Relevant bibliographies by topics / Reformed Church in Transylvania

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Reformed Church in Transylvania'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 July 2024
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Reformed Church in Transylvania"

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Püsök, Sarolta. "To Serve with Words, Letters and Deeds - The First Stage of the Református Család (Reformed Family) Magazine’s Publication (1929-1944)." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica 65, no. 2 (December 20, 2020): 107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.65.2.06.

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" The study firstly addresses the crisis period, which made the creation of the periodical necessary. The first issue was published in 1929, but our time travel to understand the era needs to take us back at least to the 19th century since the roots of the crisis can be found there: the defeat of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848; the worker optimism following the 1867 Austro-Hungarian Compromise, which, in addition to spectacular results, further deepened the economic and ethnic gap between the various strata of the population; the people-centred, fickle ideological basis of theological liberalism; the horrors of World War I, the Republic of Councils of Hungary, the Treaty of Trianon. The second main topic outlines one of the successful areas of crisis management, i.e. the domestic mission aspirations unfolding in the Transylvanian Reformed Church District: the role of theology professors, Vécs Society, associations mobilizing certain strata of church members, and related press releases and press products. The third chapter presents the first release period of Református Család from 1929 to 1944: objectives of the periodical, columns, readers, editors-writers. Keywords: the Hungarian Reformed community in Transylvania, crisis period, home/domestic mission, Transylvanian Reformed Women’s Association (1928–1944), Református Család periodical (1929–1944)."
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Gudor, Botond. "The Reformed College of Alba Iulia - Sárospatak." Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Historica 26, no. 1 (December 15, 2022): 17–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.29302/auash.2022.26.1.2.

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The exiled college of Sárospatak had a significant influence on the educational and ecclesiastical history of Transylvania during the 44 years it was active in Alba Iulia, between 1672 and 1716. The college of Alba Iulia - Sárospatak was one of the first schools in Transylvania to include weekly teaching of English classes in its curriculum. The students of the College introduced the festive liturgical services (raising funds for subsistence through service called legatio), still practiced today by theologians in Reformed areas. After being expelled from Alba Iulia as well, the students and professors of the College raised the lower school (particula) of Târgu Mureș to the rank of Illustrious College. At the in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century, the College became one of the main advocates for resistance to, and then a victim of, the Transylvanian Counter-Reformation. The 44 years during which the College was active in Alba Iulia show us the image of an institution that, against all vicissitudes, redefined itself, adapting and rebuilding from the ground up. Many students of the College of Alba Iulia - Sárospatak were employed as teachers in the area around the city’s borders, but some preferred to occupy parishes around the hometown of Patak (Hungary). These students expressed their gratitude to supportive patrons among the nobility by educating their children. The ever-growing number of local schools was a sign that the task of education in the Țara Vinului had become a well-mastered asset of the College. Students of the College occupied the positions of parish priests in the neighbouring communities of Șard, Vințu de Jos, Săliște, Ighiu, Cricău, Hidrifaia, Vurpăr and Făgăraș, often located on the domains of the Teleki, Barcsai and Bethlen families. Some graduates left for other opportunities in Upper Hungary or Transylvania. The life of the particula in Făgăraș, previously linked to the College of Aiud, later became dependent on the College of Alba Iulia. Our study comprehensively analyses the decades of Reformed education in Alba Iulia in order to gain a detailed perspective on the process of loss of educational and ecclesiastic buildings that once belonged to the Reformed Church and to the student community of the College.
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Benkő, Levente. "A Narrow Breathing Space. The Issue of Prisoners in Bishop János Vásárhelyi’s Correspondence between 1944 and 1945." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica 65, no. 2 (December 20, 2020): 13–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.65.2.01.

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"In his study, the author focuses on analysing how the issue of war prisoners and of Reformed civilians dragged away from their homes is presented in the corre-spondence of Bishop János Vásárhelyi, the leader of the Reformed Church District of Transylvania. He also discusses the steps the bishop could take to obtain the re-lease of the captives. The author lists a number of examples illustrating the measures implemented in September 1944 at first by the Hungarian military authorities leaving northern Transylvania and then by the Romanian and Soviet military authorities marching in and whisking along Hungarian ecclesiastical personalities and also members of the congregation. One can find out from the study the efforts Bishop János Vásárhelyi made to convince the Hungarian authorities to release the members of Romanian Greek Catholic and Orthodox high clergy they had in their custody, and afterwards how he attempted to obtain the release of the Reformed Church’s clergymen, teachers, and professors and also of one of his family members imprisoned by the Romanian authorities in Romanian lagers. Furthermore, the study points out the fact that in that period many Hungarians who were transported to the Soviet Union in large prisoner trains via Kolozsvár/Cluj asked for help too, and the bishop tried to help within the narrow margins and with the few means that he had. Keywords: Bishop, János Vásárhelyi, World War II, Reformed Church District of Tran-sylvania, prisoner, Groza."
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Horváth, Levente. "The Ambiguous Beginnings of the Modern Mission Movements in the Reformed Church of Transylvania Between 1895 and 1918." Perichoresis 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/perc-2021-0001.

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Abstract This study looks at the ways how the Reformed Church encountered the new modern mission movement in Transylvania with the arrival of Dr. Béla Kenessey and Dr. István Kecskeméthy to the newly established Reformed Theological Seminary at Cluj in 1895. By the time being, some theologians expressed grave concerns about the dangers of theological liberalism to the Confessions. The paper argues that these young professors, touched by the mission movement and revival also sought to encompass those who had an evangelistic fervor to reach unbelievers and to serve those people in their personal and social needs. As a result, Christian Covenant was established in 1896, with official recognition in 1903 as the Christian Endeavor. It is hoped to unfold the major shifts regarding the attitudes to mission in the Reformed Church of Hungary and throw lights on ambiguous beginnings of mission movements.
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Lányi, Gábor. "A Károli Gáspár Református Egyetem megalapításának története." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica 68, no. 2 (December 30, 2023): 179–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.68.2.12.

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The History of the Foundation of Károli Gáspár Reformed University. Plans to found a Hungarian Reformed university in Transylvania were conceived during the reigns of princes Gábor Bethlen (1622) and Ákos Barcsai (1658, then at the initiative of János Apáczai Csere), but unfortunately external circumstances prevented the establishment of such a university. At the end of the 18th century, the idea was raised again in Pest (József Vay, 1796). However, the circumstances made it only possible to establish a joint Evangelical-Reformed theological faculty (Pál Török, Theological Academy of Pest, 1855). In 1993, under the more favourable conditions of the regime change, the longed-for university could be founded, with the merger of the Theological Academy and the Teachers’ College of Nagykőrös and the establishment of a faculty of humanities in Budapest. Our study presents the circumstances, processes, debates, and key personalities behind the founding of the university 30 years ago. Keywords: Theological Academy of Pest, Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary, Bishop Loránt Hegedűs, Christian higher education, history of the Reformed Church in Hungary
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Klein, Christoph. "The Reformer Johannes Honterus and Orthodoxy: “Early Ecumenism”." Review of Ecumenical Studies Sibiu 9, no. 3 (December 1, 2017): 445–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ress-2017-0030.

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Abstract On the occasion of the commemoration of 500 years since the Reformation, this article, entitled “Reformation and Orthodoxy”, calls attention to the personality of Johannes Honterus (1497-1549), the Lutheran reformer of the Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Transylvania, and reviews his relationship to Orthodoxy, a relationship which may be referred to as “Early Ecumenism”. Johannes Honterus, one of the most important personalities of the Transylvanian Saxons, was an outstanding scholar who had studied in Vienna, Krakow, Regensburg and Basel. He became the founder of the first school and the first publishing house in Brasov (Kronstadt), and – as Senior Pastor – was the reformer of his native town and eventually all of Transylvania (1547). Honterus had close contacts to Christian-Orthodox Romanians from surrounding areas, and in his publishing house not only Latin, Greek and German textbooks were published, as well as the two most important works about the Reformation in Brasov and the whole of Transylvania, but also – about 1540 –, among others, the so called Christian-Orthodox „Edition of Nilus“, with extracts from the Greek Patristic Literature by Evaragius Ponticus, Gregory of Nazianz and Thalassus. His dialogue with Orthodox visitors to his town inspired his work for the Lutheran Reformation among the Transylvanian Saxons. From 1556 to 1583, Honterus had in his publishing house the most important Orthodox publisher of the 16th century, Deacon Coresi. This “early ecumenism” became the basis for the well-known tradition of religious tolerance in Transylvania.
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Péter, István. "A Pitești-i Református Egyházközség első tíz évének demográfiai adatsorai a halálozási anyakönyvek tükrében." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica 66, no. 2 (December 20, 2021): 281–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbtref.66.2.14.

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Abstract. Demographic Data of the First Ten Years of Existence of the Pitești Reformed Church in the Light of the Official Death Registries. In the last three centuries, many Hungarians in Transylvania went to work and live in the southern part of the Carpathians. At first, they went just for seasonal work, but later they become permanent migrants. They founded new Reformed parishes and schools in the new locations. We have data on the population of Pitești from 1844, when Sándor Ürmösy described the ethnic and confessional composition of the town for the first time, and he mentions 1,500 Hungarians in Pitești. As result of the Reformed missionary work, the first Reformed churches were established in the most important towns of old Romania in the mid-19th century. The documents of those times reveal to us data on the demographic, confessional, and ethnic composition of the population. In this study, I attempted to find the most important data on the first ten years in the life of the Pitești Reformed community linked to its members’ age of death, cause of the death, and occupation. Keywords: mission, Pitești, Reformed Church, old Romania, official death registries
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Nagy, Péter. "A „per viam instantiae” perek az erdélyi református házassági jogban." DÍKÉ 5, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/dike.2021.05.01.02.

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This article aims to analyse the “per viam instantiae” cases in the matrimonial jurisdiction of the Reformed Church in Transylvania. Until the introduction of civil marriages in 1895, denominations had the right to declare the marriage of their members in Transylvania in the second half of the nineteenth century. All this time, in the motherland, these cases fell under the jurisdiction of civil courts, and the canon law did not recognise the dissolution of marriage. Therefore, it was easier to get divorced in Transylvania than in the other parts of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Due to this difference between the rules in the field of matrimonial law, the matrimonial courts of the protestant churches were the goal and an opportunity for the people who wanted to get divorced.
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Lupescu Makó, Mária. "Family Archives in the 16th Century. The Mikola Family Archive." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Historia 66, no. 1 (February 2022): 47–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbhist.2021.1.02.

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"In April 1573, after the death of the head of the family, Ferenc Mikola, the elders of the Mikolas gathered in Someşeni to take over the family archive from his widow. The action carried out according to the custom, but also to the legislation of the country took place in the presence of witnesses, later a proving act being issued. The present study aims to investigate the process of handing over the noble family archives in Transylvania from the end of the Middle Ages and during the sixteenth century. In this context, the ways of keeping and ordering the charters during the researched period, as well as the circumstances of the formation of the noble family archives will be examined. The focus will be on the presentation of a case study, that of the Mikola family archive. Starting from the charter issued in April 1573, we shall briefly present the Mikola family, their family archive, but also the witnesses of the archive’s transmission. Among the latter, we shall pay a special attention to Ferenc Dávid, the parish priest of Cluj and superintendent. The second title carried by the religious reformer shall provide the opportunity to reflect on the formation of the Reformed and Unitarian Churches in Transylvania. Keywords: Mikola family, family archives, Mikola archive, preservation of the charters, Transylvania, 16th century, Unitarian Church. "
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Sárközi, Gabriella. "Magyarországi diákok az angol és skót egyetemeken (1789-1914)." Acta Papensia 7, no. 1-2 (2007): 101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.55954/ap.2007.1-2.101.

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The topic of my research is the Hungarian students at the universities of England and Scotland in the modem age (1789-1914). In this topic, prof. emer. George Gömöri carried on research-work on Hungarian students in England and Scotland (16—17th century) and there are other researchers and historians who are concerned with making scientific investigations on H ungarian and Transylvanian students abroad like Richard Hörcsik and Agnes Simovits. Moreover, regarding to the Transylvanian Unitarians: Elisabeth Zsakó and Andrew Kovács have to be mentioned. My research includes the studies of students from the Hungarian Kingdom and from Transylvania. I burrowed in sources and I collected references and trying to find all of the H ungarian students who studied in England and Scotland during the long 19th century. First of all I examined the matriculation books of Oxford and Cambridge which contain facts about the students’ birth-places, nationality or their origin, the date of entry, and their fathers' name. I also checked the registers of the colleges in w hich I found the same data. Furthermore, I burrowed in the documents of the H ungarian Protestant church districts, especially the documents of foreign affairs and of the educational administration. I also searched through the annual reports of Universities. After all I completed my data from different encyclopedias, like Pallas, Szinnyei's or Révai's. During the long 19th century 13 English and 4 Scottish universities existed. I found H ungarian and Transylvanian students in 4 English universities and in all the Scottish ones. Altogether there were 226 students. A couple of them studied in more universities. In England: 138. In London: 70, in Cambridge: 32, in Oxford: 30, in Manchester: 1, the target universities of 5 students are unknown. In Scotland: 101. In Edinburgh: 91, in Aberdeen: 5, in Glasgow: 3, in St. Andrew's: 2. (I mention that during my research I found 2 other Hungarian students who studied in Belfast.) Before 1860 we can't talk about the flow of students, according to my research there were only 10 students. 1 have to emphasize that my research has not been finished yet, consequently the num bers may change in the future. Studying in England and in Scotland wouldn't have been possible without the foreign or the home scholarships and foundations. I found that the greater part (more than 50 per cent) of the students who studied in England and in Scotland, traveled and studied with the assistance of English and Scottish foundations. More than 80 of the Hungarian students learnt theology at the Neu> College in Edinburgh, where a foundation was founded in 1863 for H ungarian and Czech reformed theological students; which granted 50 pounds per capital for 2 people from both of the countries in every year. Another foundation existed for Transylvanian Unitarians by the Manchester New College which institute was situated in London, than in 1889 it moved to Oxford. This college welcome 20 Transylvanian Unitarians who studied theology, pedagogy and other arts. For Transylvanian Unitarian women there was another scholarship - so-called the Sharpefoundation - in London at the Charming House School, which made possible for 16 Transylvanian women to study different studies in England between 1892 and 1914. Besides these foreign foundations there were H ungarian ecclesiastical relief funds which helped students who would have liked to study in England and Scotland. I found Szalapfoundation among the documents of the Trans-Danubian Church District. In other church districts there were other aids about 200 korona/crowns per capital and in special cases the church district awarded 400 crowns to a student to cover his travel expenses. In H ungary there were other foundations at the universities to maintain the students who wanted to study in England. After having finished their studies in Hungary, the medical students could gain experiences in England with the Benc-travelling-scholarship and w ith the Schordann-scholarship. In the early years of the 20th century medical students studied at the universities of England and Scotland for 2 years in general. Tor engineers there was the Abraham Ganz scholarship which made the way free to England. Furthermore, I found a Joseph Ferenc jubilee scholarship, it was the foundation of the city of Budapest which made possible for students to study abroad, especially in London. Besides these, other state-foundation existed for students. The religious distribution of the students is the following: Reformed: 100, Unitarian: 38, Catholic: 6, Jew: 8, Evangelical: 4. It can be ascertained that the greater part of the students were reformed and Unitarian who according to my research studied theology at the universities of England and Scotland. Regarding the origin of the students, more than 22% came from Transylvania. The 50% of the Transylvanians chose London as a destination. It is worth examining what kind of jobs they took and what kind of articles and books they wrote in connection with their English and Scottish studies after they had returned from England or from Scotland. The majority became teachers and pastors. First of all they examined the educational system of England and Scotland, secondly they saw the renewal of the Free Church of Scotland so they played an important role in the changes of the Hungarian Reformed Church. For instance the new institution whereas priests are working in prisons came from Scotland too. Owing to the fact that there were H ungarians who studied medical science in England, they acquainted H ungary with new scientific achievements. Those who became the m asters of English language found employment in diplomacy or they became interpreters and translators. As a result of their works, the writings of Darwin, John Stuart Mill and Shakespeare could be read in Hungarian. Those who got job in connection with politics or law, examined the Anglo-Saxon system of law and the English parliamentarism. They wrote books about the comparison of the H ungarian and English system of government, also about the international law ... etc. A m ong the Hungarian engineers Andrew Veress w ho finished his studies in England took part in building the first Romanian railway. What is more, the botanist, paleontologist and mineralogist Elek Pávai Vajna, who originated from Transylvania, studied natural sciencies in England. O n top of all, the famous Asia-scientist Aurel Stein studied in England too. Thanked to other students who were engaged in horticulture the English style of parks became know n in H ungary. As a conclusion I w ould like to summarise my experiences. The revealed data shows that the m ajor part of Hungarian students who studied in England and Scotland, were Reformed theological men students w ho studied with the aid of foreign foundations after 1860. W ithout a scholarship it was hard to get to England and Scotland, because of the distance and the other reason w as that the University of Cambridge and Oxford w ere elite schools and too expensive for Hungarians. In these schools the members of H ungarian aristocratic families could study like Ziehy s, Batthyány's, Esterházy's and Festetics’s. Thanked to their foreign studies the Hungarian students brought back the new scientific achievem ents and knowledge from England/Scotland w hich led to the modernization and scientific renewal of Hungary.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reformed Church in Transylvania"

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Murdock, Graeme. "International Calvinism and the Reformed church of Hungary and Transylvania, 1613-1658." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f7c6c878-20b0-4c36-81ee-ecb05a18a4f4.

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The Reformed church in Hungary and Transylvania had extensive connections with western Calvinist churches during the early seventeenth century, and became more closely linked with co-religionists abroad during this period. In this thesis I shall examine the ideology and shared interests of this international Calvinist community, and assess the significant impact which contacts with fellow Calvinists beyond Hungary's borders had on the development of the Hungarian Reformed church. The early seventeenth century saw increasing numbers of Hungarian student ministers travel to western Reformed universities, western Calvinist teachers travel to work in Hungarian schools, and the transfer and translation of foreign Reformed theological works for use in Hungary and Transylvania. This pattern of broad engagement with western Europe heavily influenced the development of education in the Reformed schools of Hungary and Transylvania, as well as the forms of worship and ceremony adopted by the Hungarian Reformed church. Godly princes, godly gentlemen and clergy were partners in the building-up of the Reformed church of Hungary and Transylvania. The church was indeed reliant in the early seventeenth century on patronage and support from a series of Reformed Transylvanian princes, and from Hungarian nobles. The continuing commitment of these parties to further religious reformation in the region was challenged by some Reformed ministers who, inspired by their experience of Calvinist churches abroad, sought to introduce presbyterial government and reforms of church ceremony and discipline, an agenda dubbed locally as Puritanism. International Calvinist contacts however largely served to bolster the theological orthodoxy of the Reformed community of Hungary and Transylvania against its confessional rivals, invigorating the Reformed church's zeal to defend its position with a stridently anti-Catholic ideology. Comparisons with other Reformed churches reinforced commitment in Hungary to tighten standards of discipline with an ethos of morality which was distinctively Reformed. International Calvinism therefore assisted the Reformed confessionalisation of Transylvania and eastern Hungary in the early seventeenth century. However the ties binding Transylvania with the rest of the Calvinist world in this period also encouraged Transylvania's princes to adopt a diplomatic policy of Protestant cooperation tinged with apocalyptic ideas, which was ultimately to jeopardise the stability of the principality and the place of Reformed religion in east-central Europe.
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Horváth, Levente László. "The concept of mission in the Hungarian Reformed Church in Transylvania, 1895-1950." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683250.

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Stam, Jeff. "An introduction to missions for the Christian Reformed Church in Central America." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.

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Lindemulder, Al. "Christian Reformed Church order inclusive or exclusive? /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.

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Camroux, Martin Frederick. "Ecumenical church renewal : the example of the United Reformed Church." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2014. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/332978/.

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Background to the Research. In his enthronement sermon as Archbishop of Canterbury in 1942 William Temple famously declared the ecumenical movement to be ‘the great new fact of our era’. For much of the twentieth century it was the major metanarrative of Church renewal. By the end of the century however the enthusiasm had largely dissipated, the organizations which represented it were in decline, and the hoped for organic unity looked further away than ever. Surprisingly little has been written on the attempt to achieve organic unity in England, what it hoped to achieve and why, at least in terms of its expectations, it failed. I propose to come at this major topic by focusing on the creation of the United Reformed Church, which was formed in 1972 by a union of the majority of congregations of the Congregational Church in England and Wales and the Presbyterian Church in England and saw its formation as a catalyst for the ecumenical renewal of the British churches. Methodology. This thesis, which is mainly resourced by documentary evidence and interviews, comes into the category of qualitative research but also uses statistics where they are relevant, for example when dealing with Church decline. Since I am a United Reformed Church minister, and have worked ecumenically, my role here draws upon the perspective of an observing participant. Conclusions. The research revealed that the hopes of the United Reformed Church to be a catalyst for church renewal were illusory and that the effects of its ecumenical priority were partially negative in the Church’s life. With the failure of its ecumenical hope the Church had little idea of its purpose and found great difficulty establishing an identity. It suffered from severe membership loss and the hoped for missionary advantage promised by its ecumenical strategy did not materialize. The thesis will analyse the reasons for failure, while noting that what failed was not ecumenism as such but a particular model of ecumenism.
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Goeschl, Gary Edward. "Toward an understanding of Reformed theology an introductory commentary on five major chapters of the Westminster Confession of Faith /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.

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Fuleki, Alexander Benedek. "Renewal in the American Hungarian Reformed Church." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.

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Zandstra, Gerald L. "The past, present and potential future of the ministry share system in the Christian Reformed Church." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.

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Grant, Tony. "The virtual church building a church web site for York Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.

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Moyo, Paul Harry. "Reformed theology and the excluded middle a reformed biblical theology of the demonic and exorcism /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.

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Books on the topic "Reformed Church in Transylvania"

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Opočenský, Milan. Being reformed. Louisville, KY: Office of Theology and Worship, Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), 1997.

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Bavinck, Herman. Reformed dogmatics. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2004.

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Maryjane, Proctor, and Passaic County Historical Society, eds. Pompton Plains Reformed Church Cemetery. Paterson, N.J: Passaic County Historical Society, 2003.

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Watts, Malcolm H. What is a reformed church? Grand Rapids, Mich: Reformation Heritage Books, 2011.

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Rongen, G. van. Our Reformed Church service book. Neerlandia, Alberta, Canada: Inheritance Publications, 1995.

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Herman, Bavinck. Reformed dogmatics. Edited by Bolt John 1947-. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2011.

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Herman, Bavinck. Reformed dogmatics. Edited by Bolt John 1947-. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2011.

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Klei, A. J. De koningin is lekker hervormd!: Over kerken en kerkmensen in Nederland. 2nd ed. Baarn: Ten Have, 1992.

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Amelink, Agnes. De gereformeerden. Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 2001.

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Jenei, Dana. Gothic mural painting in Transylvania. Bucureşti: NOI Media Print, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Reformed Church in Transylvania"

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Szabadi, István. "Attracted by Transylvania – Contributions to the Early Modern Reformed Church History of Partium." In From Movement to Inheritance, 53–62. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666503498.53.

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Papp, György. "In the Direction of Finding the Way of a Responsible Theology for the Hungarian Reformed Church (of Transylvania)." In In aetatum confiniis, 161–73. Szeged, Hungary: JATEPress, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/jp.pgy.2021.5.

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Püsök, Sarolta. "Interplay of Tradition and Innovation in the Transylvanian Reformed Church after 1989." In From Movement to Inheritance, 185–92. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666503498.185.

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Broeke, Leon van den. "Reformed church order." In Church Laws and Ecumenism, 150–69. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003084273-9.

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Kniker, Charles R. "Evangelical Reformed Church Schools." In Information, Computer and Application Engineering, 143–45. London: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429434617-10.

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Makkai, László. "The Crown and the Diets of Hungary and Transylvania in the Sixteenth Century." In Crown, Church and Estates, 80–91. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21579-9_6.

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Balserak, Jon. "“The church that cannot err.” Early Reformed Thinking on the Church." In ‘Church’ at the Time of the Reformation, 51–64. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666570995.51.

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Spurlock, R. Scott. "The tradition of intolerance in the Church of Scotland." In Reformed Majorities in Early Modern Europe, 295–312. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666550836.295.

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Wien, Ulrich Andreas. "Reconciliation in a Village Community in the Reformation Period in Transylvania." In ‘Church’ at the Time of the Reformation, 461–70. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666570995.461.

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Máthé, András. "The Economy of the Transylvanian Roman Catholic Status Between the World Wars." In Different Approaches to Economic and Social Changes: New Research Issues, Sources and Results, 45–55. Working Group of Economic and Social History Regional Committee of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Pécs, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/seshst-02-04.

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The purpose of the study. To examine how the 20th century’s political changes affected the Roman Catholic Church structurally, and it’s specific institution, the Roman Catholic Status by the agrarian reforms which were part of the modernization process and nation-building in Greater Romania; and more importantly in Transylvania, the area of the four Roman Catholic dioceses of Nagyárad, Gyulafehérvár, Temesvár and Szatmár, and what alternatives were created for economical surviving. Applied methods. Literature review including the history of World War I and the consequences of the upcoming treaties of Versailles. We involved sources from church literature, agrarian estates records and data from researches of the Status archives from Transylvania. The research framework is the history of the Roman Catholic Status. We introduced four ecclesiastical counties whose economically changes influenced the administration of several institutions and funds belonging to the Status. We made a structural analysis examining the new economic system of the Roman Catholic Status situated in the middle of the modernization development of Greater Romania. Outcomes. Due to the annexation of Transylvania to Romania, the Roman Catholic Church went from a privileged position to a marginal position, since the majority of the Romanian population was Orthodox Christian. Many problems of the process of modernization and nationbuilding in Greater Romania were felt by all sections of the population, but it was the ethnic minorities and their institutions - especially the churches - which were to be integrated into the new nation-state that were most affected. The four Roman Catholic dioceses Gyulafehérvár (Alba Iulia), Nagyvárad (Oradea), Temesvár (Timișoara) and Szatmár (Satu Mare)) expropriated 277,513 acres of a total of 290,570 acres of land, which represented 98% of the land holdings. The agrarian reform of 1919-1920 brought major changes in the management of the Status funds and the estates belonging to them.
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Conference papers on the topic "Reformed Church in Transylvania"

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Abos, Ileana Ana. "CULTURAL HERITAGE AT THE CROSSROADS: THE RENAISSANCE CASTLES OF THE MURE? VALLEY, TRANSYLVANIA, ROMANIA IN THE 20TH-21ST CENTURIES." In 10th SWS International Scientific Conferences on ART and HUMANITIES - ISCAH 2023. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscah.2023/fs05.06.

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The Mure? Valley is one of Romania's most culturally cohesive landscapes. Its cultural heritage intertwines with Western and Central Europe. Europe's cultural heritage includes this region's heritage. Starting in the 16th century, several noble residences were constructed in this region in magnificent geographical surroundings. Some of these were built according to designs based on Italian Renaissance architectural treatises. The most impressive style of Transylvanian Renaissance architecture is represented by these monuments. These belonged to noble and princely families, and they varied greatly in terms of size and demand. Around them, parks were constructed, and the castle contained a remarkable collection of books and artwork. After being nationalised in 1949, they underwent significant changes under communism. Some of these changes destroyed them, and others are irreparable. This work aims to illustrate the changes the magnificent Renaissance mansions of the nobility have undergone over time. These changes occurred in the 20th and 21st centuries. On the inside, there were numerous changes. In addition, the parks that border these architectural complexes have been changed or eliminated. The cultural landscape has irrevocably changed. Our research shows three main categories of Renaissance castles in the Mures Valley. A) Saved monuments, where you can see how they were preserved and incorporated into tourist routes. It may also involve returning castles to the community. B) Crumbling castles represent the opposing polarity. C) Castles undergoing restoration. According to their legal standing, castles are either privately owned, owned by the state, or owned by Catholic or Reformed churches. Preserving these monuments and the cultural landscape they generate preserves a significant part of our implicit cultural heritage and European identity.
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Boboc, Răzvan Gabriel, Florin Gîrbacia, Mihai Duguleană, and Aleš Tavčar. "A handheld Augmented Reality to revive a demolished Reformed Church from Braşov." In VRIC '17: Virtual Reality International Conference - Laval Virtual 2017. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3110292.3110311.

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Bittencourt Machado, Christiano. "Flight Simulation In Geography Teaching: Experience Reports In Two Scenarios." In Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies (IHIET-AI 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004561.

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There is an increasingly innovative range of resources in education, seeking to create a motivating environment for learning. The aim of this work was to present experience reports on the use of a flight simulator in Brazilian and biblical geography classes in an elementary school and a reformed Christian theology church, respectively. Microsoft® Flight Simulator was used for this purpose. Two educational scenarios are presented here: (1) teaching of geographical aspects of Brazil for 10-years old students; and (2) teaching of biblical aspects for 8 to 10-years old children from a reformed Christian theology church. The classroom was prepared to simulate an internal airplane environment. First, in the elementary school scenario, students could learn about Rio de Janeiro, Niterói (school city), the Amazon rainforest, Brasília (Brazilian capital), Pantanal and the southern region of the country. On the other hand, in the church scenario, children were able to have a bigger picture about Egypt, Sinai desert, Dead Sea, Jordan river, the Sea of Galilee, and other important biblical sites in Palestine, providing a rich opportunity to learn the main stories of the Old and New Testaments. Children approved the use of technology to assimilate the content, and further projects are intended to present this application for adults.
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Ramšak, Jure. "Depoliticisation of religious interest? The league of communists of Slovenia and the ambiguities of its religious policy during the final decades of Yugoslavia." In International conference Religious Conversions and Atheization in 20th Century Central and Eastern Europe. Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče Koper, Annales ZRS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.35469/978-961-7195-39-2_04.

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The fact that progressive theologians and Marxist-humanist sociologists of religion had publicly displayed a significant level of mutual understanding and reached notably similar conclusions regarding Church-state relations by the early 1990s cannot obfuscate the controversies within the sphere of societal life in Yugoslavia that remained least affected by the principles of socialist self-management democracy. On the surface, the relationship between the Catholic Church and the state authorities in Slovenia, the northernmost and predominantly Catholic republic of Yugoslavia, appeared fairly peaceful and cooperative throughout the late socialist period. Furthermore, as this paper illustrates, Slovenian religious policy was proposed as a sophisticated model for the inclusive life of believers in a modern socialist society and presented to Vatican diplomats, international experts, and foreign journalists. Nonetheless, during that period, the more independent intellectuals, Catholic and Marxist alike, who warned that the Slovenian Catholic Church was departing from the course of the Second Vatican Council and that the Communist Party should abandon its orthodox Marxist-Leninist understanding of religion to foster genuine dialogue, were marginalised. Instead, there were lengthy debates focusing on whether certain social activities of the Catholic Church encroached on the domain designated for initiatives of the League of Communists and the Socialist Alliance of Working People. With a mounting crisis and increasing public pressure, some public religious manifestations were allowed in the second half of the 1980s, but the fundamental problems remained unaddressed. Although the liberalization of public discourse in Yugoslavia’s final years brought to the fore issues such as freedom of religion and freedom from religion ‒ both of which were integral to the contested programme of the ruling Communist Party and the type of socialist secular society the Slovenian reformed Communists sought to establish ‒, there was not enough time to rework the entrenched religious policy that had alienated many religious citizens.
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Ilies, Monica. "WEATHERING PROCESSES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON SANDSTONE AS BUILDING MATERIAL CASE STUDY: THE STONE-BUILT FOUNDATION OF THE HOLY ARCHANGELS CHURCH IN DEAG VILLAGE, TRANSYLVANIA." In 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2015/b52/s20.071.

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Harper, Glenn. "Becoming Ultra-Civic: The Completion of Queen’s Square, Sydney 1962-1978." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4009pijuv.

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Declaring in the late 1950s that Sydney City was in much need of a car free civic square, Professor Denis Winston, Australia’s first chair in town and country planning at the University of Sydney, was echoing a commonly held view on how to reconfigure the city for a modern-day citizen. Queen’s Square, at the intersection of Macquarie Street and Hyde Park, first conceived in 1810 by Governor Lachlan Macquarie, remained incomplete until 1978 when it was developed as a pedestrian only plaza by the NSW Government Architect under a different set of urban intentions. By relocating the traffic bound statue of Queen Victoria (1888) onto the plaza and demolishing the old Supreme Court complex (1827), so that nearby St James’ Church (1824) could becoming freestanding alongside a new multi-storey Commonwealth Supreme Court building (1975), by the Sydney-based practise of McConnel Smith and Johnson, the civic and social ambition of this pedestrian space was assured. Now somewhat overlooked in the history of Sydney’s modern civic spaces, the adjustment in the design of this square during the 1960s translated the reformed urban design agenda communicated in CIAM 8, the heart of the city (1952), a post-war treatise developed and promoted by the international architect and polemicist, Josep Lluis Sert. This paper examines the completion of Queen’s Square in 1978. Along with the symbolic role of the project, that is, to provide a plaza as a social instrument in humanising the modern-day city, this project also acknowledged the city’s colonial settlement monuments beside a new law court complex; and in a curious twist in fate, involving curtailing the extent of the proposed plaza so that the colonial Supreme Court was retained, the completion of Queen’s Square became ultra – civic.
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Bortolotto, Susanna, Cristiana Achille, Elisabetta Ciocchini, and Maria Cristina Palo. "The rural founding villages of the Italian Agrarian Reform in Basilicata (1950-1970): urban planning and 'modern' vernacular architecture to the test of contemporaneity. The case of Borgo Taccone (MT)." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15113.

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The contribution aims at providing an overview on urban planning and on 'modern' vernacular architecture of the rural founding villages built during the Agrarian Reform (1950-1970) in Italy, in the inland areas of Basilicata Region. In particular there are settlements not yet sufficiently known, in which the important of inventorying the considerable built heritage must be the objective of a necessary, urgent safeguarding. With the 'Agrarian Reform' (Law 841/1950), the Italian government carried out a redistribution to settlers of the lands of uncultivated or abandoned large estates. The purpose was to increase productivity in the reformed areas, as long as a better profitability of labor and an adequate 'social equity'. As a consequence, new villages were created that had to fulfil the task of reorganizing rural centers of socio-economic concentrations, able to reconstitute environments similar to the agglomerations from which the laborers, once employed in the latifundiums, came. Among the numerous centers built in Basilicata, Borgo Taccone is representative of this system of agrarian colonization of the Lucanian territory. The settlement, in which the modern construction techniques were broadly experimented, is the service center for farmers living in farmhouses in the surrounding funds and for this reason it was equipped with core services such as the church, the school, the post office, the clinic, cinema/theater, etc. After an initial period of demographic expansion, in the seventies the ‘Borgo’ began to depopulate and is now in a state of abandonment and decay. Despite this, this settlement, surrounded by agricultural land in a well-preserved landscape, still retains a strong formal character in both its urban and architectural layout. The contribution traces the physical, social and cultural transformation line that led this rich asset to the contemporary world, outlining a possible future cultural theoretical debate on its safeguard and sustainable enhancement.
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