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Academic literature on the topic 'Reference material (RM)'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Reference material (RM)"

1

Kasilyunas, Anastasia V., Maria Yu Medvedevskikh, Maria P. Krashenina, and Anna S. Sergeeva. "Key development stages of reference material for lactose monohydrate composition." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2192, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2192/1/012020.

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Abstract The article mirrors key stages of development of reference material (RM) for the composition of lactose monohydrate with certified values of mass fraction of water and basic material. The RM could be used in the analytical chemistry and food industry, as well as at identification and assessment of nutritive products safety, int. al., infant food. The RM under development will be intended for metrological assurance of mass fraction of water and basic substance measuring instruments based on usage of thermogravimetric, titrimetric and chromatographic methods, certification of measurement procedures and control of measurement results of lactose monohydrate mass fraction accuracy, used as the host material, and in compositions of organic substances and materials or in measurements of water mass fraction in solid substances and materials, as well as for other kinds of metrological control. Determination of certified value of lactose monohydrate mass fraction in the RM was performed by reference method of iodometric titration and affirmed by mass balance method (one hundred minus the number of impurities) and by calculating-experimental method. The certified value of mass fraction of water was assigned by the Fischer’s method of volumetric titration and confirmed by the thermogravimetric method. Considerable attention was focused to the study of the separation process of sorbed and crystallisation water in a high-purity lactose monohydrate reagent. The results of measurements of the quantitative content of the types of water were considered when assessing the purity of the target substance by various methods. Unlike existing RM of similar composition, the traceability of the certified values of the RM being developed will be ensured to units of values reproduced respectively by the state primary (GET 173-2017) and secondary (GVET 176-1-2010) standards.
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Phillips, Melissa M., Tomás M. López Seal, Jennifer M. Ness, and Kai Zhang. "Development and Characterization of a Multimycotoxin Reference Material." Journal of AOAC International 102, no. 6 (November 1, 2019): 1642–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.19-0109.

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Background: Matrix-matched reference materials (RMs) are critical for adequate quality assurance of extraction, digestion, separation, and/or detection processes for analytes of interest in foods and dietary supplements. The accurate determination of mycotoxins in foods is an international concern. While RMs for mycotoxins are available from a variety of RM producers, these mainly address a single mycotoxin or group of mycotoxins and therefore require the use of multiple RMs for multitarget methods. Objective: To address the increasing needs of laboratories moving toward LC-MS-based multimycotoxin analysis, the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) collaborated with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to produce a naturally incurred RM for multiple mycotoxins in corn. Methods: Homogeneity of the RM has been assessed using a stratified random sampling of the final product based on mycotoxin mass fractions measured by the FDA and NIST. Multiple sample sizes were evaluated to maximize homogeneity in the obtained results. The mycotoxin levels in the final materials have been evaluated via interlaboratory comparison and isotope dilution LC–tandem MS measurements made at the FDA and NIST. The final value assignment combined results from these data sets. Conclusions: The study successfully developed a certified RM, SRM 1565 Mycotoxins in Corn, and a workflow for the future development of multimycotoxin RMs in different matrices.
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Phillips, Melissa M., Tomás M. López Seal, Jennifer M. Ness, and Kai Zhang. "Development and Characterization of a Multimycotoxin Reference Material." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 102, no. 6 (November 1, 2019): 1642–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/102.6.1642.

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Abstract Background: Matrix-matched reference materials (RMs) are critical for adequate quality assurance of extraction, digestion, separation, and/or detection processes for analytes of interest in foods and dietary supplements. The accurate determination of mycotoxins in foods is an international concern. While RMs for mycotoxins are available from a variety of RM producers, these mainly address a single mycotoxin or group of mycotoxins and therefore require the use of multiple RMs for multitarget methods. Objective: To address the increasing needs of laboratories moving toward LC-MS-based multimycotoxin analysis, the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) collaborated with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to produce a naturally incurred RM for multiple mycotoxins in corn. Methods: Homogeneity of the RM has been assessed using a stratified random sampling of the final product based on mycotoxin mass fractions measured by the FDA and NIST. Multiple sample sizes were evaluated to maximize homogeneity in the obtained results. The mycotoxin levels in the final materials have been evaluated via interlaboratory comparison and isotope dilution LC–tandem MS measurements made at the FDA and NIST. The final value assignment combined results from these data sets. Conclusions: The study successfully developed a certified RM, SRM 1565 Mycotoxins in Corn, and a workflow for the future development of multimycotoxin RMs in different matrices.
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Miller-Ihli, N. J. "Characterization of a diet reference material (RM 8431)." Science of The Total Environment 71, no. 1 (April 1988): 105–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(88)90303-8.

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Sharpless, Katherine E., and Lisa M. Gill. "Value Assignment of Nutrient Concentrations in Five Standard Reference Materials and Six Reference Materials." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 83, no. 2 (March 1, 2000): 413–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/83.2.413.

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Abstract A number of food-matrix reference materials (RMs) are available from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and from Agriculture Canada through NIST. Most of these materials were originally value-assigned for their elemental composition (major, minor, and trace elements), but no additional nutritional information was provided. Two of the materials were certified for selected organic constituents. Ten of these materials (Standard Reference Material® [SRM] 1563 Cholesterol and Fat-Soluble Vitamins in Coconut Oil [Natural and Fortified], SRM 1566b Oyster Tissue, SRM 1570a Spinach Leaves, SRM 1974a Organics in Mussel Tissue (Mytilus edulis), RM 8415 Whole Egg Powder, RM 8418 Wheat Gluten, RM 8432 Corn Starch, RM 8433 Corn Bran, RM 8435 Whole Milk Powder, and RM 8436 Durum Wheat Flour) were recently distributed by NIST to 4 laboratories with expertise in food analysis for the measurement of proximates (solids, fat, protein, etc.), calories, and total dietary fiber, as appropriate. SRM 1846 Infant Formula was distributed as a quality control sample for the proximates and for analysis for individual fatty acids. Two of the materials (Whole Egg Powder and Whole Milk Powder) were distributed in an earlier interlaboratory comparison exercise in which they were analyzed for several vitamins. Value assignment of analyte concentrations in these 11 SRMs and RMs, based on analyses by the collaborating laboratories, is described in this paper. These materials are intended primarily for validation of analytical methods for the measurement of nutrients in foods of similar composition (based on AOAC INTERNATIONAL's fat–protein–carbohydrate triangle). They may also be used as “primary control materials” in the value assignment of in-house control materials of similar composition. The addition of proximate information for 10 existing reference materials means that RMs are now available from NIST with assigned values for proximates in 6 of the 9 sectors of the AOAC triangle. Five of these materials have values assigned for total dietary fiber—the first such information provided for materials available from NIST.
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Volegova, E. A., T. I. Maslova, V. O. Vas’kovskiy, and A. S. Volegov. "Developing a reference material set for the magnetic properties of NdFeB alloy-based hard magnetic materials." Reference materials 15, no. 1 (July 9, 2019): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20915/2077-1177-2019-15-1-21-27.

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Introduction The introduction indicates the need for the use of permanent magnets in various technology fields. The necessity of measuring the limit magnetic hysteresis loop for the correct calculation of magnetic system parameters is considered. The main sources of error when measuring boundary hysteresis loops are given. The practical impossibility of verifying blocks of magnetic measuring systems element-by-element is noted. This paper is devoted to the development of reference materials (RMs) for the magnetic properties of hard magnetic materials based on Nd2Fe14B, a highly anisotropic intermetallic compound.Materials and measuring methods Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets were selected as the material for developing the RMs. RM certified values were established using a CYCLE‑3 apparatus included in the GET 198‑2017 State Primary Measurement Standard for units of magnetic loss power, magnetic induction of constant magnetic field in a range from 0.1 to 2.5 T and magnetic flux in a range from 1·10–5 to 3·10–2 Wb.Results and its discussion Based on the experimentally obtained boundary hysteresis loops, the magnetic characteristics were evaluated, the interval of permitted certified values was set, the measurement result uncertainty of certified values was estimated, the RM validity period was established and the first RM batch was released.Conclusion On the basis of conducted studies, the RM type for magnetic properties of NdFeB alloy-based hard magnetic materials was approved (MS NdFeB set). The developed RM set was registered under the numbers GSO 11059–2018 / GSO 11062–2018 in the State RM Register of the Russian Federation.
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Lee, Sang-Soo, Seil Kim, Hee Min Yoo, Da-Hye Lee, and Young-Kyung Bae. "Development of SARS-CoV-2 packaged RNA reference material for nucleic acid testing." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 414, no. 5 (December 27, 2021): 1773–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03846-y.

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AbstractNucleic acid tests to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus have been performed worldwide since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. For the quality assessment of testing laboratories and the performance evaluation of molecular diagnosis products, reference materials (RMs) are required. In this work, we report the production of a lentiviral SARS-CoV-2 RM containing approximately 12 kilobases of its genome including common diagnostics targets such as RdRp, N, E, and S genes. The RM was measured with multiple assays using two different digital PCR platforms. To measure the homogeneity and stability of the lentiviral SARS-CoV-2 RM, reverse transcription droplet digital PCR (RT-ddPCR) was used with in-house duplex assays. The copy number concentration of each target gene in the extracted RNA solution was then converted to that of the RM solution. Their copy number values are measured to be from 1.5 × 105 to 2.0 × 105 copies/mL. The RM has a between-bottle homogeneity of 4.80–8.23% and is stable at 4 °C for 1 week and at −70 °C for 6 months. The lentiviral SARS-CoV-2 RM closely mimics real samples that undergo identical pre-analytical processes for SARS-CoV-2 molecular testing. By offering accurate reference values for the absolute copy number of viral target genes, the developed RM can be used to improve the reliability of SARS-CoV-2 molecular testing.
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Karachevtsev, F. N., S. G. Eroshkin, and A. N. Mosolov. "Reference material for the spectral analysis of the VSDP‑16 aluminum alloy." Measurement Standards. Reference Materials 18, no. 1 (June 13, 2022): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20915/2077-1177-2022-18-1-39-50.

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The control of the chemical composition of aluminum-based cathodes of the VSDP brand requires a lot of production time, as well as the availability of expensive equipment, which is not suitable for the control of the alloy composition during its smelting. The purpose of this study is to develop a technology for reference material (RM) production for spectral analysis of the VSDP-16 aluminum alloy, which meets the requirements for stability and chemical homogeneity. The RM certified values should cover the alloying range of the alloy for constructing correct calibrations in the calibration of spectrometers.The RM production technology included: melting of ingots of charge bars from the VSDP-16 alloy in a vacuum induction furnace; atomization of bars to aluminum powder; hot pressing of the resulting powder in a graphite mold on a hot pressing unit at a sintering temperature of 600C and a pressure of 20 MPa (62 kN); mechanical processing of the obtained bars. In the course of the study, the processing methods of RM melting were tested by introducing the main alloying elements and impurities. The RM homogeneity study was carried out, and it was found that the homogeneity characteristic of Sн for alloying elements is less than 1 % of the certified value, which suggests a good distribution of elements in the bulk. The study of the RM chemical composition showed that the content of elements varies and allows the RM application for calibration of spectral equipment. Calibration dependences are constructed based on optical-emission and X-ray fluorescence analyzers. Dependences are linear, which makes it possible to apply RM for calibration of spectral equipment. The developed RM is appropriate for the optical-emission method of analysis, which does not include the dissolution of samples in acids. This allows to reduce labor intensity compared to the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission method by ~3 times and energy consumption by ~3.5 times.As a result of the study, a set of certified reference materials was developed for the spectral analysis of the VSDP-16 aluminum alloy GSO 11696–2021, the certified values of which are traceable to the unit of mass fraction by direct measurements on the State Primary Standard of units of mass (molar) fraction and mass (molar) concentration of components in liquid and solid substances and materials based on spectral methods GET 196-2015.
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Jiang, Zhi Hua, Xiao Dong Yang, Dong Mei Tang, and Zhi Ming Wang. "Study & Manufacture RM of Industrial CT System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 347-350 (August 2013): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.347-350.80.

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This paper introduces a method of studied and manufactured reference material for calibrating magnification of computed tomography system. The measurement procedure and certified value method of the reference material were also described. Moreover, uncertainty of measurement was evaluated in this paper, by which a state level of confidence was accompanied. Finally one example of application of the reference material was described. We thought that reference material of CT system will update its function and develop its applied field.
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Krylov, A. I., A. Y. Mikheeva, A. G. Budko, and I. Yu Tkachenko. "Metrological support of phthalate content measurements: reference material for the composition of a solution of six priority phthalates in methanol." Measurement Standards. Reference Materials 17, no. 3 (October 13, 2021): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20915/2687-0886-2021-17-3-5-19.

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The article provides information on the development of a new reference material (RM) for the composition of a solution of six priority phthalates (dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, di(n-butyl) phthalate, benzyl butyl phthalate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, di(n-octyl) phthalate) in methanol provided with metrological traceability to GET 208-2019 (GET 208). The procedure for the preparation and certification of RMs is shown, including the estimation of homogeneity and stability. Pure organic substances (phthalates) characterized on GET 208 were used as the starting material for the RM. The RM material was prepared by weight and volume-weight methods. The stability study of the RM was carried out by the isochronous procedure. The RM certified values are the mass fraction and mass concentration of individual phthalates in the solution. When calculating the uncertainty budget for RM certified values, contributions from the purity of the starting materials, RM preparation procedures, heterogeneity, and long-term instability were taken into account. The relative expanded uncertainty of the certified values does not exceed 2 %. As a result, a certified reference material (CRM) was developed and approvedfor the composition of a solution of ortho-phthalic acid esters (phthalates) in methanol GSO 11366-2019. The practical significance of the application of GSO 11366-2019 is to ensure the metrological traceability of RM to the corresponding SI units reproduced on GET 208. The developed CRM can be applied in resolving any measuring tasks and performing a full range of metrological works.
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Books on the topic "Reference material (RM)"

1

Marchandise, H. Characterisation of corundum (RM 300) and mullite (RM 301) as reference materials for X-ray diffraction analyses. Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities, 1985.

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2

Gould, B. J. The Determination of HbA1c (Glycated Haemoglobin) in a Human Haemolysate Reference Material: RM 405. European Communities / Union (EUR-OP/OOPEC/OPOCE), 1993.

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Quevauviller, Ph. Tributyltin in Harbour Sediment (RM 424): Report of Analysis: BCR Information: BCR Information [series]: Reference Materials. European Communities / Union (EUR-OP/OOPEC/OPOCE), 1994.

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Conference papers on the topic "Reference material (RM)"

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Postek, Michael T., András E. Vladár, William Keery, Michael Bishop, Benjamin Bunday, and John Allgair. "NEW scanning electron microscope magnification calibration reference material (RM) 8820." In Scanning Microscopy 2010, edited by Michael T. Postek, Dale E. Newbury, S. Frank Platek, and David C. Joy. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.859118.

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Postek, Michael T., Andras E. Vladar, William Keery, Michael Bishop, Benjamin Bunday, and John Allgair. "Reference material (RM) 8820: a versatile new NIST standard for nanometrology." In SPIE Advanced Lithography, edited by Christopher J. Raymond. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.848037.

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Postek, Michael T., András E. Vladar, William Keery, Michael Bishop, Benjamin Bunday, and John Allgair. "Multipurpose instrument calibration standard for particle beam, scanned probe and optical microscopy: NIST reference material (RM) 8820." In SPIE NanoScience + Engineering, edited by Michael T. Postek. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.861595.

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Chen, Yi-Ting. "Introduction to Statistical Methods for Outlier Detection and Sample Homogeneity Assessment of Reference Materials and Proficiency Test Items." In NCSL International Workshop & Symposium. NCSL International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51843/wsproceedings.2021.15.

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Due to the homogeneity of the product or sample, it will affect whether it meets the scope of application and purpose. For example, the reference materials(RM) produced by the reference material producer(RMP), and the proficiency test items selected by the proficiency testing provider(PTP), in order to ensure the reference materials or proficiency test items have consistent characteristics or comparability, they should be proved to have certain homogeneity. However, before performing homogeneity assessment, it is necessary to measure the characteristic parameters of the reference materials or proficiency test items to obtain a sufficient number of measured values for data analysis, but there may be outliers in the measured values that may affect data analysis and interpretation of the results. Therefore, this article will refer to ASTM E178-16a:2016[1], ISO 5725-2:1994[2], ISO 13528:2015[3], etc., to introduce several outlier detection and homogeneity assessment methods, supplemented by case studies. Finally, this article will remind the precautions for the use of the method, so that readers can choose the appropriate method for use in the actual analysis.
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KovářÍk, Ondřej, Jaroslav Čech, Jan Cizek, Jakub Klečka, and Michal Hajíček. "Mechanical and Fatigue Properties of Tungsten Heavy Alloy Prepared by RF-Plasma." In ITSC2021, edited by F. Azarmi, X. Chen, J. Cizek, C. Cojocaru, B. Jodoin, H. Koivuluoto, Y. C. Lau, et al. ASM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2021p0115.

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Abstract Tungsten heavy alloy (WHA) of W-Ni composition was deposited from a blend of standard thermal spray powders using radio frequency inductively coupled plasma torch (RF-ICP) in a protective atmosphere. The deposit (RF WHA) contained a fully developed WHA structure; i.e.; spherical W particles embedded in a Ni-rich matrix. The bending tensile strength Rm; bending yield strength Rp;0.2; and elastic modulus of the deposit were compared with two W-Ni-Co references fabricated by powder metallurgy (PM WHA) via sintered and quenched (PMSQ); and forged and annealed (PM-FA). While the RF deposit properties are comparable with the PM-SQ reference; the PMFA exhibited higher mechanical properties. The deposit showed very limited ductility A < 3%. The fatigue crack growth rate in the deposit measured in bending (R < -1) was comparable to the PM-SQ reference material in the near-threshold region whereas the forged PM-FA had significantly better fatigue performance. In the near-threshold fatigue regime; the crack growth took place in the Ni-rich matrix. In the Paris regime; the similar fracture mode was observed; with the exception of PM-SQ; where the tungsten particles fracture contributed significantly. The static failure was exclusively trans-particle in RF WHA; while both PM WHAs failed by a mix of ductile matrix failure and trans-particle cleavage fracture. The fracture toughness of the deposit was significantly lower than the references. These early results indicate that RF-plasma spray is a suitable and efficient manufacturing method for production of WHA materials; however with limited mechanical properties in some aspects.
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Cassard, Janet, Jon Geist, Michael Gaitan, and David G. Seiler. "The MEMS 5-in-1 Reference Materials (RM 8096 and 8097)." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Microelectronic Test Structures (ICMTS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmts.2012.6190649.

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Reports on the topic "Reference material (RM)"

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Postek, Michael T., Andras E. Vladar, Bin Ming, and Benjamin Bunday. Documentation for Reference Material (RM) 8820 : A Versatile, Multipurpose Dimensional Metrology Calibration Standard for Scanned Particle Beam, Scanned Probe and Optical Microscopy. National Institute of Standards and Technology, March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.1170.

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Ellisor, Debra L., Benjamin Place, Melissa Phillips, and James Yen. Analysis of Seafood Reference Materials: RM 8256, RM 8257, RM 8258 and RM 8259, Wild-Caught Coho Salmon (RM 8256), Aquacultured Coho Salmon (RM 8257), Wild-Caught Shrimp (RM 8258), Aquacultured Shrimp (RM 8259). National Institute of Standards and Technology, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.260-214.

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Ellisor, Debra L., Benjamin Place, Melissa Phillips, and James Yen. Analysis of Seafood Reference Materials: RM 8256, RM 8257, RM 8258 and RM 8259, Wild-Caught Coho Salmon (RM 8256), Aquacultured Coho Salmon (RM 8257), Wild-Caught Shrimp (RM 8258), Aquacultured Shrimp (RM 8259). National Institute of Standards and Technology, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.260-14.

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Cassard, Janet M., Jon Geist, Theodore V. Vorburger, David T. Read, Michael Gaitan, and David G. Seiler. Standard Reference Materials(R) User's Guide for RM 8096 and 8097: The MEMS 5-in-1, 2013 Edition. National Institute of Standards and Technology, February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.260-177.

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Possolo, Antonio. Identification of Seafood Reference Materials using Next-Generation DNA Sequencing, and evaluation of the associated uncertainty, for NIST RM 8256 Wild-Caught Coho Salmon and for RM 8257 Aquacultured Coho Salmon. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.260-236.

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