Academic literature on the topic 'REDUCTION OF PERSONAL ACHIEVEMENTS'
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Journal articles on the topic "REDUCTION OF PERSONAL ACHIEVEMENTS"
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Shurukhina, G. A., A. R. Biktagirova, and T. S. Chuykova. "How responsibility professional burnout inlay enforcement staff." SHS Web of Conferences 87 (2020): 00034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20208700034.
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The article presents the empirical study results of how responsibility effects professional burnout in law enforcement staff. The responsibility was studied in line with the systemic functional approach to the personality traits study by A.I. Krupnov with regard to eight components and sixteen variables. The study involved law enforcement staff who have service experience of up to five and more years. The findings allowed us to determine professional burnout reasons in staff with shorter service experience. They are influenced by responsibility variables characterized by personal motivation focus (self-centeredness), activity (energy), external control locus (externality) - Psychoemotional Exhaustion scale, avoiding responsible decisions (anergy) - Depersonalization scale, personally centered goals and personal difficulties (personally meaningful goals and personal difficulties) - Personal Achievements Reduction scale. The professional burnout of the staff with service experience of more than five years are influenced by responsibility variables such as energy and asteness (activity and negative emotions) - correlation with the Psychoemotional Exhaustion scale, subjectivity - with the Depersonalization scale, personally centered goals (personally meaningful goals), personal difficulties variable - with the Personal Achievements Reduction scale. The self-centeredness and externality (personally centered motivation and external control locus) variables show how responsibility effects professional burnout in shorter experienced staff. These variables affect psychoemotional exhaustion. Whereas the staff who have service experience of more than five years are emotionally exhausted by negative emotions increase (asteness)when implementing the responsibility. Based on the research findings, recommendations were made to prevent professional burnout and harmonize responsibility as a personality trait.
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Polyakova, O. B. "Specificity of Students’ Emotional Exhaustion in the Context of Online Learning." Uchenye Zapiski RGSU 19, no. 4 (December 29, 2020): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17922/2071-5323-2020-19-4-17-24.
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in the article the specificity of emotional exhaustion of students in the conditions of online learning, characterized by an average level of emotional exhaustion, determined by: high reduction changes in educational and professional motivation; higher than the average degree of reduction changes in educational achievements; medium: exhaustion in the emotional sphere, exhaustion of a psychoemotional nature, distance from personal training, inadequate selective emotional response, reduction changes in the duties of the educational and professional type, resistance (resistance) to stress factors of online learning; below the average degree: disorientation of an emotional and moral nature, depersonalization processes, a deficit of emotional manifestations, exhaustion, tension, disorders of the psychosomatic and psychovegetative spectra, detachment of the personal plan, detachment of the emotional plan, experiencing circumstances of a traumatic nature, anxiety-depressive symptoms, saving emotions of the extended spectrum; low: personal dissatisfaction and the state of depression
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Pylypenko, N., and O. Sydorenko. "ANALYSIS OF RELATIONSHIPS OF EMOTIONAL BURN OUT FEATURES AND INDICATORS OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AMONG MEDICAL WORKERS." Клінічна та профілактична медицина 3, no. 17 (October 29, 2021): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31612/2616-4868.3(17).2021.06.
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Purpose - the aim of this article is to present the results of a statistical analysis of the relationship between the features of emotional burnout and indicators of emotional intelligence among medical workers.
Material and methods - 4 groups of respondents (110 medical workers) took part in the study: surgical doctors, therapeutic doctors, surgical nurses, therapeutic nurses. Evaluation of the features of emotional burnout and emotional intelligence was carried out using diagnostic methods of emotional burnout (V.Boyko), the questionnaire of emotional burnout by K. Maslach and S. Jackson (adaptation by N. Vodopyanova) and the method of emotional intelligence (N. Hall).
The study consisted of two stages. The purpose of the first stage was to determine the level and characteristics of the manifestation of emotional burnout of medical workers according to the following symptoms: (emotional exhaustion; depersonalization; reduction of personal achievements; "stress" (experiencing traumatic circumstances, dissatisfaction with oneself, caged, anxiety and depression); "resistance" (inadequate selective emotional response, emotional and moral disorientation, expansion of the sphere of saving emotions, reduction of professional duties); "exhaustion" (emotional deficit, emotional detachment, psychosomatic and psychovegetative disorders). The level of manifestation of emotional intelligence of medical workers was also assessed according to the following indicators: emotional awareness, emotion management, self-motivation, empathy, recognition of other people's emotions The second stage of the study was aimed at determining the characteristics of the relationship of individual indicators of emotional benefit screaming with specific indicators of the emotional intelligence of health care workers. Mathematical processing of the research results was carried out using Spearman's correlation coefficient by means of the SPSS 17 computer program.
Results and discussion. The results of our research have shown that: 1) the overwhelming majority of the test subjects have high and medium levels of reduction of personal achievements, and such a phase of emotional burnout as resistance” (inadequate selective emotional response, emotional and moral disorientation, expansion of the sphere of economy of emotions, reduction of professional duties); 2) half of respondents have high and medium levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization; 3) a quarter of the respondents formed such a phase of emotional burnout as “exhaustion” (emotional deficit, emotional and personal detachment, psychosomatic and psychovegetative disorders). The following levels of development of emotional intelligence were revealed in different groups of medical workers: a) high and medium - among doctors of a surgical profile and doctors of a therapeutic profile; medium - for surgical nurses; low - for therapeutic nurses.
Conclusion. Medical workers with high and medium levels of emotional intelligence have a low level of manifestation of symptoms of emotional burnout (dissatisfaction with oneself; feelings of being caged; anxiety and depression; reduction of professional duties; emotional deficit; personal detachment; psychosomatic and psychovegetative disorders), as well as a low level of development phases of tension, resistance, exhaustion, depersonalization and reduction of personal achievements.
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Polyakova, O. B. "Features of Professional Reflection of Social Workers with Professional Deformations." Contemporary problems of social work 6, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17922/2412-5466-2020-6-2-112-118.
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social workers with professional deformations (high level of emotional exhaustion; higher than the average level of general professional deformations, reduction processes in the field of personal achievements and professional motivation, personal distancing, psycho-emotional exhaustion, depersonalization changes) revealed the following features of professional reflection: below average level of active and reflective types, reflection as a consideration of future activities, reflection of real activity, reflection, communication and interaction with others, self-reflection, reflection system, socio reflection; the average level of introspection, quasi-reflection, general reflection, pragmatism, retrospective reflection of activity, reflexivity, theoretical type
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Lyubimkina, T. A., S. S. Timofeeva, and S. V. Ivanova. "Assessment of professional burnout of media workers." XXI Century. Technosphere Safety 6, no. 4 (January 5, 2022): 369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2500-1582-2021-4-369-378.
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The results of an assessment of professional burnout of media workers are presented. Recommendations on reduction of the burnout syndrome impact are provided. The assessment was conducted using the professional burnout diagnostics method by K. Maslach and S. Jackson adapted by N.E. Vodopyanova. The burnout syndrome is considered to be a three-dimensional component consisting of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal achievement reduction. The study involved Irkutsk regional newspapers, radio broadcasting, television and Internet media. A total of 155 people participated were surveyed: 113 females and 42 males. Most of them suffer from the professional burnout syndrome. To verify the results obtained, age and work experience were taken into account. According to the results obtained, the degree of depersonalization increases with aging. The longer the participant works, the stronger the depersonalization component. The personal achievement reduction also depends on these components. The younger the editorial staff member and the shorter his/her work experience, the stronger the negative self-esteem, underestimation of own professional achievements and success. Conversely, the more mature the journalist is, the more positively he evaluates his professional competence and creativity. At the same time, emotional exhaustion manifests itself in all respondents, regardless of their age: in two studies, the average and high degrees were revealed. It is this component that makes a contribution to the professional burnout of journalists. To reduce the impact of the syndrome, a set of preventive measures has been developed. They can prevent economic and resource losses, and increase labor productivity. The methods of preventing professional burnout are aimed at preventing emotional exhaustion, and in extreme cases - at relieving negative symptoms and combating negative consequences. They can improve productivity of media workers and reduce psychosocial risks.
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Shishkova, A. M., V. V. Bocharov, O. Y. Strizhitskaya, and A. Ja Vuks. "Psychometric Properties of the «Level Of Relatives’ Emotional Burnout» Questionnaire." Консультативная психология и психотерапия 29, no. 2 (2021): 100–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpp.2021290205.
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Psychometric properties of “The Level of Relatives’ Emotional Burnout” measure (LREB) based on a sample of 297 chemically addicted patients’ relatives are presented. The assessment tool was developed with regard to the field of application — the interaction of family members. Along with the classical burnout symptoms (exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal achievements reduction), LREB makes it possible to evaluate aspects of the informal caregivers’ personal activity (in particular, dedication, self-efficacy in the treatment of the ill relative), which potentially protect from burnout as a result of taking care for the chronically ill relative. The analysis revealed good psychometric characteristics of the LREB in terms of reliability, internal structural, convergent and divergent validity.
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Dovzhik, L. M., K. A. Bochaver, S. I. Reznichenko, and D. V. Bondarev. "Sport Coaches Burnout as a Threat to Professional Success, Mental Health and Well-Being." Клиническая и специальная психология 10, no. 4 (2021): 24–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2021100402.
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The article explores motivational and personality predictors of burnout syndrome in sports coaches. The study involved 183 sports coaches of 20–63 years old (86.9% women; M=41.34±10.56 years), with professional experience for 13.83±9.98 years. Three components of professional burnout ― Emotional exhaustion, Depersonification and Reduction of professional achievements ― were measured with the adapted Maslach professional burnout inventory (Vodopyanova, et al 2008). Motivational aspects were measured with the adapted Ryan and Connell Professional Motivation inventory (Osin et al, 2017). Personal resources ― stress resistance, authenticity and coping strategies ― were measured with the adapted Connor-Davidson Stress Resilience Scale (Nartova-Bochaver et al., 2021), the Moscow Authenticity Scale (Reznichenko et al., 2021) and the adapted Proactive Coping Questionnaire adapted (Belinskaya et al, 2018). The results showed that amotivation and external motives of professional activity are linked positively and internal motivation linked negatively to professional burnout. Furthermore, the links between the types of motivation and the components of burnout in different combinations are mediated by stress resistance, authenticity, and coping skills that prevent burnout. The strongest link of motivation and personal resources was revealed for the Reduction of professional achievements; the weakest link was in the context of Depersonification of a sports coach. Burnout was also positively linked to age and negatively to coaches' experience. The data obtained can be used to form preventive interventions that reduce the burnout of coaches and increase their professional performance, mental health and subjective well-being.
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Nagovitsyn, R. S., A. A. Miroshnichenko, D. R. Merzlyakova, and G. Z. Faizullina. "Interrelation of mental "burn out" level and psychological health in athletes with different qualification." Physical education of students 22, no. 6 (December 25, 2018): 327–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2018.0608.
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Purpose: to reveal features of psychological health and characteristics of personal development and mental "burn out" of athletes with different qualification. Material: the comparative analysis of mental expression of "burn out" in samples of athletes with different qualification (n=187). We tested men (n=110) and women (n=77) aged from 15 up to 29 years old. Athletes represented the following kinds of sport: boxing, fight, basketball, gymnastics, swimming, volleyball. They were divided into 2 groups: high qualification (Candidates and Masters of Sports, n=89) and low qualification (n=98). Results: it is observed a lot of positive correlation interrelations between indicators of psychological health and mental "burn out" of athletes. In the group of high qualification athletes, the indicators of psychological health are connected with reduction of achievement feeling and depreciation of achievements. In the group of low qualification athletes they were mainly connected with reduction of achievement feeling. The high qualification athletes are more subject to mental "burn out". It is connected with higher psychophysiological loads. These athletes are more inclined to creativity, humanity, are more intellectually developed. For low qualification athletes, the family sphere of life is more important. Conclusions: the received results testify to need of psychological support of training of athletes with different qualification to prevention and correction of mental "burn out" and maintenance of psychological health.
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Biletskyi, Pavel, Nataliya Zavatska, Yuliia Bokhonkova, Elena Fedorova, and Anatoliy Zhurba. "The problem of personal destruction and professional health care in the modern society." Теоретичні і прикладні проблеми психології, no. 3(50)T1 (2019): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33216/2219-2654-2019-50-3-1-106-113.
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The article shows that under the personal destructions understand the pathological process of destruction of the structure of the individual or its individual elements. Personal destructions include such formations of the human psyche that create barriers in its contacts with others and thus complicate the realization of their own goals. The main types of destructive changes in personality include pathological deformation of personal needs and motives, destructive changes in character and temperament, violations of volitional regulation of behavior, systems of interpersonal relationships, formation of inadequate self-esteem. Among the leading forms of personal destruction are partial and deep personal destruction, as well as temporary (transient), with the subsequent restoration of the functioning of all structural components of the personality, and progressive (irreversible), followed by a personal defect. It is established that personal destructions can be as a result of self-destructive activity of the person, as well as purposeful external influence, or as a result of psycho-traumatic and crisis situations, in particular loss of a person's disability. The negative (crisis) type of personal attitude of the examinees to the situation of temporary disability is defined, which distinguishes the unpreparedness for its adoption, consideration of the existing conditions as crisis with distortion of life plans and prospects, and the adaptive (constructive) type, with adequate assessment of the current situation adoption, formation of an adaptive model of behavior. It is established that the determinants of personal destruction are social and psychological characteristics that cause negative changes in the cognitive, emotional, semantic and communicative spheres of personality. As indicators of the destruction of the cognitive sphere of the personality are rigidity, limited thinking and conservatism; emotional sphere - psycho-emotional exhaustion, emotional instability; the semantic sphere - reduction of personal achievements, insufficient cognitive activity, the communicative sphere - social distance, reduction of interpersonal contacts, seclusion and self-centeredness.
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Кисляк, Сергей Юрьевич, Елена Анатольевна Ханина, Ирина Сергеевна Добрынина, Анна Александровна Зуйкова, and Марина Николаевна Муравицкая. "BURNOUT SYNDROME IN OUTPATIENT HEALTH CARE WORKERS." СИСТЕМНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ В БИОМЕДИЦИНСКИХ СИСТЕМАХ, no. 2 (July 26, 2021): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2021.20.2.018.
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В данной научной работе проводилось выявление и распространение эмоционального выгорания, психического истощения, деперсонализации, у врачей и младшего медицинского персонала (медицинских сестер) на амбулаторно-поликлиническом этапе. Исследование проводилось с помощью опросника MBI (Maslach Burnout Inventory) в русскоязычной адаптации Н.Е. Водопьяновой и Е.С. Старченковой. Осуществлялся анализ зависимости синдрома эмоционального выгорания от стажа работы обследуемых. Исследовались наиболее значимые внешние и внутренние факторы, провоцирующие синдром эмоционального выгорания у медицинского персонала. В ходе исследовательской работы было определено, что у половины медицинских работников преобладает средний уровень синдрома эмоционального выгорания, у большинства респондентов преобладает средний уровень профессионального выгорания, средний уровень деперсонализации и низкий уровень редукции личных достижений, с увеличением стажа работы происходит увеличение уровня эмоционального выгорания, у врачей наиболее распространен средний уровень психоэмоционального истощения, деперсонализации и редукции личных достижений, у среднего медицинского персонала - низкий уровень психоэмоционального истощения, деперсонализации и редукции личных достижений. Средний уровень эмоционального выгорания более высокий у медицинских сестер, по сравнению с врачами. Наиболее значимым внешним фактором, провоцирующим синдром эмоционального выгорания, у медицинских работников является дестабилизирующая организация деятельности, у 90% медицинских работников присутствует интенсивное восприятие и переживание обстоятельств профессиональной деятельности, 75% склонны к эмоциональной ригидности. У 46% респондентов слабая мотивация эмоциональной отдачи в профессиональной деятельности и 10% имеют нравственные дефекты личности In this scientific work, the identification and dissemination of emotional burnout, mental exhaustion, depersonalization, among doctors and junior medical personnel (nurses) at the outpatient stage was carried out. The study was conducted using the MBI questionnaire (Maslach Burnout Inventory) in the Russian-language adaptation by N. E. Vodopyanova and E. S. Starchenkova. The analysis of the dependence of the burnout syndrome on the work experience of the subjects was carried out. The most significant external and internal factors provoking the burnout syndrome in medical personnel were studied. During the research it was determined that half of the health workers is dominated by the average level of burnout, the majority of respondents is dominated by the average level of professional burnout, the average level of depersonalization, and a low level of reduction of personal achievements, with increasing experience, there is an increase in the level of burnout among physicians is most common, the average level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduction of personal achievement, the average medical personnel - low level of psychoemotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduction of personal achievements. The average level of emotional burnout is higher in nurses, compared to doctors. The most significant external factor that provokes the burnout syndrome in medical workers is the destabilizing organization of activities, 90% of medical workers have an intense perception and experience of the circumstances of their professional activities, 75% are prone to emotional rigidity. 46% of respondents have a weak motivation for emotional return in their professional activities and 10% have moral personality defects
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "REDUCTION OF PERSONAL ACHIEVEMENTS"
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Погуляй, Д. В., and В. М. Тимошик. "Профілактика професійного вигорання фізичних реабілітологів." Thesis, Чернігів, 2020. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/21155.
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Погуляй, Д. В. Профілактика професійного вигорання фізичних реабілітологів : магістерська робота : 231 Соціальна робота / Д. В. Погуляй, В. М. Тимошик ; керівник роботи Ємець Н. А. ; Національний університет «Чернігівська політехніка», кафедра креативних індустрій та соціальних інновацій. – Чернігів, 2020. – 94 с.Інформаційна трансформація, що властива ХХІ століттю, та активізація соціально-економічних, політичних, морально-духовних стандартів суспільства, яке становить перед спеціалістом різноманітні проблеми. Одна з таких проблем - це вибір професії для особистості, самостановлення та самоактуалізація. Від його свідомого вибору залежить не тільки професійне становлення, а й фізичне та психо-емоційне здоров’я та досягнення осо бистістю вершин «акме». Психологічне благополуччя та емоційне здоров’я спеціаліста є одним із базових чинників професійної діяльності, а цілісне фізичне та моральне здоров’я – основною передумовою професійної самореалізації та самоактуалізації, все це обумовило вибір теми дослідження: «Профілактика професійного вигорання фізичних реабілітологів». У розділі 1 досліджуються теоретичні підходи на проблематику формування професійного вигорання та підходи до його вивчення, здійснюється аналіз поняття синдрому «професійного вигорання» та соціально-психологічні особливості професійного вигорання фізичних реабілітологів його структура, характеристика та фази формування, визначається взаємозалежність особистісних якостей реабілітологів та факторів що спричиняють виникнення синдрому «професійного вигорання». В розділі 2 проводиться дослідження особливостей прояву симптомів професійного вигорання серед фізичних реабілітологів. В розділі 3 здійснюється організація та методологія дослідження синдрому професійного вигорання у професійних масажистів. В розділі 4 визначаєються соціально-психологічні напрями профілактики та подолання проявів синдрому професійного вигорання та пропонується структурно-функціональної програми щодо попередження симптомів професійного вигорання фізичних реабілітологів.
Information transformation, which is characteristic of the XXI century, and the activation of socio-economic, political, moral and spiritual standards of society, which poses a variety of problems for the specialist. One of such problems is the choice of profession for the individual, self-formation and self-actualization. Not only professional development but also physical and psycho-emotional health and personal achievement of acme peaks depend on his conscious choice. The psychological well-being and emotional health of a specialist is one of the basic factors of professional activity, and holistic physical and moral health - the main prerequisite for professional self-realization and self-actualization, all this led to the choice of research topic: «The prevention of the professional burnout of the physical rehabilitation therapists». Section 1 examines the theoretical approaches to the formation of burnout and approaches to its study, analyzes the concept of «burnout» and socio-psychological features of burnout of physical rehabilitators, its structure, characteristics and phases of formation, determines the interdependence of personal qualities of rehabilitators and factors cause the syndrome of «professional burnout». Section 2 examines the study of the peculiarities of the symptoms of burnout among physical rehabilitation specialists. Section 3 provides the organization and methodology of the study of burnout in professional masseurs. Section 4 identifies the socio-psychological areas of prevention and overcoming the manifestations of burnout and proposes a structural and functional program to prevent the symptoms of burnout of physical rehabilitation.
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Калякин, С. В., and S. V. Kalyakin. "Исследование эмоционального выгорания юристов различных специальностей : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, б. и, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/100004.
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Объектом исследования явилось эмоциональное выгорание юристов различных специальностей. Предметом исследования стала различия в особенностях эмоционального выгорания юристов различных специальностей. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (75 источников) и приложения, включающего в себя бланки применявшихся методик. Объем магистерской диссертации 78 страниц, на которых размещены 10 рисунков. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются основная и дополнительные гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по теме понятия эмоционального выгорания в психической литературе. Представлены разделы, посвященные исследованию причин и факторов эмоционального выгорания, специфика труда юристов различных специальностей. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методикам: тесту «Диагностика профессионального выгорания» К. Маслач, Тест-опросник «Определение уровня самооценки» С.В. Ковалев, «Диагностика уровня эмпатии» И.М. Юсупов. Также в главе представлен корреляционный и сравнительный анализ результатов исследования. Выводы по главе 2 включают в себя основные результаты эмпирического исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам, обоснована практическая значимость исследования и описаны возможные перспективы дальнейшей разработки данной проблематики.The object of the study was the emotional burnout of lawyers of various specialties. The subject of the study was the differences in the features of emotional burnout of lawyers of different specialties. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of references (75 sources) and an appendix, which includes forms of the applied methods. The volume of the master's thesis is 78 pages, on which 10 drawings are placed. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the development of the problem, sets the goal and objectives of the research, defines the object and subject of the research, formulates the main and additional hypotheses, specifies the methods and empirical base, as well as the stages of the research, scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic literature on the topic of the concept of emotional burnout in mental literature. The sections devoted to the study of the causes and factors of emotional burnout, the specifics of the work of lawyers of various specialties are presented. The conclusions of the first chapter are the results of the study of the theoretical material. The second chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the study. It describes the organization and methods of the study and the results obtained by all the methods used: the test "Diagnosis of professional burnout" K. Maslach, the test-questionnaire "Determination of the level of self-esteem" S. V. Kovalev, "Diagnosis of the level of empathy" I. M. Yusupov. The chapter also presents a correlation and comparative analysis of the results of the study. The conclusions of chapter 2 include the main results of the empirical study. In conclusion, the results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work, as well as conclusions on the hypotheses put forward, are summarized, the practical significance of the study is justified and possible prospects for further development of this problem are described.
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Mazhindu, Godfrey N. "Professional achievements in nurse education and training : a study of the personal constructs used to assess student nurses' professional achievements." Thesis, University of Reading, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282547.
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Atkinson, Shirley. "Risk reduction through technological control of personal information." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2135.
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Abuse and harm to individuals, through harassment and bullying, coexist with Identity Theft as criminal behaviours supported by the ready availability of personal information. Incorporating privacy protection measures into software design requires a thorough understanding about how an individual's privacy is affected by Internet technologies. This research set out to incorporate such an understanding by examining privacy risks for two groups of individuals, for whom privacy was an important issue, domestic abuse survivors and teenagers. The purpose was to examine the reality of the privacy risks for these two groups. This research combined a number of approaches underpinned by a selection of foundation theories from four separate domains: software engineering; information systems; social science; and criminal behaviour. Semi-structured interviews, focus groups, workshops and questionnaires gathered information from managers of refuges and outreach workers from Women's Aid; representatives from probation and police domestic violence units; and teenagers. The findings from these first interactions provided specific examples of risks posed to the two groups. These findings demonstrated that there was a need for a selection of protection mechanisms that promoted awareness of the potential risk among vulnerable individuals. Emerging from these findings were a set of concepts that formed the basis of a novel taxonomy of threat framework designed to assist in risk assessment. To demonstrate the crossover between understanding the social environment and the use of technology, the taxonomy of threat was incorporated into a novel Vulnerability Assessment Framework, which in turn provided a basis for an extension to standard browser technology. A proof-of-concept prototype was implemented by creating an Internet Explorer 7.0 browser helper object. The prototype also made use of the Semantic Web protocols of Resource Description Framework and the Web Ontology Language for simple data storage and reasoning. The purpose of this combination was to demonstrate how the environment in which the individual primarily interacted with the Internet could be adapted to provide awareness of the potential risk, and to enable the individual to take steps to reduce that risk. Representatives of the user-groups were consulted for evaluation of the acceptability of the prototype approach. The favourable ratings given by the respondents demonstrated the acceptability of such an approach to monitoring personal information, with the provision that control remained with the individual. The evaluation exercise also demonstrated how the prototype would serve as a useful tool to make individuals aware of the dangers. The novel contribution of this research contains four facets: it advances understanding of privacy protection for the individual; illustrates an effective combination of methodology frameworks to address the complex issue of privacy; provides a framework for risk assessment through the taxonomy of threat; and demonstrates the novel vulnerability assessment framework through a proof-of-concept prototype.
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Lichtenberg, Rose, Patricia Guimarães, and Heleen Podsedkowska. "Personal Rapid Transit systems for reduction in car dependence Karlskrona case study." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3500.
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This research project is designed to enhance the planning process that can aid authorities moving towards sustainable and economically feasible local and regional mobility systems. The improvements that have been made to transit so far have not been successful in breaking the trend of increasing car traffic and decreasing transit trip making. This means that sustainable mobility is a complex system which also encompasses changing attitudes and behaviours, integrating spatial and energy planning into it, and looking upstream to affect the causes of the problem instead of downstream to just fix its consequences. Environmental impacts (noise, pollution, health problems), accidents and congestion are all by-products of transport activities – they are the so-called external costs – and must be made part of the equation. European guidelines were analysed, as well as the results of many of the European Union‘s mobility research programs. The core of the research analyses how to move Karlskrona municipality‘s mobility system towards its vision of success in the future through the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development – Sustainable Mobility (FSSD-SM). Backcasting from a sustainable vision in the long-term future is central to this process. The Municipality of Karlskrona, in Sweden, is the case study. A sustainability analysis of Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) systems was undertaken to determine the feasability of integrating this modal system into the mobility solution for Karlskrona municipality.
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Turnbull, David J. "Development of an improved shade environment for the reduction of personal UV exposure." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Sciences, 2005. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001519/.
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The research from this project has quantified the solar UV environment beneath and surrounding typical local council public shade structures. The effects of changing seasons, atmospheric conditions, structural modifications and surrounding plant life on diffuse UV have been quantified. Strategies to improve current shade structures, so as to significantly reduce the levels of diffuse UV reaching the human body in the shade, have also been developed. For the shade structures used in this research it was found that ultraviolet protection factors ranged from 1.5 to 18.3 for a decreasing solar zenith angle. Correlations have been found relating diffuse erythemal UV to UV in the shade for clear skies and a changing solar zenith angle. The effect of changing atmospheric ozone levels on diffuse erythemal UV levels has been quantified. UV exposures were assessed for a decrease in scattered UV beneath specific shade structures by the use of two types of protection, namely, side-on polycarbonate sheeting and evergreen vegetation. Broadband radiometric and dosimetric measurements conducted in the shade of a scale model shade structure, during summer and winter, showed significant decreases in exposure of up to 65% for summer and 57% for winter when comparing the use and non-use of polycarbonate sheeting. Measurements conducted in the shade of four shade structures, with various amounts of vegetation blocking different sides, showed that adequate amounts and positioning of vegetation decreased the scattered UV in the shade by up to 89% when compared to the shade structure that had no surrounding vegetation. This research shows that major UV reduction could be achieved by the ‘shade creation and design industry’, and that shade guidelines should be updated as soon as possible.
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Rarick, Michael J., and Ben-z. Lawrence. "Digitally Recorded Data Reduction on a PC Using CAPS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611610.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 30-November 02, 1995 / Riviera Hotel, Las Vegas, NevadaThe Common Airborne Processing System (CAPS) provides a general purpose data reduction capability for digitally recorded telemetry data on a cost-efficient platform. Telemetry data can be imported from a variety of formats into the CAPS standard file format. Parameter dictionaries describing raw data structures and output product descriptions describing the desired outputs can be created and edited from within CAPS. All of this functionality is performed on an IBM compatible personal computer within the framework of the graphical user interface provided by Microsoft Windows.
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Rarick, Michael J., and Ben-z. Lawrence. "Digitally Recorded Data Reduction On a PC Using CAPS 2.0." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611443.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThe Common Airborne Processing System (CAPS) provides a general purpose data reduction capability for digitally recorded data on a PC. PCM or MIL-STD-1553 data can be imported from a variety of sources into the CAPS standard file format. Parameter dictionaries describing raw data structures and output product descriptions describing the desired outputs can be created and edited from within CAPS. All of this functionality is performed on an personal computer within the framework of the graphical user interface provided by Microsoft Windows. CAPS has become the standard for digitally recorded data reduction on a PC at Eglin AFB and many other sites worldwide. New features, such as real-time inputs and graphical outputs, are being added to CAPS to make it an even more productive data reduction tool.
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Schwartz, Steven Michael. "Personality Characteristics and Two Types of Relaxation Associated with Personal Adjustment and Anxiety Reduction." W&M ScholarWorks, 1985. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625324.
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Hunt, Trent W. "Common Airborne Processing System (CAPS) 2.0: Data Reduction Software on a Personal Computer (PC)." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/609756.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 27-30, 1997 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaCAPS 2.0 provides a flexible, PC-based tool for meeting evolving data reduction and analysis requirements while supporting standardization of instrumentation data processing. CAPS 2.0 will accept a variety of data types including raw instrumentation, binary, ASCII, and Internet protocol message data and will output Engineering Unit data to files, static or dynamic plots, and Internet protocol message exchange. Additionally, CAPS 2.0 will input and output data in accordance with the Digital Data Standard. CAPS 2.0 will accept multiple input sources of PCM, MIL-STD-1553, or DDS data to create an output for every Output Product Description and Dictionary grouping specified for a particular Session. All of this functionality is performed on a PC within the framework of the Microsoft Windows 95/NT graphical user interface.
Books on the topic "REDUCTION OF PERSONAL ACHIEVEMENTS"
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Nam, Viện khoa học xã hội Việt. Poverty reduction in Vietnam: Achievements and challenges. Hà Nội, Việt Nam: Vietnam Academy of Social Science, 2011.
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Okurut, Francis Nathan. Microfinance and poverty reduction in Uganda: Achievements and challenges. Kampala, Uganda: Economic Policy Research Centre, 2004.
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Dave, Myers, ed. The personal stress reduction program. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1987.
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Rapid debt-reduction strategies. Hurst, Tex: HIS Pub. Co., 1990.
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Avanzini, John. Rapid debt-reduction strategies. Hurst, Tex: HIS Pub. Co, 1990.
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Tillman, Joseph W. Achievements in source reduction and recycling for ten industries in the United States. Cincinnati, OH: Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1991.
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Tillman, Joseph W. Achievements in source reduction and recycling for ten industries in the United States. Cincinnati, OH: Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1991.
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Tillman, Joseph W. Achievements in source reduction and recycling for ten industries in the United States. Cincinnati, Ohio: Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1991.
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Financial sector reform policies and poverty reduction. Accra, Ghana]: Centre for Policy Analysis, 2003.
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Marzillier, John S. To hell and back: Personal experiences of trauma and how we can recover and move on. London: Robinson, 2012.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "REDUCTION OF PERSONAL ACHIEVEMENTS"
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Teik, Khoo Boo. "Achievements, Limitations and Contradictions." In Developmental Pathways to Poverty Reduction, 251–66. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137267016_8.
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Sinder, Ramil. "Reduction Mastoplasty: Personal Technique." In Breast Surgery, 167–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54115-0_10.
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Souza, Angela Maria Fausto, Paulo Roberto Botica do Rêgo Santos, and Marcio Milman. "Reduction Mastoplasty: Personal Technique." In Breast Surgery, 311–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54115-0_23.
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Kroschel, Kristian, and Martin Heckmann. "Robust Noise Reduction and Echo Cancellation." In Personal Wireless Communications, 249–58. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35526-9_20.
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Liao, I.-En, Shu-Chuan Liao, Kuo-Fong Kao, and Ine-Fei Harn. "A Personal Ontology Model for Library Recommendation System." In Digital Libraries: Achievements, Challenges and Opportunities, 173–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11931584_20.
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Huang, Chengwei, and Jie Liu. "China’s Achievements in Poverty Reduction and Their Global Significance." In Research on the Concept and Practice of Poverty Reduction in China, 1–11. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9519-3_1.
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Klein, Emília Silva, and Joel Araújo Silva. "Reduction Mammaplasty: McKissock’s Technique, a Personal Approach." In Breast Surgery, 339–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54115-0_26.
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Zacher, Judith B. "Extent of Symptoms Preoperatively and Success of Breast Reduction for Symptomatic Macromastia: Personal Experiences." In Mastopexy and Breast Reduction, 29–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89873-3_6.
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Kapustina, L. V. "Digital Footprint Analysis to Develop a Personal Digital Competency-Based Profile." In Current Achievements, Challenges and Digital Chances of Knowledge Based Economy, 591–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47458-4_68.
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de Miranda, José Carlos, and Miriam Fialka. "Reduction Mastoplasty and Mastopexy: Personal Approach Based on Other Techniques." In Breast Surgery, 289–300. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54115-0_21.
Full textConference papers on the topic "REDUCTION OF PERSONAL ACHIEVEMENTS"
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Kovalev, A., and I. Krutskikh. "THE CHANGES IN LABOUR CONDITIONS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AS A FACTOR OF PROFESSIONAL RELIABILITY: THE ECOPHSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS." In Man and Nature: Priorities of Modern Research in the Area of Interaction of Nature and Society. LCC MAKS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2590.s-n_history_2021_44/89-98.
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The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic has led to significant changes in the working conditions of employees of various organizations. Such phenomena as self-isolation, performing work in remote mode have become common. New working conditions, which required the mobilization of personal and physiological resources, put forward new requirements for the adaptive capabilities of the organisms, and had an impact on the severity of professional deformations. The purpose of this study was to study the impact of being in isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic on the level of development of professional deformations in textile holding employees as an indicator of professional reliability. The study was conducted in May 2020, and 229 people participated in it. The following questionnaires were used - "Maslach Burnout Inventory", "Scale of states", "Scale of general procrastination". Results. It was obtained a significant influence of the factor of functioning in isolation mode on the level of severity of components of professional burnout, such as depersonalization (F=11,524, df=2, p<0.001), reduction of personal achievements (F=5,111, df=2, p=0.008), as well as on the level of procrastination (F=3,230, df=2, p=0.044). At the same time, working people in isolation, especially those who previously had experience of remote work, retained generally higher efficiency than those workers who did not have such experience. Conclusions. Thus, the manifestation of professional deformations in the conditions of isolation had a qualitative specificity associated with the presence of experience in remote mode in the past.
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Pacheco de Lima, Arthur, and Priscilla Gonçalves de Azevedo. "Thebenefitsofballetfitnessonthequality oflifeofitspractitioners." In 7th International Congress on Scientific Knowledge. Biológicas & Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25242/8868113820212407.
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BalletFitnessisaphysicalactivitythatincludesclassicballetmovementsassociatedwithaerobic training, which may have gained in muscle hypertrophy. This work aims tounderstandthecontributionofBalletFitness,itsinfluence,andbenefitsforthequalityoflife of its practitioner, in the physical, social and mental aspects. As a methodologicalstrategy, we used a systematic literature review, as well as the analysis of works suchasarticles, dissertations, theses, and course completion papers researched through the term"Ballet Fitness" in Portuguese, between the years 2016 to 2021, in the database: GoogleAcademic, Scielo and BVS. Among the results obtained, it was found that Ballet Fitnesscanbeused topromotethe qualityoflifeofits practitioners,asit isanactivitythathas adirect relationship to personal achievement, through exercises typical of a classic balletclass associated with exercises practiced in gyms. It was possible to conclude that in thephysical aspects, Ballet Fitness provides a significant difference in the results of arm,chest,hipcircumference,increaseddisposition,bodydefinition,weightloss,improvementinphysicalconditioningandendurance,increasedflexibility,improvementin mobility, the enhancement of physical fitness and strength of the lower limbs. In thesocial aspects, the creation of bonds of friendship between the practitioners of BalletFitness was found, and the reason for making people more confident, not only in theclassroomenvironmentbutinsocietyingeneral. Inthementalaspects,itwaspossibletoobserve personal satisfaction through the realization of a dream, which is the practice ofballet through physical activity,reduction in the level of stress, pleasure in the practice,feeling of accomplishment, and, mainly, improvement in self-esteem. And in terms ofquality of life, it was possible to positively observe the perception of individuals abouttheirpositioninthepracticeofBalletFitness,withinthecontextofthecultureandvaluessystems in which it is inserted and in relation to its goals, expectations, standards, andconcerns.
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Daher, Ryan, and Nesma Aldash. "IIOT and Real Time Data Analytics - Maximizing the Impact on Safety and Productivity." In SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205610-ms.
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Abstract With the global push towards Industry 4.0, a number of leading companies and organizations have invested heavily in Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT's) and acquired a massive amount of data. But data without proper analysis that converts it into actionable insights is just more information. With the advancement of Data analytics, machine learning, artificial intelligence, numerous methods can be used to better extract value out of the amassed data from various IIOTs and leverage the analysis to better make decisions impacting efficiency, productivity, optimization and safety. This paper focuses on two case studies- one from upstream and one from downstream using RTLS (Real Time Location Services). Two types of challenges were present: the first one being the identification of the location of all personnel on site in case of emergency and ensuring that all have mustered in a timely fashion hence reducing the time to muster and lessening the risks of Leaving someone behind. The second challenge being the identification of personnel and various contractors, the time they entered in productive or nonproductive areas and time it took to complete various tasks within their crafts while on the job hence accounting for efficiency, productivity and cost reduction. In both case studies, advanced analytics were used, and data collection issues were encountered highlighting the need for further and seamless integration between data, analytics and intelligence is needed. Achievements from both cases were visible increase in productivity and efficiency along with the heightened safety awareness hence lowering the overall risk and liability of the operation. Novel/Additive Information: The results presented from both studies have highlighted other potential applications of the IIOT and its related analytics. Pertinent to COVID-19, new application of such approach was tested in contact tracing identifying workers who could have tested positive and tracing back to personnel that have been in close proximity and contact therefore reducing the spread of COVID. Other application of the IIOT and its related analytics has also been tested in crane, forklift and heavy machinery proximity alert reducing the risk of accidents.
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Pshizova, A. K., N. H. Huazheva, and D. A. Ahmetova. "Social and personal in Tembot Kerashev's story "The Daughter of the Shapsugs"." In Scientific achievements of the third millennium. SPC "LJournal", 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/scienceconf-03-2021-44.
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Rusakova, Tatyana, Tatyana Breusova, Darya Miroshnikova, and Zhanat Batyrkhanova. "PERSONAL ACHIEVEMENTS OF STUDENTS AS A GUIDELINE OF FUTURE TEACHERS TRAINING." In International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2017.0837.
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Naurzalina, Danna, Aliya Tolegenova, Svetlana Doszhanova, Venera Kubiyeva, Ryskul Izmagambetova, and Bibigul Almurzayeva. "Portfolio as a form of an assessment of preschool child' personal achievements." In icCSBs January 2015 The Annual International Conference on Cognitive - Social, and Behavioural Sciences. Cognitive-crcs, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2015.01.15.
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Isaeva, C. A., T. T. Dyusebaev, I. N. Vorontsova, and A. S. Kazhenova. "Personal rights and freedoms: modern aspects of the contents." In IX International symposium «Humanities and Social Sciences in Europe: Achievements and Perspectives». Viena: East West Association GmbH, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.20534/ix-symposium-9-337-346.
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Montgomery, D. C. "COLLABORATIONS IN CONCLUDE CRAMPED DUPLICATE: LOGICAL AFFAIR AND AN APPLICATION TO PERSONAL VOTE-EARNING ATTRIBUTES." In SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE XXI CENTURY: CURRENT ISSUES, DISCOVERIES AND ACHIEVEMENTS - II. INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND CURRENT RESEARCH CONFERENCES, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/iscrc-intconf09-01.
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There is some disarray in political theory, and the sociologies in general ,about the significance and translation of connection impacts in duplicate with non-interval ,non-ordinary result factors. Frequently these terms are nonchalantly tossed into a duplicate pecification without seeing that their essence in a general sense changes the interpretation of the subsequent coefficients. This article clarifies the restrictive idea of reported coefficients in duplicate with associations, characterizing the essentially extraordinary interpretation required by summed up direct duplicate.
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"CONTEXT DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION FOR MOBILE PERSONAL INFORMATION ACCESS." In International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Information Retrieval. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0003688504930498.
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Tihomirova, Neli, and Desislava Atanasova. "ONLINE PORTFOLIO – A TOOL FOR REFLECTING PERSONAL ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE TEACHER AND FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF BLENDED LEARNING." In 14th International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2020.1744.
Full textReports on the topic "REDUCTION OF PERSONAL ACHIEVEMENTS"
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NOORANI, Y. G. Ongoing Achievements in Office of River Protection (DOE-ORP) Authorization Basis Conservatism Reduction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/806008.
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USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fuels planning: science synthesis and integration; social issues fact sheet 02: Developing personal responsibility for fuels reduction: Types of information to encourage proactive behavior. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rn-21-v2.
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USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fuels planning: science synthesis and integration; social issues fact sheet 01: Developing personal responsibility for fuels reduction: Building a successful program to engage property owners. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rn-21-v1.
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USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fuels planning: science synthesis and integration; social issues fact sheet 03: Developing personal responsibility for fuels reduction: More ways to catch and hold people's attention. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rn-21-v3.
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Shahak, Yosepha, and Donald R. Ort. Physiological Bases for Impaired Photosynthetic Performance of Chilling-Sensitive Fruit Trees. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7575278.bard.
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Chilling-sensitivity is an important agricultural problem in both the U.S. and Israel. Most research attention has focused so far on herbaceous crop plants, even though the problem is also acute in the fruit tree industry. Under BARD funding we made substantial progress in identifying the mechanisms involved in the disruption of photosynthesis following a chill in mango. Our investigation with fruit trees has been substantially accelerated by drawing on our knowledge and experience with herbaceous crops. The four original research objectives, focused or discovering the underlying mechanisms of chill-induced inhibition of photosynthesis in fruit trees, and the main achievements are listed below. [1] Separating stomatal from non-stomatal components of chilling on photosynthesis in fruit trees. We found evidence that the dark chill-induced inhibition of photosynthesis in mango was E combination of both stomatal and mesophyll components. [2] Differentiating photo damage from light-induced photo protection of photosystem II (PSII). Dark chilling exacerbate high light photoinhibition, as a result of primary inhibition in the carbor reduction cycle. Nevertheless, in Israeli orchards we observed chronic photoinhibition of PSII photochemistry in the winter. This photo damage was reversible over a few days if sunlight was attenuated with filters or night temperature rose. Practical implications of this finding deserve further investment. Additional achievement was the development of a new biophysical tool to study macro-structural changes of LHCII particles in intact, attached leaves. [3] Determine the role of oxidative stress in the dark-chilling-induced inhibition, with emphasis on oxygen radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation and redox-controlled carbon-cycle enzymes. We found an increase in lipid peroxidation following a dark chill, and partial protective effects or an antioxidant. However, the photoinhibition observed in mango orchards in Israel during the winter did not appear to be a general oxidative stress. [4] Investigate whether chilling interferes with the diurnal and circadian rhythm of gene expression of key photosynthetic proteins as has been shown for chilling-sensitive crop plants. The results indicated that most of the circadian rhythm in photosynthesis was due to reduced lea: internal CO2 concentrations during the subjective night, as a result of rhythmic stomatal closure Chilling-induced interference with circadian timing in mango, does not play the central role in chilling inhibition of photosynthesis that has previously been demonstrated in certain chilling sensitive herbaceous plants. Practical implications of the research achievements are feasible, but require few more years of research.
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Chejanovsky, Nor, and Bruce D. Hammock. Enhancement of Baculoviruses' Insecticidal Potency by Expression of Synergistic Anti-Insect Scorpion Toxins. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7573070.bard.
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The extensive use or non-specific, hazardous, chemical insecticides demands the development of "healthier" alternative means for pest control. Insect-specific, baculoviruses expressing anti-insect toxin genes (from mites or scorpions) demonstrated in laboratory assays and field trials enhanced insecticidal activity and provided some protection from lepidopterous larvae to agricultural plantations. To utilize recombinant baculoviruses as commercial biopesticides in row crop agriculture, further increase in their speed of kill should be achieved and the reduction in crop damage should be comparable to the levels obtained with organic insecticides (the problem). In this project we developed strategies to improve further the efficacy of recombinant baculoviruses which included: I) Synergism among baculoviruses expressing different anti-insect toxins: a) Synergism among two complementary anti-insect scorpion neurotoxins each expressed by a separate recombinant baculovirus, both regulated by the same or a different viral promoter. b) Synergism among two complementary anti-insect scorpion neurotoxins expressed by the same recombinant virus, both regulated by the same or a different viral promoter respectively. The above included two classes of pharmacologically complementary toxins: i) toxins with strictly anti-insect selectivity (excitatory and depressant); ii) toxins with preferential anti-insect activity (anti-insect alpha toxins). c) Synergism among wild type viruses, recombinant baculoviruses and chemicals (insecticides and phytochemicals) II) Identification of more potent toxins against lepidopterous pests for their expression by baculoviruses. Our approach was based on the synergistic effect displayed by the combined application of pairs of anti-insect toxins to blowfly and lepidopterous larvae that resulted in 5 fold increase in their insecticidal activity without apparent increase in their anti-mammal toxicity (toxins LqhIT2 and LqhaIT, LqhIT2 and AaIT, and LqhaIT and AaIT (1). Thus, we developed new concepts and produced a "second generation" of recombinant baculoviruses with enhanced potencies and speeds of kill comparable to classical insecticides. These achievements contribute to make these biopesticides a viable alternative to minimize the use of hazardous chemicals in pest control. Also, our project contributed new tools and model systems to advance the study of insect sodium channels.
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Morkun, Volodymyr, Sergey Semerikov, Svitlana Hryshchenko, Snizhana Zelinska, and Serhii Zelinskyi. Environmental Competence of the Future Mining Engineer in the Process of the Training. Medwell Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1523.
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A holistic solution to the problem of formation of ecological competence of the future engineer requires the definition of its content, structure, place in the system of professional competences, levels of forming and criteria of measurement the rationale for the select on and development of a technique of use of information, communication and learning technologies that promote formation of ecological competence. The study is of interest to environmental competence of future mining engineer as personal education, characterized by acquired in the process of professional preparation professionally oriented environmental knowledge (cognitive criterion), learned the ways of securing environmentally safe mining works (praxiological criterion) in the interests of sustainable development (axiological criterion) and is formed by the qualities of socially responsible environmental behavior (social-behavioral criterion) and consists of the following components: understanding and perception of ethical norms of behaviour towards other people and towards nature (the principles of bioethics); ecological literacy; possession of basic information on the ecology necessary for usage in professional activity the ability to use scientific laws and methods in evaluating the environment to participate in environmental works to cany out ecological analysis of activities in the area industrial activities to develop action plans for the reduction of the anthropogenic impact on the environment; ability to ensure environmentally balanced activities, possession of methods of rational and integrated development georesource potential of the subsoil.
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Prusky, Dov, Nancy P. Keller, and Amir Sherman. global regulation of mycotoxin accumulation during pathogenicity of Penicillium expansum in postharvest fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600012.bard.
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Background to the topic- Penicilliumas a postharvest pathogen and producer of the mycotoxin PAT. Penicilliumspp. are destructive phytopathogens, capable of causing decay in many deciduous fruits, during postharvest handling and storage; and the resulting losses can amount to 10% of the stored produce and the accumulation of large amounts of the mycotoxinpatulin. The overall goal of this proposal is to identify critical host and pathogen factors that modulate P. expansummycotoxin genes and pathways which are required for PAT production and virulence. Our preliminary results indicated that gluconic acid are strongly affecting patulin accumulation during colonization. P. expansumacidifies apple fruit tissue during colonization in part through secretion of gluconic acid (GLA). Several publications suggested that GLA accumulation is an essential factor in P. expansumpathogenicity. Furthermore, down regulation of GOX2 significantly reduced PAT accumulation and pathogenicity. PAT is a polyketide and its biosynthesis pathway includes a 15-gene cluster. LaeA is a global regulator of mycotoxin synthesis. It is now known that patulin synthesis might be subjected to LaeA and sometimes by environmental sensing global regulatory factors including the carbon catabolite repressor CreA as well as the pH regulator factor PacC and nitrogen regulator AreA. The mechanisms by which LaeA regulates patulin synthesis was not fully known and was part of our work. Furthermore, the regulatory system that controls gene expression in accordance with ambient pH was also included in our work. PacC protein is in an inactive conformation and is unable to bind to the promoter sites of the target genes; however, under alkaline growth conditions activated PacC acts as both an activator of alkaline-expressed genes and a repressor of acid-expressed genes. The aims of the project- This project aims to provide new insights on the roles of LaeA and PacC and their signaling pathways that lead to GLA and PAT biosynthesis and pathogenicity on the host. Specifically, our specific aims were: i) To elucidate the mechanism of pH-controlled regulation of GLA and PAT, and their contribution to pathogenesis of P. expansum. We are interested to understanding how pH and/or GLA impact/s under PacC regulation affect PAT production and pathogenesis. ii) To characterize the role of LaeA, the global regulator of mycotoxin production, and its effect on PAT and PacC activity. iii) To identify the signaling pathways leading to GLA and PAT synthesis. Using state- of-the-art RNAseq technologies, we will interrogate the transcriptomes of laeAand pacCmutants, to identify the common signaling pathways regulating synthesis of both GLA and PAT. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements- In our first Aim our results demonstrated that ammonia secreted at the leading edge of the fungal colony induced transcript activation of the global pH modulator PacC and PAT accumulation in the presence of GLA. We assessed these parameters by: (i) direct exogenous treatment of P. expansumgrowing on solid medium; (ii) direct exogenous treatment on colonized apple tissue; (iii) growth under self-ammonia production conditions with limited carbon; and (iv) analysis of the transcriptional response to ammonia of the PAT biosynthesis cluster. Ammonia induced PAT accumulation concurrently with the transcript activation of pacCand PAT biosynthesis cluster genes, indicating the regulatory effect of ammonia on pacCtranscript expression under acidic conditions. Transcriptomic analysis of pH regulated processes showed that important genes and BARD Report - Project 4773 Page 2 of 10 functionalities of P. expansumwere controlled by environmental pH. The differential expression patterns of genes belonging to the same gene family suggest that genes were selectively activated according to their optimal environmental conditions to enable the fungus to cope with varying conditions and to make optimal use of available enzymes. Concerning the second and third Aims, we demonstrated that LaeA regulates several secondary metabolite genes, including the PAT gene cluster and concomitant PAT synthesis invitro. Virulence studies of ΔlaeAmutants of two geographically distant P. expansumisolates (Pe-21 from Israel and Pe-T01 from China) showed differential reduction in disease severity in freshly harvested fruit ranging from no reduction for Ch-Pe-T01 strains in immature fruit to 15–25% reduction for both strains in mature fruit, with the ΔlaeAstrains of Is-Pe-21 always showing a greater loss in virulence. Results suggest the importance of LaeA regulation of PAT and other secondary metabolites on pathogenicity. Our work also characterized for the first time the role of sucrose, a key nutritional factor present in apple fruit, as a negative regulator of laeAexpression and consequent PAT production in vitro. This is the first report of sugar regulation of laeAexpression, suggesting that its expression may be subject to catabolite repression by CreA. Some, but not all of the 54 secondary metabolite backbone genes in the P. expansumgenome, including the PAT polyketide backbone gene, were found to be regulated by LaeA. Together, these findings enable for the first time a straight analysis of a host factor that potentially activates laeAand subsequent PAT synthesis.
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Lichter, Amnon, Joseph L. Smilanick, Dennis A. Margosan, and Susan Lurie. Ethanol for postharvest decay control of table grapes: application and mode of action. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7587217.bard.
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Original objectives: Dipping of table grapes in ethanol was determined to be an effective measure to control postharvest gray mold infection caused by Botrytis cinerea. Our objectives were to study the effects of ethanol on B.cinerea and table grapes and to conduct research that will facilitate the implementation of this treatment. Background: Botrytis cinerea is known as the major pathogen of table grapes in cold storage. To date, the only commercial technology to control it relied on sulfur dioxide (SO₂) implemented by either fumigation of storage facilities or from slow release generator pads which are positioned directly over the fruits. This treatment is very effective but it has several drawbacks such as aftertaste, bleaching and hypersensitivity to humans which took it out of the GRAS list of compounds and warranted further seek for alternatives. Prior to this research ethanol was shown to control several pathogens in different commodities including table grapes and B. cinerea. Hence it seemed to be a simple and promising technology which could offer a true alternative for storage of table grapes. Further research was however required to answer some practical and theoretical questions which remained unanswered. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: In this research project we have shown convincingly that 30% ethanol is sufficient to prevent germination of B. cinerea and kill the spores. In a comparative study it was shown that Alternaria alternata is also rather sensitive but Rhizopus stolonifer and Aspergillus niger are less sensitive to ethanol. Consequently, ethanol protected the grapes from decay but did not have a significant effect on occurrence of mycotoxigenic Aspergillus species which are present on the surface of the berry. B. cinerea responded to ethanol or heat treatments by inducing sporulation and transient expression of the heat shock protein HSP104. Similar responses were not detected in grape berries. It was also shown that application of ethanol to berries did not induce subsequent resistance and actually the berries were slightly more susceptible to infection. The heat dose required to kill the spores was determined and it was proven that a combination of heat and ethanol allowed reduction of both the ethanol and heat dose. Ethanol and heat did not reduce the amount or appearance of the wax layers which are an essential component of the external protection of the berry. The ethanol and acetaldehyde content increased after treatment and during storage but the content was much lower than the natural ethanol content in other fruits. The efficacy of ethanol applied before harvest was similar to that of the biological control agent, Metschnikowia fructicola, Finally, the performance of ethanol could be improved synergistically by packaging the bunches in modified atmosphere films which prevent the accumulation of free water. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: It was shown that the major mode of action of ethanol is mediated by its lethal effect on fungal inoculum. Because ethanol acts mainly on the cell membranes, it was possible to enhance its effect by lowering the concentration and elevating the temperature of the treatment. Another important development was the continuous protection of the treated bunches by modified atmosphere that can solve the problem of secondary or internal infection. From the practical standpoint, a variety of means were offered to enhance the effect of the treatment and to offer a viable alternative to SO2 which could be instantly adopted by the industry with a special benefit to growers of organic grapes.
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Boisclair, Yves R., and Arieh Gertler. Development and Use of Leptin Receptor Antagonists to Increase Appetite and Adaptive Metabolism in Ruminants. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697120.bard.
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Objectives The original project had 2 major objectives: (1) To determine the effects of centrally administered leptin antagonist on appetite and adaptive metabolism in the sheep; (2) To develop and prepare second-generation leptin antagonists combining high binding affinity and prolonged in vivo half-life. Background Periods of suboptimal nutrition or exaggerated metabolic activity demands lead to a state of chronic energy insufficiency. Ruminants remain productive for a surprisingly long period of time under these circumstances by evoking adaptations sparing available energy and nutrients. The mechanism driving these adaptations in ruminant remains unknown, but could involve a reduction in plasma leptin, a hormone acting predominantly in the brain. In laboratory animals, reduced leptin signaling promotes survival during nutritional insufficiency by triggering energy sparing adaptations such as reduced thyroid hormone production and insulin resistance. Our overall hypothesis is that similar adaptations are triggered by reduced leptin signaling in the brain of ruminants. Testing of this hypothesis in ruminants has not been possible due to inability to block the actions of endogenous leptin and access to ruminant models where leptin antagonistic therapy is feasible and effective. Major achievements and conclusions The Israeli team had previously mutated 3 residues in ovine leptin, with no effect on receptor binding. This mutant was renamed ovine leptin antagonist (OLA) because it cannot activate signaling and therefore antagonizes the ability of wild type leptin to activate its receptor. To transform OLA into an effective in vivo antagonist, the Israeli made 2 important technical advances. First, it incorporated an additional mutation into OLA, increasing its binding affinity and thus transforming it into a super ovine leptin antagonist (SOLA). Second, the Israeli team developed a method whereby polyethylene glycol is covalently attached to SOLA (PEG-SOLA) with the goal of extending its half-life in vivo. The US team used OLA and PEG-SOLA in 2 separate animal models. First, OLA was chronically administered directly into the brain of mature sheep via a cannula implanted into the 3rdcerebroventricule. Unexpectedly, OLA had no effect of voluntary feed intake or various indicators of peripheral insulin action but reduced the plasma concentration of thyroid hormones. Second, the US team tested the effect of peripheral PEG-SOLA administration in an energy sensitive, rapidly growing lamb model. PEG-SOLA was administered for 14 consecutive days after birth or for 5 consecutive days before sacrifice on day 40 of life. Plasma PEG-SOLA had a half-life of over 16 h and circulated in 225- to 288-fold excess over endogenous leptin. PEG-SOLA administration reduced plasma thyroid hormones and resulted in a higher fat content in the carcass at slaughter, but had no effects on feed intake, body weight, plasma glucose or insulin. These results show that the team succeeded in developing a leptin antagonist with a long in vivo half-life. Moreover, in vivo results show that reduced leptin signaling promotes energy sparing in ruminants by repressing thyroid hormone production. Scientific and agricultural implications The physiological role of leptin in ruminants has been difficult to resolve because peripheral administration of wild type leptin causes little effects. Our work with leptin antagonists show for the first time in ruminants that reduced leptin signaling induces energy sparing mechanisms involving thyroid hormone production with little effect on peripheral insulin action. Additional work is needed to develop even more potent leptin antagonists, to establish optimal administration protocols and to narrow down phases of the ruminant life cycle when their use will improve productivity.