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Journal articles on the topic 'Reducing cardiovascular risk factors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

St??len, T., AE Tj??nna, R. ??deg??rd, and U. Wisl??ff. "Reducing cardiovascular risk factors in obese adolescents." European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation 13, Supplement 1 (May 2006): S36—S37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00149831-200605001-00145.

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2

Chiasson, Jean-Louis, and Sophie Bernard. "Reducing cardiovascular risk factors in patients with prediabetes." Diabetes Management 1, no. 4 (July 2011): 423–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/dmt.11.28.

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3

Courtney, Suzanne Whitney, Arsalan Khawaja, Matthan Jackson, and Mark Heino. "Is garlic effective in reducing cardiovascular risk factors?" Evidence-Based Practice 23, no. 2 (February 2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ebp.0000000000000566.

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4

Melanson, Kathleen J. "Dietary Factors in Reducing Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases." American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 1, no. 1 (January 2007): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559827606294793.

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5

Oliver-McNeil, Sandra, and Nancy T. Artinian. "Women’s Perceptions of Personal Cardiovascular Risk and Their Risk-Reducing Behaviors." American Journal of Critical Care 11, no. 3 (May 1, 2002): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2002.11.3.221.

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• Background Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in women. Risk factors include smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. Without an understanding of these risk factors, women are poorly prepared to carry out preventive self-care actions to reduce their risk. • Objectives To describe perceptions of cardiovascular risk factors and risk-reducing behaviors among women with newly diagnosed coronary heart disease. • Methods A descriptive study was done in a large midwestern suburban hospital. A nonprobability sample of 33 women with coronary heart disease completed a mail questionnaire. Data were collected by using the Coronary Heart Disease Knowledge Test, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, and questions developed for the study. • Results Thirty-three women responded. Mean age was 65.64 years (range, 36–85 years; SD, 11.32 years); mean educational level was 12.67 years (range, 8–18 years; SD, 1.79 years). Most of the respondents could not identify personal cardiovascular risk factors; the risks identified were considerably fewer and differed from those documented in the women’s medical records. Women reported moderate levels of most risk-reducing behaviors and low levels of physical activity. • Conclusions Women with coronary heart disease may not know what risk factors they have. Women must have their risk factors assessed and should be counseled about those risks.

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Kołodziejczyk, Maciej, Łukasz Bułdak, and Bogusław Okopień. "Polyunsaturated fatty acids in reducing cardiovascular risk." Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna 17, no. 1 (March 5, 2021): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2021.0004.

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Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of these diseases are one of the major challenges in modern medicine. Despite a large number of pharmacological agents significantly reducing the cardiovascular risk, it is still high in many patients. Due to the multifactorial aetiology and complex pathomechanism of cardiovascular diseases, the development of a more effective therapy remains an open issue. It was found in the 1980s that a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in particular, was associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases. For this reason, polyunsaturated fatty acids have become the subject of many clinical trials aimed at understanding their mechanism of action and determining their exact impact on cardiovascular risk. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are known to affect many aspects that are key factors in the development of cardiovascular disease. They are characterised mainly by a positive effect on the structure and functioning of cell membranes, the ability to reduce inflammation and blood pressure, anticoagulant and antiplatelet effects, antiarrhythmic activity, the ability to improve myocardial contractility and a beneficial effect on the lipid profile. The latest analyses of the available clinical trials show that these compounds reduce cardiovascular risk in both primary and secondary prevention. Therefore, they represent a promising therapeutic option. It is worth noting that the effect seems to depend on the type of polyunsaturated fatty acids, their dose and individual factors. Nevertheless, this issue is extremely complex and requires further research to fully understand the mechanism of action and establish ideal therapeutic doses to improve patient prognosis.

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7

Arsenault, Benoit J., and Rishi Puri. "Reducing exposure to cardiovascular risk factors: the legacy of prevention." Journal of Thoracic Disease 8, no. 9 (September 2016): 2340–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2016.08.83.

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8

Stølen, T., A. E. Tjønna, R. Ødegrd, and U. Wisløff. "We-P11:152 Reducing cardiovascular risk factors in obese adolescents." Atherosclerosis Supplements 7, no. 3 (January 2006): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1567-5688(06)81506-0.

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9

Lindquist, Ingrid E., Erin Crossey, Marcelo Amar, Alan Remaley, and Bryce Chackerian. "A VACCINE-BASED STRATEGY FOR REDUCING CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTORS." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 69, no. 11 (March 2017): 1783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(17)35172-0.

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Hansen, Mette Vinther, Peter Hjorth, Christina Blanner Kristiansen, Kirsten Vandborg, Lea Nørgaard Gustafsson, and Povl Munk-Jørgensen. "Reducing cardiovascular risk factors in non-selected outpatients with schizophrenia." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 62, no. 4 (June 2016): 400–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764016629494.

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Hansen, Mette Vinther, Peter Hjorth, Christina Blanner Kristiansen, Kirsten Vandborg, Lea Nørgaard Gustafsson, and Povl Munk-Jørgensen. "Reducing cardiovascular risk factors in non-selected outpatients with schizophrenia." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 62, no. 4 (March 23, 2016): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764016636277.

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12

Kris-Etherton, P. M., T. D. Etherton, and S. Yu. "Efficacy of multiple dietary therapies in reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 65, no. 2 (February 1, 1997): 560–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/65.2.560.

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13

Graham, Margaret Clark, and Roberta L. Pohlman. "REDUCING CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTORS IN A MINORITY POPULATION THROUGH EXERCISE." Family & Community Health 17, no. 3 (October 1994): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003727-199410000-00010.

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14

Juturu, Vijaya. "Capsaicinoids Modulating Cardiometabolic Syndrome Risk Factors: Current Perspectives." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4986937.

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Capsaicinoids are bioactive nutrients present within red hot peppers reported to cutad libitumfood intake, to increase energy expenditure (thermogenesis) and lipolysis, and to result in weight loss over time. In addition it has shown more benefits such as improvement in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, improving vascular health, improving endothelial function, lowering blood pressure, reducing endothelial cytokines, cholesterol lowering effects, reducing blood glucose, improving insulin sensitivity, and reducing inflammatory risk factors. All these beneficial effects together help to modulate cardiometabolic syndrome risk factors. The early identification of cardiometabolic risk factors can help try to prevent obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

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15

Soroush, Ali, Nasim Shams-Alizadeh, Afsoon Vahdat, Zeinab Mohebi, Mozhgan Saeidi, and Saeid Komasi. "Role of perceived heart risk factors by outpatient population in predicting cardiovascular risk." Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research 11, no. 2 (May 23, 2019): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/jcvtr.2019.18.

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Introduction: Regarding the expanding population in developing countries who are at risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), identification and management of effective factors are important in reducing the risk of CVDs. So, the present study aimed to assess the role of perceived heart risk factors (PHRFs) in the prediction of cardiovascular risk among outpatient patients. Methods: The samples of this cross-sectional study included 150 outpatient patients who attend the clinic of Imam Reza hospital during October-December 2016. The participants were completed the Perceived Heart Risk Factors Scale (PHRFS) and Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Questionnaire (CRAQ). Data analyzed through Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses. Results: Based on the findings, 28%, 40%, 22.7%, and 9.3% of patients were low, medium, high, and severely high-risk, respectively. The strongest predictors of the cardiovascular risk were physiological (β = -0.273; P = 0.004), psychological (β=0.236; P = 0.020), and biological risk factors (β=0.209; P = 0.016), respectively. In addition, the strongest predictor of the lifestyle risk was physiological risk factors (β = -0.264; P = 0.007). Other variables do not play a significant role in predict the lifestyle risk (P > 0.05). Our model was able to explain 9.2% of cardiovascular risk variance and 5.7% of cardiovascular risk caused by lifestyle variance. Conclusion: The higher patients’ perception about biological and psychological risk factors is concerned as an alarm for increased cardiovascular risk while higher perception about physiological risk factors is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk caused by lifestyle and total cardiovascular risk. The programs reducing cardiovascular risk should target the high-risk groups to save cost and time.

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McEwan, S. R., H. T. O. Davies, E. Allan, D. Maclean, and C. D. Forbes. "Measurement and Management of Cardiovascular Risk Factors — is Screening Worthwhile?" Scottish Medical Journal 38, no. 6 (December 1993): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003693309303800605.

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Coronary heart disease has been described as Scotland's national disease and ways of reducing its incidence are therefore of paramount importance especially in younger males. A recent British Medical Journal paper1 has indicated that general practitioners can make little impact on patients' lifestyles. This paper shows that a cohort of Scottish men (Social Class III-V) responded well (80%) to offers of screening for risk factors of CHD, continued to attend for review and showed highly significant changes in their risk factor profiles. A committed enthusiastic primary care team have shown the potential for reducing coronary risk factors in so-called healthy men.

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17

Joseph, Philip, Darryl Leong, Martin McKee, Sonia S. Anand, Jon-David Schwalm, Koon Teo, Andrew Mente, and Salim Yusuf. "Reducing the Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease, Part 1." Circulation Research 121, no. 6 (September 2017): 677–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.117.308903.

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Current global health policy goals include a 25% reduction in premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases by 2025. In this 2-part review, we provide an overview of the current epidemiological data on cardiovascular diseases (CVD), its risk factors, and describe strategies aimed at reducing its burden. In part 1, we examine the global epidemiology of cardiac conditions that have the greatest impact on CVD mortality; the predominant risk factors; and the impact of upstream, societal health determinants (eg, environmental factors, health policy, and health systems) on CVD. Although age-standardized mortality from CVD has decreased in many regions of the world, the absolute number of deaths continues to increase, with the majority now occurring in middle- and low-income countries. It is evident that multiple factors are causally related to CVD, including traditional individual level risk factors (mainly tobacco use, lipids, and elevated blood pressure) and societal level health determinants (eg, health systems, health policies, and barriers to CVD prevention and care). Both individual and societal risk factors vary considerably between different regions of the world and economic settings. However, reliable data to estimate CVD burden are lacking in many regions of the world, which hampers the establishment of nationwide prevention and management strategies. A 25% reduction in premature CVD mortality globally is feasible but will require better implementation of evidence-based policies (particularly tobacco control) and integrated health systems strategies that improve CVD prevention and management. In addition, there is a need for better health information to monitor progress and guide health policy decisions.

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Siddiq, Afshan, RafeeqAlam Khan, and SadiaGhousia Baig. "Does atorvastatin work more effectively than biguanides in reducing cardiovascular risk factors?" Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 3, no. 2 (2011): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.80767.

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19

Liu, Tingting. "The Effects of a Health Partner Program on Reducing Cardiovascular Risk Factors." Western Journal of Nursing Research 40, no. 4 (December 21, 2016): 537–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193945916683184.

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Previous lifestyle intervention research targeting prediabetes has primarily focused on weight loss, blood glucose, and lipid abnormalities. Far less is known whether lifestyle interventions lower other biological and physical risk factors for cardiovascular disease in overweight/obese adults with or without prediabetes. The aim of the study was to determine if a health partner program reduced biological and physical cardiovascular risk factors in overweight/obese adults with and without prediabetes at 1 year. A secondary data analysis was performed using the Center for Health Discovery and Well Being database at Emory University in the United States. A total of 246 (30 prediabetics and 216 non-prediabetics) were included in the analysis. At the 1-year follow-up, compared with non-prediabetics, prediabetics had significant improvements in body mass index, fasting blood glucose, and insulin resistance. Prediabetics also had higher increases in cardiorespiratory fitness. However, the methodological limitations and predominately high socioeconomic status level prevent definitive conclusions and generalizations.

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20

Levenson, James W., Patrick J. Skerrett, and J. Michael Gaziano. "Reducing the Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease: The Role of Risk Factors." Preventive Cardiology 5, no. 4 (October 2002): 188–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1520-037x.2002.00564.x.

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21

Ketola, Eeva, Raija Sipilä, and Marjukka Mäkelä. "Effectiveness of individual lifestyle interventions in reducing cardiovascular disease and risk factors." Annals of Medicine 32, no. 4 (January 2000): 239–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07853890009011767.

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22

Baker, Amanda L., and Jill M. Williams. "Building a Research Agenda for Reducing Smoking and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors." Journal of Dual Diagnosis 13, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): iii—v. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15504263.2017.1292731.

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23

Carels, Robert A., Lynn A. Darby, Holly M. Cacciapaglia, and Olivia M. Douglass. "Reducing Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women through a Lifestyle Change Intervention." Journal of Women's Health 13, no. 4 (May 2004): 412–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/154099904323087105.

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24

Reasner, Charles A. "Reducing Cardiovascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes by Targeting Multiple Risk Factors." Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 52, no. 2 (August 2008): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/fjc.0b013e31817ffe5a.

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25

Gimaeva, Zulfiya F., A. B. Bakirov, V. A. Kaptsov, and L. K. Karimova. "Major risk factors and cardiovascular disease prevalence among petrochemical workers." Hygiene and sanitation 96, no. 2 (March 27, 2019): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2017-96-2-152-155.

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Objective. Based on the assessment of occupational and non-occupational risk factors, development of preventive measures for the reducing of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) prevalence among petrochemical workers. Material and Methods. A total of 2,634 petrochemical workers have been examined. To identify modified and unmodified risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, comprehensive hygienic and clinical laboratory studies have been carried out. Results. The obtained results have shown a higher riskfor the development of cardiovascular disease among operators as compared to metal workers for instrumentation and automation repairs. Based on the assessment of risk factors, preventive measures implemented at personal and corporative levels have been developed.

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Monti, Manuel, Maria Pia Ruggieri, Giovanni Maria Vincentelli, Fernando Capuano, and Francesco Rocco Pugliese. "Cardiovascular risk factors in sub-Saharan Africa: a review." Italian Journal of Medicine 9, no. 4 (May 19, 2015): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/itjm.2015.533.

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Ischemic heart disease is increasing dramatically in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), despite an increasing prevalence of risk factors, and some characteristics of the African people that make the African population subject to the effects of major cardiovascular risk factors. The pace and direction of economic development, rates of urbanization, the changes in life expectancy, associated with different pathophysiological factors are causing an increased rate of atherosclerotic disease in these countries. The prevalence of ischemic heart disease in SSA has shown a significant rise in the next two following decades due to the rising prevalence of risk factors, especially hypertension, diabetes, overweight and obesity, physical inactivity, tobacco use and the dyslipidemia, mainly due to an increase in urbanization. Moreover, thanks to new knowledge, it has been pointed out the difference of individual risk factors in the African population and other populations due to genetic differences. It is estimated that age-standardized approach for ischemic heart disease mortality rates will rise by 27% in African men and 25% in women by 2015 and by 70 and 74%, respectively by 2030. More research is needed in Africa to provide evidence for cardiovascular prevention and treatment to mitigate the oncoming epidemic. Health interventions are needed for preventing or reducing the morbidity/ mortality and should be addressed to both children and adults, including score of the risk stratification modified, starting early and aggressive therapy, if necessary.

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Gimaeva, Zulfiya F., I. V. Bukhtiyarov, A. B. Bakirov, V. A. Kaptsov, and L. K. Karimova. "Cardiovascular risk in petrochemical workers." Hygiene and sanitation 99, no. 5 (July 7, 2020): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-5-498-503.

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Introduction. The high prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system of workers in various sectors of the economy, the lack of data on the effects of harmful production factors on the formation of cardiovascular diseases in petrochemical industry workers justify the importance of conducting special studies on these petrochemical complex plants with the aim of assessing cardiovascular risk with the subsequent development of preventive measures. Material and methods. The objects of the study were workers in the production of monomers (ethylene, propylene, ethylbenzene, isoprene, divinyl) of petrochemical enterprises. Hygienic studies of the working conditions of workers included an assessment of the factors of the working environment and the labor process using generally accepted methods. Comprehensive clinical examination of workers included periodic examinations (n = 2634) with calculation of total and relative cardiovascular risk using the SCORE system, using questionnaire data, a Reeder L questionnaire and an in-depth clinical diagnostic medical examination (n = 101) with the definition total cardiovascular risk. Results. The most significant occupational factors of the labor process for workers in the main profession - panmen were established to include the combination of a chemical factor with the occupational noise and labor intensity, with an overall assessment of working conditions 3.2. The class of working conditions of workers of the comparison group (locksmith in instrumentation and automation corresponds to the permissible). There were revealed a high prevalence of arterial hypertension and other factors of cardiovascular risk. A higher dependence of the arterial hypertension level on age and length of service in the group of panmen was established when compared to the mechanicians of instrumentation and automation. Using mathematical models of multiple regression, the likely dynamics of the level of arterial hypertension and the left ventricular myocardial mass index were calculated under the influence of increasing age and other risk predictors. Conclusion. The results of a clinical study showed workers with severe arterial hypertension, a high and very high risk of death from cardiovascular disease on the SCORE scale, a high and very high overall cardiovascular risk, signs of dyslipidemia, obesity, high stress levels to require close attention. It is important to timely diagnose lesions of target organs, to conduct rational prevention aimed at reducing risk factors. According to the results of the study, there were developed preventive measures aimed at reducing cardiovascular morbidity and cardiovascular risk, prolonging the longevity of workers in petrochemical industries.

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Gimaeva, Zulfiya F., I. V. Bukhtiyarov, A. B. Bakirov, V. A. Kaptsov, and L. K. Karimova. "Cardiovascular risk in petrochemical workers." Hygiene and sanitation 99, no. 5 (July 7, 2020): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.33029/0016-9900-2020-99-5-498-503.

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Introduction. The high prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system of workers in various sectors of the economy, the lack of data on the effects of harmful production factors on the formation of cardiovascular diseases in petrochemical industry workers justify the importance of conducting special studies on these petrochemical complex plants with the aim of assessing cardiovascular risk with the subsequent development of preventive measures. Material and methods. The objects of the study were workers in the production of monomers (ethylene, propylene, ethylbenzene, isoprene, divinyl) of petrochemical enterprises. Hygienic studies of the working conditions of workers included an assessment of the factors of the working environment and the labor process using generally accepted methods. Comprehensive clinical examination of workers included periodic examinations (n = 2634) with calculation of total and relative cardiovascular risk using the SCORE system, using questionnaire data, a Reeder L questionnaire and an in-depth clinical diagnostic medical examination (n = 101) with the definition total cardiovascular risk. Results. The most significant occupational factors of the labor process for workers in the main profession - panmen were established to include the combination of a chemical factor with the occupational noise and labor intensity, with an overall assessment of working conditions 3.2. The class of working conditions of workers of the comparison group (locksmith in instrumentation and automation corresponds to the permissible). There were revealed a high prevalence of arterial hypertension and other factors of cardiovascular risk. A higher dependence of the arterial hypertension level on age and length of service in the group of panmen was established when compared to the mechanicians of instrumentation and automation. Using mathematical models of multiple regression, the likely dynamics of the level of arterial hypertension and the left ventricular myocardial mass index were calculated under the influence of increasing age and other risk predictors. Conclusion. The results of a clinical study showed workers with severe arterial hypertension, a high and very high risk of death from cardiovascular disease on the SCORE scale, a high and very high overall cardiovascular risk, signs of dyslipidemia, obesity, high stress levels to require close attention. It is important to timely diagnose lesions of target organs, to conduct rational prevention aimed at reducing risk factors. According to the results of the study, there were developed preventive measures aimed at reducing cardiovascular morbidity and cardiovascular risk, prolonging the longevity of workers in petrochemical industries.

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29

Kjøllesdal, M. K. R., I. Ariansen, L. H. Mortensen, G. Davey Smith, and Ø. Næss. "Educational differences in cardiovascular mortality: The role of shared family factors and cardiovascular risk factors." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 44, no. 8 (September 25, 2016): 744–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494816669427.

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Aims: To explore the confounding effects of early family factors shared by siblings and cardiovascular risk factors in midlife on the educational differences in mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Data from national and regional health surveys in Norway (1974–2003) were linked with data from the Norwegian Family Based Life Course Study, the National Educational Registry and the Cause of Death Registry. The study population consisted of participants with at least one full sibling among the health survey participants ( n=271,310). Data were available on CVD risk factors, including weight, height, blood pressure, total cholesterol and smoking. Results: The hazards ratio (HR) of CVD mortality was 3.44 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.98–3.96) in the lowest educational group relative to the highest. The HRs were little altered in the within-sibship analyses. Adjusted for risk factors, the HR for CVD mortality in the cohort analyses was 2.05 (CI 1.77–2.37) in the lowest educational group relative to the highest. The respective HR in the within-sibship analyses was 2.46 (CI 1.48–2.24). Conclusions: Using a sibling design, we did not find that the association between education and CVD mortality was confounded by early life factors shared by siblings, but it was explained to a large extent by CVD risk factors. These results suggest that reducing levels of CVD risk factors could have the greatest effect on mortality in less well-educated people.

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Bolívar Malachias, Marcus Vinícius. "Strategies for reducing cardiovascular mortality should go beyond control of classic risk factors." Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (English Edition) 38, no. 3 (March 2019): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.repce.2019.05.005.

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Gottschall, Jinger S., Justin L. Jones, Jackie Mills, and Bryce Hastings. "Group fitness is effective in reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy adults." Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 03, no. 01 (2013): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojpm.2013.31017.

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32

Klemenc-Ketis, Zalika, Alenka Terbovc, Bostjan Gomiscek, and Janko Kersnik. "Role of nurse practitioners in reducing cardiovascular risk factors: a retrospective cohort study." Journal of Clinical Nursing 24, no. 21-22 (August 7, 2015): 3077–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12889.

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Bolívar Malachias, Marcus Vinícius. "Strategies for reducing cardiovascular mortality should go beyond control of classic risk factors." Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia 38, no. 3 (March 2019): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.repc.2019.03.003.

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34

Palmiero, Pasquale, Annapaola Zito, Maria Maiello, Annagrazia Cecere, Anna Vittoria Mattioli, Roberto Pedrinelli, Pietro Scicchitano, and Marco Matteo Ciccone. "Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Risk in Octogenarians by Risk Factors Control." Current Hypertension Reviews 15, no. 2 (May 29, 2019): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573402115666190211160811.

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Primary prevention of cardiovascular events in older adults is a relevant problem, due to lack of evidence for safe and efficacious therapy, its costs and elderly quality of life, Italy’s aging population is constantly increasing, so cardiovascular disease (CVD) primary prevention in the elderly is a prime objective. Life expectancy has dramatically increased over the last 2 decades, the proportion of individuals aged 80 years and older has grown rapidly in Europe and the United States, but cost / effective ratio of CVD prevention through risk factors control is debated. It is therefore important to implement cardiovascular risk factors estimation in the elderly to maximize the quality of life of patients and to lengthen their healthy life expectancy, choosing the better treatment for each patient sharing the choice with himself when it is possible, always remembering that elderly patients often have multiple co-morbidities that require a high number of concurrent medications; this may increase the risk for drug-drug interactions, thereby reducing the potential benefits of CVD prevention therapy. Nevertheless, CVD is not an inevitable concomitant of aging. Sometimes, autopsy in the elderly reveals atheroma-free coronary arteries, a normal-sized heart and unscarred valves. All primary prevention strategy decisions should consider estimated life expectancy and overall function and not just the cardiovascular event risks, magnitude and time to benefit or harm, potentially altered adverse effect profiles, and informed patient preferences. CVD primary prevention needs to be more implemented in the elderly, this might contribute to improve health status and quality of life in this growing population if correctly performed.

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Indukaeva, E. V., S. A. Makarov, and M. Yu Ogarkov. "Medical and social risk factors for arterial hypertension in coal miners." Systemic Hypertension 12, no. 1 (March 15, 2015): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/sg29092.

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The risk of cardiovascular complications increases steadily with increases in arterial pressure and is significantly intensified in the presence of other risk factors for cardiovascular disease (smoking, sedentary lifestyle, alcohol abuse, stress, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus). It reduces the quality of life, which is especially important for people, engaged in heavy physical labor. The most common medical and social risk factors for cardiovascular disease and hypertension in coal miners are the following: overweight and obesity, bad habits and lack of education. The further study of the prevalence pattern of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in coal miners is required to develop, implement and evaluate the efficiency of preventive measures towards reducing cardiovascular risk factors.

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Strauss, Markus, Peter Foshag, Anna Brzęk, Richard Vollenberg, Ulrich Jehn, Henning Littwitz, and Roman Leischik. "Cardiorespiratory Fitness Is Associated with a Reduced Cardiovascular Risk in Occupational Groups with Different Working Conditions: A Cross-Sectional Study among Police Officers and Office Workers." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 9 (May 9, 2021): 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10092025.

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Several studies reported a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among police officers and office workers, and adequate cardiorespiratory fitness was reported to have protective effects in reducing cardiovascular risk. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on reducing cardiovascular risk factors in these occupational groups. This cross-sectional study enrolled 101 male participants (55 police officers and 46 office workers). Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed via spiroergometry. Cardiovascular risk factors were also examined, and the 10-year cardiovascular risk and heart/vascular age were reported using the Framingham risk score. In both groups, higher cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with lower cardiovascular risk factors. Police officers and office workers with higher cardiorespiratory fitness demonstrated significantly lower values in BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage, diastolic resting blood pressure, heart rate, triglycerides and total cholesterol values, and 10-year cardiovascular risk and heart/vascular age (all factors p < 0.0077, age adjusted). Police officers and office workers mostly presented low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness: 60% of police officers and 58% of office workers were considered “not fit and obese”. Despite different working conditions, both occupational groups had a high rate of low cardiorespiratory fitness levels and showed no differences in their cardiovascular risk profiles. In both groups, cardiorespiratory fitness reduced cardiovascular risk factors, but there was no difference in the influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on cardiovascular risk factors.

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Fahs, Iqbal M., Souheil Hallit, Mohamad K. Rahal, and Diana N. Malaeb. "The Community Pharmacist’s Role in Reducing Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Lebanon: A Longitudinal Study." Medical Principles and Practice 27, no. 6 (2018): 508–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000490853.

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Objective: To assess the role of the pharmacist in modifying risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) among Lebanese adults in urban and rural areas. Methods: In a prospective survey, 865 out of 1,000 participants aged ≥45 years, previously interviewed, agreed to be followed at 1 and 2 years time points. Parameters including blood pressure, lipid profile, blood glucose, average number of risk factors, and atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) risk were assessed and evaluated at the beginning of the study, then after 1 and 2 years. Results: During both follow-ups, the mean average body mass index and systolic blood pressure decreased significantly and the lipid profile improved significantly. Further significant improvements in ASCVD risk occurred during the second follow-up. Monitoring parameters revealed significant improvements as well. Conclusion: This study showed that a plan that includes pharmacists, who regularly monitor and follow-up patients, could improve CVD prevention through the reduction of risk factors.

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Lee, Seon Young, Kang Sook Lee, Jung Wan Koo, Hyun Woo Yim, Hyoung Ryoul Kim, Chung Yill Park, and Sook Kyung Choi. "Effectiveness of Tailored Health Promotion Program for Reducing Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Subway Workers." Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 18, no. 1 (2006): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2006.18.1.15.

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Kumar, R., J. Brar, R. Yacoub, T. Khan, M. Zachariah, and R. Venuto. "Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors after Renal Transplantation: A Step towards Reducing Graft Failure." Transplantation Proceedings 44, no. 5 (June 2012): 1270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.01.111.

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McMURRAY, ROBERT G., BARBARA E. AINSWORTH, JOANNE S. HARRELL, THOMAS R. GRIGGS, and O. DALE WILLIAMS. "Is physical activity or aerobic power more influential on reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors?" Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 30, no. 10 (October 1998): 1521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199810000-00009.

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Rankin, Paul, Darren P. Morton, Hans Diehl, John Gobble, Peter Morey, and Esther Chang. "Effectiveness of a Volunteer-Delivered Lifestyle Modification Program for Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors." American Journal of Cardiology 109, no. 1 (January 2012): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.07.069.

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Germán-Salló, Márta, Mónika Szabó, Zoltán Preg, Enikő Nemes-Nagy, Dalma Bálint-Szentendrey, and Tünde Pál. "The effect of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors on cognitive aging." Romanian Journal of Cardiology 30, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47803/rjc.2020.30.1.12.

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Dementia represents a major health problem in elderly people. Several lifestyle-related and cardiovascular risk factors contribute to cognitive dysfunction, some of them can be counteracted, thus reducing the prevalence of dementia. Hypertension causes brain damage inducing micro and macrovascular modifications, which can develop silently. Diabetes mellitus represents a major risk factor for cognitive decline due to hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. Smoking increases the risk of dementia inducing vascular modifications and neurotoxicity. Midlife obesity is another risk factor for dementia, being associated with brain atrophy and having influence on other cardiovascular risk factors. Hypercholesterolemia, especially increased LDL-cholesterol might contribute to the development of dementia, but the results are controversial. Physical exercise has a protective effect on neuro-degenerative processes, especially the combination of aerobic and resistance exercise seems to have the best impact on cognitive function. These risk factors represent targets for intervention in preventing cognitive dysfunction, and screening can be helpful in the early diagnosis of this disease.

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Cicero, Arrigo F. G., Federica Fogacci, and Alessandro Colletti. "Food and plant bioactives for reducing cardiometabolic disease risk: an evidence based approach." Food & Function 8, no. 6 (2017): 2076–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7fo00178a.

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Brunelli, E., D. La Russa, and D. Pellegrino. "Impaired Oxidative Status Is Strongly Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6480145.

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The main target of primary prevention is the identification of cardiovascular risk factors aimed at reducing of the adverse impact of modifiable factors, such as lifestyle and pharmacological treatments. In humans, an alteration of the oxidative status has been associated with several pathologies, including diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, the prognostic relevance of circulating oxidative stress biomarkers remains poorly understood. Our study explored, in a healthy population (n=322), the relationship between oxidative status and cardiovascular risk factors. Here, we were successful in demonstrating that plasmatic oxidative status is significantly associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors. We revealed a significant depletion in the efficacy of total plasma antioxidant barrier in high cardiovascular risk categories, and we confirmed an age-related alteration of oxidative status. The efficacy of total plasma antioxidant barrier is significantly depleted in relation to metabolic disorders. Interestingly, the cholesterol imbalance is the main factor in depleting the efficacy of total plasma antioxidant barrier. The oxidative status is also influenced by hypertension, and a slight increase in systolic blood pressure determines a highly significant effect. We showed that the first detectable event of a redox disturbance is the repairing intervention of the antioxidant barrier that is thus decreased as overutilized.

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Tudor, C., R. A. Jeberean, R. Buzas, A. Popescu, and M. Ionita. "We-P11:1 Reducing the cardiovascular risk at patients with type 2 diabetes by controlling the risk factors." Atherosclerosis Supplements 7, no. 3 (January 2006): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1567-5688(06)81357-7.

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Ifeanyi Chiazor, Emmanuel, Meirion Evans, Hugo van Woerden, and Azuka C. Oparah. "A Systematic Review of Community Pharmacists’ Interventions in Reducing Major Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease." Value in Health Regional Issues 7 (September 2015): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2015.03.002.

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Kouritzin, Trevor, and Semone Myrie. "The Effects of the Dietary Supplement Cardioflex on Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Adults." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa040_045.

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Abstract Objectives The overall objective was to determine the effects of the multi-nutrient dietary supplement Cardioflex, independent of diet or lifestyle changes, to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adults. Methods A 90-day, randomized, double-blind, parallel design clinical study was performed from February to June 2019. Participants received one serving (10 g) of Cardioflex or an isocaloric maltodextrin placebo daily. Blood pressure was measured using an automatic sphygmomanometer. A 1-min arterial test (accelerated plethysmography; APG) and a 5-min heart-rate-variability (HRV) test were conducted using a Meridian digital pulse wave analyzer. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were measured using Vitros-350 chemistry analyzer. Analysis of covariance was used to compare the post treatment biomarkers of the two groups using IBM SPSS Statistics (v.25). Results A total of 67 participants (placebo = 33, Cardioflex = 34) with a mean age of 48.3 ± 8.8 years, completed the study. Cardioflex improved HRV (+5%; P = 0.04) compared to the placebo (−9%). Although both groups saw improvements in blood pressure, heart rate, APG age, body mass index, waist circumference, TC, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and TG, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between groups. Interestingly, the placebo significantly (P = 0.04) lowered (−18.7%) TC compared to Cardioflex (−15%). Conclusions Cardioflex supplement may benefit HRV; a parameter associated with CVD. However, more research is needed to understand its effects on CVD. Also, our study also highlights the ‘placebo effect’ that can occur in parallel design clinical trials. Funding Sources Funding was provided by MITACs and Innotech Nutrition.

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NovysedlĂˇkovĂˇ, MĂˇria, and RĂłbert Ĺ eliga. "PREVENTION OF RISK FACTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN NURSING." CBU International Conference Proceedings 5 (September 24, 2017): 988–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v5.1057.

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Introduction: Cardiovascular disease, in terms of its frequency, the severity of organ damage, and the consequences for the health of the population constitutes one of the most pressing problems of our population. The prevention of subsequent coronary events and the maintenance of physical functioning in such patients are a major challenge in preventive care. However, many patients opt for a change in their lifestyle, some with the support of a health professional.Objective: This empirical survey focuses on the knowledge of respondents about preventing cardiovascular disease. Statistical methods determine the differences between males and females in attending preventive check-ups, understanding and observing risk factors in their lifestyle, and having an interest in changing their lifestyle.Methods: The survey uses a non-standardized questionnaire. Apart from demographic data, the questionnaire had 10 items assessing the respondentâ€™s knowledge of risk factors for cardiovascular disease, 10 on lifestyle and attitudes to the change in lifestyle, and five regarding their interest in education about the subject. Exploratory data includes answers from 70 respondents, who were outpatients in a general practitionerâ€™s department. Of these, 32 are males (46.0%) and 38 are females (54.0%). Results of the survey are analyzed using the Chi-Squared test. Results: Fifty-four of the 70 respondents (55.7%; 20 males and 34 females) undertake preventive check-ups at the general practitionerâ€™s department at least once in two years. No significant differences present between males and females in attending preventive check-ups (Ď‡2 = 3.455; df = 1; P = 0.05) and in showing a willingness for a lifestyle change (Ď‡2 = 1.789; P = 0.05). However, based on the given data, a significant difference presents between males and females regarding proper regime observance (Ď‡2 = 18.651; df = 1; P = 0.05). For example, females know the observance of a healthy diet is necessary for preventing ischemic heart disease (Ď‡2 = 20.124; df = 1; P = 0.05).Conclusion: The study shows that the difference between males and females is significant regarding their understanding of risk factors related to lifestyle and proper regime observance. Thus, education could lead to reducing or eliminating such risk factors. Prevention of risk factors is complex and lifelong. Under conditions of the Slovak health service, registered nurses are responsible for the education of patients.

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Yevstigneeva, O. A., E. N. Andreeva, O. R. Grigoryan, N. N. Volevodz, G. A. Melnichenko, and I. I. Dedov. "Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome: Estrogen replacement therapy and cardiovascular risk factors." Terapevticheskii arkhiv 89, no. 10 (October 15, 2017): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/terarkh2017891048-53.

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Aim. To investigate the impact of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) on the expression of risk factors for cardiovascular events (CVEs) in patients with Shereshevsky-Turner syndrome (STS); to elaborate an algorithm for patient management using MHT. Subjects and methods. From 2010 to 2012, a total of 41 patients aged 14 to 35 years with STS were examined in the framework of a prospective observational study. 100 STS case histories in 2000 to 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. The indicators of the so-called cardiometabolic risk, such as body mass index (BMI), lipidogram readings, venous plasma glucose levels, and blood pressure, were estimated in relation to the type of MHT. In the prospective part of the investigation, an angioscan was used to estimate vessel characteristics (stiffness, wall tone, endothelial function (EF)), by using the examination data. Results. 90% of the patients with STS were found to have risk factors for CVEs: atherogenic dyslipidemia (85%; 51% in the general female population of the same age), diastolic hypertension (36%; no more than 5% that is not typical for age-matched healthy general female population). In addition to increased arterial wall stiffness (AWS), obvious EF disorder is typical for STS patients. MHT was accompanied by a dose-dependent (estradiol, at least 2 mg) reduction in diastolic blood pressure by an average of 13% over 24 months, an increase in high density lipoprotein levels by more than 10% over 24 months and also contributedto a decrease in AWS and an improvement in EF. Conclusion: By favorably affecting the EF of vessels and reducing the severity of atherogenic dyslipidemia, MHT potentially enables a reduction in CV risk in patients with STS.

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Pęksa, Jan W., Piotr Jankowski, and Danuta Czarnecka. "CONTROL OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 3 (2019): 472–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201903129.

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Despite significant improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases that have occurred in recent years, they remain the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the population. In many European countries, the incidence of coronary heart disease is currently 50% lower than it was in the early 1980s, which is the result of cardiovascular prevention. A special group of patients are people after myocardial infarction with very high cardiovascular risk. They should definitely implement activities at the individual level e. g. work on improving the unhealthy lifestyle and pharmacologically control other risk factors. A diet low in saturated fats should be recommended, i.e. mainly containing whole grains, vegetables, fruits and fish, recommend regular physical exercise: 150 min / week of moderate, aerobic physical activity, reducing the supply of calories in order to get rid of overweight or obesity. Help in quitting tobacco addiction should take place through the minimal nicotine intervention and, if necessary, pharmacological therapy. Another thing is the control of other risk factors, i. e. the appropriate treatment of dyslipidemia (the primary target is LDL cholesterol <1.8 mmol/l or reduction by ≥ 50%, if the initial concentration is between 1.8 and 3.5 mmol/l, treatment hypertension (target arterial pressure for most people aged 18–65 is in the range: 120–130/70–79 mmHg, if it is well tolerated, while for older people it is in the range: 130–139/70–79mmHg, if it is well tolerated), optimal diabetes therapy (target glycated hemoglobin <7%) and appropriate antiplatelet therapy (in most patients double antiplatelet therapy is recommended for 12 months after acute coronary syndrome). These activities lead to a significant improvement in quality of life and a decrease in mortality due to cardiovascular diseases.

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