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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Karaman, S., and F. Yavuz. "Hedonic price analysis of the quality characteristics of Anatolian hard red wheat." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 60, No. 10 (October 21, 2014): 469–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/37/2014-agricecon.

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The study analyses the relations between the quality characteristics and price of the Anatolian Hard Red Wheat. It uses a data set consisting of the price and eight quality characteristics of the Anatolian Hard Red Wheat traded in spot transaction in each month of 2011 in the Polatli Commodity Exchange. Marginal implicit values of the quality characteristics of the Anatolian Red Hard Wheat traded in the spot market of the Polatli Commodity Exchange are determined through the hedonic price model. This model is estimated from the linear-log functional form. Results of the hedonic price model demonstrate that the quality characteristics, which are statistically significant in the determination of price, namely, the protein content, the hectolitre weight, and the grain content damaged by pests and wheat bugs, are important factors in the purchasing decisions of flour millers. As the protein content and the hectolitre weight of wheat increase by 1%, the price increases by TL 0.005 and TL 0.006, respectively. As the grain content damaged by pests and wheat bugs increases by 1%, the price of wheat drops by TL 0.0002. These marginal implicit values are expected to encourage wheat producers to produce the higher quality wheat.  
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2

HASHIMOTO, Tetsuo, Hisanobu SAKAUE, Tomoyuki TAKEUCHI, and Naoki MITAMURA. "Thermoluminescence (TL) -Glowcurves from Some Feldspars and Stability of Far-red TL from Albite." RADIOISOTOPES 56, no. 1 (2007): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.56.7.

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3

Franklin, A. D., J. R. Prescott, and G. B. Robertson. "Comparison of blue and red TL from quartz." Radiation Measurements 32, no. 5-6 (December 2000): 633–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1350-4487(00)00050-0.

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4

Beck, Johannes, and Joachim Strähle. "Synthese und Kristallstruktur von Bis[1,5-ditolylpentaazadienido-thallium(I)] und Bis[1,3-diphenyltriazenido-thallium(I)]/Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Bis[1,5-Ditolylpentaazadienido-thallium(I)] and Bis[ 1,3-diphenyltriazenido-thallium(I)]." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 41, no. 11 (November 1, 1986): 1381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1986-1111.

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Abstract The reaction of TlNO3 with 1,5-ditolylpentaazadiene in aqueous ammonia yields red [Tl(TolNNNNNTol)]2, which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with the lattice constants a = 3322.9, b = 847.6, c = 1107.9 pm, β = 105.93°, Z = 4. The structure consists of dimeric molecules, in which two separate pentaazadienido chains and two T1 atom s are so arranged as to form trigonal pyramids, TlN3, with an average Tl-N distance of 274 pm. The N -N distances in the N5 chain are equal within the standard deviations, indicating a high ionic character for the Tl -N bonds. Intermolecular interactions link the dimers into infinite chains. Each Tl atom , already coordinated by three nitrogen atoms, is additionally coordinated by two nitrogen atoms of one neighbouring complex and the aromatic tolyl ring of another ligand. The distance between Tl and the π-bonded tolyl ring is 333 pm, comparable with values of other Tl arene complexes. The reaction of TlNO3 with 1,3-diphenyltriazene in the presence of NaOH yields red [Tl(PhNNNPh)]2, which crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with the lattice constants a = 1040.6, b = 636.7, c = 1763.5 pm, β = 96.98°, Z = 2. The structure consists of centrosymmetric dimeric molecules. The 1,3-diphenyltriazenide anion acts as an unsymmetrical bidentate chelating ligand for each Tl atom. The Tl-N distances (Tl-N1 = 261, Tl -N3 = 277 pm) are significantly different. N1 is additionally bonded to the Tl atom of the neighbouring monomer. The dimeric complexes form a planar, four-membered Tl2N2 ring in the form of a slightly distorted square. π-Interactions between Tl and a phenyl ring of a neighbouring complex link the dimers to form infinite chains with a Tl-phenyl distance of 327 pm.
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5

Hashimoto, T., M. Kojima, N. Shirai, and M. Ichino. "Activation energies from blue- and red-thermoluminescence (TL) of quartz grains and mean lives of trapped electrons related to natural red-TL." Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 21, no. 2 (April 1993): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1359-0189(93)90165-6.

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6

Cipa, J., L. Trinkler, and B. Berzina. "Thermoluminescence Response of AlN+Y2O3 Ceramics to Sunlight and X-Ray Irradiation." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 58, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2021-0001.

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Abstract AlN is a wide band gap material with promising properties for dosimetric applications, especially in UV dosimetry. In the present research, the thermoluminescence method is used in order to better understand sunlight and X-ray irradiation effects on yttria doped AlN ceramics. In general, the TL response is characterised by a broad TL peak with maxima around 400–450 K and a TL emission spectrum with UV (400 nm), Blue (480 nm) and Red (600 nm) bands. Compared to the X-ray irradiation, sunlight irradiation creates a wider TL glow curve peak with a maximum shifted to higher temperatures by 50 K. Furthermore, in the TL emission spectra of AlN irradiated with sunlight the UV band is suppressed. The reasons of the TL peculiarities under two types of irradiation are discussed. Practical application of AlN ceramics as material for UV light TL dosimetry and, in particular, for sunlight dosimetry is estimated.
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7

Liu, Lirong, Dinggui Luo, Guangchao Yao, Xuexia Huang, Lezhang Wei, Yu Liu, Qihang Wu, Xiaotao Mai, Guowei Liu, and Tangfu Xiao. "Comparative Activation Process of Pb, Cd and Tl Using Chelating Agents from Contaminated Red Soils." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020497.

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Adding chelating agents is a critical technique of heavy metal activation for enhancing phytoextraction through the formation of soluble metal complexes which will be more readily available for extraction. The preliminary, dynamic, equilibrium activation experiments and speciation analysis of Pb, Cd and Tl in contaminated red soils were used to select six chelates with relatively good activation performance from nine chelates, and the effects of dosage and pH on the heavy metals activation were studied systematically. Results showed that the activation of Pb, Cd and Tl by chelates reached equilibrium within 2 h, and the activation process showed three stages. Under neutral conditions, chelates had better activation performance on Pb- and Cd-contaminated soils. Except for S,S-ethylenediamine disuccinic acid (S,S-EDDS) and citric acid (CA), the maximum equilibrium activation effect (MEAE) of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), N,N-bis (carboxymethyl) glutamic acid (GLDA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) and aminotriacetic acid (NTA) was over 81%. The MEAE of Tl-contaminated soil was less than 15%. The decreasing order of the dosage of chelating agents corresponding to MEAE for three types of contaminated soils was Pb-, Cd- and Tl-contaminated soil, relating to the forms of heavy metals, the stability constants of metal–chelates and the activation of non-target elements Fe in red soil. Under acidic conditions, the activation efficiencies of chelates decreased to differing degrees in Pb- and Cd-contaminated soils, whereas the activation efficiencies of chelating agents in Tl-contaminated soils were slightly enhanced.
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8

Johnston, I. A., N. J. Cole, M. Abercromby, and V. L. A. Vierira. "Embryonic temperature modulates muscle growth characteristics in larval and juvenile herring." Journal of Experimental Biology 201, no. 5 (March 1, 1998): 623–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.201.5.623.

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The influence of embryonic and larval temperature regime on muscle growth was investigated in Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus L.). Eggs of spring-spawning Clyde herring were incubated at 5 degrees C, 8 degrees C or 12 degrees C until hatching and then reared until after metamorphosis at rising temperatures to simulate a seasonal warming. Metamorphosis to the juvenile stage was complete at 37 mm total length (TL), after an estimated 177 days as a larva at 5 degrees C, 117 days at 8 degrees C and 101 days at 12 degrees C. Growth rate and the development of median fins were retarded in relation to body length at 5 degrees C compared with 8 degrees C and 12 degrees C. Between hatching (at 8-9 mm TL) and 16 mm TL, there was a threefold increase in total muscle cross-sectional area, largely due to the hypertrophy of the embryonic red and white muscle fibres. The recruitment of additional white muscle fibres started at approximately 15 mm TL at all temperatures, and by 37 mm was estimated to be 66 fibres day-1 at 5 degrees C and 103 fibres day-1 at 8 degrees C and 12 degrees C. Peptide mapping studies revealed a change in myosin heavy chain composition in white muscle fibres between 20 and 25 mm TL. Embryonic red muscle fibres expressed fast myosin light chains until 24-28 mm TL at 5 degrees C and 22 mm TL at 12 degrees C, and new red fibres were added at the horizontal septum starting at the same body lengths. Following metamorphosis, the total cross-sectional area of muscle was similar at different temperatures, although the number of red and white fibres per myotome was significantly greater at the warmest than at the coldest regime. For example, the mean number of white muscle fibres per myotome in 50 mm TL juveniles was calculated to be 23.4 % higher at 12 degrees C (12 065) than at 5 degrees C (9775). In other experiments, spring-spawning (Clyde) and autumn-spawning (Manx) herring were reared at different temperatures until first feeding and then transferred to ambient seawater temperature and fed ad libitum for constant periods. These experiments showed that, for both stocks, the temperature of embryonic development influenced the subsequent rate of muscle fibre recruitment and hypertrophy as well as the density of muscle nuclei. Labelling experiments with 5'-bromo-2-deoxyuridine showed that both the hypertrophy and recruitment of muscle fibres involved a rapidly proliferating population of myogenic precursor cells. The cellular mechanisms underlying the environmental modulation of muscle growth phenotype are discussed.
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9

Pathmanandavel, Sarennya, Megan Crumbaker, Andrew O. Yam, Andrew Nguyen, Remy Niman, Peter Wilson, Shikha Sharma, et al. "Quantifying molecular imaging patterns of treatment response or progression using a novel traffic light workflow within a prospective phase I/II trial of 177LuPSMA-617 and NOX66 (LuPIN)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2022): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.6_suppl.166.

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166 Background: 177Lutetium PSMA-617 (LuPSMA) is an effective therapy for metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, treatment resistance may occur. We developed a quantitative workflow for serial PSMA PET/CT to optimise predictive and prognostic imaging biomarker capability for progression free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Methods: 56 men with mCRPC previously treated with taxane chemotherapy and androgen signaling inhibitor were enrolled, receiving up to 6 doses of LuPSMA and a radiation sensitizer idronoxil (NOX66). 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT was performed at study entry and exit. Traffic Light (TL) quantification workflow was developed to track changes in both tumour volume and intensity at a total body and lesional level. Lesions were classified as responding in green (>30% decline in volume), stable in yellow (<30% change in volume/intensity), progressive in red (>30% increase in volume/intensity, or new). Overall response pattern was categorised as responding ( green/yellow), low volume red (<50% progressive disease) or high volume red (>50% progressive disease). TL workflow results were correlated with PFS and OS. Results: 37/56 men underwent both entry and exit imaging. The median PSA decline was 77% (IQR 34-92%), and 70% (26/37) achieved PSA response >50%. PSA progression occurred in 54% (20/37) at exit imaging. Median PFS was 8.6 months (95%CI 5.6-11.6) and median OS 22 months (95% CI 18.6-25.6). 95% (35/37) had reduction in PSMA SUVmax (-26.1 (IQR +11.7 to -89.4)) and SUVmean (-3.3 (+2.9 to -14.2)). PSMA total tumor volume reduced in 68% (25/37) (median -0.64 liters (range +1.44 to -1.1)). On TL workflow, 24% (9/37) had responding/stable disease ( green/ yellow), 76% (28/37) had progressive disease ( red) of whom 41% (15/37) had low volume progression and 35% (13/37) high volume progression. Men with high volume progression had worse OS compared to responders (HR 0.18 (0.05-0.59), p 0.005), and low volume progression (HR 0.30 (0.11-0.80), p 0.02). 68% (19/28) had progression on both TL workflow and PSA, while 32% (9/28) had progression on TL workflow without PSA progression. In multivariable analysis, TL workflow and PSA progression at time of exit scans were independent predictors of OS (Table). Conclusions: This study demonstrates the feasibility of characterizing lesional response on molecular imaging with a quantification TL workflow. TL workflow response independently correlated with survival outcomes, indicating serial PSMA PET has prognostic biomarker potential. Clinical trial information: ACTRN12618001073291.[Table: see text]
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10

Cohen, Joel E., and Meng Xu. "Random sampling of skewed distributions implies Taylor’s power law of fluctuation scaling." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 25 (April 7, 2015): 7749–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1503824112.

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Taylor’s law (TL), a widely verified quantitative pattern in ecology and other sciences, describes the variance in a species’ population density (or other nonnegative quantity) as a power-law function of the mean density (or other nonnegative quantity): Approximately, variance = a(mean)b, a > 0. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed to explain and interpret TL. Here, we show analytically that observations randomly sampled in blocks from any skewed frequency distribution with four finite moments give rise to TL. We do not claim this is the only way TL arises. We give approximate formulae for the TL parameters and their uncertainty. In computer simulations and an empirical example using basal area densities of red oak trees from Black Rock Forest, our formulae agree with the estimates obtained by least-squares regression. Our results show that the correlated sampling variation of the mean and variance of skewed distributions is statistically sufficient to explain TL under random sampling, without the intervention of any biological or behavioral mechanisms. This finding connects TL with the underlying distribution of population density (or other nonnegative quantity) and provides a baseline against which more complex mechanisms of TL can be compared.
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11

Liu, Jing, Li Song, Tingting Jiang, Xuan Jia, and Liang Tan. "Continuous treatment of Acid Red B with activated sludge bioaugmented by a yeast Candida tropicalis TL-F1 and microbial community dynamics." Water Science and Technology 76, no. 11 (August 24, 2017): 2979–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.473.

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Abstract Continuous treatment of Acid Red B (ARB) with activated sludge (AS) bioaugmented by an azo-degrading yeast Candida tropicalis TL-F1 under aerobic conditions was investigated in the form of sequencing batch tests. Dynamics of both bacterial and fungal communities were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction followed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) method. The results showed that bioaugmentation with the yeast TL-F1 improved the performance of AS for continuously decolorizing, degrading and detoxifying ARB. Meanwhile, the AS systems bioaugmented by the yeast TL-F1 showed higher sludge concentration and better AS settleability. The result of PCR-DGGE suggested that microbial communities of both bacteria and fungi shifted due to treatment of ARB and bioaugmentation. Some dominant bacteria and fungi were identified as probably efficient degraders of ARB or its decolorization byproducts. Furthermore, the yeast TL-F1 was found as one of the dominant fungi in all the three bioaugmented systems, suggesting that bioaugmentation was successful due to the colonization of the yeast TL-F1 in AS systems.
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12

Lai, ZhongPing, Andrew S. Murray, Richard M. Bailey, Sébastien Huot, and Lars Bøtter-Jensen. "Quartz red TL SAR equivalent dose overestimation for Chinese loess." Radiation Measurements 41, no. 1 (January 2006): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2005.06.006.

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13

Lin, Hua, A. Xiao Xu, Guo Liang Chen, Zi Shan Zheng, Heng Lin, Bi Sang Chen, Ling Feng Huang, Hong Xu Guo, and Yan Xu. "Synthesis of a New Red Long Persistent Phosphor Sr2ZnSi2O7: Eu3+, Lu3+ via Sol–Gel Method and Investigation of its Luminescence." Advanced Materials Research 393-395 (November 2011): 362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.393-395.362.

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A novel red long persistent phosphor of Sr2ZnSi2O7: Eu3+, Lu3+ was successfully synthesized with sol–gel method. Its properties were systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), luminescence, afterglow decay curves and thermoluminescence (TL) spectra. The red phosphor showed one emission peak at 616.9nm, which is attributed to the typical 5D0–7F2 transition of Eu3+ ions as luminescent centers in Sr2ZnSi2O7 host. Lu3+ as a sensitized ion played an important role in enhancing the long afterglow performance of Sr2ZnSi2O7: Eu3+, Lu3+. Under UV light irradiation, this phosphor showed obvious red long-lasting phosphorescence that can be clearly seen with naked eyes in a dark room for over 20s after the irradiation source has been removed. Thermoluminescence (TL) measurement showed that Lu3+ co-dopan can reduce the trap depth of the title phosphor to obtain suitable ones.
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14

Lü, Tongyan, and Jimin Sun. "Luminescence sensitivities of quartz grains from eolian deposits in northern China and their implications for provenance." Quaternary Research 76, no. 2 (September 2011): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2011.06.015.

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AbstractThe thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) sensitivities of quartz grains from deserts and loess–red clay sequences are used to trace eolian provenances in northern China. Our results indicate that the 110°C TL peak and OSL sensitivities of quartz grains show differences among Chinese deserts, which can be subdivided into four groups according to the spatial variations of luminescence sensitivities. Such differences are related mostly to the regional difference in rock types of mountains surrounding or adjacent to the deserts. We also examine the possible provenance changes between the Quaternary loess and the Tertiary eolian red clay, and the results indicate that the luminescence sensitivity of Tertiary red clay is higher than that of Quaternary loess (L1, L15, and L33), implying source materials of the eolian deposits changed relative to those of the Quaternary.
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15

Kjelgren, Roger. "WATER STRESS DETECTION WITH FOLIAGE TEMPERATURE FOR IRRIGATION SCHEDULING IN NURSERY PRODUCTION." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 636c—636. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.636c.

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Changes in foliage temperature with environmental conditions were investigated for use in detecting water stress and scheduling irrigations of woody nursery plants. Midday leaf-minus-air temperature (Tl-Ta) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) were monitored seasonally for container-grown shrubs--prostrate juniper, upright juniper and dwarf red-stem dogwood--at open and closed spacings. There was an inverse relationship between Tl-Ta and VPD for all species and spacings but with substantial scatter. Slopes for openand closed-spaced shrubs were not significantly different for any species. As container moisture and predawn leaf water potential declined during a dry-down cycle Tl-Ta increased significantly over well-watered levels for open-spaced plants and closed-spaced dogwood. In a field experiment Tl-Ta and VPD were monitored in young London plane, flowering pear, and redbud with-and-without irrigation. Only irrigated London plane Tl-Ta was inversely related to VPD. Leaves coated with petroleum jelly, however, had Tl-Ta levels consistently greater than uncoated leaves in all species, and non-irrigated Tl-Ta rose to those levels during a mid-summer drought. These results suggest that irrigation of container shrubs can be timed to increases in Tl-Ta with VPD, while comparing coated and non-coated Tl-Ta may be more successful for irrigated field production.
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16

Yamada, Hiroshi, Xiao Yan Fu, and Chao Nan Xu. "Triboluminescence of SrAl2O4:Eu Film with Strong Adhesion Fabricated by a Combination of RF Magnetron Sputtering and Post-Annealing Treatment." Key Engineering Materials 368-372 (February 2008): 1362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.368-372.1362.

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Strongly adherent SrAl2O4:Eu films were fabricated on the rough surface of an alumina substrate by a combination of the RF magnetron sputtering technique and a post-annealing treatment. A crystalline SrAl2O4:Eu2+ film was achieved after annealing at 1000°C in reduced atmosphere and it exhibit a intensively green PL and triboluminescence (TL) while an as-deposition film showed the amorphous state and weakly red photoluminescence (PL). It was found that the fabricated films possessed a strong durability of a friction, exhibiting no peeling, cracking, and breaking in the films after TL measurements. These results will facilitate a development of novel TL skin sensors.
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17

Gandhi, Shreyans A., Jie Jiang, Nana benson-Quarm, Syed A. Mian, Steve Best, Austin Kulasekararaj, Judith C. Marsh, and Ghulam Mufti. "Telomere Gene Complex Mutations Are Frequently Found with Shortened Telomeres in Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis; Correlation with Haematological and Clinical Features." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 2935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.2935.2935.

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Abstract Shortened telomeres are seen in approximately a quarter of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and aplastic anemia (AA) and may have a role in disease pathogenesis. Mutations in the telomere gene complex (TGC) are less frequently seen in IPF (1%) and 5-10% in AA. Novel mutations affecting telomere function are increasingly being reported and involve the telomerase genes, the shelterin and helicase complexes, but their prognostic significance remains undefined. We report results on telomere length (TL) using multiplex quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and mutation analysis on a customised panel of 10 TGC genes (TERT, TERC, DKC1, TINF2, NHP2, NOP10, RTEL1, CTC1, USB1 and WRAP) using deeply parallel sequencing in a cohort of 69 patients with AA and IPF and their effects on clinical variables and response rates. 69 patients (49 with AA, 14 with IPF and 6 with a bone marrow failure syndrome (BMFS) and pulmonary fibrosis; M/F =43/26) with a median age of 49.7 years (range 9-81) had TL (T/S ratio) tested using qPCR on peripheral blood mononuclear cells at diagnosis or pre-treatment. Massively parallel targeted sequencing of the TGC was performed in all cases and constitutional mutations identified using the exome variant server. Clinical variables studied included hemoglobin (Hb) level, neutrophil count (ANC), platelet count (PC), LDH and albumin levels, and response rates to immunosuppressive treatment (IST). In patients with AA and other BMFS, red cell and platelet transfusion dependency, bone marrow cellularity (<30), cytogenetics and p53 (Modified Quick score >1) on bone marrow (BM) staining were correlated with TL and presence of any TGC mutations. In patients with IPF, corrected transfer factor (Kco) was correlated with TL and mutation analysis. 44/69 (64%) had TL below the 1st centile and 20 (29%) of them had TL very significantly below the 1st centile compared to a normal cohort (n=180) of age-matched individuals. Median Hb was (11g/dl), ANC was 1.69 and PC was 96x109/l. There was no statistical difference between patients whose TL was below or above the 1st centile for Hb levels, reticulocyte count or PC. 24 patients (34.7%) were red cell transfusion dependent and 15(21.7%) needed platelet transfusions. 42/55 (76.3%) had BM cellularity < 30% and was not statistically significant between patients with TL above or below the 1st centile. Similarly there was no statistical difference in LDH and albumin levels between the two groups. Equal number of patients were treated with IST between the two groups and response rates were similar. Median levels of Kco (0.95) were identical in IPF patients. 62 (89.8%) of patients were alive at a median follow up of 2.15 years (range 0.3-26.8). TGC mutations were seen 16 patients (23%) in the entire cohort with 13/44 (30%) were seen where TL was below the 1st centile as compared to 3/25 (12%) where TL was above the 1st centile (p<0.14). 11 patients had TERT (all missense), 4 TERC (non-coding transcript) and 1 RTEL mutations were identified. TERT A279T was the commonest mutation seen, in 4 patients. In our cohort, about two-thirds of patients had TL below the 1st centile. TL, however, does not affect blood counts, BM cellularity and p53 staining, red cell or platelet transfusion dependency or Kco in patients with IPF. A higher proportion of patients with TL below the 1st centile were found to have TGC mutations, although statistical significance was not achieved. Missense mutations in TERT were the most frequent followed by mutations in TERC. Patients with TL <1st centile were diagnosed at a younger age, and where TGC mutations were present, were also likely to show other features of telomereopathy. Table Variable TL < 1st centile TL > 1st centile Male/Female (Total) 29/15 (44) 14/11 (25) Age < 40 years at diagnosis 23 (52.2%) 7 (28%) TGC mutations % 30 12 Hb (g/dl) 11 11.2 Reticulocyte count ( x 10*9/L) 52 57 ANC ( x 10*9/L) 1.69 2.79 PC ( x 10*9/L) 90 139 Albumin g/dl 42 42 LDH (IU) 211 210 AA/BMFS 37 18 Red cell transfusion dependency % 36 44.4 Platelet transfusion dependency % 18.1 38.8% Cytogenetic abnormality % 15.6 0 BM cellularity < 30% % 77.7 72.2 P53 (Modified quick score >1) % 34.7 40 Treatment with IST Response % 23 (62.1%) 69.5% 11 (64.7%) 72.7% IPF 7 7 Kco 0.95 (0.6-1.9) 0.95 (0.8-1.2) Disclosures Kulasekararaj: Alexion Pharmaceuticals: Speakers Bureau.
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18

Kaur, Jagjeet, Yogita Parganiha, and Vikas Dubey. "Luminescence Studies of Eu3+ Doped Calcium Bromofluoride Phosphor." Physics Research International 2013 (August 20, 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/494807.

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The present paper reports photoluminescence (PL) and thermoluminescence (TL) properties of rare earth-doped calcium bromo-fluoride phosphor. The europium (Eu3+) was used as rare earth dopant. The phosphor was prepared by Solid state reaction method (conventional method). The PL emission spectrum of the prepared phosphor shows intense peaks in the red region at 611 nm for 5D0→7F2 transitions, and the PL excitation spectra show a broad band located around 220–400 nm for the emission wavelength fixed at 470 nm. The TL studies were carried out after irradiating the phosphor by UV rays with different exposure time. The glow peak shows second-order kinetics. The present phosphor can act as host for red light emission in display devices.
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19

Zöller, Ludwig, and Henrik Blanchard. "The partial heat – longest plateau technique: Testing TL dating of Middle and Upper Quaternary volcanic eruptions in the Eifel Area, Germany." E&G Quaternary Science Journal 58, no. 1 (December 1, 2009): 86–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3285/eg.58.1.05.

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Abstract. Middle and Upper Quaternary volcanic events are often difficult to date, in particular when minerals suitable for 40Ar/39Ar-dating are missing. Here, we present first tests of a newly developed technique to use the thermoluminescence (TL) of maar tephra and crustal xenoliths for dating the eruption event. We take into consideration that resetting of the latent geological TL of country rock fragments during eruption may be incomplete. We therefore develop the “partial heat – longest plateau” (PHLP) technique to approach the inherited TL signal at eruption. This technique can overcome TL age overestimates due to incomplete zeroing, as is demonstrated for some eruptions in the Quaternary Eifel Volcanic Field, Germany, in the time range from 11 to 300 ka old. Although we avoid the often observed strong anomalous fading of volcanic feldspars and other volcanic minerals by using heated country rock xenoliths, we still face the problem of longer-term anomalous fading which may be responsible for apparent age underestimates. The orange-red TL emissions (RTL) of pure fine-grained quartz extracts from crustal xenoliths are also tested from two samples. This approach needs, however, further systematic investigations into the TL characteristics of RTL.
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20

Jabbar, Meuthia Aula, Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal, Mennofatria Boer, Ali Suman, and I. Nyoman Suyasa. "REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF THE RED BIGEYE (Priacanthus macracanthus Cuvier, 1829) IN PALABUHANRATU BAY, INDONESIA." Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal 24, no. 1 (August 13, 2018): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.24.1.2018.25-36.

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The reference point of reproductive biology play an important roles in developing a baseline information for fishery management. Different waters will provide different overview of fisheries related to its biological aspects. The red bigeye (Priacanthus macracanthus) is one of economically important demersal fish species in Indonesia. To support the biological status of this species, a regular field observation were carried out during May 2016 to April 2017 in Palabuhanratu bay, south of West Java. The objective of this study is to estimate the spawning season and potential reproductive stages including to evaluate how the key management related to the species and its gear selectivity. Numbers of red bigeye (Priacanthus macracanthus) specimen was collected from bottom gillnetter and hand liner. Basic information related to length-weigth, bio-reproduction (maturity) were collected regularly to determine GSI, Fecundity and its impact of fishing (Lc, Lm) to evaluate the recent stock status. The result showed sex ratio no significant differences between males and females except in September to December. The growth pattern indicated negative allometric. The predicted of spawning seasons were around June-July and December-January. Mean of fecundity was estimated to be 230,000 ± 178,000 eggs. Management keys were obtained i.e. length at first maturity (Lm) value was to be 21.9 cm TL which is smaller than length at first capture (Lc) 22.4 cm TL for bottom gill netter and 23.1 cm TL for average fishes caught by hand liner. Therefore it is recommended to close the waters in the bay area during the spawning period. In the case of catch, it is important to apply the precautionary approach with emphasizes to the size of fish allowed to be captured more than the Lm value (above 21.9 cm TL).
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Fishelson, L., A. Baranes, and Y. Delarea. "Morphogenesis of the salt gland in the viviparous Oman shark, Iago omanensis (Triakidae) from the Gulf of Aqaba (Red Sea)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 84, no. 2 (April 2004): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315404009403h.

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The morphogenesis and cytogenesis of the salt gland was studied in various embryonic stages of the viviparous Oman shark, Iago omanensis, from the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. The primordium of the gland is revealed in embryos of 18 mm total length (TL) as a protrusion of the gut posterior to the spiral valve, enveloped in the peritoneal epithelium. In 30 mm TL embryos the glandular parenchyma begins to be organized into secretory tubules extending radially and opening into the central canal of the gland. From this stage on the developments include: thickening of the gland capsule and formation of internal lobules by extensions of connective tissue; strong amplification of the basolateral cell membranes of secretory cells into the cell-cytosols; enlargement of the gland by hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the ion-transporting cells. In 65 (±5) mm TL embryos the gland closely resembles that in adult fish and in pre-term juveniles of 165 (±5) mm TL the gland in general morphology and cytology is identical to that of adults. The results demonstrate that at time of liberation into the environment the juvenile of Iago omanensis is provided for osmoregulation with a functional gland.
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leu, ming-yih, chyng-hwa liou, and lee-shing fang. "embryonic and larval development of the malabar grouper, epinephelus malabaricus (pisces: serranidae)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 85, no. 5 (October 2005): 1249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315405012397.

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the embryonic and larval development of epinephelus malabaricus are described and illustrated for the first time. fertilized eggs, with a mean diameter of 0.90±0.02 mm and a range from 0.87 to 0.93 mm, were spherical, transparent, buoyant and unpigmented. embryonic development lasted 26 h 30 min at 25.5°c. newly hatched larvae were 1.93±0.04 mm in total length (tl) with 26 (11+15) myomeres and had an oil globule in the ventroposterior area of the yolk sac. three days after hatching (2.76 mm tl), the mouth opened. early larvae had two clusters of well-developed melanophores appearing on the alimentary canal and at the caudal region of the body, and the appearance of xanthophores on the dorsal finfold. nine days after hatching (4.04 mm tl), the buds of the second dorsal and pelvic fin spines had appeared. at 5.41 mm tl, the notochord was slightly flexed, and the hypural bones and caudal fin rays had begun to develop. at 7.39 mm tl, the ratios of the second dorsal and pelvic-fin spine lengths to tl attained their maximums, 52.68% and 48.62%, respectively. at 20.19 mm tl, all fins had the adult complement of rays and spines. by 30.18 mm tl, the body had become red, with five irregular, oblique, dark brown bars visible on the body. the larval habitat shifted from the surface and middle layers to the tank bottom.
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23

Spooner, N. A., and A. D. Franklin. "Effect of the heating rate on the red TL of quartz." Radiation Measurements 35, no. 1 (January 2002): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1350-4487(01)00109-3.

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24

Miallier, D., S. Sanzelle, C. Falguères, J. Faïn, M. Montret, Th Pilleyre, S. Soumana, M. Laurent, G. Camus, and A. De Goër de Hervé. "Intercomparison of red TL and ESR signals from heated quartz grains." Radiation Measurements 23, no. 1 (January 1994): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1350-4487(94)90031-0.

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25

Pilleyre, Th, M. Montret, J. Fain, D. Miallier, and S. Sanzelle. "Attempts at dating ancient volcanoes using the red TL of quartz." Quaternary Science Reviews 11, no. 1-2 (January 1992): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(92)90036-8.

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26

Miller, Maurice O., and Dionne A. Miller. "The Technological Enhancement of Normally Occurring Radioactive Materials in Red Mud due to the Production of Alumina." International Journal of Spectroscopy 2016 (March 16, 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4589460.

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This study investigates the level of technological enhancement of normally occurring radioactive materials (TENORM) in the red mud waste due to the production of alumina in Jamaica. Technological enhancements factors (TEF) were determined for the uranium, thorium, actinium series, their progenies, and the nonseries potassium-40 using gamma spectrometry. The study concluded that bauxite production technologically enhances the uranium progenies Th-234, Pb-214, Bi-214, and Pa-234 and the thorium-232 progenies Ac-228, Pb-212, and Bi-212 in red mud. The actinium series was technologically enhanced, but K-40 and the thorium daughter, Tl-208, were reduced. The spectrometric comparison of Tl-208 (at 510 keV) was unexpected since its other photopeaks at 583 keV, 934 keV, and 968 keV were markedly different. An explanation for this anomaly is discussed. An explanation regarding the process of accumulation and fractionation of organically derived phosphate deposits and potassium-feldspar is offered to explain the spectrometric differences between the alumina product and its waste material, red mud.
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Gamal, G. A., M. Abou Zied, and A. A. Ebnalwaled. "Electronic Properties of Red P-Type Tl 2 S 5 Single Crystals." Chinese Physics Letters 22, no. 6 (May 25, 2005): 1530–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/22/6/064.

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28

Ganzawa, Yoshihiro, Hideaki Furukawa, Tetsuo Hashimoto, Serge Sanzelle, Didier Miallier, and Thierry Pilleyre. "Single grains dating of volcanic quartz from pyroclastic flows using Red TL." Radiation Measurements 39, no. 5 (October 2005): 479–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2004.10.012.

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29

Lai, ZhongPing, and Andrew Murray. "Red TL of quartz extracted from Chinese loess: Bleachability and saturation dose." Radiation Measurements 41, no. 7-8 (August 2006): 836–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2006.04.017.

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30

Miallier, D., J. Faïn, M. Montret, Th Pilleyre, S. Sanzelle, and S. Soumana. "Properties of the red TL peak of quartz relevant to thermoluminescence dating." International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part D. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 18, no. 1-2 (January 1991): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1359-0189(91)90098-3.

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31

Lian, Zhi Hong, and Qiang Su. "Long Lasting Phosphorescence in Mn2+-Activeted ZnO-B2O3 Glass." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.54.

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Mn2+ activated ZnO-B2O3 glasses show bright and long-lasting phosphorescence (LLP). After irradiation by 254nm light, a visible red light with dominating peak at 600nm can be observed with the naked eye in the dark for up to 12h after removal of the activating light. We examined the luminescence properties using fluorescence, phosphorescence spectra and thermostimulated luminescence (TL). This phosphorescence arises from d-d transitions of Mn2+ ions. The thermostimulated luminescence (TL) intensity increases with the increasing of Mn2+ concentration from 1×10-3 mol % to 1×10-1 mol %. The decay curve of the LLP is consistent with the TL releasing velocity raised from defects of 420K. Based on the fact, we suggest that LLP is a special kind of thermostimulate luminescence. The storage and releasing of energy is closely associated with properties of defects, while the properties of LLP are related to both the defects and luminescence centers.
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32

Arkhipkin, A., P. Brickle, V. Laptikhovsky, L. Butcher, E. Jones, M. Potter, and D. Poulding. "Variation in the diet of the red cod with size and season around the Falkland Islands (south-west Atlantic)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81, no. 6 (December 2001): 1035–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315401005021.

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Ontogenetic and seasonal variations in the diet were studied for a benthopelagic fish, the red cod Salilota australis (Pisces: Moridae) from the Falkland Islands shelf. The study revealed that small fish (<39 cm total length, TL) fed mainly on benthic gammarid amphipods, with squid Loligo gahi, Illex argentinus and the fish Patagonotothen spp. being of secondary importance. In medium sized fish (40–60 cm TL) the importance of fish in their diet increased, but benthic gammarid amphipods remained important, although their role decreased in the percentage by weight. Large fish (>61 cm TL) fed mainly upon Patagonotothen spp. which consisted of 90% by weight. Seasonal variations were analysed only for medium-sized fish. In February–June, S. australis fed mainly on benthic amphipods and Patagonotothen spp. In July–October, the squid Loligo gahi became the most common prey. In November–January benthic crustaceans reappeared in the diet, and Patagonotothen spp. became the most important prey item followed by benthic gammarid amphipods and the isopod Seriolis sp. The niche breadth was found to be similar in the different size groups (2·03–2·66), indicating that the fish fed on one to two abundant prey items in each group. The niche breadth of medium-sized fish varied seasonally reflecting the diversity of prey items utilized throughout the year.
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Yawata, T., and T. Hashimoto. "Development of a red TL detection system for a single grain of quartz." Radiation Measurements 42, no. 9 (October 2007): 1460–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.03.008.

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34

Juliawan, I. Wayan, I. Wayan Arthana, and Endang Wulandari Suryaningtyas. "Sebaran Pola Pertumbuhan Ikan Red Devil (Amphilophus sp) Di Kawasan Danau Batur, Bali." Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment 20, no. 2 (August 1, 2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/blje.2020.v20.i02.p05.

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Batur Lake is one of the lakes located in the Kintamani sub-district, Bali. This lake has abundant biodiversity, one of them is Red Devil fish (Amphilophus sp) which is a competitor of native and introduced fish. The research aims to find out the pattern of growth, size structure, and the physical and chemical conditions of waters. The method used was descriptive quantitative by using two trapping devices that were fishing rods and nets. Calculation results showed that a wide range of growth patterns of Red Devil (Amphilophus sp) fish on both trapping devices (fishing rods and nets) were grouped (Id<1). The highest sized structure value on the trapping devices (fishing rod) found in the water of Trunyan Village that was total length (TL) of 9,3 cm, Standard length (SL) of 7,3 cm, and weight: 16,5 gr. On the trapping devices (net) the highest value was found in the water of Songan Village that was total length (TL) of 13,5, SL of 11,1, and weight: 48,8 gr. The growth patterns of Red Devil (Amphilophus sp) fish based on length and weight analysis showed that were partly positive allometric and partly negative allometric. The result of the water quality measurement in the water of Batur Lake was about 26,3°C – 29,1°C (temperature), 5,36 mg/L – 6 mg/L, (DO), 7,2 – 7,8 (pH), and 87,1 cm – 147,8 cm (brightness).
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Bellavita, Rosa, Elisabetta Buommino, Bruno Casciaro, Francesco Merlino, Floriana Cappiello, Noemi Marigliano, Anella Saviano, et al. "Synthetic Amphipathic β-Sheet Temporin-Derived Peptide with Dual Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities." Antibiotics 11, no. 10 (September 21, 2022): 1285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11101285.

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Temporin family is one of the largest among antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which act mainly by penetrating and disrupting the bacterial membranes. To further understand the relationship between the physical-chemical properties and their antimicrobial activity and selectivity, an analogue of Temporin L, [Nle1, DLeu9, DLys10]TL (Nle-Phe-Val-Pro-Trp-Phe-Lys-Phe-dLeu-dLys-Arg-Ile-Leu-CONH2) has been developed in the present work. The design strategy consisted of the addition of a norleucine residue at the N-terminus of the lead peptide sequence, [dLeu9, dLys10]TL, previously developed by our group. This modification promoted an increase of peptide hydrophobicity and, interestingly, more efficient activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains, without affecting human keratinocytes and red blood cells survival compared to the lead peptide. Thus, this novel compound was subjected to biophysical studies, which showed that the peptide [Nle1, dLeu9, dLys10]TL is unstructured in water, while it adopts β-type conformation in liposomes mimicking bacterial membranes, in contrast to its lead peptide forming α-helical aggregates. After its aggregation in the bacterial membrane, [Nle1, dLeu9, dLys10]TL induced membrane destabilization and deformation. In addition, the increase of peptide hydrophobicity did not cause a loss of anti-inflammatory activity of the peptide [Nle1, dLeu9, dLys10]TL in comparison with its lead peptide. In this study, our results demonstrated that positive net charge, optimum hydrophobic−hydrophilic balance, and chain length remain the most important parameters to be addressed while designing small cationic AMPs.
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36

Rodríguez-Ibarra, Luz Estela. "Desarrollo osteológico de la columna vertebral y del complejo caudal de larvas de Lutjanus guttatus (Perciformes: Lutjanidae) en condiciones de cultivo." Revista de Biología Tropical 63, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v63i1.14648.

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<p>The spotted rose snapper (<em>Lutjanus guttatus</em>) is an important commercial species in Mexico with good culture potential. The osteological study at early stages in this species is an important tool to confirm normal bone structure and for the detection of malformations that may occur during early development. This study was carried out in order to evaluate and describe the normal osteological development of the vertebral column and caudal complex of this species grown under controlled conditions. For this, a total of 540 larvae of <em>L. guttatus</em>, between 2.1 and 17.5mm of total length (TL), were cultured during 36 days; culture conditions were 28ºC, 5.74mg/L oxygen and 32.2ups salinity with standard feeding rates. To detect growth changes, a sample of 15 organisms was daily taken from day one until day 36 of post-hatch (DPH). Samples were processed following standard techniques of clearing, and cartilage (alcian blue) and bone staining (alizarin red). Results showed that the vertebral column is composed of nine vertebrae in the abdominal region, and 14 vertebrae including the urostyle in the caudal region. The development of the axial skeleton starts with the neural arches and haemal arches at 3.8mm TL. Caudal elements such as the hypurals and parahypural began to develop at 4.1mm TL. Pre-flexion and flexion of the notochord and the formation of all hypurals were observed between 5.3 and 5.8mm TL. Ossification of the vertebrae in the abdominal region and in some neural arches initiated at 9.5mm TL. In the caudal region, all the neural and haemal arches ossified at 10.2mm TL. All the abdominal vertebrae and their respective neural arches and parapophyses ossified at 11.2mm TL, while the elements of the caudal complex that ossified were the hypurals, parahypurals and modified haemal spines. All caudal fin rays, 12 neural spines and 3 haemal arches were ossified by 15.5mm. The complete ossification process of this specie under laboratory culture conditions was observed when larvae reached 17.3mm TL on 36 DPH. Detailed analysis of the osteological structures will allow a reference description to evaluate and detect malformations that may occur during the larval culture of the spotted rose snapper.</p>
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37

Fragopoulou, Elizabeth, Filio Petsini, Maria Choleva, Maria Detopoulou, Olga S. Arvaniti, Eftyhia Kallinikou, Eleni Sakantani, Ageliki Tsolou, Tzortzis Nomikos, and Yiannis Samaras. "Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Platelet and Anti-Oxidant Activity of Wine Extracts Prepared from Ten Different Grape Varieties." Molecules 25, no. 21 (October 30, 2020): 5054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25215054.

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Inflammation, thrombosis and oxidative stress are rarely studied together when wine’s biological activity is concerned; hence the existing literature lacks a holistic point of view in the biological outcome. The scope of the present study is to parallel evaluate the effect of wine extracts on those mechanisms. Ten wine varieties and two different extraction methods were used leading to five extracts for each wine: total lipids (TL) and fractions with different phenolic compound classes (FI, FII, FIII and FIV). Their effect on oxidative stress, platelet aggregation and the secretion of cytokines from mononuclear cells was measured and a biological score was calculated. FII of white wines is the most potent extract and the extracts FIII and TL are following. Specifically, FII had higher anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory score while all three fractions had a similar anti-platelet score. Furthermore, FII and FIII extracts were the most potent red wine extracts and revealed the highest anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory scores. White wine FII extracts were more potent than the red wine ones while FI and FIV extracts of red wine were more potent than the white wine ones. In conclusion, the protective effect of a wine is independent of its color but is strongly associated with its microconstituents profile. FII extract revealed the highest biological score and further examination is needed in order to identify the compounds that are responsible for the aforementioned actions.
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38

Cankurtaran, M., and H. Çelik. "Comment on `Electronic Properties of Red P-Type Tl 2 S 5 Single Crystals'." Chinese Physics Letters 24, no. 6 (June 2007): 1786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/24/6/097.

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39

Visocekas, Raphaël, and Gilles Guérin. "TL dating of feldspars using their far-red emission to deal with anomalous fading." Radiation Measurements 41, no. 7-8 (August 2006): 942–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2006.04.023.

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40

Fattahi, M., and S. Stokes. "Extending the time range of luminescence dating using red TL (RTL) from volcanic quartz." Radiation Measurements 32, no. 5-6 (December 2000): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1350-4487(00)00105-0.

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41

Obata, Y., O. Taguchi, Y. Matsudaira, H. Hasegawa, N. Hamasima, and T. Takahashi. "Abnormal thymic development, impaired immune function and gamma delta T cell lymphomas in a TL transgenic mouse strain." Journal of Experimental Medicine 174, no. 2 (August 1, 1991): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.174.2.351.

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During derivation of transgenic mouse strains with various TL and TL/H-2 chimeric genes, one strain, Tg.Tlaa-3-1, introduced with a TL gene (Tlaa-3), was found to have an abnormal thymic T cell population and to develop a high incidence of T cell lymphomas. To investigate the etiology of the thymic abnormalities and of the lymphomas, the development of lymphoid organs in transgenic mice was studied. The thymus of these mice goes through three unusual successive events: perturbation of thymic development during embryogenesis, disappearance of thymocytes between day 14 and day 21 after birth, and subsequent proliferation of large blast-like cells. These events are associated with the abolishment of T cell receptor (TCR) alpha beta lineage of the T cell differentiation, leading to preponderance of cells belonging to the TCR gamma delta L3T4-Lyt-2- double negative (DN) lineage. Bone marrow transplantation and thymic graft experiments demonstrate that the abnormality resides in the bone marrow stem cells rather than in the thymic environment. The expression of TL antigen in the transgenic mice is greatly increased and TL is expressed in a wide range of T cells, including normally TL- DN cells and L3T4+ Lyt-2- and L3T4-Lyt-2+ single positive cells. These quantitative and qualitative abnormalities in TL expression most likely cause the abnormal T cell differentiation. The gamma delta DN cells migrate into peripheral lymphoid organs and constitute nearly 50% of peripheral T cells. Immune function of the transgenic mice is severely impaired, as T cell function is defective in antibody production to sheep red blood cells, in mixed lymphocyte culture reaction to allogenic spleen cells and also in stimulation with concanavalin A. These results indicate that the gamma delta cells are incapable of participating in these reactions. Molecular and serological analysis of T cell lymphomas reveal that they belong to the gamma delta lineage, suggesting that the gamma delta DN cells in this strain are susceptible to leukemic transformation. Based on cell surface phenotype and TCR expression of the DN thymocytes and T cell lymphomas, a map of the sequential steps involved in the differentiation of gamma delta DN cells is proposed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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42

McCOSKER, JOHN E., SERGEY V. BOGORODSKY, AHMAD O. MAL, and TILMAN J. ALPERMANN. "Description of a new snake eel Ophichthus olivaceus (Teleostei: Anguilliformes, Ophichthidae) from the Red Sea." Zootaxa 4750, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4750.1.2.

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A new species of snake eel Ophichthus olivaceus is described based on two specimens trawled from a depth of 35–63 m from a soft substratum off Jizan, Red Sea coast of southern Saudi Arabia. It differs from its congeners by the following combination of characters: vertebrae 141–145; tail moderately short (2.15 in TL); head short (9.6–11.1 in TL); uniserial teeth in jaws and on vomer; pectoral fins slightly elongate, not lanceolate, upper rays longer than the lower; dorsal-fin origin above middle of pectoral fin; and a generally uniform, dark tan body with an olivaceous hue shading to tan or pale orange ventrally, with two pale yellow blotches above pectoral-fin base, snout and lower jaw dark brown, and olivaceous median fins. Its divergence from other mitochondrial-analyzed species is shown by phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial COI barcoding region. A key to the Indian Ocean species is provided.
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43

Buttiglieri, Stefano, Tiziana Spatola, Marco Ruella, Alessandra Risso, Melissa Montanini, Silvia Tracchi, Lorenzo Silengo, Enrico Avvedimanto, and Corrado Tarella. "Exposure of Cultured Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Chemotherapy Induces An Early and Permanent Telomere Loss: Biological and Clinical Implications." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 4776. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4776.4776.

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Abstract Abstract 4776 Introduction. A good indicator of the rate of cell ageing is the length of telomeres, the long tandem repeat sequences at the end of chromosomes. Telomere length (TL) in humans decreases at each somatic cell division, and undergoes progressive shortening with increasing age. Indeed, cell proliferation has been considered the primary factor responsible of TL shortening and ultimately of the cell ageing process. Exposure to DNA-damaging substances has been proposed as an alternative and relevant factor involved in the cell ageing process. In spite of the number of studies in both human and animal models, few information is available on the role of both cell proliferation and DNA damage in normal human stem cells. The present study addressed this issue by investigating the ageing process in cultured Bone-Marrow (BM) human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). Aim of the study has been to investigate whether and how exposure to toxic agents may affect the rate of TL shortening in cultured MSCs. Methods. 1. MSCs were cultured from human mononuclear BM cells, obtained from normal volunteers or patients undergoing routine diagnostic procedures; cells were seeded in MEM-alpha medium containing heparin and 10% platelet lysates and fed at 3–4 day intervals, until they reached confluence; they were then detached with trypsin-EDTA solution and reseeded for the experimental tests. Cultured MSC were identified for positivity of CD105, CD90, CD29, CD44 and negativity for CD14, CD34 and CD45 by flow cytometry; 2. cultured MSC were assayed for response to DNA-damaging drugs between the second and the third passage in culture. Two chemotherapeutic drugs were employed to induce DNA damage: Doxorubicin (Doxo) and etoposide (Eto). Cells were incubated for 2 hours with decreasing doses of the tested drugs, and 10 nM Doxo and 500 ng/ml Eto were the highest doses of the drugs that were used without any distress on cell proliferation and cell viability. The 2-hour exposure to chemotherapy was repeated at 7 day intervals up to four times; 3. telomere was evaluate in MSCs before (day 0 or T0) and after exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs, i.e. at 7 – 14 –21 and 28 days of culture since drug exposure. TL was determined by the cytofluorimetric Flow-fish assay and by southern-blot analysis; 4. MSC were also cultured in differentiating medium in order to induce osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, evaluated by Alizarin red and Oil red staining, respectively; 5. lastly, both ATM phosphorilation and telomerase activation were assessed, by Western blot analysis and the TRAP assay, respectively. Results. 1. as expected, TL progressively decreased after 7 days in culture in untreated (NT) MSC (88,8% compared to T0); TL was further shortened as long as the cells were maintained in culture; 2. a marked TL shortening occurred in MSC already at day 7 after exposure to sub-lethal doses of Doxo and Eto, with a mean of 81,7% and 79,6% compared to T0, respectively. Indeed, a minimum of 5 days in culture was required to identify the earliest signs of telomere loss. Again, further TL shortening was observed later on and the difference in TL between NT and chemotherapy-exposed cells progressively increased: compared to T0, TL resulted of 82 % and 74% in NT cells, whereas TL was 68% and 54% in Doxo-treated, and 70% and 62% in Eto-treated, at week 3 and 4, respectively; 3. a single 2-hr exposure to Doxo or Eto induced a TL loss compared to NT cells, that was maintained unchanged at long-term in culture; 4. when MSC were assayed in differentiation inducing medium, cells exposed to chemotherapy displayed enhanced adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation compared to NT cells; 5. ATM was strongly phosphorilated following exposure to Doxo and Eto compared to NT MSC; ATM phosphorilation preceded TL loss; by contrast, telomerase was unaffected by chemotherapy exposure. Conclusions. i. human cultured MSCs exposed to chemotherapeutic drugs offer a simple and reliable means to investigate the correlation between DNA damage and cell ageing; ii. telomere loss is clearly detectable in MSCs already after 7 days following exposure to Doxo and Eto and remains detectable at long-term in culture as a permanent signature of the previous DNA damage; iii. the in vitro observation suggests that not only hematopoietic cells but also stromal cells, including MSCs, may experience relevant DNA damages following in vivo treatments with chemotherapeutic drugs. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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44

Fiecke, Chelsey, Daniel Gallaher, Senay Simsek, and Ashok Sharma. "Red Wheat Alters Colon Cancer Risk, Oxidative Stress, and the Gut Microbiome." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 1156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab054_011.

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Abstract Objectives Red wheat, the class of wheat used to make yeast bread products, is associated with reductions in colon cancer biomarkers, regardless of refinement state. We hypothesized that red wheat as well as the phenol-rich aleurone and testa layers of red wheat would reduce colonic precancerous lesions and oxidative stress, and beneficially modulate the gut microbiome in rats with diet-induced obesity. Methods Rats were divided into seven groups (12/group) and fed a normal fat diet (NFD), high-fat diet (50% of total kcal as fat, HFD), whole red wheat + HFD (whR + HFD), refined red wheat + HFD (refR + HFD), refined white wheat + HFD (refW + HFD), aleurone layer + HFD (AL + HFD), or testa layer + HFD (TL + HFD). After a 14-day adaptation period, rats received two i.p. injections of the colon-specific carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH), administered one week apart. Sixty-three days after the second injection, colons were harvested and precancerous lesions (aberrant crypt foci, ACF) were enumerated. Staining intensity of 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) was determined immunohistochemically in distal colon tissue. Microbial DNA from cecal contents was sequenced using a 16S rRNA metagenomic approach. Differences in alpha and beta diversity, and microbial abundances were determined. Results Compared to the NFD, the HFD had a greater number of ACF, regardless of size (i.e., AC/ACF). The refR + HFD had significant reductions in medium ACF (3–5 AC/ACF; 2.62 vs. 4.28), large ACF (≥6 AC/ACF; 0.06 vs. 0.45), ACF multiplicity (1.58 vs. 2.01) and 3-NT (% positivity per ACF; 2.06% vs. 4.51%) compared to the HFD. All diets containing wheat reduced large ACF number. The TL + HFD and AL + HFD demonstrated trends for reducing ACF with 8 AC (0.06 vs. 0.18) and 3-NT (2.22% vs. 4.51%), respectively, compared to the HFD. Beta diversity significantly differed between diet groups (R2 = 0.27, P = 0.001), and there was greater abundance of Faecalitalea, Fusicatenibacter, and Lactobacillus in the cecal contents of rats fed wheat-containing diets. Conclusions Red wheat reduces precancerous lesions, oxidative stress, and beneficially modulates the gut microbiome relative to a non-wheat diet. The phenol-rich testa and aleurone layers alone had little influence on these outcomes. Funding Sources NDSU Collaborative Seed Grant Program.
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45

Tsukamoto, S., A. S. Murray, S. Huot, T. Watanuki, P. M. Denby, and L. Bøtter-Jensen. "Luminescence property of volcanic quartz and the use of red isothermal TL for dating tephras." Radiation Measurements 42, no. 2 (February 2007): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2006.07.008.

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46

Visocekas, R. "Monitoring anomalous fading of TL of feldspars by using far-red emission as a gauge." Radiation Measurements 32, no. 5-6 (December 2000): 499–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1350-4487(00)00054-8.

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47

Visocekas, R., and A. Zink. "Use of the far red TL emission band of alkali feldspars for dosimetry and dating." Quaternary Science Reviews 18, no. 2 (February 1999): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-3791(98)00059-6.

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48

Hashimoto, T., K. Yokosaka, and H. Habuki. "Emission properties of thermoluminescence from natural quartz-blue and red TL response to absorbed dose." International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part D. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 13, no. 1 (January 1987): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1359-0189(87)90008-2.

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49

Papadopoulos, A., K. Giouri, E. Tzamos, A. Filippidis, and S. Stoulos. "Natural radioactivity and trace element composition of natural clays used as cosmetic products in the Greek market." Clay Minerals 49, no. 1 (March 2014): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2014.049.1.05.

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AbstractSeven commercial cosmetic clays having different colour (white, green, pink and red) available in pharmacies and herbalists’ shops in the Greek market have been examined for their trace element concentrations (Ag, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Ga, Hf, Hg, La, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sr, Tl, V, Y, Zn and Zr). According to EC Regulation 1223/2009 the presence of As, Be, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Se, Te, Tl, Zr and their compounds is prohibited in cosmetics. The most abundant trace elements in the white clays were P (330 μg/g), Pb (220 μg/g) and Zr (11 μg/g) and for the green clays were P (1250 μg/g), As (43 μg/g), Cr (31 μg/g), Pb (30 μg/g) and Ni (23 μg/g). Red and pink clays had lower concentrations of these elements than their white and green counterparts. The green clays are three times enriched in As and the kaolinite-rich white clays are nine times enriched in Pb compared to the Average Shale. The main mineral phase in the white clays is either kaolinite or calcite, in green clays smectite, in pink clay kaolinite and talc and in red clays it is vermiculite. The specific activities of 238U, 226Ra, 228Ra, 228Th and 40K were determined by γ-ray spectroscopy. The kaolinite-rich white clays are more enriched in 238U-series radionuclides (238U and 226Ra) than the smectitic green clays. In contrast, the green clays were more enriched in 232Th-series radionuclides (228Ra and 228Th) and 40K than the white clays.
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Janda, Tibor, Gabriella Szalai, Catherine Giauffret, Emil Páldi, and Jean-Marc Ducruet. "The Thermoluminescence 'Afterglow' Band as a Sensitive Indicator of Abiotic Stresses in Plants." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 54, no. 9-10 (October 1, 1999): 629–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1999-9-1003.

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Single turn-over xenon flashes induce a thermoluminescence (TL) B-band centred near 35 °C. The far-red illumination of leaves at non-freezing temperatures induces a band peaking at around 45 °C (afterglow or AG-band), together with a downshifted B-band peaking between 15 °C and 28 °C. In control, unfrozen wheat plants, the Tmax of the B-band induced after 30 s far-red light at 0 °C was approx. 15-18 °C. In maize plants grown under the same conditions, this far-red-induced downshift was not so strong, since the B-band peaked at 28 - 30 °C. Both a decline in the AG-band and a reversal of the downshift of the B-band were observed after short-term freezing in several plant species. There was usually a sudden drop in the AG-band below a critical freezing temperature. However, while in wheat plants a weak TL emission could be seen between 40-50 °C in frozen samples, in cold-sensitive maize plants this was completely suppressed and only the B-band could be detected. In cold-hardened wheat plants the temperature at which the AG-band was suppressed was lower than in non-hardened plants. Drought and short-term heat stress also affect the AG-band. As the AG-band was found to be more sensitive to several types of stresses than the B-band, it can be used as a sensitive stress indicator. However, the behaviour of the AG-band depends on several factors (for example the age of the leaf, etc.), which must be controlled if different species or varieties are to be compared
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