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1
Mayasari, Dian, and Wayan WANGIYANA. "PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BERBAGAI VARIETAS KACANG HIJAU ANTARA SISTEM MONOCROP DAN PENANAMAN BERSAMA PADI BERAS MERAH PADA SISTEM IRIGASI AEROBIK." AGROTEKSOS: Agronomi Teknologi dan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian 28, no. 2 (March 3, 2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/agroteksos.v28i2.347.
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This study aimed to compare growth and yield components of various mungbean varieties between growing in monocrop and growing together with red rice in aerobic irrigation system, by carrying out pot experiment in a plastic house located in Dasan Tebu village of Kediri District, in West Lombok, from May to September 2017. The experiment was designed according to the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications and two treatment factors arranged factorially, namely mungbean varieties (varieties of No.129, Merak, Vima-3, Vima-1, and Kenari) and planting patterns (in monocrop and growing together with rice). Data were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Honestly Significant Difference test (Tukey’s HSD) at 5% level of significance using the statistical software CoStat for Windows ver. 6.303. The results showed that there were different responses between several mungbean varieties to growing it together with red rice in relation to growth and yield components of mungbean. The mungbean variety No.129 showed higher seed yields when grown together with red rice (11.78 g/pot), whereas seed yield of the Vima-1 variety was lower (i.e. only 6.5 g/pot) and lowest when grown together with red rice plants compared with growing on the monocrop system (9.32 g/pot), while the Vima-3 variety showed non-significant differences in seed yields between growing together with red rice (11.66 g/pot) and growing in monocrop systems (10.09 g/pot). Therefore field testing experiments are required to find more tolerant mungbean varieties for planting together with rice plants in an intercropping system.
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Mondal, S., MIU Mollah, MH Rashid, S. Pramanik, and MR Dewan. "System Productivity of Rabi Vegetables and Aman Rice varieties in Rabi Vegetables-Mungbean-Aman Rice Cropping Pattern." Agriculturists 10, no. 2 (December 26, 2012): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i2.13149.
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Field experiments were conducted during 2007-2010 to evaluate the agro-economic productivity of BRRI Aman rice varieties and Rabi vegetables at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) in silty clay loam soil. Five Aman rice varieties having different growth durations and three winter vegetables viz., tomato, red amaranth and bush bean were evaluated in split plot design with three replications. Mungbean was grown in Kharif-I season. Rice varieties did not differ significantly in terms of grain yield (t ha-1). Among the three vegetables, the yields of tomato, red amaranth and bush bean were 35.02, 7.53 and 4.33 t ha-1, respectively. Average yield of Mungbean was 0.89 t ha-1. In case of rice equivalent yield (REY), Tomato-Mungbean-BRRI dhan33 cropping pattern produced comparatively high average REY (29.95 t ha-1) followed by Tomato-Mungbean-BRRI dhan39 (27.33 t ha-1) cropping pattern. Among the tested cropping patterns, Tomato-Mungbean-BRRI dhan33 and Tomato-Mungbean-BRRI dhan39 were more profitable than other patterns. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i2.13149 The Agriculturists 2012; 10(2) 120-126
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Sari, Ulfa Kariska, I. Komang Damar Jaya, and Novita Hidayatun Nufus. "PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN CABAI DI LAHAN KERING YANG DITUMPANGSARIKAN DENGAN TANAMAN KACANG-KACANGAN PADA WAKTU TANAM YANG BERBEDA." AGROTEKSOS 33, no. 1 (June 7, 2023): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/agroteksos.v33i1.804.
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This study aimed to determine growth and yield of red chili (Capsicum annum L.) in dryland intercropped with legumes at different planting times. A field experiment was conducted from May to September 2022 in Amor-Amor Hamlet, Gumantar Village, Kayangan District, North Lombok Regency. There were six intercropping treatments and three monoculture treatments tested. The treatments were: intercropping chili with groundnut or with mungbean planted or inserted at the same time, one week and three weeks after planting (WAP) the chili. The monoculture treatments were chili, groundnut and mungbean. The treatments were arranged in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. The results showed that intercropping chili with mungbean and groundnut at various planting times affected the growth and yield of chili. The yield of chili increased with the presence of groundnut planted simultaneously and with mungbean planted three weeks after chili. Meanwhile, there was a decrease in the yield of groundnut and mungbean as a result of intercropping treatment.
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Wangiyana, W., V. Karlina, and N. M. L. Ernawati. "Increasing crop diversity and yield of black rice through intercropping with mungbean at different row proportions on raised-beds." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1107, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1107/1/012012.
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Abstract Additive intercropping with legume crops such as soybean, peanut and mungbean was reported to increase growth and yield of red rice grown on raised-beds under aerobic irrigation systems. This study aimed to examine the effects of row proportions of rice-mungbean on growth, yield and land equivalent ratio (LER) of black rice in intercropping with mungbean grown on raised-beds under replacement series. The experiment was conducted in Beleke, West Lombok, Indonesia, from November 2018 to March 2019, which was designed according to Randomized Complete Block Design testing four treatments (RM-1:0= rice monocrop; RM-2:1= rice-mungbean 2:1 rows, RM-2:2= 2:2 rows, and RM-1:2= 1:2 rows). To measure LER, monocropped mungbean was also planted in each block. All crops were planted under 20x20 cm plant spacing. The results indicated that row proportions of rice-mungbean significantly affected numbers of green leaves, tillers, panicles and filled grains per clump, panicle length, grain yield and dry straw weight per clump, and total LER, which were higher on black rice intercropped with higher proportions of mungbean (RM-2:2 and RM-1:2) than on monocropped black rice. Black rice grain yield per clump tended to be highest in RM-1:2 but total LER was significantly highest (1.27 or 127%) in RM-2:2.
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Wangiyana, Wayan, I. Gusti Putu Muliarta Aryana, I. Gde Ekaputra Gunartha, and Ni Wayan Dwiani Dulur. "Pengaruh Inokulasi Mikoriza terhadap Komponen Hasil Padi Sistem Pengairan Aerobik yang Ditumpangsarikan dengan Kacang Hijau." agriTECH 38, no. 3 (March 12, 2019): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agritech.29062.
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This study was aimed to examine effect of inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and intercropping with several mungbean varieties on yield components of red rice grown under aerobic irrigation technique. The experiment was carried out in a pot in the plastic house from June to September 2017. The experiment was designed using Completely Randomized Design with two treatment factors arranged factorially, i.e. AMF inoculation (M0= without, or M1= with AMF inoculation) and mungbean varieties (V) grown together with red rice plant (V1= Kenari, V2= Vima-1, V3= Vima-3, V4= Merak, and V5= No. 129 ). Each treatment combination was made in triplicate. The results indicated that inoculation had a significant effect in increasing filled panicle number, number of filled grains, and dry grain yield per pot, while decreasing percentage number of unfilled grains. For the rice plants incoluated with AMF, intercropping with mungbean of Kenari and Merak varieties produced similar or higher number of filled panicles compared to those without intercropping. In contrast, for the rice plant without inoculation with AMF, intercropping resulted in lower amount of filled panicles than those without intercropping.
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Ujianto, Lestari, Nur Basuki, Kuswanto Kuswanto, and Astanto Kasno. "EVALUASI KETAHANAN HIBRIDA HASIL PERSILANGAN KACANG HIJAU DAN KACANG UCI TERHADAP Callosobruchus chinensis L. (COLEOPTERA: BRUCHIDAE)." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 11, no. 2 (May 13, 2011): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.211130-138.
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The adzuki bean weevil Callosobruchus chinensis is the main pest of mungbean especially during seed storage. Mungbean generally has low yield and is susceptible to main pests. Ricebean (Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi & Ohashi) has superior characters such as the high pod number per plant and resistance to many pests. The interspecific hybridization was conducted to combine the superior characters of mungbean and ricebean. The objectives of this research were to evaluate resistance of hybrids of interspecific hybridization between mungbean and ricebean to C. chinensis and to determine pattern of resistant inheritance. Evaluation of resistance to this pest was conducted in bottles by placing 200 hybrid seeds and then 20 C. chinensis adults were introduced into the bottle covered by dense cheese cloth. The bottles were arranged in a completely ramdomized design with three replications. The treatment consisted of eight hybrids and six parents. The results showed that the resistance of the test hybrids to C. chinensis was different among cross combinations. Hybrids of crossing between mungbean Merak variety and yellow ricebean as well as Vima variety and red ricebean were moderately resistant, while the others were resistant. There was resistance improvement of hybrids to C. chinensis. The resistance of the hybrids to C. chinensis was controlled by single gene with partially dominance gene action.
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Wasana, Widanagamage Lasanthika Nishadini, Kotte Muhandiramge Dilsha Nilukshi Rodrigo, Halviti Kankanamge Priyanga Princy Kariyawasam, Jayani Jeewanthi Wewalwela, Chathuri Peiris, Sameera Ranmal Gunatilake, and Gebalanage Anil Udayakantha Jayasekera. "Study the presence of tetramethylthiuram disulfide residue in three selected microgreen species." South Florida Journal of Development 3, no. 6 (November 14, 2022): 6612–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.46932/sfjdv3n6-018.
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Microgreens are tender leafy vegetables which are popular among consumers due to their pleasing colors, textures, flavors, and high nutritive values. Microgreens are generally consumed fresh and in relatively large portion sizes. Tender cotyledons of carrot, beetroot, lettuce, amaranthus, cabbage etc. are popular as microgreens among local consumers at present. All most all exotic vegetable seeds found in domestic markets are treated with fungicide (Thiram: Tetramethylthiuram disulfide) thus pose a health risk. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the presence of fungicide residue in 3 microgreen varieties Amaranthus (Amaranthus viridis; var Red Thampala), Carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus; var New Kurodaand and Mungbean (Vigna radiata; var MI 5). Seeds were sawn at 125 g/m2 rate on trays with a coir dust medium and 30-36 LUX light was supplied continuously. Temperature, pH and RH of the growth medium were maintained at 28–30 °C, 5.5–6.0 and 90–95% while 70–78 % RH and 30–34 °C temperature were maintained as environmental conditions. Height at harvesting of 10 – 14 days old carrot and amaranthus microgreens were 7.5 cm while that of mungbean was 14 cm. Chlorophyll content and fungicide residue were analyzed in harvested microgreens and microbial growth of growth medium was checked. Amaranthuss and carrot had 1.1 CCI and mungbean had 2.4 CCI values as average chlorophyll contents at harvesting. According to FTIR analysis thiram presented only in carrot microgreens and further quantifications are on progress. Mean results of standard plate count of growth medium were 10 CFU/ml in amaranthus and 11 CFU/ml in carrot and mungbean.
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Jaya, I. K. D., B. B. Santoso, and Jayaputra. "Intercropping red chili with leguminous crops to improve crop diversity and farmers’ resilience to climate change effects in dryland." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1192, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1192/1/012001.
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Abstract This study aimed to explore the potential benefits of intercropping and determine the best time to sow leguminous crops between the rows of red chili or chili crops. Two leguminous crops, mungbean, and peanut were intercropped with chili in a dryland area of Gumantar, North Lombok, Indonesia. The leguminous seeds were sown five times; at the same time, a week, two weeks, three weeks, and four weeks after transplanting the chili seedlings. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The size of each treatment plot was 600 × 100 cm, and the chili crops’ spacing was 60 × 60 cm. Three rows of leguminous crops were sown between the rows of chili crops with a spacing of 20 × 20 cm. Monocropping of chili, mungbean, and peanut was also provided in each block to calculate the land equivalent ratio (LER). The results showed that all the intercropping treatments had a LER value of higher than 1.0, indicating the advantage of intercropping over monocropping in terms of land utilization.
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Islam, MR, MT Rahman, MF Hossain, and N. Ara. "Feasibility of intercropping leafy vegetables and legumes with brinjal." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 39, no. 4 (March 12, 2015): 685–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22548.
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An experiment was conducted during 2010 and 2011 to find out the suitable crop combination for increasing total productivity, return and maximize land utilization through intercropping system. Six treatments viz. Brinjal 100% + Red amaranth 100%, Brinjal 100% + Leaf amaranth 100%, Brinjal 100% + Jute as patshak 100%, Brinjal 100% + Mungbean 60%, Brinjal 100% + Blackgram 60% and sole of base crops (brinjal) were used in the study. Results showed that different intercropping combination did not influenced yield and yield contributing characters of brinjal. The yield of brinjal comparatively lower in intercropping but total productivity increased due to additional yield of leafy vegetables and legumes. The increases in total productivity in terms of brinjal equivalent yield (BEY) was 8.80 to 26.67 t/ha in intercrop combination compared to base crop. All the intercropping combinations were higher in terms of brinjal equivalent yield, gross return and benefit cost ratio (BCR) over sole crops. Among the intercropping combinations, Brinjal 100% (100 cm × 75 cm) + Mungbean 60% (three rows mungbean in between brinjal rows maintained 30 cm apart rows with continuous seeding) was the most feasible and profitable intercropping system in respect of brinjal equivalent yield (20.85 t/ha), gross return (Tk.312750/ha), gross margin (Tk.212693/ha) and benefit cost ratio (3.13). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22548 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(4): 685-692, December 2014
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Madhu Sudan Gorai and Ramyajit Mondal. "Effect of date of sowing and level of phosphorus on growth and yield of summer mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) in Red and Lateritic soils of West Bengal." Journal of Food Legumes 36, no. 2 & 3 (March 4, 2024): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/jfl.v36.i2.147.
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A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of two sowing dates (16th March and 26th March) and five phosphorus levels (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 kg P2 O5 / ha) in mungbean during pre-kharif (summer) season of 2022 at Instructional Farm of Seacom Skills University, Kendradangal, Birbhum, West Bengal, India. The research work revealed that growth parameters were significantly higher under 26th March sowing over 16th March. Among the P levels, higher dose of P improved growth parameters. In case of yield attributes maximum number of pods/plant (9.6), pod length (6.9 cm) and seeds/pod (10.3) were recorded in 26th March sown crop of mungbean. Maximum seed yield (705 kg/ ha) and stover yield (1609 kg/ha) also recorded in 26th March sowing. Different P dose showed significant variations for yield traits and maximum pods/plant (11.45), pod length (7.96 cm) and seeds/pod (11.23) recorded with 80 kg P2 O5 / ha. Highest seed yield (812 kg/ha) and stover yield (1710 kg/ha) were obtained with 80 kg P2 O5 /ha. The gross returns, net returns and benefit: cost ratio was maximum when the crop sown on 26th March with 80 kg P2 O5 /ha. Hence, mungbean sown on 26th March 2022 along with 80 kg P2 O5 /ha application could be more effective in augmenting growth, yield and economics in the red and lateritic soils of West Bengal.
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Fetriyuna, Fetriyuna, Ratna Chrismiari Purwestri, May Susandy, Realm Köhler, Ignasius Radix A. P. Jati, Nia Novita Wirawan, and Hans-Konrad Biesalski. "Composite Flour from Indonesian Local Food Resources to Develop Cereal/Tuber Nut/Bean-Based Ready-to-Use Supplementary Foods for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Moderate Acute Malnutrition in Children." Foods 10, no. 12 (December 5, 2021): 3013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10123013.
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Undernourishment is a threat to human health. The prevalence of undernourishment remains alarming, especially among children under five years old in many countries, including Indonesia. Nowadays, the handling of undernourishment has shifted to treatment outside the hospital, utilizing local nutrient-rich foods. At the national level, the utilization of local food resources is a part of the promotion of dietary diversification and the bioeconomy. Ready-to-use supplementary food (RUSF) refers to supplementary foods aimed at improving the nutrition of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) children under five years old. RUSF biscuit recipes were made using local food resources available in Banten province, Indonesia. To optimize the nutritional profile of the developed RUSF, taro/talas banten were mixed with ground-nut/peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and mungbean (Vigna radiata) as protein and lipid sources and red rice (Oryza longistaminata) and maize (Zea mays) as carbohydrate sources, and enriched by the local banana Nangka (Musa textilia). Two formulations were selected for the pilot testing, namely the taro-peanut and taro-peanut/mungbean RUSF biscuits, made from taro Banten, cereal, peanut and/or mungbean, and local banana. The RUSF biscuit showed promising results, presenting a high level of acceptance and a macronutrient composition that meets the standards for MAM children. However, the RUSF biscuits should be fortified with micronutrient premix to fulfill the dietary requirement for the MAM children. The results of this study provide further development opportunities.
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Reddy, M. S., and R. W. Willey. "Evaluations of Alternate Cropping Systems for Alfisols of the Indian Semi-arid Tropics." Experimental Agriculture 21, no. 3 (July 1985): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001447970001262x.
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SUMMARYA three-year experiment examined the possibility of increasing the cropping intensity of a medium-deep Alfisol (red soil) by using sequential, relay, ratoon or intercropping systems. It was found that a short-season mungbean (Vigna radiata) crop could be taken before the commonly-grown castor crop but that castor yields were reduced by the delayed sowing. If the castor was sown after the harvest of mungbean in a sequential system the profits were less than from a sole castor system. Relay-sowing the castor 20 days before the harvest of mungbean gave 9 $US ha−1 greater profit than sole castor, but this is probably not enough to justify the more intensive double crop system. On the other hand a reasonable yield of horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) could be produced after an early pearl millet crop, giving a worthwhile extra profit of 21 $US ha−1 compared with sole pearl millet. Ratooning the sorghum gave ratoon yields that averaged only 14% of the first crop, so this system was not considered suitable for these lighter Alfisols.Intercropping systems of pearl millet/groundnut, sorghum/pigeonpea and groundnut/pigeonpea gave average yield increases of 24, 47 and 46%, respectively, compared with both component crops grown separately. Compared with growing only the higher value sole crop, increases in profits were 16, 82 and 120 $US ha−1 for the same three systems, respectively. It is concluded that intercropping systems provide the best opportunity for increasing cropping intensity on medium-deep Alfisols.
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Hossain, MA, MA Hasan, S. Sikder, AK MMB Chowdhury, and MS Sarker. "Physiological Traits and Yield Performance of Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L) Wilczek) as Influenced by Light Intensities." Bangladesh Agronomy Journal 20, no. 2 (June 21, 2018): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/baj.v20i2.37088.
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An experiment was carried out at the Crop Physiology and Ecology Research Field, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur during the period from March to June 2016 to evaluate some physiological traits and yield performance of mungbean variety under different light intensities and to find out potential mungbean variety as intercrop. The experiment was laid out in a split -plot design with three replications. Three light intensities (L100 - full sunlight, L75- 75 % of full sunlight and L50- 50% of full sunlight) were assigned in the main plots and four varieties (BARl Mung-6, Binamoong8, Binamoong5 and BU Mug-4) in the subplots. White and red colour Mosquito nets were used for maintaining 75 and 50 percent of full sunlight. Light percentages of mosquito nets were measured by light meter (21YE35). Mosquito nets of different colors and pore size were used for maintaining 75 and 50 percent of full sunlight. The seed yield of BARI Mung-6 and Binamoong8 performing well in under partial shade condition but the grain yield of Binamoong5 and BU Mug-4 was reduced drastically under partial shade condition. Greater proline accumulation in leaf, higher leaf chlorophyll content, higher pods plant-1, higher seeds pod-1, greater seed size and better seed yield plant-1 under partial shade condition were contributed to better tolerance of BARI Mung-6 and Binamoong8 under low light stress.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2017, 20(2): 67-74
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Dhaka, Ajeet Singh, Harsh Kumar Dikshit, Gyan P. Mishra, Mechiya Tomuilim Tontang, Nand Lal Meena, Ranjeet Ranjan Kumar, S. V. Ramesh, et al. "Evaluation of Growth Conditions, Antioxidant Potential, and Sensory Attributes of Six Diverse Microgreens Species." Agriculture 13, no. 3 (March 14, 2023): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13030676.
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Microgreens belong to a class of functional foods with valuable nutritional elements and diverse health benefits when consumed as food supplements. Its consumption has increased sharply due to the abundance of different health-promoting components than their mature plants. The present study investigated the growth conditions and nutritional profiles of six crops (mungbean, lentil, red radish, pearl-millet, mustard, and red cabbage) as microgreens grown under the light with a 16 h light/8 h dark cycle. Firstly, the optimum temperature and the day of harvesting of each of the microgreens for their maximum yield were standardized. The optimum temperature ranged from 24 to 28 °C, and the best stage for their harvesting ranged from the 6th to 13th day for all six microgreens species. Physiological parameters such as height, yield, color, moisture content, seed weight to fresh weight (FW) ratio, and FW to dry weight (DW) were also estimated. All the microgreens were analyzed for the total phenolics content, total anthocyanin content, vitamin C, free radical scavenging activity, dietary fiber, and phytic acid contents at the harvesting stage. Total phenolics, total anthocyanin, and vitamin C contents ranged from 55 to 1240 mg/100 g, 25 to 186 mg/100 g, and 22 to 86 mg/100 g, respectively, in the studied microgreens. Red cabbage and pearl-millet microgreens accumulated higher phenolics than other studied microgreens, while total anthocyanin content was higher in red radish and pearl-millet microgreens. Vitamin C content was recorded as highest in red cabbage microgreens. DPPH-based free radical scavenging activity ranged from 62–84% and was highest in red cabbage microgreens. All the microgreens were also analyzed for their dietary fiber (DF) content which ranged from 2.5–12.5% and was recorded as maximum in pearl millet microgreens. The findings of this study offer helpful information on the growth circumstances necessary to produce microgreens with the greatest nutrient and health benefits.
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Surahman, D. N., Y. Taufik, D. P. Nudianti, and T. Rahman. "Formulation and production costs optimization of complementary food for breast milk from red sorghum flour (sorghum bicolor l.), red bean flour (phaseolus vulgaris l.) and mungbean flour (phaseolus radiatus l.) using linear programming method." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 672, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 012057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/672/1/012057.
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Dangang, B. D. S., N. F. Zambou, R. Agrawal, and A. F. Fonteh. "Effects of Lactococcus lactis sp. on Nutritional Value of Formulated Non-dairy Complementary Foods from Irish Potato, Mungbean, Red Kidney Bean and Papaya." American Journal of Food and Nutrition 6, no. 1 (February 2, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/ajfn-6-1-1.
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Jahagirdar, Ajinkya S., Sudhir Shende, Aniket Gade, and Mahendra Rai. "Bioinspired Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles and its Efficacy on Seed Viability and Seedling Growth in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)." Current Nanoscience 16, no. 2 (March 26, 2020): 246–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573413715666190325170054.
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Background: Copper is an important micronutrient required for the growth of the plants. It activates enzymes and helps in protein synthesis in plants. Nanoparticles in the size range from 1 to 100 nm possess unique properties, such as the high surface area to volume ratio, size-dependent capabilities and unique optical properties, and hence, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) were evaluated for growth promotion of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). Objective: The main aim of the study was to synthesize CuNPs using neem extracts, and evaluate their activity on viability of seeds and growth of seedlings in V. radiata. Methods: Here, we synthesized CuNPs by the neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract, which was treated with copper sulphate and ascorbic acid. The reduction of copper sulphate to CuNPs was confirmed by the UV-Visible spectrophotometer and was further characterized by XRD, FTIR, NTA, and Zeta potential measurement. The efficacy of biogenic CuNPs (size <50 nm) was evaluated on germination and growth promotion of V. radiata seeds. The copper content was confirmed in CuNPs treated plants after analysis by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Results: CuNPs were synthesized by the neem (A. indica) leaf extract as brown precipitation. Preliminary detection was performed by UV-Visible spectrophotometer, which showed a peak at 619 nm. Further characterization by X-ray diffraction confirmed the Face Centered Cubic crystal structure. Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy analysis revealed the presence of amino acids as functional groups in the leaf extract. Nanoparticle tracking and analysis (NTA) demonstrated an average size of 41±21 nm with the concentration of 3.3×109 particles/ml. Zeta potential value was found to be -18.2 mV. The growth promotion effect showed the maximum germination recorded at 100 ppm of CuNPs; while copper ions showed an adverse effect on root growth. The AAS analysis demonstrated the increased copper content in the CuNPs treated seedlings than that of the control. Conclusion: It is a first report to demonstrate the positive effect of biogenic CuNPs on growth, nutrition and enhanced seed germination, and hence, CuNPs could be used as a nano-fertilizer after further extensive nursery trials.
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Prasad, Durga, and R. N. Singh. "Major diseases of field and horticultural crops in Northern Bihar region of India." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES 17, no. 2 (July 15, 2022): 180–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijps/17.2/180-190.
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A survey was conducted to determine the status of major diseases of field and horticultural crops grown in Saharsa, Supaul, Madhepura and Khagaria districts of northern Bihar, India. Three blocks in each district and three villages in each block were surveyed through a random field survey method. Per cent disease incidence was recorded on randomly selected plants in a particular field of selected location. The incidence of diseases was observed on the basis of typical field symptoms and later the association was confirmed through microscopic examinations in the laboratory. In view of maximum diseases incidence; foliar blight of wheat, sheath blight of rice, turcicum leaf blight of maize, mungbean yellow mosaic virus, Alternaria blight of mustard were recorded with >50% incidence in these districts. However, dry root rot and wilt of chickpea and lentil, wilt of pigeonpea, powdery mildew of pea, Alternaria leaf spot of linseed, Fusarium wilt and red rot of sugarcane and root rot of jute were noticed with 10 to 50% incidence. In fruit crops; sigatoka disease of banana was noticed with >50% incidence, while, anthracnose/ die back and floral malformation of mango, wilt of banana, foot rot of papaya and anthracnose of guava and citrus canker were observed with 10-50% incidence. Diseases viz., late blight, bacterial wilt, black leaf spot/ rot, leaf curl, yellow vein mosaic virus, die back and late blight were recorded with >50% incidence in tomato, brinjal, cauliflower, cucurbits, okra, chilli and potato, respectively. The purple blotch of onion, black leaf rot of cabbage and collar rot of elephant foot yam were noticed with 10-50% incidences.
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Desai, Krishna, and Nainesh Modi. "MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF MUNGBEAN (VIGNA RADIATA (L.) R. WILCZEK)." VIDYA - A JOURNAL OF GUJARAT UNIVERSITY 2, no. 2 (November 16, 2023): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.47413/vidya.v2i2.261.
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Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) is versatile crop mainly grown in subtropical regions with wide-ranging agricultural and nutritional benefits. Despite being the largest producer in the world, the productivity of mungbean is well below in India due to limited morphological variability observed in working collection of mungbean. In the present investigation, we have conducted morphological characterization and multivariate analysis to explore the genetic diversity among the 26 genotypes of mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek). These 26 accessions of mungbean procured from the Pulses Research Station, SDAU, Gujarat, and local markets were grown for evaluation in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications during June to August 2021. Morphological observations recorded at different stages of life for the grown genotypes. Significant variations observed in morphological traits of different genotypes. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis discriminated following genotypes such as VM, GM-6, SKNM-1608, SKNM-1701, SKNM-1704, SKNM-1801, SKNM-1802, SKNM-1806, and SKNM-1808 based on the morphological observations noted above. These genotypes can be recommended to use as parent for further plant breeding programmes to develop new variety and conduct field trials for different locations and climates.
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Kaur, Amandeep, Aarti Sharma, Sanjeev Kumar, and Bijendra Kumar. "Study of genetic diversity in Mungbean." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 28 (2022): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2022.v28i07s.051.
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An experiment was conducted to study heritability in broad sense, association effects, direct and indirect effect of yield attributing traits on yield among 12 green gram genotypes. ISSR markers were also used to study the genetic diversity present in the studied genotypes at molecular level. Analysis of variance for RBD indicated presence of significant amount of genetic diversity among the genotypes for all the traits. Phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than Genotypic coefficient of variation. Path coefficient revealed that most of the yield attributing traits viz., days to 75 percent flowering, duration of reproductive phase, days to maturity, number of secondary branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, grain per pod, pod density and number of seed per pod, traits had positive direct effect on yield per plant. Two clusters were obtained from Mahalobinis D2 statistics. Traits viz., number of pods per plant, plant height, 1000-seed weight and yield per plant showed high heritability with high genetic advance.
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Hartati, Sri. "Penampilan Beberapa Galur Mutan Kacang Hijau Asal Irradiasi Sinar Gamma Cobalt-60 (M3)." Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 19, no. 2 (April 19, 2018): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v19i2.20470.
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<p>Performance of Several Mungbean Lines Resulted from Mutation of Co-60 Gamma Rays Irradiation. Sri Hartati, 23 pages. The objectives of the research were to evaluate the agronomic traits of the fourth generation (M3) of mungbean mutants and to get at least one potential genotype for further selection in order to achieve a new high yielding variety. He research was done in Grumosol of Joho Mojolaban, Sukoharjo.</p><p>The experimental design was completely randomized design with 12 treatments: G1/V1R0: the third generation of ‘Merpati’ with no radiation; G2/V1R1: the third generation of ‘merpati’ radiated at rate of 5 K rad; G3/ViR2: the third generation of ‘Merpati’ radiated at rate of 10 K rad; G4/V1R3: the third generation of ‘Merpati’ radiated at rate of 15 K rad; G5/V2R0: the third generation of ‘Camar’ with no radiation; G6/V2R1: the third generation of ‘Camar’ radiated at rate of 10 K rad; G7/V2R3: the third generation of ‘Camar’ radiated a rate of 15 K rad; G9/V3R0: the third generation of ‘Walet’ no with radiation; G10/V3R1: the third generation of ‘Walet’ radiated at rate of 5 K rad; G11/V3R2: the third generation of ‘Walet’ radiated at rate of 10 K rad; G12/V3R3: the third generation of ‘Walet’ radiated at rate of 15 K rad.</p><p>The research conclude that weight of 1000 seeds and weight of seed per plot from the first to the fourth generation were achieved by ‘Walet’ variety irradiated at the rate of 10 K rad; and thus, this was the potential lines for further selection program.</p>
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Sofia, S., D. M. Reddy, K. H. P. Reddy, P. Latha, B. Ravindra Reddy, and M. Sreevalli Devi. "Evaluation of Induced Genetic Variability for Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in M4 Generation of Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 22 (December 12, 2023): 940–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i224205.
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The goal of the current study was to determine how much genetic variability there was for yield and traits that contributed to yield in two different mungbean varieties, WGG-42 and LGG-460, following the induction of mutations through chemicals (ethyl methane sulphonate and sodium azide) and physical (gamma rays) mutagens. In Rabi, 2018-19, in RBD with three replications in M4generation, fifty-five mutant lines selected from M3 progenies (36 in WGG-42 and 19 in LGG-460) were assessed alongside the two parents. Number of primary branches per plant, number of clusters per plant and number of pods per plant all showed high GCV and PCV. All the characters under study have high heritability. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length and seed yield per plant indicating that the genetic variances for these characters are probably owing to their high additive gene effects. Our study indicates promising avenues for future mungbean breeding programs to enhance these characteristics.
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Nasser, Mona Ali, Mohammed Abdullah Hussein, and Othman Saad Al-Hawshabi. "Effect of Gamma radiation on growth of Vigna radiata (L.) Wilezek cv. Local and Indian." University of Aden Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 20, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.47372/uajnas.2016.n2.a04.
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Seeds of Mungbean Vigna radiata (L.) Wilezek cv. Local and Indian were treated with different doses of gamma rays viz.;5.5R, 11.1R,16.6R, 22.2R, 27.7R & 33.2R. Observations were recorded on the effect of gamma rays on an important characters viz.; seedling length, root length, number of secondary branches, length of main branches, length of secondary branches, number of pods, length of pods and weight of dry 100 seeds. The significant effect on the growth of two cultivars, with best dosages of (33.2, 27.7 and 22.2 k/rad) respectively.
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Yadav, Rakesh, Raj Bahadur, Saurabh Singh, Shikha Shahi, Vinai Kumar, and Neeraj Kumar. "Effect of Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid and Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) on Growth and Yield Parameters of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 11 (November 25, 2023): 3662–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i113543.
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The present study aimed to investigate “Effect of foliar application of Salicylic acid and Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) on growth and yield parameters of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”. This research was conducted during the kharif season 2018 at the Student Instructional Farm (SIF) of Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology in Kumarganj, Ayodhya. The experiment followed a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications and involved seven treatments. The Mungbean variety used in the study was Narendra Mung-1 (NDM-1). Seven treatments as comprised of T1 - control (distilled water spray at 30 & 40 DAS), T2 - foliar spray of SA @ 50 ppm at 30 DAS, T3 - foliar spray of SA @ 80 ppm at 30 DAS, T4 - foliar spray of NAA @ 50 ppm at 30 DAS, T5 - foliar spray of NAA @ 80 ppm at 30 DAS, T6 - foliar spray of NAA @ 50 ppm at 40 DAS, T7 – Foliar spray of NAA @ 80 ppm at 40 DAS. The results indicated that the treatment T5 (foliar application of NAA @ 80 ppm at 30 DAS) showed significant increase on growth parameters like plant height (cm), total number of branch plant-1, total dry biomass (g) plant-1 and yield & yield attributes like number of pods clusters-1, number of pods plant-1, pod length (cm), number of seeds plant-1, number of seeds pod-1with T5, followed by T7 treatment (foliar application of NAA @ 80 ppm at 40 DAS), respectively over the control.
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Srivastava, Mitali, Manojkumar HG, and Atar Singh. "Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Greengram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 46, no. 4 (February 28, 2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i42334.
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The current study titled “Analysis of genetic diversity in green gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]” was carried out at Center for Crop Research (C.R.C.), Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut. A set of twenty five mungbean genotypes were examined to investigate the essence and extend of divergence of genes using Mahalanobis’s D2 Statistics on twelve critical quantitative attributes. The study material was assessed using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replication plots of two rows of 4 meter length. Out of every replication, five plants were selected at random, marked, and observations were recorded for twelve quantitative attributes. Analysis of variance showed that there was significant variation among all characters examined. The twenty-five genotypes of mungbean have been split into seven distinct clusters. With seven genotypes apiece, Cluster I and Cluster IV were determined to be the largest. The intra cluster distance was maximum for Cluster IV. The maximum inter cluster distance between cluster V and cluster II suggests that the genotypes in these clusters doesn't correlate with one another and the minimal inter-cluster distance between cluster V and cluster IV demonstrates a high degree of connection between the genotypes in these clusters. Based on high inter cluster distances, hybridization programme could be taken up between the varieties of cluster II (Pusa Vaishali, IPM-02-19, IPM 02-19, OMG-1045, VBG-04-008) and cluster V (Pusa-0871, Pusa-0891, SMM-15-72, PDM-262).Hence, these nine genotypes are recognized as promising progenitors and can be employed in further breeding programme. Plant height, number of branches/plants, number of pods/plant, number of pods/clusters, pod length, biological yield, harvest index and seed yield per plant are vital for genetic diversity and were recognized as significant contributors to genetic divergence.
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DEBBARMA, MALATI, RAM SWAROOP MEENA, S. P. SINGH, AJEET SINGH, SUNIL KUMAR, D. S. GURJAR, and BHANUPRIYA PANKAJ. "Effect of integrated nutrient management on mungbean (Vigna radiata) under custard apple (Annona squamosa) based agri-horti system in Vindhyan region, Uttar Pradesh." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no. 10 (December 4, 2020): 2033–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i10.107987.
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Agroforestry is recognized as most diversified sustainable system to support farmers income. In order to assess the effect of nutrient management system under agro forestry based cropping system, a field study was conducted during kharif season of 2017 on mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] at the Agricultural Research Farm, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Barkachha, Mirzapur (UP). The experimental trial was conducted in simple RBD with four replications and six treatments, viz. 75% RDF+ Rhizobium, 75% RDF+ Biochar+ Rhizobium, 100% RDF+ Rhizobium, 75% RDF+ FYM+ Rhizobium, 75% RDF+ Vermicompost+ Rhizobium and 75% RDF + pressmud+ Rhizobium. Results revealed that highest growth parameters such as plant height, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, trifoliate leaves, chlorophyll content, root nodules/plant and dry weight of root nodules and yield attributes and was observed with the application of 75% RDF + pressmud+ Rhizobium than other nutrient sources. Furthermore, highest gross return, net return was observed with the application of 75% RDF + vermicompost + Rhizobium. However, highest B:C ratio was observed with the application of 100% RDF + Rhizobium.
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Mundiyara, Rajdeep, Giradhari Lal Yadav, Rohitash Bajiya, Ishwar Singh, and Sunita Panday. "Genetic Variability, Character Association and Path Analysis for Various Characters in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 46, no. 7 (June 14, 2024): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i72585.
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In order to estimate the genetic variability parameters, characters association and path analysis for the various traits, thirty-five genotypes of mungbean were evaluated during Kharif season 2023 at the Research Farm of Agricultural Research Sub-Station, Nagaur (Rajasthan) using a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Based on the results, there were significant differences in the mean sum of square resulting from genotypes for each trait studied, indicating that the genotypes were genetically distinct. The PCV values was higher than GCV values for all the characters which reflect the impact of environment on the expression of traits. The estimates of GCV and PCV were higher for number of branches, number of pods per plant and seed yield. Highest heritability estimates were recorded for all the traits. High genetic advance as a percentage of mean along with high heritability was observed for plant height, number of branches, number of pods per plant, 1000 seed weight and seed yield. The correlation of seed yield was positive and significant at phenotypic and genotypic level with characters viz., number of branches, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod. Path analysis revealed that at phenotypic level, highest positive direct effect on seed yield was observed for number of pods per plant followed by days to 50% flowering, number of seeds per pod, pod length and number of branches. At genotypic level, highest direct positive effect on seed yield were observed for number of pods per plant followed by days to 50% flowering, number of seeds per pod and plant height.
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Kumar, Kuldeep. "Review of Various Sources of Nutrient Management on Maize (Zea mays) under Maize and Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) Intercropping System." International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology 9, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i02.001.
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Experiment was conducted at Research Farm of Kisan (P.G.) College, Simbhaoli (Ghaziabad) during kharif seasons of 2020 and 2021. Fifteen treatment combinations consisting three cropping system viz. maize sole cropping, mung sole cropping and intercropping of maize and mung and five nutrient sources i.e. recommended doses of NPK (RDF). RDF + Farm Yard Marwure (FYM) 6t/h. RDF + Azospirillum" / Rhizobium. RDF + Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria and RDF- Farm Yard Manure (PYM)a Sub + Azospirillum Rhizobium + PSB were used in factorial RBD in four replications. Application of organic and biofertilisers over NPK increased the yield attributing characters and yield of maize. Highest yield attributing characters of maize was recorded with NPK+FYM A+P which ultimately resulted higher yield 29.67 and 32.22 q/ha during 2020 and 2021 respectively.
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Barla, S., H. K. Sahoo, and B. P. Patra. "Effect of Soil and Foliar Application of Zinc and Iron on Yield, Nutrient Content and Quality of Summer Mungbean." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 9 (July 26, 2023): 2099–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i92442.
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The culinary value of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) makes it one of the most valuable pulses. The enhanced and inorganic farming method of India has been able to attract special attention from scientists and growers. The crucial aspect in pulse productivity is the use of the proper micronutrients in the appropriate proportions. Therefore, the field experiment was carried out at RRTTSS, Kirei, Sundargarh during summer season 2021. Experiment consists of eight treatments replicated thrice with RBD. The results revealed that seed yield (521 kg ha-1), stover yield (1307 kg ha-1), gross returns (Rs. 36470/ha), net returns (Rs. 8020/ha) and benefit cost ratio (1.28) and nutrient content N (3.86% & 1.25% in seed and stover), P (0.45% & 0.19% in seed & stover), K (0.65% & 1.88% in seed and stover) were recorded significantly highest under the treatment of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 0.5% FeSO4 foliar spray at flower initiation stage along with RDF and FYM. Highest Zn content (51.01 ppm) in seed and (17.43 ppm) in stover was obtained in T3- T1+ 0.5% ZnSO4 FI & PI stage. The maximum iron content in seed (117.50 ppm) as well as in stover (84.97 ppm) was observed in T5 - T1+ 0.5% FeSO4 at FI & PI stage.
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Dhiman, Sunidhi, and Hemraj Meena. "Influence of Sowing Methods and Phosphorus Levels on Growth, Yield and Economic Returns of Summer Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International 46, no. 10 (September 27, 2024): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2024/v46i102921.
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A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of 2023-24 at the Agricultural Research Farm, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, RIMT University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab to study the “Effect of sowing methods and phosphorus levels on growth, yield and economic returns of summer mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”. The experiment consisted of nine treatment combinations with methods of sowing (Flat, Ridge and Bed sowing) and three phosphorus levels (30, 40 and 50 kg/ha P2O5) were tested in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The results indicated that the crop responded significantly to sowing methods and phosphorus in respect of growth, yield and economics such as plant height (cm), number of nodules/plant, number of branches, dry matter accumulation/plant (g/m²) and yield characteristics viz., number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, test weight (g), seed yield (q/ha), straw yield (q/ha), harvest index (%), net return (₨/ha) and B:C ratio. In the combination of sowing methods and phosphorus, all the parameters were significant by influence. The combination of Bed sowing + 50 kg/ha P2O5 treatment had the highest values for growth characteristics, yield characteristics and also performed economically well as compared to other treatments.
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Nursiani, Lubis, Rauf Abdul, and Sabrina T. "Growth and production response of mung bean (Vigna radiata L) by application of mycorriza and Penicillium sp in paddy lands." Jurnal Pertanian Tropik 7, no. 1 (April 6, 2020): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jpt.v7i1.3710.
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ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mycorrhiza and Penicilliumsp on the growth and production of mung beans in paddy land. The design of this experimental research was a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was the dosage of mycorrhiza consisting of 0 g/plant; 5 g/plant; 10 g/plant; and 15g/plant. The second factor was the type of phosphate solubilizing microbes consisting of withoutPenicilliumsp; Penicilliumspfrom Mursala island (20 ml/plant); Penicilliumsp collection taken from soil biology laboratory of faculty of agriculture USU (20 ml/plant). The results showed that the dosage of Mycorrhiza and Penicilliumsp were not significantly affected the height of mung bean plants, however, it significantly affected the population of Penicillium sp. The application of 15 g Mycorrhiza with Penicilliumsp from Mursala was the best treatment for the growth of mungbean plants at 4 weeks after planting (42.98 cm) and the interaction of Mycorrhiza15 g/plant and PenicilliumspMursala produced the best seeds/plant of 16.76 g/plant. REFERENCES Adiningsih, S. 2004. Nutrient dynamics in soil and nutrient uptake mechanisms. Soil Research Center. Ministry of Agriculture. Jakarta. Badan Pusat Statistik. 2016. Production of Cassava and Green Beans by Province in 1993-2015. Jakarta. Budiman, A. 2004. Application of Cashing and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Ultisols and the Effects on the Development of Soil Microorganisms and the Result of Semi Corn (Zea mays L.). Thesis of the Faculty of Agriculture. Andalas University. Padang. De datta, S.K. 1990. Principle and Practice of Rice Production. New York. Dobermann, A. and T. Fairhurst. 2000. Rice, Nutrient disorders and nutrient management. IRRI and Potash and PPI/PPIC. Manila, Philipina. Fitriatin, B. M., A. Yuniarti., O. Mulyani., F. S. Fauziah., dan M. D. Tiara. 2009. Effect of Microbial Solvents on Phosphate and Fertilizer P on Available P, Phosphatase Activity, P on Plants and Upland Rice Results on Ultisol. Agriculture Journal20 (3) : 210 – 215. Harahap, F.S. 2009. Pengujian pengolahan tanah konservasi dan inokulasi mikoriza terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia tanah serta produksi beberapa varietas kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea. L) Universitas Sumatra Utara Medan. Skripsi. Hasanuddin and Bambang. G. M. 2004. Utilization of phosphate and mycorrhizal microbial solvents to repair available phosphorus, soil phosphorus uptake (ultisol) and maize yields (on ultisol). Journal of agricultural sciences Indonesia, 6 (1): 8 – 13. Husin, E.F. 2000. Fungus Arbuskula Mycorrhiza. Andalas University Faculty of Agriculture. Padang. Illmer, P. and F. Schinner. 1992. Solubilization of inorganic phosphate by microorganisms isolated from forest soils. Journal Soil Biology Biochem, 24 (4): 389 – 395. Sastrahidayat, R. 2011. Science of fungi (Mycology). Universitas Brawijaya Press. Malang. Sembiring and Fauzi. 2017. Bacterial and Fungi Phosphate Solubilization Effect to Increase Nutrient Uptake and Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production on Andisol Sinabung Area. Journal of Agronomy 16 (3) : 131 – 137. Sitrianingsih. 2010. The Effect of Arbuscular Vesicular Mycorrhiza Inoculation on the Growth of Pandak Pule Seedlings (Rauvolfia verticillata Lour.) Publication Text. Biology Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Sebelas Maret University Surakarta. Suratmin, D. Wakano, D. Badwi. 2017. The use of compost and phosphorus fertilizer on the growth of green bean plants. Journal of Biology Science & Education, 6 (2): 148 – 158. Susanti, R., Afriani, A., Harahap, F.S., Fadhillah, W., Oesman, R. and Walida, H., 2019. Application Micoriza and Baean Varieties by Conservation Tillage for Biological Soil Properties Improvement. Jurnal Pertanian Tropik, 6 : 34-42. Syawal, F., Rauf, A. dan Rahmawaty. 2017. Upaya rehabilitasi tanah sawah terdegradasi dengan menggunakan kompos sampah kota di Desa Serdang Kecamatan Beringin Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Jurnal Pertanian Tropik 4 3 :183-189. Syawal, F., Rauf, A., Rahmawaty, R. dan Hidayat, B. 2017. Pengaruh Pemberian Kompos Sampah Kota Pada Tanah Terdegrdasi Terhadap Produktivitas Tanaman Padi Sawah Di Desa Serdang Kecamatan Beringin Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Dalam Prosiding SEMDI-UNAYA (Seminar Nasional Multi Disiplin Ilmu UNAYA) (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 41-51). Wakelin, S.A, V.V.S.R. Gupta, P.R Harvey, and M.H. Ryder. 2007. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Organisation (CSIRO) Land and Water, PMB 2, Glend Osmon, SA 5064, Australia. Whitelaw. 2000. Growth promotion of plants inoculated with phosphate solubilizing fungi. Journal Adv. Agron 69 : 99 – 151.
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Wangiyana, Wayan, M. Fahrurrozi Khair, and I. Ketut Ngawit. "Residual Effect of Organic Waste Mulching and Intercropping Aerobic Rice with Peanut on Yield Performance of Mungbean Direct-seeded Following Rice on Raised-beds in Lombok, Indonesia." International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research 03, no. 06 (June 1, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/v03i6y2024-01.
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In Indonesia, in the paddy fields, mungbean is generally planted in the dry season as a rotation crop for rice when irrigation water is insufficient for growing rice, so the productivity of mungbean is generally very low. This research aims to determine the impact of cultivation techniques of aerobic-irrigated red rice grown on permanent raised-beds applied with various organic wastes on growth and yield of mungbean direct-seeded following harvest of red rice. The experiment carried out in June-August 2020, was arranged according to Split Plot design, with two treatment factors: techniques of cultivating aerobic-irrigated red rice, as main plots (T1: monocrop; T2: intercropping with peanuts), and application of various organic wastes to the red rice, as subplots (L0: no waste, L1: rice husks, L2: rice husk ash , L3: rice husk ash + cattle manure). The results indicated that techniques of red rice cultivation and application of various wastes to the red rice showed significant interaction effect on pod number and dry filled-pod weight of mungbean direct-seeded following the red rice, in which dry filled-pod weight was highest (14.44 g/clump) in mungbean direct seeded following aerobic-irrigated red rice intercropped with peanuts receiving rice husk ash (T2L2), and lowest (6.74 g/clump) in mungbean direct-seeded following monocropped red rice without organic wastes (T1L0). Both intercropping with peanuts and application of organic wastes to the red rice preceding mungbean, in general, resulted in higher grain yields of mungbean direct-seeded without tillage following harvest of the aerobic-irrigated red rice grown on raised-beds.
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Polnaya, Febby, and J. E. Patty. "Kajian Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Varietas Jagung Lokal Dan Kacang Hijau Dalam Sistem Tumpangsari." Agrologia 1, no. 1 (February 28, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/a.v1i1.297.
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The objective of this research was to determine appropriate variety combinations maize and mungbeans in multiple cropping system and the effect on yield, and also to determine Land Equivalency Ratio in the multiple cropping system. The experiment was conducted in Paso Village, Ambon City. A Randomized Block Design was used with two factors The first factor was maize variety consisting of 3 varieties: BISI-2 hybrid (J1), local variety with purple seeds (J2) and local variety with white seeds (J3). The second factor was mungbean variety, consisting of 3 varieties: Murai variety (K1), local variety with red seeds (J2) and local variety with matt seeds (J3). Each treatment had three replicates and 6 monocultures were added as control. Results of the experiment showed that maize variety and mungbeans variety affected significantly on growth and crop yield. BISI-2 maize produced highest seed number per row, 100 seed weight and seed weight per plot, and pod number per plant. J1K1 treatment combination gave highest seed weight per hectare, i.e. 7,63 ton of maize and 0.73 ton/ha of mungbean seeds. There was a significant effect of the interaction on Land Equivalency Ratio, and the highest value (4.07) was found in the treatment combination of J1K1
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Heidt, Evelyn, Jean Batzer, Arti Singh, and Daren S. Mueller. "First Report of Stem Blight of Mungbean (Vigna radiata) Caused by Diaporthe longicolla in the United States." Plant Disease, July 31, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-24-0791-pdn.
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Mungbean (Vigna radiata) is primarily grown in Asia and directly consumed by humans. U.S. consumers embraced mungbean as a plant-based protein in vegan eggs and meat substitutes. New cultivars are being developed for American farmers because of the crop’s tolerance to heat and drought, and its adaptability to current farming infrastructure. Mungbean's short season complements various cropping systems such as intercropping, alternative cropping, and green manure. With rotations and inclusion with soybean systems, there is a concern about the overlap of common pathogens for soybean and mungbean. During August 2022 when mungbeans reached full maturity (growth stage R6), reddish-brown and necrotic stem lesions with linear rows of black pycnidia were observed on Berken and OK2000 cultivars at fields located in Hancock County, IA and Story County, IA in the United States. Pycnidia measured 0.5-0.6mm in length. Disease incidence was approximately 10% of plants in Hancock County, IA and less than 3% of plants in Story County, IA. Pycnidia from 16 plants were excised and immersed in a 0.5% NaOCl solution for 1 min, rinsed with autoclaved distilled water, and placed onto potato dextrose agar (PDA). Eighteen isolates were hyphal tipped and grown on PDA and were stored at 25°C. Isolates were then visually identified by culture and conidia morphology (Hobbs et al. 1985, Santos et al. 2011). Colonies were cream to white, dense, and floccose. Large black stromata were formed in a concentric pattern or scattered; alpha conidia were ellipsoidal. Template DNA for PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA operon (ITS) and the beta-tubulin gene (TUB) was extracted from 18 isolates by scraping mycelia with a sterile pipette tip and transferring it into 50 ul of PrepMan Ultra Sample Reagent (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California, USA). Fungal primers were ITS1 and ITS4 (White et al. 1990) and Bt-2F/Bt-2R (Udayanga et al. 2014). Sequences of isolates obtained from fields in both counties were identical, providing no species diversity. GenBank accession numbers for the ITS region were PP105598 and PP105599; PP108254 and PP108255 for TUB sequences. BLAST results showed the ITS 550/550 base pairs with type specimen D. longicolla ATCC 60326 GB NR_144924 and the TUB 446/446 base pairs with type specimen D. longicolla ATCC 60325 GB KJ610883. Thus, the isolates were identified as Diaporthe longicolla (Hobbs) J.M. Santos, Vrandecic & A.J.L. Phillips based on morphology and molecular characters (Santo et al 2011; Udayanga et al. 2014). To confirm the pathogenicity of the D. longicolla isolates, twenty mungbean plants (cv. Berken and OK2000) were grown in the greenhouse at 85% RH and 16hr light for 20 days. Inoculum was prepared by placing sterile toothpicks on 1/3 PDA with a single representative isolate from each field location for 21 days (Ghimire et al. 2019). Mungbean plants were grown in a 10cm-by-10cm pot containing a greenhouse professional growing mix (Sungrow, Agawam, Massachusetts, USA) and grown for 30 days post emergence. After 12 days of growing, a 3mm segment of the infested toothpick was inserted into a stem wound below the first trifoliate and sealed with parafilm. A sterile toothpick was inserted into the control plants. After 14 days, red lesions extended downward 1 to 3 cm from the inoculation site, and white mycelial was present in the wound. At 21 days red lesions spanned 3 to 9 cm upward and downward from the inoculation site. Pycnidia were present on collapsed stem tissue, and leaves became chlorotic. Damage was limited to 2mm from the mock-inoculation site, with no discoloration in the control plants. Symptomatic tissues were plated and compared to the original isolates. Alpha conidia were ellipsoidal with the base end rounded. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Diaporthe longicolla causing disease on mungbean within the U.S. and worldwide. The presence of this disease in two locations suggests the potential for Diaporthe longicolla to be a serious disease of mungbean in the future.
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Fawwaz, Muammar. "Chromatogram Profile of Vigna radiata and Phaseolus vulgaris Related to Chemical Hydrolysis." Pharmaceutical Reports 1, no. 1 (May 15, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/pharmrep.v1i1.153.
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Mungbean (Vigna radiate) and red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is a type of food containing isoflavone in the form of glycoside (genistin, daidzin, glycitin). Isoflavones are one type of phytoestrogen which have similar chemical structure with estradiol. Therefore, it can be used not only to inhibit but also to prevent many symptoms related to estrogen deficiency. Human body cannot adsorb isoflavone in the glycoside form. In order to make it absorbable, isoflavone should be hydrolyzed to defuse its glycoside chain to be aglycon (genistein, daidzein, glycitein). The aim of this study was to determine the influence of hydrolysis on chromatogram profile of mungbean and red bean. Hydrolysis was conducted by chemical method using hydrochloride acid (HCl). The chromatogram profile was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography method (HPLC) using C18 reverse phase column, the mobile phase was methanol : water (7:3), the sample injected automatically as much as 10 ml, the flow rate of 1 ml/min with a temperature of 28°C, at a wavelength of 254 nm. This study showed that chemical hydrolysis successes to remove the glycoside chain in both mungbean and red bean extract.
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Xiong, Yiyi, Lucas Mauro Rogerio Chiau, Kylie Wenham, Marisa Collins, and Scott C. Chapman. "Corrigendum to: Utilisation of unmanned aerial vehicle imagery to assess growth parameters in mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)." Crop & Pasture Science 75, no. 1 (January 16, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp22335_co.
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Context Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) with red–green–blue (RGB) cameras are increasingly used as a monitoring tool in farming systems. This is the first field study in mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilzcek) using UAV and image analysis across multiple seasons. Aims This study aims to validate the use of UAV imagery to assess growth parameters (biomass, leaf area, fractional light interception and radiation use efficiency) in mungbean across multiple seasons. Methods Field experiments were conducted in summer 2018/19 and spring–summer 2019/20 for three sowing dates. Growth parameters were collected fortnightly to match UAV flights throughout crop development. Fractional vegetation cover (FVC) and computed vegetation indices: colour index of vegetation extraction (CIVE), green leaf index (GLI), excess green index (ExG), normalised green-red difference index (NGRDI) and visible atmospherically resistant index (VARI) were generated from UAV orthomosaic images. Key results (1) Mungbean biomass can be accurately estimated at the pre-flowering stage using RGB imagery acquired with UAVs; (2) a more accurate relationship between the UAV-based RGB imagery and ground data was observed during pre-flowering compared to post-flowering stages in mungbean; (3) FVC strongly correlated with biomass (R2 = 0.79) during the pre-flowering stage; NGRDI (R2 = 0.86) showed a better ability to directly predict biomass across the three experiments in the pre-flowering stages. Conclusion UAV-based RGB imagery is a promising technology to replace manual light interception measurements and predict biomass, particularly at earlier growth stages of mungbean. Implication These findings can assist researchers in evaluating agronomic strategies and considering the necessary management practices for different seasonal conditions.
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Madhumitha, B., K. Eraivan Arutkani Aiyanathan, M. Raveendran, and M. Sudha. "Identification and Confirmation of Resistance in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Derivatives to Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV)." LEGUME RESEARCH - AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, Of (November 12, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/lr-4437.
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Background: Mung bean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) is found to be one of the prime viral diseases of mungbean in Tamil Nadu state. Screening for MYMV resistance in field condition always remains a hassle for breeding society. The peculiar MYMV symptoms often failed in the field due to some factors such as environmental changes, whitefly genotypes, host factors etc. With the above perspective, the present study aimed to screen the mung bean derivatives against MYMV through a novel in vitro agroinoculation technique and further substantiation through whitefly transmission.Methods: Four interspecific derivatives (VGGRU 1, VGGRU 2, VGGRU 3 and VGGRU 4) generated by making crosses between mungbean VRM (Gg) 1 and rice bean (TNAU RED) along with the susceptible check VRM (Gg) 1 were agroinoculated with the MYMV infectious clone VA 239 (KA30 DNA A + KA27 DNA) and are further substantiated through whitefly transmission studies from the artificially reared whiteflies. Result: The agroinoculation results revealed that among the four interspecific derivatives, VGGRU 1 was found to be completely resistant to MYMV. The substantiation of the obtained result through whitefly transmission also revealed that 24 h Acquisition Access Period (AAP) and 24 h Inoculation Access Period (IAP) with Bemisia tabaci able to cause 65% infectivity in susceptible plant VRM (Gg) 1 and zero infectivity in VGGRU 1 and the results were PCR confirmed for the presence of viral DNA.
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Floraceli R. Rodillas. "Intercropping Sweet Corn with Different Legumes." Vector: International Journal of Emerging Science, Technology and Management (IJESTM) 12, no. 1 (December 30, 2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.69566/ijestm.v12i1.166.
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The study was conducted at a farmer's field in Danuman West, Sta. Maria, llocos Sur to determine the yield performance of sweet corn as affected by the intercropping of different legumes and to determine the highest net returns oaf legumes as intercrops of corn. The legumes used as intercrops were: mungbean, rice bean, copea (Bluck cowpea), and peanut (Spanish Red), Thus the treatments were: T-sweet corn intercropped with mungbean, T-sweetcorn intercrapped with rice bean, T-sweet corn intercropped with cowpea, and T-sweet corn intercropped with peanut. These including a control (CG,-unintercropped corn plants) were laid out following a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with three (3) replications. Results showed no effect of legume intercrops on corn plant height and yield performance. Although the highest actual corn yield was recorded in the unintercropped corn plants with 7.3 kg/plot, the yield performance of the farmland can be increased by intercropping different legumes with sweet corn. T4 (sweet corn intercropped with peanut) had a cornyield of 6.9 kg/plot and 28.0 kg/plot of eanuts. Intercropping gives a possibility of increasing the economic yield of the cornlands with little modifications on the cornfarming techniques and practices at thefarmer's level.
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"Effect of foliar nutrition on growth and yield of green gram (Vigna radiata L.) in red and lateritic soils of West Bengal." Journal of Food Legumes 36, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/jfl.v36.i1.137.
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The influence of different foliar nutrition (Urea, DAP, NPK-19:19:19, NPK- 10:26:26, ZnSO4.7H2O, Mo and Borax) along with recommended dose of chemical fertilizer (RDF) were evaluated with one control (RDF only) on summer season mungbean cv. Samrat during 2022 at Instructional Farm under Seacom Skills University, Birbhum, West Bengal. The experiment was laid down in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with eight treatment combinations replicated thrice. The results showed that tallest plants (58.5 cm) with more number of leaves (23.9) were observed in RDF + Urea at 2% (sprayed twice at 20 and 40 DAS) treated plots. The same treatment showed the highest number of branches per plant (17.5) with maximum DMA (284.6 g m-2) but in case of underground portion like root length recorded highest in DAP foliar spray plot. Earliest 50% flowering, early pod emergence and early picking was recorded where combined application of RDF + borax at 0.2% (sprayed twice at 20 and 40 DAS). The treatment RDF + DAP at 2% (sprayed twice at 20 and 40 DAS) augmented highest number of pods plant-1 (18.8), pod length (6.80 cm), number of seeds pod-1 (10.75), seed index (21.2 g), seed yield (845 kg/ha) and stover yield (2020 kg/ha); followed by RDF + NPK (19-19-19) at 1% and RDF + Urea at 2% (sprayed twice at 20 and 40 DAS). Yield increase was to the tune of 3.54% to 10.74%. The gross returns, net returns and benefit: cost ratio were maximum when the crop received RDF + DAP at 2% (sprayed twice at 20 and 40 DAS). Hence, combined use of RDF + DAP at 2% and urea at 2% (sprayed 20 and 40 DAS) is beneficial for green gram production programme during summer season in the Red and Lateritic soils of West Bengal.
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Hendrival, Hendrival, Latifah Latifah, Dedi Saputra, and Orina Orina. "Kerentanan Jenis Tepung terhadap Infestasi Kumbang Tepung Merah (Tribolium castaneum Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)." Agrikultura 27, no. 3 (December 8, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v27i3.10918.
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ABSTRACT Susceptibility of various flour types to the investation of red flour beetle ( Tribolium castaneum Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) The research on the level of flour susceptibility against infestation of Tribolium castaneum has been conducted in laboratory under conditions of 28-30oC and relative humidity of 70-75%. Each type of flour was infested by 10 pairs of T. castaneum adult. Variables observation included the population growth, development period, weight losses percentage and susceptibility index. The results showed that degree of flour suitability against population growth namely wheat flour > corn flour > bran > mungbean flour > rice flour > potato flour > purple cultivar sweet potato flour > bread crumbs > glutinous rice flour > tapioca flour = sago flour. The longest median development time of T. castaneum was found in tapioca and sago flours of 86 days while the shortest was in wheat flour of 23.33 days. The highest weight loss percentage occurred on wheat and corn flours. The susceptibility level of flours to T. castaneum with resistant category included tapioca flour, corn flour, glutinous rice flour, purple cultivar sweet potato flour and bread crumbs. Mungbean flour was in moderate gategory while potato flour was in resistant to moderate category. Rice flour and bran were classified in susceptible category while corn and wheat flours were classified as highly susceptible. Keywords: Tribolium castaneum , Flour, Population growth, Development period, Susceptibility ABSTRAK Penelitian tingkat kerentanan jenis tepung terhadap infestasi Tribolium castaneum telah dilakukan di laboratorium pada kondisi suhu 28-30oC dan RH 70-75%. Setiap jenis tepung diinfestasi 10 pasang imago T . c a s t a n e u m . Variabel pengamatan meliputi pertumbuhan populasi, periode perkembangan, persentase susut berat dan indek kerentanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesesuaian jenis tepung terhadap pertumbuhan populasi yaitu tepung gandum > tepung jagung > dedak > tepung kacang hijau > tepung beras > tepung kentang > tepung ubi jalar kultivar ungu > tepung panir > tepung ketan putih > tepung tapioka = tepung sagu. Median waktu perkembangan T. castaneum paling lama dijumpai pada tepung tapioka dan sagu yaitu 86 hari, sedangkan paling singkat pada tepung gandum yaitu 23,33 hari. Susut berat tepung paling banyak terjadi pada tepung gandum dan jagung. Tingkat kerentanan jenis tepung terhadap T. castaneum yaitu katagori resisten meliputi tepung tapioka, tepung sagu, tepung ketan putih, tepung ubi jalar kultivar ungu, dan tepung panir. Katagori moderat yaitu tepung kacang hijau, sedangkan tepung kentang tergolong resisten sampai moderat. Tepung beras dan dedak tergolong katagori rentan, sedangkan tepung jagung dan gandum tergolong katagori sangat rentan. Kata Kunci: Tribolium castaneum , Tepung, Pertumbuhan populasi, Periode perkembangan, Tingkat kerentanan
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Kumar, Pandit Praveen, G. Roopa Lavnaya, Sanjay Kumar Sanadya, Aparajita Dwivedi, and Kaldate Supriya. "Analysis of Genetic Parameters for Yield, Quality and Related Traits in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Genotypes." LEGUME RESEARCH - AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, Of (September 19, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/lr-4763.
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Background: The present investigation was effectuated to study mungbean germplasms with an objective to estimate the genetic variability parameterssuch as coefficient of variation, heritability andgenetic advance for yield and its contributing traits. Method: The experimental material comprises of forty mungbean genotypes evaluated during Kharif-2017. An experimental study was conducted with emphasis on the selection of superior along with highly variable genotypes thatwere analyzed in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Result: The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed thatthe genotypic variations were significant for all of the traits and magnitude of variation was found high for clusters per plant followed by harvest index and seed yield per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for clusters per plant (96.00%, 65.48%), seed yield per plant (96.00%, 45.78%), pods per plant (93.00%, 44.81%), harvest index (86.00%, 44.42%). Thus, the present findings could be beneficial to develop superior genotypes through selection in mungbean breeding program.
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Gokidi, Yugandhar, M. N. Singh, Ashok Singamsetti, and Swathi Lekkala. "Screening of Mungbean (Vignaradiata L. Wilczek) Genotypes for Resistance to Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus under Field Condition." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, April 28, 2021, 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2021/v33i730448.
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Greengram [Vignaradiata(L.) Wilczek] is an economically important grain legume crop next to chickpea, pigeon pea and urad gram. Among the biotic factors, Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) is reported to be the most destructive viral diseases, which may reduce the seed quality as well as the yield losses up to 100 per cent. It is transmitted through whitefly (Bemisiatabaci) in a persistent manner throughout Asia, including India. A set of forty-two diverse mungbean genotypes were sown in two replications using a Randomized Block Desigh (RBD) during the summer season of 2015. The infector row method was adopted to evaluate a set of mungbean genotypes to know the difference in the level of resistance against MYMV infection under field condition during summer, 2015. Percent Disease Incidence (PDI) was calculated at 30 DAS and 50 DAS respectively. It varied from 2.18 to 64.77% and 5.38 to 76.87% at 30 DAS and 50 DAS respectively in summer, 2015. On the basis of disease severity recorded, the mungbean genotypes were classified in to five disease infection categories. Out of the forty-two mungbean genotypes, thirteen genotypes viz., Pusa 0672, IPM 205-7, HUM 8, KM 2245, IPM-2-03, ML 1464, KM 2241, PDM-139, TARM-1, HUM 26, Meha, HUM 16 and IPM 409-4 were found to be resistant and may provide the source of resistance against MYMV to develop mapping population for molecular breeding, development of molecular markers, QTL identification for MYMV resistance, as well as development of MYMV resistant varieties.
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KUMAR, ANIL, N. K. SHARMA, ANITA ., KOMAL SHEKHAWAT, and SWARNLATA KUMAWAT. "Stability Analysis for Agro-morphological and Physio-biochemical Traits in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilzeck] under Arid Environment." LEGUME RESEARCH - AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, Of (May 24, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/lr-5058.
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Background: Mungbean is an ancient pulse crop widely cultivated under different agro-ecological situations in India. It is the potential source of protein, essential minerals and vitamin-B (vitamin-C in sprouting grains). Pulses offer an alternative for diversification of agricultural system but poor yield renders them poor competitors of cereals, oilseeds and cash crops. So it is necessary to screen and identify phenotypically stable genotypes which could perform more or less uniformly under different conditions. The current study aimed to identify the high potential stable genotype and appropriate sowing time for mungbean cultivation in hot arid zone of Rajasthan. Methods: A field experiment was conducted with 35 mungbean genotypes over four environments created by four different dates of sowing in RBD with three replications at SKRAU, Bikaner during summer-2019 and Kharif-2019 using the model of Eberhart and Russell (1966). Result: Stability parameters revealed that genotype IC-39269 exhibited stable performance for number of seeds per pod, biological yield per plant and harvest index across the environments; whereas, IPM 02-3, MH 2-15 and RMG-344 exhibited stable performance for seed yield under favourable environment i.e. Kharif season; and genotype IC 103059 for stressed environment i.e. summer season.
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., Shweta, Manoj Kumar, Amit Kumar, Meena Sewhag, Neelam ., and Kautilya Chaudhary. "Assessing Mungbean Productivity under Organic Management." LEGUME RESEARCH - AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, Of (October 13, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.18805/lr-4392.
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Background: Now a day’s demand for organic food has increased. Being leguminous, requirement of nitrogen for mung is low. Soil organic matter could affect the soil microbial community and increase the crop growth and yield. In mungbean, roots have symbiotic rhizobia bacteria, which help in fixing atmospheric nitrogen into the soil. Nitrogen plays a major role in synthesis of protein, chlorophyll and plant enzymes of legume. The chemical fertilizers is used in huge quantity which hazards the soil and environment. Synthetic fertilizers have mainly macronutrients in large quantities and cemented the soil for worsening the soil and also the negative impact on crops, livestock and human being. The application of organic sources of nutrients improves the soil physical-chemical condition by adding macro and micronutrients bothMethods: A field experiment in Kharif season was conducted at Agronomy field of CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, to study the yield, quality and physiological parameters of mungbean under different organic sources. The experiment was conducted with nine treatments viz., T1- RDF, T2-FYM @ 5 t/ha, T3-Vermicompost@ 2.5 t/ha, T4-FYM @ 5t/ha + Rhizobium, T5-Vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha + Rhizobium, T6-Green manuring +FYM @ 5 t/ha, T7- Green manuring + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha, T8-Green manuring + FYM @ 5t/ha + Rhizobium and T9-Green manuring + Vermi-compost @ 2.5 t/ha + Rhizobium in RBD replicated thrice.Result: Application of recommended dose of fertilizer produced 6.93 and 4.04 percent higher yield as compared to green manuring + FYM @ 5t/ha + Rhizobium and green manuring + vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha, respectively. The data revealed that the SPAD value of chlorophyll, RWC and LWP was higher with the application of various organic sources over to recommended dose of fertilizer.
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Barla, S., H. K. Sahoo, and B. P. Patra. "Productivity and Nutrient Uptake Influenced by Zinc and Iron on Summer Mungbean." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, December 31, 2022, 990–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i242728.
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Nutrient management is one of the most significant strategies that have an impact on mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) growth and development. Therefore, the field trial was carried out at RRTTSS, Kirei, Sundargarh during summer season 2021. Experiment consists of eight treatment including T1- control (RDF: 20-40-20 kg/ha and FYM 5 tha-1), T2 - T1+ 0.5% ZnSO4 FI, T3 - T1+ 0.5% ZnSO4 FI & PI, T4 - T1+ 0.5% FeSO4 FI, T5 - T1+ 0.5% FeSO4 FI & PI, T6 - T1+ 0.5% ZnSO4 and 0.5% FeSO4 FI, T7 - T1+ 25 kgha-1 ZnSO4 soil application, T8 - T1+ 50 kg ha-1 FeSO4 soil application and replicated thrice with RBD. The results of the experiment revealed that yield attributes viz. pods per plant (15.63), seeds per pod (10.50), Seed yield (521 kg ha-1) and stover yield (1307 kg ha-1), total uptake of N (36.47 kg ha-1), P (4.60 kg ha-1), K (27.95 kg ha-1), Zn (47.99 g ha-1) and Fe (156.98 g ha-1) were recorded significantly highest under the treatment of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 0.5% FeSO4 foliar spray at flower initiation stage along with RDF and FYM. The highest N, P and K uptake was found with application of 0.5% ZnSO4 and 0.5% FeSO4 at flower initiation stage (20.09 kg ha-1), (2.17 kg ha-1) and (3.37 kg ha-1) in seed & stover (16.38 kg ha-1), (2.43 kg ha-1) and (24.58 kg ha-1), respectively.
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Kwak, Hae-Ryun, Hee-Seong Byun, Su-Bin Hong, Hong-Soo Choi, Ram Devi Timila, Sharada Joshi, Suraj Baidya, and Hira Kaji Manandhar. "First report of cowpea polerovirus 2 and southern cowpea mosaic virus infecting cowpea in Nepal." Plant Disease, January 31, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-21-1323-pdn.
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Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is one of the important legume crops of Nepal, which is consumed as a green vegetable or a dried pulse. In recent years, virus diseases have caused significant yield and quality losses in cowpea. In September 2019, five cowpea plants showing virus-like symptoms of mosaic, yellow mosaic, vein clearing, chlorotic spots, (Fig. S1) were collected in Chitwan, Nepal. The incidence of symptomatic plants in the three kitchen gardens was about 10-20%. To identify the viruses associated with the disease, a pooled sample from all five plants was screened initially by next generation sequencing (NGS). Total RNA was extracted from the symptomatic leaves using RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, Germany) and a transcriptome library was generated using the TruSeq Stranded Total RNA LT Sample Prep kit (Illumina, San Diego, CA) according to the standard protocol. NGS was performed using an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 system (Macrogen Inc. Korea). A total of 324,807 contigs in the range of 201-14,645 nucleotides (nt) were obtained and analyzed against the viral reference genome database in GenBank by BLASTn and BLASTx search. Among the analyzed contigs, two large contigs showed homologies to cowpea polerovirus 2 (CPPV2) and southern cowpea mosaic virus (SCPMV. The CPPV2 contig (361,121 mapped reads, mean read coverage of 9,206.4 times) had a nearly complete genome sequence of 5,923 nt and showed 96% identity (99% coverage) with CPPV2 isolate BE179 (GenBank Acc. No. KY364847) isolaed from cowpea in Burkina Faso (Palanga et al. 2017). The SCPMV contig (10,612 mapped reads, mean read coverage of 384.1 times) had a nearly complete genome sequence of 4,172 nt and showed 90% identity (100% coverage) with SCPMV isolate C (GenBank Acc. No. M23021) isolated from cowpea in the USA (Wu et al. 1987). Additionally, mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV, genus Begomovirus) and bean common mosaic virus (BCMV, genus Potyvirus) were detected at very low read depths. To confirm the presence of these viruses, total RNA was extracted from individual leaf samples, and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was performed using specific primers for each virus (Table S1). Three of five cowpea samples were positive for CPPV2, and they were co-infected with one other virus; SCPMV, MYMIV, or BCMV (Fig. S1). One cowpea sample was positive for the remaining one with symptom of overall chlorosis was negative for all four viruses. The amplified products of 1,205 bp for CPPV2 isolates, CPPV2-NP10, -NP12, and -NP24 were sequenced and deposited in GenBank under accession nos. MZ318692-93. These Sanger sequences shared 99% nt identity with the NGS-derived sequence. The amplified product of 1,394 bp for SCPMV isolate SCPMV-NP12 (GenBank acc. no. MZ355623) shared 100% nt identity with the NGS-derived sequence. CPPV2 is a member of the genus Polerovirus and it was first identified and characterized by molecular assays in Burkina Faso (Palanga et al. 2016; 2017). SCPMV is a member of the genus Sobemovirus and it has been reported in the USA, China, and Burkina Faso (Hull et al. 2000; Lee et al. 2001; Wu et al. 1987). In Nepal, MYMIV has been reported in legumes, such as kidney bean, black gram, and mungbean, and BCMV in common bean (Acharya and Regmi 2020). To our knowledge, this is the first report of CPPV2 and SCPMV in cowpea in Nepal. Further work is required to determine the distribution, pathological properties, and economic impact of these two viruses.
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Prajapati, Shailendra Sagar, Sanjay Kumar Singh, M. K. Shrivastava, Yogendra Singh, Pratik Kumar, Shivangi Rahangdale, and Karishma Behera. "Assessment of Genetic Parameters for Yield and Its Associated Traits in Greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, December 22, 2022, 840–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2022/v12i121522.
Full textAbstract:
Greengram is India's most significant legume crop, and because there is relatively little genetic variety, increasing productivity demands increased attention in research for the development of superior cultivars. During Kharif 2020-21, an experiment was conducted to the evaluation of the genetic parameters for yield and their associated attributes for thirty-nine Mungbean genotypes. Using a Randomised Block Design (RBD), all genotypes were sown in three replications. The observations on various quantitative characters were recorded, and the genetic parameters, PCV, GCV, heritability(bs), and genetic advance, along with the analysis of variances, were estimated. According to ANOVA, almost all genotypes exhibited significant variances for all characters. The highest GCV and PCV was found to be pod length (cm), number of pods cluster-1, number of primary branches plant-1, biological yield plant-1 as well as seed yield plant-1. The heritability was recorded high for pod length (cm) followed by number of primary branches plant-1, number of pods cluster-1, days to pod initiation, number of seeds pod-1, days to 50% flowering, seed yield plant-1, biological yield plant-1, number of effective pods plant-1. The character’s days to flower initiation, total number of pods plant-1, harvest index and number of clusters plant-1 revealed medium genetic advance. High heritability(bs) coupled high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for pod length (cm), number of branches plant-1, number of pods cluster-1, days to pod initiation, number of seeds pod-1, days to 50% flowering, seed yield plant-1, biological yield plant-1 and number of effective pods plant-1.