Academic literature on the topic 'Red fox – Australia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Red fox – Australia"
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Carter, Andrew, Gary W. Luck, and Simon P. McDonald. "Ecology of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in an agricultural landscape. 2. Home range and movements." Australian Mammalogy 34, no. 2 (2012): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am11041.
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The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is a major predator of Australian wildlife and livestock, but relatively few data exist on fox home-range size and movements in agricultural landscapes. We used radio-telemetry to measure variability in fox home-range size and overlap, and to quantify nightly movements in farmland in south-eastern Australia. Home-range estimates were calculated using the Minimum Convex Polygon (MCP) and Kernel Contours methods. Fourteen foxes were radio-tracked, with home-range size varying from 287 to 3574 ha (mean = 1177 ha, ±920 ha (s.d.), n = 10 foxes) based on the 100% MCP and 151–3196 ha (mean = 639 ha, ± 930 ha (s.d.), n = 10 foxes) based on 95% Kernel. Home-range overlap was greater between subadults than adult foxes; especially at the core home-range level where adult home ranges were virtually exclusive. The average (minimum) area covered by adult foxes during a 12-h nightly period was 383 ha (±347 ha (s.d.), range = 136–1446 ha, n = 4 foxes). The minimum (straight-line) distance travelled by adult foxes during a night was 4.8–16 km (mean = 9.4 km, ± 3.7 km (s.d.), n = 4 foxes). Through continuous radio-tracking, we found that foxes habitually travel over the same ground when moving between foci of interest. Our results improve understanding of fox ranging behaviour in the agricultural landscapes of southern Australia.
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Watson, Kalynda M. A., Katarina M. Mikac, and Sibylle G. Schwab. "Population Genetics of the Invasive Red Fox, Vulpes vulpes, in South-Eastern Australia." Genes 12, no. 5 (May 20, 2021): 786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12050786.
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The use of genetic information in conservation biology has become more widespread with genetic information more readily available for non-model organisms. It has also been recognized that genetic information from invasive species can inform their management and control. The red fox poses a significant threat to Australian native fauna and the agricultural industry. Despite this, there are few recently published studies investigating the population genetics of foxes in Australia. This study investigated the population genetics of 94 foxes across the Illawarra and Shoalhaven regions of New South Wales, Australia. Diversity Array sequencing technology was used to genotype a large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (N = 33,375). Moderate genetic diversity and relatedness were observed across the foxes sampled. Low to moderate levels of inbreeding, high-levels of identity-by-state values, as well as high identity-by-descent values were also found. There was limited evidence for population genetic structure among the foxes across the landscape sampled, supporting the presence of a single population across the study area. This indicates that there may be no barriers hindering fox dispersal across the landscape.
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HELGEN, KRISTOFER M. "On the identity of flying-foxes, genus Pteropus (Mammalia: Chiroptera), from islands in the Torres Strait, Australia." Zootaxa 780, no. 1 (December 20, 2004): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.780.1.1.
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Five flying-fox species (Pteropus scapulatus, P. alecto, P. conspicillatus, P. macrotis, and P. banakrisi) have been reported from islands in the Torres Strait, situated between northern Australia and southern Papua New Guinea. However, vouchered specimens demonstrate that Torres Strait records of the Large-eared flying-fox (Pteropus macrotis) actually reflect misidentifications of the Little Red flying-fox (P. scapulatus), and that the type series of Pteropus banakrisi Richards & Hall, 2002 (a newly-described species supposedly endemic to Moa Island) consists only of subadult individuals of the Black flying-fox (P. alecto). Only three flying-fox species are therefore known from the strait. These re-identifications underscore the importance of voucher specimens in biological investigations and have important implications for bat conservation in Australia. Pteropus macrotis is removed from the list of mammal species known from Australia, and banakrisi is placed in the synonymy of P. alecto.
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Newsome, T. M., E. E. Spencer, and C. R. Dickman. "Short-term tracking of three red foxes in the Simpson Desert reveals large home-range sizes." Australian Mammalogy 39, no. 2 (2017): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am16037.
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The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is probably the most intensively studied introduced predator in Australia, but little is known about its movements in arid areas. Here, we report on the home-range sizes of one male and two female red foxes that were tracked for 2–8 months using collars fitted with ARGOS transmitters in the Simpson Desert, central Australia. Based on the 100% Minimum Convex Polygon method, home-range sizes were 5723 ha, 50 158 ha, and 12 481 ha, respectively. Based on the 95% kernel contour method, home-range sizes were 3930 ha, 26 954 ha, and 12 142 ha, respectively. These home-range sizes are much larger than any recorded previously from elsewhere in Australia, suggesting that red foxes in the Simpson Desert need to roam over extensive areas to find enough resources to meet their energetic needs. Given that predation by red foxes poses a key threat to many small and medium-sized native mammals, we suggest that red fox control operations may need to be undertaken at very large spatial scales to be effective in arid areas.
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Fairfax, Russell J. "Dispersal of the introduced red fox (Vulpes vulpes) across Australia." Biological Invasions 21, no. 4 (December 7, 2018): 1259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1897-7.
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Graham, Cameron A., Martine Maron, and Clive A. McAlpine. "Influence of landscape structure on invasive predators: feral cats and red foxes in the brigalow landscapes, Queensland, Australia." Wildlife Research 39, no. 8 (2012): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr12008.
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Context Invasive mammalian predators are often associated with fragmented landscapes, and can compound the impacts of habitat loss and fragmentation on native fauna. Knowledge of how invasive predators are influenced by different landscape structures can assist in the mitigation of their impacts. Aims The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of landscape structure and site-scale habitat attributes on the frequency of feral-cat and red-fox detections in fragmented agricultural landscapes. Methods Field surveys of the frequency of red-fox and feral-cat visitation at a site scale were stratified for six different habitat types in six study subregions. The habitat types were large remnant patch interior, large remnant patch edge, small remnant patch, roadside verge, regrowth patch and open agricultural land adjacent to a remnant patch. Sites were centred in a 1-km buffer area from which landscape composition and configuration were calculated. We applied a generalised linear model and an information-theoretic approach to determine the effect size and importance and rank of the explanatory variables on red-fox, feral-cat and pooled cat and fox detection rates. Key results The most important factors influencing detection rates had a positive effect and included: the dominance of cropping in the landscape (cat, fox, pooled cat and fox); and the density of vegetation at a site scale (fox, pooled cat and fox). The number of native habitat patches was also an important factor in the models of red foxes and pooled invasive predators. Conclusion Spatially heterogeneous cropping landscapes incur higher rates of invasive-predator detections than do intact native-woodland and pasture landscapes at the 1-km scale. At a site scale, elevated invasive-predator detections occurred at sites with dense vegetation, characteristic of narrow woodland and the edges of large woodland patches. Implications The research findings highlight that vertebrate pest management needs to target highly fragmented agricultural landscapes that are more likely to have elevated levels of invasive-predator activity. Landscape restoration efforts need to consider the redesign of landscapes to make them less suitable for predators and more hospitable for native wildlife.
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Towerton, Alison L., Christopher R. Dickman, Rodney P. Kavanagh, and Trent D. Penman. "Control of the red fox in remnant forest habitats." Wildlife Research 43, no. 2 (2016): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr15133.
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Context The European red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is subject to control by poison baiting in many parts of its range in Australia to protect both native and domestic species. Assessments of baiting programs can improve their effectiveness and help ensure that long-term control outcomes are achieved. Aims We describe spatial and temporal patterns of bait uptake by the red fox in remnant forest within an agricultural matrix, including multiple bait-takes and hotspots of activity over time, and examine the response of foxes to baiting operations. Methods We analysed bait uptake (Foxoff®) from 12 baiting operations over 5 years in the Goonoo forest, a 62 500 ha remnant surrounded by cleared land in central New South Wales, Australia. More than 8000 checks of bait-stations were analysed to provide indices of fox activity per bait-check, patterns of bait removal during bait-checks, and bait uptake at stations within and across operations. Fox activity was also assessed before and after four operations using sand plots. Key results There was no consistent decline in relative fox activity in relation to changes in bait-take; increases in the activity index occurred in successive checks within most operations. Spatial analyses of checks within control operations showed that consecutive baits were removed at more than 70% of bait stations that were visited by foxes. Temporal analyses showed further that within an operation, multiple bait-takes occurred at ~20% of stations and, across all operations, hot spots of activity could be identified. Conclusions A short (2-week) baiting window in standard baiting operations may not be effective in reducing the activity of foxes across the landscape. It is likely that many baits are being cached during each operation, and that foxes move into the baited area from unbaited surrounding areas. Implications More frequent and timely baiting operations are needed to achieve maximum disruption to the fox population in the remnant forest environment, at least as indicated by patterns of bait-take. Increasing the distance between baits, to ~1.5 km, while reducing baiting-gaps at the landscape scale, will also be important to reduce caching and still ensure that baits are encountered.
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Kinnear, J. E., N. R. Sumner, and M. L. Onus. "The red fox in Australia—an exotic predator turned biocontrol agent." Biological Conservation 108, no. 3 (December 2002): 335–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3207(02)00116-7.
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McLeod, S. R., and G. R. Saunders. "Improving management strategies for the red fox by using projection matrix analysis." Wildlife Research 28, no. 4 (2001): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr00104.
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The absolute and relative contribution to the finite rate of increase of specific age classes was examined using projection matrix sensitivity and elasticity analysis for a number of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) populations. The fox populations that were examined included urban foxes from England, rural foxes from North America and rural foxes from Australia. The youngest age classes made the greatest contribution to the finite rate of increase for all populations studied. A pest management strategy that reduces survivorship and fertility of juvenile and young adult foxes (Age Classes 1 and 2) will be the most effective strategy for reducing a population’s finite rate of increase. The results indicate that fertility control may be as effective as lethal methods for controlling some fox populations.
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O'Connor, Julie M., David M. Burrows, Benjamin L. Allen, and Scott E. Burnett. "Is the European red fox a vector of the invasive basket asparagus (Asparagus aethiopicus) in eastern Australia?" Australian Mammalogy 42, no. 2 (2020): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am19001.
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Basket asparagus (Asparagus aethiopicus) has become a naturalised invasive plant in some coastal areas of Australia since its introduction in the late 19th century. Its spread through garden waste dumping and avian seed dispersal has been well documented and both are considered to be the primary means of dispersal. While a small number of avian vectors have been identified, no Australian studies have investigated the potential of mammals to disperse basket asparagus seeds. We collected basket asparagus seeds from fox (Vulpes vulpes) scats collected in the field, confirmed the viability of these seeds in germination trials, and further documented the germination of basket asparagus seeds from an undisturbed fox scat in situ. These results demonstrate that foxes consume and disperse basket asparagus seeds, and that these seeds are viable and germinate under field conditions. Foxes not only use basket asparagus stands as harbour, but can also facilitate the plant’s dispersal in coastal ecosystems.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Red fox – Australia"
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Spencer, Ricky-John. "The Murray River Turtle, Emydura macquarii: Population Dynamics, Nesting Ecology and Impact of the Introduced Red Fox, Vulpes vulpes." University of Sydney. Biological Sciences, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/373.
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I studied aspects of the ecology of the Murray River turtle, Emydura macquarii, to determine the impact of the introduced red fox, Vulpes vulpes. The fox is one of Australia's worst vertebrate pests through its predation on livestock and native mammals, but their impact on reptilian communities is not known. I conducted a large-scale mark-recapture study to evaluate population growth of E. macquarii in the Albury region of the upper Murray River by determining growth, reproduction and survival. The study was conducted downstream of the first, and largest, impoundment on the Murray River, Lake Hume. Emydura macquarii predominantly inhabit the lagoons in the upper Murray River, as the mainstream and Lake are possibly too cool to maintain metabolic processes. They are easily captured in hoop traps and the use of live decoys maximises trap success. Over 2000 hatchling turtles were marked and released into two lagoons between January 1997 and January 1998. Growth of these individuals is rapid over the first few years but declines towards maturity, and is indeterminate after maturity. Although growth annuli are not well defined, even on young individuals, the von Bertalanffy model describes the growth of both male and female E. macquarii. Male turtles mature at 5-6 years and females mature at 10-12 years. Female turtles may maximise reproductive potential by delaying maturity and producing one relatively large clutch (mean = 21 eggs) per year, which is positively correlated with body size (PL). Although primarily related to body size, clutch size varies annually because of environmental conditions. If winter and summer rainfalls are below average and temperatures are above average, E. macquarii may reduce clutch size to increase the chance of the eggs surviving. Nesting predominantly occurs during the first major rain-bearing depression in November. Habitat variables, including distance from water, nearest nest, and tree, and soil type were measured for each nest to determine characteristics that attract predators. Nests close to the shoreline and trees are heavily preyed on, and nests constructed in sand are less likely to be destroyed by predators. Foxes detect nests through a combination of chemical cues from eggs and slight soil disturbances, whereas birds only destroy nests observed being constructed during the day. Female turtles alter nesting behaviour and construct nests much further away from water when foxes were removed and as a result, nests are less dense and away from trees. Thus in high predation risk areas, turtles minimise emergence and search times to reduce the risk of direct predation by foxes. Predation is reduced when nests are in lower densities and away from trees, because predators increase search efforts when nests are in higher densities and birds are more likely to destroy nests close to trees. Reproductive success is further reduced in high predation risk areas because more nests are constructed in sandy substrates where clutch success is reduced compared to incubation in more dense substrates. Where predators are a significant source of mortality, prey may use indirect methods, such as chemical recognition, to avoid encounters. Nesting turtles did not avoid areas where fox odour was present, suggesting that they assess predation pressure from foxes by other mechanisms, such as visual recognition. However, an innate response occurs to the odour of a once common predator on the Murray River, the eastern quoll (Dasyurus viverrinus), whereby turtles recognise and avoid nesting in areas where quoll odour is present. Therefore nesting turtles show a similar avoidance response to two different predators, using different mechanisms of detection. Similarly, predation risk may influence hatching times and nest emergence. The rate of embryonic development of E. macquarii may increase or eggs may hatch early so that the clutch hatches synchronously, thereby reducing the risk of predation through group emergence from the nest. Emydura macquarii reach densities of over 100 turtles.ha-1, with the majority of the population consisting of sexually mature individuals. Emydura macquarii has a Type III survival curve where mortality is extremely high in the egg stage (93% nest predation), remaining high over the hatchling stage (minimum survival rate- 10%), but decreasing rapidly throughout the juvenile stage (~70% juvenile survival). Adult survival is extremely high, with greater than 95% of adults surviving each year. Foxes through nest predation cause most mortality but a small proportion (~3%) of nesting adult females are killed by foxes each year. A removal program evaluated the impact of foxes. In 1996, fox numbers were monitored around four lagoons by spotlighting and non-toxic bait uptake. Foxes were removed from around two of the lagoons throughout 1997 and 1998, using spotlight shooting and 1080 bait poisoning. Fox numbers were continually monitored around all four lagoons during the study. Nest predation rates remained around 90% in all sites where foxes were present, but fell to less than 50% when foxes were removed. At the same time, predation on nesting female turtles was eliminated where foxes were removed. Demographic models using staged based survival schedules, together with growth and fecundity values for E. macquarii show a decline of 4% per year in these populations. Elasticity analyses shows that survival of adult female E. macquarii has the major influence on population stability and a reduction of nest predation alone is unlikely to address the population decline. Management options, such as reducing foxes prior to nesting around key lagoons, will stabilise the population decline, and eliminating foxes completely from certain areas with high dispersal potential, will promote recruitment of juvenile E. macquarii.
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Paltridge, Rachel M. "Predator-prey interactions in the spinifex grasslands of central Australia." School of Biological Sciences - Faculty of Science, 2005. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/255.
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Predation by exotic predators (cats Felis catus and foxes Vulpes vulpes) is believed to be one of the factors that has contributed to the decline of medium-sized mammals in arid Australia. Other factors include habitat degradation by introduced herbivores (rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus and grazing stock) and altered fire regimes after Aboriginal people moved into permanent settlements. In general, the impact of exotic predators on arid zone mammals is believed to be significant only when predator numbers have been elevated by increased food availability from exotic prey species (rabbits, house-mice Mus domesticus, cattle carcasses) or when native prey populations have already been dramatically reduced by competition from introduced herbivores. In much of the spinifex grasslands of the central Australian deserts, pastoralism never occurred, rabbit colonisation was extremely patchy and in some areas, traditional burning was still being practised when the extinctions commenced. None of the current models of mammalian extinctions adequately explain the declines in this environment. In this study I examined predator-prey interactions in two areas of the Tanami Desert to investigate whether predation by exotic predators may be a primary agent of extinction in its own right, capable of causing mass declines even in the absence of other human-induced perturbations. If this were the case then the following would be expected: (i) cats and foxes would eat medium-sized mammals when they are available, but be able to survive on alternative prey when mammals are scarce; (ii) populations of cats and foxes would be buffered against the declines of mammals during droughts, or would be able to recover more quickly than medium-sized mammals after droughts; (iii) medium-sized mammals would be more vulnerable to predation by cats and foxes than by dingoes Canis lupus dingo and other native predators, and (iv) there would be a correlation between the timings of the extinctions and the colonisation (or sudden increase) of cats and foxes. These predictions were investigated by monitoring the diets and relative abundance of cats, foxes and dingoes in relation to fluctuating prey availability in two areas of the Tanami Desert at latitudes separated by approximately 400 km. Mean annual rainfall is higher and more reliable in the northern study area which was situated in the centre of bilby Macrotis lagotis distribution within the Northern Territory, whereas the southern study area was located on the southern edge of the bilby�s range. Within each study area, monitoring occurred at three sites, approximately 20 km apart. Each site contained a sub-plot in each of two habitat types. Field work was conducted between September 1995 and December 1997. When the study began, the southern study area was experiencing drought conditions, however both study areas received significant rainfall in early 1997. The population dynamics of a variety of potential prey groups were monitored to examine their resilience during droughts, patterns of recolonisation after rainfall, and use of two habitat types: the ubiquitous sandplain, and the moister, nutrient enriched palaeodrainage habitat which is believed to have provided a refuge for medium-sized mammals during droughts. Native mammals were uncommon throughout the study period. Bilbies and macropods were significantly more abundant in the northern study area, and tended to occur more frequently in palaeodrainage habitat than sandplain. However, the palaeodrainage habitat did not appear to provide adequate refuge for the medium and large mammals during drought conditions in the southern study area, as they disappeared from the study sites altogether. Small mammals were significantly more abundant in the southern study area but densities remained low (less than 2% trap success) throughout the study, and showed little response to improved seasonal conditions. In contrast, the abundance and species richness of birds showed a marked increase following rainfall in the southern study area. Flocks of nomadic birds arrived within several months of drought-breaking rains, increasing the relative abundance of birds from 9.3 per km of transect in December 1996 to 49/km in July 1997. Reptiles were the most resilient prey group during the drought conditions. Both varanids and smaller reptiles were equally abundant in the wet and dry years and showed no difference in abundance between study areas. However, reptiles showed marked temperature-related patterns in activity, with many species becoming inactive in the winter months. A total of 142 cat scats, 126 fox scats and 75 dingo scats were analysed to investigate predator diets in the two study areas. Unlike cat, fox and dingo diets elsewhere in Australia (and the world), mammalian prey did not dominate. Reptile was the prey category that was most frequently consumed by cats and foxes in �summer� (October-April) and by dingoes throughout the year, and was identified as a �seasonal staple� prey type for all three predators in the Tanami Desert. When biomass of prey was taken into account, the varanids (predominantly the sand goanna Varanus gouldii) were the most important prey sustaining predators in the two study areas. Birds were an important part of the diets of cats and foxes in winter when reptiles were less active. Small mammals were consumed by cats and foxes throughout the study, in proportion to their field abundances. Invertebrates were a major component of the diets of foxes, representing 31% of prey items consumed. There was considerable overlap in the diets of the three predator species, but dingoes ate more medium (100-999 g) and large (greater than 1000 g) prey than cats and foxes did. The scarcity of medium-sized mammals in the study areas provided little opportunity to find evidence of predation events on such prey. However, bilby remains were found in two cat scats and one dingo scat in the northern study area, mulgara Dasycercus cristicauda remains occurred in several cat and fox scats from the southern study area, and there were fourteen occurrences of marsupial mole Notoryctes typhlops in predator scats during the study, primarily in fox scats. Elsewhere in Australia, there is ample evidence that cats and foxes regularly consume medium-sized mammalian prey (e.g. rabbits and ringtail possums Pseudocheirus peregrinus) when it is available. Overall cats were the most abundant eutherian predators in the two study areas, and they were significantly more abundant in the northern study area than the southern study area. Surveys revealed that cats can persist into droughts by feeding on reptilian prey. When the study commenced, cats occurred on five of the six sub-plots in the southern study area, despite six consecutive years of below-average rainfall. However, by the end of the first year, they could only be detected on one sub-plot. Recolonisation of the sites rapidly occurred after significant rainfall (260 mm in 2 months), when nomadic birds colonised the sites and provided a plentiful food source. Foxes also declined to very low densities during drought in the southern study area, but they had recolonised all sites by the winter of 1997. This coincided with the increase in abundance of birds, which became their most frequently consumed prey item. Overall, foxes were equally abundant in the two study areas, but statistical analyses revealed a significant interaction between latitude and habitat because in the southern study area foxes tended to utilise the palaeodrainage habitat more than the sandplain, whereas in the northern study area the majority of fox sign was detected in the sandplain habitat. This may have been due to the abundance of dingoes in the palaeodrainage habitat in the northern study area. Dingoes were significantly more abundant in the northern study area than the southern, where they were usually only present at one of the three sites. The northern study area had higher densities of macropods (supplementary prey for dingoes) and more reliable access to drinking water, which persisted in the palaeodrainage channels for up to 6 months after significant rain events. Dingo numbers were relatively stable throughout the study and did not increase in response to improved seasonal conditions in the southern study area in 1997. This study revealed that the distribution of foxes extends further north into the Tanami Desert than has previously been reported, and is not necessarily tied to the distribution of rabbits in the Northern Territory. Furthermore, discussion with Aboriginal people who lived a traditional lifestyle in the area until the 1940s, revealed that foxes were already present in the northern Tanami desert at that time, before the disappearance of many medium-sized mammal species. The patterns of medium-sized mammalian extinctions in the northern and western deserts between 1940 and 1960 is thus consistent with the colonisation of the fox. Although cats had been present in central Australia for at least 50 years before the mammalian declines occurred, this does not discount them from contributing to the extinction process. It is postulated that during the early decades of their colonisation of the arid interior, cat populations may have been maintained at low levels by predation from dingoes and also Aboriginal people (for whom cats were a favoured food). But between 1920 and 1960 the western deserts were depopulated of Aboriginal people, and human hunting of cats diminished. This coincided with the introduction of the dingo bounty scheme, which encouraged many Aboriginal people to continue making regular excursions into the deserts to collect dingo scalps. In this study, cat remains occurred in 9% of dingo scats, suggesting that dingoes may be an important predator of cats. Thus, there may have been an increase in the cat population between 1930 and 1960, producing a more significant impact on native mammal populations than had previously occurred. Information collected during this study was used to construct a new model of mammalian extinctions in the spinifex grasslands of central Australia that promotes predation by cats and foxes as the primary agent of extinction. The model proposes that cats and foxes will eat medium-sized mammals when they are available, but are capable of subsisting on naturally occurring alternative prey when mammals are scarce. Thus, cats and foxes can persist into drought periods by feeding on reptilian prey, which remains an abundant resource regardless of rainfall (at least during the warmer months). Predator populations eventually decline after a series of dry winters. When the drought breaks, the rapid response of nomadic birds provides a readily available food source for cats and foxes as they recolonise areas and commence breeding. Predation by cats and foxes thereby has the potential to exacerbate the declines of native prey populations during droughts and delay their recovery when seasonal conditions improve. In this way, introduced predators are capable of causing local extinctions of medium-sized mammals when populations contract during drought periods, even in the absence of introduced herbivores and altered fire regimes. Although dingoes also prey upon medium-sized mammals, dingoes did not cause extinctions of medium-sized mammals in the spinifex grasslands because (i) they are more reliant on drinking water than foxes and cats, thus waterless areas would have provided some degree of predation refugia, and (ii) their social structure and territoriality prevent high densities accumulating, even when resources are abundant. If further extinctions of medium-sized mammals (such as the bilby) are to be prevented, it may be necessary for wildlife managers to establish a series of predation refugia where fox and cat populations can be controlled without extinguishing local dingo populations. This could be achieved with a combination of predator-proof enclosures, zones in which foxes are killed through poison baiting and areas where Aboriginal people are employed to utilise traditional hunting methods to control introduced predators.
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Crawford, Heather. "A comparison of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and feral cat (Felis catus) diets in the south west region of Western Australia." Thesis, Crawford, Heather (2010) A comparison of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and feral cat (Felis catus) diets in the south west region of Western Australia. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2010. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/27861/.
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There is a paucity of data on the diet of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and feral cats (Felis catus) in the south west region of Western Australia. Information is needed to determine the impact of these introduced predators on native wildlife, and to establish whether competitive and predatory interactions are likely to exist between foxes and cats. Therefore the diets of both species were quantified and compared by examining the stomach contents of 542 foxes and 56 cats collected from across the south west region in association with the Red Card for the Red Fox community feral control program. This study provides the first insight into the summer dietary preferences of the red fox and feral cat in south west Western Australia.
This study provided a ‘snapshot’ of dietary intake, revealing that there was little overlap in the diets of red foxes and feral cats (26%), with the proportions of different prey categories consumed differing significantly between the predators (ANOSIM- R=0.1352, p<0.0001). Overall, foxes consumed mostly domestic sheep as carrion or lamb (64%, using Index of Relative Importance values for this food category), as well as a large amount of fruit, grains and invertebrates. With numerous bird species as their staple prey (32%, by IRI), feral cats are actively hunting a greater proportion of native vertebrate species (43%, by IRI), than foxes (6%, by IRI). Surprisingly, cats deliberately consumed a large amount of plant material (18%, by IRI), which may suggest that this atypical food source plays a role in sustaining feral cats during summer.
From analysis of fox and cat diets it can be surmised that in the south west, interspecific competition between the predators may not be strong because of their reliance on different food categories. However, removal experiments and investigation of spatial interactions between the two species are required to confirm that resource partitioning and not antagonistic interactions are causing dietary differences (e.g. interference competition).
Findings from the current study into the diets of red foxes and feral cats have implications for both farmers and conservationists in the south west. If carrion is responsible for sustaining large fox populations (hyperpredation) during a period of reduced resources, removal of carrion may reduce fox population sizes substantially. If, however, active control of foxes then leads to mesopredator release, feral cats may have a greater impact on the south west’s remaining native species, especially if cats have increased access to carrion.
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Main, Michael Thomas. "An investigation into the spatial distribution, habitat selection and resource usage of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) inhabiting urban reserves within Perth, Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2351.
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I attempted to track a population of urban foxes in Kings Park, but due to collar failure, only one collar was retrieved. The GPS telemetry data from this fox produced home range estimates for minimum convex polygon (MCP) and kernel density (KD) of 0.302 km² and 0.331 km², respectively. The fox was predominantly active at night, with a ten-fold increase in movement during nocturnal periods when compared to daytime movements. Roads and man-made tracks were important for facilitating movement of the fox through its home range, with almost 97% of location fixes recorded within 100m of these features. The fox showed a preference for parrot bush Banksia sessilis shrubland and disturbed areas containing exotic weeds and revegetation, while avoiding woodlands and open spaces.
Monitoring programs aimed at assessing the abundance of invasive species, as well as the severity of their impacts to the environment, are crucial for designing and implementing effective control strategies. I investigated the relative occupancy and diet of foxes at the local scale. Thirty one fox scats taken from two urban reserves revealed that medium-sized mammals, particularly brush-tailed possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) and quenda (Isoodon fusciventer), and black rats (Rattus rattus) comprised a large proportion of fox diet. Fruits and seeds, predominantly those produced by the Moreton Bay Fig (Ficus macrophylla), also contributed to a large portion of the diet of foxes. I used 21 motion cameras deployed across 10 monitoring sites to estimate fox occupancy within Kings Park. Seasonality had a significant influence on probability of occupancy and detection for foxes inhabiting Kings Park, with the highest rates of detection seen during the summer months (December-February). This spike in detections is consistent with the timing of dispersing juveniles, which are likely to be immigrating into the area in search of a suitable home range.
Improving the effectiveness of conservation strategies through collaborative research is a key outcome of the Kings Park and Botanic Gardens Management Plan 2014-2019 strategic framework and implementing control measures for pest animals is a priority target for both this plan and the Bold Park Management Plan 2011-2016. Numerous methods have been used to control and/or mitigate their impacts within Australia, however, the success rates of these strategies vary. With the information gained from this investigation, it is my hope that future fox monitoring and control programs can be improved within the reserves and surrounding land uses.
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Pickett, Karolyne. "Sublethal impacts of risk of predation by the introduced red fox on the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) in New South Wales, Australia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ45504.pdf.
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Russell, Benjamin Gallard School of Biological Earth & Environmental Sciences UNSW. "The role of odour in Australian mammalian predator/prey interactions." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25144.
Full textAbstract:
Odour plays an important role in many predator/prey interactions. In the northern hemisphere, many mammalian prey species have been shown to respond to predator odours. It is also widely assumed that mammalian predators utilise odours to locate their prey. This thesis explores the importance of odour in Australian mammalian predator/prey interactions. Responses of native Australian species to the faecal odour of two predators; the native tiger quoll Dasyurus maculatus and the introduced red fox Vulpes vulpes, were evaluated through live-trapping and focussed behavioural studies of captive animals. Tiger quoll responses to prey olfactory cues were investigated in a captive experiment. Native rodents (bush rats Rattus fuscipes, swamp rats R. lutreolus and eastern chestnut mice Pseudomys gracilicaudatus) equally avoided traps scented with either quoll or fox faeces, and in captive experiments, bush rats and swamp rats reduced their average speed in response to both predator odours. Of the marsupial species, northern brown bandicoots Isoodon macrourus and common brushtail possums Trichosurus vulpecula were captured more frequently in quoll-scented traps than unscented traps or foxscented traps, while captures of brown antechinus Antechinus stuarttii, long-nosed bandicoots Perameles nasuta and southern brown bandicoot I. obesulus were unaffected by the either predator odour. In captive experiments, brown antechinus, long-nosed and northern brown bandicoots decreased their foraging in response to both predator odours, and spent less time in areas scented with quoll faeces. Tiger quolls didn't appear to detect odour sources from a distance of >65 cm, but they did follow scent trails and spent more time in areas scented with the urine and faeces of potential prey. Chemical analysis revealed no common components in fox and quoll odour which prey species could be responding to. Therefore, these native species have evolved to respond to fox odour since foxes were introduced to Australia 130 years ago. The stronger response of native rodents to fox odour may be a legacy of their co-evolution with canid predators prior to entering Australia. A better understanding of how odour is utilised in Australian predator/prey interactions may lead to a greater ability to protect Australia's unique mammalian fauna from introduced predators.
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Mahizhnan, Annamalai. "Red-brown hardpan: distribution, origin and exploration implications for gold in the Yilgarn Craton of Western Australia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1732.
Full textAbstract:
Red-brown hardpan occurs extensively in Western Australia in the arid and semi-arid regions of the Murchison, Pilbara and Eastern Goldfields divisions, between longitudes 115ºE and 124ºE and latitudes 23ºs and 30ºs. It occupies an area of about 360,000 sq. km, two thirds of which occurs in the Yilgarn Craton. The purpose of this research is to map the distribution of red-brown hardpan in the Yilgarn Craton of Western Australia; study the relationship between landscape, soil texture and vegetation; investigate the physical characteristics, petrology, mineralogy, geochemistry and cementing agents; and thereby determine the processes invaded in forming red-brown hardpan. The relation of red-brown hardpan to gold is investigated and determined its implications in mineral exploration. The main case study areas were the Goldfields Gas Pipe Line, the Federal Open Pit Gold mines and the Menzies district in the Kalgoorlie-Menzies region of the Eastern Goldfields; areas in and around the Woolgorong Station in the Murchison Province and at the Wiluna Gold Mines in the Northeastern Goldfields. The findings and conclusions of this research are summarised below. Red-brown hardpan occurs at or near the land surface and may vary from less than one metre to more than 10 m thick. It is exclusively developed in colluvium and alluvium, showing varying stages of cementation ranging from weakly cemented through moderate to strongly cemented. In addition, calcrete and red-brown hardpan occurs together in many places, south of the Menzies line, and this distribution suggests that red-brown hardpan was once more extensive and has been subsequently replaced by carbonate to form calcareous red-brown hardpan and calcrete. Red- brown hardpan predominantly occurs in regions with Q50 mm annual rainfall.In present-day higher rainfall (400 to 500 mm) regions, red-brown hardpan is being weathered. There is no relationship between the distribution of mulga (Acacia aneura) and red-brown hardpan. Red-brown hardpan is exclusively developed in colluvium containing a minimum of 20% quartz, 15% clays and 2% iron oxides. It is bright reddish brown to reddish brown, earthy, with a sandy loam texture, blocky structure and porous. Red-brown hardpan is hard (up to 12 MPa), being characterised by sub-horizontal laminations predominantly of uncemented kaolinite. Ped surfaces may be coated by Mn oxide and carbonate which may be precipitated along the laminations. The mineralogy of the cement is complex. Data from XRD, SEM, TEM, EFTEM, FTIR and NIR investigations show poorly-ordered kaolinite and opal-A as the main components. Illuvial multilayered argillaceous cutans containing silica and alumina in a ratio of 2:l form the cement. Secondary silica (SiO2-95%) coatings are common, mainly as opal-A, on ped surfaces and on the inner walls of voids and vughs. Etch pits are developed in these coatings and some of them are filled by kaolinitic clays. Selective dissolution experiments using acid ammonium oxalate show that oxalate- soluble amorphous and poorly ordered silica and alumina in red-brown hardpan have molar ratios of about 1.6 to 2 A1203:SiO2.These results suggest that red-brown hardpans were formed where there was sufficient water during the wet season to dissolve alumina and silica, but insufficient to leach them. During the subsequent dry season, the dissolved alumina and silica was precipitated as poorly-ordered kaolinite and opal-A. Successive dissolution and precipitation led to fusion of poorly-ordered kaolinite and opal-A at a nanometre scale to progressively cement the colluvium. The age of the red-brown hardpans, estimated by paleomagnetic dating of hematite, is from Pleistocene to present. Based on the findings of this research, the red-brown hardpan is redefined and primarily classified on its degree of cementation as: (1) weakly cemented, (2) moderately cemented and (3) strongly cemented. It is further classified chemically into: (1) siliceous, (2) calcareous and (3) ferruginous. In the Yilgarn Craton, red-brown hardpan is believed to occur mainly north of the 'Menzies Line'. However, this study reveals the presence of red-brown hardpan 75- 150 km south of the Menzies Line and the new southern boundary is closer to latitude 29ºs. Geochemical investigation at the Federal Open Pit Gold mines, Broad Arrow, north of Kalgoorlie indicate that there are Au anomalies in red-brown hardpan. Gold concentration is up to 50 ppb against the background anomaly of 10 ppb. Sequential and partial extraction analyses show significant correlation of Au with Ag, Ca, Ce, Co, Mg, Mn and Ni. This suggests that the Au concentration in red-brown hardpan is due to: (a) mechanical dispersion due to reworking of Au-bearing clasts in the sediment and (b) hydromorphic dispersion from the underlying mineralisation. It can therefore be used as a useful sampling medium for gold exploration.
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Mahizhnan, Annamalai. "Red-brown hardpan: distribution, origin and exploration implications for gold in the Yilgarn Craton of Western Australia." Curtin University of Technology, Department of Applied Geology, 2004. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15888.
Full textAbstract:
Red-brown hardpan occurs extensively in Western Australia in the arid and semi-arid regions of the Murchison, Pilbara and Eastern Goldfields divisions, between longitudes 115ºE and 124ºE and latitudes 23ºs and 30ºs. It occupies an area of about 360,000 sq. km, two thirds of which occurs in the Yilgarn Craton. The purpose of this research is to map the distribution of red-brown hardpan in the Yilgarn Craton of Western Australia; study the relationship between landscape, soil texture and vegetation; investigate the physical characteristics, petrology, mineralogy, geochemistry and cementing agents; and thereby determine the processes invaded in forming red-brown hardpan. The relation of red-brown hardpan to gold is investigated and determined its implications in mineral exploration. The main case study areas were the Goldfields Gas Pipe Line, the Federal Open Pit Gold mines and the Menzies district in the Kalgoorlie-Menzies region of the Eastern Goldfields; areas in and around the Woolgorong Station in the Murchison Province and at the Wiluna Gold Mines in the Northeastern Goldfields. The findings and conclusions of this research are summarised below. Red-brown hardpan occurs at or near the land surface and may vary from less than one metre to more than 10 m thick. It is exclusively developed in colluvium and alluvium, showing varying stages of cementation ranging from weakly cemented through moderate to strongly cemented. In addition, calcrete and red-brown hardpan occurs together in many places, south of the Menzies line, and this distribution suggests that red-brown hardpan was once more extensive and has been subsequently replaced by carbonate to form calcareous red-brown hardpan and calcrete. Red- brown hardpan predominantly occurs in regions with Q50 mm annual rainfall.In present-day higher rainfall (400 to 500 mm) regions, red-brown hardpan is being weathered. There is no relationship between the distribution of mulga (Acacia aneura) and red-brown hardpan. Red-brown hardpan is exclusively developed in colluvium containing a minimum of 20% quartz, 15% clays and 2% iron oxides. It is bright reddish brown to reddish brown, earthy, with a sandy loam texture, blocky structure and porous. Red-brown hardpan is hard (up to 12 MPa), being characterised by sub-horizontal laminations predominantly of uncemented kaolinite. Ped surfaces may be coated by Mn oxide and carbonate which may be precipitated along the laminations. The mineralogy of the cement is complex. Data from XRD, SEM, TEM, EFTEM, FTIR and NIR investigations show poorly-ordered kaolinite and opal-A as the main components. Illuvial multilayered argillaceous cutans containing silica and alumina in a ratio of 2:l form the cement. Secondary silica (SiO2-95%) coatings are common, mainly as opal-A, on ped surfaces and on the inner walls of voids and vughs. Etch pits are developed in these coatings and some of them are filled by kaolinitic clays. Selective dissolution experiments using acid ammonium oxalate show that oxalate- soluble amorphous and poorly ordered silica and alumina in red-brown hardpan have molar ratios of about 1.6 to 2 A1203:SiO2.
These results suggest that red-brown hardpans were formed where there was sufficient water during the wet season to dissolve alumina and silica, but insufficient to leach them. During the subsequent dry season, the dissolved alumina and silica was precipitated as poorly-ordered kaolinite and opal-A. Successive dissolution and precipitation led to fusion of poorly-ordered kaolinite and opal-A at a nanometre scale to progressively cement the colluvium. The age of the red-brown hardpans, estimated by paleomagnetic dating of hematite, is from Pleistocene to present. Based on the findings of this research, the red-brown hardpan is redefined and primarily classified on its degree of cementation as: (1) weakly cemented, (2) moderately cemented and (3) strongly cemented. It is further classified chemically into: (1) siliceous, (2) calcareous and (3) ferruginous. In the Yilgarn Craton, red-brown hardpan is believed to occur mainly north of the 'Menzies Line'. However, this study reveals the presence of red-brown hardpan 75- 150 km south of the Menzies Line and the new southern boundary is closer to latitude 29ºs. Geochemical investigation at the Federal Open Pit Gold mines, Broad Arrow, north of Kalgoorlie indicate that there are Au anomalies in red-brown hardpan. Gold concentration is up to 50 ppb against the background anomaly of 10 ppb. Sequential and partial extraction analyses show significant correlation of Au with Ag, Ca, Ce, Co, Mg, Mn and Ni. This suggests that the Au concentration in red-brown hardpan is due to: (a) mechanical dispersion due to reworking of Au-bearing clasts in the sediment and (b) hydromorphic dispersion from the underlying mineralisation. It can therefore be used as a useful sampling medium for gold exploration.
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au, j. anderson@murdoch edu, and Jonathan Anderson. "Impacts of Amending Bauxite Residue Sands with Residue Fines for the Establishment of Vegetation on Residue Disposal Areas." Murdoch University, 2009. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20090831.155453.
Full textAbstract:
Long term storage of bauxite residue materials requires a capping stratum which will limit erosion while stabilizing slopes, limit deep infiltration of water into storage piles, and be aesthetically acceptable to the surrounding community. A diverse native vegetative community capable of surviving seasonal drought, low plant available water and nutrient constraints has the best potential of satisfying most, if not all of these requirements. Current and past rehabilitation of residue disposal areas (RDAs) using species native to southwest Western Australia has exhibited varying success. Current practices at Alcoa World Alumina Australias (Alcoa) Western Australia refineries have bauxite residue fines (< 150 ìm) stored within impoundments, in which the outer embankments are constructed with bauxite residue sands (> 150 ìm). The residue sands are also used as the growth media in the capping stratum for vegetation establishment on the disposal sites. Despite the inherently hostile properties of residue sand (pH > 10, EC(1:5) > 4 dS m-1, and ESP > 50), reductions in alkalinity (pH), salinity (EC) and sodicity (ESP) are corrected, through freshwater leaching, to a greater extent than is possible with residue fines. Although leaching can reduce the hostile character of residue sand, additions of phosphogypsum are typically added to expedite the removal of Na and alkalinity, and inorganic fertilizers are incorporated to improve the nutrient status of the growth media. However, due to the inconsistencies in vegetation establishment, which are attributed to poor water retention, inherent nutrient deficiencies and rapid loss of nutrients within residue sands (because of high hydraulic conductivity), further amendments are required.
The aim of this study was to determine if amending the residue sand capping layer with residue fines would enhance its overall growth potential for vegetation establishment. Additions of fines to residue sands were predicted to increase water retention, add nutrients and increase the ability of the growth media to retain nutrients. Comparisons were made between the treated residue fines (seawater washed, carbonated, or unaltered) at a series of fines additions (1 - 20 % w/w) and a control(residue sand) amended with 2% (w/w) phosphogypsum and inorganic fertilizer.
Comparisons were to determine the differences in 1) water retention, 2) nutrient concentrations and nutrient retention, and 3) plant growth responses and plant biomass nutrient concentrations between the growth media treatments. Four experiments were set up to measure differences in these variables which included: a glasshouse study involving the growth of Acacia saligna; a germination and emergence study (A.saligna); a two year field study in Western Australia; and a glasshouse column leaching study.
Water retention increased with increasing percentage of residue fines addition. Plant available water (PAW) increased up to 110 %, with a 20 % increase in fines, representing an increase of 0.026 m3 PAW m-3 residue growth media, when compared to the residue sand only. This increase in PAW was attributed to changes in pore space distributions, due to the increasing fines contents altering the sandy texture to loamy sand texture class. However, initially much of this increase in PAW may not be realized, due to estimated temporary increases in osmotic potential associated with the high salt contents of residue sand and fines. Fines materials have much greater salt contents, and thus need to be leached to a greater extent than sands to remove the associated osmotic potential effects.
Essential plant nutrients (P, K, S, Ca, Mg, and B) were increased with additions of residue fines in the glasshouse studies, although many nutrients (Mg, Zn, Mn and B) were still marginal for sustainable plant growth and development. Seawater treated residue fines additions produced the greatest increases in growth media nutrients with substantial increases in soluble (> 7 mg L-1) and exchangeable (> 0.10 cmolc kg-1) Mg, being up to 400 % greater than all other treatments. Along with these necessary nutrients, concentrations of Na were also increased in all fines additions treatments. Added Na may offset the benefits of fines additions, at least in the short term, due to inhibitions of cation uptake from Na competition. However, in the column leaching study soluble and exchangeable Na was lost rapidly from the profile, due to Ca and K displacement of Na from exchange sites during leaching. Soluble Na was removed from the profile to < 5 % of initial concentrations, after only three pore volumes of leaching, and exchangeable Na was removed from charge sites to less than 25 % of the initial concentration. Fines additions did increase concentrations of Mg and K on exchange sites, thus reflecting increased nutrient retention capacity relative to that in residue sand only.
Plant growth responses and plant biomass nutrient concentrations were altered with the additions of residue fines to residue sands. The germination and emergence study demonstrated that the emergence of native seedlings was affected by additions of fines, due to the increased salinity and sodicity of the materials. Acacia saligna seedling emergence was inhibited by EC(1:5) > 2 dS m-1, which was highly correlated with a Na/Ca ratio of > 40, for all treatments, except the seawater fines additions. Seeds sown in seawater treatments emerged from growth media with EC(1:5) as high as 3.33 dS m-1 and appeared to be better correlated with Ca/Mg ratios than any other variable. Native vegetation growth responses showed mixed results in fines treated residues in the field. In the greenhouse study, plant growth tended to decrease with fines additions. Poor plant growth with increasing fines additions occurred despite the increased water retention and increased nutrients. This was attributed to the addition of Na associated with the residue fines, as increases in Na, EC and ESP in fines treatments all appear to have limited growth of Acacia saligna in the glasshouse over three months. Seawater fines additions had elevated Mg and B concentrations in plant biomass, and performed better than the carbonated or unaltered fines treatments, but still had reduced growth compared to the residue sand, which contained lower Na concentrations. Additional plant growth limitations may have occurred, due to possible plant nutrient deficiencies including: Mg, Zn, Mn and B and Na toxicity.
Incorporation of residue fines into residue sands did increase water retention, nutrient concentrations and the nutrient retention capacity, but did not enhance the overall growth potential for vegetation, at least in the short term. Reductions in germination and emergence of seedlings and reduced plant growth were attributed to increases in Na concentrations introduced from the fines. Seawater washed residue fines had lower ESP and greater concentrations of nutrients, thus reducing the negative impacts from the additional Na introduced, and showed the greatest promise as a fines amendment. As leaching occurs over the first few initial months of rehabilitation, it is expected that the majority of the Na will be removed, from a system with an addition of 5 to 10 % fines, and the positive benefits of the fines additions will than be realized. Findings also illustrate that delaying the planting of vegetation on RDAs, until adequate leaching has occurred to reduce the Na concentrations, will substantially increase vegetation emergence and establishment.
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Edwards, Justin Kenneth. "Reed bed systems for the treatment of wastewaters and for sludge dewatering." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343453.
Full textBooks on the topic "Red fox – Australia"
1
Berry, Ken. Cambodia-- from red to blue: Australia's initiative for peace. St. Leonards, N.S.W., Australia: Allen & Unwin in association with the Dept. of International Relations, RSPAS, ANU, 1997.
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2
Collins, Ben. The Red Fox: The biography of Norm Smith : legendary Melbourne coach. Docklands, Vic: Slattery Media Group, 2008.
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3
Hodgson, Ann. Traditional knowledge & the Pacific strategic engagement program: Report for Australian Red Cross (ARC). S.l.]: Australian Red Cross, 2008.
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4
Fox, Mem. Dear Mem Fox, I have read all your books even the pathetic ones: And other incidents in the life of a children's book author. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1992.
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5
Evatt, Foundation Conference "Seeing Red: the Communist Party Dissolution Act and Referendum 1951: Lessons for Constitutional Reform" (1991 N. S. W. Parliament House and the Law School of the University of Sydney). Seeing red: The Communist Party Dissolution Act and Referendum 1951 : lessons for constitutional reform : the Inaugural Herbert Vere Evatt Memorial Address and papers from the Evatt Foundation conference Seeing Red: the Communist Part [sic] Dissolution Act 1951: Lessons for Constitutional Reform," held at NSW Parliament House and the Law School of the University of Sydney, April 1991. Sydney, NSW: Evatt Foundation, 1992.
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Newsome, Thomas, and Alan Newsome. Red Kangaroo in Central Australia. CSIRO Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486301560.
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The red kangaroo is at the heart of Australia's ecological identity. It is Australia's largest terrestrial land mammal, the largest extant marsupial, and the only kangaroo truly restricted to Australia's arid interior. Almost nothing was known about the ecology of the red kangaroo when Alan Newsome began to study it in 1957. He discovered how droughts affect reproduction, why red kangaroos favour different habitats during droughts from those after rains, and that unprecedented explosions in red kangaroo numbers were caused by changes to the landscape wrought by graziers. Most importantly, he realised the possibilities of enriching western science with Indigenous knowledge, a feat recognised today as one of the greatest achievements of his career.
First drafted in 1975 and now revised and prepared for publication by his son, The Red Kangaroo in Central Australia captures Alan's thoughts as a young ecologist working in Central Australia in the 1950s and 1960s. It will inspire a new generation of scientists to explore Australia's vast interior and study the extraordinary adaptations of its endemic mammals. It will also appeal to readers of other classics of Australian natural history, such as Francis Ratcliffe's Flying Fox and Drifting Sand and Harry Frith's The Mallee Fowl, The Bird that Builds an Incubator.
Recipient of a 2017 Whitley Awards Certificate of Commendation for Pioneering Zoology
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Bruce, Sharyn. LET ME INTRODUCE YOU the European Red Fox. Primedia eLaunch LLC, 2017.
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Garnett, Stephen, Judit Szabo, and Guy Dutson. Action Plan for Australian Birds 2010. CSIRO Publishing, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643103696.
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The Action Plan for Australian Birds 2010 is the third in a series of action plans that have been produced at the start of each decade. The book analyses the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) status of all the species and subspecies of Australia's birds, including those of the offshore territories. For each bird the size and trend in their population and distribution has been analysed using the latest iteration of IUCN Red List Criteria to determine their risk of extinction.
The book also provides an account of all those species and subspecies that are or are likely to be extinct. The result is the most authoritative account yet of the status of Australia's birds.
In this completely revised edition each account covers not only the 2010 status but provides a retrospective assessment of the status in 1990 and 2000 based on current knowledge, taxonomic revisions and changes to the IUCN criteria, and then reasons why the status of some taxa has changed over the last two decades. Maps have been created specifically for the Action Plan based on vetted data drawn from the records of Birds Australia, its members and its partners in many government departments.
This is not a book of lost causes. It is a call for action to keep the extraordinary biodiversity we have inherited and pass the legacy to our children.
2012 Whitley Award Commendation for Zoological Resource.
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Slevin, Terry, ed. Sun, Skin and Health. CSIRO Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486301164.
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Skin cancer is Australia’s ‘national cancer’. At least two in three Australians are diagnosed with skin cancer by the age of 70 and over 1000 Australians are treated for skin cancer every day. The good news is that skin cancer is one of the most preventable forms of cancer. This book brings together leading experts in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of skin cancer, providing practical information about the sun and health.
The book begins with an explanation of what skin cancer is and how it forms, then discusses ultraviolet radiation and how to protect yourself, the effects of tanning, myths and truths about sunscreen, getting enough Vitamin D, the impact of the sun on your eyes, early detection and treatment of skin cancer, and life after skin cancer. It is a must-read for anyone living under the Australian and New Zealand sun.
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Cooke, Brian Douglas. Australia's War Against Rabbits. CSIRO Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486301744.
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The management of wild rabbits is a vexing problem worldwide. In countries such as Australia and New Zealand, wild rabbits are regarded as serious pests to agriculture and the environment, while in many European countries they are considered an important hunting resource, and are a cornerstone species in Mediterranean ecosystems, modifying habitats and supporting important predator populations such as the Iberian lynx. The introduction of two viral diseases, myxomatosis and rabbit haemorrhagic disease, as biological control agents in Australia has been met favourably, yet their spread in southern Europe threatens natural rabbit populations. Despite this, scientists with very different goals still work together with a common interest in understanding rabbit biology and epidemiology.
Australia's War Against Rabbits uses rabbit haemorrhagic disease as an important case study in understanding how animal populations adapt to diseases, caused in this case by an RNA virus. Looking at rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) in an ecological framework enables insights into both virus and rabbit biology that are relevant for understanding other emerging diseases of importance to humans.
This book provides up-to-date information on recent advances in areas ranging from virus structure and disease mechanics through to the sociological implications of using biological control agents and the benefits to the economy and biodiversity. It is a compelling read for wildlife disease researchers, wildlife managers, rabbit biologists, people working in the public health and education sectors, and landholders and farmers with experience or interest in RHD.
Book chapters on the topic "Red fox – Australia"
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Pinhey, Sally, and Margaret Tebbs. "Phytoremediators." In Plants for soil regeneration: an illustrated guide, 28–34. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789243604.0006.
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Abstract This chapter discusses phytoremediators. These species have evolved mechanisms to tolerate various metals and to accumulate them in their tissues. A selection of plants commonly used for phytoremediation such as aspen (Populus spp.), berseem or Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum), Brassica juncea, Brassica carinata, common reed (Phragmites australis), moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens), pennycress (Thlaspi caerulescens), reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), and willow (Salix spp.) are discussed in detail in this chapter.
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"Pauline Nguyen." In Exploring the Economic Opportunities and Impacts of Migrant Entrepreneurship, 50–60. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4986-8.ch005.
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Fleeing the Vietnam War with her family at only 3 years old, Pauline Nguyen endured a tough and terrifying childhood before her family was accepted to live in Australia in 1978. Through her persistent drive and discipline, Pauline overcame her odds to become the owner of Red Lantern, the most awarded Vietnamese restaurant in the world located in Sydney, Australia. Pauline is renowned today as one of Australia's most successful and talented entrepreneurs. She is also a best-selling and award-winning author, winning the Telstra Award for Medium Businesses and Australian Book Industry Awards – Writer Debut of the Year in 2008 for her book, Secrets of the Red Lantern. Pauline's philosophy of spiritual entrepreneurship has empowered countless professionals to command self-mastery and achieve exponential business growth. This chapter explores Pauline's incredible journey and shares her unique personal, business, and life philosophy driving her to become one of Australia's most inspirational business leaders.
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McCarthy, Conor. "The Endurance of Exclusion: Versions of Ned Kelly." In Outlaws and Spies, 80–106. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474455930.003.0004.
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This chapter considers the endurance of the practice of outlawry into nineteenth century Australia, and the subsequent endurance of the Australian bushranger in multiple reinterpretations and reworkings, via the figure of Ned Kelly. It considers Kelly as social bandit and homo sacer, Irish rebel and Australian myth, through a variety of versions of the Kelly story, from Kelly’s own Jerilderie Letter up to and including Peter Carey’s quasi-Joycean reworking of Kelly’s life in an Hiberno-English ‘language of the outlaw.’ Again, outlawry as defined in law is read here against other forms of legal exclusion: the exclusions that create the Australian colonies via transportation for convicts, a practice not unlike the previous legal punishment of banishment (akin to outlawry); the non-recognition of Indigenous sovereignty and tenure; and the exclusion of Aboriginal Australians from law, rendering them de facto outlaws.
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Goldsmith, Jack, and Tim Wu. "Consequences of Borders." In Who Controls the Internet? Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195152661.003.0015.
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Australia’s Joseph Gutnick is a billionaire, a diamond and gold miner, a political player, a philanthropist, and a rabbi. On October 20, 2000, Gutnick awoke in Victoria to find himself accused of tax evasion and money laundering by the American business magazine Barron’s. The article, “UnHoly Gains,” suggested that Gutnick had engaged in shady dealings with Nachum Goldberg, a Melbourne money launderer jailed in 2000 for washing AU$42 million in used notes through a bogus Israeli charity. Gutnick read the story, not in the print version of Barron’s but on the online version of its sister publication, “wsj.com,” a website on a server physically located in New Jersey. Gutnick was not the only Australian to read the story. Approximately seventeen hundred Australians subscribed to wsj.com, including many Australian business and finance leaders. An enraged Gutnick vehemently denied the illicit association with Goldberg. To protect his reputation, he sued Dow Jones & Company—the parent company of both Barron’s and the Wall Street Journal—in an Australian court, taking advantage of tough Australian libel laws unleavened by the U.S. First Amendment. The legal arguments in the Gutnick case mirrored those in the Yahoo litigation in France a few years earlier. Dow Jones argued that Australian courts were legally powerless (or “without jurisdiction”) to rule on the legality of information on a computer in the United States, even if it appeared in Australia. The Australian High Court, like the court in France, disagreed. For material published on the Internet, it stated, the place where the person downloads the material “will be the place where the tort of defamation is committed.” Within two years of this decision, Dow Jones agreed to pay Gutnick AU$180,000 in damages and AU$400,000 in legal fees to settle the case. It also issued this retraction: “Barron’s has no reason to believe Mr. Gutnick was ever a customer of Mr. Goldberg, and has no reason to believe that Mr. Gutnick was a money laundering customer of, or had any criminal or other improper relationship with, Mr. Goldberg.”
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Leach, Jamie, and Julie McKay. "The Australian Consumer Data Right: The Promise of Open Data." In Open Banking, 201–34. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197582879.003.0011.
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In Chapter 10, “The Australian Consumer Data Right: The Promise of Open Data,” Jamie Leach, Regional Director of FDATA Australia & New Zealand and Founder of Open Data Australia and Julie McKay, Former Chapter Lead of FDATA Australia & New Zealand and former head of data strategy at Equifax Australia, explore how the Australian Open Banking regime is expected to develop within the broader framework of the Consumer Data Right. Unlike several other open banking countries, Australia is pursuing a read-only way of sharing data that does not allow for payment execution unlike in the European Union, but is pursuing an economy-wide approach to data sharing, beginning with the banking sector, then rolling out to the energy and telecom sectors, prior to possible further extensions. Leach and McKay explain how Australia through its Consumer Data Right intends to ultimately build a national open data economy. The authors explore the origin of open data in Australia and its serious consideration of requiring data reciprocity. They map the process for finalizing details of the open data framework. They also describe how industry is changing in anticipation, including the voluntary uptake of open banking APIs, for instance, in the accounting and bookkeeping sectors. They describe some of the key implementation challenges, including international coordination and also touch on potential opportunities for the Australian economy.
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Singh, Indu, Janelle Guerrero, and Michael J. Simmonds. "Developing a National Registry for Hemochromatosis." In Improving Health Management through Clinical Decision Support Systems, 154–64. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9432-3.ch007.
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Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HH) is a disorder where iron and ferritin concentrations in a patient's blood are much higher than normal healthy levels. The main therapeutic intervention for individuals with HH is removing 300-500 mL of blood every few months to maintain ferritin concentration within acceptable ranges. The blood collected during these venesections is usually discarded as there is a belief that blood with high levels of ferritin are not suitable for blood transfusion purposes. Australian Red Cross Blood Services voluntarily collects blood from donors for subsequent use in blood transfusion. Annually more than 700 thousand units are transfused within Australia and there is a constant need for new donors given the significant imbalance between supply and demand of blood products. Besides red cell transfusions, the Red Cross also issues donor blood for development of many other blood products essential for patient health care. The HH blood can currently be used for other blood products if not for red cell transfusion. However, there is evidence to suggest that there is no significant difference between the red cells of the normal healthy population compared to those from HH patients. Australian Red Cross has developed a mobile computer application (High Ferritin “app”) as they have started collecting blood from HH patients. Though there is little or no awareness about the existence and use of this High Ferritin app in general HH population, their doctors and nurses collecting their blood for therapeutic purposes. This chapter describes possibility of saving and utilizing the blood collected from hemochromatosis patients for therapeutic purposes. A national hemochromatosis patients registry, in collaboration with High Ferritin app (HFa) developed by Australian Red Cross Blood Services, accessible to the patients, their doctors and Red Cross Blood Collection Sservices 24 hours a day anywhere in the country can allow the patients to donate the blood collected for therapeutic purposes at any affiliated blood collection center in the country after they automatically get a message either by email or text message after their blood results have been reviewed by their doctor and they are required to go for venesection.
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de Vries, Lis, Mohita Roman, and Linda Briskman. "Building strengths in asylum-seeker communities in Australia." In Community Organising Against Racism. Policy Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447333746.003.0015.
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For many years, the Australian Red Cross (Red Cross) has delivered high-quality, strengths-based individualised casework services. In the last few years, on-going consultation with asylum seekers and a rapidly growing number of clients drove Red Cross to consider a broader, more adaptive, and more inclusive community development model. Such a model would encourage resilience and self-reliance; would recognise the role of the community in supporting dignity, health, well-being, and social inclusion; and would bring clients in as their own experts. However, in determining this change, Red Cross was faced with the challenge of implementing a community development model in a large, formal organisation with a group often considered by the broader Australian community as ‘outsiders’, and without access to many mainstream services and opportunities. This chapter discusses how Red Cross adapted and changed the service delivery model from individual casework to a community development approach.
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Hobbins, Peter. "‘The Pneumonic Influenza Is Just Part of My Life’." In Pandemic Re-Awakenings, 199–214. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192843739.003.0012.
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In Australia, the ‘Spanish’ Flu pandemic was neither commemorated nor forgotten. In contrast with the nation’s shocking casualty rates during the First World War, mortality from the pandemic was much lower than elsewhere in the world. Across the country, few formal monuments mark either communal sacrifice or individual deaths due to ‘Spanish’ Flu. Even the preferred local moniker, ‘pneumonic influenza’, rarely features on gravestones. Yet the pandemic was never neglected by the medical profession, who continued to invoke 1918–19 as the ‘worst-case scenario’ for the impact of imported diseases. Moreover, despite the absence of public memorialisation, many community and family narratives of ‘Spanish’ Flu focused on a place-based ethics of care. In both urban and rural localities, these memories of the collective response overrode the pandemic’s traumatic impact. Often kept alive via regional repositories and personal stories, Australian community histories have emphasised fortitude, courage and charity, rather than loss or mourning. In encouraging the publication of these accounts, a 2018–19 programme fostered attempts to research and share the local impact of the pandemic in 1919. Arguing that the very ubiquity of experience obviated the need for formal commemorations, this chapter concludes that its Australian meanings remain focused on the intimate associations of family, neighbourhood and community. This project emphasises the importance of community historians as ‘partner practitioners’ in defining what is important for us to remember—and why.
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Madland, David. "Lessons from Canada, Britain, and Australia." In Re-Union, 86–108. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501755378.003.0005.
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This chapter reinforces the lessons from the preceding chapter by presenting case studies from Canada, Britain, and Australia — the three countries most similar to the United States. The case studies highlight the importance of broad-based bargaining and strong incentives for union membership. Canada has the kinds of traditional labor policies that most union supporters wish for in the United States, including stronger strike rights and no “right-to-work” laws, but unions in Canada continue to lose density, and workplace-level bargaining is not working very well there either. Both Britain and Australia are suffering the consequences of moving toward US-style law and dismantling their systems that promoted higher-level bargaining and robust union membership. Importantly, major elements of the left in all three countries have begun working to promote the kinds of changes called for in this book. Comparisons with countries similar to the United States reinforce the need for a new US labor system.
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Cook, Julia, Helen Cahill, and Dan Woodman. "Housing and Regional Rootedness: Home Ownership beyond the Metropolis." In Youth Beyond the City, edited by David Farrugia and Signe Ravn, 175–92. Policy Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529212044.003.0010.
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Housing affordability and declining rates of home ownership among members of the 25–34 age cohort are key concerns for Australian young adults. However, discussion has focused primarily on the challenges associated with urban housing markets, leaving young adults’ experiences of regional and rural housing markets comparatively under-addressed. This chapter focuses on this topic, presenting the findings of a discussion-based workshop conducted with 19 young adults living in a regional part of Tasmania, Australia. It illustrates the complex work that the participants performed in order to remain in a regional area with slim property and labour markets. Drawing on emerging research focusing on immobility and ‘rural stayers’ who remain in or return to rural and regional areas, this chapter contends that choosing to buy into a regional property market can be read as a key element of the complex ongoing mobility decision-making of young people living in regional and rural areas.
Conference papers on the topic "Red fox – Australia"
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I.V., Tkacheva, Rumyantseva E.V., and Oganisyan M.M. "TECHNOLOGIE FOR GROWING AUSTRALIAN RED-CLAWED CRAYFISH (CHERAX QUADRICARINATUS)." In II INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE "DEVELOPMENT AND MODERN PROBLEMS OF AQUACULTURE" ("AQUACULTURE 2022" CONFERENCE). DSTU-Print, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/aquaculture.2022.151-153.
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This article discusses the cultivation of Australian red-clawed crayfish, namely a costeffective and practical cultivation technology, its adaptability to this method of cultivation, as well as a brief description of the object.
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Charlton, T. R. "Mid-crustal detachment beneath southern Timor-Leste: seismic evidence for Australian basement in the Timor collision complex (and implications for prospectivity)." In Indonesian Petroleum Association 44th Annual Convention and Exhibition. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29118/ipa21-g-98.
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Seismic data originally acquired over SW Timor-Leste in 1994 shows two consistent seismic reflectors mappable across the study area. The shallower ‘red’ reflector (0.4-1s twt) deepens southward, although with a block-faulted morphology. The normal faults cutting the red marker tend to merge downward into the deeper ‘blue’ marker horizon (0.5-2.8s twt), which also deepens southward. Drilling intersections in the Matai petroleum exploration wells demonstrate that the red marker horizon corresponds to the top of metamorphic basement (Lolotoi Complex), while the blue marker horizon has the geometry of a mid-crustal extensional detachment. We see no indications for thrusting on the seismic sections below the red marker horizon, consistent with studies of the Lolotoi Complex at outcrop. However, surficial geology over much of the seismic survey area comprises a thin-skinned fold and thrust belt, established in 8 wells to overlie the Lolotoi Complex. We interpret the fold and thrust belt as the primary expression of Neogene arc-continent collisional orogeny, while the Lolotoi Complex represents Australian continental basement underthrust beneath the collision complex. In the seismic data the basal décollement to the thrust belt dips southward beneath the synorogenic Suai Basin on the south coast of Timor, and presumably continues southward beneath the offshore fold and thrust belt, linking into the northward-dipping décollement that emerges at the Timor Trough deformation front. The same seismic dataset has been interpreted by Bucknill et al. (2019) in terms of emplacement of an Asian allochthon on top of an imbricated Australian passive margin succession. These authors further interpreted a subthrust anticlinal exploration prospect beneath the allochthon, which Timor Resources plan to drill in 2021. This well (Lafaek) will have enormous significance not only commercially, but potentially also in resolving the long-standing allochthon controversy in Timor: i.e., does the Lolotoi Complex represent ‘Australian’ or ‘Asian’ basement?
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Lewi, Hanna, and Cameron Logan. "Campus Crisis: Materiality and the Institutional Identity of Australia’s Universities." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4019p8ixw.
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In the current century the extreme or ‘ultra’ position on the university campus has been to argue for its dissolution or abolition. University leaders and campus planners in Australia have mostly been unmoved by that position and ploughed on with expansive capital works campaigns and ambitious reformulations of existing campuses. The pandemic, however, provided ideal conditions for an unplanned but thoroughgoing experiment in operating universities without the need for a campus. Consequently, the extreme prospect of universities after the era of the modern campus now seems more likely than ever. In this paper we raise the question of the dematerialised or fully digital campus, by drawing attention to the traditional dependence of universities on material and architectural identities. We ask, what is the nature of that dependence? And consider how the current uncertainties about the status of buildings and grounds for tertiary education are driving new campus models. Using material monikers to categorise groups of universities is something of a commonplace. There is the American Ivy League, which refers to the ritualised planting of ivy at elite colleges in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The English have long referred to their “red brick” universities and to a later generation as the “plate glass” universities. In Australia, the older universities developed in the colonial era came to be known as the “sandstones” to distinguish them from the large group of new universities developed in the postwar decades. While some of the latter possess what are commonly called bush campuses. If nothing else, this tendency to categorise places of higher learning by planting and building materials indicates that the identity of institutions is bound up with their materiality. The paper is in two parts. It first sketches out the material history of the Australian university in the twentieth century, before examining an exemplary recent project that reflects some of the architectural and material uncertainties of the present moment in campus development. This prompts a series of reflections on the problem of institutional trust and brand value in a possible future without buildings.
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Honoré, Mathilde, Thibaut Lecompte, and Sylvie Pimbert. "Properties of <i>Phragmites australis</i> for Insulating Concrete Application." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.332.
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The common reed, Phragmites australis, is a plant species quite similar to the currently used bio-based aggregates and available on most continents. The purpose of this work is to characterise this common reed and compare its properties to other plants already studied for building use. This study presents the different properties focussing on Phragmites australis chemical composition, hydrophobicity nature and how this character could be explained. To that end, wettability and also water adsorption measurements were carried out on plant flour and aggregates in comparison to miscanthus, wood and hemp shiv properties. Formulations based on reeds of different origins and using different binders (lime and earth) were tested in compression and with thermal conductivity measurements in order to evaluate the behaviour of the reed as a material for building use.
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Ganzha, Dmytro, and Dmytro Ganzha. "Comparison of methods for assessing the effect of chronic radiation exposure on the veining of leaves of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud." In RAD Conference. RAD Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21175/rad.abstr.book.2021.32.18.
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Konstantinopoulou, Lina, Anthony Germanchev, Marko Ševrović, and James Bradford. "Assessing the Readiness of Infrastructure for Automated Vehicles from a Safety Perspective." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-acm-065.
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The Paper examines the "Roads that Cars can Read'' attributes for physical and digital infrastructure and develops the AD Star rating methodology by assessing the readiness of the infrastructure for AD vehicles from a safety perspective in 4 member states (SLAIN project). It also describes the Australian findings on Infrastructure Changes to Support Automated Vehicles on Rural and Metropolitan Highways and Freeways. The European Road Assessment Programme (EuroRAP) is an innovative programme of systematic risk assessment protocols which include among others the aiRAP and Autonomous Driving (AD) Star Rating. EuroRAP works on the European Commission funded CEF project SLAIN which is a 2-year project co-financed by the European Union under the Connecting Europe Facility. The project is set out in eight activities to support and encourage the proposed changes to Directive 2008/96/EC and Prepare for Automation. Among other activities, Activity 7 will perform a three-part study to demonstrate the readiness of Europe's physical infrastructure for automation. lt will include verifying several physical road attributes (relevant 52 attributes) including road marking and traffic signs and digital road attributes in 4 member states and it is going to develop the automatic coding methodology for the European network for network wide assessment and producing AI algorithms for identifying and combining datasets of vehicle sensors. The Australian case study: The method used for the Australian CAV readiness audit was documented in the Austroads Report (2019) [4]. The audit was conducted by the Australian Road Research Board using a survey vehicle fitted with a Mobileye camera that represents machine vision technology used in late model or near future market vehicles. This technology detects the road environment in real-time including speed signs, lines and objects. Mobileye is a global supplier of machine vision technology to automotive manufacturers, and the Mobileye technology is the foundation of more than 25 auto manufacturer's ADAS functionality and is representative of how today's vehicles read the road.
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Zhang, A., J. Trindall, and E. Hobman. "Collection of agricultural data and evaluation of their usefulness for farm management in Australian cropping and red meat industries." In 12th European Conference on Precision Agriculture. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-888-9_107.
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O'Hara, Lily, and Jane Taylo. "The Impact of the Red Lotus Critical Health Promotion Model on Graduates’ Health Promotion Practice." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0110.
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The Red Lotus Critical Health Promotion Model (RLCHPM) is used in health promotion teaching, research and practice in multiple countries. The model is designed to support critical health promotion as a public health practice, and responds to calls to move practice away from biomedical-behavioural approaches to health promotion. The RLCHPM includes of a system of values and principles for critical practice including health equity, holistic health paradigm, strengths-based salutogenic approaches, socioecological science, non-maleficence, and empowering engagement processes. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the RLCHPM on the practice of graduates from health promotion programs from a university in Australia. Methods: We conducted a mixed methods study involving an online survey of graduates from 2008 to 2016, followed by semi-structured interviews with a subset of self-nominated respondents. We used descriptive analyses for survey data and thematic analysis for interview data. Results: There was a total of 95 respondents (49% response rate) and 10 of these were interviewed. Participants felt knowledgeable about the model, and confident about their ability to use it. The model was understandable, easy to use, and important, relevant and useful in practice. More than half felt that the model had an impact on their health promotion practice, however less than a quarter felt that the model had an impact on institutional policies in their workplace. Interview data revealed the need for a step-by-step guide for implementing the model in multiple sectors, access to ongoing support for model implementation, and clearer links to other relevant models. Conclusions: The RLCHPM is well understood and considered to be important, relevant and useful to the practice of graduates. The study has implications for the use of the model in health promotion degree programs, and in professional development programs for health promotion practitioners.
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Cheng, Dah Yu, and Albert L. C. Nelson. "The Chronological Development of the Cheng Cycle Steam Injected Gas Turbine During the Past 25 Years." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30119.
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The Cheng Cycle gas turbine has enjoyed its 25th anniversary since its conception. More than 100 sites around the world including the United States, Japan, Australia, Italy, Germany, and the Netherlands have used the Cheng Cycle. A chronology will be presented in this paper which will highlight the steps taken to develop the fully automated, load following power and cogeneration system. The Cheng cycle operates with a steam to air ratio trajectory that has its highest “peak efficiency” at the onset of a turbine’s operation. The peak efficiency point was coined as the Cheng point by Dr. Urbach [ref.1] of the US Navy’s David Taylor Research Center. Many thermodynamic and professional textbooks refer to the original Dual Fluid Cycle as the Cheng Cycle. Besides the high efficiency feature, the Cheng Cycle is mechanically simple and flexible in operation. It can put power on line faster than a combined cycle, and it has extremely clean emissions at low cost. The future performance of the Advanced Cheng Cycle will also be projected.
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Napier-Raman, Sharanya, Michael O’Dwyer, Syeda Zakia Hossain, Mi-Joung Lee, Elias Mpofu, Tinashe Dune, and Pranee Liamputtong. "1920 Sexual and reproductive health and rights of Australian migrant and refugee youth." In Abstracts from the RCPCH and YPHSIG Adolescent Health conference: Re-coming of age. Re-calibrating and moving forward the global health agenda for young people. 9–10 November 2022, Birmingham. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2022-rcpch.51.
Full textReports on the topic "Red fox – Australia"
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Levin, Ilan, John Thomas, Moshe Lapidot, Desmond McGrath, and Denis Persley. Resistance to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in tomato: molecular mapping and introgression of resistance to Australian genotypes. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7613888.bard.
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Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is one of the most devastating viruses of cultivated tomatoes. Although first identified in the Mediterranean region, it is now distributed world-wide. Sequence analysis of the virus by the Australian group has shown that the virus is now present in Australia. Despite the importance of the disease and extensive research on the virus, very little is known about the resistance genes (loci) that determine host resistance and susceptibility to the virus. A symptom-less resistant line, TY-172, was developed at the Volcani Center which has shown the highest resistance level among all tested varieties. Preliminary results show that TY-172 is a good candidate to confer resistance to both TYLCV and to Tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) in Queensland conditions. Furthermore, Segregation analysis has previously indicated that the resistance is determined by 2-3 genes. In this proposal we aimed to substantiate that TY-172 can contribute to resistance breeding against TYLCV in Queensland, to develop DNA markers to advance such resistance breeding in both Israel and Queensland, and to exploit these markers for resistant breeding in Australian and Israeli lines. To map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling TYLCVresistance in TY172, appropriate segregating populations were analyzed using 69 polymorphic DNA markers spanning the entire tomato genome. Results show that TYLCV resistance in TY172 is controlled by a previously unknown major QTL, originating from the resistant line, and four additional minor QTLs. The major QTL, termed Ty-5, maps to chromosome 4 and accounts for 39.7-to-46.6% of the variation in symptom severity among segregating plants (LOD score: 33-to-35). The minor QTLs, originated either from the resistant or susceptible parents, were mapped to chromosomes 1, 7, 9 and 11, and contributed 12% to the variation in symptom severity in addition to Ty-5. Further analysis of parental lines as well as large F₁, BC₁F₁, F₂ and BC₁F₂ populations originating from crosses carried out, in reciprocal manner, between TY172 and the susceptible processing line M-82 (LA3475) during spring-summer 2010, indicated that: (1) the minor QTLs we have previously identified are in effect not reproducible, (2)Ty-5 alone can yield highly resistant plants with practically no extra-chromosomal effects, and (3) the narrow-sense heritability estimate of resistance levels, attributed to additive factors responsive to selection, does not significantly deviate from 1. All of these results point to Ty-5 as the sole resistance locus in TY172 thus significantly increasing the likelihood of its successful molecular dissection. The DNA markers developed during the course of this study were transferred together with the TY172 genotype to Queensland. TY172 was crossed to a panel of Australian genotypes and the resulting populations were subjected to segregation analysis. Results showed that resistant locus, Ty-5, is highly reproducible in the Australian conditions as well. The Australian group was also able to make improvements to the marker assays by re-designing primer pairs to provide more robust PCR fragments. The Ty-5 locus has now been introgressed into elite Australian germplasm and selection for TYLCV resistance has begun. Cumulatively, our results show that Ty-5 can be effectively used, together with the TY172 genotype to expedite TYLCV resistance breeding and improve our understanding of the genetics that underline the response of tomato to TYLCV. Contributions to agriculture include: (1) the development of tools for more efficient resistance breeding, allowing the incorporation of resistance to local tomato varieties in Australia, Israel and elsewhere; and (2) establish a solid framework for a future attempt to clone the genes that encode such resistance. The latter will enable to decipher the resistance mechanisms that could be applied to other geminiviruses in tomato and possibly in other plant species.
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Dassanayake, Wajira, Xiaoming Li, and Klaus Buhr. A Revisit of Price Discovery Dynamics Across Australia and New Zealand. Unitec ePress, August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/rsrp.039.
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This study re-investigates the price discovery dynamics of selected stocks cross-listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) and the New Zealand Stock Exchange (NZX) during a bear trading phase from January 2008 to December 2011. A differing price discovery dynamic in a bear market versus a bull market may occur because of variations in investor sentiments and disparities in the role of the stock prices. Using intraday data, we employ the vector error correction mechanism, Hasbrouck’s (1995) information share and Grammig et al.’s (2005) conditional information share methods. Consistent with previous research, we find that price discovery takes place mostly on the home market for the Australian firms and for all but one of the New Zealand firms. However, not seen in existing studies, we show that the NZX has grown in importance for both the Australian and New Zealand firms. This suggests that the NZX is deviating from being a pure satellite market.
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Dassanayake, Wajira, Xiaoming Li, and Klaus Buhr. A Revisit of Price Discovery Dynamics Across Australia and New Zealand. Unitec ePress, August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/rsrp.039.
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This study re-investigates the price discovery dynamics of selected stocks cross-listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) and the New Zealand Stock Exchange (NZX) during a bear trading phase from January 2008 to December 2011. A differing price discovery dynamic in a bear market versus a bull market may occur because of variations in investor sentiments and disparities in the role of the stock prices. Using intraday data, we employ the vector error correction mechanism, Hasbrouck’s (1995) information share and Grammig et al.’s (2005) conditional information share methods. Consistent with previous research, we find that price discovery takes place mostly on the home market for the Australian firms and for all but one of the New Zealand firms. However, not seen in existing studies, we show that the NZX has grown in importance for both the Australian and New Zealand firms. This suggests that the NZX is deviating from being a pure satellite market.
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Christensen, Timothy P. Supplemental Enviromnentul Assessment for Control of Common Reed (Phragmites australis) at Joint Base Langley-Eustis, Fort Eustis, Virginia. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada611307.
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Gattenhof, Sandra, Donna Hancox, Sasha Mackay, Kathryn Kelly, Te Oti Rakena, and Gabriela Baron. Valuing the Arts in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand. Queensland University of Technology, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.227800.
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The arts do not exist in vacuum and cannot be valued in abstract ways; their value is how they make people feel, what they can empower people to do and how they interact with place to create legacy. This research presents insights across Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand about the value of arts and culture that may be factored into whole of government decision making to enable creative, vibrant, liveable and inclusive communities and nations. The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed a great deal about our societies, our collective wellbeing, and how urgent the choices we make now are for our futures. There has been a great deal of discussion – formally and informally – about the value of the arts in our lives at this time. Rightly, it has been pointed out that during this profound disruption entertainment has been a lifeline for many, and this argument serves to re-enforce what the public (and governments) already know about audience behaviours and the economic value of the arts and entertainment sectors. Wesley Enoch stated in The Saturday Paper, “[m]etrics for success are already skewing from qualitative to quantitative. In coming years, this will continue unabated, with impact measured by numbers of eyeballs engaged in transitory exposure or mass distraction rather than deep connection, community development and risk” (2020, 7). This disconnect between the impact of arts and culture on individuals and communities, and what is measured, will continue without leadership from the sector that involves more diverse voices and perspectives. In undertaking this research for Australia Council for the Arts and Manatū Taonga Ministry for Culture & Heritage, New Zealand, the agreed aims of this research are expressed as: 1. Significantly advance the understanding and approaches to design, development and implementation of assessment frameworks to gauge the value and impact of arts engagement with a focus on redefining evaluative practices to determine wellbeing, public value and social inclusion resulting from arts engagement in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand. 2. Develop comprehensive, contemporary, rigorous new language frameworks to account for a multiplicity of understandings related to the value and impact of arts and culture across diverse communities. 3. Conduct sector analysis around understandings of markers of impact and value of arts engagement to identify success factors for broad government, policy, professional practitioner and community engagement. This research develops innovative conceptual understandings that can be used to assess the value and impact of arts and cultural engagement. The discussion shows how interaction with arts and culture creates, supports and extends factors such as public value, wellbeing, and social inclusion. The intersection of previously published research, and interviews with key informants including artists, peak arts organisations, gallery or museum staff, community cultural development organisations, funders and researchers, illuminates the differing perceptions about public value. The report proffers opportunities to develop a new discourse about what the arts contribute, how the contribution can be described, and what opportunities exist to assist the arts sector to communicate outcomes of arts engagement in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand.
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McIntyre, Phillip, Susan Kerrigan, and Marion McCutcheon. Australian Cultural and Creative Activity: A Population and Hotspot Analysis: Marrickville. Queensland University of Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.208593.
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Marrickville is located in the western heart of inner-city Sydney and is the beneficiary of the centrifugal process that has forced many creatives out of the inner city itself and further out into more affordable suburbs. This locality is built on the lands of the Eora nation. It is one of the most culturally diverse communities in the country but is slowly being gentrified creating tensions between its light industrial heart, its creative industry community and inner city developers. SME’s, co-working spaces and live music venues, are all in jeopardy as they occupy light-industrial warehouses which either have been re-zoned or are under threat of re-zoning. Its location underneath the flight path of major air traffic may indeed be a saving factor in its preservation as the creative industries operate across all major sectors here and the air traffic noise keeps land prices down. Despite these pressures the creative industries in Marrickville have experienced substantial growth since 2011, with the current CI intensity sitting at 9.2%. This is the only region in this study where the cultural production sector holds more than half the employment for specialists and support workers, when compared to creative services.
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Corriveau, L., J. F. Montreuil, O. Blein, E. Potter, M. Ansari, J. Craven, R. Enkin, et al. Metasomatic iron and alkali calcic (MIAC) system frameworks: a TGI-6 task force to help de-risk exploration for IOCG, IOA and affiliated primary critical metal deposits. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329093.
Full textAbstract:
Australia's and China's resources (e.g. Olympic Dam Cu-U-Au-Ag and Bayan Obo REE deposits) highlight how discovery and mining of iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG), iron oxide±apatite (IOA) and affiliated primary critical metal deposits in metasomatic iron and alkali-calcic (MIAC) mineral systems can secure a long-term supply of critical metals for Canada and its partners. In Canada, MIAC systems comprise a wide range of undeveloped primary critical metal deposits (e.g. NWT NICO Au-Co-Bi-Cu and Québec HREE-rich Josette deposits). Underexplored settings are parts of metallogenic belts that extend into Australia and the USA. Some settings, such as the Camsell River district explored by the Dene First Nations in the NWT, have infrastructures and 100s of km of historic drill cores. Yet vocabularies for mapping MIAC systems are scanty. Ability to identify metasomatic vectors to ore is fledging. Deposit models based on host rock types, structural controls or metal associations underpin the identification of MIAC-affinities, assessment of systems' full mineral potential and development of robust mineral exploration strategies. This workshop presentation reviews public geoscience research and tools developed by the Targeted Geoscience Initiative to establish the MIAC frameworks of prospective Canadian settings and global mining districts and help de-risk exploration for IOCG, IOA and affiliated primary critical metal deposits. The knowledge also supports fundamental research, environmental baseline assessment and societal decisions. It fulfills objectives of the Canadian Mineral and Metal Plan and the Critical Mineral Mapping Initiative among others. The GSC-led MIAC research team comprises members of the academic, private and public sectors from Canada, Australia, Europe, USA, China and Dene First Nations. The team's novel alteration mapping protocols, geological, mineralogical, geochemical and geophysical framework tools, and holistic mineral systems and petrophysics models mitigate and solve some of the exploration and geosciences challenges posed by the intricacies of MIAC systems. The group pioneers the use of discriminant alteration diagrams and barcodes, the assembly of a vocab for mapping and core logging, and the provision of field short courses, atlas, photo collections and system-scale field, geochemical, rock physical properties and geophysical datasets are in progress to synthesize shared signatures of Canadian settings and global MIAC mining districts. Research on a metamorphosed MIAC system and metamorphic phase equilibria modelling of alteration facies will provide a foundation for framework mapping and exploration of high-grade metamorphic terranes where surface and near surface resources are still to be discovered and mined as are those of non-metamorphosed MIAC systems.
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Boyle, Maxwell, and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Fort Pulaski National Monument: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2288716.
Full textAbstract:
The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and monitoring is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. 2019 marks the first year of conducting this monitoring effort on four SECN parks, including Fort Pulaski National Monument (FOPU). Twelve vegetation plots were established at Fort Pulaski National Monument in August. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Fort Pulaski National Monument in 2019. Data were stratified across two dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Tidal Wetlands and Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands). Noteworthy findings include: Sixty-six vascular plant taxa were observed across 12 vegetation plots, including six taxa not previously known from the park. Plots were located on both Cockspur and McQueen’s Island. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Tidal Wetlands: smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora), perennial saltmarsh aster(Symphyotrichum enuifolium), and groundsel tree (Baccharis halimifolia) Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: yaupon (Ilex vomitoria), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), and cabbage palmetto (Sabal palmetto). Four non-native species identified as invasive by the Georgia Exotic Pest Plant Council (GA-EPPC 2018) were found during this monitoring effort. These species (and their overall frequency of occurrence within all plots) included: Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica; 17%), bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum; 8%), Vasey’s grass (Paspalum urvillei; 8%), and European common reed (Phragmites australis; 8%). Two rare plants tracked by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources (GADNR 2013) were found during this monitoring effort. These include Florida wild privet (Forestiera segregata) and Bosc’s bluet (Oldenlandia boscii). Southern/eastern red cedar and cabbage palmetto were the most dominant species within the tree stratum of the maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat type. Species that dominated the sapling and seedling strata of this type included yaupon, cabbage palmetto, groundsel tree, and Carolina laurel cherry (Prunus caroliniana). The health status of sugarberry (Celtis laevigata)—a typical canopy species in maritime forests of the South Atlantic Coastal Plain--observed on park plots appeared to be in decline, with most stems experiencing elevated levels of dieback and low vigor. Over the past decade, this species has been experiencing unexplained high rates of dieback and mortality throughout its range in the Southeastern United States; current research is focusing on what may be causing these alarming die-off patterns. Duff and litter made up the majority of downed woody biomass (fuel loads) across FOPU vegetation plots.
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Boyle, Maxwell, and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Cape Hatteras National Seashore: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2290019.
Full textAbstract:
The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and monitoring is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. The first year of conducting this monitoring effort at four SECN parks, including 52 plots on Cape Hatteras National Seashore (CAHA), was 2019. Twelve vegetation plots were established at Cape Hatteras NS in July and August. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Cape Hatteras National Seashore in 2019. Data were stratified across four dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Tidal Wetlands, Maritime Nontidal Wetlands, Maritime Open Uplands, and Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands) and four land parcels (Bodie Island, Buxton, Hatteras Island, and Ocracoke Island). Noteworthy findings include: A total of 265 vascular plant taxa (species or lower) were observed across 52 vegetation plots, including 13 species not previously documented within the park. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Tidal Wetlands: saltmeadow cordgrass Spartina patens), swallow-wort (Pattalias palustre), and marsh fimbry (Fimbristylis castanea) Maritime Nontidal Wetlands: common wax-myrtle (Morella cerifera), saltmeadow cordgrass, eastern poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans var. radicans), and saw greenbriar (Smilax bona-nox) Maritime Open Uplands: sea oats (Uniola paniculata), dune camphorweed (Heterotheca subaxillaris), and seabeach evening-primrose (Oenothera humifusa) Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: : loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), common wax-myrtle, and live oak (Quercus virginiana). Five invasive species identified as either a Severe Threat (Rank 1) or Significant Threat (Rank 2) to native plants by the North Carolina Native Plant Society (Buchanan 2010) were found during this monitoring effort. These species (and their overall frequency of occurrence within all plots) included: alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides; 2%), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica; 10%), Japanese stilt-grass (Microstegium vimineum; 2%), European common reed (Phragmites australis; 8%), and common chickweed (Stellaria media; 2%). Eighteen rare species tracked by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (Robinson 2018) were found during this monitoring effort, including two species—cypress panicgrass (Dichanthelium caerulescens) and Gulf Coast spikerush (Eleocharis cellulosa)—listed as State Endangered by the Plant Conservation Program of the North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (NCPCP 2010). Southern/eastern red cedar was a dominant species within the tree stratum of both Maritime Nontidal Wetland and Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat types. Other dominant tree species within CAHA forests included loblolly pine, live oak, and Darlington oak (Quercus hemisphaerica). One hundred percent of the live swamp bay (Persea palustris) trees measured in these plots were experiencing declining vigor and observed with symptoms like those caused by laurel wilt......less
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Mueller, C., S. J. Piercey, M. G. Babechuk, and D. Copeland. Stratigraphy and lithogeochemistry of the Goldenville horizon and associated rocks, Baie Verte Peninsula, Newfoundland. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328990.
Full textAbstract:
The Goldenville horizon in the Baie Verte Peninsula is an important stratigraphic horizon that hosts primary (Cambrian to Ordovician) exhalative magnetite and pyrite and was a chemical trap for younger (Silurian to Devonian) orogenic gold mineralization. The horizon is overlain by basaltic flows and volcaniclastic rocks, is intercalated with variably coloured argillites and cherts, and underlain by mafic volcaniclastic rocks; the entire stratigraphy is cut by younger fine-grained mafic dykes and coarser gabbro. Lithogeochemical signatures of the Goldenville horizon allow it to be divided into high-Fe iron formation (HIF; &gt;50% Fe2O3), low-Fe iron formation (LIF; 15-50% Fe2O3), and argillite with iron minerals (AIF; &lt;15% Fe2O3). These variably Fe-rich rocks have Fe-Ti-Mn-Al systematics consistent with element derivation from varying mineral contributions from hydrothermal venting and ambient detrital sedimentation. Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS)-normalized rare earth element (REE) signatures for the HIF samples have negative Ce anomalies and patterns similar to modern hydrothermal sediment deposited under oxygenated ocean conditions. The PAAS-normalized REE signatures of LIF samples have positive Ce anomalies, similar to hydrothermal sediment deposited under anoxic to sub-oxic conditions. The paradoxical Ce behaviour is potentially explained by the Mn geochemistry of the LIF samples. The LIF have elevated MnO contents (2.0-7.5 weight %), suggesting that Mn from hydrothermal fluids was oxidized in an oxygenated water column during hydrothermal venting, Mn-oxides then scavenged Ce from seawater, and these Mn-oxides were subsequently deposited in the hydrothermal sediment. The Mn-rich LIF samples with positive Ce anomalies are intercalated with HIF with negative Ce anomalies, both regionally and on a metre scale within drill holes. Thus, the LIF positive Ce anomaly signature may record extended and particle-specific scavenging rather than sub-oxic/redox-stratified marine conditions. Collectively, results suggest that the Cambro-Ordovician Taconic seaway along the Laurentian margin may have been completely or near-completely oxygenated at the time of Goldenville horizon deposition.