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Journal articles on the topic 'Recycling (Waste, etc.)'
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1
Jin, Yanming, Zhuonan Li, Xinli Xiao, Conggan Ma, Min Liu, and Lingyu Chen. "Research on the evaluation method of the business model for the recycling of hazardous waste in power grid." Advances in Engineering Technology Research 1, no. 1 (May 17, 2022): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aetr.1.1.241.
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Hazardous wastes in power grids include waste transformer oil and waste lead-acid batteries, etc. Due to the problems of extremely large number of points, wide distribution, and small number of units, coupled with differences in hazardous waste recycling technologies, policies, and markets in various regions, so Possible business models need to be listed and evaluated. This paper establishes an evaluation index system for the business model of hazardous waste recycling, and uses the TOPSIS method to evaluate five feasible business models. The evaluation results will help relevant departments of power grid companies at all levels to formulate recycling strategies according to the characteristics of hazardous waste recycling, so as to facilitate the recycling and reuse of hazardous wastes.
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Zia, Umer, Hira Iram, Hafiz Zeshan Haider, Faiza Ameen, Maria Abrar, and Muhammad Atif. "Review—Biowaste as a Source of Conductive Carbon." ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 11, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 021001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2162-8777/ac4edb.
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Recycling trend has transformed the prerequisites of our cravings. Makeover of waste material into useful goods has become inevitable. Bio waste shares a major portion of waste materials, hence pursued for recycling. Activated carbon from bio waste has been reported remarkable in electrochemical performance (capacitance, charge density, charge-discharge ratio etc.). This survey of data has been compiled for different bio wastes as a source of activated carbons with conductive behavior.
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Štreimikienė, Dalia. "Waste management in Baltic States: Comparative assessment." JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES 16, no. 4 (December 2023): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2023/16-4/3.
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In EU waste management policy the waste avoidance and reuse are under the highest priority and the recycling takes the third place while recovery and disposal are the least favourable options. The EU member states have to implement strict waste management policies based on this approach however though all countries have to prepare and implement waste management plants, their have achieved different results in waste management. The article aims to analyse the selected waste management indicators covering all stages of various wastes management ranging from prevention to recycling etc. available at Eurostat database and to present empirical comparative case study on waste management for Baltic. The different Multi Criteria Decision Making models were applied for comparing and ranking Baltic States based on their achievements in waste management in 2020. The case study revealed that the best performing country in waste management among Baltic States was Lithuania having the best indicators of waste generation per GDP and recycling rates of municipal waste and plastic packaging waste. Estonia was lowest ranked country according waste management due to very high overall total generated waste per capita and packaging and plastic waste per capita etc.
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Rovin, S. L., A. S. Kalinichenko, and L. E. Rovin. "The return of the dispersed metal waste into production." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 1 (April 10, 2019): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2019-1-45-48.
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The article presents an alternative method of recycling of dispersed metal waste, based on a continuous solid-liquid-phase process, implemented in rotary tilting furnaces (RTF). The new proposed method of recycling allows processing wastes with almost any composition and state from metal to oxide and multicomponent wastes (shavings, fine scrap, mill scale, aspiration dust, sludge, etc.). The wastes can be even contaminated with moisture, oil, and organic impurities. The method developed does not require preliminary preparation of the initial materials (cleaning, homogenization, pelletizing, etc.). The finished products are ingots (pigs) for subsequent processing aiming the particular chemical composition or cast alloys of certain brend.
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Nhu, Dung Kim Thi, Duoc Van Tran, Thuat Tien Phung, and Toi Trung Tran. "An overview of recycling methods from composite wastes." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 62, no. 3b (July 20, 2021): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2021.62(3b).08.
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In the era of industrialization and modernization, pollution caused by industrial wastes has become one of the biggest challenges most countries are facing. Wastes such as plastics, ceramics, paper, metals, composite, etc. are the predominant detriments to the environment. Although composite materials account for just a small proportion in the waste stream, they are difficult to process and possess a great number of potential risks to the environment. At the same time, recycling and recovering composite waste materials are more challenging than other easy-to-handle waste materials. This paper will first present an overview of the methods used to recycle composite wastes, then it will further orientate recycling technologies suitable for Vietnam.
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Wu, Yong Chun, and Lian Feng Xu. "Analysis of the Barrier Factors of Municipal Solid Waste Classification Recycling." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 2618–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.2618.
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Many cities in China are facing a "junk siege" dilemma, municipal solid waste classified recycling is one of the effective disposal methods of garbage scientific management, and is also the best way to waste reduction, recycling and harmless, However our municipal solid waste classification recycling remain stagnant, This paper argues that it is because of many obstacles that municipal solid waste classification recycling face makes municipal solid waste classification recycling have little effect, which include public awareness needs to be improved, the limitations of traditional garbage classification, lack of corresponding laws and regulations, garbage recycling facilities not complete and the corresponding theoretical issues remain to be explored etc.
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Grigorieva, Larisa, and Pavel Oleinik. "Recycling Waste Wood of Construction." Materials Science Forum 871 (September 2016): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.871.126.
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The article considers contemporary methods and especially recycling of wood waste. The volume of wood waste is constantly growing due to the increase in the number of buildings subject to demolition or dismantling, reconstruction and repair works. The article contains the main requirements to the raw material derived from waste. Advantages of products made from wood-polymer composite materials on physic mechanical parameters. The comparative characteristic of cost for the production of wood-polymer plastic. It is noted that production made from wood polymer composite materials has unlimited product range, including boards, various profiled molded and moulded details with complicated shape (the board for the floor, skirting board, baguette, etc).
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Mishra, Srabani, Sandeep Panda, Ata Akcil, Seydou Dembele, and Ismail Agcasulu. "A Review on Chemical versus Microbial Leaching of Electronic Wastes with Emphasis on Base Metals Dissolution." Minerals 11, no. 11 (November 11, 2021): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11111255.
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There is a growing interest in electronic wastes (e-wastes) recycling for metal recovery because the fast depletion of worldwide reserves for primary resources is gradually becoming a matter of concern. E-wastes contain metals with a concentration higher than that present in the primary ores, which renders them as an apt resource for metal recovery. Owing to such aspects, research is progressing well to address several issues related to e-waste recycling for metal recovery through both chemical and biological routes. Base metals, for example, Cu, Ni, Zn, Al, etc., can be easily leached out through the typical chemical (with higher kinetics) and microbial (with eco-friendly benefits) routes under ambient temperature conditions in contrast to other metals. This feature makes them the most suitable candidates to be targeted primarily for metal leaching from these waste streams. Hence, the current piece of review aims at providing updated information pertinent to e-waste recycling through chemical and microbial treatment methods. Individual process routes are compared and reviewed with focus on non-ferrous metal leaching (with particular emphasis on base metals dissolution) from some selected e-waste streams. Future outlooks are discussed on the suitability of these two important extractive metallurgical routes for e-waste recycling at a scale-up level along with concluding remarks.
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Baba Srinivas, Adhikarla, Santosh Kumar Sar, Shweta Singh, and Santosh Yadav. "Solid Waste management from Steel Melting Shop." Journal of Applied and Advanced Research 2, no. 1 (March 21, 2017): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2017.v2i1.55.
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- Production of steel in steel Industry is accomplice for the generation of solid waste materials like sludge, slag, dust etc. In recent days most part of wastes are generated from steelmaking process which is a focus point now-a-days. The solid waste generation, presently in Indian steel industry is in the range of 400 - 500 kg/t of crude steel and recycling rate varies between 40 - 70 % which lead to higher production costs, lower productivity and further environmental degradation. It is very essential not only for recycling of the waste valuable metals and mineral resources but also to protect the environment. I Solid waste management in steel industry is broadly classified in “4 R” i.e. reduce, reuse, recycle and restore the materials. The aim of the paper is to explore the various developments for total recycling of solid waste generated from steel industry, so that the vision for making “clean & green steel with zero waste” can be achieved for survival and growth of steel business in future. Keywords—Steel, Reuse, recycle, solid waste, sustainable development.
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Khan, MN Hasan. "Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Mymensingh City towards Sustainable and Profitable Waste Management." Journal of Science and Technology Research 3, no. 1 (November 30, 2022): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jscitr.v3i1.62805.
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Waste generation is increasing with the increasing of population at Mymensingh city but the waste management practice of the Mymensingh city corporation is not well established. The present study was conducted to find out profitable opportunities for municipal solid waste (MSW) management of Mymensingh city. Both primary and secondary sources were used to collect data as fulfillment of the study. Twenty two different locations of 5 wards in the city were visited for collecting these data. In the city estimated amount of waste produce 150 tons/day where 40-50% biodegradable and 15-25% recyclable paper, plastic, glass, metal etc. Currently waste is not being collecting and disposing scientifically due to unavailability of facilities, thus creating environmental pollution as well as unable to earn profit. Resource recovery and recycling could be a good option to reduce waste and earn profit from recyclable materials such as plastic, paper, metal etc. Besides this composting could be useful to produce bio fertilizer and bio gas from biodegradable wastes. By selling bio-fertilizer and biogas city could also earn profit. Integrated waste management combination with reduce, recovery, recycling and composting would be better solution for managing waste in the city. J. of Sci. and Tech. Res. 3(1): 41-48, 2021
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Samir, Mourad, Faruz Alama, Paul Buysse, Tomas van Nylen, and Oleg Ostanin. "Disposal of Mining Waste: Classification and International Recycling Experience." E3S Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 02012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184102012.
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The main directions of mining and industrial wastes’ utilization are the production of building materials, their use in the construction industry without additional processing, and also the production of metals from metal-containing raw materials. It should be noted that current waste is preferable for the production of building materials, since they preserve the primary physical and mechanical properties and chemical composition and, moreover, can reach the consumer bypassing all other steps that are mandatory for waste consolidated (transportation, storage, etc.). For the production of building materials, not less than 30% of overburden and refinement tailings are suitable, almost all metallurgical and fuel slags, waste products of fertilizers and building materials. Even larger amounts of waste can be used for various laying and burial works (construction of road bases and dams, filling of worked out areas, leveling of the relief).
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Galkina, Elena, Aleksandr Terehov, Egor Nikitin, Daria Zhelnina, and Alexandra Zachinyaeva. "Solutions to minimise waste formation at machine-building enterprises." BIO Web of Conferences 84 (2024): 05015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248405015.
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The world is striving to create a cyclical economy, which implies multiple use of production waste. In this regard, the problem of waste production, generation and recycling requires an effective solution. Unfortunately, the average level of waste recycling in Russia is about 52%. To improve this indicator, it is necessary to introduce the principles of resource saving into production, to use the most efficient technologies of waste recycling, to apply the principles of eco-design in the development of new products, etc. One of the large-scale types of waste generated at machine-building enterprises can be metal chips contaminated with oil products. The article considers the methods of chip recycling used at machine-building enterprises and chooses the method that allows to improve the quality of remelted metal and reduce environmental pollution.
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Bhat, Sartaj Ahmad, Jaswinder Singh, and Adarsh Pal Vig. "Management of Sugar Industrial Wastes through Vermitechnology." International Letters of Natural Sciences 55 (June 2016): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.55.35.
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The present paper discusses the role of earthworms in recycling of sugar industrial wastes. The wastes generated from sugar industry are pressmud, bagasse, bagasse fly ash, sugar cane trash, sugar beet mud, sugar beet pulp, molasses etc. These wastes when mixed with other organic substrates become ideal mixtures for growth of earthworms. These wastes if stored in open field’s causes contamination in the environment and may cause several diseases in public health. But the governments have been unable to tackle the menace of solid waste pollution due to dearth of appropriate technologies, finance and space. Therefore, environment friendly and cost effective technologies for nutrient recycling or remediation of wastes are being advocated as an alternative means for conserving and replenishing natural resources of the ecosystems. Vermicomposting is one such technology that synergises microbial degradation with earthworm’s activity for reducing, reusing and recycling waste materials in a shorter span of time. Earthworm technology can convert sugar industrial wastes into valuable fertilizing material. The final product (vermicompost) produced during the process of vermicomposting is nutrient rich organic fertilizer with plant available nutrients such as nitrogen, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. In the present study an attempt has been made to document the role of earthworms in reuse of sugar industry waste.
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Bhat, Sartaj Ahmad, Jaswinder Singh, and Adarsh Pal Vig. "Management of Sugar Industrial Wastes through Vermitechnology." International Letters of Natural Sciences 55 (June 3, 2016): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-jh3zmh.
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The present paper discusses the role of earthworms in recycling of sugar industrial wastes. The wastes generated from sugar industry are pressmud, bagasse, bagasse fly ash, sugar cane trash, sugar beet mud, sugar beet pulp, molasses etc. These wastes when mixed with other organic substrates become ideal mixtures for growth of earthworms. These wastes if stored in open field’s causes contamination in the environment and may cause several diseases in public health. But the governments have been unable to tackle the menace of solid waste pollution due to dearth of appropriate technologies, finance and space. Therefore, environment friendly and cost effective technologies for nutrient recycling or remediation of wastes are being advocated as an alternative means for conserving and replenishing natural resources of the ecosystems. Vermicomposting is one such technology that synergises microbial degradation with earthworm’s activity for reducing, reusing and recycling waste materials in a shorter span of time. Earthworm technology can convert sugar industrial wastes into valuable fertilizing material. The final product (vermicompost) produced during the process of vermicomposting is nutrient rich organic fertilizer with plant available nutrients such as nitrogen, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. In the present study an attempt has been made to document the role of earthworms in reuse of sugar industry waste.
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Shrivastava, Harsh, and Vivek Parashar. "E-Waste Causes and Management Using BASEL Convention." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2015): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.030102.
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"E-waste" is a popular, informal name for electronic products nearing the end of their "useful life. “Electronic waste" may be defined as discarded computers, office electronic equipment, entertainment device electronics, mobile phones, television sets, and refrigerators. "E-wastes are considered dangerous; ascertain components of some electronic products contain materials that are hazardous, depending on their condition and density. This includes used electronics which are destined for reuse, resale, salvage, recycling, or disposal. Others are re-usable (working and repairable electronics) and secondary scrap (copper, steel, plastic, etc.) to be "commodities", and reserve the term "waste" for residue or material which is dumped by the buyer rather than recycled, including residue from reuse and recycling operations. Many of these products can be reused, refurbished, or recycled in an environmentally sound manner so that they are less harmful to the ecosystem. This paper highlights the hazards of e-wastes, the need for its appropriate management and options that can be implemented.
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Prifti, H., and Tania Floqi. "Solid Waste Management Aiming Biogas Production In Albania." Ingenious 1, no. 1 (2021): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.58944/pnyn2359.
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One of the main environmental problems in Albania is the continuously increasing generation of municipal solid waste. In many countries, sustainable waste management as well as waste prevention and reduction, have become major priority. Uncontrolled waste dumping (on the roads, river sides, etc.) in our country is no longer acceptable. Controlled landfill disposal and incineration of wastes are not considered optimal practices, as energy recovery and recycling of nutrients and organic matter is aimed. Continuously efforts have been done for the improvement of this critical situation such as approval of laws, decisions, regulations etc., according to the National Strategy on Integrated Waste Management (2018-2030) and EU Directives 2008/98/EC on waste and repealing certain Directives. In this paper are presented the characteristics of a wide range of urban solid waste, industrial solid waste and composition of the waste i.e. waste stream. As organic waste component represents the highest percentage (41% – 66%) at the waste composition should be used for biological treatment and for biogas production.
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Tran, Toi Trung, Chinh Thi Vu, and Nhung Thi Pham. "Technologies for metal recycling from electrical - electronic wastes." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 62, no. 3b (July 20, 2021): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2021.62(3b).07.
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Wastes from electrical - electronic equipment (WEEE) are of huge concerns worldwide. With the decreasing life cycle of most electrical - electronic equipment (EEE), the WEEE growth rate is fast, about 3÷5% annually. This is considered as the fastest growing waste stream among municipal wastes. WEEE contains, in addition to plastic, glass etc., high contents of base metals and precious metals. They are regarded as potential secondary resources of metals in addition to primary resources of metals from metallic ores. Over the past decades, many metal recycling technologies from WEEE have been developed including physical separation processes and chemical extraction processes. This article summarizes the characteristics, recycling principles, separation processes and optimal operating conditions of the world's most currently common technologies for metal recycling from WEEE. So that one can derive new directions for metal recycling from electrical - electronic wastes in the Vietnam case.
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Blinová, Lenka, and Peter Godovčin. "Importance of Recycling the Waste-Cables Containing Copper and PVC." Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology 29, no. 48 (June 1, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rput-2021-0001.
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Abstract Urbanization, development of economy, increasing population and improved living standards and lifestyle have caused a sharp growth in waste. Inappropriate or inefficient waste disposal techniques can cause serious air, soil, and groundwater pollution, which subsequently can negatively affect the urban environment and threaten the health of residents. The goal of waste management is to move to a circular economy in which waste does not exist. If there is no possible way to reduce or reuse waste, the best solution is recycling it. Recycling brings abundant benefits on the economic and ecological levels levels, and helps reduce overall human health risk of adverse impacts. Recycling of the waste-cables which contain PVC and copper replaces the production of virgin PVC and mining of copper from copper ore, it reduces landfill solid waste pressures, saves energy and water sources, reduces emissions to environment, and also reduces negative impacts from improperly dispose of waste, etc. This paper presents an overview of recycling techniques for the waste-cables containing copper as a core and polyvinyl chloride as an insulating layer or sheath. It also lists advantages and disadvantages of these techniques and importance of recycling this type of waste.
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Liu, Jia You. "Waste Heat Utility Technology in Coal Mine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 2723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.2723.
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Coal mine drainage, exhaust air and bathing wastewater, etc. contain a large amount of waste heat resource. Using the waste heat effectively is beneficial to achieve energy conservation and emissions reduction and improve economic benefit for coal mine. Heat pump and heat pipe are thermal devices recycling waste heat effectively. The ways and purpose of recycling waste heat in coal mine by using water-source heat pump, air-source heat pump and heat pipe exchanger is given. The performance of heat pump and heat pipe is briefly evaluated.
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Barati, Saeideh. "Applications of agricultural waste in food industry." Journal of Biological Studies 6, no. 1 (May 10, 2023): 178–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.62400/jbs.v6i1.7779.
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Agricultural wastes are by-product outputs of production and processing of agricultural products that contain bioactive compounds, which have many benefits on human health. Agricultural wastes produced from various sources such as cultivation, livestock, industrial means, and etc are great concern because of the problems of environmental pollution, recycling and utilization. Therefore, application of agricultural wastes in any other environmentally friendly way like compost production by fermenting the agricultural, animal feed production, food production and energy production (bio gas) is suggested. It can be concluded that recycling agricultural wastes is important and necessary for environment and economical saving. This recycling of agriculture wastes enhance agricultural and food production along with improve their quality.
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Girich, Maria G., and Antonina D. Levashenko. "SEPARATE AND DOMINATE: HIDDEN POTENTIAL OF WASTE MARKET IN RUSSIA AND IN THE WORLD." International Trade and Trade Policy, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2410-7395-2019-1-72-84.
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The waste market is a large segment of international trade, which allows earning on the recyclable treatment materials and the waste trade. The separate waste collection allows obtaining a better quality of recyclable materials, which can be processed without additional sorting. Toda, measures for infrastructure development for separate collection, recycling, and incineration of solid municipal waste are established as part of the Strategy of solid municipal waste management in theRussian Federation. At the same time, disposal is the primary method of waste management. As a result, there is a problem of development of separate waste collection system which is aimed at reducing the use of a non-eco-friendly and desirable method of waste management – disposal. OECD proposes many standards for separate waste collection are possible, including integration of waste management hierarchy, development of extended producer responsibility practices, stimulation and training of population in a separate waste collection, etc. These measures allowed OECD countries, for example,Germany,Sweden,Austriato become world leaders in the field of waste treatment. These countries improve the quality of the environment, earn through recycling, resale of garbage, saving the money by re-using of useful components contained in the wastes.
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Khalid, Ibrahim, Sadiq Ullah, and Iqbal Saeed Umar. "The problem of solid waste: origins, composition, disposal, recycling, and reusing." International Journal of Advanced Science and Computer Applications 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47679/ijasca.v1i1.6.
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Solid waste disposal is a major challenge in many industrialized and developing nations, both in metropolitan regions as well as rural ones. The collection and disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) is a serious issue facing metropolitan areas in many nations today. An effective MSW management strategy must satisfy all of these criteria: financial viability; technical feasibility; social and legal acceptability; and ecological friendliness. Small and large cities alike have a major difficulty in dealing with solid waste management.
One of the current study topics is the valuation of food organic waste. Existing waste disposal methods include the typical landfill, incineration, composting, and other methods of handling solid waste. Composting and anaerobic digestion have traditionally been the most widely employed methods for the treatment and exploitation of the organic part of MSW (AD). The amount of organic solid waste (OSW) being generated globally is rising at an astronomical rate. Agricultural waste, domestic food waste, human and animal wastes, etc. comprise the majority of OSW. They're often used as animal feed, disposed of in landfills, or burnt. OAWs are made up of protein-, mineral-, and sugar-rich components that may be employed as substrates or raw materials in other processes.
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Shareefdeen, Zarook, and Aya Tarek ElGazar. "Management of Plastic Wastes through Recent Advanced Pyrolysis Processes." Applied Sciences 14, no. 14 (July 15, 2024): 6156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14146156.
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Plastics are predominant in numerous sectors like packaging, agriculture, hardware, electronics, and many others. Annual plastic demand has been rapidly growing in the last few decades because of the increasing dependency on plastics. As a consequence, massive amounts of plastic waste are being generated every year. These plastic wastes are non-biodegradable, and hence their disposal poses a serious threat to the ecosystem and causes significant environmental problems such as endangering the safety of marine life, wildlife, air, water, and soil, etc. A large portion of plastic waste ends up in landfills, and only a small fraction is recycled. The continuous dependence on landfills as the main disposal method for plastic waste is costly and ineffective. Common solutions to plastic waste management are incineration and recycling; however, incineration emits harmful pollutants and greenhouse gases that contribute to ozone layer depletion and global warming; moreover, recycling is expensive and inefficient. As an alternative to recycling and incineration, the pyrolysis process can convert plastic wastes into more valuable fuel products. Pyrolysis is a thermal process that converts raw material into pyrolysis liquid, solid wax, and non-condensable gases in the absence of oxygen. This process is attractive because it is economical and energy-efficient, and it can be used to convert various types of plastic waste into valuable products. In recent years, there have been significant developments in pyrolysis applications in liquid fuel production from plastic wastes. This work reviews recent advances in and challenges for the pyrolysis process for converting plastic wastes into a valuable alternative fuel, focusing on studies of advanced pyrolysis processes published over the last five years. The paper also highlights the numerical modeling of pyrolysis of plastic wastes and the potential impact of pyrolysis on the future of sustainable waste-management practices of plastics.
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Khaertdinova, Alfira, Dilbar Sultanova, and Albert Karimov. "European waste management experience: yesterday, today, tomorrow." E3S Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124701008.
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The article presents an economic analysis of the state of municipal waste generation, utilization and recycling in the countries of the European Union and the Russian Federation. As a basis for the analysis, we used data on the 20 most representative countries that make a significant contribution to the formation of the main macroeconomic indicators of the EU. The results of the implementation of the EU environmental policy, the degree of reflection on the volume of trade in secondary raw materials, private investment in this sector, employment in the processing and recycling sectors, etc. are considered. In addition, a correlation analysis was carried out, which allowed us to determine the degree of dependence of waste disposal and recycling on various indicators, to identify the most significant of them and the main factor affecting the effectiveness of the country’s environmental policy.
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Zhou, Gui Zhong, Zhao Feng Wang, Xuan Wang, and Shao Xiang Li. "Recycling of Waste Hard Alloy via Electrochemical Dissolution Method." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 2263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.2263.
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Electrochemical dissolution method was used to achieve the recycling of waste hard alloy. Tungsten, cobalt powder and cobalt salts can be obtained through the control of suitable conditions of electric dissolution process ,such as cleaning of waste hard alloy, electric dissolution of waste hard alloy, knocking the basket, treatment of cobalt chloride etc. Tungsten and cobalt chloride solution can be obtained directly by this method, and thus to obtain the cobalt powder and cobalt salts. Recovery rate of WC and cobalt were above 98% and 92-95%.
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Li, Xiao Peng, Yun Song, and Wei Wang. "Research on Evaluation Index System of Non-Metallic Materials Recycling Technologies from Copper Clad Laminate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 768 (June 2015): 627–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.768.627.
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The Copper Clad Laminate (CCL) residue recycling technologies are important to improve the recycling of waste circuit boards and reducing the environmental impact during its life cycle. However, there has not yet been able to have the technical evaluation criteria for CCL residue. This study demonstrates the feasibility of one recycling technology from the technical, economic, social, environmental and political, and then determinates CCL residue recycling technologies evaluation index system by Delphi Method, AHP, expert panel and Questionnaire and etc., which provides a tool for CCL residue recycling technologies assessment.
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Meena, Jagram. "A Brief Study on Recycling of Waste Paper." Journal of Advance Research in Applied Science (ISSN: 2208-2352) 2, no. 3 (March 31, 2015): 01–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnas.v2i3.681.
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Energy harvesting also known as power harvesting or energy scavenging is the process by which energy is derived from external sources solar power, thermal energy, wind energy, salinity gradients, and kinetic energy, captured, and stored for small, wireless autonomous devices, like those used in wearable electronics and wireless sensor. Energy harvesters provide very small low-energy electronics. While the input fuel to some large-scale generation costs money (oil, coal, etc.), the energy source for energy harvesters is present as ambient background and is free. For example, temperature gradients exist from the operation of a combustion engine and in urban areas, there is a large amount of electromagnetic energy in the environment because of radio and television broadcasting
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Gund, Pruthviraj, Sandesh Sanjay Pawar, Anil Laxman Patil, and Shubham Premnath Sakpal. "EcoBrick: A Waste Plastic Used As Construction Material." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (May 31, 2023): 2216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.51965.
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Abstract: In this project we try to overcome the problem associated with plastic waste. In India huge amount of plastics are used for various purposes such as for making of water bottle, soda bottles & bag etc. which are not disposable. Because of these various problems occurs so we use waste plastic bottles for making of bricks by the various ways which are discussed below. After studying the problem we developed the effective way to overcome this problem. Bottle brick are light in weight and withstand high amount of load or pressure. Eco-bricks, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles filled with mixed inorganic waste, have become a low cost construction material and a valid recycling method to reduce waste disposal in regions where industrial recycling is not yet available. Because Eco-bricks are filled with mixed recovered materials, potential recycling of its constituents is difficult at the end of its life.
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Bawane, Prof S. G., Archies Shambharkar, and Mukesh Sonwane. "Design and Fabrication of Plastic Cleaning and Drying Machine for Eco-Bricks." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 3 (March 31, 2023): 1871–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.49643.
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Abstract: In this project we try to overcome the problem associated with plastic waste. In India huge number of plastics are used for various purposes such as for making of water bottle, soda bottle & bag, etc. which are not disposable. Because of these various problems occurs below. After studying the problem, we developed the effective way to overcome this problem. Bottle brick are light in weight and withstand high amount of load or pressure. Eco-bricks, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles filled with mixed inorganic waste, have become a low-cost construction material and a valid recycling method to reduce waste disposal in regions where industrial recycling is not yet available. Because Eco-bricks are filled with mixed recovered materials, potential recycling of its constituents is difficult at the end of its life
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Wu, Jiang-Ping, Ling Mo, Hui Zhi, Ying Peng, Lin Tao, Zi-He Ren, Xiao-Jun Luo, and Bi-Xian Mai. "Hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O -deethylase induction in the common kingfisher from an electronic waste recycling site." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 35, no. 6 (March 22, 2016): 1594–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.3294.
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Yang, Li, Xiang Zhang, Shubin Yan, and Yunxia Luo. "Research on the Resource Treatment and Comprehensive Utilization of Carbon Containing Wastes Using Pyrolysis–Gasification Two-Stage Recycling." Processes 12, no. 2 (February 9, 2024): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12020361.
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Carbon containing waste has a certain calorific value and utilization value due to the presence of carbon elements. However, the current treatment methods are mostly traditional landfill disposal, incineration, or expensive physical and chemical reaction methods, which clearly do not comply with the rules of the current clean and resource-saving society. In this paper, a new technology and system for carbon containing wastes is proposed, which comprehensively treats and recycles carbon containing wastes, including solid waste, wastewater, waste gas, etc., using pyrolysis–gasification two-stage-cycle technology. The calculation results indicate that the technical scheme proposed in this article is feasible and can achieve the recycling of intermediate and final products, the efficient and clean utilization of carbon containing waste, and the graded utilization of energy. The clean utilization rate of carbon containing waste can be effectively improved, the energy consumption and cost of separate treatments can be reduced, and zero waste emissions can be completely achieved by the comprehensive pyrolysis–gasification two-stage-cycle treatment and resource utilization technology, which is one of the preferred solutions for future resource-saving societies.
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Kirmani,, Mr Faheemul Islam. "USE OF PET (POLY ETHYLENE TERAPHTALATE) IN BITUMINOUS PAVEMENT." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 05 (May 27, 2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem34926.
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Over the years, plastics have become the preferred packaging material by virtue of their superiority over other conventional materials. With the increasing use ofplastic as packaging material, post- consumer plastic wastes became an increasingly serious environmental issue.So,there is an immediate need for adoption of environment friendly technologies such as economic recycling, development of biodegradable plastics, conversion of plastic wastes into value added products and fuel, use of plastic wastes for road construction, recycling of PET bottles into fibers or bottle to bottle technologies etc. In this paper, an attempt was made to summarise the present scenario of plastics waste management vis-à-vis various disposal techniques, which need to be expeditiously taken-up with an eye oninnovative solutions. Keywords: - Poly Ethylene Teraphthalate, Flow, Plastics, stability, tensile strength
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Rajan, Krishna, Aravinthan Gopanna, and Selvin Thomas. "A Project Based Learning (PBL) Approach Involving PET Recycling in Chemical Engineering Education." Recycling 4, no. 1 (January 27, 2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling4010010.
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The recycling of waste plastics is considered as one of the strategies to tackle the issue of environmental pollution caused by commodity plastics all over the world. Recently, many universities have incorporated topics related to recycling and plastics waste management into their curricula at different levels to increase awareness as well as to develop new recycling technologies. In this study, one of the most important waste recycling problems is given as the project for the undergraduate students of chemical engineering to analyze the effectiveness of the project-based learning (PBL) approach in the school curriculum. A team of students was assigned with the task of recycling post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles through an experimental and design approach. From the experimental data, students designed a recycling plant with a proposed capacity to produce 1 ton of recycled granules per day through the project-based learning approach. Evaluation of the project was carried out at various stages and it was found that the students acquired the required skills and applied them effectively. The outcomes of the present study clearly establish that the problems which have societal impacts, such as waste management, environmental pollution, etc., can be effectively communicated to the student community through the PBL approach, which can lead to increased motivation and enhanced critical thinking abilities.
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Hudym, Milena, Hanna Kononenko, and Yuriy Izbash. "Current state, issues and perspectives of construction waste recycling in Ukraine." International Science Journal of Engineering & Agriculture 1, no. 5 (December 1, 2022): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.46299/j.isjea.20220105.08.
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The article analyzes the problem of construction and demolition waste disposal in Ukraine, which is especially relevant due to the increasing number of housing renovation projects and the intensification of national construction projects. Construction waste accounts for almost a third of the waste generated in most developed countries. The most efficient disposal method is recycling, i.e. recycling of secondary building resources (SBR). However, the share of recycled construction waste in Ukraine lags far behind developed countries (it is about 6% of its total volume). The high level of waste generation and low rates of its use as secondary raw materials (SRM) have led to the fact that a significant amount of solid waste accumulates annually in the industrial and civil sectors of Ukraine, only a small part of which is used as SRM, the rest ends up in landfills. The difference between waste management in Ukraine, compared with other developed countries, is in the large volumes of waste generation and the lack of infrastructure to recycle it. The issues of the environmental impact of construction waste are considered, and the main cost-effective technologies for processing SBR are identified and considered in this research. With the help of market mechanisms and government regulations, these technologies may become promising for investment and their development will be beneficial for small and medium-sized businesses. Perspective areas of construction waste recycling in order to obtain demanded products are presented; existing advantages and technologies of processing SRM are also considered: solid waste processing, biothermal composting, wood waste processing, recycling of construction waste and metallurgical slag, etc.
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Semwal, Ashish, Prince Yadav, and Samreen Bano. "Utilization of construction demolition waste as partial replacement in concrete: An experimental study." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1326, no. 1 (June 1, 2024): 012059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1326/1/012059.
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Abstract The construction industry generates a significant amount of waste, which presents a significant challenge for waste management. This waste includes construction and demolition waste (CDW), crushed aggregate, mortar, crushed brick, stones, etc. Reusing and recycling these wastes can reduce waste disposal and save natural resources. This research paper explores the study of the combined replacement of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) and recycled fine aggregate (RFA) with varying proportions and evaluates the feasibility and optimum proportion of waste material as a partial replacement. Mechanical properties such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength the of all specimens were tested as a combined replacement of RCA (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) and RFA (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) for M30 grade concrete. Furthermore, SEM, EDX, of mortar were analysed to determine the microstructure characteristics of the materials.
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Hong, Soo-Yeon, Cheol-Woo Yoon, Young-Sam Yoon, Jang-Hyun Kang, and Tae-Wan Jeon. "A Study on Safety Management Plan for Recycling of Medium-Contact Wastes via Ecotoxicity Assessment." Environmental Health Insights 16 (January 2022): 117863022211118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786302221111872.
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In South Korea, hazardous characteristics of wastes to be recycled are managed through the “Environmental Impact Assessment of Recycling” system. The ecotoxicity of medium-contact recyclable wastes, that is, those in contact with soil, groundwater, surface water, etc., is managed according to this system and is determined based on whether or not they exceed an ecotoxicity value (TU) of 2.0. The ecotoxicity of wastes is tested and determined by using pretreated eluate samples according to the Official Wastes Test Standard and applying the Official Water Pollution Process Test Standard. However, no ecotoxicity management limits are stipulated for medium-contact recycling using wastes in numerous other countries. This study aims to evaluate applicability and safety of the ecotoxicity test for wastes used in medium-contact recycling and establish an efficient management plan for hazardous characteristic wastes. Target wastes for the survey were selected based on the Wastes Control Act in South Korea. Nine types of waste were selected, which are representative types of wastes to which ecotoxicity is applied. In order to secure the representativeness of the target samples, a total of 45 samples were collected by selecting 5 cases each of the 9 waste types in consideration of the type of industry and amount of waste generated. Limit exceedance was calculated for each category of hazardous substances (leaching, total content), pH, and ecotoxicity of a total of 45 samples, and was found to increase in the order of leaching 2.22% < pH 9.09% < content 31.11% < ecotoxicity 37.21%. This indicates that the limit exceedance was maximum in the ecotoxicity category. Therefore, the application of ecotoxicity limit is efficient for identifying and comprehensively managing the environmental impacts of various types of hazardous substances contained in wastes from the perspective of comprehensive toxicity.
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Le, Phuong Giang, Hung Anh Le, Xuan Thang Dinh, and Huu Hai Trinh. "An assessment of the current situation and recommendation of management scenarios for municipal solid waste management in Ho Chi Minh city." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 65, no. 2 (August 20, 2023): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vmostjossh.65(2).45-56.
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Ho Chi Minh city (HCMC) is currently facing a critical problem of the uncontrollable municipal solid waste (MSW). The most common waste disposal practice in the city is landfilling, but this is not a sustainable solution. From 2010 to 2022, the amount of waste generated has increased annually, from 6,000 tons/day to 9,200 tons/day, with an average growth rate of 6-8% per year. This study calculated the average emission factor of various districts in the city such as districts 1, 3, etc. at 0.83 kg/capita/day and district Binh Chanh, Cu Chi, etc. at 0.73 kg/capita/day and forecasted that the amount of waste will reach approximately 16,100 tons/day by 2050. Currently, 80-90% of collected MSW is landfilled, while only 10% is recycled. Composting and energy recovery practices are rarely used. This paper reviewed the current solid waste practice in HCMC and proposed four management scenarios to develop a sustainable solid waste management system. The first scenario is landfilling, which involves non-segregated waste disposal at the source. The second scenario is recycling, which involves segregating waste at the source for recycling, reuse, and waste reduction. The third scenario is composting, which requires using a mechanical-biological treatment plant for sorting, composting, and producing fuel from waste. The fourth scenario is waste-to-energy, which uses a waste incineration plant to generate energy from waste.
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Delcea, Camelia, Liliana Crăciun, Corina Ioanăș, Gabriella Ferruzzi, and Liviu-Adrian Cotfas. "Determinants of Individuals’ E-Waste Recycling Decision: A Case Study from Romania." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (April 1, 2020): 2753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072753.
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Due to the increase of the amount of electrical and electronical equipment waste (e-waste), the understanding of individual consumers’ main decision triggers represents a key point in increasing the quantity of recycled e-waste. A series of studies from the literature have shown a positive relationship between the consumers’ attitude, awareness, self-efficacy, social norms, and their e-waste recycling intention, as well as the positive influence between the intention and the manifested behavior. Additional to these determinants, in the present study, the influence of social media was analyzed along with the actions taken by the government and nongovernmental organizations, with the purpose to include and to capture, as much as possible, a high amount of determinants in the e-waste recycling process. Nevertheless, the demographic or socio-economic variables, such as age, gender, income, education, number of family members, etc., have shown over time to have a contribution to predicting the consumers’ pro-recycling behavior. As on one side, in the research literature, the opinions related to which of the demographic or socio-economic factors can have an impact on the recycling behavior have been divided and, on another side, a series of researchers believe that the discrepancies in the findings of different studies can be due to culture in various countries, in this paper we conducted such an analysis with reference to the Romania’s case. The results have shown that the demographic variables, such as age and gender, can have a contribution to predicting residents’ pro-e-waste recycling behavior. Based on these findings, the policymakers can gain a better understanding of the e-waste recycling phenomenon and on its main triggers, with results in creating better policies for sustaining a proper e-waste managing system.
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Adhikari, Ram Chandra. "Investigation on Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries." Journal of Research and Development 5, no. 1 (December 12, 2022): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jrdn.v5i1.50095.
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Solid waste is global problem relating to environment, society and economics. Waste management is challenging issue as the quantity has been increasing with increase of population, urbanization and economic status. Some dozens of printed and online published books, journals, dissertations, website of agencies etc. were reviewed and by making outline and following guideline this article was prepared. It is found that the waste production varies from 0.25Kg to 1.38 Kg per capita per day in developing countries. In south South American countries it was recorded 1.07 Kg/capita/day, in Asian countries 0.4 to 1.62Kg/capita/day and in African region it was found 0.49 Kg/capita/day of waste production. The waste contains mostly biodegradable (50% to 80%). The collection system was very poor and from rural area only 10% to 20% waste and in urban area 44% to 90% of total produced waste was carried to collecting and management system. The common waste management’s adopted in developing countries were open dumping, landfill site, composting, incineration and open burning etc. From 18% to 92% of waste were found to dumping. In east pacific region 46% and in American countries 68.5% of total waste was carried to landfill site. The use of incinerator is scarcely found. Only in few countries well managed composting plants could be observed. Some landfill sites and incinerating plant shave generated electricity, biogas, brickets etc. Some pointed research gaps in this field are waste management and biodiversity, medicinal and hazardous waste management, vermicomposting etc. It can be recommended that for the waste management public awareness, participation of locals, application of reduction, reuse and recycling concept, waste management inside house premise, modernization and scientific management of solid wastes. Further researches are needed in different aspects of waste and management for the complete solution.
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Trošanová, Mária, Ivona Škultétyová, Mária Dubcová, and Dušan Rusnák. "COMPARISON OF ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY IN WASTE MANAGEMENT AT MUNICIPAL LEVEL WITHIN REVERSE LOGISTICS." Czech Journal of Civil Engineering 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.51704/cjce.2017.vol3.iss2.pp174-180.
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This paper evaluates the economic aspect expressed through the efficiency of municipal waste management expenditures of 17 districts of Bratislava and the ecological point of view through the achievement of objectives of waste management legislation at municipal level as a primary assessment of the potential of municipalities for the possibility of collecting selected waste streams and packaging from the municipal waste stream and achievement of waste management goals for both municipalities and producers through reverse logistics activities (e.g. sorting, material recycling, recovery, etc.).
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Bodkhe, Rajesh, Dr Sandeep Khedkar, Yogeshwar Deshmukh, Ashutosh Gahukar, and Gaurav Meshram. "Solar Powered Portable Garbage Composter Machine." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 1401–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41533.
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Abstract: Garbage collection is an important task of ensuring that our communities have a pleasant environment in which to live. But the main problem we face today can be reduced by reducing or minimizing the amount of waste transportation, specific waste. A compactor can be used to reduce the amount of waste streams. The waste burden remains the same so there are no savings from the total waste generated. However, the amount of waste can be reduced by up to 80%, eliminating the need to empty the dumpster many times, resulting in lower pick-up charges. These paper focus on, to identify and analyze concepts and strategies for waste recycling. Its aim is to reduce their negative impact on the environment and human health and natural resources. Right now, garbage is an existential problem in India, so you must find financial solutions. In developing countries, reducing the amount of waste is one of the major challenges that need to be addressed to improve living conditions. By using management in waste recycling, one can contribute to urban development, but we must remember that there is a significant cost involved in waste management. In conclusion, we noted that the necessary discussions are taking place nationally and internationally to adopt management strategies in the area of waste recycling. Keywords: Solar energy, Waste Management, Organic Composting, Composting process, Modern Composting etc.
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Ho, Ngoc Cuong, Thi Thuy Dung Nguyen, Thi Thu Huyen Luu, and Thi Vinh Hoang. "Factors affecting the behaviour of domestic solid waste reduction in households:A case study in Dien Chau, Nghe An." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 65, no. 4 (April 25, 2023): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjst.65(4).59-65.
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This research aims to analyse the factors affecting the behaviour of domestic solid waste reduction in households in Dien Chau town (Nghe An province) by using the Probit regression model. The data was collected from 60 households. The results showed that the domestic solid waste in the study area is mainly from households and organic solid waste. Besides, there were solid wastes, that are paper, scrap, metal, and plastic, could be recycled and reused. Results of the surveyed households showed that there were many activities to reduce solid waste, such as waste classification at source, recycling and reuse, covert organic rubbish into compost or animal feed, etc. From the Probit model, the factors affecting the behaviour of domestic solid waste reduction at households in Dien Chau town included age, gender, and awareness of households on domestic solid waste reduction. These are affecting factors that can be used as a reference to strengthen the behaviour of reducing domestic solid waste in the study area in the coming time.
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Petruk, Roman, Yulia Bilichenko, and Halyna Petruk. "Економічні розрахунки вибору методу утилізації пестицидів." Personality and environmental issues 1 (January 13, 2022): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31652/2786-6033-2022-1(1)-42-46.
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Goal: is a brief analysis of the main ways of dealing with unusable pesticides and pesticide-containing wastes and facilities and substantiation of technical and economic parameters of processes of neutralization of unusable pesticides and hazardous waste, as well as establishment of the most optimal methods and ways of their utilization. To establish the most optimal methods and ways of utilization of pesticides and pesticide-containing waste, a financial and economic assessment of pesticide exports from Ukraine to processing plants in Europe was made, the cost of burning pesticides at specialized plants in Ukraine was calculated, the total cost of reclamation works was calculated. on recycling of pesticide containers. Methodology: To solve the tasks in the work used modern methods of scientific research: analysis - to summarize modern scientific and technical advances in the prevention of environmental pollution due to pesticides entering the environment; indication methods - for assessment of soil, water and air pollution; methods of reclamation of contaminated areas and incineration of pesticides; methods of analysis of gas mixtures, etc. Scientific novelty: for the first time scientific and methodological calculations of environmental safety parameters and management of unusable pesticides and pesticide-containing wastes, the essence of which is to take into account the main components of the cost of pesticide disposal and restoration of contaminated areas, including management actions for all components of pesticide territories and largely solve the problem of pesticide pollution. Conclusions: calculations of the cost of recycling various facilities that contain unusable pesticide-containing drugs and waste and established the most optimal methods and ways of recycling pesticides in Ukraine. A brief analysis of the main methods of handling unusable pesticides and pesticide-containing waste and facilities and substantiated the technical and economic parameters of the disposal of unusable pesticides and hazardous waste, as well as the most optimal methods and methods of their disposal.
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Gupta, Piyush. "Plastic waste management, a concern for community." Holistic approach to environment 11, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33765/thate.11.2.3.
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Plastics i.e. polymers are long chains or networks of monomer molecules which can be fabricated in desired shape, colour and specifications. The multi-functionality of this macromolecule has made it an integral part of society. Due to being given immense importance in various industrial sectors, like information technology, electrical, as well as electronics industries, intelligent, smart and advanced packaging systems, agriculture, automobiles, biomedical applications, etc., they are quite indispensable for the modern generation. The huge demand and high frequency usage have alarmed a number of countries littered with plastic wastes which need to be attended immediately. The effects of plastic solid waste on environmental living and non-living components are noticeable in the ever-increasing level of plastic pollution both on land and in the oceans globally. This paper compiles the various aspects and prospects of disposal methods like landfilling, recycling, progress in recovery and management of plastic waste (i.e. primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary) in order to minimize its huge volumes. The depolymerisation process is the key technology behind its success which provides a high yield of product and a minimal amount of waste. Few innovative methods other than recycling published by different researchers are also discussed in this paper.
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Prykhodko, V. Yu, T. A. Safranov, and T. P. Shanina. "Comparative assessment of different municipal solid waste treatment methods based on greenhouse gases emission values." Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal, no. 22 (December 3, 2018): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31481/uhmj.22.2018.12.
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The research is aimed at comparing different methods of municipal solid waste treatment (waste burial, composting, complex recycling) depending on the values of generated greenhouse gases. In order to compare waste burial and composting of municipal solid waste based on amount of generated greenhouse gases the calculation methods used for compiling the National Inventory, were taken. The mass balance method was used to estimate the output of a product of complex recycling. The municipal solid waste components differ by amount of degradable organic carbon and decomposition rate but have the largest mass. The municipal solid waste treatment techniques consist in placing such waste at landfills and dumps which are sources of environmental pollution, for example, by greenhouse gases. There are other organic waste treatment methods, such as composting via different technologies, burning, recycling etc. But all of them are also associated with greenhouse gases emission. Easily decomposed organic waste can be used for production of organic fertilizers, but a mandatory requirement, that is separation from the general municipal solid waste stream at the time of waste production, should be complied with. A complex recycling of easily decomposed organic waste, including anaerobic and aerobic composting is offered as an efficient way of waste management. The article presents a comparative analysis of various methods of municipal solid waste treatment based on the amount of greenhouse gases emitted in the Odessa Region. It considers three waste treatment approaches: all waste mass is to be placed at landfills and dumps, composting of some of park and garden waste and burial of other components, complex recycling of food, park and garden waste and some of paper waste according to the developed scheme. Complex recycling offers the least value of total greenhouse gases emission over a five-year period whereas waste disposal is characterized by the highest value thereof. The complex recovery of components containing bioavailable organic carbon through anaerobic fermentation method excludes emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, as the biogas produced can be collected and extracted. However, over a long period, even after two-stage complex recycling, the total emission of greenhouse gases will be lower comparing to other methods of easily decomposed organic waste treatment. Emission of greenhouse gases in case of waste disposal has a prolonged nature whereas emission of greenhouse gases in case of composting occurs within a short period of time which should be taken into account when analyzing the prospects of solving the municipal solid waste problem.
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HUONG, NGUYEN THI THU, and O. N. LARIN. "ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT SITUATION WITH RECYCLING OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT WASTE IN VIETNAM." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2, no. 4 (2021): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.04.02.018.
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Today, in world practice, a rapid increase in the rate of generation of household and industrial waste is noticeable, and Vietnam, as a developing country, this problem is especially tangible. With the development of industry and technology, one of the most problematic industries in terms of waste generation is the electrical and electronic equipment industry. The products of this industry are tightly integrated into all other sectors of human life, whether it is production (refrigeration equipment, machine tools, computers, monitors, communications, etc.) or everyday life (household appliances, mobile phones, game consoles, smart appliances, etc.). This article provides an analysis of the current situation with the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment in Vietnam, and provides recommendations for solving this problem.
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Udobia, Unwana Joe, and Idongesit Michael Akpan. "Sustainable Waste Management and Socio-Economic Development in Uyo Metropolis, Akwa Ibom State." AKSU Journal of Administration and Corporate Governance 3, no. 3 (November 15, 2023): 216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.61090/aksujacog.2023.030.
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The study examined sustainable waste management and socio-economic development in Uyo metropolis, Akwa Ibom State. Waste Management when executed sustainably has reverberating benefits to the present and future generations of an entity, especially in aspects of health and Life Expectancy (LE) improvement, natural resource conservation, urbanization, infrastructural development, etc. Hence, many countries of the world have developed measures for sustainable waste management. However, it was observed that sustainable waste management has not reached its full potential in Uyo metropolis owing to the focus on a part of waste management which is the collection, transfer and disposal of waste. Therefore, this paper was aimed at examining the state of sustainable waste management in Uyo metropolis, to establish whether it impacts the socio-economic development in the area. The qualitative research method was adopted for the study through the use of descriptive secondary data. The Zero Waste theory was adopted for the study. It was discovered that waste management in the Uyo metropolis as coordinated by the Akwa Ibom State Environmental Protection and Waste Management Agency (AKSEPWMA) is not sustainable owing to the absence of an organized framework for waste recycling and reuse, and the adoption of incineration as a waste management method. It was recommended that the Akwa Ibom State government should expedite the establishment of a formal waste recycling sector through public-private partnerships with both indigenous and non-indigenous waste recycling companies.
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Wang, Bin, and HeHua Li. "Multi-objective optimization model of waste tire recycling network." E3S Web of Conferences 214 (2020): 03052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021403052.
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To achieve sustainable development, logistics enterprises need not only to reduce costs, but also to save energy for environmental protection and improve customer service level. The improvement of reverse logistics management level of waste tires is of great significance to improve the efficiency of the automobile industry. In this paper, multi-objective programming is adopted to establish the waste tire recycling network model. The decision variable is whether the network nodes are set or not, the traffic flow between nodes. Constraints include meeting customer demand, balance of flow in and out of logistics nodes, etc. The model is solved by ε- constraint. Taking the actual data of the enterprise as an example, the operation results show that the operation cost, carbon emission and customer transportation distance can get an consistence within a certain range. Waste tire logistics enterprises can realize the simultaneous improvement of profit, environmental protection and customer service level.
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Moussa, Kazem, Sary Awad, Patricia Krawczak, Ahmad Al Takash, Jalal Faraj, and Mahmoud Khaled. "An Overview of the Non-Energetic Valorization Possibilities of Plastic Waste via Thermochemical Processes." Materials 17, no. 7 (March 22, 2024): 1460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17071460.
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The recovery and recycling/upcycling of plastics and polymer-based materials is needed in order to reduce plastic waste accumulated over decades. Mechanical recycling processes have made a great contribution to the circularity of plastic materials, contributing to 99% of recycled thermoplastics. Challenges facing this family of processes limit its outreach to 30% of plastic waste. Complementary pathways are needed to increase recycling rates. Chemical processes have the advantage of decomposing plastics into a variety of hydrocarbons that can cover a wide range of applications, such as monomers, lubricants, phase change materials, solvents, BTX (benzene, toluene, xylene), etc. The aim of the present work is to shed light on different chemical recycling pathways, with a special focus on thermochemicals. The study will cover the effects of feedstock, operating conditions, and processes used on the final products. Then, it will attempt to correlate these final products to some petrochemical feedstock being used today on a large scale.
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D. Venkat Naik, C. Venkateshwar. "A Study of Solid Waste Management (SWM) and Conversion of Wet Waste and Vegitable Market Waste into Feeds and as alternative Energy of GHMC- Alwal Circle, Hyderabad in Telangana." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 11, no. 1 (February 18, 2023): 319–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/cienceng.v11i1.130.
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The overall goal of this study on urban solid waste management is to collect, treat and dispose of solid wastes generated by all municipality authorities and population groups in an environmentally and socially satisfactory manner using the most economical means available. Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) are usually authorized to have responsibility for providing solid waste management services to the abovestudy area i.e Alwal Circle, As Hyderabad city grow economically, the industrial activities and consumption patterns drive up a growth of solid waste quantities. At the same time, increased traffic congestion adversely affects the productivity of the solid waste fleet. Productivity loss is exacerbated by longer hauls, open lands are turning as dump yards for commertial and household waste. The main objective of the study is educating a. waste generating communities for segregation, b. rag-pickers for safe handling & c. segregating agencies for recycling to create economical values like investment, employment etc.