Journal articles: 'Recycled materials'

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Zha, Xiao Xiong, and Kai Zhang. "The Research of Green High Performance Recycled Construct Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 4471–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.4471.

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Recycled concrete aggregates have large porosity, large water absorption and high crush index. Mechanical properties of recycled concrete aggregates could be improved by adding activated water instead of ordinary water. On the basis of the experimental studies, this paper analyzes the influences on recycled concrete compression strength when using activated water. There are many different factors such as the kinds and amounts of alkali and the water slag ratio affecting the compressive strength of recycle geopolymer. The results show that activated water has a high enhancement on compressive strength of recycled aggregate concrete, and the highest compressive strength of recycled geopolymer is 57.3MPa.

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Park, Jun Kil, and Min Ook Kim. "Mechanical Properties of Cement-Based Materials with Recycled Plastic: A Review." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 30, 2020): 9060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219060.

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This study summarizes existing studies on plastic recycling to determine whether ocean plastics with high pollution degrees could be used for cement-based materials. In particular, the methods to recycle plastic waste, the effects of recycled plastic on the physical and mechanical properties of cement-based materials, and their effective usage were investigated. Workability, density, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of cement-based materials with recycled plastics were reviewed and divided into recycled aggregates and fibers. Based on the previous investigation, the direction of research necessary to recycle marine plastics is suggested. As the amount of recycled plastic aggregate increased, the mechanical strength of cement-based materials decreased. The recycled plastic aggregate lowered the density and increased porosity of the cement-based material. Meanwhile, recycled plastic fibers reduced the compressive strength but improved the tensile strength; to effectively improve tensile strength, a volume content of less than 1.5% should be added to prevent balling fibers. Furthermore, an appropriate aspect ratio should be determined based on the type of plastic to be used.

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Malladi, Sasidhar, Wenbo Shi, Zhuoyi Zhao, and K. Jo Min. "The Impacts of Product Life and Recyclability on Landfill Disposal in Closed Loop Supply Chains." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 9, no. 2 (April 2020): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2020040105.

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For a single type of product, the authors formulate a series of closed loop supply chain models of a manufacturer, a service provider, and a customer. The manufacturer takes back a leased product after it provides a certain number of services and recycles a fraction of materials from the used product. They investigate how the manufacturer's decision on product life and recyclability are influenced by external conditions like landfill disposal costs and recycling subsidies (on materials and facilities). Through analytical and numerical studies, managerial insights and policy implications are derived. For practitioners, (1) a landfill disposal cost threshold exists above which it is economically viable to recycle the used products; (2) as the landfill disposal cost increases, they will increase the product life and decrease the recyclability; (3) as the recycling subsidy increases, they will decrease the product life and increase the recyclability. For a policy maker, how to subsidize the recycler based on the recycled materials amount or on the recycling facility cost is also investigated.

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KAWABATA, Nariyoshi. "Recycle for Polymers. Polymeric Materials Premised for Recycled Use." Kobunshi 48, no. 10 (1999): 774–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.48.774.

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Yang, Hai Lin, Shou Xun Ji, Douglas Watson, Mark White, and Zhong Yun Fan. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ductile Aluminium Alloy Manufactured by Recycled Materials." Materials Science Forum 794-796 (June 2014): 1077–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.794-796.1077.

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The present paper introduces the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Al-Mg-Si-Mn alloy made by recycled materials, in which the impurity levels of iron are mainly concerned. It is found that the increased Fe content reduces the ductility and yield strength but slightly increases the UTS of the diecast alloy. The tolerable Fe content is 0.45wt.%, at which the recycled alloys are still able to produce castings with the mechanical properties of yield strength over 140MPa, UTS over 280MPa and elongation over 15%.The Fe content is steadily accumulated in the alloy with the increase of recycle times. However, after 13 cycles, the recycled alloys are still able to produce ductile alloys with satisfied mechanical properties.

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Momanyi, Job, Michael Herzog, and Peter Muchiri. "Analysis of Thermomechanical Properties of Selected Class of Recycled Thermoplastic Materials Based on Their Applications." Recycling 4, no. 3 (August 19, 2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling4030033.

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Polypropylene and polystyrene are petroleum-based thermoplastics which are commonly used and disposed of in the environment after their service life, leading to environmental degradation. There is a need to recycle polypropylene and polystyrene, but the effect of recycling on thermo-mechanical properties is not well understood. This study aims to determine thermo-mechanical properties of the recycled polypropylene and recycled polystyrene and compare them with corresponding virgin polypropylene and newly produced polystyrene (general purpose polystyrene 1540 and high impact polystyrene 7240). The study was carried out by preparing bar-shaped samples of recycled polypropylene, recycled polystyrene, general purpose polystyrene 1540, and high impact polystyrene 7240 by compression molding using a hot press and thermally characterizing them to determine glass transition temperature and melting temperature using differential scanning calorimetry. The changes in Young’s modulus, tensile strength, hardness, and toughness due to recycling activities were determined at room temperature (24 °C), 40 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C. The thermo-mechanical properties of recycled polystyrene (PS) were found to be comparable to those of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) 7240. The study revealed that the hardness and toughness for the recycled polymers were higher than those of corresponding virgin polymers. On the other hand, tensile strength and Young’s modulus for the recycled polymers were lower than those of the virgin polymers. Understanding the thermo-mechanical properties of the recycled polymers will contribute to more industrial applications hence increase the rate of recycling, resulting in a reduction in environmental pollution.

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Mushtruk, Mihjlo Mihajlovich. "BIODIESEL FROM RECYCLED MATERIALS." Научный взгляд в будущее, no. 05-01 (October 12, 2017): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30888/2415-7538.2017-05-01-103.

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Kawakami, Atsushi, Kazuyuki Kubo, Iwao Sasaki, and Takashi Kano. "Study on the Recycling Method for Drainage Asphalt Pavement and Evaluation for its Durability." Advanced Materials Research 723 (August 2013): 664–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.723.664.

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In Japan, drainage asphalt pavement (DAP) is widely used especially on the highway and the express way. However, because of the existing porous asphalt materials consist of DAP use polymer modified bitumen, and the aggregate gradation of DAP is differ from conventional mixture, it is difficult to use those porous asphalt materials as the recycled aggregate for reclaimed asphalt pavement. Therefore, the recycling method for recycled DAP which were consisted of recycled porous asphalt materials and virgin aggregates has not been established yet. This paper describes that the recycling method for recycled DAP was considered, and the workability and five years durability was also verified by trial construction of the recycle DAP and new DAP which were consisted of virgin aggregate on the national highway.

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Folayan, Tinu-Ololade, Kulwinder Dhindsa, Dianne Atienza, Ruiting Zhan, Anna Jonynas, and Lei Pan. "Direct Recycling of Cathode Active Materials from EV Li-Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 5 (July 7, 2022): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-015610mtgabs.

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Direct recycling of Li-ion batteries is a promising and low-cost recycling technology since the process recovers values of active materials directly without converting active materials into metal elements. However, the process is challenging from a separation perspective due to purity requirement. Herein, a new physical separation system was developed to recycle and produce ultra-high purity of cathode active materials from EV Li-ion batteries. Results showed that the recycled cathode active material product contained 99% purity of active materials with less than 500 ppm of aluminum and copper. Both the stoichimetry and structure of the recycled cathode active materials remained the same compared with those collected manually from electrode sheets. Results obtained from electrochemical testing showed that the capacity of the recycled materials was comparable to that of pristine cathode active materials, despite there was a lithium loss associated with battery charging and discharging. The present result demonstrates a viable direct recycling process for electric vehicle Li-ion batteries.

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Moore, Jordan, Daniel Folkinshteyn, and Jordan P. Howell. "The potential for exchange-traded futures on recycled materials to improve recycling efficiency." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 19, no. 3 (August 5, 2022): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.19(3).2022.09.

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Recycling has substantial environmental and economic benefits, but the recycling industry is relatively inefficient. Approximately half of all recyclable material is not actually recycled, and this inefficiency is economically and environmentally costly. This paper investigates the potential for exchange-traded futures on recycled materials to increase efficiency for the recycling industry by improving the market quality for firms that buy and sell recycled materials. The aim of this study is to statistically analyze a novel data set of prices for recycled materials to demonstrate the potential efficiency gains to introducing exchange-traded futures on recycled materials. The theoretical basis for this financial innovation is numerous previous studies showing that introducing exchange-traded derivatives improves the market quality of the underlying asset. The results of the analysis show that price volatility of recycled materials is generally high, with monthly standard deviation greater than 6%. Price volatility of recycled materials is excessive compared to price volatility of analogous new materials. Also, stock price volatility of waste management firms is positively related to price volatility in recycled materials. Price volatility of recycled materials explains 12% of the excess stock price volatility for waste management firms. This paper includes a practical discussion of proposed specifications and standards for these new financial contracts and plans for further research studies. Along with previous studies on the listing of exchange-traded derivatives, the conclusion of the statistical analysis is that there are large potential economic and environmental benefits to listing exchange-traded futures on recycled materials.

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Adomako, Solomon, Christian John Engelsen, Rein Terje Thorstensen, and Diego Maria Barbieri. "Repeated Load Triaxial Testing of Recycled Excavation Materials Blended with Recycled Phyllite Materials." Materials 15, no. 2 (January 14, 2022): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15020621.

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Recycled Excavation Materials (REM) are becoming viable alternative construction resources due to their economic benefits. However, REM may be composed of weak rocks, e.g., phyllites, limiting the use in a base layer. The present paper attempts to further the knowledge of the mechanical performance of REM by performing Repeated Load Triaxial Tests (RLTT). REM are mixed with Recycled Phyllite Materials (RPM) in systematic blends of 0%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. The batches’ resilient modulus (MR) and permanent deformation (PD) characteristics were assessed to establish the maximum RPM allowed into REM while maintaining the required performance. Hicks and Monismith’s and Uzan’s models were used to characterize the stiffness behavior. A wide variation in the stiffness between the two materials was observed. Batches comprised of 0% RPM–100% REM and 25% RPM–75% REM showed high stiffness performance. The Coulomb model assessed the PD behavior, and the results showed a similar response for all batches. Unlike the stiffness, blended mixtures did not show sensitivity to increased RPM content in the PD. This study may help end-users to understand the performance of REM given the documented threshold on the allowable quantity of RPM in REM.

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Liang, Jia. "The Performance of Recycled Asphalt Materials I." Advanced Materials Research 668 (March 2013): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.668.309.

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In the past few years, recycled asphalt materials have been used successfully in asphalt concrete pavement in China. However, there are no results of the performance of using abson method and vacuum rotating reclaim to recycled asphalt. The objective of this study is to investigation performance of recycled asphalt materials using abson method and vacuum rotating reclaim. Abson method and vacuum rotating reclaim were implemented to analyze the characteristics of different aging degree recycled asphalt in this article. Lanlian-70 asphalt put into pressure aging vessels after the time of 0 hour,5 hour,10 hour,15 hour, 20 hour of aging. Afterwards, the different aging degree asphalt was dissolved by trichloroethylene, and then asphalt solution reclaimed using abson method and vacuum rotating reclaim. In the end, the performances of recycled asphalt were tested, such as penetration, softening point, ductility. The characteristics were compared of different aging degree recycled asphalt and origin asphalt. Comparison results indicate that the indexes of recycled asphalt are decease of the penetration and ductility, increase of softening point. However, decreased value and increased value is minimal. Therefore, recycled asphalt will not make asphalt ageing in the process of recycled asphalt.

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Liang, Jia. "The Performance of Recycled Asphalt Materials II." Advanced Materials Research 668 (March 2013): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.668.305.

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In the past few years, recycled asphalt materials have been used successfully in asphalt concrete pavement in China. However, there are no results of the performance of using abson method and vacuum rotating reclaim to recycled asphalt. The objective of this study is to investigation of recycled asphalt materials performance of using abson method and vacuum rotating reclaim. Abson method and vacuum rotating reclaim were implemented to analyze the characteristics of different aging degree recycled asphalt in this article. Lanlian-70 asphalt put into pressure aging vessels after the time of 0 hour,5 hour,10 hour,15 hour, 20 hour of aging. Afterwards, the different aging degree asphalt was dissolved by trichloroethylene, and then asphalt solution reclaimed using abson method and vacuum rotating reclaim. In the end, the performances of recycled asphalt were tested, such as viscosity, dynamic shear modulus, phase angle, bending creep stiffness. The characteristics were compared of different aging degree recycled asphalt and origin asphalt. The performances of recycled asphalt are rise of dynamic shear modulus and bending creep stiffness and viscosity, reduce of phase angle compared to virgin asphalt. Decreased value and increased value is minimal so that recycled asphalt materials will not make asphalt ageing for considering equipment and human inevitable errors in the process of recycled asphalt.

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14

KIBERT, C. J. "CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS FROM RECYCLED POLYMERS." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings 99, no. 4 (November 1993): 455–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/istbu.1993.25338.

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15

Podzorova, M. V., Yu V. Tertyshnaya, and A. A. Popov. "Biodegradable materials containing recycled polymers." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 347 (April 2018): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/347/1/012015.

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16

Lubenau, Joel O., and James G. Yusko. "Radioactive Materials in Recycled Metals." Health Physics 68, no. 4 (April 1995): 440–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199504000-00001.

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Barta, Kathleen M. "IV Simulators from Recycled Materials." Nurse Educator 17, no. 3 (May 1992): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006223-199205000-00006.

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18

Halada, Kohmei. "Trade Flow of Recycled Materials." Material Cycles and Waste Management Research 20, no. 5 (2009): 212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/mcwmr.20.212.

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Marston, Rip. "Constructing Equipment from Recycled Materials." Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance 65, no. 8 (October 1994): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07303084.1994.10606983.

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Кayumov, A. К., S. I. Zinevich, and Y. V. Kovalev. "Pavement Bases from Recycled Materials." Science & Technique 21, no. 6 (December 9, 2022): 504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2022-21-6-504-510.

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Road bases are the main bearing layers of the road pavement, the purpose of which is the perception of the load from cars and its distribution on the subgrade soil. The base structure is determined by calculation depending on the planned traffic load and traffic intensity and usually consists of two layers, and for capital coatings, the upper layer of the two-layer base is made of materials reinforced with binders. The base of the pavement is a rather expensive construction and it is important for its construction, where possible, to use local materials, as well as secondary materials, i. e. industrial and construction industry waste. In the process of construction and repair works, the use of secondary raw materials can significantly reduce the cost of their implementation. Moreover, this practice not only reduces the cost of work, but also reduces the negative impact on the environment. The paper considers the possibility of constructing a pavement base from such secondary materials as spent molding sands (foundry waste), cement granulate (a product of crushing old cement concrete structures, construction waste) and asphalt granulate (a product of milling worn asphalt concrete pavements). In this case, the cost of the base is significantly reduced while еnsuring its necessary strength. Spent sands were used as a leveling layer, cement granulate

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Bu, Changming, Lei Liu, Xinyu Lu, Dongxu Zhu, Yi Sun, Linwen Yu, Yuhui OuYang, Xuemei Cao, and Qike Wei. "The Durability of Recycled Fine Aggregate Concrete: A Review." Materials 15, no. 3 (January 31, 2022): 1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15031110.

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With the rapid development of urbanization, many new buildings are erected, and old ones are demolished and/or recycled. Thus, the reuse of building materials and improvements in reuse efficiency have become hot research topics. In recent years, scholars around the world have worked on improving recycle aggregates in concrete and broadening the scope of applications of recycled concrete. This paper reviews the findings of research on the effects of recycled fine aggregates (RFAs) on the permeability, drying shrinkage, carbonation, chloride ion penetration, acid resistance, and freeze–thaw resistance of concrete. The results show that the content of old mortar and the quality of recycled concrete are closely related to the durability of prepared RFA concrete. For example, the drying shrinkage value with a 100% RFA replacement rate is twice that of normal concrete, and the depth of carbonation increases by approximately 110%. Moreover, the durability of RFA concrete decreases as the RFA replacement rate and the water–cement ratio improve. Fortunately, the use of zeolite materials such as fly ash, silica fume, and meta kaolin as surface coatings for RFAs or as external admixtures for RFA concrete had a positive effect on durability. Furthermore, the proper mixing methods and/or recycled aggregates with optimized moisture content can further improve the durability of RFA concrete.

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Roslan, Norshahira, Shayfull Zamree Abd Rahim, Abdellah El-hadj Abdellah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah, Katarzyna Błoch, Paweł Pietrusiewicz, Marcin Nabiałek, et al. "Optimisation of Shrinkage and Strength on Thick Plate Part Using Recycled LDPE Materials." Materials 14, no. 7 (April 5, 2021): 1795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14071795.

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Achieving good quality of products from plastic injection moulding processes is very challenging, since the process comprises many affecting parameters. Common defects such as warpage are hard to avoid, and the defective parts will eventually go to waste, leading to unnecessary costs to the manufacturer. The use of recycled material from postindustrial waste has been studied by a few researchers. However, the application of an optimisation method by which to optimise processing parameters to mould parts using recycled materials remains lacking. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) methods were conducted on thick plate parts moulded using virgin and recycled low-density polyethylene (LDPE) materials (100:0, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50; virgin to recycle material ratios) to find the optimal input parameters for each of the material ratios. Shrinkage in the x and y directions increased in correlation with the recycled ratio, compared to virgin material. Meanwhile, the tensile strength of the thick plate part continued to decrease when the recycled ratio increased. R30 (70:30) had the optimum shrinkage in the x direction with respect to R0 (100:0) material where the shrinkage increased by 24.49% (RSM) and 33.20% (PSO). On the other hand, the shrinkage in the y direction for R30 material increased by 4.48% (RSM) and decreased by 2.67% (PSO), while the tensile strength of R30 (70:30) material decreased by 0.51% (RSM) and 2.68% (PSO) as compared to R0 (100:0) material. Validation tests indicated that the optimal setting of processing parameter suggested by PSO and RSM for R0 (100:0), R30 (70:30), R40 (60:40) and R50 (50:50) was less than 10%.

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Ye, Gang. "Method of Mix Design for Hot Recycled Asphalt Mixtures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 1062–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.1062.

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Hot recycled asphalt mixtures are used more widely in road construction and reconstruction at present. The recycle of asphalts can reuse the waste asphalts and bring economic benefits. Meanwhile it can protect the environment and save the energy. The mix design is an important step for regeneration of the old asphalts. And it is critical to the performance of hot recycled asphalt mixtures. This paper illustrates the mechanism of hot recycling of asphalts and proposes a simple and useful method of mix design for hot recycled asphalt mixtures. In the process, the performances and grading of reclaimed materials were evaluated. And the composition of raw materials with different contents were tested for selection of the best mix. The results show that the method is feasible by practise.

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Zhang, Jian, Jing Long Bu, Li Ren Wang, and Rong Lin Wang. "Phase Composition Analysis of Recycled MgO-C Ladle Lining Materials." Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (August 2013): 2236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.2236.

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With the iron and steel metallurgy, cement, ceramic and other industries making a rapid development, the refractory consumption in our country is quite large. So how to recycle the used refractory materials effectively is more and more important. In this experiment, the phase composition of ladle lining bricks at slag line, rampart and bottom were researched systematically, to determine the phase composition change between the unused and recycled materials. It turned out that the low melting point minerals CaMgSiO4 and Ca3Mg (SiO4)2 formed due to the reaction between MgO and the impurity compositions like SiO2 and CaO from the melted slag and liquid steel. On the one hand, the formation of these low melting point minerals was one of the main reason for the damage of the recycled MgO-C ladle lining bricks. On the other hand, the alkaline magnesium carbon bricks had purification effect for the liquid steel as a result of the content reduction of SiO2 and CaO.

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Stokke, Douglas D. "Micromorphology and Macromorphology of Recycled Fiber and Wood." MRS Bulletin 19, no. 2 (February 1994): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400039257.

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The versatility of wood as a raw material is emphasized by the realization that the mass of wood consumed annually in the United States is nearly that of the combined total U.S. consumption of aluminum, plastics, cement, and steel (Figure 1). Partly as a result of the enormous quantities consumed, many wood and paper products also make up significant fractions of the materials disposed in landfills, despite accelerated recycling efforts, notably those of the paper industry. With a target recycle rate of 40% by 1995, the paper industry will make further progress in alleviating some of the disposal problems, but additional efforts to recycle wood and wood-fiber-based materials into other types of products will also be needed. Many of these opportunities have been described. A common denominator in these utilization schemes is to consider how the morphology of secondary wood-based materials may limit their use, and how the morphological characteristics of recycled fiber and wood may influence the properties of the materials produced from them. These considerations suggest, at least partly, a materials science approach to the utilization of recycled fiber and wood, particularly for the fabrication of wood-based composites.

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Chino, Yasumasa, Hajime Iwasaki, and Mamoru Mabuchi. "Solid-state recycling for machined chips of iron by hot extrusion and annealing." Journal of Materials Research 19, no. 5 (May 2004): 1524–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2004.0204.

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Solid-state recycling for machined chips of pure iron by hot extrusion at 823 K and annealing at 1073–1273 K was carried out. The as-extruded solid recycled specimen without annealing was fractured prior to yielding at room temperature. However, high ductility was recovered by annealing at 1073–1273 K. This is because the oxides at the interface of the machined chips dispersed in grain by annealing. The annealed solid recycled specimens showed higher yield stress than the annealed virgin extruded specimens. Grain refinement for the solid recycled specimens was enhanced by the high dislocation density in the machined chips, resulting in higher strength in the recycled specimens. Thus, the solid-state recycling is a low energy upgrade recycle process.

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Melichar, Tomáš, and Jirí Bydžovský. "Sintered board materials based on recycled glass." Materiali in tehnologije 49, no. 4 (July 25, 2015): 607–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17222/mit.2014.213.

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Zhang, Da-Sheng, Xiao-Hua Gu, Si-Wen Liu, Yan Liu, Qing-Yun Zhou, Shang-Wen Zhu, and Yan-Wei Zhu. "Study on Properties of Regenerated Fluorinated Polyurethane Rigid Foam Prepared by Degrading Waste Polyurethane." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 25, 2022): 15685. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315685.

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Polyurethane (PU) has become one of the most widely used materials in the industrial field due to its excellent performance and wide range of applications. The increasing consumption of polyurethane materials has resulted in significant polyurethane waste. We can recycle waste polyurethane to obtain recycled polyurethane, but to make the recycled polyurethane meet different performance requirements in terms of utility and cost and enable the recycled polyether polyol to be further applied to high-end applications, it is necessary to improve the use value of recycled polyether polyol. In this paper, self-made Fluorodiol was added to the degradation process of waste polyurethane to obtain fluorinated regenerated polyether polyol. Recycled fluorinated polyurethane with excellent performance was prepared using fluorine-containing recycled polyether polyol. The regenerated fluorinated polyether polyols were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, viscosity, hydroxyl value, and GPC molecular weight distribution. The density, apparent morphology, water absorption, mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, and thermal stability of RFPU rigid foams with different fluorine contents were studied by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that when the addition of Fluorodiol was 8% of the mass of waste polyurethane, the density was 41.2 kg/m3, the immersion loss rate was 2.125%, the compressive strength was 0.315 Mpa, and the thermal conductivity was 0.0227 W/m·K. The RFPU prepared by Fluorodiol has low surface energy, good compressive strength, hydrolysis resistance, and is expected to be widely used in special insulation materials. Thus, the sustainable recycling of polyurethane is achieved.

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Hall, Cathryn Anneka, Kate Goldsworthy, and Rebecca Earley. "Design for sorting knitwear: Exploring blended textile wastes and the relationship between sorting, recovery, and recycled blending in yarn manufacture." Materials Open Research 1 (November 15, 2022): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/materialsopenres.17478.1.

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Background: The problem of difficult-to-recycle textile waste is an ongoing challenge. One of the issues is the lack of exchange between the recovery sector and design/manufacture of recycled materials. This paper seeks to addresses the gap in knowledge between sorting (in recovery) and blending activities (in manufacture), expanding current design strategies towards textile recovery. To achieve this, the research explores sorting practices of wool/acrylic blends in the mechanical wool recycling industry and applies this knowledge to the design of new yarns. Methods: A bricolage of methods was used to conduct this research in three parts. First, an overview of a previous study by Author1 is presented from which this research builds. Second, field research using conversation methods with the owner of a closed wool recycling company was conducted centring around their material archive. Thirdly, practice research was conducted in a spinning facility where Author1 applied knowledge from part 1 and 2 by designing four recycled yarns. This was supported by interviews with a sorter and recycler to expand on the findings. Results: Four methods of sorting and the sorting grades/thresholds that are found in the wool recycling industry are outlined, and five methods of recycled blending historically used in the wool recycling industry are established. This knowledge (sorting methods/grades and recycled blending techniques) were applied in practice and from the methods employed, the relationship between sorting in recovery and recycled blending in manufacture was established across three themes: fibre quality, fibre type and fibre colour. Conclusions: The paper concludes that understanding the link sorting and blending provides the foundations for a ‘Design for Sorting’ methodology. When lessons from each theme (quality, type and colour) are combined, this enables fibre value to be retained in recovery and thus, provides a route for longevity of our textile fibres.

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Huo, Mei Lin. "Research on Recycled Materials in Public Art." Applied Mechanics and Materials 329 (June 2013): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.329.71.

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Public art" of the recycled material in the context of globalization is formed under modern ecological concepts, environmental movement, and artistic experiments together. It will change the status quo of the lack of dialogue between materials science with art, recycled materials from the point of view of public art, research and development, and applications make proactive in environmental design. In this study, "renewable materials" mainly focused on the public art materials field, its scope and methods of public art. Recycled materials include not only well-known natural renewable materials, but also include man-made biodegradable materials and life industrial recycled materials, which greatly enriched the scope of public art materials, and reflect the public geographical characteristics and diversity of the arts.

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Kazulytė, Ieva. "Using Recycled Materials in Packagings to Meet the Goals of Circular Economy." Proceedings 16, no. 1 (July 24, 2019): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019016050.

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Packaging waste that is not recycled or reused has a negative environmental effects and presents serious concern. At the same time, various secondary raw materials, which were used to produce packaging from recycled materials, can affect human health and the environment because they can contain harmful chemical substances. For this reason, it is necessary to investigate the existence of hazardous chemicals in recycled materials. This paper analyzes issues related to the production of packaging by using materials from recycled packaging waste with a focus on the influence of the hazardous substances that the waste may contain. This paper presents the results of a survey interviewing packaging manufacturers who use recycled materials in packaging, revealing problems that packaging manufacturers face in the manufacturing of packaging from recycled materials.

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Sulyman, M., J. Haponiuk, and K. Formela. "Utilization of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) in Engineering Materials: A Review." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 7, no. 2 (2016): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijesd.2016.v7.749.

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Krenzel, Vladimír, Jakub Srek, Milan Mikoláš, Jan Bedřich Fiala junior, and Jan Fiala. "Use of recycled materials in bricks." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1203, no. 3 (November 1, 2021): 032132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1203/3/032132.

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Abstract In our presentation we are trying to clarify possibility of adding recycled materials into bricks and to name the changes of characteristics of individual additives. When we remind that the first ceramic decorative figure was The Venus of Věstonice. Babylonian gardens, Hagia Sofia, one of the most beautiful churches that has ever been built. The great Wall of China – The biggest brick creation in the world, medieval castle Malbork built in northern Poland not far from Gdansk's bay which with its size resembles small town, Skyscraper Chrysler Building in New York. All of these buildings have one thing in common and that is material from which they were built. After obtaining this knowledge, we have known for 10.000 years. Many types of modification of full bricks followed. Then the advancement ensued.

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Ciaburro, Giuseppe. "Recycled Materials for Sound Absorbing Applications." Materials Science Forum 1034 (June 15, 2021): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1034.169.

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The use of recycled materials to replace natural and artificial materials represents an interesting and real possibility for all industrial sectors to contribute to the reduction of the amount of waste disposed of and non-renewable resources consumed. This study reports the results of the measurements of the sound absorption coefficient carried out on specimens obtained from the recycling of different materials. A sustainable development of our planet requires us to adopt materials recycling policies to ensure the economical use of resources. Two types of materials have been studied: material obtained from the recycling of plastic bottles, and a material obtained from the recycling of asphalt milled. Both materials showed interesting sound absorption performances covering different frequency ranges.

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Moritz, Kirsten, Steffen Dudczig, Hans Georg Endres, Daniel Herzog, Matthias Schwarz, Leandro Schöttler, Daniel Veres, and Christos G. Aneziris. "Magnesia‐carbon refractories from recycled materials." International Journal of Ceramic Engineering & Science 4, no. 1 (January 2022): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ces2.10115.

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Suits, L. D., T. C. Sheahan, H. Rahardjo, K. Vilayvong, and E. C. Leong. "Water Characteristic Curves of Recycled Materials." Geotechnical Testing Journal 34, no. 1 (2011): 103177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/gtj103177.

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Sipiläinen‐Malm, Thea, Kyösti Latva‐Kala, Leena Tikkanen, Maija‐Liisa Suihko, and Eija Skyttä. "Purity of recycled fibre‐Based materials." Food Additives and Contaminants 14, no. 6-7 (August 1997): 695–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652039709374581.

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Sanchez‐Dehesa, Jose, Victor Garcia‐Chocano, Daniel Torrent, Francisco Cervera, and Suitberto Cabrera. "Noise barriers based on recycled materials." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 125, no. 4 (April 2009): 2744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4784574.

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Lanhrehr, Virginia B., Frederick W. Langrehr, and John Tatreau. "Business users' attitudes toward recycled materials." Industrial Marketing Management 21, no. 4 (November 1992): 361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-8501(92)90047-w.

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Saraiva, Carlos. "Demonstrating Lenz's Law with Recycled Materials." Physics Teacher 44, no. 3 (March 2006): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.2173328.

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De Filippi, Richard P. "Removal of organics from recycled materials." Conservation & Recycling 8, no. 3-4 (January 1985): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0361-3658(85)90007-4.

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Robinson, Lynne. "Recycled materials put prosthetics in reach." JOM 62, no. 5 (May 2010): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-010-0081-z.

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Hendriks, Ch F., and G. M. T. Janssen. "Use of recycled materials in constructions." Materials and Structures 36, no. 9 (November 2003): 604–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02483280.

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Wang, Jian Zhu, and Jun Xue Zhao. "Effect of the Amount of Recycled Materials on Properties and Microstructure of the Al₂O₃-C Materials." Advanced Materials Research 641-642 (January 2013): 321–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.641-642.321.

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Abstract. Samples of Al2O3-C materials were prepared, based on the tabular corundum and recycled materials as raw materials, natural graphite as carbon source, Si as antioxidant and phenolic resin as binder. The physical properties were determined and the microstructure evolution in the samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results shows that, Firstly the apparent porosity rate change little and the body density decreases much with the amount of recycled materials increasing. Secondly the room temperature strength and the high temperature strength decreases when the amount of recycled materials increases. Especially the strength of sample decreases rapidly when the amount of recycled materials is over 15(wt)%. In addition, the grain of recycled materials are wrapped up in the face by a powder layer. The body density and the strength of samples decrease because of the apparent porosity.

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Feng, Zhi Ming, Yan Pei Song, and Zhen Kai Zhao. "Primary Study of Wear-Resistance Characters of the Recycled Composite Materials." Advanced Materials Research 320 (August 2011): 399–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.320.399.

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Study of wear-resistance of recycled composites matrix preparated by means of remelting and centrifugal casting to waste composites is conducted under Low speed and different load. The results show that wearability of recycled composites matrix are higher than that of the primary composites matrix and high-Cr cast iron,it reveals that recycled composites matrix has better wear-resistance properties. with the increase of load,the friction coefficient decreases,and wear rate increases.wear mechanisms of recycled composites matrix are susceptible to load,wear mechanisms of recycled composites samples are mainly adhesion wear in low load condition, and with the load increased, wear mechanisms are mainly the plastic formation wear, plowing wear and oxidative wear.

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Liu, Chao, Guo Liang Bai, and Hong Jin Zhao. "Experimental Research on Seismic Behaviour of Low-Carbon Construction Materials RAC Frame Columns." Advanced Materials Research 194-196 (February 2011): 1958–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.1958.

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A comparative study is conducted on the seismic behaviors of three recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) frame columns under low cyclic load. The recycled aggregate replacement rate is 0%, 50%, 100% respectively. The mechanical characteristics, failure mode, hysteresis loops, ductility and consumption characteristics of frame columns with different recycled aggregate replacement rate and same axial compression ratio are analyzed in this paper comparatively. The rule characteristics between ordinary concrete and recycled aggregate concrete frame columns are found. The result indicates that failure process of recycled aggregate concrete frame columns is similar to that of ordinary concrete. The seismic behaviors of recycled aggregate concrete frame columns, including the ductility etc., still meet the related requirements of earthquake-resistance designing. So it is concluded in this paper that the recycled aggregate concrete can be applied in concrete structures. Because of its properties are certain deficiencies, some tectonic measures must be enhanced.

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Lee, Doo Ho. "Pricing Decisions in a Competitive Closed-Loop Supply Chain with Duopolistic Recyclers." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (April 18, 2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5750370.

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In this study, we consider a three-echelon closed-loop supply chain consisting of a manufacturer, a collector, and two duopolistic recyclers. In the supply chain, the collector collects end-of-life products from consumers in the market. Then, both recyclers purchase the recyclable waste from the collector, and each recycler turns them into new materials. The manufacturer has no recycling facilities; therefore, the manufacturer only purchases the recycled and new materials for its production from the two recyclers. Under this scenario, price competition between recyclers is inevitable. With two pricing structures (Nash and Stackelberg) of the leaders group and three competition behaviors (Collusion, Cournot, and Stackelberg) of the followers group, we suggest six different pricing game models. In each of them, we establish a pricing game model among the members, prove the uniqueness of the equilibrium prices of the supply chain members, and discuss the effects of competition on the overall supply chain’s profitability. Our numerical experiment indicates that as the price competition between recyclers intensifies, the supply chain profitability decreases. Moreover, the greater the recyclability degree of the waste is, the higher the profits in the supply chain become.

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Li, Shao Xiang, Zhao Feng Wang, Wen Qian Li, Gui Zhong Zhou, and Guang Zhao Liu. "Characterization of Recycled Cemented Carbide and the Raw Materials." Advanced Materials Research 852 (January 2014): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.852.173.

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Nowadays, a large quantity of cemented carbide is being consumed, and the amount of scrap cemented carbide is increasing year by year. In this paper, crystal morphology, element content and phase structure of the recycled cobalt powder as well as recycled tungsten carbide powder were characterized by SEM, EDS and XRD. Hardness of the prepared W-Co alloy using recycled cobalt powder and recycled tungsten carbide powder as the raw materials was tested by Rockwell apparatus. Through analysis of these results, the existing problems in recycling of scrap cemented carbide emerged. As for recycling of scrap cemented carbide, the research results can provide theoretical basis for improvement of recycling technology and process control technology.

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Abd Razak, Jeefferie, A. R. Toibah, M. Yaakob Yuhazri, Bin Abd Rashid Mohd Warikh, Nooririnah Binti Omar, M. M. Haidir, Haeryip Sihombing, and J. Ramli. "Tensile and Impact Properties Evaluation for Enviro-Recycled Wood Plastic Composite of PP/r-WF." Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (March 2011): 2082–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.2082.

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The potential of recycled wood flour (r-WF) addition to the thermoplastics polypropylene (PP) matrix for the composites in structural application is evaluated. The effects of different r-WF loading to the tensile and impact mechanical structural properties are analyzed. Two types of polypropylene resin which are the virgin and the recycled resin and recycled wood flour as reinforcement materials are utilized as raw materials in the composites fabrication. Various mechanical testing was conducted in accordance to ASTM standard, to study the behavior of the composites mechanical properties to the applied load. The best compounding formulation of enviro-recycled composite was found at 60wt% of PP matrix and 40wt% of the wood flour addition for both of virgin and recycle matrix. Overall experimental results showed that, the increasing of r-WF loading had significantly increased the mechanical properties of produced composite which is suitable to be applied in the application of structural engineering, through the advantage of mechanical properties performance in tensile and impact behavior. Conclusively, this finding is hoped to lead for contribution in the development of newly advanced material that is environmental friendly for the use of structural application.

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Parra, J. B., C. O. Ania, A. Arenillas, F. Rubiera, J. M. Palacios, and J. J. Pis. "Materiales carbonosos obtenidos a partir del reciclado de PET." Boletín de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio 43, no. 2 (April 30, 2004): 547–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/cyv.2004.v43.i2.1043.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Recycled materials'

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