Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Récupération et gestion d'energie'
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Guigue, Sébastien. "Développement, intégration et prototypage d'un noeud-capteur autonome à récupération d’énergie pour réseaux de capteurs sans fil." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0082.
There has been an upsurge in the number of connected devices in the IoT(Internetof Things) context. The multiplication of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) lead toan increase of the number of batteries and of waste generated. In a context of green electronics, the development of self-sustained circuits supplied with energy harvesting has to be managed.Chapter I will give an overview of wireless sensor networks, including a brief history these systems, the different fields of application, the challenges and some possible solutions to overcome these issues.Chapter II will present the design of a custom Microcontroller Unit (MCU) which runs the WSN with a minimum power consumption. The architecture of the microcontroller,the instruction set, the interfacing and all the design choices will be presented.Chapter III describes the design of a Wake-Up Radio (WuRx), an always-on circuit which switches on the WSN when a request is sent. The choice for the architecture of each block Will be explained, while detailing the different aspects of each block.The blocks areas follows : An envelope detector for data reception ;A comparator for data demodulation ; An oscillator to provide a clock for the system ; A correlator to compare the received message with a reference,; A current source to provide temperature robustness.Chapter IV provides an analysis of the entire wireless sensor node. An estimation of the node autonomy is presented and a comparison with a node designed with market components is presented. Perspectives of improvement for future works will also be presented
Haraoubia, Mohamed Amine. "Modelisation - Optimisation et Supervision de la Gestion d'Energie pour une Installation Multisources." Thesis, Reims, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REIMS022.
The main objective of this thesis is to size and optimise the production of a small renewable energy installation in a remote isolated area. In order to determine the size of the installation a study of the site capacities and the type of energy to be used must be carried out. A program is set in order to minimize the cost of a hybrid wind and solar energy installation in different sites. The next step is the optimisation of the energy production of each of these systems individually using a fuzzy logic controller to track the maximum power point. This technique is based on the direct approach, mimicking the Perturb & Observe algorithm and overcoming its limitations, such as oscillation around the MPP.The FLC requires fine tuning to maximise its efficiency, therefore it is combined with different optimisation algorithms to set the membership function and modify the rules. Five approaches were tested: type one fuzzy logic was combined first with genetic algorithm, second with particle swarm optimisation, the third approach applied type two fuzzy logic and then combined it with the same optimisation algorithms as previously used, for the final two approaches. The last part of this work introduces a fuzzy logic based supervisor that is adapted for an isolated remote hybrid PV Wind installation, to obtain an optimal functioning of the system according to the changes in atmospheric conditions and energy demand, taking into account the state of charge of the batteries and energy overflow dissipation. Simulations are run for all of the systems to show their efficiency and effectiveness
Peralez, Johan. "Récupération d'énergie par cycle de Rankine à bord d'un véhicule : commande et gestion énergétique." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10024/document.
More than 30% of the energy produced by internal combustion engines (ICE) is dissipated as heat through the exhaust gases. The interest of manufacturers in heat recovery systems based on the thermodynamic Rankine cycle is justified by announced reductions in fuel consumption ranging from 5 and 10% depending on the system and the driving cycle. The aim of this thesis is to help remove the main barriers associated with supervising and controlling Rankine processes for ≪ mobile ≫ applications. This dissertation is based on three study cases, each corresponding to a pilot process installed in engine test benches at IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN). These are applications to be integrated respectively on board light-duty vehicles with spark-ignition engine, heavy-duty trucks and trains with Diesel-electric propulsion. An original nonlinear (model-based) control law for the temperature and the pressure tracking at the evaporator outlet is proposed. It is shown experimentally that the system can be maintained under conditions allowing continuous energy recovery, even during highly transient road cycles. Then the supervision of Rankine systems is addressed, resulting in the choice of optimal set-points (in term of energy management) for the low-level controller. An optimal control problem is formulated, allowing online implementation via dynamic real-time optimization.The proposed approach is validated on a realistic simulator, showing significant benefits in the amount of energy recovered when compared with the classical (static) approach found in Rankine cycle literature
Christmann, Jean-frédéric. "Architecture d'alimentation à récupération d'énergie et gestion évenementielle pour les systèmes de capteurs communicants autonomes." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00935154.
Christmann, Jean-Frédéric. "Architecture d'alimentation à récupération d'énergie et gestion évenementielle pour les systèmes de capteurs communicants autonomes." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENT019/document.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) development leverages recent progress in electronic devices power consumption and in energy harvesting technologies in order to create smart sensing structures useful for improvements in various topics such as health monitoring or farming. Thanks to wireless communication circuits lower power consumption, it becomes possible to create networks of sensing systems capable of extracting information from the environment and of transmitting data through the network to the global intelligence. Because of hard and costly maintenance requirements, limited lifespans batteries are a brake on such networks development. Thanks to environmental energy harvesting on solar, thermal or mechanical sources, a system containing sensors and a wireless communication circuit can be powered. Global energy autonomy is thus improved and the node's life is enhanced. Works done during this PhD aim to study energy management within a sensing wireless communicating node. Thanks to the use of advanced multiple power paths architecture leveraging direct power path between the sources and the power loads, the power management system can optimize its energy efficiency when energy is harvested in the environment. Nevertheless, a precise digital control is mandatory to continuously determine the best power path between the energy harvesters, the energy storing capacitors and batteries, and the power loads. An integrated asynchronous controller implements an event-driven management of the power paths and gives the system robustness to environmental energy variations. After modeling and analyzing the power efficiency gain granted by the advanced architecture, an event-driven controller is proposed to ease implementation of wireless sensing applications. The controller is implemented in asynchronous quasi delay insensitive (QDI) logic and presents high intrinsic robustness to environemental variations while maintaining ultra low power consumption. A power management circuit suited for wireless sensing systems is thus fabricated using 180nm CMOS process and includes both architecture and digital management innovations. Its global power consumption close to 1µW allows considering the creation of wireless sensing nodes running for applications in the range of microwatts, consequently enabling development of ultra low power wireless sensor networks
Paire, Damien. "Dimensionnement et gestion d'énergie de systèmes d'entraînements électriques hybrides : application à un ascenseur avec récupération d'énergie." Phd thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2010. https://theses.hal.science/docs/00/59/89/75/PDF/Paire_Damien_These_UTBM.pdf.
Given the current energy challenges, hybrid power systems present an interesting asset for better energy efficiency especially in the use of renewable energy sources. These kinds of systems combine several sources in order to supply correctly the load. With a proper control strategy, we can take advantage of each source according to their characteristics so as to manage the entire system. In addition, for traction systems, it is possible to recover energy during different operating phases thanks to power electronic, instead of dissipating this energy in heat. The present study was applied to an elevator system fed by several sources. The first part of this thesis outlines energy problems and focuses on the savings on lifts in European Union. Then, the general structure of hybrid power systems is introduced with application examples. In the second part, the design of the system was led to meet the specifications of real elevators in terms of performance. However, for this study, we have added to this system different energy sources and the possibility of recovering energy. The modeling of the overall system has been carried in order to develop a control strategy for this hybrid system. After encouraging simulation results, an experimental platform was built to validate the control strategy on a real system. Experimentations have been performed successfully. The control is implemented with the rapid prototyping tool, dSPACE that allows to modify easily the strategies. This platform is therefore a complete tool for controlling hybrid electric systems in order to apply different energy management strategies
Paire, Damien. "Dimensionnement et gestion d'énergie de systèmes d'entraînements électriques hybrides : application à un ascenseur avec récupération d'énergie." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00598975.
Mehdary, Adil. "Développement d'outils de contrôle et d’analyse pour l'optimisation et la gestion de l'énergie pour système multiénergie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4300.
The objective of this work is to design and develop tools for monitoring and control systems with variable structures with multiple energy sources (wind, solar, ...). The proposed approach aims to develop appropriate models for the control and management of each part of the system. The different models take into account of the random nature of the production of energy outcome from different available sources, while ensuring optimum overall management of system. The main advantage of this system is the coexistence of resources and storage system in order to secure the supply to the consumer. The thesis deals with three main phases: a phase of modeling and implementation of controls, followed by a simulation phase and a phase of validation and testing. So the model of each subsystem production was developed with consideration of its different characteristics (physical and geometrical), for the control section conventional approaches were applied automatically to ensure the maximization of the production, the stability of the assembly and the functioning of the system. for the part concerning the management and control, conventional approaches in automatic have been applied to ensure the maximization of production, the stability of the overall system and its proper functioning. Once control strategies validated, we have processed in simulations Hardware In the Loop, by implementing strategies to maximize energy on the benchmark in real time, using a DSPACE1104 card, then we assembled the different sources of energy by coupling them through the program of energy management proposed and developed
Sadoun, Redha. "Intérêt d'une Source d'Energie Electrique Hybride pour véhicule électrique urbain - dimensionnement et tests de cyclage." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00980484.
Monthéard, Romain. "Récupération d'énergie aéroacoustique et thermique pour capteurs sans fil embarqués sur avion." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAT0026/document.
This work adresses the issue of energy autonomy within wirelesssensor networks embedded in aircrafts, which may be solved throughambient energy harvesting and storage. In a first study, we develop a demonstratorbased on thermal gradients energy harvesting, which is designedto supply power to a structural health monitoring system implementednear the engine zone. Thereafter, we introduce a capacitive storagearchitecture which self-adapts to its own state of charge, aiming at improvingits performance in terms of startup time, the energy utilization ratioand under some conditions, the energy transfer. Finally, we report the resultsof a prospective study on aeroacoustic energy harvesting appliedto the relative wind. It is shown that this method exhibits an interestingpotential in terms of generated power, then we introduce the design andthe realization of an optimized energy management circuit, allowing ourtechnique to supply power to a wireless temperature sensor
Lossec, Marianne. "Systèmes multisources de récupération d'énergie dans l'environnement humain : modélisation et optimisation du dimensionnement." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00618233.
MACIEL, KAEHLER JOSE WAGNER. "Un outil d'aide a la decision et de gestion des actions pour la maitrise de la demande d'energie de la conception au developpement." Paris, ENMP, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ENMP0412.
Decouchant, Dominique. "Partage et migration de l'information dans un système réparti à objets." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00324431.
Giraud, Loïc. "Modélisation dynamique et gestion avancée de réseaux de chaleur." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT111.
District Heating (DH) are currently fast-growing in France. This situation is explained by their ability to exploit and disseminate massively, at a reasonable price, energy sources with low CO2 contents in the sectors of space heating and domestic hot water production, nowadays strongly emitters of greenhouse gases. Improving the control of these complex energy systems is a key issue for increasing their competitiveness and promote their development.This thesis focuses on the optimal control of DH systems. For this application, we have developed and tested an algorithm that optimizes, given a load prediction, the use of the production means, the supply temperature and the differential pressure. Compared to existing methods, the original features of the developed solution are to fully exploit the thermal storage capacity of the network and to determine the best compromise between costs for pumping and heat losses.This thesis begins with a work on dynamic modeling carried out at the component scale. Based on an experimental validation approach, we systematically sought the best compromise between accuracy and computational efficiency (Chapter 1). The case study, described in Chapter 2, is a virtual DH at the district scale, representing the Grenoble case. For the development of the advanced control system, we then present a linearized version of the distribution network model that we integrate into an optimizer relying on Mixed Linear Programming. The proposed control algorithm is described in Chapter 3. It combines a nonlinear dynamic model and the aforementioned optimizer. The topic of the fourth chapter is the evaluation of the performance of our algorithm by simulation and comparison with existing methods of control. A final chapter examines the robustness of the algorithm in real control conditions considering various sources of uncertainty
Neyns, Valérie. "Les modalités du contrôle cognitif en situation dynamique : anticipation et gestion des dérives : le cas de l'anesthésie." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00628433.
Beauchêne, Solène. "Le Smart Thermogène Grid ® : étude des potentiels de récupération, de stockage et de redistribution des énergies fatales et renouvelables, optimisation et gestion d’un système intelligent intégrant l’ensemble des énergies disponibles dans le bâtiment." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EMAC0002/document.
The goal of the SThG® project is to recycle, to store and to manage unavoidable and renewable energies in the residential building. The aim of the work performed is to fill the lack of research on global sizing of systems, which is a barrier to the evolution of the energy balance of the building. Indeed, available tools are not adapted to make optimized choices and to size systems as they are very time-consuming. That is why an alternative model has been found. This work can be divided into two main steps. The first one, consists in doing a simplified model of a building and its systems. The second one in applying optimization to have the best choice and the better sizing of those systems according to energy and economic criterions. To solve this problem a model has been developed and two blocks can be identified. The first block is composed of two main points: the establishment of a physical model and the physical optimization. First, a macroscopic model of a building and its systems (recovery, storage and generation) has been created. This model is as much as generic as possible in order to represent a huge part of systems. But, it is also precise to ensure a good description of the real way they work and to allow the link to systems after the physical optimization during block two. Secondly, a Global Pattern Search optimization is used to find the best physical solution according to the constraints of the situation. The second block permits to find solutions in a discrete data basis of systems. These two blocks allow a durability of the tool, indeed the mechanism of optimization depends on the physical model. It will be possible to enrich the data basis of the second block without reconsidering the first one. Thanks to this work, a consistent choice and sizing of systems can be found
Jneid, Khoder. "Apprentissage par Renforcement Profond pour l'Optimisation du Contrôle et de la Gestion des Bâtiment." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023GRALM062.
Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems account for high energy consumption in buildings. Conventional approaches used to control HVAC systems rely on rule-based control (RBC) that consists of predefined rules set by an expert. Model-predictive control (MPC), widely explored in literature, is not adopted in the industry since it is a model-based approach that requires to build models of the building at the first stage to be used in the optimization phase and thus is time-consuming and expensive. During the PhD, we investigate reinforcement learning (RL) to optimize the energy consumption of HVAC systems while maintaining good thermal comfort and good air quality. Specifically, we focus on model-free RL algorithms that learn through interaction with the environment (building including the HVAC) and thus not requiring to have accurate models of the environment. In addition, online approaches are considered. The main challenge of an online model-free RL is the number of days that are necessary for the algorithm to acquire enough data and actions feedback to start acting properly. Hence, the research subject of the PhD is boosting model-free RL algorithms to converge faster to make them applicable in real-world applications, HVAC control. Two approaches have been explored during the PhD to achieve our objective: the first approach combines RBC with value-based RL, and the second approach combines fuzzy rules with policy-based RL. Both approaches aim to boost the convergence of RL by guiding the RL policy but they are completely different. The first approach exploits RBC rules during training while in the second approach, the fuzzy rules are injected directly into the policy. Tests areperformed on a simulated office during winter. This simulated office is a replica of a real office at Grenoble INP
Tall, Ndiogou. "Etude et réalisation de circuits de récupération d'horloge et de données analogiques et numériques pour des applications bas débit et très faible consommation." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4717.
Clock and data recovery circuits are required in many wireless communication systems. This thesis is about development of such circuits with: firstly, the realization, in HCMOS9 0.13 μm of STMICROELECTRONICS technology, of 1 and 54 Mb/s analog CDR circuits, and secondly, the implementation of programmable digital circuits at low rates. In the aim of an impulse UWB transceiver dealing with video transmission, a CDR circuit at 54 Mb/s rate has been realized to provide clock signal synchronously with narrow pulses (their duration is about a few nanoseconds) from the energy detector. Another CDR circuit has been built at 1 Mb/s rate in a non-coherent IR- UWB receiver power management context. Both circuits have been implemented as 3rd order analog PLL. In this work, a phase comparator suitable for “RZ low duty cycle” data from the energy detector has been proposed. Circuits have been sized to obtain very good performances in terms of jitter and power consumption. Particularly, measured performances of the 1 Mb/s CDR circuit allow to plan an efficient power management (a decrease of more than 97% of the receiver total power consumption). In the context of a telemetry system from aircraft to ground, two digital CDR circuits have also been implemented. A second order digital PLL has been adopted in order to provide synchronous clock and data to an SOQPSK digital transmitter. Also, a digital ELGS circuit has been proposed to work in a PCM/FM receiver. For both CDR structures, the input signal rate is programmable and varies globally from 1 to 30 Mb/s
Dossou-Yovo, Koffi. "Gouvernance et contrat psychologique en contexte clanique : cas de la Société Béninoise d'Energie Electrique (SBEE) et du Conseil National des Chargeurs du Bénin (CNCB), deux entreprises publiques." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CNAM1113/document.
This thesis is an understanding of the recurring transgression of testing the framework of "good governance" imposed by the World Bank, opposite the finding of bad results Beninese public enterprises (former Dahomey). So it tries to answer a question: why are the mechanisms established, procedures and rules constantly violated in the public sector? Answering this question captures the causes of the remoteness of used performance businesses, in this context, from the perspective of socio-economic efficiency, user-customers satisfaction and good use of resources. This research is based on the idea that management practices must be part of the socio-cultural context and mobilizes the notion of clan as providing the basis for the formation of the suppliers and employees psychological contract of public companies in public procurement on the one hand, and employment relationships on the other. This promotes the context of transgressions of "good governance". There has been talk of exploring, SBEE and CNCB, if the clan logic based or not psychological contracts, prone transgressions, what separates these companies from performance.From Interviews conducted with stakeholders in public procurement (suppliers, internal organs award to the company) and employment relations (personal, leaders), operation of the documents collected within companies and narration of observed facts, it appears that the public company is represented as a clan. Also coexist political, ethnic and family clans as the "adoptive paternalism" whose action logics include transgressions involving the misuse of public resources and the dissatisfaction of the users-customers. However, the clan is not exclusive. The perception of public enterprises by the various stakeholders as well as the good faith of people, eager to bring their expertise to get out of unemployment, determine the psychological contracts. It happens, in general, that the psychological contract is subject to rupture, which is the source of great disappointment. This may not be definitive. With a fight of strength, hope or the advent of a new director, their former expectations / promises can be restored, corresponding to a recovery of the psychological contract. The performance of public enterprises is first of all, clanic. But, looking for the satisfaction of physiological needs by honest work is poorly exploited. The remoteness of public enterprises performance is enhanced by a set of converging factors including the clan, company representation as "a godsend to distribute" then search for job security in an unemployment context and particularly the fear of unemployment. On the factors listed above, what are the solutions to the transgressions? - First, the decline of the state of governance of public enterprises through the integration of outside directors, although not participating in their capital. - It is impossible to exclude the clan logic. However, the organizational rules must be implemented and the common goals of performance must be set and achieved together. - Develop the new rules on the principle of inclusiveness, ensure their proper dissemination / internalization and collective monitoring of their implementation. - Focus on work values and contribution to the nation. As perspective, research on the performance of public enterprises is based on the reality of the clan and representations help to better define the objectives to make them feasible
Sokhn, Maria. "Plateforme de recherche basée d'information multimédia guidée par une ontologie dans une architecture paire à paire." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00678039.
Yang, Furong. "De l'échec perçu du service à l'intention de comportement : le rôle de l’attribution et des attentes de compensation sur la satisfaction : une étude empirique dans l'hôtellerie chinoise." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAG004.
In the hospitality industry, service failures are almost inevitable. To avoid the undesirable consequences, researchers and practitioners have concentrated on the effectiveness of failure recovery. Despite that various of research models exist in empirical studies, customer behaviors like exiting or spreading negative WOM even after recovery efforts remain unsolved.As an attempt to answer the research question:In the hospitality industry of China, to which extent satisfaction recovery can be explained by client attributions and expectations (dis)confirmation? Why do customers who accept service recovery still leave the service provider or do something that is not good for the service provider? This dissertation proposes a conceptual model based on attribution theory, expectation-disconfirmation paradigm, justice theory. It relies on two key concepts (customer attribution and recovery expectation), and displays five hypotheses in three set of relationships: (1) the influences of service failure on customer attribution, the influences of customer attribution on recovery expectation and, the influences of service failure on recovery expectation; (2) the influences of the difference between customer recovery expectation and obtained recovery on customer satisfaction after recovery; (3) the influences of customer satisfaction after recovery on behavioral intention. And then, according to “matching hypothesis”, we explore the relationship between the type of service failure and the type of customer recovery expectation; and find some mismatch between recovery expectations and obtained.To achieve research objectives, we targeted customers who claimed to have had unpleasant experiences with hotels in the past six months. By means of an online questionnaire, we have collected 318 valid responses and analyzed the data with SPSS25.0. The results show that (1) customer attribution statistically significantly mediates the effects of service failure on recovery expectation; (2) the difference between recovery expectation and obtained recovery affects satisfaction after recovery; (3) customer satisfaction after recovery affects behavioral intentions; (4) types of recovery expectation are influenced by types of service failure; (5) obtained recovery differs from recovery expectation to some extent, mainly because of “hotels not giving appropriate compensations” or “customers receiving undesired compensations” – such “mismatch” or “difference” affects the effectiveness of failure recovery and customer satisfaction after recovery.The findings provide insights for marketing academics and industry practitioners to better understand the role of customer attribution and recovery expectation in service failure and service recovery process. Therefore, more localized and more satisfying marketing strategies are to be expected in the Chinese market