Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rectum

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Rectum'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Rectum"

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REZENDE JUNIOR, Herminio Cabral de, Rogério Tadeu PALMA, Giovanna Canato TOLOI, Carlos Augusto Real MARTINEZ, and Jaques WAISBERG. "CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN LEVELS IN THE PERIPHERAL AND MESENTERIC VENOUS BLOOD OF PATIENTS WITH RECTAL CARCINOMA." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 50, no. 4 (December 2013): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032013000400005.

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ContextThe serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is an important prognostic factor in colorectal cancer, however the rectum presents different routes of venous drainage, stating that the level of CEA in peripheral and mesenteric rectal tumors may be different, depending on the location of the tumor in the rectal segment.ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the peripheral and mesenteric venous levels of CEA and the association between these levels and the tumour location in the rectums of patients successfully operated on for rectal carcinoma.MethodsThirty-two patients who were surgically treated for rectal carcinoma were divided into patients with tumours located in the upper rectum (n = 11) or lower rectum (n = 21). The CEA values were assessed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Serum and mesenteric CEA levels were associated with the tumour anatomopathological characteristics: location, histological type, cellular differentiation grade, depth of invasion into the rectal wall, angiolymphatic invasion, tumour, node, and metastasis staging; and the CEA index (≤1.0 or ≥1.0 ng /mL).ResultsAnalysis of the serum CEA values using clinical and anatomopathological parameters revealed no significant association with tumour location, histological type, cellular differentiation grade, depth of invasion into the intestinal wall, and tumour, node, and metastasis staging. The mesenteric CEA levels were significantly associated with the tumour location (P = 0.01). The CEA values in the mesenteric venous blood and the presence of angiolymphatic invasion (P = 0.047) were significantly different. A significant relationship was found between the CEA index value and the rectal tumour location (P = 0.0001).ConclusionsThe CEA levels were higher in the mesenteric vein in tumours located in the upper rectum and in the presence of angiolymphatic invasion. CEA drainage from lower rectum adenocarcinomas preferentially occurs through the systemic pathway.
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Shafik, Ahmed, and Olfat El-Sibai. "Effect of Magnetic Stimulation on the Contractile Activity of the Rectum in Humans." American Surgeon 66, no. 5 (May 2000): 491–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480006600513.

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Magnetic stimulation (MS) has been used to activate the neuromuscular tissue by inducing an electric field. Based on the results of a recent study on a canine model (Eur Surg Res 1998;30:268–72), which demonstrated that sacral MS effected a rectal and vesical pressure rise and a drop of rectal neck (anal canal) pressure, thereby achieving evacuation, the test was performed on 28 healthy volunteers (mean age, 36.6 years; 18 men and 10 women). The rectal, rectal neck, and vesical pressures were recorded during sacral MS with a magnetic coil while the rectum was empty and distended by a balloon. Electromyographic activity of the two rectus abdominis muscles was determined to exclude the possible interference of intra-abdominal pressure with the MS recordings. Stimulation parameters were set at 70 per cent intensity, 40-Hz frequency, and 1-to 2-second burst length. Sacral MS effected significant rectal and vesical pressure rise ( P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively) and drop of rectal neck pressure ( P < 0.01). Intermittent stimulation induced balloon expulsion from the rectum. The two rectus abdominis muscles did not show change in electromyographic activity during MS, indicating that the rectal and vesical pressure rise was not due to increased intra-abdominal pressure. Sacral MS induced rectal evacuation with no adverse effects. The method is simple, easy, safe, and noninvasive and is suggested to be applied for the treatment of the inertic or neuropathic rectum. As the vesical pressure proved to be elevated too, MS might also be used for rectal and vesical evacuation in patients with spinal cord lesions.
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Goldsmid, S. E., C. R. Bellenger, P. R. Hopwood, and J. T. Rothwell. "Colorectal blood supply in dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 54, no. 11 (November 1, 1993): 1948–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1993.54.11.1948.

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Summary To determine blood supply in the area, dye or radioopaque contrast material was injected into the named arteries supplying the terminal colon and recturn in 10 dogs. The cranial rectal artery appeared to supply most of the blood to the terminal colon and rectum. The middle and caudal rectal arteries supplied variable and relatively insignificant amounts. The intrapelvic rectum had a less adequate blood supply than did the terminal colon or proximal rectum. A ventral midline laparotomy and pubic osteotomy were performed in an additional 11 dogs to provide access to the terminal colon and rectum. When the cranial rectal artery was ligated and the coloreetal junction was transected and anastomosed, the intrapelvic rectum developed marked congestion, edema, and discoloration. Rectal fluorescence, after iv administration of fluorescein, was either poor or absent. Histologically, partial- to full-thickness mucosai necrosis was evident in most tissue specimens taken from the rectum, and muscle necrosis was evident in some. These findings suggest that, in dogs, the cranial rectal artery should be preserved if at all possible and, if the cranial rectal artery is ligated, most of the intrapelvic rectum should be resected to ensure adequate blood supply to the anastomosis.
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Umamaheswar Rao, O., and M. Chinna Eswaraiah. "Screening and evaluation of ethanolic extract from Casuarina equisetifolia inflorescence on isolated chick rectum, frog rectum and frog rectus abdominus muscle for identification of muscarinic and nicotinic receptor’s action." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 6-s (December 15, 2018): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6-s.2068.

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The present experiments were undertaken to justify the use of an ethanolic extract from inflorescence of Casuarina equisetifolia, Family: Casuarinaceae, influencing the nicotine responses on isolated chick rectum and frog rectum (Smooth Muscles) and frog rectus abdominus muscle (Skeletal Muscle). The isolated tissues were mounted in organ bath filled with physiological solution and was suitably aerated. After equilibration, responses were taken to different doses of nicotine (log doses) till a ceiling response was obtained. A sub-maximal dose of nicotine was selected and responses to this dose was taken and ensured that there is reproducibility of response. The drum was allowed to move for 1min., different concentrations of extracts into the organ baths were added and allowed to act for 1min without flushing the baths, then the sub-maximal dose of nicotine was added and allowed to act for 1min. this procedure was repeated (without extract) till the original response was obtained. The inference drawn from these experiments, the ethanolic extract of inflorescence of Casuarina equisetifolia antagonised the action of nicotine on isolated chick rectum, relaxed the effect of nicotine on frog rectum and it potentiated the effect of nicotine on frog rectus abdominus muscle. The nicotine receptors of rectus abdominus is activated, perhaps by the prevention of hydrolysis of acetylcholine by the extract. Based on the results obtained from the isolated chick rectum the ethanolic extract is having antinicotinic activity and it may act on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) as well as muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) on other isolated tissues. The extract might contain ganglionic blocking activity or non-specific activity or membrane stabilising activity also. Keywords: Nicotine, Ethanolic extract, Inflorescence of Casuarina equisetifolia, Isolated Chick Rectum, Isolated Frog Rectum and Isolated Frog Rectus Abdominus Muscle.
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von Breitenbuch, Philipp, Pompiliu Piso, and Hans J. Schlitt. "Safety of rectum anastomosis after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy." Journal of Surgical Oncology 118, no. 3 (September 2018): 551–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jso.25189.

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AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn highly selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis, cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can be an aggressive but worthwhile treatment regimen. Resection of the rectosigmoid is frequently performed with CRS. The aim of the study was to assess the safety of the rectal anastomosis in this setting.MethodsBetween 2005 and 2016, 436 patients underwent CRS/HIPEC. Clinical data were analyzed with respect to the morbidity associated with a rectum resection.ResultsIn 436 patients, 174 rectum resections (40%) were performed with CRS, including 149 anterior resections of the rectosigmoid, 23 low anterior rectum resections, and 2 abdominoperineal rectum excisions. A total of 141 rectum anastomoses were performed; 33 patients received a permanent ostomy, and 48 patients received a protective ileostomy. After changing the operation technique of the rectum anastomosis, the number of protective ileostomies decreased from 65% to 20%. The overall postoperative morbidity was 31%. Rectal anastomotic leakages were seen in only 5% of cases.ConclusionsAnastomotic leakages of the rectum are rarely seen after CRS/HIPEC. HIPEC performed immediately after surgery seems to have no negative effect on the rectum anastomosis. Performing rectum anastomoses after CRS/ HIPEC appears to be a safe procedure.
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Vukas Radulovic, Nina, Maria Bullarbo, and Erling Ekerhovd. "A Case of Chronic Ectopic Pregnancy Manifested by Rectal Bleeding." Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2017 (2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5974590.

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Ectopic pregnancy resulting in perforation of the rectum and rectal bleeding is clinically rare. We report an extremely rare case of chronic ectopic pregnancy with decreasing low levels of serum β-HCG resulting in rectal bleeding. A 31-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 3, with moderate abdominal pain and rectal bleeding was diagnosed with a tubal pregnancy. The tube was adherent to the rectum. Following salpingo-oophorectomy, the perforation of the rectum was sutured. Biopsies from the rectum as well as the tube confirmed chronic ectopic pregnancy. This case illustrates that diagnosing ectopic pregnancy is sometimes extremely challenging and it underlines the importance of follow-up consultations when the final diagnosis has not yet been reached.
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Fabrizio, Piro, Cosentino Daria, Piro Ugo, Tocci Gabriella, and Marafioti Luigi. "Preventing Rectal Toxicity in Prostate Cancer: Diet and Supplement Alternative to Enemas or Rectal Spacer." IgMin Research 2, no. 3 (March 27, 2024): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.61927/igmin161.

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Background: Rectal toxicity is an important side effect of prostate cancer irradiation affecting 25% of patients. The role of dosimetric variables has a set of dose-volume constraints and curves to estimate the risk of rectal damage. The rectum position at the time of CT planning is different from the position during radiotherapy. Three methods are available to achieve optimal rectum position: enema; prostate cancer spacer; fiber-/fat-free diet. Methods: A 70.2 Gray radiation divided into 26 hypo-fractions was administered to 115 patients with prostate cancer by VMAT referred to a single center in Italy. To empty the rectum, all patients were administered a fiber-/fat-free diet and those with Eating Disorders (ED) were also added with activated charcoal (2 tablets/day) and a macrogol-based medical device (2 sachets/day). During treatment, the volumetric amount of rectum in the target was measured by comparing control-CT with simulation-CT, and acute toxicity was also checked. Results: The rectum position during control-CT in diet-only patients (29) predicted toxicity recorded during treatment, while in the ED group rectum position was adherent to position during simulations. Rectal volume target > 0.25 cc receiving a dose > V70 caused acute G3 toxicity that attenuated or worsened with rectal displacement. Acute rectal toxicity occurred in 6/29 (20.68%) patients (1 G3, 5 G1) in the diet-only group, while only in 1/86 (1.16%) patients (G1) in the ED group. No chronic toxicity was recorded in either group. Conclusion: Prostate cancer patients treated with VMAT, diet, charcoal, and macrogol emptied the rectum optimally and reduced incidence and severity of acute rectal toxicity, also with benefit on late toxicity.
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Costales-Carrera, Alba, Asunción Fernández-Barral, Pilar Bustamante-Madrid, Orlando Domínguez, Laura Guerra-Pastrián, Ramón Cantero, Luis del Peso, Aurora Burgos, Antonio Barbáchano, and Alberto Muñoz. "Comparative Study of Organoids from Patient-Derived Normal and Tumor Colon and Rectal Tissue." Cancers 12, no. 8 (August 15, 2020): 2302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12082302.

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Colon and rectal tumors, often referred to as colorectal cancer, show different gene expression patterns in studies that analyze whole tissue biopsies containing a mix of tumor and non-tumor cells. To better characterize colon and rectal tumors, we investigated the gene expression profile of organoids generated from endoscopic biopsies of rectal tumors and adjacent normal colon and rectum mucosa from therapy-naive rectal cancer patients. We also studied the effect of vitamin D on these organoid types. Gene profiling was performed by RNA-sequencing. Organoids from a normal colon and rectum had a shared gene expression profile that profoundly differed from that of rectal tumor organoids. We identified a group of genes of the biosynthetic machinery as rectal tumor organoid-specific, including those encoding the RNA polymerase II subunits POLR2H and POLR2J. The active vitamin D metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3/calcitriol upregulated stemness-related genes (LGR5, LRIG1, SMOC2, and MSI1) in normal rectum organoids, while it downregulated differentiation marker genes (TFF2 and MUC2). Normal colon and rectum organoids share similar gene expression patterns and respond similarly to calcitriol. Rectal tumor organoids display distinct and heterogeneous gene expression profiles, with differences with respect to those of colon tumor organoids, and respond differently to calcitriol than normal rectum organoids.
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Spencer, Nick J., Aoife Kerrin, Vladimir P. Zagorodnyuk, Grant W. Hennig, Melodie Muto, Simon J. Brookes, and Orla McDonnell. "Identification of functional intramuscular rectal mechanoreceptors in aganglionic rectal smooth muscle from piebald lethal mice." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 294, no. 4 (April 2008): G855—G867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00502.2007.

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The mechanosensitive endings of low-threshold, slowly adapting pelvic afferents that innervate the rectum have been previously identified as rectal intraganglionic laminar endings (rIGLEs) that lie within myenteric ganglia. We tested whether the aganglionic rectum of piebald-lethal (sl/sl) mice lacks rIGLEs and whether this could explain impaired distension-evoked reflexes from this region. Extracellular recordings were made from fine rectal nerves in C57BL/6 wild-type and sl/sl mice, combined with anterograde labeling. In C57BL/6 mice, graded circumferential stretch applied to the rectum activated graded increases in firing of slowly adapting rectal mechanoreceptors. In sl/sl mice, graded stretch of the aganglionic rectum activated similar graded increases in rectal afferent firing. Stretch-sensitive afferents responded at low mechanical thresholds and fired more intensely at noxious levels of stretch. They could also be activated by probing their receptive fields with von Frey hairs and by muscle contraction. Anterograde labeling from recorded rectal nerves identified the mechanoreceptors of muscular afferents in the aganglionic rectal smooth muscle. A population of afferents were also recorded in both C57BL/6 and sl/sl mice that were activated by von Frey hair probing, but not stretch. In summary, the aganglionic rectum is innervated by a population of stretch-sensitive rectal afferent mechanoreceptor which develops and functions in the absence of any enteric ganglia. These results suggest that in patients with Hirschsprung's disease the inability to activate extrinsic distension reflexes from the aganglionic rectum is unlikely to be due to the absence of stretch-sensitive extrinsic mechanoreceptors.
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D'Sa, Saskia, Charmaine Mziray-Andrew, and Prashanth Porayette. "An Unusual Case of Gastric Heterotopia Presenting as Rectal Prolapse." ACG Case Reports Journal 11, no. 1 (January 2024): e01250. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/crj.0000000000001250.

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ABSTRACT Heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) involving the rectum is an uncommon finding. It is especially rare in young children. Rectal prolapse is an uncommon presentation of HGM. We report a case of HGM in the rectum of a 2-year-old previously healthy girl, who presented with rectal prolapse and painless bleeding. Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed to completely resect the lesion after the patient failed to respond to proton pump inhibitors. This case underscores the importance of considering HGM involving the rectum as a cause of rectal prolapse in young pediatric patients.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rectum"

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Lorin, Jean-Louis. "Place et limites du toucher rectal et du scanner dans le bilan préopératoire des cancers du bas rectum." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR23083.

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Duchamp, Christophe Bresler Laurent. "Le prolapsus total du rectum quel traitement à l'aube du XXIème siècle /." [S.l] : [s.n], 2003. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2003_DUCHAMP_CHRISTOPHE.pdf.

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Quillet, Christophe. "Prolapsus du rectum : promontofixation modifiée avec haubanage postérieur." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25176.

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Torkzad, Michael R. "Magnetic resonance imaging of rectum : diagnostic and therapy related aspects /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-734-0/.

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Mathiere, Sandrine. "La tuberculose ano-rectale : à propos d'une observation." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25134.

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Deghetto, Pierre-Marie. "Le cancer du rectum chez le sujet de moins de quarante ans." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11172.

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Kaci, Nacéra. "Apport de l'échographie endorectale dans le traitement conservateur des tumeurs du rectum : à propos de 31 patients opérés par électrorésection transanale." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25256.

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Davies, John McCartan Caswell. "Oxidative damage in the colon and rectum." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493554.

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There is considerable supportive evidence to suggest that increased levels of DNA damage are associated with an increased risk of developing neoplastic lesions in the human colon and rectum. Within this thesis, several different topics related to DNA damage were explored in detail, principally using the single cell gel electrophoresis assay (the comet assay) to measure DNA damage both in cell line studies and in human colorectal mucosal biopsies from patients undergoing routine endoscopic examinations of the colon and rectum.
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Castinel, Alain. "Troubles de la statique du rectum : expérience du service de proctologie de l'hôpital Bagatelle." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR23008.

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Veniat, Frédéric Frampas Eric. "Apport de l'imagerie dans le bilan pré-opératoire des troubles de la statique rectale." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/SPEveniat.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Rectum"

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E, Beck David, and Wexner Steven D, eds. Fundamentals of anorectal surgery. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1992.

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E, Beck David, and Wexner Steven D, eds. Fundamentals of anorectal surgery. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993.

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1947-, Boland C. Richard, ed. Colon, rectum, and anus. Philadelphia: Current Medicine, 1996.

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1988), World Postgraduate Surgical Week of the University of Milan (1st. Digestive surgery: Colon and rectum. Bologna: Monduzzi Editore, 1988.

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L, Cross Deborah, W. B. Saunders Company, and Elsevier Science Publishers, eds. Female genitalia, anus, and rectum. 2nd ed. [Philadelphia, Pa.]: Saunders Elsevier, 2008.

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M, Cohen Alfred, and Winawer Sidney J, eds. Cancer of the colon, rectum, and anus. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1995.

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Santhat, Nivatvongs, and Smith Lee E, eds. Neoplasms of the colon, rectum, and anus. 2nd ed. New York: Informa Healthcare, 2007.

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Randolph, Bailey H., and Snyder Michael J, eds. Ambulatory anorectal surgery. New York: Springer Verlag, 2000.

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Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, ed. Male genitalia, hernias, rectum, and prostate. 4th ed. [Philadelphia]: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005.

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van, Cutsem Eric, ed. Cancer of the colon and rectum. London: Baillière Tindall, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rectum"

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Bouvier, A. M., S. Boutreux, P. Delafosse, and J. Faivre. "Rectum." In Survie des patients atteints de cancer en France, 129–36. Paris: Springer Paris, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-39310-5_18.

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Ersöz, Cevriye Cansiz. "Rectum." In Encyclopedia of Pathology, 617–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1533.

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Leppla, Norman C., Bastiaan M. Drees, Allan T. Showler, John L. Capinera, Jorge E. Peña, Catharine M. Mannion, F. William Howard, et al. "Rectum." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 3110. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_3315.

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Lambregts, Doenja M. J., and Regina G. H. Beets-Tan. "Rectum." In Diffusion Weighted Imaging of the Gastrointestinal Tract, 65–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92819-7_5.

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Gourtsoyianni, Sofia, and Regina G. H. Beets-Tan. "Rectum." In Clinical MRI of the Abdomen, 481–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85689-4_21.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Rectum." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 470. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_8787.

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Staley, Charles A., and William C. Wood. "Rectum." In Anatomic Basis of Tumor Surgery, 409–42. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74177-0_9.

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Wannenmacher, Jens, and Stefan Willis. "Rectum." In Essentials of Visceral Surgery, 77–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-66735-4_4.

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Han, Ga-ram, Justin T. Brady, Mohamad B. Sonbol, and Vanessa P. Ho. "Rectum." In Oncologic Surgical Emergencies, 147–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36860-8_11.

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Morris, Stephen, Tom Roques, Shahreen Ahmad, and Suat Loo. "Rectum." In Practical Radiotherapy Planning, 305–17. 5th ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315171562-26.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rectum"

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Bisht, Jyoti, Ravi Kant, Meenu Gupta, Vipul Nautiyal, Saurabh Bansal, Sunil Saini, and Mushtaq Ahmad. "Dosimetric evaluation of sigmoidal and bowel doses in the treatment of carcinoma of cervix using CT based volumetric imaging technique." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685397.

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Purpose: Radiation therapy is the main stray for the treatment of the cervical cancer. Normal organs such as bladder, rectum, sigmoid colon and bowel loops also get significant dose during treatment of carcinoma of cervix which often results late toxicity. The purpose of this study is evaluate CT image based volumetric doses of organ at risk and correlate the doses with the toxicity profile observed in cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Sixty high dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy applications were performed in thirty patients of carcinoma of cervix. External beam therapy was planned for 46 Gy in 23 fractions followed by two brachytherapy sessions of 9 Gy/session. External beam radiotherapy was given by four field box technique to each patient. CT based treatment planning was done for each intracavitary brachytherapy application. Dose volume histogram was used for analysis of volumetric dose parameters and correlated with the RTOG defined normal organ toxicity profile of the patients. Results: In the follow up of two years 2 (6.66%) patient had died, 12 (40%) patients had reported no significant problem, 3 (10%) patient got bladder toxicity of grade 2, 10 (33.33%) patients had reported small intestine toxicity of grade 1 and grade 2 while no information could be available for 3 (10%) patients. The average volume of rectum, sigmoid colon and bowel loops were 60.34 cc, 22.19 cc and 270.82 cc. The average, median and 2 cc volume doses for rectum 289 ± 121 cGy, 263 ± 113 cGy and 884 ± 444 cGy for sigmoid colon 409 ± 211 cGy, 366 ± 185 cGy and 693 ± 371 cGy resp. and for bowel loops 240 ± 169 cGy, 153 ± 59 cGy and 870 ± 222 cGy. The average and median sigmoid colon point doses were higher than rectum average (p= 0.000) and median doses (p =0.001) but 2cc volumetric doses of sigmoid colon are less than rectum 2cc volumetric doses (p = 0.013). For bowel loops the 2cc volumetric doses were much higher than average doses (p = 0.000) due to its large volume. The recto-sigmoidal toxicity profile were evaluated for sigmoidal max doses and rectum 2 cc volumetric dose profile. There was a poor correlation between rectum 2 cc volumetric dose and sigmoid 2 cc volumetric doses. Conclusion: According to dose toxicity profile, sigmoidal doses represent an important role for dose constrains but till now no protocol has been formed for reporting the sigmoidal doses. This study attracts the attention for reporting the sigmoidal and bowl loop doses. This study demonstrates the possibility and role of volumetric imaging and dosimetry for improvement in dose constraints.
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Lin, Kai-Hsiang, Jui-Hung Chang, Ti-Hao Wang, Hoe-Yuan Ong, and Pau-Choo Chung. "Rectum Segmentation in Brachytherapy Dataset Using Recurrent Network." In 2020 International Computer Symposium (ICS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ics51289.2020.00054.

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Miyagawa, Shoko, Yong Ah Seong, Zebing Mao, Tatsuhiro Horii, Hiroyuki Nabae, Shingo Maeda, Toshinori Fujie, Kenjiro Tadakuma, Hideyuki Sawada, and Koichi Suzumori. "What To Do When The Requirements Are Unknown? - Development of a Simulator for Excretory Care." In 5th International Conference on Human Systems Engineering and Design: Future Trends and Applications (IHSED 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004131.

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We developed a simulator to practice the digital disimpaction technique, a kind of excretory care that is commonly performed by home-care nurses in Japan. The key point of this study is that the requirements for creating a simulation model were not known in advance, so we adopted a rapid prototyping method, in which product development is carried out by repeatedly creating and testing simple prototypes and a user-participatory design method, where feedback is obtained directly from users. We proceeded with the development of the simulator and the definition of requirements simultaneously, repeating the process of creation, trial use, and feedback from interviews with skilled nurses. Digital disimpaction is a complex procedure involving interaction with a living body, in which a finger stimulates the rectum and facilitates the excretion of feces leveraging the rectum's natural biological response. Digital disimpaction is performed primarily by a nurse. Since digital disimpaction is an embarrassing and sometimes painful procedure for the patient, a smooth and comfortable technique is desirable. On the other hand, only a limited set of circumstances are provided to learn the digital disimpaction technique. The requirement for a "procedure requiring non-visible interaction," such as digital disimpaction, is hard to acquire through a simple interview because it is performed based on subjective sensation. Further, while the movement of the finger within the body is crucial, it is essentially impossible to learn through observation of a skilled nurse as it is not visible from the outside. For this reason, we created a simple rectal model as a first prototype. We improved the model by extracting requirements from observations and feedback on actual trial use by skilled nurses. From the first user experience of the simple 3D printed model, requirements were extracted regarding the texture of the rectum, the interaction between finger movement and rectal response, and the characteristics of the feces. A rectal model with a mucosal structure and a fecal model was created based on the obtained requirements. Through the second user experience, the process was repeated, where requirements were again extracted regarding the shape of the rectal model, the characteristics of the mucosa, and the rectal response with the finger movement. We redesigned the model to meet these refined requirements and developed a buttock model covering the rectal model.The results of the third user experience confirmed that the simulator mostly reproduced the intestinal setting as perceived by the nurses during the actual digital disimpaction procedure. This study suggests that the combination of rapid prototyping and user-participatory design can be used to systemize subjects for which requirements are hard to define in advance, such as care procedures based on tacit knowledge.
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Miladinović, Tatjana B., Jasmina Obradović, Marija Živković Radojević, Neda Milosavljević, Aleksandar Miladinović, Milena Živković, and Dragana Krstić. "Distribution of doses to organs at risk in Cervical Cancer High Dose Rate Brachytherapy using Tandem and Ovoids or Vaginal Cylinder." In 2nd International Conference on Chemo and Bioinformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi23.197m.

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Brachytherapy is an integral part of the treatment of cervical cancer. In brachytherapy, the dose delivered to the tissue is determined primarily by the inverse square law thus the dose decreases rapidly as the distance from the source increases. Therefore, an important role in dose distribution is the geometry of the applicator. A patient’s anatomy as well as the fact that the patient may have been operated on must also be taken into account when selecting the applicator. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of the type of cervical cancer brachytherapy applicators (tandem and ovoids or vaginal cylinder) on the dose delivered to adjacent organs, urinary bladder, and rectum. The treatment plans of 10 patients with cervical cancer treated by intracavitary brachytherapy were reviewed, and dose distribution data was collected. Prescribed doses were 7 Gy (or 8 Gy)/fractions, and the number of fractions was from 3 to 5, thus cumulative target EQD2 was between 85-90 Gy. Deliveries of doses to the rectum and bladder were controlled within the tolerance ranges. It was found that the selection of the applicator and the doses administered to the bladder and rectum were correlated. Tandem and ovoid applicators produced lower doses in the bladder and rectum by approximately 20% than the vaginal cylinder. The results of this analysis may potentially enable the optimization of dose distribution for organs at risk in each individual clinical situation.
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Wahaia, Faustino, Gintaras Valusis, Luis M. Bernardo, Albino Oliveira, Jan Macutkevic, Irmantas Kasalynas, and Dalius Seliuta. "Detection of colon and rectum cancers by terahertz techniques." In SPIE Photonics Europe, edited by Jürgen Popp, Wolfgang Drexler, Valery V. Tuchin, and Dennis L. Matthews. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.847849.

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Mathews, S., H. Balachandran, A. Kumar, J. Joseph, R. Kumar, J. Krishna KM, and FV James. "172 Late effects on rectum and urinary bladder in cervical cancer brachytherapy: dose effect relationship and ICRU rectum and bladder point dose correlation." In IGCS 2020 Annual Meeting Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2020-igcs.150.

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Valvano, Jonathan W., David Y. Yuan, Eric N. Rudie, and Steven J. Clark. "Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia." In ASME 1996 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1996-0741.

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Abstract The treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has implications which affect the majority of the adult male population. Although benign compared to prostate cancer, clinical symptoms can dramatically alter the quality of life. The hyperplastic tissue can cause constriction of the urethra and thus affect voiding of urine. Factors to consider for thermally-based treatments of the prostate include minimization of thermal injury to the urethra and rectum, and maximal delivery of thermal energy to target tissue. Minimizing temperature rise in the urethra allows for minimal or no anesthesia, and has been shown to reduce postoperative complications. Protection of the rectal wall is imperative since injury can lead to clinical complications as severe as a rectal fistula. Due to its location immediately dorsal to the prostate, the ventral aspect of the rectal wall is susceptible to overheating when a uniform radiating microwave heat source is applied transurethrally to treat the prostate. This paper summarizes the engineering technology. numerical modeling, and clinical results to date.
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Li, Andrew C., Yi Hong Ong, Celina Li, Jie He, Andreea Dimofte, Theresa M. Busch, Brian C. Wilson, Robert Weersink, and Timothy C. Zhu. "A comparison of two probes to determine rectum optical properties." In Optical Methods for Tumor Treatment and Detection: Mechanisms and Techniques in Photodynamic Therapy XXX, edited by David H. Kessel and Tayyaba Hasan. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2582395.

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Moutzoukis, M., F. Foussekis, C. Lamouri, I. Mousavere, V. Theopistos, I. Mitselos, and D. Christodoulou. "Diffuse Cavernous Haemangioma Of Sigmoid And Rectum (DCHR) Case Report." In ESGE Days 2021. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1724803.

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Pappa, A., K. Argyriou, A. Manolakis, and A. Kapsoritakis. "Review and comparison of EMR/ESD techniques in the rectum." In ESGE Days 2024. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1783848.

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Reports on the topic "Rectum"

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KHAIRALLAH, Sara, and EL HARROUDI Tijani. Delayed coloanal anastomosis technique in the management of low-lying rectal cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0002.

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Review question / Objective: Is there a difference in terms of post-operative events between delayed and immediate coloanal anastomoses in the management of rectum carcinoma? Condition being studied: Rectal carcinoma. Eligibility criteria: We defined the lower rectum as any rectal tumor located within 6cm of the anal margin or within 2cm of the upper edge of the sphincter ring.- All scientific articles published or not published between 01/1985 and 09/2021 that aim to demonstrate the postoperative, oncological and functional results of ACAD in the curative treatment of adenocarcinoma of the lower rectum or rectal cancer including the lower rectum.- Scientific articles that discuss case series treated with ACAD in different benign or malignant pathologies, but where patient data and results of this procedure are well individualized in patients operated on rectal adenocarcinoma. - Abstracts of conference sessions, theses or unpublished articles (grey literature) with complete data, allowing their extraction and processing in our review.Translated with http://www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version).
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Tang, Li-li, Yue-dong Liu, Hong-wu Tao, Wen-zhe Feng, Yu-ping Shu, and Fan-yan Meng. The efficacy and safety of ulcerative colitis treatment based on the theory of the " lung–gut axis ": a meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.3.0014.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference between the curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine or integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine on ulcerative colitis under the guidance of lung-intestine axis theory and that of Western medicine alone. The selected research method was to search relevant randomized controlled trial in Chinese and English medical databases. The Cochrane bias risk assessment tool was used to analyze the quality of RCT studies, and RevMan 5.3 was used for efficacy evaluation and meta-analysis. Condition being studied: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disease that often involves the rectum and colon submucosa. It is characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhea and purulent bloody stool. There is no specific therapy for ulcerative colitis at present. This study investigates the curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine or integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy on UC under the guidance of lung-intestine axis theory and provides a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of UC.
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Mendivil de la Ossa, José Alberto, and Lina María Gómez Duque. Exploración del sistema genitourinario. Ediciones Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/gcgp.46.

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Esta guía de práctica de los cursos en Semiología del Paciente Sano y Semiología Clínica se desarrolló con base en los textos guía para el syllabus de estos cursos del programa de Medicina, que corresponden a los textos "Manual Seidel de exploración física" [1] y "Semiología médica Cediel" [2]. La guía comprende los aspectos básicos de la semiotecnia y la interpretación de los hallazgos semiológicos del examen del ano, el recto y los genitales, siguiendo este orden: 1) realizar el tacto rectal adecuadamente, en función de la técnica descrita para pacientes masculinos y femeninos; en hombres, evaluación del ano, recto y próstata, y en mujeres, evaluación del ano, recto y fondo de saco, incluido el tacto rectovaginal. 2) Evaluar los genitales externos masculinos y la región inguinal adecuadamente, incluyendo la transiluminación testicular. 3) Evaluar adecuadamente los genitales externos femeninos, y los genitales internos a través del tacto vaginal, la palpación bimanual abdominovaginal y la región inguinal. Por último, 4) exploración de las mamas femeninas a través de su inspección activa y dinámica, sumada a la palpación del tejido mamario y los ganglios linfáticos próximos.
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Brown, A. Genital/rectal lesions. Brooke, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.46746/gaw.2020.abi.les.genrec.

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Bishop, Keith N., J. R. McClung, Stephen J. Goldberg, and Mary S. Shall. Anatomical and Physiological Characteristics of the Ferret Lateral Rectus Muscle and Abducena Nucleus. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada462756.

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Liu, Y., ZQ Tian, and W. Shen. A Network Meta-analysis of Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Between Robotic, Laparoscopic, and Open Total Rectal Mesenteric Resection for Rectal Cancer. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0106.

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Dong, Anna, Margaret Lewerk, Jennifer Marrone, and Eric Nemec. Postoperative Outcomes Following Cesarean Section Closure with Re-Approximation of Abdominal Rectus Muscle: A Systematic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.6.0040.

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Ahlers, Stephen T., Robert L. Hesslink, Stephen B. Lewis, and John R. Thomas. Caffeine Attenuates the Afterdrop in Rectal Temperature After Mild Cooling. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada230228.

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Aguinis, Marcos, Salomón Lerner, and Darío Ruíz Gómez. The Essential Role of Ethics in the Developmen of Latin America: Convictions That Sabotage Progress: The Difficulty of Telling the Truth. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007951.

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Salomón Lerner (1944-), Peruvian philosopher, Rector of Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (1994-2004), Angel Escobar Jurado National Human Rights Award (2003). Marcos Aguinis (1935-), Argentine physician, former Minister of Culture in Argentina, Planeta Prize (Spain), Grand Prize of Honor by the Argentine Society of Writers. Darío Ruiz Gómez (1935-), Colombian art and literary critic, former Professor of Architecture in Medellín, published four books of poetry and five books of short stories.
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Doyle, Morgan. Country Development Challenges: Route Toward Sustainable and Inclusive Growth. Chair Jose Luiz Rossi Júnior. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004944.

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Brazil was already facing a sluggish economic recovery prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Between 2014 and 2016, the country experienced a deep recession marked by substantial drop in economic activity combined with a reversal of recent gains in social indicators. From 2017 to 2019, GDP growth was unable to fully recoup the losses incurred during the recession. In recent decades, Brazil has repeatedly experienced this pattern, with a sharp decline in economic activity followed by an anemic recovery.
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