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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Rectangle'
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Mahmood, Abdullah-Al. "Approximation Algorithms for Rectangle Piercing Problems." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/1025.
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Piercing problems arise often in facility location, which is a well-studied area of computational geometry. The general form of the piercing problem discussed in this dissertation asks for the minimum number of facilities for a set of given rectangular demand regions such that each region has at least one facility located within it. It has been shown that even if all regions are uniform sized squares, the problem is NP-hard. Therefore we concentrate on approximation algorithms for the problem. As the known approximation ratio for arbitrarily sized rectangles is poor, we restrict our effort to designing approximation algorithms for unit-height rectangles. Our e-approximation scheme requires nO(1/ε²) time. We also consider the problem with restrictions like bounding the depth of a point and the width of the rectangles. The approximation schemes for these two cases take nO(1/ε) time. We also show how to maintain a factor 2 approximation of the piercing set in O(log n) amortized time in an insertion-only scenario.
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Song, In-Ok. "Infrared emission bands of the Red Rectangle." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416304.
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Chung, Yau-lin, and 鍾有蓮. "Optimality and approximability of the rectangle covering problem." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30294873.
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Forsman, Anna. "-those complete strangers- an investigation of the rectangle." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20702.
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An report about investigating the rectangular shape in the relation between the stiff and the soft in drapings. The investigation have been made in the field fashion and garments.Program: Modedesignutbildningen
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Thomas, Joshua David. "Spectroscopic Analysis and Modeling of the Red Rectangle." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1341345222.
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LeBlanc, Denyse I. "Congelation d'un aliment ayant la forme d'un parallelepipede rectangle." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63893.
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Silvanus, Jannik [Verfasser]. "Improved Cardinality Bounds for Rectangle Packing Representations / Jannik Silvanus." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1188726226/34.
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Theise, Helena. "F ME F YOU : an investigation of the expressional potential of rectangular pattern construction in relation to print." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-11118.
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This work is exploring the rectangle as a pattern construction. It is the most recognised geometric shape, can it still provide us with new expressions in fashion? This project is conducted through clear restrictions in the method, and through draping translated into garments through flat pattern construction. The result is a collection with a complex expression, mixing poetic shapes with playful prints full of contrast, which signifes harmony but does not follow the classical notions of beauty. The value of this work lies in the finding of new expressions in fashion, proposing that it is of utmost importance to challenge what we think we know to be true.
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Stylianopoulos, Nikalaos Stavros. "A domain decomposition method for numerical conformal mapping onto a rectangle." Thesis, Brunel University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.257545.
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TopalovicÌ, Radmila. "Infrared and optical emission bands of the Red Rectangle and other objects." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438417.
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Dubosclard, Geneviève Monique. "Le rectangle et l'éventail : étude sur la description dans les romans de Claude Simon." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA1035.
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La thèse est une contribution à l’étude de la description dans les romans de Claude Simon. Elle démontre que la prédominance de descriptions détaillantes et détaillées constitue la clef de voûte d’un art du roman original. À cette fin, l’étude explore les propriétés de la description simonienne comme relevant du « rectangle » et de l’« éventail », d’un acte de découpe et d’un acte de dépli. Les modes descriptifs sont examinés selon une tripe perspective : narrative, critique, plastique. La première partie aborde la redéfinition des limites du récit et de la description. Les dispositifs optiques, les tempi, l’ekphrasis sont analysés pour leur capacité à entretenir la relance imprévue et imprévisible de la dynamique narrative. La deuxième partie a trait à la force spéculative intrinsèque du travail descriptif. Ancrage dans l’expérience de la chute, déhiérchisation anticlassique, tâtonnements exploratoires, processus de défamiliarisation, telles sont les « raisons de la description » à être alors appréhendées. Le troisième temps de l’étude s’attache aux déplacements qu’apportent les inflexions de l’énoncé descriptif à l’expérience du réel. Indissociable d’un défi plastique adressé à l’écriture, la description simonienne fonde sa présence d’être une aire magnétique. Il est ainsi établi que, « prose du monde », elle procède d’une esthétique des « rapports » tramée de brouillages mimétiques et de dépense verbale que soutient un imaginaire du langageThe thesis contributes to the study of description in Claude Simon's novels. It demonstrates that an original art of the novel hinges on the predominance of detailing and detailed descriptions. For this purpose, the study explores the characteristics of Simon's description as pertaining to the rectangle and the fan, to both cutting and expanding actions. The descriptive modes are examined according to a triple perspective which is first narrative, then critical and, lastly, plastic. The first part aims at showing how the limits of narrative and description get redefined. The optical devices, the tempi, the ekphrasis are analysed insofar as they function as constant stimuli to the unforeseen and unforeseeable narrative dynamics. The second part has to do with the intrinsic speculative strength of the descriptive work. Dives into experiments of the fall, disintegration of any classical hierarchy, exploratory experimentation, estrangement process, such are the "grounds of description" that are then apprehended. The third stage of the study focuses on the way the inflexions of the descriptive enunciation come to shift our experience of reality. Indissociable as it is from a plastic challenge issued to writing, Simon's description asserts its presence on account of its being a magnetic field. It is thus established that this "prose du monde" originates in an art of connections interweaving a confusing mimesis and verbal expenditure underlain by a language imaginary
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Rulence-Pâques, Patricia. "Perception de surface et inférence de surface : le cas de la surface du rectangle." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05A003.
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Deb, Sagarmay. "Content-based image retrieval based on emergence index." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Sciences, 2003. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001420/.
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Emergence is a phenomenon where we study the implicit or hidden meaning of an image. We introduce this concept in image database access and retrieval of images using his as an index for retrieval. This would give an entirely different search outcome than ordinary search where emergence is not considered, as consideration of hidden meanings could change the index of search. A feature of an image, which is not explicit would be emergent feature if it can be made explicit. There are three types of emergence: computational emergence, thermodynamic emergence and emergence relative to a model. In computational emergence, it is assumed computational interactions can generate different features or behaviors. This is one of the approaches in the field of artificial life. Thermodynamic emergence is of the view that new stable features or behaviors can arise from equilibrium through the use of thermodynamic theory. In emergence relative to a model, deviation of the behavior from the original model gives rise to emergence. We would use this latter view in our work. Two classes of shape emergence have been identified: embedded shape emergence and illusory shape emergence. In embedded shape emergence all the emergent shapes can be identified by set theory procedures on the original shape under consideration. For example, in a set S= {a,b,c,d,e}, we can find subsets like S1={a,b,c}, S2={c,d,e}, S3={a,c,e} and so on. But in illusory shape emergence, where contours defining a shape are perceived even though no contours are physically present, this kind of set theory procedures are not enough and more effective procedures have to be applied to find these hidden shapes. These procedures could be based on geometrical, topological or dimensional studies of the original shape. Content-based Image Retrieval (CBIR) techniques, so far developed, concentrated on only explicit meanings of an image. But more meanings could be extracted when we consider the implicit meanings of the same image. To find out the implicit meanings, we first destroy the shape of the original image which gives rise to unstructured image. Then we process the unstructured image to bring out the new emergent image. We discuss emergence, calculation of emergence index and accessing multimedia databases using emergence index in this dissertation. To calculate emergence index in the access of multimedia databases, we take an input image and study the emergence phenomenon of it. Also we study the emergence phenomenon of the images of the database. Both input image and images of database would give rise to more meanings because of emergence as we explained earlier. Based on the new meanings, wherever there would be a match between input image and images of database, we would pick that record up for selection. We defined emergence index as EI = f(D,F,V,C,E) where D stands for domain of the database, F for features of the image, V for various variables that define the image, C for constraints which represent the image and E for emergence phenomenon. We calculate these five variables to get emergence index for each image of the database. Also we calculate these five variables for input image as well. We talk about global aspects of features. It means features of the entire image. Examples are area, perimeter or rectangles, triangles. In some searches, to consider the global features could be advantageous in that a symmetry with the input image could be obtained on the basis of global features only. But as is clearly the case, to consider global features could overlook the individual objects that constitute the image as a whole. In the kind of searches we propose, we take into account the global features of the image of the database while considering in detail local features. Various objects that lie within an image constitute local features. In our example, there are three objects in the image, namely, a lake and two houses. Studying the features of these three objects would add to studying the features of the image globally. We took the example of a geographic location in the thesis and then showed how destruction of original image is done and further processing of the unstructured image gives new emergent image. Partial implementation of this concept is also presented at the end. In implementation, we consider the retrieval of image globally. We do not consider break-up of image into multiple objects which is left for future research.
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Tang, Minao. "SYNTHESES, STRUCTURES AND MAGNETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF DI- AND TRIVALENT HYDRIDOTRIS(3,5-DIMETHYLPYRAZOL-1-YL)BORATE CYANOMANGANATES." UKnowledge, 2008. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/546.
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The syntheses, structures, and magnetic properties of a series of di/trivalent hydridotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)borate (Tp*) cyanomanganates were investigated. Treatment of manganese(III)acetylacetonate with KTp* followed by tetra(ethyl)- ammonium cyanide affords [NEt4][(Tp*)MnII(acac)(CN)] (1). Attempts to oxidize 1 with iodine affords {(Tp*)MnII(κ2O-acac-CN)}n (7); a minor complex {[NEt4][(Tp*)MnII(κ2O-acac-3-CN)]2(µ-CN) (8) was also isolated.
The manganese(II) complex [NEt4][(Tp*)MnII(κ2O-acac-3-CN)(κ1N -3-NC-acac)] (2) was obtained via treatment of Mn(3-acacCN)3 with KTp* and [NEt4]CN. [NEt4]2[MnII(CN)4] (3) was prepared via treatment of Mn(OTf)2 with excess [NEt4]CN. [NEt4][(Tp*)MnIII(CN)3] (4), is prepared via treatment of 4 with Mn(3-acacCN)3, KTp* and excess [NEt4]CN. [PPN][(Tp*)MnIII(CN)3] (5) is obtained via treatment of [PPN]3[MnII(CN)6] with (Tp*)SnBu2Cl.
Combination of 4 with [MnII(bipy)2(OH2)2][OTf]2 afforded a tetranuclear rectangular cluster {MnIII 2MnII 2} (9). At low temperature, {MnIII2NiII2} (10) was prepared via treatment of 4 and [Ni(II)(bipy)2(H2O)2][OTf]2. Treatment of 4 with [CoII(bipy)2(OH2)2][OTf]2 at low temperature failed to give the desired {MnIII2CoII2} complex.
Magnetic measurements indicate that 1, 2, and 7 contain high-spin isotropic MnII with no long-range magnetic order observed for 7 (T > 2 K); 4 contains low-spin MnIII that likely adopt an isotropic 3A2 spin ground state. Surprisingly 9 and 10 do not exhibit slow relaxation of the magnetization (for T > 1.8 K) despite the presence of significant molecular anisotropy.
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Phuwanawijak, Salisa. "Quadratomotion." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20847.
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I am exploring the new shapes in garments by using pieces of the quadrate shape, in contrast to the body shape, as a tool. By setting the amount of the pieces for each garment, new shapes occur because particular connecting techniques are used in order to join every piece to make a garment. The garments still look dynamic because of the visible seam allowances which creates lines all over. Moreover, the primary colours are scattered into many tones used in the collection. One tone is for one garment in an outfit. The materials are various. These make the expression energetic although the quadrilateral itself and the strong primary colours look quite static.Program: Master Programme in Fashion and Textile Design
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Guinnip, David. "Master Texture Space an efficient encoding for projectively mapped objects /." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2005. http://lib.uky.edu/ETD/ukycosc2005t00305/guinnipThesis2005%5FFinal.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Kentucky, 2005.Title from document title page (viewed on November 8, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 34 p. : ill. Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-33).
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Dimitriadis, Jannis [Verfasser], and Lutz [Akademischer Betreuer] Mattner. "On the Accuracy of Loader's Algorithm for the Binomial Density and Algorithms for Rectangle Probabilities for Markov Increments / Jannis Dimitriadis ; Betreuer: Lutz Mattner." Trier : Universität Trier, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1197703284/34.
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Lundgren, Mina. "Distorted Essentials." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-17719.
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This text is dealing with the intersection of three main elements: abstraction, geometrical form and distortion. Together these three paths forms garments around and in relation to the body. Throughout the project body is reduced into rectangular planes and cylinders. To reduce body into geometrical shapes can be explained as a method or a system through which body is approach as a neutral form. Because body is the source for abstraction, this approach can be applied to any part of the body and repeated in various compositions as it will always relate to a body form in some ways. The project also focuses on how to build holistic compositions through hues. Geometrically reduced body shapes are arranged through three dimensional compositions in which relationships between dominant, subdominant and subordinate forms are specifically in focus. Garments are embodied through weaving, Dominant and subdominant forms are investigated through distortion as a result of leaving warp and weft threads unattached in certain areas in the woven material. The technique expresses both organic and geometric in the material itself. In combination with colour blocks and panels and cylinders as forms, the technique was able to be translated into wearable forms. The project was developed as a dialogue between intuitive search and an intelligent reflective approach to outcomes. Because the projects put strong focus on subconscious notion of form emotions and senses plays an important role as guidance throughout the project. Findings are presented in collection of ten outfits where aesthetic qualities of form are put as a primary factor.Program: Konstnärlig masterutbildning i mode- och textildesign
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Fasesin, Kingsley. "Improving Sinkhole Mapping Using LiDAR Data and Locating Sinkhole Hotspots in Johnson City, TN." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3511.
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Predicting infrastructure damage and economic impact of sinkholes requires high accuracy mapping distribution and development. The study mapped sinkholes and sinkhole hotpsots in Johnson City, TN using LiDAR-derived Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and a database of known sinkholes which were matched to LiDAR-derived depressions. For all matched depressions (n = 404), three metrics were calculated: circularity index, ratio of length to width of the Minimum Bounding Rectangle (MBR) and percent coverage of the MBR by the depression, and 3,634 new sinkholes were identified. Newly developed hotspots were identified in north Johnson City and other areas in the south near the Johnson City Medical Center. The methodology developed can be applied to identify hotspots in other small metropolitan cities and the hotspot map produced can be employed in hazard mitigation planning, resource allocation, and made available publicly to property owners and insurance companies.
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Arantes, Priscila Paschoali Crivelenti Vilela. "As razões trigonométricas no triângulo retângulo e as rampas de acesso." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/5936.
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Previous issue date: 2013-03-23Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
This work is a math lesson on the triangle trigonometric ratios, using analysis of access ramps for people with special needs mobility. The mathematical content designed to be taught in grade 8/9 years of elementary school, according to the teaching experience of a teacher who devised and applied that lesson, there used to be presented to students in a way that justified the understanding it. This observation led to the idealization of a classroom where students participate in an active construction of knowledge and context. Students were led to reflect on the inclusion of people with special needs in today's society and to examine the access ramps of the school they attend, comparing your measurements with the Brazilian standard ABNT governing accessibility in buildings and structures. From the analysis of these ramps have been developing activities in order to build the concept of sine, cosine and tangent in rightangled triangle and attach to these concepts, meanings. They are extremely interested throughout the development of the work, which was completed fulfilling the objectives
Esse trabalho trata de uma aula de matemática sobre as razões trigonométricas no triângulo retângulo, através de análise de rampas de acesso para pessoas com necessidades especiais de locomoção. O conteúdo matemático planejado para ser ensinado na 8ª série/ 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental, de acordo com a experiência docente da professora que idealizou e aplicou a referida aula, não costumava ser apresentado aos alunos de forma que os motivassem a compreendêlo. Essa observação motivou a idealização de uma aula onde os alunos participassem de forma ativa da construção e contextualização do conhecimento. Os alunos foram levados a refletir sobre a inclusão de pessoas com necessidades especiais na sociedade atual e a analisarem as rampas de acesso da escola que frequentam, comparando suas medidas com a norma brasileira da ABNT que regulamenta a acessibilidade em prédios e construções. A partir da análise dessas rampas, foram desenvolvendo atividades com a finalidade de construírem o conceito de seno, cosseno e tangente no triângulo retângulo e atribuírem a estes conceitos, significados. Mostraram-se muito interessados durante todo o desenvolvimento do trabalho, o qual foi concluído cumprindo os objetivos propostos.
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Fasesin, Kingsley, Ingrid Luffman, Eileen Ernenwein, and Arpita Nandi. "Improving Sinkhole Mapping Using LiDAR Data and Assessing Road Infrastructure at Risk in Johnson City, TN." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/30.
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Improving Sinkhole Mapping Using LiDAR Data and Assessing Road Infrastructure at Risk in Johnson City, TN.
Kingsley Fasesin1, Dr. Ingrid Luffman 1, Dr. Eileen Ernenwein 1 and Dr. Arpita Nandi1
1 Department of Geosciences, College of Arts and Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN;
Abstract
Predicting infrastructure damage and economic impact of sinkholes along roadways requires mapping of sinkhole distribution and development of a model to predict future occurrences with high accuracy. The study is carried out to define the distribution of sinkholes in Johnson City, TN and risks they pose to roads in the city. The study made use of a 2.5 ft Digital Elevation Model (DEM) derived from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data acquired from Tennessee Geospatial clearing house (TNGIS) and an inventory of known sinkholes identified from topographic maps. Depressions were identified using the LiDAR-derived DEM by subtracting a filled-depressions DEM from the original study area DEM. Using a spatial join, mapped sinkholes were matched to depression polygons identified from the LiDAR-derived DEM. For all matched sinkhole-polygon pairs, three indices were calculated: circularity index, area ratio of minimum bounding rectangle, and proximity to train tracks and roads. The dataset was partitioned into training (70%) and validation (30%) subsets, and using the training dataset, thresholds for each index were selected using typical values for known sinkholes. These rules were calibrated using the 30% validation subset, and applied as filters to the remaining unmatched depression polygons to identify likely sinkholes. A portion of these suspected sinkholes were field checked. The future direction of this research is to generate a sinkhole formation model for the study area by examining the relationship between the mapped sinkhole distribution, and previously identified sinkhole formation risk factors. These factors include: proximity to fault lines, groundwater and streams; depth to bedrock; and soil and land cover type. Spatial Logistic Regression analysis will be used for model development, and results will be used to generate a sinkhole susceptibility map which will be overlain on the road network to identify the portions of interstate and state highways at risk of sinkhole destruction.
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Tarnoff, David. "Episode 6.03 – Makin’ Rectangles." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/computer-organization-design-oer/43.
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Guth, Lawrence. "Area-contracting maps between rectangles." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/31158.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 207-208).
In this thesis, I worked on estimating the smallest k-dilation of all diffeomorphisms between two n-dimensional rectangles R and S. I proved that for many rectangles there are highly non-linear diffeomorphisms with much smaller k-dilation than any linear diffeomorphism. When k is equal to n-l, I determined the smallest k-dilation up to a constant factor. For all values of k and n, I solved the following related problem up to a constant factor. Given n-dimensional rectangles R and S, decide if there is an embedding of S into R which maps each k-dimensional submanifold of S to an image with larger k-volume. I also applied the k-dilation techniques to two purely topological problems: estimating the Hopf invariant of a map from a 3-manifold to a high-genus surface, and determining whether there is a map of non-zero degree from a 3-manifold to a hyperbolic 3-manifold.
by Lawrence Guth.
Ph.D.
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Chadha, Ritu. "Decomposing rectilinear regions into rectangles." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90962.
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This thesis discusses the problem of decomposing rectilinear regions, with or without holes, into a minimum number of rectangles. There are two different types of decomposition considered here : decomposing a figure into non-overlapping parts, called partitioning, and decomposing a figure into possibly overlapping parts, called covering. A method is outlined and proved for solving the above two problems, and algorithms for the solutions of these problems are presented. The partitioning problem can be solved in time O(n⁵ ²), where n is the number of vertices of the figure, whereas the covering problem is exponential in its time complexity.M.S.
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Jhugroo, Eric. "Pattern formation in squares and rectangles." Thesis, City, University of London, 2007. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/18271/.
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This thesis considers pattern formation governed by the two dimensional Swift-Hohenberg equation in square and rectangular domains. For the square, the dependence of the solution on the size of the square relative to the characteristic wavelength of the pattern is investigated for periodic, non-periodic (rigid) and quasi-periodic boundary conditions. Linear and weakly nonlinear analysis is used together with numerical computation to identify the bifurcation structure of steady-state solutions and to track their nonlinear development as a function of the control parameter. Nonlinear solutions arising from secondary bifurcations and fold bifurcations are also found. Time-dependent computations are also carried out in order to investigate stability, and to find certain nonlinear steady states. The structure of solutions in the limit where the size of the square is much larger than the characteristic wavelength of the pattern is investigated using asymptotic methods. For the rectangle, the dependence of the solution on the size of the rectangle relative to the characteristic wavelength of the pattern is investigated for non-periodic (rigid) boundary conditions. Most results are obtained for two aspect ratios, 0.75 and 0.5. Linear analysis is used together with numerical computations to identify the bifurcation structure of steady-state solutions and to track their nonlinear development. Nonlinear solutions arising from secondary bifurcations and fold bifurcations are also found, again making use of time-dependent calculations where necessary. Finally, the structure of solutions in the limit where the size of the rectangle is much larger than the characteristic wavelength of the pattern is investigated using asymptotic methods. The results are discussed in relation to patterns observed in physical systems such as Rayleigh-Benard convection.
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Bateman, Michael. "Maximal averages along rectangles in the plane." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3354911.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Mathematics, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Feb. 4, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-04, Section: B, page: 2333. Adviser: Nets Katz.
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Hsu, Yu-Cheng 1966. "Efficient covering of general polygons by rectangles." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291443.
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Covering a polygon by a set of rectangles has many applications in the VLSI CAD area. In this thesis, a new efficient algorithm to cover a polygon has been developed. It is not limited by the rectilinear restriction, but each inner angle of the polygon is at least 90 degrees. The algorithm has two phases. The first phase decomposes a non-rectilinear polygon P(n) into two parts. One part is a rectilinear polygon P(r), and the other part consists of the rest of P(n). This phase also generates a set of rectangles covering the non-rectilinear part. The time complexity of this phase is O(b∗n), where b is the number of oblique edges and n is the number of vertices in P(n). The second phase finds an overlapping rectangle cover for the rectilinear part P(r) by generating a non-overlapping cover first. The complexity of this phase is O(klog (k) + r + m²), where k is the number of inversions, r the number of the vertices in P(r), and m the size of the non-overlapping rectangle cover. The algorithm has been implemented and experimental results are provided to show the effectiveness of our approach.
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Borges, Carlos Francisco. "Transição das razoes trigonométricas do triângulo retângulo para o círculo trigonométrico: uma sequencia para o ensino." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11401.
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Previous issue date: 2009-10-23Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo
The purpose of this essay was to contribute to Trigonometry teaching, specially, to the transition of the trigonometric reasons in the rectangle triangle for the trigonometric circle. A sequence was elaborated with 12 activities, from which ten were created worrying about guiding the student to understand the trigonometric reasons of the rectangle triangle to the trigonometric circle using the dynamic geometry software Geogebra. An activity was made with the objective of working with the radian definition and the conversion of the unit circle (radians) to the angle unit (degrees) and, at last, an activity which had as purpose to create a tool to be used in the classroom when it was not possible to use the calculator, or the computer. The activities were applied to 12th graders in a school from the city of Francisco Morato, Great São Paulo. For such, 4 meetings were used to do the application; the students did the activities in pairs and were not done during the lessons. The Theory of the Didactic Situations and other basis of the Didactic Engineering were used in the elaboration, analysis, application and data survey of the teaching sequence. The experimentation pointed that the students did not make use of some necessary previous knowledge and presented some difficulties to expose their written observations. However, it also showed that there was improvement in the students learning, because while doing the activities using the dynamic geometry, they showed interest and focus
Esse trabalho teve por objetivo contribuir com o ensino de trigonometria, em especial, na transição das razões trigonométricas no triângulo retângulo para o círculo trigonométrico. Foi elaborada uma sequência com 12 atividades, das quais dez foram criadas com a preocupação de conduzir o aluno a compreender as razões trigonométricas do triângulo retângulo para o círculo trigonométrico utilizando, o software de geometria dinâmica Geogebra. Uma atividade foi criada com o intuito de trabalhar com a definição de radianos e a conversão da unidade de arcos (radianos) para unidade de ângulos (graus) e, por fim, uma atividade que tinha por objetivo construir um dispositivo para ser utilizado em sala de aula quando não fosse possível utilizar a calculadora, ou o computador. As atividades foram aplicadas para oito alunos do 2º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola da cidade de Francisco Morato, Grande São Paulo. Para tal foram usados quatro encontros para realizar a aplicação; os alunos fizeram as atividades em duplas e fora do horário de aula. A Teoria das Situações Didáticas e alguns pressupostos da Engenharia Didática foram usados na elaboração, análise, aplicação e coleta de dados da sequência de ensino. A experimentação aponta que os alunos não mobilizaram alguns conhecimentos prévios necessários e apresentam algumas dificuldades para exporem suas observações por escrito. Mas também mostrou que houve avanços na aprendizagem dos alunos, pois ao executarem as atividades utilizando a geometria dinâmica, mostraram interesse e concentração
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Pires, Karl Marlow. "Relações métricas no triângulo retângulo com GeoGebra." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152762.
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A matemática é uma matéria considerada difícil por muitos alunos, nesse sentido as tecnologias no ensino podem auxiliar a romper as barreiras com a aprendizagem de matemática, sendo seu uso na área de educação cada vez mais comum. Em especial, a metodologia tradicional não parece ser a melhor opção para o ensino da geometria, sendo necessária uma reformulação do processo educativo, para o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico dedutível dos discentes. A tecnologia computacional é uma ferramenta a mais para o ensino da matemática, não substituindo os outros materiais utilizados atualmente. Os docentes devem estar preparados para esse processo de transformação, sendo necessário atualização tecnológica e mudanças pedagógicas. Dessa forma, esse trabalho apresenta como foi utilizado o software GeoGebra para o ensino das relações métricas no triângulo retângulo. Foi observado que o uso do software auxiliou no aprendizado dos alunos, facilitando a compreensão do objeto de estudo e tornando o processo de aprendizagem mais prazeroso.
Mathematics is a subject considered difficult by many students therfore the technologies in teaching can help to break down these barriers of learning, being the use in education more and more common. In particular, traditional methodology does not seem to be the best option for the teaching of geometry, and a reformulation of the educational process is necessary for the development of students' deductible critical thinking. Technology is an added tool for teaching mathematics, not replacing the other materials currently used. Teachers must be prepared for this process of transformation, with the need for technological updating and pedagogical changes. Thus, this work presents the use of GeoGebra, software for the teaching of metric relations in the rectangle triangle. It was observed that different strategies help in student learning, facilitating the understanding of the object of study and making the learning process more pleasant.
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Kouvela, Anastasia. "On the completability of mutually orthogonal Latin rectangles." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/737/.
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This thesis examines the completability of an incomplete set of m-row orthogonal Latin rectangles (MOLRm) from a set theoretical viewpoint. We focus on the case of two rows, i.e. MOLR2, and define its independence system (IS) and the associated clutter of bases, which is the collection of all MOLR2. Any such clutter gives rise to a unique clutter of circuits which is the collection of all minimal dependent sets. To decide whether an incomplete set of MOLR2 is completable, it suffices to show that it does not contain a circuit therefore full knowledge of the clutter of circuits is needed. For the IS associated with 2-row orthogonal Latin rectangles (OLR2) we establish a methodology based on the notion of an availability matrix to fully characterise the corresponding clutter of circuits.
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Farias, Felipe de Souza. "Metodologia para extração de conteúdo de monitores e TVs." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2016. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/5514.
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CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
In this work we present a TV content extraction methodology using a model based on a Markov random field (MRF). We present two major contributions. For the first contribution, we modified a method for quadrangular object detection in color images, by means of adapting edge and rectangle detection techniques to detect and select a sole rectangular object with features of a TV or monitor screen. Besides this contribution, we concieved two databases consisted of, respectively, 504 and 600 TV and monitor photos, acquired under different sizes, different illumination conditions and different distance between camera and device, as well as reference images with the content presented in the devices in the acquisition moment. The methodology’s performance was evaluated in the context of detection and evaluation of monitor content, using the databases concieved in this work. For comparison, we used existing methods for detecting rectangular objects in the same context of the proposed methodology. The experiments demonstrate that the methodology’s performance is greatly influenced by the content complexity and the image background.
Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma metodologia de extração de conteúdo de TVs e monitores que utiliza um modelo baseado no campo aleatório de Markov (MRF). Duas contribuições foram feitas. Na primeira contribuição, modificamos um método de detecção de objetos quadrangulares em imagens coloridas. Isto é feito adaptando as técnicas de detecção de borda e de retângulos para a detecção e seleção de um único objeto retangular com características de uma tela de TV ou monitor. Além desta contribuição, concebemos duas bases de dados com, respectivamente, 504 e 600 imagens de TV/monitores adquiridas em diferentes resoluções, condições de iluminação e distância entre câmera e tela, assim como imagens de referência com o conteúdo apresentado nos aparelhos no momento da captura. O desempenho da metodologia foi avaliado em um contexto de detecção e avaliação de conteúdo de monitores, utilizando as duas bases de dados concebidas neste trabalho. Para comparação, utilizamos métodos de detecção de objetos retangulares existentes na literatura na mesma aplicação da metodologia proposta. Os experimentos demonstram que o desempenho da metodologia sofre grande influência da complexidade do conteúdo e do background da imagem.
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Akakpo, Nathalie. "Estimation adaptative par sélection de partitions en rectangles dyadiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00448753.
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Dans cette thèse, nous étudions divers problèmes d'estimation par sélection d'estimateurs constants ou polynomiaux par morceaux sur des partitions en intervalles ou rectangles dyadiques, en utilisant un critère de type moindres carrés pénalisé adéquat. Nos travaux portent sur trois sujets différents. Nous nous intéressons tout d'abord à l'estimation d'une loi de probabilité discrète, ainsi qu'à une application à la détection de ruptures multiples. Puis, nous proposons un cadre unifié pour l'estimation fonctionnelle basée sur des données éventuellement censurées. Enfin, nous étudions simultanément l'estimation de densité multivariée et de densité conditionnelle pour des données dépendantes. Le choix de la collection de partitions en intervalles ou rectangles dyadiques s'avère intéressant aussi bien en théorie qu'en pratique. En effet, notre estimateur pénalisé vérifie dans chacun des cadres une inégalité de type oracle non-asymptotique, pour une pénalité bien choisie. Il atteint également la vitesse minimax à constante près sur de nombreuses classes de fonctions, dont la régularité est éventuellement à la fois non homogène et non isotrope. Cette propriété, qui à notre connaissance n'a été démontrée pour aucun autre estimateur, repose sur des résultats d'approximation dont les preuves sont inspirées d'un article de DeVore et Yu. Par ailleurs, le calcul de notre estimateur dans un cadre univarié est basé sur un algorithme de plus court chemin dont la complexité est seulement linéaire en la taille de l'échantillon.
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Berka, Jan. "Polyfunkční dům, Jihlava." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226691.
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Proposed office and apartment buildings are situated in the south-east area of the city of Jihlava Handlovy dvory. Office and apartment buildings are designed as three-storey detached house, flat roof with a single casing. Buildings have rectangle layouts. The Objects are called Object A and Object B. Object A: There are four shops and exchange station in the 1st floor. In the second floor there are situated 4 apartments consisting of two rooms and a house cellar. The third floor is of the same pattern as the second one (again 4 apartments consisting of two rooms and a house cellar). In the object there are 8 apartments altogether. Object B: There are gym, one shop and exchange station in the 1st floor. In the second floor there are situated 4 apartments consisting of three rooms. The third floor is of the same pattern as the second one (again 4 apartments consisting of three rooms). In the object there are 8 apartments altogether. The houses are made of building system VELOX.
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Shiogi, Ann. "Connected Painted Rectangles Experiments in Quantitative Shape and Contrasting Elements." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4670.
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The thesis consisted of a series of paintings in which the canvases were individually painted in a predetermined way, then arranged and assembled more spontaneously in a final wall construction. Narrow limitations, such as working with only horizontal and vertical compositions and contrasting colors were specified. By working within a method or procedure, and by remaining strict to these guidelines, the ideas inherent in the paintings emerged and were then promoted. The dominant ideas that developed out of the process of making the paintings were the use of both "found" shapes -found in leftover lengths of support material-and "found" means of dividing the canvas, found in statistical information culled from current events in the newspaper. Also, the idea of unifying the painting with contrasting shapes, colors, surfaces, and values arose out of the process. The actual results of the painting process became clearer during the "spontaneous assembling of the paintings." The final wall constructions were made by arranging the individual canvases in different configurations and then mounting them on the wall. After the paintings went to the wall, possibilities for alteration and how they interacted with the wall could be seen.
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Prado, Junior Leal do. "Investigação biométrica em imagens digitais para detecção de faces humanas através da proporção divina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18133/tde-28042006-140518/.
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O crescimento da utilização de sistemas de reconhecimento no mundo contemporâneo exige processos de detecção cada vez mais robustos e ágeis. Aplicáveis desde sistemas de teleconferência empresarial até mecanismos de segurança e vigilância, a detecção e o reconhecimento de pessoas tornaram-se uma constante. Na tentativa de buscar caminhos alternativos, tanto para os problemas de detecção, quanto para os de reconhecimento, este trabalho propõe a utilização de medidas biométricas, mensuradas em imagens digitalizadas de faces humanas. A partir do estudo de tais medidas, torna-se possível a verificação de proporções existentes na face, especialmente a proporção divina, podendo constituir, no futuro, a base para algoritmos de detecção e/ou reconhecimento que usufruam das informações trazidas por tais proporções. Diante de uma reduzida quantidade de publicações no meio científico que utilizam a proporção divina como meio de detecção e/ou reconhecimento em processamento de imagens, esta investigação vem contribuir com alguns passos nessa direçãoThe increase of recognition systems in the contemporary world has demanded robust and agile detection processes. From teleconference systems to security and monitoring mechanisms, the detection and recognition of people have became constantly used and applied. In attempt to search for alternative ways to solve both detection and recognition problems, this work proposes the utilization of biometric measures, taken in digital image of human faces. From the study of such measures, its possible to verify face proportions, especially the divine proportion, which could allows, in the future, to implement the detection and/or recognition algorithms that utilize such proportions. Due to small amount of scientific publications that use the divine proportion as a way of detection and/or recognition in image processing, this investigation contributes with some steps in this direction
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Azevedo, Ivanilka Lima de. "Reflex?es sobre a constru??o e evolu??o de conceitos geom?tricos nas s?ries intermedi?rias do ensino fundamental." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/14270.
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Previous issue date: 2010-05-20This thesis represents a didactic research linked to the Post-graduation Programme in Education of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte which aimed to approach the construction of the geometrical concepts of Volume of the Rectangular Parallelepiped, Area and Perimeter of the Rectangle adding a study of the Area of the Circle. The research was developed along with students from the 6th level of the Elementary School, in a public school in Natal/RN. The pedagogical intervention was made up of three moments: application of a diagnostic evaluation, instrument that enabled the creation of the teaching module by showing the level of the geometry knowledge of the students; introduction of a Teaching Module by Activities aiming to propose a reflexive didactic routing directed to the conceptual construction because we believed that such an approach would favor the consolidation of the learning process by becoming significant to the apprentice, and the accomplishment of a Final Evaluation through which we established a comparison of the results obtained before and after the teaching intervention. The data gathered were analyzed qualitatively by means of a study of understanding categories of mathematical concepts, in addition to using descriptive statistics under the quantitative aspect. Based on the theory of Richard Skemp, about categorization of mathematical knowledge, in the levels of Relational and Instrumental Understanding were achieved in contextual situations and varied proportions, thus enabling a contribution in the learning of the geometrical concepts studied along with the students who took part in the research. We believe that this work may contribute with reflections about the learning processes, a concern which remained during all the stages of the research, and also that the technical competence along with the knowledge about the constructivist theory will condition the implementation of a new dynamics to the teaching and learning processes. We hope that the present research work may add some contribution to the teaching practice in the context of the teaching of Mathematics for the intermediate levels of the Elementary School
Esta tese se constituiu em uma pesquisa did?tica vinculada ao Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Educa??o da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte que teve por objetivo abordar ? constru??o dos conceitos geom?tricos de volume do bloco retangular sua ?rea de superf?cie acrescentando um estudo sobre ?rea do c?rculo. Este foi desenvolvido junto a alunos do 6? ano do Ensino Fundamental, em uma escola da rede p?blica de ensino em Natal/RN. A interven??o pedag?gica constou de tr?s momentos: aplica??o de uma avalia??o diagn?stica, instrumento que subsidiou a elabora??o do m?dulo e ensino, ao indicar os conhecimentos pr?vios e fragilidades dos alunos; introdu??o do m?dulo de ensino por atividades e realiza??o de uma avalia??o final atrav?s da qual estabelecemos uma compara??o dos resultados obtidos antes e depois da interven??o de ensino. Os dados obtidos foram analisados qualitativamente mediante estudo de categorias de compreens?o de conceitos matem?ticos, al?m de utilizarmos a an?lise estat?stica validando-a sob o aspecto quantitativo. Com base nos resultados os n?veis de compreens?o relacional e instrumental foram atingidos em situa??es contextuais e propor??es variadas. Acreditamos que este possa contribuir ainda com reflex?es acerca dos processos do conhecer, preocupa??o que permeou todas as etapas da pesquisa. Nossa esperan?a ? que esta pesquisa possa acrescentar alguma contribui??o ao fazer docente no contexto do ensino matem?tico, haja vista concebermos que a compet?ncia t?cnica aliada ao conhecimento sobre a teoria construtivista implementaria uma nova din?mica aos processos de ensino e aprendizagem
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Kozma, László [Verfasser], and Raimund [Akademischer Betreuer] Seidel. "Binary search trees, rectangles and patterns / László Kozma ; Betreuer: Raimund Seidel." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1114735019/34.
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Soto, José Antonio Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Contributions on secretary problems, independent sets of rectangles and related problems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67819.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 187-198).
We study three problems arising from different areas of combinatorial optimization. We first study the matroid secretary problem, which is a generalization proposed by Babaioff, Immorlica and Kleinberg of the classical secretary problem. In this problem, the elements of a given matroid are revealed one by one. When an element is revealed, we learn information about its weight and decide to accept it or not, while keeping the accepted set independent in the matroid. The goal is to maximize the expected weight of our solution. We study different variants for this problem depending on how the elements are presented and on how the weights are assigned to the elements. Our main result is the first constant competitive algorithm for the random-assignment random-order model. In this model, a list of hidden nonnegative weights is randomly assigned to the elements of the matroid, which are later presented to us in uniform random order, independent of the assignment. The second problem studied is the jump number problem. Consider a linear extension L of a poset P. A jump is a pair of consecutive elements in L that are not comparable in P. Finding a linear extension minimizing the number of jumps is NP-hard even for chordal bipartite posets. For the class of posets having two directional orthogonal ray comparability graphs, we show that this problem is equivalent to finding a maximum independent set of a well-behaved family of rectangles. Using this, we devise combinatorial and LP-based algorithms for the jump number problem, extending the class of bipartite posets for which this problem is polynomially solvable and improving on the running time of existing algorithms for certain subclasses. The last problem studied is the one of finding nonempty minimizers of a symmetric submodular function over any family of sets closed under inclusion. We give an efficient O(ns)-time algorithm for this task, based on Queyranne's pendant pair technique for minimizing unconstrained symmetric submodular functions. We extend this algorithm to report all inclusion-wise nonempty minimal minimizers under hereditary constraints of slightly more general functions.
by José Antonio Soto.
Ph.D.
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Manzer, Joshua Daniel Adrian. "Chronological rectangle digraphs." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/6989.
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Interval graphs admit elegant ordering and structural characterizations. A natural digraph analogue of interval graphs, called chronological interval digraphs, has recently been identified and studied.
We introduce the class of chronological rectangle digraphs, and show that they are a higher dimensional analogue of chronological interval digraphs. A main goal of this thesis is to establish a foundation of knowledge about this class, including basic properties and an ordering characterization. Our most significant result is a forbidden induced subdigraph characterization for the series-parallel digraphs which are chronological rectangle. We also discuss obtaining chronological rectangle digraphs from orientations of graphs.
In addition we introduce the related concept of the chronological interval dimension of a digraph, and determine the digraphs for which it is defined. Unit and proper chronological rectangle digraphs, defined analogously to unit and proper interval graphs, are also introduced and studied.Graduate
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ZHANG, HUI-RONG, and 張慧容. "Finding a largest empty rectangle." Thesis, 1985. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55173016758503991614.
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羅偉力. "Density Finding on a Rectangle." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33560090739466877692.
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碩士國立交通大學
資訊科學與工程研究所
97
We define the density finding problem on a rectangle(DFR for short) as follows. Given an m-by-n rectangle R, each unit block is attached with a value and a weight. A subrectangle S in R is an m′-by-n′ rectangle where 1 <= m′ <= m and 1 <= n′ <= n. The value(weight) of S is the sum of the value(weight) of each block in S. Let A and W be the value and weight of S respectively. The goal is to find a subrectangle S in R such that the density of S is closest to a specified real number δ, where the density of S is defined as the ratio of A and W, and L <= W <= U for two specified positive numbers L and U. When m = 1, Luo et al. [10] give a O(nlog n) time solution. Moreover, if δ → ∞, Chung et al. [5] and Bernholt et al. [3] both give O(n) time solutions in different ways. In this thesis, we will give a O(m^2nlog n) time solution for any δ and O(m^2n) time solution if δ → ∞ when m < n. Besides, we show that solving DFR takes Omega(mnlog n) when m < n.
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Hosseini, Alamdari Soroush. "Planar Open Rectangle-of-Influence Drawings." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6750.
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A straight line drawing of a graph is an open weak rectangle-of-influence
(RI) drawing, if there is no vertex in the relative interior of the axis
parallel rectangle induced by the end points of each edge.
Despite recent interest of the graph drawing community in rectangle-of-influence drawings, no algorithm is known to test whether a
graph has a planar open weak RI-drawing, not even for inner triangulated
graphs.
In this thesis, we have two major contributions. First we study open weak RI-drawings of plane graphs that must have a non-aligned frame, i.e., the graph obtained from
removing the interior of every filled triangle is drawn such that no two
vertices have the same coordinate. We introduce a new way to assign labels to angles, i.e., instances of vertices on faces. Using this labeling, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions characterizing those plane graphs that have open weak RI-drawings with non-aligned frame. We also give a polynomial algorithm to construct such a drawing if one exists.
Our second major result is a negative result: deciding if a planar graph (i.e., one where we can choose the planar embedding) has an open weak RI-drawing is NP-complete. NP-completeness holds even for open weak RI-drawings with non-aligned frames.
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Li, Yung Han, and 李泳翰. "Measuring trajectory similarity via moving rectangle intersection detection." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20123706249681073358.
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碩士國立清華大學
資訊工程學系
104
Similarity measurement is an important problem in trajectory analysis because it serves as a foundation for many applications, such as trajectory search, cluster- ing, and classication. Previously, most methods treat a trajectory as a sequence of points, and use point-to-point matching methods to measure the similarity of trajectories. In this thesis, we model a trajectory as a sequence of moving rect- angles along the time axis. Each moving rectangle creates an oblique rectangular column, aka a cuboid, in the three dimensional space spanned by the x-y axes and the time domain. The volume of the intersection between the cuboids formed from two sequence of moving rectangles is used as the similarity measurement between two trajectories. We developed an effective algorithm, called Moving Rectangle In- tersection Detection (MRID), to calculate the intersections. MRID runs linear time in terms of number of trajectory points, and can be integrated with trajectory com- pression algorithms to achieve even faster execution time. Experiments that use real GPS data show that MRID has better accuracy and performance than the Longest Common Subsequence (LCSS) method, which is a representative algorithm in the point based methods.
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Chiang, Ping-Fang, and 蔣秉芳. "Efficient Classification Using Density-Based Hyper-Rectangle Covers." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03806984035845338584.
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碩士國立中央大學
資訊工程研究所
100
In the fields of data modeling and machine learning, using exclusive hyper-rectangles which contain various classes of data in the Euclidean Hyper-Space as rules or knowledge, has been widely studied for data classifications. However, prior hyper-rectangle-based algorithms either take too much time on constructing hyper-rectangles for better classification results, or sacrifice accuracy of classification in return of less execution time. To solve this problem, this paper tries to propose a better hyper-rectangle-covering-based method, which produces good data classification results and yet executes efficiently. Considering both sides of larger data and more accurate result, this paper extends our idea to two novel, alternate heuristic methods, to fulfill different demands on precise classification and massive data usage. In this paper, we also provide a procedure to translate the results of the hyper-rectangle covers into conjunctive normal forms, which are more readable for human beings. We also point out an inherent restriction of the algorithms that use hyper-rectangles for data modeling, and propose a possible research direction to overcome the restriction.
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Chen, Jia-Bin, and 陳嘉濱. "Spectroelectrochemical characterization and applications of rhenium-based rectangle supramolecules." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k2ux62.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
化學工程學系碩博士班
90
Abstract Supramolecules of rhenium-based molecular rectangles are investigated into their electrochemical, spectroscopic and spectroelectrochemical properties in this dissertation. These Re complexes, [{(CO)3Re(μ-OR)2}{Re(CO)3(μ-L)}]2 where L = pyrazine (pz), 4,4’-bipyridine (bpy), trans-1,2-bis(4 -pyridyl)ethylene (bpe) and 1,4-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)ethenyl]benzene (bpeb), show multiple reduction and oxidation peaks corresponding to ligand (L) and metal sites respectively. The differences in the potentials between the two consecutive reduction reactions of L (ΔEpred (L)) show variations on changing L with a trend of bpy (0.63V) > pz (0.31V) and bpeb (0.54V) > bpe (0.27V) in different solvent. The shorter distance between the coordinating sites (Re-N…N-Re) has higher (ΔEpred (L)). When the metal reduction performs at the far negative potentials than -1.93V, the surface of electrode changes its color (bluish green in yellow solution) in DMF. Electronic absorption spectra of the complexes possess ligand localized π-π* and Re based metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) bands. UV-Visible spectroelectrochemical spectra reveal that MLCT bands are sensitive to redox processes of these complexes and the oxo-bridging ligands are stable under spectroelectrochemical processes. The spectrum of the complex with L = pz exposing in the air for two days reveals that MLCT band disappears in DMF. Cyclic spectrovoltammetry is used to deduce absorbance-wavelength-potential profiles and differential cyclic voltabsorptograms (DCVAs) and to identify the redox species generated during the electrochemical reactions. Also, a correlation between the absorption energies of MLCT transitions and differences in potentials between metal and ligand based redox reactions [Eabs(eV) vs. ΔE½(E½(Re0/Re+) �{ E½(L/L�{•))] is established. The thin-films of nanoscale porosities comprising of neutral rhenium based molecular rectangles with R = C4H9, L = pz (d ~ 0.4nm ×0.7nm), bpy ( d ~ 0.4nm ×1.2nm) and R = C8H17, L = bpeb (d ~ 0.4nm ×2.1nm) are strongly adherent and stable in aqueous media. Linear sweep voltammetry for electrochemical transport experiments indicate that the materials of L = pz and bpy show membranelike permeation via pores or tunnels of nanoscale diameter is the primary mode of transport of molecular or ionic species through thin films and the transport-relevant pore or tunnel diameter is defined by the cavity dimensions for the component molecular rectangles. However, all electroactive species are able to pass through the thin-film of material with L = bpeb and R = C8H17. From membrane diffusion model, quantitative descriptions of the permeability of electroactive molecules or ions are also reported. Nanoscale polyaniline was obtained by galvanostatic method of electrochemical polymerization on ITO coated a thin-film with complex of [{(CO)3Re(μ-OC8H17)2}{Re(CO)3(μ-bpeb)}]2. The characterization of polyaniline on ITO is obtained by using UV-Visible and FTIR spectra. About 20 to 40 nm of nanoscale polyaniline is observed from AFM images. By AFM images of thin-film ([{(CO)3Re(μ-OC8H17)2}{Re(CO)3(μ-bpeb)}]2) on ITO, the template roughness is showed. Besides this, the findings of significance from AFM study are simply that the film is continuous and microcrystalline.
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黃先敏. "On solving rectangle bin packing problems using genetic algorthms." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55250714787794083232.
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Yu, Ming-Chun, and 游銘群. "Efficient Direction-Constrained Layer Assignment for Rectangle Escape Routing." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18789284592146530312.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中華大學
資訊工程學系碩士班
102
Based on the constraints of the escape directions and the available boundaries in a single chip, the rectangle escape routing(RER) problem can be divided into four different problems: Direction-free boundary-free RER, Direction-free boundary-constrained RER , Direction-constrained boundary-free RER and Direction-constrained boundary-constrained RER. In general, it is necessary for the routability in a PCB to give the possible escape directions of any bus inside a chip as the direction constraint. In this thesis, the RER problem mainly focuses on direction-constrained boundary-free RER. Given a set of n buses with their possible escape directions in a pin array, it is important for direction-constrained boundary-free RER to minimize the layer count on the bus assignment in bus-oriented escape routing. For the bus assignment in bus-oriented escape routing, our proposed algorithm can be divided into two sequential stages: Direction determination and Bus assignment. In the direction determination, any bus inside a chip can be firstly, defined as a minimum rectangular region covering all the pins. Based on all the possible escape routing results of any bus inside a chip, a given pin array can be further partitioned into a set of non-overlapping regions. According to the definition of the possible and necessary buses on all the partitioned regions, an efficient algorithm is proposed to determine the escape direction of any bus for the minimization of the layer count. In the bus assignment stage, based on the crossing relation of the escape routing results between any pair of buses, a conflict graph can be firstly constructed. Based on the escape directions of all the buses inside a chip, all the crossing relations in a conflict graph can be further divided into the internal crossing relations and the external crossing relations. In bus merging for the internal crossing relations, the buses with the internal crossing relations can be clustered into a set of bus groups by using a left-edge algorithm and the conflict graph must be modified. Based on internal and external conflict relations between bus groups, all the bus groups can be further merged by using a vertex-coloring algorithm. Finally, all the buses in the same group can be assigned onto a single layer and all the buses inside a chip can be successfully assigned onto the available layers. For the given buses inside a chip, the experimental results show that our proposed approach obtains near-minimized layers for the tested examples.
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Chen, Chien-Ju, and 陳建儒. "Optimization of Rectangle Flat-panel Loudspeaker Carrying Attached Masses." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47153708775682309589.
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碩士國立交通大學
機械工程系所
96
Long rectangular radiating plates may have a major dip in mid frequency range on the sound pressure level (SPL) curve. In general, such dip can be harmful to the sound quality of the loudspeaker. In order to improve the SPL curve, symmetrically distributed masses can be placed on the panel to change its nodal line and modal shape. Use the experimental results to study the effects of distributed masses on acoustic radiation behavior of the plate. The finite element model of the loudspeaker is constructed through the software ANSYS. Substituting the amplitudes and phase angles obtained in the finite element analysis into the equation of sound pressure, we can determine the theoretical SPL curve of the plate. It has been shown that the theoretical and experimental SPL curves are in good agreement. The effects of magnitude and locations of the masses on the changes of modal shapes and the SPL curve are investigated. Observing the relationship between mass locations and SPL curve dip, we use an optimization technique to find the appropriate locations and magnitude of the masses that can yield smoother SPL curve. An appropriate mass is determined to suppress the detrimental modes of the radiating plate while at the same time, we can make the SPL curve smoother.
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Chen, Yi-Chun, and 陳怡君. "The Concept of "Perfect Rectangle" was Applied to Housing Design." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98hyta.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
創新設計研究所
98
The mathematical concept of "perfect rectangle" will be extended applications in architecture, and develop some new concepts and methods. It was found that there are thirty-six types arbitrary vertical and horizontal alignments of the experimental number from 1 to 6 (form-based architecture). Both horizontal alignment and vertical alignment are eighteen types especially. The exterior walls of all construction are the component of model unit. It is confirmed that breaking the monotony of industrialization to remove easily, to replace and save materials, and to combine the basic concepts of hollow floor, support columns and the raft foundation, so that may be put forward some useful structural forms and methods. The basic unit which was composed by the building extension body could make a total of 25 types. So many types could add the environment more variety and fun, and, visually, may help people identify quickly. In devices, we can set the energy board (capacity) on the light side by the application of today''s technology. The function of the roof garden are looking forward to achieve a green, cooling, water purification, water storage (health energy) and energy (clean energy). According to on” surface area", "use area", and "construction area”, we can learn the best advantage and weakness of the 25 construction.
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Tsao, Ming-Kai, and 曹珉愷. "Mechanism Design and Analysis of a Rectangle Solar Tracking System." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qfvk3y.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
機電整合研究所
100
This research developed solar tracking system with rectangular shape by using trusses, suspension cables, I-beams, circular tubes, steel rods, and slewing drives. Design requirements were defined to create the new solar system design. Its distinguishing feature is maximizing the usage of tension steel members to replace compression members to strengthen the structure and reduce total weight and cost. 3D CAD software was used to construct 3D model of the solar system. Interference check was performed for both stationary and dynamic situations. The outcomes of this research were filed for new patent.