Journal articles on the topic 'Records Australia Management Computer programs'
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Wagar, J. Alan, and E. Thomas Smiley. "Computer Assisted Management of Urban Trees." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 16, no. 8 (August 1, 1990): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1990.048.
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Commercial programs for computerized management of urban trees now offer the ability not only to retrieve, display, and summarize inventory and work records but also to compute tree values, map tree locations, track costs, develop profiles showing species performance, and to forecast future workloads. Computers are suited to such tasks as analyzing cost effectiveness, matching trees to sites, and guiding pest control. Computerizing is a commitment in management philosophy more than in time and funds and will normally save money. Before computerizing, however, you need to know your management objectives, how available software will meet them, the time until benefits are realized, and how to code data for greatest effectiveness in organizing and extracting information.
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Viola, Cristina N. A., Danielle C. Verdon-Kidd, David J. Hanslow, Sam Maddox, and Hannah E. Power. "Long-Term Dataset of Tidal Residuals in New South Wales, Australia." Data 6, no. 10 (September 23, 2021): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data6100101.
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Continuous water level records are required to detect long-term trends and analyse the climatological mechanisms responsible for extreme events. This paper compiles nine ocean water level records from gauges located along the New South Wales (NSW) coast of Australia. These gauges represent the longest and most complete records of hourly—and in five cases 15-min—water level data for this region. The datasets were adjusted to the vertical Australian Height Datum (AHD) and had the rainfall-related peaks removed from the records. The Unified Tidal Analysis and Prediction (Utide) model was subsequently used to predict tides for datasets with at least 25 years of records to obtain the associated tidal residuals. Finally, we provide a series of examples of how this dataset can be used to analyse trends in tidal anomalies as well as extreme events and their causal processes.
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Dixon, Deirdre. "Looking After Children in Barnardos Australia: A study of the early stages of implementation." Children Australia 26, no. 3 (2001): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200010324.
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Looking After Children (LAC), a case management system for children in out-of-home care, has been the subject of pilot implementation in several Australian states. Barnardos Australia, in association with the University of NSW, implemented LAC in all of its out-of-home care programs as part of an Australian Research Council (ARC) research grant, in 1997–99.This study looks at the factors affecting implementation of Looking After Children in Barnardos Australia out-of-home care programs during the initial twelve month period (1997–98). Information collected from interviews with eleven program managers, and examination of records containing LAC material on casework files, are used to explore factors which assisted or impeded LAC implementation. Similarities are highlighted between UK and Australian experiences of LAC implementation, and issues are raised of significance to agencies considering using LAC.
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Stuart, Katharine. "Methods, methodology and madness." Records Management Journal 27, no. 2 (July 17, 2017): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-05-2017-0012.
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Purpose This paper aims to present findings from a recent study examining current records management as fit for digital government in Australia. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws on findings from the first phase of research for a postdoctoral degree. This research was collected through an online quantitative survey of government records management professionals in Australia. The survey’s purpose was to understand whether the profession has kept pace with advances in, and expectations of, digital government. Building on the findings of the survey, this paper explores the concepts of methodology and methods and applies them to current digital records management in the Australian Government. Methodology for Australian Government digital records management is contained in the 2015 Digital Continuity 2020 policy. However, measuring method proved more difficult. The researcher supplemented data published by the National Archives of Australia and the Department of Finance with data from her own research to measure the validity of methods by examining suitability of current requirements. Findings Australian Government records management professionals overwhelmingly feel requirements, organisational culture and behaviour form a barrier to implementing successful records management programs. This paper finds that the Australian Government is buying ten times more digital storage per year than the sum of all of the digital Australian Government records known. This suggests perhaps not all records are recognised. While there will always be more storage than records, the ratio should not be so inflated. Further problems are found with requirements for records management being seen as mostly paper-based and too resource intensive to be of use. This research, combined with a contemporary literature review, shows that there is an imbalance with the current methodology and methods and asks the question: Has a methodology (Digital Continuity 2020) been created without suitable and known methods being in place? Research limitations/implications The method for collecting survey data was based on self-reporting, which can lead to limitations in that the population sample may exaggerate their response or demonstrate bias. However, responses to the survey were common enough to eliminate bias. The study is based on the Australian Government; however, findings may translate to other governments. This paper presents findings from the first phase of research of a postdoctoral degree. Not all findings are presented, only those relevant to the topic. Originality/value As the Australian Government moves to become a true digital government, records management is still required to ensure accountability of government actions and decisions. However, while the government transitions to digital, and information stores continue to grow, the question of whether records management has kept up with the rapid pace of digital information flow and expansion does not need to be asked. Instead, the time has come to ask, “What can we do to keep up?”
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Leslie, Heather. "Commentary: the patient's memory stick may complement electronic health records." Australian Health Review 29, no. 4 (2005): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah050401.
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THE SITUATION DESCRIBED by Stevens1 in the foregoing article is similar to that navigated by thousands of individuals in hospitals around Australia each day. Stevens has been able to identify gaps in communication, processes and timely availability of pertinent information which potentially put her health at risk. There is little doubt that her call for ?legible and enduring record systems accessible by appropriate people? (page 400) would be supported by most of the general community. Health information management is hugely complex, with large numbers of concepts and high rates of clinical knowledge change. Electronic health records (EHRs) are definitely not simple concepts that are solved by storing information in a relational database for use in a single organisational silo, but require the capture of the full breadth of health information in a manner that can be easily stored, retrieved in varying contexts, and searched. Then there is the additional and unique requirement of sharing this same information with a range of health care providers with differing foci, requirements, technical tools and term-sets. When you add in some of the other more lateral requirements such as medico-legal accountability, pooling data for public health research, and privacy, consent and authorisation for sharing sensitive health information, it becomes increasingly evident that health data management has no real equivalent in other industries. In order for shareable electronic health records to become ubiquitous, there are numerous building blocks that need to be in place ? appropriate levels of funding, legislative changes, consensus on a range of standards, stakeholder engagement, implementation of massive change management programs and so on, as outlined by Grain.2 Australia?s solution is the HealthConnect program ? a joint Commonwealth and state government initiative ? which is gradually identifying the required pieces, and laying them out in a systematic way to solve the e-health system puzzle.
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Mazza, Danielle, Christopher Pearce, Lyle Robert Turner, Maria De Leon-Santiago, Adam McLeod, Jason Ferriggi, and Marianne Shearer. "The Melbourne East Monash General Practice Database (MAGNET): Using data from computerised medical records to create a platform for primary care and health services research." Journal of Innovation in Health Informatics 23, no. 2 (July 4, 2016): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/jhi.v23i2.181.
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The Melbourne East MonAsh GeNeral PracticE DaTabase (MAGNET) research platform was launched in 2013 to provide a unique data source for primary care and health services research in Australia. MAGNET contains information from the computerised records of 50 participating general practices and includes data from the computerised medical records of more than 1,100,000 patients. The data extracted is patient-level episodic information and includes a variety of fields related to patient demographics and historical clinical information, along with the characteristics of the participating general practices. While there are limitations to the data that is currently available, the MAGNET research platform continues to investigate other avenues for improving the breadth and quality of data, with the aim of providing a more comprehensive picture of primary care in Australia
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Hume, Craig, Margee Hume, and Paul Johnston. "Creating Awareness and Practice." International Journal of Reliable and Quality E-Healthcare 5, no. 4 (October 2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrqeh.2016100101.
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This paper focuses on the important area of aged care services as a national priority with this a priority for many countries worldwide. The paper uses the aged care sector as an exploratory artifact. The Australian aged care system is widely considered as innovative and provides the benchmark for many countries developing reforms and strategies for aged care. Many countries including Australia are faced with increasingly ageing populations, with this demographic burden creating the need for policy reform and the introduction of new programs to improve the quality of life of senior citizens. This research adopts a qualitative and exploratory approach advancing on previous research. The paper discusses the benefit of knowledge management and innovative approaches to patient medical records, funding reporting and basic accreditation records with particular emphasis on the long-term improvements in knowledge sharing for healthcare delivery. This paper proposes the ARCC@T framework for Knowledge Management in Aged Care.
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Swensen, Greg. "A Short History of Managing Problematic Users of Alcohol in Western Australia by Mental Health Services." SUCHT 66, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0939-5911/a000649.
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Abstract. Aims: This paper examines the role that mental health services (MHS) performed in the management and provision of medical care and treatment of problematic users of alcohol in Western Australia (WA) over the period since 1900. Methods: The research involved an examination of legislative enactments and regulations, records of parliamentary debates in Hansard, administrative records in the State Records Office, and other sources of public information, such as departmental annual reports, reviews of services, studies and newspapers. Results: This research identified three eras of policy involving problematic users. The first, from 1900 to the mid 1970s, focussed on controls in inebriates and lunacy legislation to create a regime of civil commitment, designed to confine and compel ‘inebriates’, as well as ‘convicted inebriates,’ to ‘dry out’ and rehabilitate. The second, between 1975 and the late 1990s, involved the creation of a state-wide system of specialist service providers to provide treatment and recovery for problematic users. The system involved a spectrum of services that included a detoxification hospital, outpatient clinics and community-based regional services established and operated by a statutory public health agency, the Alcohol and Drug Authority (ADA). The third era, which commenced in the late 1990s, involved the transfer of all community-based services from the ADA to ‘not-for-profit’ non-government organisations (NGOs). The end result of this devolution was the ADA retained only a limited treatment role, as the operator of the inpatient detoxification facility. The balance of its functions were redefined in relation to the prevention of the use of alcohol and other drugs, primarily through support of mass public education programs, as well as oversight of funded NGO programs. The paper concludes with a consideration of a recent major development which involved administrative and legislative actions in 2015 to abolish the statutory body which had operated since 1975 and transfer administrative responsibility for drug and alcohol services into the Mental Health Commission.
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Barwick, Linda, Sharon Huebner, Lyndon Ormond-Parker, and Sally Treloyn. "Reclaiming archives: guest editorial." Preservation, Digital Technology & Culture 50, no. 3-4 (December 1, 2021): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pdtc-2022-0008.
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Abstract Highlighting perspectives from First Nations peoples whose cultural heritage is held in archives of various types, this article sets the scene for this special edition on “Reclaiming Archives.” Emerging protocols for Indigenous community engagement with archiving institutions have been driven by community demands for access, digitisation and return of archival cultural heritage records, and supported by various peak professional organisations such as the International Council on Archives, the International Council of Museums and the Indigenous Archives Collective. A complex history of exploitation, resistance and trauma surrounds First Nations cultural records created during Australia“s “Assimilation Era“ (roughly 1935-1975), and several contributions to the volume explore the implications of this colonial past for management and reclamation of such archival records today. Indeed, the authors contend that institutions today have much to learn from engagement with community members seeking to reappropriate their cultural records. The essay finishes by relating the issues outlined above to the articles presented in this issue, which provide perspectives from Australia and internationally regarding Indigenous cultural collections, with special reference to research-based collections of Indigenous music and dance.
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McDermott, Francis T., Gregory J. Cooper, Philip L. Hogan, Stephen M. Cordner, and Ann B. Tremayne. "Evaluation of the Prehospital Management of Road Traffic Fatalities in Victoria, Australia." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 20, no. 4 (August 2005): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00002570.
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AbstractIntroduction:This study was undertaken to identify prehospital system and management deficiencies and preventable deaths between 01 January 1997 and 31 December 1998 in 243 consecutive Victorian road crash victims with fatal outcomes.Methods:The complete prehospital and hospital records, the deposition to the coroner, and autopsy findings were evaluated by computer analysis and peer group review with multidisciplinary discussion.Results:One-hundred eighty-seven (77%) patients had prehospital errors or inadequacies, of which 135 (67%) contributed to death. Three-hundred ninety-four (67%) related to management and 130 (22%) to system deficiencies. Technique errors, diagnosis delays, and errors relatively were infrequent. One of 24 deaths at the crash scene or en route to hospital was considered to be preventable and two potentially preventable.Conclusion:The high prevalence of prehospital deficiencies has been addressed by a Ministerial Task Force on Trauma and Emergency Services and followed by the introduction of a new trauma care system in Victoria.
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Sanett, Shelby. "Archival Digital Preservation Programs: Staffing, Costs, and Policy." Preservation, Digital Technology & Culture 42, no. 3 (September 2013): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pdtc-2013-0019.
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AbstractA three-part longitudinal research study- conducted from 1999-2007-gathered information on management practices in national archives that were developing digital preservation programs. In the first two rounds, data was collected from surveys and interviews. The third round was an in-depth case study conducted at the National Archives of Australia (Sanett 2008). Three core areas of practice in the emerging digital preservation programs were selected for further exploration after the first round: staffing, costs, and policy. Generally, the data indicated that these three areas remained underdeveloped in archival digital preservation programs. This article discusses results of the study and is an overview of what has changed in these areas since the study ended in 2007.
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Davidson, Kamila, Helen Vidgen, Elizabeth Denney-Wilson, and Lynne Daniels. "How is children’s weight status assessed for early identification of overweight and obesity? – Narrative review of programs for weight status assessment." Journal of Child Health Care 22, no. 3 (February 13, 2018): 486–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367493518759238.
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Assessment of a child’s weight status is the first step in the management of childhood overweight and obesity. We reviewed routine assessment programs to inform early and routine identification of childhood overweight and obesity to address this global health issue. Twelve electronic databases were searched (Scopus, Web of Science, Wiley, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, PsycEXTRA, CINAHL, Primary Search, MEDLINE, ERIC, Academic Search Elite) for universal programs for weight status assessment of children aged 4–12 in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development – countries, which included more than one assessment and parents receiving feedback. Of 1638 papers found via database searches, and 18 additional records identified through other sources, 26 were included. Reference to five countries’ programs for weight status assessment was found in the results: Australia, Sweden, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States. All of these programs were implemented in a school setting. Lack of services, stakeholder collaboration, parental awareness and engagement and government funding need to be improved for this health check to be undertaken as a part of an ongoing program. This review is about the implementation of similar programs. Early identification of risk for overweight and obesity allows families that require help to connect with available health services.
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Kovlekov, Ivan, and M. Nesterovich. "ANALYSIS OF ELECTRONIC HR RECORDS MANAGEMENT IN STATE INSTITUTIONS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE STATE COMMITTEE ON PRICE POLICY OF THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA))." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 9, no. 3 (July 23, 2020): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2305-7807-2020-70-75.
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In modern conditions, the traditional manual manner of working with documents in business is replaced gradually by the most rational methods of conducting digital office using a personal computer. Nowadays in the software market there is a wide enough choice of various programs for personnel records management at the company. However, the best properly choice often has difficulties connected with the juridical status of the real consumer of the software, the purpose of its activities, computer literacy of workers and the current experience of using a particular software package. The relevance of the problem is due to the fact that the state character of the work and the specific legal framework of the state institution differ significantly from the one of doing business by commercial (private) enterprises, on which are mainly focused the majority of the human resources software applications. The situation of the issue of electronic personnel records management in state institutions was analyzed on the pat-tern of experience with personnel documentation established in the State Committee on Price Policy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The main aspects of the paperless office work was studied, covering a variety of procedures and routine works with documents, as well as the software itself for dealing with documents of the personnel database of the institution. The article presents the results of studying indicators of electronic document administration and comparative analysis of options for professional personnel management programs. It was noted that at the moment the level of electronic personnel records management in the state institution does not yet fully meet the requirements of modern digital personnel documents management. It was concluded that the destination of further improving the activity of the state institution and raising work on personnel records administration and HR management to a higher level could be solved only if the digital document system for personnel records and accounting will be applied with an operatively updated package of legislative and regulatory framework.
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Jones, Roger A. C. "Virus diseases of pasture grasses in Australia: incidences, losses, epidemiology, and management." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 3 (2013): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13134.
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This paper reviews current knowledge for Australia over the occurrence, losses caused, epidemiology, and management of virus diseases of pasture grasses. It also reviews all records of viruses in wild grasses likely to act as alternative host reservoirs for virus spread to nearby pastures or crops. Currently, 21 viruses have been found infecting 36 pasture or forage grass species and 59 wild grass species. These viruses are transmitted by arthropod vectors (mites or insects) or, in one instance, via grass seeds. Their modes of transmission are critical factors determining their incidences within pastures in different climatic zones. Large-scale surveys of perennial grass pastures growing in regions with temperate–Mediterranean climates revealed that Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), Cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV), and Ryegrass mosaic virus (RyMV) sometimes reach high infection incidences. The same was true for BYDV and CYDV when perennial pasture grasses and wild grasses growing outside pastures were surveyed to establish their occurrence. Smaller scale surveys of grasses growing both inside and outside annual pastures found that Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) infection could also reach high incidences in some annual grass species. Herbage yield loss data are available demonstrating potentially serious impacts on pasture production under Australian conditions from BYDV infection in perennial ryegrass swards, and from RyMV infection in both perennial and Italian ryegrass swards. Also, infection with BYDV or RyMV diminished the ability of infected pasture grass plants to compete with pasture legumes or weeds. Host resistance to BYDV, CYDV, and/or RyMV has been identified within a few temperate–Mediterranean pasture grasses, and is available for use in Australian pasture breeding programs. Integrated Disease Management tactics involving phytosanitary, cultural, chemical, and host resistance measures were devised against BYDV, CYDV, and RyMV infection in mixed species pasture, but no field experiments were undertaken with pasture grasses to validate their inclusion. Several other grass viruses that occur in other countries, but have not been looked for in Australia, are potentially important, especially in temperate–Mediterranean pasture grass species. With few exceptions, research on viruses of perennial or annual tropical–subtropical pasture or wild grass species growing within or outside pastures has focussed only on virus identification and characterisation studies, and information on incidences in pastures, losses caused, epidemiology, and management is lacking. Critical research and development gaps that need addressing are identified.
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Przeslawski, Rachel, Christopher J. Glasby, and Scott Nichol. "Polychaetes (Annelida) of the Oceanic Shoals region, northern Australia: considering small macrofauna in marine management." Marine and Freshwater Research 70, no. 3 (2019): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18060.
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Northern Australia has been the focus of recent marine biodiversity research to support natural resource management for both industry and conservation, including management of the Oceanic Shoals Australian Marine Park (AMP). Much of this research has targeted habitat-forming sessile invertebrates and charismatic megafauna, but smaller macrofauna and infauna may also be important because of their roles in ecosystem functions. In this study we characterised the biodiversity of polychaetes collected from four marine surveys to the Oceanic Shoals AMP between 2009 and 2012 from which sediment samples were elutriated (500μm) to separate macrofauna. We used this species-level inventory to examine several questions related to marine management, namely: (1) do polychaete assemblages vary among surveys; (2) can environmental variables or geomorphology explain differences in community structure; and (3) how do ecological patterns change according to taxonomic resolution (species, family) and functional group (feeding, habitat, mobility)? A total of 2561 individual polychaetes were collected from 266 samples, representing 368 species and 43 families, including new species and genera, as well as new family records for Australia (Iospilidae, Lacydoniidae). Polychaete species assemblages and functional groups showed variation among the surveys, but this was not observed at the family level. Species and family assemblages were weakly related to environmental factors, but functional groups showed stronger relationships. Plains and banks each supported distinct polychaete assemblages, although the latter showed temporal variation. The results provide baseline biodiversity and ecological data about polychaetes on the northern Australian shelf, and these are discussed in relation to marine management strategies. Notably, intersurvey and environmental patterns differ from those of larger sessile fauna (sponges) collected on the same surveys, highlighting the need to consider small macrofauna in monitoring programs of marine protected areas.
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Sun, D., R. J. Hnatiuk, and V. J. Neldner. "Review of Vegetation Classification and Mapping Systems Undertaken by Major Forested Land Management Agencies in Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 45, no. 6 (1997): 929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt96121.
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This paper provides a detailed review of the major vegetation classification and mapping systems used by the management agencies with primary responsibilities for forested land in Australia. It focuses on the clarification of vegetation units and methodologies used. The paper also provides a comparison of the different nomenclatures against a simplified standard to show how the different systems relate to each other. In Australia, different systems for classifying and describing forest vegetation have been developed by various forest land management agencies to suit their own situations. Most vegetation classification systems reviewed are similar in using floristics and structure as the two primary elements in classifying vegetation types, and all use growth form (physiognomy) to distinguish vegetation units. The classification and mapping systems for wood production purposes differ from those for conservation and environment purposes in several aspects—wood production classifications emphasise commercial tree species and/or attributes such as height, whereas conservation classifications emphasise ecology, vegetation coverage, and the importance of understorey species. There are three broad strategic approaches in the vegetation classification programs being undertaken by the major forest land management agencies in Australia: (1) conducting a single classification across the whole of the agencies’ land in a State; (2) conducting a vegetation classification at the regional level, but using the same methods in each region; and (3) using different methods depending on the specific objectives of individual studies. This paper highlights the value of accurate quantitative measurements in the field. For example, for the two key structural attributes of height and crown density, the measured raw data can be accommodated by a number of different classification schemes whereas if the raw data consists of only records by predetermined classes, then such accommodation is difficult and loses precision.
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Zu, Enhou, Ming-Hung Shu, Jui-Chan Huang, Bi-Min Hsu, and Chien-Ming Hu. "Management Problems of Modern Logistics Information System Based on Data Mining." Mobile Information Systems 2021 (September 20, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5241921.
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With the development of technology, the data stored by humans is growing geometrically. Especially in the logistics industry, the rise of online e-commerce has created a huge data flow in the informatized logistics network. How to collect, analyze, and organize this information in time and analyze the meaning of this information from it is a difficult problem. The paper aims to learn the management of logistics systems from the perspective of statistics. This article uses random analysis of 1,000 customers’ logistics records from the logistics enterprise information system, uses mathematical analysis and matrix theory to analyze the correlation among them, and analyzes customer types and shopping. The information on habits, daily consumption patterns, and brand preferences is classified and summarized using mathematical statistics. The experimental results show that the results of the study can well reflect customers’ daily habits and consumption habits. The experimental data show that mining effective and accurate information from massive information can help companies to quickly make decisions, formulate scientific logistics management programs, improve operating efficiency, reduce operating costs, and obtain good benefits.
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Ammenwerth, E., and A. Hoerbst. "Quality and Certification of Electronic Health Records." Applied Clinical Informatics 01, no. 02 (2010): 149–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2010-02-r-0009.
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Summary Background: Numerous projects, initiatives, and programs are dedicated to the development of Electronic Health Records (EHR) worldwide. Increasingly more of these plans have recently been brought from a scientific environment to real life applications. In this context, quality is a crucial factor with regard to the acceptance and utility of Electronic Health Records. However, the dissemination of the existing quality approaches is often rather limited. Objectives: The present paper aims at the description and comparison of the current major quality certification approaches to EHRs. Methods: A literature analysis was carried out in order to identify the relevant publications with regard to EHR quality certification. PubMed, ACM Digital Library, IEEExplore, CiteSeer, and Google (Scholar) were used to collect relevant sources. The documents that were obtained were analyzed using techniques of qualitative content analysis. Results: The analysis discusses and compares the quality approaches of CCHIT, EuroRec, IHE, openEHR, and EN13606. These approaches differ with regard to their focus, support of service-oriented EHRs, process of (re-)certification and testing, number of systems certified and tested, supporting organizations, and regional relevance. Discussion: The analyzed approaches show differences with regard to their structure and processes. System vendors can exploit these approaches in order to improve and certify their information systems. Health care organizations can use these approaches to support selection processes or to assess the quality of their own information systems. Citation: Hoerbst A, Ammenwerth E. Quality and certification of electronic health records – An overview of current approaches from the US and Europe. Appl Clin Inf 2010; 1: 149–164 http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2010-02-R-0009
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Sangeeth L R, Silpa, Saji K. Mathew, and Vidyasagar Potdar. "Information Processing view of Electricity Demand Response Systems: A Comparative Study Between India and Australia." Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems 12 (June 30, 2020): 27–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17705/1thci.12402.
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Abstract Background: In recent years, demand response (DR) has gained increased attention from utilities, regulators, and market aggregators to meet the growing demands of electricity. The key aspect of a successful DR program is the effective processing of data and information to gain critical insights. This study aims to identify information processing needs and capacity that interact to improve energy DR effectiveness. To this end, organizational information processing theory (OIPT) is employed to understand the role of Information Systems (IS) resources in achieving desired DR program performance. This study also investigates how information processing for DR systems differ between developing (India) and developed (Australia) countries. Method: This work adopts a case study methodology to propose a theoretical framework using OIPT for information processing in DR systems. The study further employs a comparative case data analyses between Australian and Indian DR initiatives. Results: Our cross case analysis identifies variables of value creation in designing DR programs - pricing structure for demand side participation, renewable integration at supply side, reforms in the regulatory instruments, and emergent technology. This research posits that the degree of information processing capacity mediates the influence of information processing needs on energy DR effectiveness. Further, we develop five propositions on the interaction between task based information processing needs and capacity, and their influence on DR effectiveness. Conclusions: The study generates insights on the role of IS resources that can help stakeholders in the electricity value chain to take informed and intelligent decisions for improved performance of DR programs. Recommended Citation Sangeeth L R, Silpa; Mathew, Saji K.; and Potdar, Vidyasagar (2020) "Information Processing view of Electricity Demand Response Systems: A Comparative Study Between India and Australia," Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems: Vol. 12: Iss. 4, Article 2. DOI: 10.17705/1pais.12402 Available at: https://aisel.aisnet.org/pajais/vol12/iss4/2
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Logan, Brendan, Kathryn H. Taffs, and Laura Cunningham. "Applying paleolimnological techniques in estuaries: a cautionary case study from Moreton Bay, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 9 (2010): 1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09277.
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Paleoecological techniques are useful tools to identify restoration targets and natural variability for natural resource management programs. However, despite recent advances, caution is required when employing paleoecological techniques in estuaries, due to their dynamic nature relative to lake environments where these techniques were pioneered. This study used a novel combination of chronological, diatom, geochemical and isotopic data to assess the effectiveness of using these techniques in estuaries, and to develop an understanding of environmental changes within Moreton Bay, an open estuarine environment in subtropical east Australia. Results indicated mixed success, with 210Pb results indicating only background unsupported 210Pb levels, 14C results indicating sediment deposition from mixed sources, no diatom preservation and inconsistencies between geochemical and isotope proxies. Evidence did exist that the Moreton Bay sediments have been derived from different sources over the past 10 000 years. However, isotope records were not able to identify the likely sources of these sediments. Problems with diatom preservation were most probably due to the high salinity and temperatures associated with subtropical open embayment estuaries. Future studies attempting to identify environmental histories of estuaries should incorporate river-influenced locations rather than marine-dominated sites to ensure better diatom preservation and more definitive geochemical signals.
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Leo, Fabian, Miriam Songa Stegemann, and Florian Maurer. "Antibiotic Stewardship bei ambulant erworbener Pneumonie." DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 145, no. 06 (March 2020): 383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0993-1164.
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AbstractAntibiotic stewardship (ABS) denotes structured and continuous measures to improve the quality of prescribing anti-infectives. The aim is to achieve optimal treatment results and to minimize undesirable effects, especially the emergence of antibiotic resistance. This review summarizes the most important ABS principles based on recently published studies with implications for the management of community-acquired pneumonia. Local guidelines, education and training and “prospective audit and feedback” are established strategies to improve the management of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. However, the implementation of ABS programs requires trained personnel and may be impeded by limited structural and time resources. Hence, electronic health records and computer-based interventions are useful support for ABS programs and offer potential to facilitate ABS in inpatient and outpatient care. PCR-based rapid diagnostic tests, PCT-guided algorithms and penicillin allergy testing are suitable procedures to supplement ABS programs.
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Patel, Jay S., Hoa Vo, An Nguyen, Bari Dzomba, and Huanmei Wu. "A Data-Driven Assessment of the U.S. Health Informatics Programs and Job Market." Applied Clinical Informatics 13, no. 02 (March 2022): 327–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1743242.
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Abstract Background Health Informatics (HI) is an interdisciplinary field, integrating health sciences, computer science, information science, and cognitive science to assist health information management, analysis, and utilization. As the HI field is broad, it is impossible that a student will be able to master all the diverse HI topics. Thus, it is important to train the HI students based on the offering of the various HI programs and needs of the current market. This project will study the U.S. HI programs, training materials, HI job market, the skillset required by the employers, competencies taught in HI programs, and comparisons between them. Methods We collected the training information for the 238 U.S. universities that offered MS, PhD, or postbaccalaureate certificate programs in HI or related professions. Next, we explored the HI job market by randomly checking 200 jobs and their required skillsets and domain knowledge. Then, we compared these skillsets with those offered by the HI programs and identified the gaps and overlaps for program enhancements. Results Among the 238 U.S. universities, 94 universities offer HI programs: 92 universities with MS (Master of Science), 43 with doctoral, 42 with both MS and doctoral, and 54 with certificate programs. The most offered HI courses are related to practicum, data analytics, research, and ethics. For the HI job postings, the three most technical skillsets required in HI job posting are data analysis, database management, and knowledge of electronic health records. However, only 58% of HI programs offer courses in database management and analytics. Compared with American Medical Informatics Association's recommended 10 fundamental domains, the HI curriculum generally lacks training in socio-technical systems, social-behavioral aspects of health, and interprofessional collaborative practice. Conclusion There are gaps between the industry expectations of HI and the training received in HI programs. Advance level technical courses are needed in HI programs to meet industry expectations.
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van der Does, E., A. J. Man in ’t Veld, M. A. Musen, J. H. van Bemmel, and J. van der Lei. "Response of General Practitioners to Computer-Generated Critiques of Hypertension Therapy." Methods of Information in Medicine 32, no. 02 (1993): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634911.
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Abstract:We recently have shown that a computer system, known as HyperCritic, can successfully audit general practitioners’ treatment of hypertension by analyzing computer-based patient records. HyperCritic reviews the electronic medical records and offers unsolicited advice. To determine which unsolicited advice might be perceived as inappropriate, builders of programs such as HyperCritic need insight into providers’ responses to computer-generated critique of their patient care. Twenty medical charts, describing in total 243 visits of patients with hypertension, were audited by 8 human reviewers and by the critiquing-system HyperCritic. A panel of 14 general practitioners subsequently judged the relevance of those critiques on a five-point scale ranging from relevant critique to erroneous or harmful critique. The panel judged reviewers’ comments to be either relevant or somewhat relevant in 61 to 68% of cases, and either erroneous or possibly erroneous in 15 to 18%; the panel judged HyperCritic’s comments to be either relevant or somewhat relevant in 65% of cases, and either erroneous or possibly erroneous in 16%. Comparison of individual members of the panel showed large differences; for example, the portion of HyperCritic’s comments judged relevant ranged from 0 to 82%. We conclude that, from the perspective of general practitioners, critiques generated by the critiquing system HyperCritic are perceived equally beneficial as critiques generated by human reviewers. Different general practitioners, however, judge the critiques differently. Before auditing systems based on computer-based patient records that are acceptable to practitioners can be introduced, additional studies are needed to evaluate the reasons a physician may have for judging critiques to be irrelevant, and to evaluate the effect of critiques on physician behavior.
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Letnic, Mike, and Greg Connors. "Changes in the distribution and abundance of saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) in the upstream, freshwater reaches of rivers in the Northern Territory, Australia." Wildlife Research 33, no. 7 (2006): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr05090.
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Since they were declared a protected species in 1971, populations of saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) have increased in the tidal rivers, freshwater swamps and marine waters of the Northern Territory. The recovery of the C. porosus population has been accompanied by an increase in the incidence of ‘problem crocodiles’ that represent a threat to people in freshwater and marine habitats. Despite the implications for human safety, little is known about C. porosus populations in the freshwater reaches of rivers, well upstream of tidal influence. In this study, we examined the density and body-size structure of C. porosus populations in three freshwater rivers using a combination of data from spotlight and helicopter surveys conducted between the 1980s and 2005, and the inland extent of C. porosus using distribution records in the Northern Territory. Since the 1980s, the density of C. porosus in upstream, freshwater reaches of the Daly and Roper rivers has increased, as has the inland extent of C. porosus on the Daly River. Although C. porosus was not detected in spotlight surveys of the Victoria River, helicopter survey and anecdotal records indicate that C. porosus was present after 1989. In all, 52.1% of the crocodiles sighted in spotlight surveys were 2.1–3.4 m long. Distribution records show that C. porosus occurs up to 235 km inland and at elevations of up to 126 m above sea level. The potential distribution of C. porosus is likely to be similar to that of barramundi (Lates calcarifer), a readily identifiable diadromous fish that must spawn in estuarine waters and occurs at elevations of up to 178 m above sea level. Because the density and inland extent of C. porosus in freshwater rivers is likely to increase, it is recommended that: (1) programs communicating crocodile awareness use the linkage between the presence of barramundi and the potential presence of C. porosus; (2) that crocodile warning signs be erected in upstream areas within the potential range of C. porosus; (3) that research be conducted on developing techniques to detect and exclude C. porosus from swimming areas; and (4) that widespread systematic surveys be undertaken to document the inland extent of C. porosus.
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Lynch, Elizabeth, Kate Laver, Tamina Levy, and Timothy Schultz. "‘The way that we are collecting and using data has evolved’ evaluating the Australian National Stroke Audit programme to inform strategic direction." BMJ Open Quality 12, no. 1 (January 2023): e002136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2022-002136.
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BackgroundThe National Stroke Audit has been used to audit and provide feedback to health professionals and stroke care services in Australia since 2007. The Australian Stroke Clinical Registry was piloted in 2009 and numbers of hospitals participating in the registry are increasing. Considering the changing data landscape in Australia, we designed this study to evaluate the stroke audit and to inform strategic direction.MethodsWe conducted a rapid review of published literature to map features of successful data programmes, followed by a mixed-methods study, comprising national surveys and interviews with clinicians and administrators about the stroke audit. We analysed quantitative data descriptively and analysed open-ended survey responses and interview data using qualitative content analysis. We integrated data from the two sources.ResultsWe identified 47 Australian data programs, successful programs were usually funded by government sources or professional associations and typically provided twice yearly or yearly reports.106 survey participants, 14 clinician and 5 health administrator interview participants were included in the evaluation. The Stroke Audit was consistently perceived as useful for benchmarking, but there were mixed views about its value for local quality improvement. Time to enter data was the most frequently reported barrier to participation (88% of survey participants), due to the large number of datapoints and features of the audit software.Opportunities to improve the Stroke Audit included refining Audit questions, developing ways to automatically export data from electronic medical records and capturing accurate data for patients who transferred between hospitals.ConclusionWhile the Stroke Audit was not perceived by all users to be beneficial for traditional quality improvement purposes, the ability to benchmark national stroke services and use these data in advocacy activities was a consistently reported benefit. Modifications were suggested to improve usability and usefulness for participating sites.
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Abad-Segura, Emilio, Alfonso Infante-Moro, Mariana-Daniela González-Zamar, and Eloy López-Meneses. "Blockchain Technology for Secure Accounting Management: Research Trends Analysis." Mathematics 9, no. 14 (July 10, 2021): 1631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9141631.
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The scope of blockchain technology, initially associated with the cryptocurrency Bitcoin, is greater due to the multiple applications in various disciplines. Its use in accounting lies mainly in the fact that it reduces risks and the eventuality of fraud, eliminates human error, promotes efficiency, and increases transparency and reliability. This means that different economic sectors assume it as a recording and management instrument. The aim is to examine current and emerging research lines at a global level on blockchain technology for secure accounting management. The evolution of the publication of the number of articles between 2016 and 2020 was analyzed. Statistical and mathematical techniques were applied to a sample of 1130 records from the Scopus database. The data uncovered a polynomial trend in this period. The seven main lines of work were identified: blockchain, network security, information management, digital storage, edge computing, commerce, and the Internet of Things. The ten most outstanding emerging research lines are detected. This study provides the past and future thematic axes on this incipient field of knowledge, which is a tool for decision-making by academics, researchers, and directors of research investment programs.
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Meinke, Holger, and Malcolm Ryley. "Effects of sorghum ergot on grain sorghum production: a preliminary climatic analysis." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, no. 8 (1997): 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a96164.
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Until 1996 the disease ‘sorghum ergot’ (Claviceps africana and Claviceps sorghi) was unknown in Australia. Following an outbreak near Gatton, the disease was found throughout most of the sorghum-producing areas in Queensland within 4 weeks. A climatic risk analysis was conducted to assess the likely timing and frequencies of further outbreaks of the disease across the main sorghum-producing regions of Australia. Based on the information available, likely conditions that could lead to a disease outbreak were formulated and a computer program developed to interrogate an existing database of long-term, daily weather records. Case studies were conducted for 10 key sorghum-producing locations, ranging from Narromine in central New South Wales to Mareeba in far North Queensland and Kununurra in Western Australia. For grain sorghum production, crops flowering in January and February are unlikely to be affected, regardless of location. However, in up to 30% of years, late-sown grain sorghum crops and crops flowering before January could be affected, depending on climatic conditions prior to and around anthesis. The frequency and timing of these events differed strongly temporally and spatially and appeared highest in high rainfall years and in regions with relatively cooler temperatures and more frequent autumn rains. Hybrid seed production (i.e. breeding programs) and forage sorghum production are likely to be more affected due to their inherently low pollen generation, again with strong regional variation. Further applications of the methodology, such as the development of an early warning system, based on phases of the Southern Oscillation Index, are discussed.
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McGreevey, John D., Colleen P. Mallozzi, Randa M. Perkins, Eric Shelov, and Richard Schreiber. "Reducing Alert Burden in Electronic Health Records: State of the Art Recommendations from Four Health Systems." Applied Clinical Informatics 11, no. 01 (January 2020): 001–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3402715.
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Abstract Background Electronic health record (EHR) alert fatigue, while widely recognized as a concern nationally, lacks a corresponding comprehensive mitigation plan. Objectives The goal of this manuscript is to provide practical guidance to clinical informaticists and other health care leaders who are considering creating a program to manage EHR alerts. Methods This manuscript synthesizes several approaches and recommendations for better alert management derived from four U.S. health care institutions that presented their experiences and recommendations at the American Medical Informatics Association 2019 Clinical Informatics Conference in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The assembled health care institution leaders represent academic, pediatric, community, and specialized care domains. We describe governance and management, structural concepts and components, and human–computer interactions with alerts, and make recommendations regarding these domains based on our experience supplemented with literature review. This paper focuses on alerts that impact bedside clinicians. Results The manuscript addresses the range of considerations relevant to alert management including a summary of the background literature about alerts, alert governance, alert metrics, starting an alert management program, approaches to evaluating alerts prior to deployment, and optimization of existing alerts. The manuscript includes examples of alert optimization successes at two of the represented institutions. In addition, we review limitations on the ability to evaluate alerts in the current state and identify opportunities for further scholarship. Conclusion Ultimately, alert management programs must strive to meet common goals of improving patient care, while at the same time decreasing the alert burden on clinicians. In so doing, organizations have an opportunity to promote the wellness of patients, clinicians, and EHRs themselves.
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Heider, Ann-Kathrin, and Harald Mang. "Integration of Risk Scores and Integration Capability in Electronic Patient Records." Applied Clinical Informatics 13, no. 04 (August 2022): 828–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1756367.
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Abstract Background Digital availability of patient data is continuously improving with the increasing implementation of electronic patient records in physician practices. The emergence of digital health data defines new fields of application for data analytics applications, which in turn offer extensive options of using data. Common areas of data analytics applications include decision support, administration, and fraud detection. Risk scores play an important role in compiling algorithms that underlay tools for decision support. Objectives This study aims to identify the current state of risk score integration and integration capability in electronic patient records for cardiovascular disease and diabetes in German primary care practices. Methods We developed an evaluation framework to determine the current state of risk score integration and future integration options for four cardiovascular disease risk scores (arriba, Pooled Cohort Equations, QRISK3, and Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation) and two diabetes risk scores (Finnish Diabetes Risk Score and German Diabetes Risk Score). We then used this framework to evaluate the integration of risk scores in common practice software solutions by examining the software and inquiring the respective software contact person. Results Our evaluation showed that the most widely integrated risk score is arriba, as recommended by German medical guidelines. Every software version in our sample provided either an interface to arriba or the option to implement one. Our assessment of integration capability revealed a more nuanced picture. Results on data availability were mixed. Each score contains at least one variable, which requires laboratory diagnostics. Our analysis of data standardization showed that only one score documented all variables in a standardized way. Conclusion Our assessment revealed that the current state of risk score integration in physician practice software is rather low. Integration capability currently faces some obstacles. Future research should develop a comprehensive framework that considers the reasonable integration of risk scores into practice workflows, disease prevention programs, and the awareness of physicians and patients.
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van der Lei, J. "Closing the Loop between Clinical Practice, Research, and Education: The Potential of Electronic Patient Records." Methods of Information in Medicine 41, no. 01 (2002): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634313.
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Summary Objective: To discuss the possible contribution of electronic patient records in closing the loop among clinical practice, research and education. Results and conclusions: Applying Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to a given medical domain is not merely adding a new technique. When introduced into an environment, ICT will initially often emulate or resemble the already existing processes. When workers and researchers in that domain begin to appreciate the potential of ICT, this initial stage is followed by more fundamental changes in that domain that take advantage of the potential of ICT. To understand the scope of the potential changes enabled by electronic records, three principle changes need to be understood. First, data recorded in computer memories can be readily retrieved and re-used for a variety of purposes. Second, once data are available in computer memories, the data can be transported easily. Third, as physicians (and patients) are using computers to record medical data, the same electronic record can be used to introduce other computer programs that interact with the user. New usage of data, however, generates additional requirements. Thus the experience in developing decision support systems and analyzing observational databases feeds back into the requirements for electronic medical records.Each patient-physician encounter, each investigation, each laboratory test, and each treatment in medical practice constitutes, in principle, an experiment. Ideally, we learn from each experiment. Electronic medical records will facilitate research that relies on data recorded in routine medical practice. The potential and challenge, however, of Medical Informatics lies in its ability to close the loop among clinical practice, research, and education.
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Balkı, Mustafa, and Mehmet Doğru. "Evaluation of two different imaging software programs in planning orthognathic surgery cases." International Dental Research 12, no. 2 (August 31, 2022): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2022.vol12.no2.5.
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Aim: In this study, we aimed to compare the two-dimensional predictions made by two computer software packages with the postoperative values, and thus to evaluate the clinical reliability of digital orthognathic surgery planning. Methodology: Orthodontic treatment was performed before orthognathic surgery, and the same surgical team performed double-jaw orthognathic surgeries. We included 20 individuals (10 females, 10 males) with skeletal Class III malocclusion. The average age of the individuals was 21.5 years. In our study, the amount of movement was determined using reference lines on lateral cephalometric radiographs obtained from the preoperative and postoperative Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) records of 20 individuals. Prediction profiles were formed using Dolphin Imaging (Dolphin Imaging & Management Solutions, Chatsworth, CA, USA) and NemoFAB 2D (Software Nemotec, S.L, Spain) computer softwares. In this way, the reliability and consistency of two-dimensional prediction software were examined. Results: The prediction profiles obtained from the computer software were compared with lateral cephalometric radiographs of the postoperative surgery results for 37 cephalometric parameters. There were no significant differences between software predictions and postoperative results in any cephalometric parameters. Conclusion: The plans and predictions made with the two computer software packages were reliable and can be used clinically. How to cite this article: Balkı M, Doğru M. Evaluation of two different imaging software programs in planning orthognathic surgery cases. Int Dent Res 2022;12(2):70-81. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2022.vol12.no2.5 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
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Zheng, Lili, Xinyu He, Tongqiang Ding, Yanlin Li, and Zhengfeng Xiao. "Analysis of the Accident Propensity of Chinese Bus Drivers: The Influence of Poor Driving Records and Demographic Factors." Mathematics 10, no. 22 (November 19, 2022): 4354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10224354.
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Previous studies have shown that bus drivers are a major contributing factor to bus accidents. The aim of this study is to explore the factors that contribute to the presence of accident propensity among bus drivers, as well as the relative importance of each influencing factor and the mechanism of influence. To this end, a C5.0 decision tree model was developed to determine the relative importance as well as rank the importance of the impact of poor driving records and demographic factors on accident propensity, and a binary logistic regression model was developed to analyze the relationship between accident propensity and the different values of each essential influencing factor. Based on our results, we found that: (1) the number of violations had the most significant effect on bus drivers’ accident propensity, followed by age, driving age, and number of alarms; (2) violations and alarms are positively related to bus driver accident propensity; age and driving age are inversely related to bus driver accident propensity; and (3) men have a higher accident risk probability than women. This study’s findings will help bus companies and traffic management authorities to implement more targeted improvements to their bus driver management programs.
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Seale, Deborah E., Cynthia M. LeRouge, Jennifer E. Ohs, Donghua Tao, Helen W. Lach, Keri Jupka, and Ricardo Wray. "Exploring Early Adopter Baby Boomers' Approach to Managing Their Health and Healthcare." International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications 10, no. 1 (January 2019): 94–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijehmc.2019010106.
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The Patient 3.0 Profile is used to explore to the patient engagement strategies of early adopter baby boomers' in three domains: 1) patient relationships, 2) health information use and 3) consumer health technology (CHT) use. Findings from six focus groups with early adopter boomers challenge prior notions about older adults' passive approach to patient engagement. Baby boomers want to make final healthcare decisions with input from providers. While adept at finding and critically assessing online health information for self-education and self-management, boomers want providers to curate relevant and trustworthy information. Boomers embrace CHTs offered through providers (i.e., patient portals, email and text messaging) and sponsored by wellness programs (i.e., diet and activity devices and apps). However, there is no indication they add information to their online medical records or use CHT for diagnosis, treatment or disease management. Additional resources are needed to encourage widespread adoption, support patient effectiveness, and confirm cost-benefit.
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Galičić, Vlado, and Slobodan Ivanović. "COMPUTERIZATION OF RECEPTION DESK BUSINESS IN HOTEL." Tourism and hospitality management 12, no. 2 (December 2006): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.12.2.10.
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Today in hotels reception desk business is executed with help of computer technology, through specially made application programs. Modern technology recently changed a lot way of reception desk business even if it still stayed the same. Different form of computer technology facilitated receptionists’ job specially internal communication connection which connects all hotel departments. In that way there are collected all necessary data only in one place. This brought faster way of working and that each receptionist now can do everything and can be in service to guests. For more quality managing of reception desk department business in hotel, today are developed particular methods of managing and account of income and out-goings made by activities in department of accommodation. With the aim of statement of business success of accommodation hotel department, hoteliers are advised to use those modern methods of records and account, because based on given indicators it is possible to state certain indexes which can be used for evaluation of quality of accommodation department business.
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Dyda, Amalie, Magid Fahim, Jon Fraser, Marianne Kirrane, Ides Wong, Keith McNeil, Maree Ruge, Colleen L. Lau, and Clair Sullivan. "Managing the Digital Disruption Associated with COVID-19-Driven Rapid Digital Transformation in Brisbane, Australia." Applied Clinical Informatics 12, no. 05 (October 2021): 1135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1740190.
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Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has forced rapid digital transformation of many health systems. These innovations are now entering the literature, but there is little focus on the resulting disruption. Objective We describe the implementation of digital innovations during the COVID-19 response of Australia's largest health service, Metro North (in Brisbane, Queensland), the challenges of the subsequent digital disruption, how these were managed, and lessons learned. Methods Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Australian state of Queensland created the Queensland Digital Clinical Charter, which provides guidance for the development of digital health programs. The guidelines utilize three horizons: digitizing workflows, leveraging digital data to transform clinical care, and reimagining new and innovative models of care. The technical response to COVID-19 in Metro North is described across these horizons. The rapid digital response caused significant disruption to health care delivery; management of the disruption and the outcomes are detailed. This is a participatory action research project, with members of the research team assisting with leading the implementation project informing the case report content. Results Several digital innovations were introduced across Metro North during the COVID-19 response. This resulted in significant disruption creating digital hypervigilance, digital deceleration, data discordance, and postdigital “depression.” Successful management of the digital disruption minimized the negative effects of rapid digital transformation, and contributed to the effective management of the pandemic in Queensland. Conclusion The rapid digital transformation in Metro North during COVID-19 was successful in several aspects; however, ongoing challenges remain. These include the need to improve data sharing and increase interoperability. Importantly, the innovations need to be evaluated to ensure that Metro North can capitalize on these changes and incorporate them into long-term routine practice. Moving forward, it will be essential to manage not only the pandemic, but increasingly, the resultant digital disruption.
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Robertson, M. J., G. J. Rebetzke, and R. M. Norton. "Assessing the place and role of crop simulation modelling in Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 9 (2015): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14361.
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Computer-based crop simulation models (CSMs) are well entrenched as tools for a wide variety of research, development and extension applications. Despite this, critics remain and there are perceptions that CSMs have not contributed to impacts on-farm or in the research community, particularly with plant breeding. This study reviewed the literature, interviewed 45 stakeholders (modellers, institutional representatives and clients of modelling), and analysed the industry-funded project portfolio to ascertain the current state of use of CSMs in the grains industry in Australia, including scientific progress, impacts and development needs. We found that CSMs in Australia are widely used, with ~100 active and independent users, ~15 model developers, and at any one time ~10 postgraduate students, chiefly across six public research institutions. The dominant platform used is APSIM (Agricultural Production Systems Simulator). It is widely used in the agronomic domain. Several cases were documented where CSM use had a demonstrable impact on farm and research practice. The updating of both plant and soil process routines in the models has slowed and even stalled in recent years, and scientific limitations to future use were identified: the soil–plant nitrogen cycle, root growth and function, soil surface water and residue dynamics, impact of temperature extremes on plant function, and up-to-date cultivar parameter sets. There was a widespread appreciation of and optimism for the potential of CSMs to assist with plant-breeding activities, such as environmental characterisation, trait assessment, and design of plant-breeding programs. However, we found little evidence of models or model output being used by plant breeders in Australia, despite significant impacts that have emerged recently in larger international breeding programs. Closer cooperation between geneticists, physiologists and breeders will allow gene-based approaches to characterise and parameterise cultivars in CSMs, demonstrated by recent progress with phenology in wheat. This will give models the ability to deal with a wider range of potential genotype × environment × management scenarios.
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Kemper, C. A., N. M. Lane, R. W. Carlson, M. A. Musen, and S. W. Tu. "A Methodology for Determining Patients’ Eligibility for Clinical Trials." Methods of Information in Medicine 32, no. 04 (1993): 317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634933.
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AbstractThe task of determining patients’ eligibility for clinical trials is knowledge and data intensive. In this paper, we present a model for the task of eligibility determination, and describe how a computer system can assist clinical researchers in performing that task. Qualitative and probabilistic approaches to computing and summarizing the eligibility status of potentially eligible patients are described. The two approaches are compared, and a synthesis that draws on the strengths of each approach is proposed. The result of applying these techniques to a database of HIV-positive patient cases suggests that computer programs such as the one described can increase the accrual rate of eligible patients into clinical trials. These methods may also be applied to the task of determining from electronic patient records whether practice guidelines apply in particular clinical situations.
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Lysenko, E., E. Polovneva, L. Timofeeva, K. Fedotovskih, V. Chistyakova, and A. Yur'eva. "Research of Educational Programs in the Trending Areas of Economics for University Integration to the International Educational Space: Case of the Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 11, no. 5 (November 24, 2022): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2305-7807-2022-11-5-43-53.
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The article is devoted to the monitoring study of educational programs offered by the world's leading universities in the most popular fields today: energy, computer and engineering sciences, human resource management. The master's degree programs of universities included in the QS World University Rankings and additional educational courses presented on the international Coursera platform were selected as the basis for comparative analysis. The role of internationalization in university practice is considered from the point of view of the strategic direction of development and increasing the competitiveness of the university in the world market of educational services. The features of educational programs successfully implemented in the conditions of internationalization of education in Russia and various parts of the world – Europe, Asia, America, Australia – are determined. It is revealed that the development of internationalization of Russian education takes into account the peculiarities of domestic regions and is carried out in line with global trends, which allows maintaining and developing competitiveness among foreign universities. Practical recommendations are formulated for the formation of a strategy for the integration of the Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin into the international educational space, maintaining and improving its competitiveness within the framework of the internationalization of educational programs.
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Woinarski, J. C. Z., A. Fisher, M. Armstrong, K. Brennan, A. D. Griffiths, B. Hill, J. Low Choy, et al. "Monitoring indicates greater resilience for birds than for mammals in Kakadu National Park, northern Australia." Wildlife Research 39, no. 5 (2012): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr11213.
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Context A previous study reported major declines for native mammal species from Kakadu National Park, over the period 2001–09. The extent to which this result may be symptomatic of more pervasive biodiversity decline was unknown. Aims Our primary aim was to describe trends in the abundance of birds in Kakadu over the period 2001–09. We assessed whether any change in bird abundance was related to the arrival of invading cane toads (Rhinella marina), and to fire regimes. Methods Birds were monitored at 136 1-ha plots in Kakadu, during the period 2001–04 and again in 2007–09. This program complemented sampling of the same plots over the same period for native mammals. Key results In contrast to the decline reported for native mammals, the richness and total abundance of birds increased over this period, and far more individual bird species increased than decreased. Fire history in the between-sampling period had little influence on trends for individual species. Interpretation of the overall positive trends for bird species in Kakadu over this period should be tempered by recognition that most of the threatened bird species present in Kakadu were unrecorded in this monitoring program, and the two threatened species for which there were sufficient records to assess trends – partridge pigeon (Geophaps smithii) and white-throated grass-wren (Amytornis woodwardi) – both declined significantly. Conclusions The current decline of the mammal fauna in this region is not reflected in trends for the region’s bird fauna. Some of the observed changes (mostly increases) in the abundance of bird species may be due to the arrival of cane toads, and some may be due to local or regional-scale climatic variation or variation in the amount of flowering. The present study provides no assurance about threatened bird species, given that most were inadequately recorded in the study (perhaps because their decline pre-dated the present study). Implications These contrasting trends between mammals and birds demonstrate the need for biodiversity monitoring programs to be broadly based. The declines of two threatened bird species over this period indicate the need for more management focus for these species.
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Kennedy, Brooke P. A., Bonny Cumming, and Wendy Y. Brown. "Global Strategies for Population Management of Domestic Cats (Felis catus): A Systematic Review to Inform Best Practice Management for Remote Indigenous Communities in Australia." Animals 10, no. 4 (April 11, 2020): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10040663.
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Pet domestic cat (Felis catus) populations are increasing all around the world, resulting in an increase in contact with humans and wildlife, potentially spreading zoonotic diseases and predating on wildlife. With the recently identified rise in cat populations in remote Indigenous communities in Australia, culturally appropriate cat population management strategies are required. A systematic review process was conducted to review the current global cat population management practices that are suitable for owned, free-roaming cat populations in these communities. Eight articles on in-situ field cat populations and five studies simulating computer modelled cat populations reported results of 66 population management interventions. Surgical Sterilisation (SS) was used in all socialised owned cat articles. The trap–neuter–release (TNR) method was used most frequently on unsocialised cats and gained the best results when the trap–remove (TR) method was used concurrently to adopt out unwanted social cats and euthanise ill or injured cats. The results of this review suggest that long-term TNR/SS programs supplemented with TR provide the current most ethically sound best practice, humane method of managing cat populations in remote Australian Indigenous communities. It is also recognised that no one plan will fit all, and that further research on the micro-level techniques used to deploy both TNR and TR needs to occur, and that culturally appropriate community consultation during all processes is vital in achieving a sustainable management program.
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Chen, E., T. Fernandez, M. Basheti, C. Gordon, and B. Saini. "P102 Sleep health management practices in Australian residential aged care facilities: The perspective of registered nurses." SLEEP Advances 3, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2022): A62—A63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac029.172.
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Abstract Background Sleep disturbances are commonly experienced by older people living in residential aged care facilities. Non-pharmacological approaches have a strong evidence base, however research shows that medications (sedatives, antidepressants, antipsychotics) are often used inappropriately. However, little is known about healthcare professionals’ current sleep health management approaches in residential aged care facilities. Aims and objectives This study aimed to explore the current sleep health management practices in Australian residential aged care facilities and investigate potential ways to improve non-pharmacological and pharmacological sleep health practices in the future. Design Qualitative inductive thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews guided by COREQ guidelines. Methods Semi-structured interviews were to be conducted with registered nurses and aged care pharmacists recruited using a convenience-sampling and snowballing approach. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and inductively analysed for emergent themes. Results Fourteen interviews were conducted with registered nurses in New South Wales. Thematic analysis derived three main themes: 1) Awareness and observations of sleep health, 2) Healthcare approach to sleep health management in residential aged care facilities and, 3) Organisational constraints to evidence-based sleep health care provision. Conclusion Registered nurses assess residents’ sleep health and attempt to manage sleep health through both non-pharmacological and pharmacological strategies. Organisational culture and staffing ratios negatively impact the delivery of best evidence-based practice but effective communication between the multidisciplinary team appears to facilitate management of sleep disturbances. Participants emphasized the need for sleep health educational programs and the development of national sleep health management guidelines across aged care in Australia.
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Taurus, Eunice, and Peter Wamae. "Land Records Digitization and Service Delivery in the Ministry of Lands in Kenya." International Journal of Current Aspects 6, no. 3 (October 8, 2022): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35942/ijcab.v6i3.278.
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The Kenya Ministry of Lands has been plagued with rampant delays in accessing land records, registry services and numerous clerical errors that have affected service delivery. It is evident that service delivery problems within the department have been problem for most policymakers which resulted in the launch of the National Lands Management Information System geared towards improving service delivery. There have however been minimal research efforts to determine how the systems has affected the ministry hence this study sought to examine the effect of digitization of land records management system on service delivery. The records continuum theory and the technology acceptance model formed the basis of this study. A descriptive approach was employed, and the population targeted of staff at the Ministry of Lands main registry at Ardhi House. The study sampled 154 officials within the headquarters at the Ministry of Lands who are involved in the lands records management system. Primary data was sourced using structured questionnaires developed under the guidance of the study objectives. Google forms supplemented the physical data to enhance the response rate. A pretesting was caried out on 10% of the sample participants to determine the research instruments’ validity and reliability. Data analysis focused both descriptive and inferential analysis. Findings were presented using charts and tables. The findings of the correlation tests established there is a strong positive and significant relation between digitization of land records (r = .806**, sig = .000<.05) and the service delivery at the Ministry of Lands in Kenya. This implies that a unit change in these variables will result in a unit change in the service delivery. The implementation of land records management system provides a technique and method for land planning, management quantification and rationalization together with quick inquiry, analysis and innovation of land information, provides supplementary support for decision making and improves the traditional land management system through computer technologies and communications network. The study recommended that the Ministry should put up appropriate training programs to keep its employees updated with the current job requirements and training should be geared to all employees regardless of their gender and job category. The study recommended that during the implementation of the land records management system, security should be of the paramount consideration while developing software and processing data and the need of security policies has to be clearly told to all the employees working in the Ministry and they should be directed to adhere to these policies. The study also recommended that an Integrated Land Information Management System should be properly implemented. This will ensure that the Ministry delivers services to the expectations of the clients.
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Keane, Robert E. "Describing wildland surface fuel loading for fire management: a review of approaches, methods and systems." International Journal of Wildland Fire 22, no. 1 (2013): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf11139.
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Wildland fuelbeds are exceptionally complex, consisting of diverse particles of many sizes, types and shapes with abundances and properties that are highly variable in time and space. This complexity makes it difficult to accurately describe, classify, sample and map fuels for wildland fire research and management. As a result, many fire behaviour and effects software prediction systems use a generalised description of fuels to simplify data collection and entry into various computer programs. There are several major fuel description systems currently used in the United States, Canada and Australia, and this is a source of confusion for many in fire management. This paper (1) summarises the challenges of describing fuels, (2) contrasts approaches (association, classification and abstraction) for developing fuel description systems and (3) discusses possible future directions in wildland fuel description and science to transition to a universal fuel description system. Most discussion centres on surface fuel loadings as the primary descriptive characteristic. This synthesis paper is intended to provide background for understanding surface fuel classification and description systems and their use in simulating fire behaviour and effects, quantifying carbon inventories and evaluating site productivity.
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Chruściel-Nogalska, Małgorzata, Tomasz Smektała, Marcin Tutak, Katarzyna Sporniak-Tutak, and Raphael Olszewski. "OPEN-SOURCE SOFTWARE IN DENTISTRY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, no. 4 (2017): 487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317000708.
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Objectives:Technological development and the need for electronic health records management resulted in the need for a computer with dedicated, commercial software in daily dental practice. The alternative for commercial software may be open-source solutions. Therefore, this study reviewed the current literature on the availability and use of open-source software (OSS) in dentistry.Methods:A comprehensive database search was performed on February 1, 2017. Only articles published in peer-reviewed journals with a focus on the use or description of OSS were retrieved. The level of evidence, according to Oxford EBM Centre Levels of Evidence Scale was classified for all studies. Experimental studies underwent additional quality reporting assessment.Results:The screening and evaluation process resulted in twenty-one studies from 1,940 articles found, with 10 of them being experimental studies. None of the articles provided level 1 evidence, and only one study was considered high quality following quality assessment.Twenty-six different OSS programs were described in the included studies of which ten were used for image visualization, five were used for healthcare records management, four were used for educations processes, one was used for remote consultation and simulation, and six were used for general purposes.Conclusions:Our analysis revealed that the dental literature on OSS consists of scarce, incomplete, and methodologically low quality information.
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Widyanto, R. Arri, Sunarni Sunarni, and Andi Triyanto. "Program Kemitraan Universitas bagi Pengurus Kelompok Tani Sumber Rejeki III untuk Mengelola Administrasi Keuangan Syariah." JPM (Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat) 4, no. 2 (October 3, 2019): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21067/jpm.v4i2.3248.
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Sumber Rejeki III Farmers Group is an organization that accommodates farmers in Turen, Kradenan Village. Currently there are 45 active members of farmer groups, all of whom are from Turen. The management of the average main job is farmers who are on average 48 years old. The level of education of the management of high school and equivalent farmer groups. The level of mastery of computer operations 0% of all managers. The problem that occurs in this farmer group is that there are no administrators who can operate the computer, so the administration has not been well organized. All documents are written manually using separate books and note papers. Especially in making reports of Lembaga Keuangan Mikro(LKM) that must be reported every month to farmer groups, they must collect from many records and not infrequently there are records that are scattered or lost which cause reports especially financial statements to be invalid. The objectives of this partnership program are: (a) Giving skills to operate computers, especially office application programs for farmer group administrators. (b) Giving skills in making invitations automatically using a mail merge facility. (c). Improve ability in recording and making financial reports. The methods used: (a) the preparation stage, (b) the implementation stage, (c) the evaluation phase and (d) preparing the report. The results of this activity, the average level of mastery of computer utilization for administrative activities are as follows: Mastering (0.78%) and Self-mastering (0.22%), Output of PKU is increasing the ability of partners to use computer applications for administration to 70% of the original target of 50%. In addition, savings and loan activities for these farmer groups' LKM use the sharia accounting system
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Kannry, Joseph, Jeff Smith, Vishnu Mohan, Bruce Levy, John Finnell, and Christoph U. Lehmann. "Policy Statement on Clinical Informatics Fellowships and the Future of Informatics-Driven Medicine." Applied Clinical Informatics 11, no. 05 (October 2020): 710–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1717117.
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AbstractBoard certified clinical informaticians provide expertise in leveraging health IT (HIT) and health data for patient care and quality improvement. Clinical Informatics experts possess the requisite skills and competencies to make systems-level improvements in care delivery using HIT, workflow and data analytics, knowledge acquisition, clinical decision support, data visualization, and related informatics tools. However, these physicians lack structured and sustained funding because they have no billing codes. The sustainability and growth of this new and promising medical subspecialty is threatened by outdated and inconsistent funding models that fail to support the education and professional growth of clinical informaticians. The Clinical Informatics Program Directors' Community is calling upon the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to consider novel funding structures and programs through its Innovation Center for Clinical Informatics Fellowship training. Only through structural and sustained funding for Clinical Informatics fellows will be able to fully develop the potential of electronic health records to improve the quality, safety, and cost of clinical care.
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Allen, B. A., P. D. Clayton, and J. J. Cimino. "Medical Informatics Training at Columbia University and the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 04, no. 01 (August 1995): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638029.
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Abstract:The Department of Medical Informatics at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons consists of a faculty of 17 full-and part-time faculty. The Department faculty collaborate with the Department of Computer Science and several clinical departments of the medical center. We offer courses in medical informatics, formal degrees (M.A., M.Phil. and Ph.D.) and a postdoctoral training program. In addition to academic offerings, the close affiliation with the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center and the primary responsibilities for clinical information systems offers trainees unique opportunities to work with and develop real-world applications. Faculty research programs include work on the Integrated Advanced Information Management System (IAIMS), Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), High-Perfor-mance Computing and Communications (HPCC), Electronic Medical Records, automated decision support and technology transfer through the Center for Advanced Technology.
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Barker, Sean M., and Jane E. Williamson. "Collaborative photo-identification and monitoring of grey nurse sharks (Carcharias taurus) at key aggregation sites along the eastern coast of Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 9 (2010): 971. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09215.
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Before the worldwide decline of the ‘globally vulnerable’ Carcharias taurus may be addressed, an understanding of its migratory patterns and locations, and/or times when sharks may be vulnerable, is required to identify habitats that are critical to its survival. A collaborative framework for photo-identification and monitoring of C. taurus may greatly assist with conservation management initiatives. Images of C. taurus were sourced from public submissions to the www.spotashark.com (verified 12 February 2009) website and during targeted surveys. A computer-assisted program (I3S) was used to match the images of sharks photographically from the database. Research revealed patterns of movement, site utilisation and population structure similar to those in previous tagging studies. With the use of an underwater camera and two laser-scaling devices, 408 individual sharks were identified. Average occupancy times at two locations in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, were 308 days (Fish Rock) and 363 days (Magic Point). Seventeen individuals undertook northward or southward movements, averaging 350 km. The present study showed that a broad-based technique for data acquisition, coupled with rigorous evaluation of photographic identifications can provide support for local research and management programs and may aid with the conservation of the C. taurus species worldwide.
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Goldsworthy, S. D., M. Giese, R. P. Gales, N. Brothers, and J. Hamill. "Effects of the Iron Baron oil spill on little penguins (Eudyptula minor). II. Post-release survival of rehabilitated oiled birds." Wildlife Research 27, no. 6 (2000): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr99076.
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The post-release survival of rehabilitated oiled little penguins (Eudyptula minor) was monitored over 20 months following the Iron Baron oil spill (10 July 1995) in northern Tasmania, Australia. During rehabilitation, over 1800 little penguins were individually banded and detailed records kept of factors including their degree of oiling, sex, capture and release mass and capture and release condition. Post-release survival of rehabilitated oiled little penguins was assessed through regular trapping of birds over two breeding sites (Ninth Island and Low Head). The minimum estimate of post-release survival was 59% for penguins from Ninth Island and 44% for penguins from Low Head. Rehabilitated oiled little penguins had significantly lower survival than non-oiled birds at both sites. The main factor affecting post-release survival was the extent of oiling, which itself had a significant influence on the capture mass and condition of birds. Combined, these factors had the greatest power to predict post-release survival. Other factors that significantly affected post-release survival included release mass and condition, and the sex of the bird. The duration of rehabilitation and whether birds were translocated (200–410 km) from their capture site prior to release did not significantly affect survival. The results of this study indicate how aspects of oiling, the condition of birds and rehabilitation affect post-release survival. As such, they will help improve the success of wildlife rehabilitation in future spills, and highlight the importance of individually marking rehabilitated oiled wildlife and post-release monitoring in assessing the success of rehabilitation programs.
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Barnett, Stephen, Joan Henderson, Adam Hodgkins, Christopher Harrison, Abhijeet Ghosh, Bridget Dijkmans-Hadley, Helena Britt, and Andrew Bonney. "A valuable approach to the use of electronic medical data in primary care research: Panning for gold." Health Information Management Journal 46, no. 2 (October 12, 2016): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1833358316669888.
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Background: Electronic medical data (EMD) from electronic health records of general practice computer systems have enormous research potential, yet many variables are unreliable. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare selected data variables from general practice EMD with a reliable, representative national dataset (Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health (BEACH)) in order to validate their use for primary care research. Method: EMD variables were compared with encounter data from the nationally representative BEACH program using χ2 tests and robust 95% confidence intervals to test their validity (measure what they reportedly measure). The variables focused on for this study were patient age, sex, smoking status and medications prescribed at the visit. Results: The EMD sample from six general practices in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia, yielded data on 196,515 patient encounters. Details of 90,553 encounters were recorded in the 2013 BEACH dataset from 924 general practitioners. No significant differences in patient age ( p = 0.36) or sex ( p = 0.39) were found. EMD had a lower rate of current smokers and higher average scripts per visit, but similar prescribing distribution patterns. Conclusion: Validating EMD variables offers avenues for improving primary care delivery and measuring outcomes of care to inform clinical practice and health policy.