Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Recording'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Recording.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Olson, Ted. "Recording Review of Charlie Poole with The Highlanders: Complete Recordings." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1165.
Full textOlson, Ted. "Recording Review of Parchman Farm: Photographs and Field Recordings, 1947-55." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1169.
Full textVann, Stephanie Louise. "Recording the facts : a generic recording system for animal palaeopathology." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30814.
Full textLee, Hyun-Kyu, Hyun-So Lee, and Jae-Hoon Song. "Research About the Efficient Recording Structure of Installed Data Recording Devices." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/595772.
Full textAlthough the wireless data transmission technologies have evolved significantly, data recording devices are still being used because of the limitations of data rates and reliability issues over wireless environment in the avionics, military, space etc. Payload has limitation of weight. In addition, storage has limitation of capacity. So, we need to research about a data recording structure within a limited amount of memory. In this paper, we propose a new data recording structure through a condition necessary for efficient use of memory. The proposed structure has an equivalent function as other recording systems. But, it uses less memory than the other equivalent recording structures.
Cranley, Nikki, and Diarmuid Corry. "Recording in the iNET Architecture: Moving to the Future of Recording." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604269.
Full textAt the heart of many networked Flight Test Instrumentation (FTI) systems is the Network- Recorder. The high data rates typical in networked FTI systems put increased demands on the Network-Recorder to support ever faster read and write rates. However, thanks to the developments in CompactFlash and SATA technologies, such recording rates are achievable in the Network-Recorder. This paper discusses several ways in which the recorder can be optimized to improve the memory capacity usage, writing speed and relevance of the recorded data.
Bashir, Muhammad Asif. "Alternative magnetic recording technologies." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555664.
Full textWood, Tracy G. "Modern Data Acquisition Recording." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604911.
Full textBrower, Alfred N. "DIGITAL WIDEBAND RECORDING SYSTEMS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606438.
Full textHistorically, those interested in recording one or more channels with analog content of greater than or equal to 2 MHz, must use an analog recorder. In the last few years, advancements in analog-to-digital converter technology, performance enhancement in Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), and digital recording devices have made cost-effective, wideband recording applications possible through the use of all-digital techniques. This paper has three objectives: 1. It attempts to explain the benefits of a wideband digital recorder over the traditional analog variety. 2. It discusses the key elements of a wideband digital recorder. 3. It presents a realizable 10-channel, 30 Mbit PCM digital recorder solution. 4. It presents a realizable 14-channel, 2 MHz (bandwidth) digital recorder solution.
Olson, Ted. "Recording Review of Folksongs of Another America: Field Recordings from the Upper Midwest, 1937-1946." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1143.
Full textWadsworth, Peter James. "Strawberry Recording Studios and the development of recording studios in Britain c.1967-93." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:86691.
Full textBurkert, Till. "Materials for Magnetic Recording Applications." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Physics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5800.
Full textIn the first part of this work, the influence of hydrogen on the structural and magnetic properties of Fe/V(001) superlattices was studied. The local structure of the vanadium-hydride layers was determined by extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements. The magnetic ordering in a weakly coupled Fe/V(001) superlattice was investigated using the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE). The interlayer exchange coupling is weakened upon alloying with hydrogen and a phase with short-range magnetic order was observed.
The second part is concerned with first-principles calculations of magnetic materials, with a focus on magnetic recording applications. The uniaxial magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) of Fe, Co, and Ni was calculated for tetragonal and trigonal structures. Based on an analysis of the electronic states of tetragonal Fe and Co at the center of the Brillouin zone, tetragonal Fe-Co alloys were proposed as a material that combines a large uniaxial MAE with a large saturation magnetization. This was confirmed by experimental studies on (Fe,Co)/Pt superlattices. The large uniaxial MAE of L10 FePt is caused by the large spin-orbit interaction on the Pt sites in connection with a strong hybridization between Fe and Pt. Furthermore, it was shown that the uniaxial MAE can be increased by alloying the Fe sublattice with Mn. The combination of the high-moment rare-earth (RE) metals with the high-TC 3d transition metals in RE/Cr/Fe multilayers (RE = Gd, Tb, Dy) gives rise to a strong ferromagnetic effective exchange interaction between the Fe layers and the RE layer. The MAE of hcp Gd was found to have two principal contributions, namely the dipole interaction of the large localized 4f spins and the band electron magnetic anisotropy due to the spin-orbit interaction. The peculiar temperature dependence of the easy axis of magnetization was reproduced on a qualitative level.
Aveyard, Jon Ranulf. "Portfolio of compositions [sound recording]." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487171.
Full textBrown, Stephen J. C. "Analytical investigations in magnetic recording." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2741.
Full textChavez, Dylan 1981. "Electromagnetic recording and playback device." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32830.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaf 24).
The purpose of this thesis is the design and manufacture of an electromagnetic recording and playback device. The device was designed to record information onto a steel wire which can replay the signal. The device is of simple mechanical design, resilient to impacts, minor compression, and operator error. The design has a minimal number of parts and requires limited maintenance or replacement of parts. The device is comprised of three systems: a magnetic head, transport system, and a support structure. Each of these systems is described and mechanical drawings for all parts are included.
by Dylan Chavez.
S.B.
Price, Samantha Jayne. "Chalcogenide alloys for optical recording." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621122.
Full textRoach, John, and John Hildin. "AN IP-BASED RECORDING SYSTEM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604032.
Full textTraditionally, acquired instrumentation data on a non-destructive test article is recorded to a nonvolatile memory recorder. The data acquisition system usually samples and formats its inputs before transmitting the data to the recorder (also known in this paper as a data sink) via a PCM serial data stream (i.e., clock and data). In a network-based data acquisition architecture, the inclusion of an IP-based recorder adds a new dimension to the data acquisition process. Any IP network inherently allows for the bi-directional exchange of data. In this environment, the IPbased recorder can be treated as both a data sink for parameter recording and a data source for parameter extraction, data rate statistics, and recorder status reporting. The network model recasts the data recorder’s function as a file server to which multiple clients could be simultaneously requesting services. Those clients that represent the data acquisition nodes are requesting storage of their acquired parameters. Clients, such as transmitters or test engineers, are requesting access to archived data or status information for further processing. This paper presents the advantages of using an IP-based recorder in a network-based data acquisition system. The availability of an IP interface along with the intelligence built into the recorder expands its capabilities beyond that of a conventional PCM recorder. These capabilities include real-time health monitoring, support for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), data mining, reporting of real-time performance and network statistics.
Lockard, Michael T., and James A. Jr Garling. "CHAPTER 10 RECORDING STANDARD UPDATE." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604053.
Full textThe IRIG 106 Chapter 10 Standard has evolved significantly since its inception. This paper covers the background, technology, status, users, supporting vendors and future considerations such as ground-based recording and archiving. Also covered are samples of toolsets available for troubleshooting, validation, data processing and display of Chapter 10 data
Gaddis, William R. Jr, and Sawn Sandland. "AATIS AND CAIS DATA RECORDING." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608876.
Full textDOD flight test centers need affordable, small-format, flight-qualified digital instrumentation recording solutions to support existing and future flight testing. The Advanced Airborne Test Instrumentation System (AATIS) is today's primary data acquisition system at the Air Force Flight Test Center (AFFTC). Digital Recorder (DR) 1995 is planned to provide full support for AATIS output capabilities and satisfy initial recording requirements for the Common Airborne Instrumentation System (CAIS). The follow-on to the AATIS, the CAIS is a tri-service development to satisfy future DOD flight test data acquisition requirements. DR 2000 is planned as the future recording solution for CAIS and will be able to fully satisfy the 50 Mbps recording requirement. In the developments of DR 1995 and DR 2000, commonality and interoperability have emerged as significant issues. This paper presents an overview of these recording solutions and examines commonality and interoperability issues.
Kayes, Edwin. "Micro-Track Digital Cassette Recording." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611878.
Full textThe increasing availability of powerful yet relatively inexpensive data acquisition and processing techniques has precipitated a radical reappraisal of the methods used to capture, manipulate and store data of all kinds. Some of the recently introduced recording systems can be used both for fast data capture and for high capacity archival/back-up applications - effectively bridging a long-standing divide between these two formerly diverse aspects of data recording and processing. This paper offers a brief overview of a new technology known as micro-track recording, and suggests ways in which system designers and integrators may take full advantage of its important new facilities and features.
Gustin, Thomas W. "Data Acquisition & Recording System." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615267.
Full textThe Data Acquisition & Recording System (DARS) is a totally self-contained, high technology data conversion and acquisition system, especially designed for unconstrained and hostile test environments. This system's initial use is for the Advanced Dynamic Anthropomorphic Manikin (ADAM), a test article for acquiring physical event and performance information from both the fully instrumented manikin which contains this system, and from the advanced technology CREST ejection seat upon which it rides. The ADAM development program was sponsored by the Air Force's Aeronautical Systems Division, Life Support Systems Program Office, and the Armstrong Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory. This paper presents the system level design of the DARS with emphasis on techniques used to solve special applications problems including survival in high 'G' tests, high speed computer controlled acquisition activities emulating PCM functions, simultaneous Telemetry and onboard data storage techniques, special sensing techniques, and a custom generic signal conditioning front end system. The presentation will conclude with several types of test environments and scenarios chosen to demonstrate the capabilities of the DARS, including the ADAM application.
Law, Eugene L. "DOUBLE DENSITY ANALOG MAGNETIC RECORDING." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615562.
Full textThis paper discusses measured performance of double density recording. Tests were conducted using different recorders, playback machines, and magnetic tapes. The main topics discussed are slot signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and high density digital bit error rate (BER).
Schoeck, Kenneth O. "HIGH SPEED DOUBLE DENSITY RECORDING." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615564.
Full textThe Western Space and Missile Center has requirements to record high bit rate PCM telemetry data in both predetection and post-detection formats. Recording time is inadequate using standard wideband instrumentation magnetic tape recorder/reproducers. Using double density recording technology, recording time can be doubled, but results in some degradation in recorder performance. This paper discusses the effects of double density recording on recorder performance and on the quality of high bit rate telemetry data.
Hedeman, Walter R. Jr. "WRITE NOISE IN MAGNETIC RECORDING." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615733.
Full textA novel source of noise is identified and described in this study. If a continuous recording medium is less than perfectly uniform, a given quantity may be recorded differently at different locations in the medium. Inadvertent “encoding” occurs, embedding noise in the signal. Symmetrical sideband noise power results from amplitude and phase modulation of the signal stream by the nonuniform recording medium. “Write noise”, so-called because writing is required, is correlated in amplitude with signal amplitude, and its mean frequency is the signal frequency. It is the dominant noise source for the current generation of recorders and tapes; its power spectrum is almost the same as the power spectrum of the signal. The ratio of standard deviation to mean value of the signal envelope when recording cw signals is an absolute measure of tape quality independent of record level, tape speed, and track width, and establishes an available signal-to-noise ratio which cannot be exceeded. It is assumed that the recorder output has a normal amplitude distribution about its mean value. Theory is confirmed by experiment, within experimental error, for cw and digital recording.
Semenets, V. V., M. V. Neofitnyy, Yu P. Machekhin, O. S. Hnatenko, V. I. Zarytskyi, and S. V. Gulak. "Laser system for recording optics." Thesis, CAOL, 2019. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/15098.
Full textHensley, Lincoln. "Investigating Early Bluegrass Recording Techniques." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/597.
Full textVâlcu, Bogdan F. "Studies in perpendicular magnetic recording /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3127623.
Full textWatson, Mathew David. "Direct overwrite in magnetooptical recording." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185544.
Full textGascho, Timothy N. "Resource list for video production in the local church." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p001-1109.
Full textChu, Xiaoge. "Retrospection and deliberation : the create [i.e. creative] summary of the high definition video works." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1327290.
Full textDepartment of Art
Li, Guijun, and 李桂君. "Development of recording technology with FePt recording media and magnetic tunnel junction sensors with conetic alloy." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50899776.
Full textpublished_or_final_version
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
Goold, Lachlan A. "Space, time, creativity, and the changing character of the recording studio: Spatiotemporal attitudes toward 'DIY' recording." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/116473/1/Lachlan_Goold_Thesis.pdf.
Full textWolf, Alexander M. "Optical recording of neuronal circuit dynamics." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=973392592.
Full textEkström, William. "Video Recording in Mobile Military Systems." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-98262.
Full textIn this paper different approaches for digital video recording in vehicles are examined, with weight on video quality. Different video compression algorithms were gone through and the conclusion was that inter-frame compression, like MPEG video delivers better video quality than intra-frame algorithms, for example Wavelet. The main drawback is that it is difficult to extract single frames, which leads to difficulties when for example backwards-playability is needed. To demonstrate how digital video recording can be done a demonstrator was built. Therefore, when the decision to use MPEG compression was made, a market research was done and a video grabber expansion card for PCs was bought. The report describes the hardware and software developments that had to be made to run the video recorder.
The result of the thesis was this report and a functioning recorder. The delivered video quality was fair and it was also remote controlled.
Mercer, Tim. "Particulate dispersions for magnetic recording media." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2001. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/21059/.
Full textNantel, Normand P. "Biomagnetism, stimulating and recording muscle activity." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0003/NQ42756.pdf.
Full textUslu, Ahmet. "Capture Time : Recording in digital era." Thesis, Konstfack, Industridesign, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-3901.
Full textSheffy, Jacob. "Recording of diaphragm activity during anaesthesia." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261673.
Full textClark, Alan. "Brown study an original musical recording." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/673.
Full textB.A.
Bachelors
Arts and Humanities
Music Education
Cookson, Richard David. "Transverse susceptibility studies of recording media." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2002. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/7714/.
Full textProsser, Nicola Louise. "A dual-sensor diagnostic recording pacemaker." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262434.
Full textGonzalez-Fernandez, Maria Angeles. "Texture effects in magnetic recording media." Thesis, University of York, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428463.
Full textSun, Hyojung. "Digital disruption in the recording industry." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23631.
Full textMeng, Boying. "Reconfigurable neural probe for chronic recording." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115617.
Full textThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 73-75).
To facilitate the usage of neural prosthesis, a sustainable recording method of cleaner neural signals is desired. While invasive neural electrodes can record neural activities with less noise than non-invasive methods and provide the ideal spatial-temporal resolution of the recorded signal, one major challenge of this invasive method is the potential tissue responses. The scar tissue that forms around the penetrating tip of the electrode may significantly degrade the signal quality in time, which causes the reading to be unreliable in the long-term. Solving this problem is key to enabling chronic usage of neural prosthetic systems. To tackle this challenge, previously Aalap Dighe has designed a reconfigurable neural probe using flexible polyimide material. The design used a spring-like structure to allow the electrode probe tip to move further inside the brain weeks after the initial implantation surgery. The latest generation of the devices, Gen 3, was tested both in vitro and in vivo using rodent models. In this thesis, the author continued the characterization of Gen 3 devices based on problems and observations occurred during the in vivo tests by Dighe, and proposed and tested an improved version of the device design, Gen 4. In particular, this thesis focused on solving the mechanical failure of some devices post-implantation and on reducing the instability of electrical properties of the electrodes. An improved structural mechanics simulation model of the design was used to characterize the mechanical properties of the devices. The simulation results were partially validated using benchtop load force tests, and were used to revise device design parameters for Gen 4. Experiments with Gen 4 devices showed that the new design met the design target well. Long-term in vitro impedance analysis of the electrodes was also performed using Gen 3 devices, which confirmed the observation of decreasing impedance over time in the previous in vivo tests. The results suggested delamination occurring between the polyimide layers, and the fabrication process was modified based on this hypothesis. Benchtop impedance tests of the new generation of devices confirmed that the delamination issue has been significantly improved.
by Boying Meng.
S.M.
Bae, Woong Jin. "Cortical recording with conducting polymer electrodes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44868.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 39-41).
The ability to record from the same neuron for extended periods of time is essential to understanding how the brain reorganizes during motor learning. Conventional chronic recording microelectrodes are made from metal or silicon. However, the large stiffness mismatch between the electrodes and brain tissue causes shear-induced inflammation, limiting long-term recording stability. The flexibility of a polypyrrole microwire has the potential to improve the chronic recording stability by minimizing the stiffness mismatch. This thesis shows the fabrication of conducting polymer electrodes and the stability of their impedance in physiological saline. The initial impedance was as low as 70 k[omega], but the electrode impedance increased by a factor of 10 when immersed in saline over 370 hours. This conducting polymer microwire electrode was implanted in a rodent brain and successfully used to record neuronal action potentials.
by Woong Jin Bae.
S.M.
Sundar, Vignesh. "Templated Growth of Magnetic Recording Media." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2015. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/606.
Full textHajjar, Roger Antoine. "Characterization of magneto-optical recording media." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185831.
Full textMason, Terry. "ADVANCES IN WIDEBAND VHS CASSETTE RECORDING." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608887.
Full textIn recent years, many designers have turned to digital techniques as a means of improving the fidelity of instrumentation data recorders. However, single and multi-channel recorders based on professional VHS transports are now available which use innovative methods for achieving near-perfect timebase accuracy, inter-channel timing and group delay specifications for long-duration wideband analog recording applications. This paper discusses some of the interesting technical problems involved and demonstrates that VHS cassette recorders are now a convenient and low cost proposition for high precision multi-channel wideband data recording.
Roth, Paul. "DOUBLE DENSITY RECORDING ACQUISITION AND PLAYBACK." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613054.
Full textThis paper discusses signal performance of longitudinal Double Density acquisition recordings made an flight recorders and reproduced on a single laboratory ground station recorder. it includes comparisons with standard bandwidth recording signal performance.
GUISINGER, BARRETT E. "A SMALL FORMAT ANALOG RECORDING SYSTEM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613471.
Full textThis paper describes the design and implementation of a low cost, analog, DC to 6 MHz bandwidth instrumentation recorder based on an industrial grade SVHS transport mechanism. The system is designed to meet all of it’s specifications utilizing standard offthe-shelf SVHS media. Novel digital processing is described allowing a fully timebase corrected recorder/reproducer to be housed in a one-half rack enclosure measuring 7"H x 8.5"W x 18"D and weighing less than 25 pounds.
Kirkpatrick, Charles R. "Onboard 1553 MUX Bus Recording Techniques." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615060.
Full textThis paper presents a general overview concerning McDonnell Douglas Helicopter Company's experience with the recording of Mil-Std-1553A/B MUX Bus traffic. There are several interesting aspects to this general overview. Included in this paper is a historical development review, a chronological development outline, general methodology involved, past and present application details, and speculation about future application possibilities. The historical background of the Company's 1553 MUX Bus recording efforts are traced - from our earliest involvement up to our current status. Several significant developments have led up to, and contributed to, the present level of experience with 1553 MUX Bus recording technology. A chronological list of important related events is also presented to complement this historical review (See Appendix A). Examples of McDonnell Douglas' applications of 1553 MUX bus recording are highlighted. Several examples are discussed from different related projects. A general overview is presented with regard to methods used by the Company to record 1553 MUX bus traffic. Several projects undertaken have involved new hardware/software development as a result of 1553 MUX bus recording efforts. Mention is also made of the Programmable MUX Bus Monitor - one of the most recent applications of this technology by McDonnell Douglas Helicopter Company. Rounding out this paper is some speculation about the future use considerations for this technology. The Company's experience with 1553 MUX bus recording was initially developed as a result of association with the Higher Harmonic Control aircraft and the AH-64 Apache Helicopter programs. However, once some of the basic techniques were established, and the technology was refined and improved, expansion into other unrelated or indirectly related (to the Apache) project types occurred.