Academic literature on the topic 'Recipient value'
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Journal articles on the topic "Recipient value"
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Zhang, Can, Atalay Atasu, Turgay Ayer, and L. Beril Toktay. "Truthful Mechanisms for Medical Surplus Product Allocation." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 22, no. 4 (July 2020): 735–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/msom.2018.0770.
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Problem definition: We analyze a resource allocation problem faced by medical surplus recovery organizations (MSROs) that recover medical surplus products to fulfill the needs of underserved healthcare facilities in developing countries. The objective of this study is to identify implementable strategies to support recipient selection decisions to improve MSROs’ value provision capability. Academic/practical relevance: MSRO supply chains face several challenges that differ from those in traditional for-profit settings, and there is a lack of both academic and practical understanding of how to better match supply with demand in this setting where recipient needs are typically private information. Methodology: We propose a mechanism design approach to determine which recipient to serve at each shipping opportunity based on recipients’ reported preference rankings of different products. Results: We find that when MSRO inventory information is shared with recipients, the only truthful mechanism is random selection among recipients, which defeats the purpose of eliciting information. Subsequently, we show that (1) eliminating inventory information provision enlarges the set of truthful mechanisms, thereby increasing the total value provision; and (2) further withholding information regarding other recipients leads to an additional increase in total value provision. Finally, we show that under a class of implementable mechanisms, eliciting recipient valuations has no value added beyond eliciting preference rankings. Managerial implications: (1) MSROs with large recipient bases and low inventory levels can significantly improve their value provision by appropriately determining the recipients to serve through a simple scoring mechanism; (2) to truthfully elicit recipient needs information to support the recipient selection decisions, MSROs should withhold inventory and recipient-base information; and (3) under a set of easy-to-implement scoring mechanisms, it is sufficient for MSROs to elicit recipients’ preference ranking information. Our findings have already led to a change in the practice of an award-winning MSRO.
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Ozieranski, Piotr, Marcell Csanádi, Emily Rickard, and Shai Mulinari. "Under-reported relationship: a comparative study of pharmaceutical industry and patient organisation payment disclosures in the UK (2012–2016)." BMJ Open 10, no. 9 (September 2020): e037351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037351.
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ObjectivesTo examine the under-reporting of pharmaceutical company payments to patient organisations by donors and recipients.DesignComparative descriptive analysis of payments disclosed on drug company and charity regulator websites.SettingUK.Participants87 donors (drug companies) and 425 recipients (patient organisations) reporting payments in 2012–2016.Main outcome measuresNumber and value of payments reported by donors and recipients; differences in reported payments from/to the same donors and recipients; payments reported in either dataset but not the other one; agreement between donor–recipient ties established by payments; overlap between donor and recipient lists and, respectively, industry and patient organisation data.ResultsOf 87 donors, 63 (72.4%) reported payments but 84 (96.6%) were mentioned by recipients. Although donors listed 425 recipients, only 200 (47.1%) reported payments. The number and value of payments reported by donors were 259.8% and 163.7% greater than those reported by recipients, respectively. The number of donors with matching payment numbers and values in both datasets were 3.4% and 0.0%, respectively; for recipients these figures were 7.8% and 1.9%. There were 24 and 3 donors missing from industry and patient organisation data during the entire study period, representing 38.1% and 3.6% of those in the respective datasets. The share of donor–recipient ties in which industry and patient organisation data agreed about donors and recipients was 38.9% and 68.4% in each dataset, respectively. Of 63 donors reporting payments, only 3 (4.8%) had their recipient lists fully overlapping with patient organisation data. Of 200 recipients reporting industry funding, 102 (51.0%) had their donor lists fully overlapping with industry data.ConclusionsBoth donors and recipients under-reported payments. Existing donor and recipient disclosure systems cannot manage potential conflicts of interest associated with industry payments. Increased standardisation could limit the under-reporting by each side but only an integrated donor–recipient database could eliminate it.
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Keefe, Janice M., and Pamela J. Fancey. "Work and Eldercare: Reciprocity Between Older Mothers and Their Employed Daughters." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 21, no. 2 (2002): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980800001495.
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ABSTRACTThis research broadens the understanding of the relationship between paid work and caregiving by including the contribution of the older “care recipient”. Using selected aspects of social exchange theory and a life course perspective, the importance of giving and receiving for caregivers and care recipients is explored through analyses of focus groups with employed women and interviews with their older mothers. The mothers and daughters focus on the time when they are most indebted to each other. The daughter's employment affects the type and value of contributions from care recipients. The mother's past assistance with housework and caring for children is greatly valued by the daughters. For care recipients, however, being reliant on a busy employee for their care has negative consequences. The mothers emphasize the current situation and under-estimate their past helping. Further research should consider the care recipient's perspective to obtain a broader understanding of the impact of the caregiver's employment in caregiving relationships.
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Kornblit, Brian, Tao Wang, Stephanie J. Lee, Stephen R. Spellman, Xiaochun Zhu, Katharina Fleischhauer, Carlheinz Müller, et al. "The Prognostic Value of YKL-40 in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 1176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1176.1176.
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Abstract Although allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a treatment option for a variety of malignant hematologic diseases, complications such as graft versus host disease (GVHD), infections and relapse are still major causes of morbidity and mortality. Prognostic scores such as the disease risk index and the HCT comorbidity index have proven useful in predicting relapse and treatment related mortality (TRM). However, to appropriately balance the likelihood of disease control against the risk of debilitating complications, still more accurate pretransplant markers are necessary to predict outcome. YKL-40 (chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1)) is mainly secreted by cancer cells, macrophage and neutrophils. YKL-40 regulates vascular endothelial growth factor and has a role in angiogenesis and inflammation, cell proliferation and differentiation, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. High plasma YKL-40 levels have been associated with poor prognosis in patients with different types of cancers and inflammatory diseases A previous study in HCT found that YKL-40 >95% age-adjusted level in recipients was associated with relapse and lower disease-free and overall survival. High YKL-40 levels in donors were associated with more grade II-IV acute GVHD. We investigated the prognostic value of pre-transplant plasma YKL-40 in a validation cohort of 784 recipients and donors undergoing allogeneic HCT for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (n=626) or myelodysplastic syndrome (n=158) (MDS) with 8/8 matched unrelated donors after myeloablative (n=566) or reduced intensity (n=218) conditioning. Transplantations were facilitated through the National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) and data collection and analysis were performed under the auspices of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR). Samples were provided by the NMDP/CIBMTR and obtained pre-transplant from recipients and prior to mobilization from donors. P<0.05 was considered significant for validation of previous observations. Mean recipient pre-transplant YKL-40 plasma concentrations were elevated in patients with HCT-comorbidity index (CI) scores ≥5 (HCT-CI 0: n=266, 106 (range 20-1446) ng/ml; HCT-CI 1-2: n= 244, 105 (range 20-1176) ng/ml; HCT-CI 3-4: n= 206, 106 (range 20-636) ng/ml; HCT-CI ≥5: n=68, 171 (range 20-4644) ng/ml; p<0.04). There was no difference (p=0.91) in YKL-40 concentrations between recipients with AML (111 (range 20-4644) ng/ml) and MDS (113 (range 20-714) ng/ml). There was no association between recipient YKL-40 concentrations and cytogenetics or AML disease status (first complete remission versus beyond first remission). In addition, MDS YKL-40 concentrations did not significantly increase with successively worse cytogenetics (p=0.67), IPSS (p=0.72) or Karnofsky score (p=0.86). Recipient YKL-40 levels above the age-adjusted 95% percentile were not associated with any outcomes (p>0.198). Donor YKL-40 levels >95% was associated with acute GVHD II-IV (HR 1.39, 95% confidence interval 1.00-1.92, p=0.0466) as observed in the previous study. There was no association between donor YKL-40 and other outcomes. When age-adjusted YKL-40 percentile was used as a continuous variable, recipient and donor pre-transplant elevated YKL-40 were not associated with any outcomes (p>0.088). Analyses were also conducted to investigate the impact of extremely low and high YKL-40 level expression and no associations were observed. In contrast to the prior study no association between recipient pre-transplant YKL-40 concentrations and clinical outcome were observed. However, in agreement with the previous study, donor YKL-40 concentrations were associated with increased acute GVHD, suggesting that donors with a higher degree of inflammation prior to mobilization could increase risk of post transplant complications. However, this did not translate into increased risk of TRM. Although it is not known whether the associations between YKL-40 and outcome are causal or just bystander effects, our observations suggest that an inflammatory biomarker, such as YKL-40, that potentially defines a higher-risk donor population could be a valuable tool complementing clinical risk scores in HCT. In conclusion, age adjusted YKL-40 levels in the donor, but not recipient, were a prognostic indicator for acute GVHD risk in this population. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Isa, Sakiru Oyetunji, Olajide Buhari, Muminat Adeniran-Isa, Mahin Khan, Hafiz Khan, Raghunandan Konda, Hameem Changezi, and Luis Afonso. "In-hospital outcomes after percutaneous coronary interventions in cardiac allograft recipients." SAGE Open Medicine 9 (January 2021): 205031212199329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312121993290.
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Introduction: The average age and survival of heart transplant recipients have improved significantly over the last 10 years. In these long-term survivors, coronary allograft vasculopathy is one of the most common causes of death. There is a paucity of large-data research highlighting the short-term outcomes of percutaneous coronary interventions in cardiac allograft recipients. Methods: We compared the in-hospital outcomes of heart transplant recipient and non-transplant recipients following percutaneous coronary intervention using data from the National inpatient sample (NIS). All adult patients (age ⩾ 18 years) who had percutaneous coronary intervention in the index admissions from January of 2005 to December of 2014 were included in the analysis. They were then divided into two groups based on their heart transplant status. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were stroke, cardiac arrest, duration of hospitalization, and total hospital charges. Logistic regression models were used to compare in-hospital outcomes between the two groups. Results: Of 1,316,528 patients who had percutaneous coronary intervention, 618 (0.05%) were heart transplant recipients and 1,315,910 (99.95%) were not. The heart transplant recipient group was significantly younger with lower rates of obesity and peripheral vascular disease but higher rate of chronic kidney disease, iron deficiency anemia, and chronic liver disease. There was significantly higher in-hospital mortality in transplant recipients below 65 years of age (adjusted odds ration = 2.3, p value < 0.0001). Subjects in the heart transplant recipient group also had longer hospital stays ( p value = 0.002). Conclusion: Heart transplant recipients younger than 65 years had higher in-hospital mortality. Subjects in the heart transplant recipient group were also younger and had longer duration of hospitalization than the non-transplant cohorts.
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Chirawattanakij, Suphong, and Vichita Vathanophas Ractham. "Enhancing knowledge adoption with recipients’ characteristics." Journal of Management Development 35, no. 1 (February 8, 2016): 38–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-11-2014-0155.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to envisage human characteristics and resources as critical factors in the adoption process. While an individual’s intention to adopt knowledge is considered as the primary motivator in the adoption process, these characteristics, in the appropriate amount, can accelerate the recipients’ knowledge adoption behavior. In this study four personal characteristics, comprising shared language between a knowledge sender and a recipient, the recipient’s prior knowledge, the recipient’s enjoyment in adopting knowledge, and the recipient’s self-confidence have been chosen. Methodology – This research uses four human characteristics, consisting of shared language between knowledge senders and recipients, recipients’ prior knowledge, recipients’ enjoyment in knowledge adoption, and recipients’ self-confidence, to identify their optimal roles in the adoption process. Along with the intention to adopt new knowledge, each of these characteristics was tested in both forms. A survey was conducted with white collar workers. Nine models were designed and regression technique was used for analyzing data and interpreting outcomes of these models. Findings – This study reveals that shared language between a knowledge sender and a recipient as well as a recipient’s self-confidence to adopt new knowledge directly enhances the individual’s likelihood to start learning. Shared language and self-confidence perform better as mutual predictors, while prior knowledge and enjoyment are the moderators. Originality value – The research outcome is beneficial in the designing of organizational business strategies. Shared language between an instructor and a learner increases likelihood to adopt knowledge, thus it is advantageous to arrange prerequisite mandatory courses in order to enhance a learner’s language proficiencies. Organizations can leverage their employees’ prior knowledge if it is perceived to be low. To do so, supervisors should link eagerness in learning and augmenting competencies to career advancement. Advice from, and rapport with a supervisor is essential. Effective strategies can improve the knowledge sharing goals, and in turn achieve business objectives as a whole.
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Teipel, Raphael, Johannes Schetelig, Michael Kramer, Helmuth Schmidt, Alexander H. Schmidt, Christian Thiede, Kristina Hoelig, and Gerhard Ehninger. "Prediction of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Yield after Mobilization with GCSF in Healthy Unrelated Donors." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 1128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1128.1128.
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Abstract Introduction: The collection of hematopoietic stem cells from the peripheral blood in healthy donors has been established as a highly efficient method in clinical practice. Nevertheless, there are some donors who mobilize poorly despite adequate mobilization regimes. Several factors influencing the process of stem cell mobilization have previously been discussed in the literature. Methods: In total, the data of 7.216 unrelated donors who underwent GCSF-induced stem cell mobilization and collection in two German apheresis centers between July 1997 and August 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. We systematically analyzed more than 30 factors with potential influence on the mobilization process and established a statistically stable model in order to predict the mobilization efficacy and the harvest success in unrelated stem cell donors. Based on empirical data and standard values, we created three model donors of each gender with different donor profiles (favorable/average/unfavorable). In those model donors we calculated the corresponding likelihood of a successful stem cell harvest dependent on the recipient’s weight. Results: Overall, ten variables with high statistical significance were included in the prediction model. Body mass index, platelet count, absolute lymphocyte count and the relative monocyte count correlated positively with the CD34+ count in the peripheral blood after five days of GCSF use (p < 0.0001 in a multivariate analysis). In contrast, female sex, age, smoking, lactate dehydrogenase (ldh), relative monocyte count, and the relative large unstained cell count were associated negatively with the CD34+ count on day five (p < 0.0001 in a multivariate analysis). In order to predict the harvest success (collection of > 2 x 10^6 CD34+ cells/kg recipient weight after first apheresis) three different models were compared in a ROC-analysis. The first model was purely based on female sex and recipient weight. The second model additionally contained the predicted CD34+ counts. Finally, in the third model the actual observed CD34+ counts were included. By adding the predicted CD34+ counts to the simple model, a significant improvement of the predictability of a harvest success could be viewed although a considerable difference comparing these results to the model with the observed CD34+ counts remained (figure 1). Furthermore, the prediction of harvest success in model donors (figure 2) revealed that donors with a favorable donor profile (covariates set to the most favorable values within the normal range) showed a particular high likelihood for a successful harvest (100 % likelihood, irrespective to donor’s gender or recipient’s weight). The likelihood for a successful harvest in male donors with an average distribution of covariates (covariates set to the empirical mean value) was nearly 100% as well even in donations for heavy recipients. Contrary, the likelihood for an average female donor was high in normal weight recipients (97 %; 60 kg recipient) but decreased with rising recipient weight (78 %; 140 kg recipient). In donors with an unfavorable profile (covariates set to the worst values within the normal range), especially in females, the chance for a successful stem cell collection was poor even when donating for light recipients (54 % in males, 10 % in females; 60 kg recipient). Conclusions: In conclusion, multiple factors with influence on the CD34+ count after GCSF mobilization in healthy donors have been identified. With the prediction model a significant gain in the predictability of a harvest success could be achieved though a certain amount of unexplained variance still remains. Model donors with a favorable or average donor profile had a high likelihood for a successful stem cell collection. In donors with an unfavorable profile, especially in females, the chance for a harvest success was very low. Figure 1: Prediction of harvest success (> 2 x 10^6 CD34+ cells/kg recipient weight after 1st apheresis) Figure 1:. Prediction of harvest success (> 2 x 10^6 CD34+ cells/kg recipient weight after 1st apheresis) Abb.: AUC – area under the curve Figure 2: Probability of harvest success in model donors (> 2 x 10^6 CD34+ cells/kg recipient weight after 1st apheresis) Figure 2:. Probability of harvest success in model donors (> 2 x 10^6 CD34+ cells/kg recipient weight after 1st apheresis) Disclosures Schmidt: Cellex GmbH: Employment. Ehninger:Cellex GmbH: Equity Ownership. Off Label Use: G-CSF.
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Ruggeri, Loredana, Antonella Mancusi, Marusca Capanni, Elena Urbani, Alessandra Carotti, Teresa Aloisi, Martin Stern, et al. "Donor Natural Killer Cell Allorecognition of Missing Self in Haploidentical Hematopoietic Transplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Challenging Its Predictive Value." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.437.437.
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Abstract In haploidentical transplants that are KIR ligand mismatched in the GvH direction, functional donor NK-cells that express as their sole inhibitory receptor for self, a KIR for the HLA-class-I group which is absent in the recipient, sense the missing expression of the self class-I ligand on allogeneic targets and mediate alloreactions. In a limited series of transplants donor-vs-recipient NK-cell alloreactivity reduced the risk of AML relapse and markedly improved EFS (Ruggeri L, Science 2002). Here, we analyzed 112 AML patients transplanted from NK-alloreactive (n=51) or non-NK-alloreactive (n=61) haploidentical donors. NK-alloreactive donors possessed: HLA-class-I KIR ligand(s) which were missing in the recipients, KIR gene(s) for missing self recognition on recipient targets, and alloreactive NK-clones against recipient targets. Transplantation from NK-alloreactive donors was associated with: significantly lower relapse rate in patients transplanted in CR (3% vs 47%) (P<0.003); decrease infectious mortality which was more evident in patients transplanted in relapse (P=0.1); better EFS in patients transplanted in relapse (34% vs 6%, P=0.04) and in remission (67% vs 18%, P=0.02); reduced risk of relapse or death (relative risk vs non-NK-alloreactive donor: 0.48 [95% CI 0.29–0.78], P<0.001). Recently, an additional algorithm, termed the “missing ligand” model, has been proposed for predicting favorable outcomes not only in haploidentical (Leung W, JI 2004; JI 2005) but also in matched sibling (Hsu KC, Blood 2005) and in unrelated donor transplants (Hsu KC, BBMT 2006). The “missing-ligand” model includes all donor-recipient pairs in whom there is a mismatch between KIR(s) in the donor and HLA molecule(s) in the recipient. Consequently, the model includes all KIR ligand-mismatched transplants because they are all associated with a missing KIR ligand in the recipient, and KIR ligand-matched transplants from donors possessing “extra” KIR(s) for which neither donor nor recipient have HLA ligand(s). Therefore, in the same series of patients we tested the “missing ligand” model. The first step was to divide our 61 non-NK alloreactive (KIR ligand-matched) donor-recipient pairs according to the number of KIR ligands in donor and recipient, i.e., three KIR ligands (29 patients; 15 in remission, 14 in relapse at transplant) vs fewer than three (32 patients; 16 in remission, 16 in relapse at transplant). EFS did not differ in each sub-group. Both curves indicated worse survival than after transplantation from NK-alloreactive donors. The second step was to group the above 32 “missing ligand” transplants and all 51 KIR ligand-mismatched transplants (which corresponded to all our NK-alloreactive transplants). We analyzed EFS in this pool of 83 patients (46 in remission, 37 in relapse at transplant) against EFS in 29 patients with no missing ligand (15 in remission, 14 in relapse at transplant). No significant difference emerged. EFS in the “missing ligand” cohort was worse than after transplantation from NK-alloreactive donors. Therefore, the present analysis leaves no doubt that KIR ligand mismatches, i.e., donor NK cell recognition of “missing self” on recipient targets, are essential for triggering powerful NK cell alloreactions that impact beneficially on transplantation outcomes.
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Ruggeri, Loredana, Antonella Mancusi, Marusca Capanni, Elena Urbani, Alessandra Carotti, Teresa Aloisi, Martin Stern, et al. "Donor natural killer cell allorecognition of missing self in haploidentical hematopoietic transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia: challenging its predictive value." Blood 110, no. 1 (July 1, 2007): 433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2006-07-038687.
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We analyzed 112 patients with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (61 in complete remission [CR]; 51 in relapse), who received human leukocyte-antigen (HLA)–haploidentical transplants from natural killer (NK) alloreactive (n = 51) or non-NK alloreactive donors (n = 61). NK alloreactive donors possessed HLA class I, killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) ligand(s) which were missing in the recipients, KIR gene(s) for missing self recognition on recipient targets, and alloreactive NK clones against recipient targets. Transplantation from NK-alloreactive donors was associated with a significantly lower relapse rate in patients transplanted in CR (3% versus 47%) (P > .003), better event-free survival in patients transplanted in relapse (34% versus 6%, P = .04) and in remission (67% versus 18%, P = .02), and reduced risk of relapse or death (relative risk versus non-NK-alloreactive donor, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.29-0.78; P > .001). In all patients we tested the “missing ligand” model which pools KIR ligand mismatched transplants and KIR ligand-matched transplants from donors possessing KIR(s) for which neither donor nor recipient have HLA ligand(s). Only transplantation from NK-alloreactive donors is associated with a survival advantage.
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Ahmad, Ahmad Bayiz, Bangcheng Liu, and Atif Saleem Butt. "Scale development and construct clarification of change recipient proactivity." Personnel Review 49, no. 8 (January 2, 2020): 1619–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-02-2019-0091.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a standardized, psychometrically sound instrument for the emerging construct of change recipient proactivity (CRP), using a deductive approach. Design/methodology/approach Using a systematic item-development framework as a guide (i.e. item generation, questionnaire administration, item reduction and scale evaluation) and based on a sample of 414 white-collar employees, this paper discusses the development and validation of an instrument that can be used to measure change recipient’s proactive behavioral responses to planned change efforts. Findings Results suggest that our proposed CRP scale is internally consistent (reliable) and valid in that it is conceptually distinct from, yet empirically correlated with neighboring constructs such as affective commitment to change, readiness for change and proactive personality. Research limitations/implications The findings illustrate that change recipients can demonstrate proactive behaviors in response to change efforts. However, this study’s contribution is only a first step, requiring further theoretical and methodological refinement of the scale in different contexts. Originality/value The deductive nature of our study resulted in a comprehensive and domain-specific scale assessing recipients’ proactive responses to organizational change efforts. This opens doors to empirical studies on examining the conditions under which change recipients “may” step outside the boundaries of passivity to respond positively and proactivity to organizational change efforts.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Recipient value"
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Siminski, Peter Economics Australian School of Business UNSW. "Essays on the distributional impacts of government." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Economics, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41238.
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This thesis consists of three independent essays, unified by the common theme of the distributional impacts of government. The first paper estimates the price elasticity of demand for pharmaceuticals amongst high-income older people in Australia. It exploits a natural experiment by which some people gained entitlement to a price reduction through the Commonwealth Seniors Health Card (CSHC). The preferred model is a nonlinear Instrumental Variable (IV) difference-in-difference regression, estimated on repeated cross sectional survey data using the Generalised Method of Moments. No significant evidence is found for endogenous card take-up, and so cross-sectional estimates are also considered. Taking all of the results and possible sources of bias into account, the ??headline?? estimate is -0.1, implying that quantity demanded is not highly responsive to price. The elasticity estimate is a key input into the second paper which analyses the distributional impact of the CSHC. I consider the trade-off between moral hazard and risk pooling. There have been few previous attempts internationally to address this trade-off empirically for any health insurance scheme. The utility gain through risk-pooling is found to be negligible. However, the deadweight loss through moral hazard may be considerable. I also use an illustrative model to demonstrate the possible effects of the CSHC on inter-temporal savings behaviour. While the CSHC may induce some people to save, it may have the opposite effect on others. The net impact was not determined. The third paper estimates the Australian public sector wage premium. It includes a detailed critical review of the methods available to address this issue. The chosen approach is a quasi-differenced panel data model, estimated by nonlinear IV, which has many advantages over other methods and has not been used before for this topic. I find a positive average public sector wage premium for both sexes. The best estimates are 10.0% for men and 7.1% for women. The estimate for men is statistically significant (p < 0.04) and borders on significance for women (p < 0.07). No evidence is found to suggest that the public sector has an equalising effect on the wages of its workers.
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Onyimadu, Obinna Chinedu. "Formalization and modeling of human values for recipient sentiment prediction." Thesis, University of Reading, 2017. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/75686/.
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Sentiment analysis is viewed generally as a text classification problem involving the prediction of the semantic orientation of a text. Much of the analysis has focused on the sentiment expressed in the sentence or by the writer but not the sentiment of the recipient. For example, the sentence “Housing costs have dropped significantly” might be assigned a negative classification by a sentiment analysis model, however humans from different works of life might express different sentiments. A landlord will likely express a negative sentiment while a renter might express a positive sentiment. Therefore, traditional sentiment analysis methods fail to capture the human centric aspects that motivate diverse sentiments. Additionally, attempts at predicting recipient sentiment have involved considerable human effort in the form of content analysis and empirical surveys, making the process expensive and time-consuming. Thus, the aim of this research is to develop a method of recipient sentiment analysis that is devoid of human input in the form of annotations or empirical surveys. The approach taken in this research involves applying a model of human values towards recipient sentiment prediction. The justification for this approach is based on the well-established principle that values influence human behaviour of which sentiment is a form. Therefore, if a persons’ values can be modelled quantitatively, when presented with some text, in theory the sentiment of the recipient can be predicted. This research proposes that the application of values in developing sentences is a generative process, that can be represented as a language model. A mechanism called Feature Switching (FS) that enables the determination of recipient’s sentiment from the value language model is also discussed. The resulting sentiment prediction model has an accuracy in the range of 72.2%-72.5% which is in and about the range of performance of existing systems which make use of content analysis and human annotated data.
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Golden, Isaac, and homstudy@netconnect com au. "The potential value of homoeoprophylaxis in the long-term prevention of infectious diseases, and the maintenance of general health in recipients." Swinburne University of Technology, 2002. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20050228.150047.
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Homoeoprophylaxis (HP) is the use of homoeopathically prepared substances to prevent targeted infectious diseases in recipients. Its first use in an epidemic of Scarlet Fever was documented in 1801. It has been used throughout the world since then for both short-term and long-term preventative purposes. The effectiveness and safety of Golden�s long-term HP program using
homoeopathically prepared substances to prevent targeted infectious diseases in recipients was tested through two research projects. The effectiveness of the program could not be established with statistical certainty given the limited sample size and the low probability of acquiring an infectious disease. However, a possible level of effectiveness of 90.3% was identified subject to specified limitations. Further research to confirm the effectiveness of the program is justified. Statistically significant results were obtained that confirmed the safety of the program both in absolute terms as well as compared to all other methods of disease prevention studied. It also appeared possible that a national immunisation system where both vaccination and HP were available to parents would increase the national coverage against targeted infectious diseases, and reduce the incidence of some chronic health conditions,
especially asthma.
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Perez, Silva Rodrigo A. "Amenities and the Location of High-Educated Workers: Effects on Knowledge creation, Wages, and Housing Rents and Prices." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu154308107104963.
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Wolfová, Michaela. "Apely v reklamních textech." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-322079.
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Challenges in PromotionalTexts The goal of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive analysis of challenges in commercial advertisements. It will analyze texts of printed, television, internet advertisements The thesis will examine what approaches are used in marketing campaigns to challenge to the recipient's emotions as well as what social values are used for the challenges to be effective. There search will be based especially on stylistic and content analysis
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"Developmental study of manipulated speech: weighing recipient intimacy and consequence with moral and social-conventional values." 2012. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5549079.
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本項研究的目的主要是探討兒童和成人如何評鑑不同類別的溝通技巧，並分析成長過程對其之影響。當中我們會進一步探究道德規範和社會常規如何影響人們對於「坦率的真話」和「扭曲的謊言」的分析和評價。為了研究環境因素會否影響人們對於溝通技巧的分析，我們分別掌控了故事當中資訊接收者和資訊提供者的關係，以及資訊對於資訊接收者的重要性。是次的研究對象為七歲，九歲，十一歲的兒童以及一群大學生。他們需要閱讀八個有關日常對話的小故事，並對故事當中主角所說的「傷人真話」和「漂亮謊言」給予評分。結果指出隨著年齡的增長，人們對於善意的謊言有著更正面的評分，而對於傷人的真話之評分則恰恰相反。
此外，在分析真話與謊言時，人們處理有關資訊接收者的相關變素亦有著不同的態度。當分析真話時，不論資訊對於接收者的重要性，成人皆會偏好於好朋友說出的真話多於向新同學說出的真話。近似地，兒童也傾向偏好於向好朋友說出的真話多於向新同學說出的真話，但這個差距在資訊重要性較高時會更被放大。當分析謊話時，成人會同時考慮到資訊接收者和資訊提供者的關係以及資訊對於資訊接收者的重要性。他們比較重視較近的關係，於好朋友是資訊接收者時更留意資訊的重要性，並對於重要情況下所說的謊言當予以更負面的評價。但兒童只會集中於分析資訊對於資訊接收者的重要性，因此不論是好朋友還是新同學，他們也會對於在重要情況下所說的謊言予以負面評價。
從自我評分分析中，我們更可以肯定不同的年齡層在分析溝通技巧時所著重的價值有所不同。年齡較輕的傾向注重誠信價值，比較偏好於提供正確的資訊，而年長的則更會留意有關社交及環境因素的影響(如獲貌，資訊提供者和接收者的關係，資料重要性等等) ，誘使他們更接受善意的謊言。我們更發現不同的家庭管教方式能夠顯著地預測人們應用哪些道德和社交價值去分析不同的溝通技巧。
總結以上的結果，是次研究展示了成長過程對於人們分析及評鑑不同類別的溝通技巧有著顯著的影響作用。
The current study investigated the developmental trend on the evaluation of different communicative strategies among children and adult. Their justification on the appraisal of blunt truth and twisted information in prosocial situations were examined in relation to their emphasis on moral values and social-conventional rules. To test the sensitivity of contextual factors for analyzing these conversational strategies, recipient-related factors including the relationship between the interlocutors and the importance of the feedback were manipulated. Children aged 7, 9 and 11 year-olds with a group of college students participated in the present study. Participants were given eight daily social scenarios of which the protagonist either told a hurtful blunt truth or a pleasing twisted discourse to the recipient, and the participants were asked to evaluate what the protagonist had said. Result revealed that as one grew older, individuals tended to evaluate more positively for false information with prosocial intentions, and rated more negatively for hurtful blunt truth. Age differences on the impact of recipient-related variables were found to be varied across the statement valence. When evaluating the truthful statements, adults rated those told to close friends more positively as compared to new classmates; consistent across the consequence factors. Similar to adults, children favored blunt truth for close friends compared to new classmates; but the effect would be magnifying in high consequence situations. Whereas when evaluating the manipulated statements, adults take into consideration both the factor of intimacy and consequence, and rated falsify message told in high consequence situations more negative as compared to low consequence situations when the recipients were their close friends. While the children group only focused on the consequence impact and rated more negatively for any twisted information in high consequence situation as bad across friendships. The two piece of information together illustrated that children who valued more on honesty would evaluate deeper on the blunt truth condition, while adults who valued more on politeness would have a more thorough analysis for the manipulated speech condition. Justification analysis provided further support on the age difference on values weighting in analyzing the usage of these speech strategies. While younger generation focused more on the importance of honesty, which enhanced the preference of accurate information; older participants on the other hand attended more on social and contextual factors including politeness, relationship factors, and feedback consequences, encouraging their acceptance of prosocial speech manipulation. Parenting styles were found to predict significantly the adoption of different moral and social values in explaining the evaluation. Overall, our study revealed significant developmental changes for the evaluation and justification of the conversational strategies.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Szeto, Ching Yee Lovenner.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-96).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstracts also in Chinese; appendix A includes Chinese.
Chapter 1
Introduction --- p.11
Definition of Manipulated Speech --- p.11
Prevalence of Manipulated Speech among Adults --- p.12
Necessary Conditions for the Employment of Speech Manipulation --- p.14
Language and cognitive abilities --- p.14
Theory of mind --- p.14
Emotion understanding --- p.15
Summary --- p.16
Impact of Socialization on the Appraisal of Speech Manipulation --- p.16
Parenting styles --- p.16
Summary --- p.18
Developmental trend for Various Manipulated Discourse --- p.18
Egocentric lies --- p.19
Prosocial lies --- p.20
Conclusion --- p.21
Developmental trend for Conceptual and Moral Understanding --- p.21
Conceptual understanding of manipulated discourses --- p.21
Evaluation of lies --- p.23
Linkage between moral evaluation and moral behaviors --- p.25
Conclusion --- p.26
Other Important Factors Guiding the Usage of Conversational Strategies --- p.27
Consequential factors --- p.27
Relational factors --- p.28
Conclusion --- p.30
Current Studies --- p.30
Conceptual understanding --- p.31
Evaluation of statement (Overall) --- p.31
Evaluation of statement (Recipient Intimacy) --- p.31
Evaluation of statement (Recipient Consequence) --- p.31
Evaluation of statement (Interaction) --- p.32
Justification of the rating --- p.32
Parenting styles analysis --- p.33
Evaluation of statement (Emotion understanding) --- p.33
Chapter Chapter 2
Method --- p.35
Participants (Overall) --- p.35
Procedure --- p.35
Procedure for child participants --- p.35
Procedure for undergraduates --- p.36
Materials --- p.36
Blunt truth and strategic speech vignettes --- p.36
Need for approval --- p.40
Theory of mind understanding --- p.40
Parenting styles --- p.42
Chapter Chapter 3
Result --- p.43
Analysis on the evaluative ratings of the target statements --- p.43
Preliminary analysis --- p.43
Combined analysis (blunt truth or strategic speech) --- p.43
Analysis for the scenarios of blunt truth --- p.44
Analysis for the scenarios of strategic speech --- p.45
Adoption of justification by age (statement values, intimacy and consequence) --- p.46
Usage of honesty as justification of the evaluative ratings --- p.46
Usage of politeness as justification of the evaluative ratings --- p.46
Usage of intimacy as justification of the evaluative ratings --- p.46
Usage of consequence as justification of the evaluative ratings --- p.46
Analysis of evaluative ratings by justification types --- p.47
Blunt truth scenarios --- p.47
Strategic speech scenarios --- p.47
Adoption of justification by parenting styles --- p.48
Justification: honesty --- p.48
Justification: politeness --- p.48
Justification: intimacy --- p.49
Justification: consequence --- p.49
Analysis of evaluative ratings by emotion perception of the speakers and the recipients --- p.49
Blunt truth scenarios --- p.49
Strategic speech scenarios --- p.49
Chapter Chapter 4
Discussion --- p.50
Overview --- p.50
Conceptualization of blunt truth and manipulated speech --- p.50
Valence of the Statements --- p.51
Sensitivity of Contextual Factors - Recipient-related Variables --- p.52
Blunt Truth Scenarios --- p.53
Manipulated Speech Scenarios --- p.55
Moral Values and Social-Conventional Rules --- p.56
Parenting --- p.57
Emotion Understanding --- p.59
Contribution, Limitation and Future Research --- p.60
Conclusion --- p.64
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Teixeira, Joana Coelho de Castro. "OS POVOADOS D'A PEDREIRA E REGADAS NO CONTEXTO DA PRÉ- HISTÓRIA RECENTE DO VALE DO TUA. As decorações dos recipientes cerâmicos enquanto modos de expressão identitária e de interação social." Dissertação, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/124457.
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Teixeira, Joana Coelho de Castro. "OS POVOADOS D'A PEDREIRA E REGADAS NO CONTEXTO DA PRÉ- HISTÓRIA RECENTE DO VALE DO TUA. As decorações dos recipientes cerâmicos enquanto modos de expressão identitária e de interação social." Master's thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/124457.
Full textBooks on the topic "Recipient value"
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Grabher, Gernot, and Oliver Ibert. Schumpeterian Customers? How Active Users Co-create Innovations. Edited by Gordon L. Clark, Maryann P. Feldman, Meric S. Gertler, and Dariusz Wójcik. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198755609.013.36.
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Up until recently, the role of the customer in economic geography seems to have been confined to a passive recipient of products at the end of the value chain. Innovation, in particular, has been conceived as an affair within and between firms. More recently, however, this traditional perception has been challenged. Consumers, in fact, are no longer seen as mere buyers of commodities but are more and more perceived (and perceive themselves) as competent users who contribute valuable knowledge to innovation processes and who have the power and capacity to intervene at all stages in the value creation process. Value co-creation has emerged as a new paradigm that signifies this transformation of the role of consumers. The prime aim of this chapter is to map out the evolving terrain of value co-creation and to draw conclusions for economic geographical inquiry into innovation processes.
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Frey, Bruno S., and Jana Gallus. The Challenges of Using Awards. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798507.003.0008.
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Many awards, such as the Nobel Prizes, are accompanied by money, but in most cases what really matters is the honour and recognition received. The benefits and costs of using awards must be compared to those of other devices for fostering motivation, such as monetary bonuses, gifts, or verbal praise. It must also be considered how the award can best be combined with alternative motivators. An inflationary use of awards undermines their value. When a particular award is handed out too liberally, recipients and the public may even ridicule it. Award inflation can partly be countered by creating new ranks or new awards. Awards fail when they are given to undeserving recipients or when they are rejected. Non-recipients of awards may engage in destructive behaviours. Negative effects can be countered by emphasizing collaborative efforts and the award recipient’s representative role.
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Reese, Ellen, Stephanie D'Auria, and Sandra Loughrin. Gender. Edited by Daniel Béland, Kimberly J. Morgan, and Christopher Howard. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199838509.013.019.
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Reconceptualizing welfare-state regimes in terms of the interactions between markets, states, and gender and family relations, cross-national feminist scholarship reveals that the United States is relatively more "market-based" in its approach to both employment and care work than other wealthy democracies. Consequently female poverty, especially of lone mothers, is far higher in the United States compared to other wealthy democracies. Feminist scholarship also highlights the ways in which U.S. welfare programs are deeply gendered in terms of their underlying philosophies, recipient populations, and distribution of benefits. Feminist scholars have reconceptualized the origins and development of the U.S. welfare state in terms of a "two-track" system that has reinforced both gender and racial inequalities. Programs serving mostly men, such as veterans' benefits or unemployment insurance, provided relatively generous benefits and portrayed recipients as deserving. In contrast, programs serving mostly women, such as mothers' pensions, were relatively stingy, restrictive, and stigmatizing. At the beginning of the 20th century, reformers justified welfare for lone mothers in maternalist terms, emphasizing the value of full-time motherhood for child development. Support for maternalist welfare policies, although never strong, was further weakened as maternal employment grew and as more women of color and unwed mothers gained access to welfare. Since the late 1960s, efforts to reform the welfare system led to the expansion of federal welfare-to-work programs, which have largely tracked participants into low-wage jobs. Child-care subsidies also expanded in this period, but have remained relatively minimal and distributed in ways that reinforced class divisions among working families.
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Tamburello, Anthony C. Prescribed medication abuse. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360574.003.0031.
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Community abuse of prescription medication is typically limited to overuse or inappropriate sharing of medication. In jails and prisons, the demand characteristics are dramatically altered, creating an elaborate laboratory for medication alteration, diversion, and abuse. While prescription medications are sometimes used to achieve a ‘high,’ they may also be sought to ease discomforts commonly experienced in a jail or prison. Some may seek stimulating medications to counteract the effects of prescribed sedatives to allow them to be ready to respond to real or perceived dangers. Thus, inmates may feign or exaggerate mood, anxiety, psychotic, or somatic symptoms with the goal of being prescribed medications with the desired effects. More insidious is the diversion of prescribed medications to a third party. Many prescribed medicines have a ‘street value’ in correctional settings. A patient with a legitimate need for medication, who may already have poor illness insight, may be enticed or coerced into transferring their medication to a peer. This creates several dangerous problems. The source inmate may worsen or fail to improve, which may lead to dose escalation, an incorrect conclusion about a treatment failure, poor functioning, and behavioral sequelae including disruptive or violent conduct. Meanwhile, the recipient is exposed to medication risks without the benefits of informed consent or medical supervision. This chapter presents data on specific classes of prescribed medication abuses, methods of abuse, and approaches to minimize abuse or diversion of prescribed medications.
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Hughes, Jessica. Tiny and Fragmented Votive Offerings from Classical Antiquity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190614812.003.0003.
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This chapter addresses tiny and fragmented votive offerings from the ancient Greco-Roman world. The first half of the chapter surveys different kinds of votive fragmentation, ranging from objects that were physically ruptured before dedication, to conceptually ‘partial’ offerings like tithes and first fruits. I argue that the deliberate or accidental breakage of votives often paradoxically increased the value and meaning of the offering in the eyes of the community and recipient deity. I also introduce the possibility that all votives might be seen as fragments, insofar as they constitute part of a worshiper’s property or converted wealth (an idea inherent in the ancient concepts of dekatē and aparchē). The second half of the chapter then focuses on one particular type of fragmented votive—the model body part. Tiny body parts made in clay and metal began to be dedicated in the Middle Minoan and then the Archaic Greek periods, and continued to appear alongside the life-sized (or near life-sized) anatomical votives that were a feature of later Hellenistic and Roman ritual. I explore some of the possible resonances of these votives’ tiny sizes, emphasizing how far these miniature objects facilitate (or even demand) intimate touch and handling. Finally, I explore the possibility that the miniature votives in Hellenistic and Roman times may have harkened back to the diminutive offerings of earlier periods, thus functioning as symbols of cultural memory, and tiny generators of nostalgia.
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Yü, Ying-shih. Chinese History and Culture. Columbia University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231178600.001.0001.
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The recipient of the Kluge Prize for lifetime achievement in the humanities, Ying-shih Yü is a premier scholar of Chinese studies. Chinese History and Culture volumes 1 and 2 bring his extraordinary oeuvre to English-speaking readers. Spanning two thousand years of social, intellectual, and political change, the essays in these volumes investigate two central questions through all aspects of Chinese life: what core values sustained this ancient civilization through centuries of upheaval, and in what ways did these values survive in modern times?
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Fögen, Thorsten. Ancient Approaches to Letter-Writing and the Configuration of Communities through Epistles. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198804208.003.0002.
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The chapter explores reflections on the practice of letter-writing, with equal attention to instructional handbooks (esp. Demetrius’ Περὶ ἑρμηνείας, Iulius Victor’s Rhetorica, Pseudo-Demetrius’ Τύποι ἐπιστολικοί, Pseudo-Libanius’ Ἐπιστολιμαῖοι χαρακτῆρες, and Erasmus of Rotterdam’s De conscribendis epistolis) and the meta-generic statements that letter-writers routinely embed in their correspondence (with a special focus on Cicero, Ovid, Seneca, and Pliny the Younger). In both types of sources, what one might call the social dimension of style registers as a primary concern: in order for the letter to fulfil its purpose, namely to generate a special bond between sender and recipient, the chosen idiolect has to be ‘appropriate’ (πρέπον/aptum) to the interpersonal relationship and its specific circumstances and exigencies. Shared stylistic values and the willingness of the letter-writer to adjust his character to that of the recipient generate a sense of community between the correspondents.
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Birch, Jonathan. Hamilton’s Rule as an Organizing Framework. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198733058.003.0002.
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Queller’s version of Hamilton’s rule (HRG), derived from the Price equation, states that the mean breeding value for a social character increases if and only if rb > c, where r is the coefficient of relatedness between social partners, b is the benefit conferred on recipients, and c is the cost incurred by actors. The value of HRG lies in its ability to provide an organizing framework for social evolution theory, helping us to interpret, classify, and compare more detailed models of particular scenarios. HRG does this by allowing us to classify causal explanations of positive change by their commitments regarding the sign of rb and c. This leads to a four-part taxonomy of explanations, comprising indirect fitness explanations, direct fitness explanations, hybrid explanations, and wholly or partially non-selective explanations. There are plausible instances of all four categories in the natural world.
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Graf, David F. The Silk Road between Syria and China. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790662.003.0015.
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This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the archaeological and written evidence for the so-called Silk Roads and the development of trade along them between the second century BC and the end of the Han dynasty in the early second century AD. The Silk Road trade at the Chinese end originated epiphenomenally on the practice of state tribute and diplomatic embassies, as tribute in kind and diplomatic gifts were resold by their enterprising recipients. As trade developed along the routes westwards and gained its own momentum, its value was harnessed by the state in the form of heavy customs dues. Rather than a coordinated route utilized by merchants travelling the length of the terrain between China and Rome, the picture emerging is that of segmented trade involving various merchants.
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Frey, Bruno S., and Jana Gallus. Awards in Firms. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798507.003.0006.
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Money is not always successful in sustaining and raising employee motivation. When money is perceived to be controlling, financial incentives may backfire and undermine motivation. High-powered incentives can also lead to strategic behaviour and gaming. Many firms are aware of the limitations of monetary incentives. They use non-financial rewards in an effort to sustain and raise employee motivation. Awards are a special kind of non-financial yet extrinsic incentive, whose value resides primarily in the recognition conveyed among peers and in the public. Awards are used in firms to raise employees’ motivation, to foster retention, and to establish role models. They are a valuable component of organizations’ human resource strategy. Outside the boundaries of the firm awards are used to set standards, to establish norms, and to support innovation. Awards may have unintended motivational effects, particularly on non-recipients. Awards may create and foster competitive advantage.
Book chapters on the topic "Recipient value"
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Birkas, Bela. "Helping and Reproductive Value of the Recipient." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_3752-1.
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Birkas, Bela. "Helping and Reproductive Value of the Recipient." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 3668–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_3752.
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Stokke, Olav. "What is the Real Value of ODA to Recipients?" In International Development Assistance, 53–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06219-4_4.
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Houck, Adam C. "The Competitive Fringe: Informing New Customer Experiences and Driving Additional Value for Recipients." In Postal and Delivery Innovation in the Digital Economy, 291–300. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12874-0_22.
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Walker, S. A., T. R. Rogers, P. G. Riches, S. White, and J. R. Hobbs. "Value of Serum C-Reactive Protein Measurement in the Management of Bone Marrow Recipients." In 11th Annual meeting of the EBMT, 107. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-40457-7_86.
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Kraus, Th, M. Schuller, F. Klee, M. Bredt, A. Mehrabi, G. Hartter, A. Mißbichler, and G. Otto. "Validation of endothelin (ET) immunoreactivity in human bile by HPLC. Comparison of biliary ET concentration in liver transplant recipients with values obtained during cholecystectomy." In Transplant International, 135–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-00818-8_34.
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Tanida, Yasuo. "Narrative Generation Using Psychological Value Variables." In Bridging the Gap Between AI, Cognitive Science, and Narratology With Narrative Generation, 311–37. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4864-6.ch010.
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In terms of story generation, the author proposes a method wherein stories can be rewritten using psychological value variables to ensure positive evaluation from readers. This method includes two phases wherein (1) a story likely to be chosen by readers from a selection of stories in the story generation system is chosen and (2) the selected story is rewritten using words that readers can relate to. It is imperative to understand the psychological values of the recipient and the relation between linguistic expressions and psychological values to complete the two phases of this study. In this chapter, the author examines the definition of psychological values and how to obtain them as well as the verification of the relation between linguistic expressions and values. This study aimed to rewrite the output of a story generation system using psychological values, and this paper is a research report on the preparation for rewriting stories. A proposal is offered for a study to construct and verify the system.
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Cranford, Cynthia J. "Disability and the Quest for Flexibility." In Home Care Fault Lines, 40–58. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501749254.003.0003.
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This chapter analyzes the quest for flexibility among personal support recipients, considering their experiences of impairment and aging and how these bodily realities clash with the value that North American culture places on independence and youth. Recipients sought flexibility in the labor market, which was a continuum ranging from hiring and firing power to a degree of say on who came into one's home to provide intimate support. Recipients also sought flexibility at the intimate level along two dimensions. The first was their ability to use their own knowledge to direct how their bodies were handled and their homes managed. The second dimension was their ability to influence and change which service tasks were provided, when, and where. This deep understanding of recipients' quest for flexibility, together with the account of workers' long-standing pursuit of security in the previous chapter, begins to reveal tensions between the two groups. Recipients' desire for flexibility in service tasks can be in tension with workers' efforts to gain security by defining the parameters of their job. At the labor market level, recipient flexibility to choose the worker can be in tension with worker's employment and income security.
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McGrath, Niall, Pavel Gladyshev, and Joe Carthy. "Cryptopometry as a Methodology for Investigating Encrypted Material." In Crime Prevention Technologies and Applications for Advancing Criminal Investigation, 108–27. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1758-2.ch008.
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When encrypted material is discovered during a digital investigation and the investigator cannot decrypt the material then he or she is faced with the problem of how to determine the evidential value of the material. This research is proposing a methodology titled Cryptopometry. Cryptopometry extracts probative value from the encrypted file of a hybrid cryptosystem. Cryptopometry also incorporates a technique for locating the original plaintext file. Since child pornography (KP) images and terrorist related information (TI) are transmitted in encrypted formats, the digital investigator must ask the question Cui Bono?—who benefits or who is the recipient? By following Cryptopometry, the scope of the digital investigation can be extended to reveal the intended recipient. The derivation of the term Cryptopometry is also described and explained.
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Carruthers, Bruce G. "The Social Meaning of Credit, Value, and Finance." In Money Talks. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691168685.003.0005.
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This chapter analyzes monetary differentiation within formal organizations, banks, and other financial institutions. It demonstrates how, despite the advantages of liquidity, organizational budgeting practices create incommensurable categorical distinctions, akin to earmarks, within fungible money. Many forms of individual and organizational credit similarly involve earmarks that constrain the use and allocation of future purchasing power. Credit is always earmarked in terms of who is a legitimate recipient but also often in terms of how the money can be used. A home mortgage, for example, can be used to purchase a house but not a car. The chapter also considers whether the financialization of the economy “has helped to monetize more of the world.” It finds instead unexpected limits to monetary valuation. In the contemporary over-the-counter derivatives market, for instance, participants often rely on non-price-based forms of valuation.
Conference papers on the topic "Recipient value"
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Auråen, Henrik, Arnt Fiane, Odd Geiran, Øystein Bjørtuft, Inga Leuckfeld, and Are Martin Holm. "Predictive value of donor age for recipient lung function and CLAD-free survival after lung transplantation." In Annual Congress 2015. European Respiratory Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2015.pa4545.
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Predajnianska, Anna, and Ján Takács. "THE POSSIBILITY OF USING THE ENERGY POTENTIAL OF WASTE POOL WATER." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/53.
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Thermal baths in Slovakia are producers of wastewater, which hides considerable energy potential. The wastewater from the thermal pools has often exceeds the maximum permissible value of the temperature of the wastewater discharged into the water recipient. As a result, there is undesirable damage to the environment, which results in sanctions for the operators of these facilities. Our aim is to present the concept of a single- and double-step heat recuperation system of waste pool water using applications of various types of heat exchangers or heat pumps. The aim of this application is to ensure a suitable temperature to the discharged waste pool water, efficient use of the energy potential of the waste water and saving of primary energy in the form of geothermal water, thus extending the life of the entire system.
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Eslaminasab, N., S. Arzanpour, and M. F. Golnaraghi. "Optimal Design of Asymmetric Passive and Semi-Active Dampers." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42176.
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Vibration isolators are essentially used to reduce the magnitude of motion or force transmitted from a vibrating source to vibration recipient bodies. Such recipients might be a foundation, a structure, or even a human’s body. Despite all the advancement in vibration control using active and semi-active systems, passive vibration isolators are still widely used in different industrial applications because of their simplicity and low cost. In this paper we investigate an asymmetric one-degree of freedom vibration isolator. This is very important in practice, because all hydraulic dampers are asymmetric in nature. Due to the non-linearity of this system as a result of asymmetric damping, analytical methods of averaging and numerical simulation are used to analyze its frequency and time response characteristics. Optimal damping and stiffness values for the isolator are obtained by minimizing the cost functions, which are the Root Mean Square (RMS) of the acceleration transmissibility and the relative displacement transmissibility. The effect of the asymmetric damping on the optimal values in passive systems are then analyzed and used to create a design chart for the isolator parameters. In addition, the effect of asymmetry on the conventional semi-active systems is studied and the method to the optimal design of asymmetric semi-active systems is discussed.
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Godeau, Elise, Christian Caillard, Gregoire Jolly, Astrid Bertier, Kinan El Husseini, Matthieu Salaun, Dominique Bertrand, et al. "Diagnostic Value of Flexible Bronchoscopy in kidney transplant recipients." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa4786.
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Panchenko, Svetlana. "Mental Map of Yekaterinburg in the Book 'The Drawn City' By A. Ryzhkov: Linguistic Analysis." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-42.
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The article contains a linguistic analysis of the book ‘The Drawn City’ by A. Ryzhkov; the book comprises reproductions of pictures and respective text in the context of a mental map of the city of Yekaterinburg. In approaching the mental map as spatial information in people’s minds, reflecting the image of the city, the goals of linguistic analysis are to show the vision of the metropolis and the linguistic ways of verbally expressing the thoughts and feelings of the landscape artist; to determine the value to society of the private perception of the city through artistic representation and textual expression. Stylistic analysis of the text reveals the dominant features regarding the lexical, morphological and syntactic levels, while the pragmatics of the text consider its social relevance. Peculiar traits of the author’s style of the artist and the writer, as perceived by readers, have been listed; important points of the mental map of the city have been defined accounting for the book’s content: architecture, dominant idea, eclectics. The perception of time in synchronicity and diachronicity in the narrative regarding Yekaterinburg is considered, the motif of transition from reality to imagery is shown. Examples are given of positive, negative and contradictory evaluations of architectural objects, verbally influencing readers through the creation of visual images. There are linguistic tricks listed which were used in the book by A. Ryzhkov uses language techniques that hold the attention of the recipient of the text: comparison, personification, the use of colloquial language, humour and wordplay, and dialogisation. Methods of the creation of an imagery-geographic map of urban space have been shown in the author’s iconic-symbolic form. A conclusion was made on the significance of the book of A. Ryzhkov having used a visual-verbal method for the creation of a sustainable and replicable image of the city in the human mind. The artist’s civic stance on city protection has been set forth.
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Samar Brenčič, Neja, Malcolm Fisk, and Uroš Rajkovič. "How Can an AI Supported, Self-Assessment Tool Raise Standards of Digital Health Services During COVID-19 Emergency?" In Values, Competencies and Changes in Organizations. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-442-2.62.
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It is understandable that digital health services are now being developed in the context of a global emergency. However, it is crucial that standards are in place for these services to support their operation in a way that accommodates common interests and objectives and recognises the level of their importance for all stakeholders involved (including service recipients or users). We believe that it is necessary to establish and maintain quality standards for digital health products and services in these conditions. Furthermore, even after the pandemic, the need to integrate digital health services into traditional health and social services will remain a priority. Therefore we consider whether multi-criteria, self assessment tools, supported with artificial intelligence, can raise standards of digital health services that are rapidly developing as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. We believe that such digital services are no longer just an alternative form of health care. It follows that frameworks for the development of standards, accreditation and regulation must also be included as national (or supra-national) priorities. These will help ensure not only technological but also service quality.
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Herrlander, Bo. "Novel Gas Cleaning With Integrated Energy Recovery." In 19th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec19-5415.
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High-energy recovery combined with low emissions to air and water was targeted when Jo¨nko¨ping Energi planned their new Waste to Energy plant at Torsvik in Sweden. The plant is compliant with the new EU Industry Directive and the Waste Frame Directive R-formula, which defines energy recovery levels for recycle of energy. In total about 160 000 tons of municipal (40%) and commercial waste (60%) is annually converted into usable energy. The average heat value is 11,7 MJ/kg. The energy produced is a combination of electricity (14 MWe) and heat (42–56 MWth, depending on electricity production). The heat is recovered both in a boiler and in a condenser. The flue gas condensing system is combined with a heat pump (10 MWth) to optimize the heat recovery rate. The plant is designed to fulfill the requirements set by the Swedish authorities, which are more stringent than the EU emission requirements. Some examples of the plant emissions to air guarantees: dust 5, HCl 5, SO2 20, HF1, Hg 0,03, Cd+Tl 0,05, other HM 0,5 all in mg/Nm3 and dioxin 0,05 ng/Nm3. The flue gas cleaning upstream of the condenser consists of a combination of a semi-dry system and a wet scrubber. The gas cleaning system operating range goes from 60 000 up to 127 000 Nm3/h depending on load and fuel heat value. The semi-dry system is carrying out the major part of the gas cleaning and is sufficient to comply with the air regulations. However, in order to minimize the treatment of the condensate from the condenser the wet scrubber is installed after the semi-dry system and upstream the condenser. The blow down from the scrubber is reused within the plant. Thus the polishing scrubber secures minimal treatment of the condensate to comply with the local stringent limits, particular chlorides, before release to the recipient lake Munksjo¨n. Emissions to water were 2010 nitrogen 1,7 mg/l, Cl <3,6 mg/l, As 0,66 μg/l, Cd <0,07 μg/l, Cr <6 μg/l, Cu 0,8 μg/l, Hg <0,4 μg/l, Ni <0,66 μg/l, Pb<1,2 μg/l, Tl<1,3 μg/l, Zn<7,2 μg/l and PCDD/PCDF 0,0088 ng/l. In the wet scrubber acid stage residual HCl and excess ammonia from the SNCR system are removed. The latter compound is important to capture in order to prevent eutrophication. The combination of a semidry and a wet system enables an optimization of the flue gas cleaning with regard to the different operating situations, taking into account seasonal demand variations as well as fuel alterations. The concept has demonstrated very low emissions combined with low consumption of lime. The possibility to optimize the flue gas cleaning performance is a prerequisite for minimal condensate treatment and optimal energy recovery. The paper will describe the system and the operating experiences.
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Pletnev, Dmitri, Ekaterina Nikolaeva, and Zinfira Bitkulova. "Features of Value Added Distribution of Gazprom Corporation in 2004-2012." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00911.
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Searching for new indices of a modern corporation is one of urgent problems of modern economic science. In our opinion, there are good prospects of using "a value added" as an indicator. It reflects a corporation’s ability of creating a new value, whereas its distribution between different players shows an ability of meeting their interests. The aim of the present paper is to propose a methodology and consider a calculation of the amount and distribution of values added between major groups of players on the basis of some financial statements of the Gazprom Corporation for the period of 2004-2012. The proposed methodology for estimating a value added is based on a Marxist interpretation of this concept. Such a value added can be calculated as a sum of elements that belong to different stakeholders. For our calculation, we have used data contained in the Gazprom Corporation’s IFRS consolidated financial statements and quarterly reports for the period of 2004-2012. The main part of the value added of Gazprom was appropriated by the state through tax and customs systems. Its share is around 50% of the total value added. The second most important recipients of the value added are corporation owners. Their share just slightly fell short of 40% in 2010 and 2011, and in 2012 it was 33.8%. The third most important subjects in terms of value added assignments are workers. Their share has been steadily shrinking in the period from 2004 (13.8%) to 2012 (10.4%).
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Liao, Jun, Erinn M. Joyce, Hugh L. Jones, Mina Tahai, Ali Borazjani, W. David Merryman, and Michael S. Sacks. "The Intrinsic Durability of Aortic Valve ECM in Absence of Cellular Maintenance." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-193110.
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In the last two decades, decellularized native aortic valve (AV) has been investigated as tissue engineered heart valve (TEHV) replacements due to their potential to develop into a viable valve.[1] Decellularization removes major immunogenic cellular components. After repopulated with recipient’s cells, TEHV can be readily used because of the necessary functional design.[2] However, several problems with this approach have been identified, such as insufficient cell infiltration, mechanical deterioration, formation of fibrous sheath on implantation, and reduced orifice area after surgery.[3]
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Wiaterek, Gregory K., Ray W. Shepherd, Kristin Miller, and Hans Lee. "Review Of Diagnostic Yield Of Bronchoscopy In Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: Potential Predictive Value Of The Air Bronchogram Sign." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a4472.
Full textReports on the topic "Recipient value"
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Baluk, Nadia, Natalia Basij, Larysa Buk, and Olha Vovchanska. VR/AR-TECHNOLOGIES – NEW CONTENT OF THE NEW MEDIA. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11074.
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The article analyzes the peculiarities of the media content shaping and transformation in the convergent dimension of cross-media, taking into account the possibilities of augmented reality. With the help of the principles of objectivity, complexity and reliability in scientific research, a number of general scientific and special methods are used: method of analysis, synthesis, generalization, method of monitoring, observation, problem-thematic, typological and discursive methods. According to the form of information presentation, such types of media content as visual, audio, verbal and combined are defined and characterized. The most important in journalism is verbal content, it is the one that carries the main information load. The dynamic development of converged media leads to the dominance of image and video content; the likelihood of increasing the secondary content of the text increases. Given the market situation, the effective information product is a combined content that combines text with images, spreadsheets with video, animation with infographics, etc. Increasing number of new media are using applications and website platforms to interact with recipients. To proceed, the peculiarities of the new content of new media with the involvement of augmented reality are determined. Examples of successful interactive communication between recipients, the leading news agencies and commercial structures are provided. The conditions for effective use of VR / AR-technologies in the media content of new media, the involvement of viewers in changing stories with augmented reality are determined. The so-called immersive effect with the use of VR / AR-technologies involves complete immersion, immersion of the interested audience in the essence of the event being relayed. This interaction can be achieved through different types of VR video interactivity. One of the most important results of using VR content is the spatio-temporal and emotional immersion of viewers in the plot. The recipient turns from an external observer into an internal one; but his constant participation requires that the user preferences are taken into account. Factors such as satisfaction, positive reinforcement, empathy, and value influence the choice of VR / AR content by viewers.
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McGill, Karis, and Eleanor Turner. Return on Investment Analysis of Private Sector Facilitation Funds for Rwandan Agribusinesses. RTI Press, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.rr.0042.2008.
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This study analyzes the return on investment for an agribusiness facilitation fund implemented in Rwanda. Combining project monitoring data with supplementary surveys and interviews of recipient agribusinesses, we find a positive return on investment in terms of farmer income generated per dollar spent by the US government. To determine the commercial viability of the investments, we estimate the payback period and find the median time it will take a firm to recoup the entire investment through profits is 3.7 years. We estimate the net present value of the entire fund portfolio to be $12.5 million. These estimates rely on conservative assumptions and likely underrepresent the profitability of the investments. Given the positive returns and commercial viability of the agribusinesses, we examine the fund’s role as a first step to “graduate” firms toward investment readiness. Although three firms did access equity investment, we find that the majority of the businesses in the portfolio do not meet investor requirements for deal size and management capacity and are more appropriately financed by commercial lenders. We conclude with recommendations for the implementation and measurement of similar funds.
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Aparicio, Gabriela, Vida Bobić, Fernando De Olloqui, María Carmen Fernández Diez, María Paula Gerardino, Oscar A. Mitnik, and Sebastian Vargas Macedo. Liquidity or Capital?: The Impacts of Easing Credit Constraints in Rural Mexico. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003336.
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This paper evaluates the effectiveness of easing credit constraints for rural producers in Mexico through loans provided by a national public development finance institution. In contrast to most of the existing literature, the study focuses on the effect of medium-sized loans over a two- to four-year time horizon. This paper looks at the effects of such loans on production and investment decisions, input use, and yields. Using a multiple treatment methodology, it explores the differential impacts of providing liquidity for working capital versus providing credit for investments in fixed assets. It finds that loans increased the likelihood that producers grow and sell certain key annual crops, in particular among recipients of working capital loans. It also finds significant effects on production value and sales (per hectare), with similar impacts for recipients of both types of loans, with gains in yields driven by changes in labor quality and more intensive use of key inputs. There is no evidence of significant effects on the purchase of large machinery, but there are impacts on the acquisition of cattle. Overall, the results reported in this paper suggest that lack of liquidity is at least as important as lack of funding for new investment in capital for rural producers in Mexico. Producers benefit from easing their credit constraints, regardless of the type of loan used for that purpose.
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Quail, Stephanie, and Sarah Coysh. Inside Out: A Curriculum for Making Grant Outputs into OER. York University Libraries, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/10315/38016.
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Catalyzed by the passing of the York University Open Access Policy last year, a recognition has been growing at York University, like most other institutions, about the value of Open Educational Resources (OER) and more broadly, open education. This heightened awareness led to the formation of a campus-wide Open Education Working Group in January 2020. The group advocated that faculty members who receive internal funding for teaching innovation projects through York’s Academic Innovation Fund (AIF) should include a Creative Commons license on their grant outputs to facilitate the re-use, and potentially re-mixing, of the content by educators inside and outside of York University. A copy and/or link to their grant output would also be deposited into York’s institutional repository, YorkSpace. To support the 71 funded projects in achieving these lofty goals, an open education and open licensing curriculum was developed by two of the librarian members of the Open Education Working Group. This session describes how the librarians created the training program and participants will leave the session better understanding: How to develop learning modules for adult learners and apply these best practices when teaching faculty online (synchronously & asynchronously); How to access York’s open education training program and learn how they can remix the content for their own institution’s training purposes; The common types of questions and misconceptions that arise when teaching an open education and Creative Commons licensing program for faculty. Originally the program was conceived as an in-person workshop series; however, with the COVID-19 campus closure, it was redesigned into a four module synchronous and asynchronous educational program delivered via Moodle, H5P and Zoom. Modeled after the SUNY OER Community Course and materials from Abbey Elder’s OER Starter Kit, the program gave grant recipients a grounding in open educational resources, searching open course material repositories, copyright/Creative Commons licensing, and content deposit in York’s institutional repository, including OER metadata creation and accessibility considerations. The librarians modeled best practices in the use and creation of Creative Commons licensed resources throughout the program. Qualitative feedback was gathered at the end of each module in both the synchronous and asynchronous offerings of the program and will be shared with participants. The presenters will also discuss lessons learned, next steps, and some of the challenges they encountered. https://youtu.be/n6dT8UNLtJo