Journal articles: 'Recidivism Victoria Case studies'

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Elwood, Richard W. "Updating Probability in Sex Offender Risk Assessment." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 7 (June 7, 2017): 2063–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x17711880.

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Actuarial scales like the Static-99R are widely used to predict an individual’s risk of sexual recidivism. However, current actuarial scales only provide rates of detected sex offenses over 10-year follow-up and do not account for all recidivism risk factors. Therefore, some forensic evaluators extrapolate, adjust, or override recidivism rates derived from actuarial scales to predict the lifetime risk of committed offenses that accounts for external risk factors, those not addressed by the actuarial scales. However, critics contend that altering rates from actuarial scales degrades their predictive validity. This article makes the case for extrapolating risk for time of exposure and for evidence-based external risk factors. It proposes using odds ratios (ORs) from case-control studies to adjust predictions from follow-up cohort studies. Finally, it shows how evaluators can apply ORs and their margins of error to sex offender risk assessment.

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Teare, Sheldon, and Danielle Measday. "Pyrite Rehousing – Recent Case Studies at Two Australian Museums." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e26343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26343.

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Two major collecting institutions in Australia, the Australian Museum (Sydney) and Museums Victoria (Melbourne), are currently undertaking large-scale anoxic rehousing projects in their collections to control conservation issues caused by pyrite oxidation. This paper will highlight the successes and challenges of the rehousing projects at both institutions, which have collaborated on developing strategies to mitigate loss to their collections. In 2017, Museums Victoria Conservation undertook a survey with an Oxybaby M+ Gas Analyser to assess the oxygen levels in all their existing anoxic microclimates before launching a program to replace failed microclimates and expand the number of specimens housed in anoxic storage. This project included a literature review of current conservation materials and techniques associated with anoxic storage, and informed the selection of the RP System oxygen scavenger and Escal Neo barrier film from Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company as the best-practice products to use for this application. Conservation at the Australian Museum in Sydney was notified of wide-scale pyrite decay in the Palaeontology and Mineral collections. It was noted that many of the old high-barrier film enclosures, done more than ten years ago, were showing signs of failing. None of the Palaeontology specimens had ever been placed in microclimates. After consultation with Museums Victoria and Collection staff, a similar pathway used by Museums Victoria was adopted. Because of the scale of the rehousing project, standardized custom boxes were made, making the construction of hundreds of boxes easier. It is hoped that new products, like the tube-style Escal film, will extend the life of this rehousing project. Enclosures are being tested at the Australian Museum with a digital oxygen meter. Pyrite rehousing projects highlight the loss of Collection materials and data brought about by the inherent properties of some specimens. The steps undertaken to mitigate or reduce the levels of corrosion are linked to the preservation of both the specimens and the data kept with them (paper labels). These projects benefited from the collaboration of Natural Sciences conservators in Australia with Geosciences collections staff. Natural Science is a relatively recent specialization for the Australian conservation profession and it is important to build resources and capacity for conservators to care for these collections. This applied knowledge has already been passed on to other regions in Australia.

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Booth, Alison. "MILLENNIAL VICTORIA." Victorian Literature and Culture 29, no. 1 (March 2001): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150301291104.

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HAVING SURVIVED THE Y2K HYSTERIA, we may feel we have entered new corridors of one hundred and one thousand years. But it is only in 2001 that the punctilious and historical among us may at last observe a centennial, truly the final year of the past century and the hundredth anniversary of the death of Queen Victoria.1 The Jubilees in the last decades of Victoria’s life, and the ceremonies of international mourning that followed her death, might seem to have said goodbye to all that, but in many ways we are still under the sway of the great queen who lent her name to the age before “the American century.” Our own fin-de-siècle urges us to rediscover the many forms of Victoria that have “been hidden in plain view for a hundred years,” as Margaret Homans and Adrienne Munich put it in their co-edited collection of essays, Remaking Queen Victoria (1).2 While North American and British feminist studies have dwelt among Victorian ways since the 1970s — with implications that I will consider below — the queen herself has recently commanded critical attention that might seem, like so many features of Victoria’s public performance, out of proportion. Yet that excess, like our obeisance to the arbitrary power of the calendar, seems to be the very stuff of imagined community and ideological construction, and thus worth watching in action. In any case, when feminist literary critics such as Adrienne Munich, Margaret Homans, and Gail Turley Houston

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Parmentier, Marie-Agnès. "When David Met Victoria." Family Business Review 24, no. 3 (May 10, 2011): 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894486511408415.

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This article seeks to understand how distinctive family brands are created. Recent studies in family business have focused on the benefits for a firm to be known as family owned or family controlled. Few studies have paid attention to the distinct meanings stakeholders associate with a given family or to how that family comes to have those associations in the eyes of external stakeholders. Based on a case study of one of the entertainment industry’s most successful family brands—The Beckhams—four practices conducive to building brand distinctiveness and brand visibility are identified.

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Petkus, Amber A., Christopher J. Sullivan, Melissa Lugo, and Jamie Newsome. "The Impact of Risk Assessment on Juvenile Justice Decision-Making and New Adjudication: An Analysis of Usage and Outcome." Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice 20, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 139–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15412040211061270.

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Juvenile risk and needs assessments (JRNAs) have been the focus of extensive research in the academic literature. Prior studies have primarily focused on the risk-recidivism relationship and establishing predictive validity with juvenile populations. Less investigated is the use of risk and need assessment in practice, including how such tools are used to inform decision-making. This study uses record data encompassing 3,034 youth from a multi-state study to examine dispositional and treatment decisions associated with the Ohio Youth Assessment System (OYAS). Specifically, mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate how current practices align with underlying logic and theory regarding the role of assessments in juvenile justice. Findings reveal varied and complex relationships between assessment scores, case decisions, and recidivism. While risk was generally associated with recidivism, our results suggest juvenile risk and need assessments are inconsistently used to inform case management and placement decisions. Implications for practice and future research are also discussed.

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Lerner, Kenneth, Gary Arling, and S. Christopher Baird. "Client Management Classification Strategies for Case Supervision." Crime & Delinquency 32, no. 3 (July 1986): 254–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128786032003002.

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This article describes the client management classification (CMC) system. CMC is a comprehensive classification approach consisting of three major components: an objectively scored structured interview; strategies for supervising different types of clients; and a case planning process that stresses practical behavioral objectives. The classification group and supervision strategies are described, stressing implications for both correctional institutions and the correctional field. Three research evaluations of CMC are presented. One survey reflects benefits to line staff, while two outcome studies demonstrate improvement in recidivism and employment.

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Clarke, Martin, Susan Brown, and Birgit Völlm. "Circles of Support and Accountability for Sex Offenders: A Systematic Review of Outcomes." Sexual Abuse 29, no. 5 (September 14, 2015): 446–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1079063215603691.

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We conducted a systematic review of studies reporting on the effectiveness of Circles of Support and Accountability (Circles). Circles use volunteers to provide support for sex offenders living in the community. We searched 10 databases up to the end of 2013 and identified 3 relevant outcome studies. An additional 12 papers or reports were identified by searching reference lists, Google, and contacting key authors and Circles providers to obtain unpublished data. These 15 studies comprised one randomized controlled trial, three retrospective cohorts with matched controls, and 11 case series. The majority reported measures of recidivism, particularly reconviction. The 4 studies with controls generally reported that participation in Circles was associated with lower recidivism although there were few statistically significant differences. Few studies examined changes in risk or psychosocial outcomes. A number of methodological issues are discussed. Longer term, prospective follow-up studies with control groups are required to address these issues.

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Stelle, Kit R., Elizabeth Mauser, and D. Paul Moberg. "Recidivism to the Criminal Justice System of Substance-Abusing Offenders Diverted into Treatment." Crime & Delinquency 40, no. 2 (April 1994): 175–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128794040002003.

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In 1989, Wisconsin funded Treatment Alternative Programs (TAP), based on the Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime (TASC) model, to provide treatment alternatives in lieu of imprisonment for substance-abusing offenders. TAP's goal is to break the offender's drug/crime cycle, using a case management model. Follow-up studies assessed TAP participant recidivism over an 18-month period. Client recidivism information since admission to TAP was obtained from numerous public sources, including probation/parole and court records. Results strongly suggest that offenders completing TAP are significantly less likely to recidivate than offenders not completing the program. Cost analyses suggest TAP can be more cost-effective than incarceration.

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Wheeler, Fiona, and Jennifer Laing. "Tourism as a Vehicle for Liveable Communities: Case studies from regional Victoria, Australia." Annals of Leisure Research 11, no. 1-2 (January 2008): 242–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2008.9686795.

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Mikhail, Judy Nanette, and Lynne Sheri Nemeth. "Trauma Center Based Youth Violence Prevention Programs." Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 17, no. 5 (July 8, 2016): 500–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838015584373.

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Objective: Youth violence recidivism remains a significant public health crisis in the United States. Violence prevention is a requirement of all trauma centers, yet little is known about the effectiveness of these programs. Therefore, this systematic review summarizes the effectiveness of trauma center–based youth violence prevention programs. Methods: A systematic review of articles from MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsychINFO databases was performed to identify eligible control trials or observational studies. Included studies were from 1970 to 2013, describing and evaluating an intervention, were trauma center based, and targeted youth injured by violence (tertiary prevention). The social ecological model provided the guiding framework, and findings are summarized qualitatively. Results: Ten studies met eligibility requirements. Case management and brief intervention were the primary strategies, and 90% of the studies showed some improvement in one or more outcome measures. These results held across both social ecological level and setting: both emergency department and inpatient unit settings. Conclusions: Brief intervention and case management are frequent and potentially effective trauma center–based violence prevention interventions. Case management initiated as an inpatient and continued beyond discharge was the most frequently used intervention and was associated with reduced rearrest or reinjury rates. Further research is needed, specifically longitudinal studies using experimental designs with high program fidelity incorporating uniform direct outcome measures. However, this review provides initial evidence that trauma centers can intervene with the highest of risk patients and break the youth violence recidivism cycle.

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Kusak, Artur, Oskar Rosiak, Marcin Durko, Piotr Grzelak, and Wioletta Pietruszewska. "Diagnostic imaging in chronic otitis media: does CT and MRI fusion aid therapeutic decision making? – a pilot study." Otolaryngologia Polska 72, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.5423.

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Introduction: Despite the recent advances in otosurgery diagnosis of cholesteatoma and qualification for surgery remains an issue in contemporary laryngology. In cases of cholesteatoma recidivism, it is of utmost importance to properly locate the pathology in the middle ear to plan surgical approach. Magnetic Resonance imaging in diffusion weighted non-echoplanar sequences (non-EPI DWI) enables cholesteatoma detection as small as 2 mm and could potentially prevent unnecessary second-look surgery. Computed Tomography of the temporal bone allows precise visualization of bony structures and topographical landmarks of the middle ear. A fusion of both imaging modalities combines the advantages of these techniques. Material and methods: Five patients treated in the Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Lodz for probable cholesteatoma recidivism were included in this study. A high-resolution CT scan of the temporal bone and an MRI scan including non-EPI sequences was obtained in all patients. A fusion of CT and MRI studies was conducted using OsirixMD software. Fist, CT studies were fused with MRI BFFE sequences, then non-EPI sequences were added. Finally, if the patient qualified for surgical treatment histopathological diagnosis was compared with MRI results. Results: CT scans were analyzed to establish the extent of previous surgical interventions and anatomical landmarks preservation. In all cases MRI results were suspicious of cholesteatoma recidivism. Four cases were confirmed in postoperative histopathological evaluation, there was one false positive case when intraoperatively scar tissue was identified, which was later confirmed as connective tissue upon histopathological evaluation. Conclusions: CT and MRI fusion provides a helpful diagnostic tool in preparation for surgery in patients with suspected cholesteatoma recidivism. Key words: magnetic resonance, computed tomography, cholesteatoma, canal wall-up surgery

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Serena, M., and G. A. Williams. "Movements and cumulative range size of the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) inferred from mark–recapture studies." Australian Journal of Zoology 60, no. 5 (2012): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo12121.

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The extent of mammalian movements often varies with size, sex and/or reproductive status. Fyke nets were set along streams and rivers near Melbourne (southern Victoria) from the mid-1990s to 2007, and in the Wimmera River catchment (western Victoria) from 1997 to 2005, to assess how far platypus of different age and sex classes travelled between captures and over longer periods. The mean distance between consecutive captures of adults did not vary significantly as intervals increased from 1–3 months to >3 years, suggesting that most individuals occupied stable ranges. However, adult females travelled, on average, only 35% as far between captures as males in southern Victoria, and 29% as far in the Wimmera. Up to half of this difference may be explained by variation in size-related metabolic requirements. Immature males and females respectively moved 61% and 53% as far, on average, as their adult equivalents, although two young males dispersed >40 km. Adults incrementally occupied up to 13.9 km of channel in the case of a male (based on six captures over 67 months) and 4.4 km of channel in the case of a female (based on five captures over 127 months).

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Richer, Monique, and M. Lynn Crismon. "Pharmacotherapy of Sexual Offenders." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 27, no. 3 (March 1993): 316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809302700314.

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OBJECTIVE: To review the definition, sociology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, medicolegal aspects, and pharmacologic treatment of sexual offenders, with emphasis on the antiandrogens, the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) antagonists, and the serotonergics. DATA SOURCES: An English-language literature search using MEDLINE (1966–1991) yielded clinical trials, case reports, editorials, and review articles. STUDY SELECTION: Emphasis was placed on comparative trials and case reports discussing pedophilia, rape, and exhibitionism. DATA EXTRACTION: Data from controlled human studies were evaluated. The trials were assessed for sample size, duration of therapy, therapeutic response, and incidence of recidivism. CONCLUSIONS: The pharmacologic management of sexual offenders is controversial, and treatment is presently focused on psychotherapy and the use of antiandrogenic medications. Few well-controlled, blinded, efficacy trials with adequate sample sizes have been conducted. The populations studied are heterogeneous, and the subjects enrolled present with different sexually coercive behaviors. Consequently, the results of these studies are difficult to extrapolate to the treatment of other sexual offenders. No convincing evidence exists that pharmacologic treatment decreases the recidivism rate. Case reports describing the use of serotonergic drugs and LHRH antagonists hopefully will promote controlled clinical trials. A social consensus must be reached concerning the ethics of using these agents as a part of the treatment of sexual offenders.

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Kowalski, Melissa A. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Justice-Involved Youth: The Effect of Trauma and Programming on Different Recidivistic Outcomes." Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice 17, no. 4 (November 2018): 354–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541204018809836.

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Studies have demonstrated that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are prevalent in justice-involved youth and related to recidivism. However, the effect of programming on reducing reoffending for youth with a trauma history is not well researched. This study aims to examine the prevalence of ACEs across different subsets of justice-involved youth, as well as the impact of family-based programming and aggression replacement training (ART) for youth exposed to ACEs. Presence of ACEs among 50,862 in Washington State is examined via multiple statistical tests. Results indicate that ACEs are prevalent in this sample, with higher ACE scores being associated with a greater risk of reoffending for different types of recidivism. Both family-based programming and ART had an impact on recidivism for males, while only completion of ART resulted in a decreased odds of reoffending for females. However, an intervention between programming and ACEs was nonsignificant, indicating that these particular interventions are not more beneficial for youth exposed to trauma than they are for the general justice-involved youth population. Findings outline the need to give ACEs serious consideration in the juvenile justice system, as these trauma experiences can inform case management and programming.

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Battams, Samantha, Toni Delany-Crowe, Matt Fisher, Lester Wright, Anthea Krieg, Dennis McDermott, and Fran Baum. "Applying Crime Prevention and Health Promotion Frameworks to the Problem of High Incarceration Rates for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Populations: Lessons from a Case Study from Victoria." International Indigenous Policy Journal 12, no. 2 (May 14, 2021): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2021.12.2.10208.

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This article examines what kinds of policy reforms are required to reduce incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people through a case study of policy in the Australian state of Victoria. This state provides a good example of a jurisdiction with policies focused upon, and developed in partnership with, Aboriginal communities in Victoria, but which despite this has steadily increasing incarceration rates of Indigenous people. The case study consisted of a qualitative analysis of two key justice sector policies focused upon the Indigenous community in Victoria and interviews with key justice sector staff. Case study results are analysed in terms of primary, secondary, and tertiary crime prevention; the social determinants of Indigenous health; and recommended actions from the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Finally, recommendations are made for future justice sector policies and approaches that may help to reduce the high levels of incarceration of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

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Laing, Jennifer, and Warwick Frost. "Food, Wine … Heritage, Identity? Two Case Studies of Italian Diaspora Festivals in Regional Victoria." Tourism Analysis 18, no. 3 (August 9, 2013): 323–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/108354213x13673398610817.

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Slick, Daniel J., Jing E. Tan, Esther Strauss, Catherine A. Mateer, Michael Harnadek, and Elisabeth M. S. Sherman. "Victoria Symptom Validity Test Scores of Patients with Profound Memory Impairment: NonLitigant Case Studies." Clinical Neuropsychologist 17, no. 3 (August 2003): 390–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/clin.17.3.390.18090.

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Porter, Joanne E., Nareeda Miller, Anita Giannis, and Nicole Coombs. "Family Presence During Resuscitation (FPDR): Observational case studies of emergency personnel in Victoria, Australia." International Emergency Nursing 33 (July 2017): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ienj.2016.12.002.

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Mogano, Thapelo Isaac, Selelo Frank Rapholo, and Livhuwani Bethuel Ramphabana. "Recidivism amongst children in conflict with the law who have undergone anger management diversion programme: The case of NICRO in Limpopo Province." Technium Social Sciences Journal 28 (February 9, 2022): 691–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v28i1.5333.

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Studies show that there is a high rate of recidivism amongst children in conflict with the law who have attended anger management programme. Anger management is now a major issue affecting children and youth across societies including South Africa. Poor management of anger often leads children and youth into committing criminal offences. There are no enough studies which rigorously explored possible reasons for children’s reoffending behaviours after attending anger management programme. This qualitative study sought to describe factors which lead children to reoffend after attending anger management diversion programme at NICRO (National Institute of Crime and Re-Integration of Offenders) in Limpopo Province. To pursue the aim of this study, behaviour modification approach was followed. A descriptive multiple case-study design was used to purposefully and conviniently select three social workers who facilitated the programme and ten youths who attended the programme while they were still under the age of 18 years. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data which was analysed thematically with the assistance of the Nvivo software. Findings revealed lack of family support, peer influence and substance use , poor educational competencies and lack of understanding of the programme as factors leading to recidivism amongst children in conflict with the law. It is therefore recommended that the re-intergration process of children who completed the programme incorporate serious follow up sessions.

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Beed, Clive, and Patrick Moriarty. "How Convincing was the Economic Case for Restructuring Local Government in Victoria?" Urban Policy and Research 5, no. 3 (September 1987): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08111148708551304.

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Muhlebach, Robyn. "Curriculum and Professional Development in Environmental Education: A Case Study." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 11 (1995): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600002962.

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This particular case study looks at the problem of curriculum and professional development in environmental education at a small semi rural primary school in south western Victoria. In this paper the ‘study’ refers to the case study research at Elliminyt Primary School and the ‘project’ refers to a wider OECD-CERI ENSI project which included many other case studies other than the one described here.

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FINLAYSON, B. L., and S. O. BRIZGA. "The Oral Tradition, Environmental Change and River Basin Management: Case Studies from Queensland and Victoria." Australian Geographical Studies 33, no. 2 (October 1995): 180–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8470.1995.tb00693.x.

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Weiler, Betty, and Xin Yu. "Case Studies of the Experiences of Chinese Visitors to Three Tourist Attractions in Victoria, Australia." Annals of Leisure Research 11, no. 1-2 (January 2008): 225–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2008.9686794.

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Young, Suzanne. "Outsourcing: two case studies from the Victorian public hospital sector." Australian Health Review 31, no. 1 (2007): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah070140.

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Outsourcing was one process of privatisation used in the Victorian public health sector in the 1990s. However it was used to varying degrees and across a variety of different services. This paper attempts to answer the questions: Why have managers outsourced? What have managers considered when they have decided to outsource? The research was carried out in a rural hospital and a metropolitan network in Victoria. The key findings highlight the factors that decision makers considered to be important and those that led to negative outcomes. Economic factors, such as frequency of exchange, length of relationships between the parties, and information availability, were often ignored. However, other factors such as outcome measurability, technology, risk, labour market characteristics and goal conflict, and political factors such as relative power of management over labour were often perceived as important in the decision-making process. Negative outcomes from outsourcing were due to the short length of relationships and accompanying difficulties with trust, commitment and loyalty; poor quality; and excessive monitoring and the measurement of outcomes.

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Fiederlein, Suzanne L. "The 1994 Elections in Mexico: The Case of Chiapas." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 12, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 107–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1052080.

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Este artículo examina las elecciones de 1994 en Chiapas, así como los acontecimientos previos y sus resultados y ramificaciones. El levantamiento zapatista tuvo un impacto profundo en el proceso electoral en Chiapas, así como sobre el movimiento nacional de democratización en México. Mientras que las irregularidades electorales ocurridas por todo el país no fueron vistas como lo suficientemente importantes para desafiar la victoria del partido en el poder en cuanto a la elección de presidente, los resultados oficiales en Chiapas, en particular sobre la elección de gobernador, no se consideraron limpios. Desde las elecciones, los zapatistas y una sociedad civil más vigorosa han continuado la presión sobre el gobierno nacional para implementar una reforma electoral y para resolver cuestiones más amplias, como justicia económica, democratización y responsabilidad gubernamental.

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Troquete, Nadine A. C., Rob H. S. van den Brink, Harry Beintema, Tamara Mulder, Titus W. D. P. van Os, Robert A. Schoevers, and Durk Wiersma. "Risk assessment and shared care planning in out-patient forensic psychiatry: cluster randomised controlled trial." British Journal of Psychiatry 202, no. 5 (May 2013): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.112.113043.

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BackgroundForensic psychiatry aims to reduce recidivism and makes use of risk assessment tools to achieve this goal. Various studies have reported on the predictive qualities of these instruments, but it remains unclear whether their use is associated with actual prevention of recidivism in clinical care.AimsTo test whether an intervention combining risk assessment and shared care planning is associated with a reduction in violent and criminal behaviour.MethodA cluster randomised controlled trial (Netherlands Trial Register number NTR1042) was conducted in three outpatient forensic psychiatric clinics. The intervention comprised risk assessment with the Short Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START) and a shared care planning protocol formulated according to shared decision-making principles. The control group received usual care. The outcome consisted of the proportion of clients with violent or criminal incidents at follow-up.ResultsIn total 58 case managers and 632 of their clients were included, in the intervention group (n=310), 65% received the intervention at least once. Findings showed a general treatment effect (22% of clients with an incident at baseline v. 15% at follow-up, P<0.01) but no significant difference between the two treatment conditions (odds ratio (OR)=1.46, 95% CI 0.89-2.44, P = 0.15).ConclusionsAlthough risk assessment is common practice in forensic psychiatry, our results indicate that the primary goal of preventing recidivism was not reached through risk assessment embedded in shared decision-making.

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Willey, Stephen. "Planning Appeals: Are Third Party Rights Legitimate? The Case Study of Victoria, Australia." Urban Policy and Research 24, no. 3 (September 2006): 369–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08111140600877032.

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Yoon, Yeohyun, and Kyoung Cheon Cha. "A Qualitative Review of Cruise Service Quality: Case Studies from Asia." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (September 30, 2020): 8073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198073.

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Although the cruise sector is considered an ‘unreplaceable’ form of tourism, with the cruise industry recording steady growth over the years, there is a lack of research and analysis on cruise ships themselves. Accordingly, this study sought to determine whether service quality differences among ships operating in the Asian market could suggest broader implications for the sustainability of the cruise industry. We chose the SERVQUAL framework for the analysis; we also employed the multiple case study method and topic synthesis to compare the service quality of three ships. Of the ships investigated—the Costa Victoria, Diamond Princess, and Superstar Virgo—the Diamond Princess had the highest service quality. Based on the results, we outlined suggestions for improving the quality of cruise services, including introducing the latest large ships and high-tech facilities, complying with the departure and arrival times of sailing schedules, improving the ratio of crew members per passenger, establishing a cruise personnel training system, and expanding membership program operations.

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Meyer, Britta S., Adrian Indermaur, Xenia Ehrensperger, Bernd Egger, Gaspard Banyankimbona, Jos Snoeks, and Walter Salzburger. "Back to Tanganyika: a case of recent trans-species-flock dispersal in East African haplochromine cichlid fishes." Royal Society Open Science 2, no. 3 (March 2015): 140498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140498.

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The species flocks of cichlid fishes in the East African Great Lakes are the largest vertebrate adaptive radiations in the world and illustrious textbook examples of convergent evolution between independent species assemblages. Although recent studies suggest some degrees of genetic exchange between riverine taxa and the lake faunas, not a single cichlid species is known from Lakes Tanganyika, Malawi and Victoria that is derived from the radiation associated with another of these lakes. Here, we report the discovery of a haplochromine cichlid species in Lake Tanganyika, which belongs genetically to the species flock of haplochromines of the Lake Victoria region. The new species colonized Lake Tanganyika only recently, suggesting that faunal exchange across watersheds and, hence, between isolated ichthyofaunas, is more common than previously thought.

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Adekeye, Deborah Shade, and Paul Emmanuel. "The nexus between early release of inmates and juvenile recidivism." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 38, no. 9/10 (September 10, 2018): 837–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-11-2017-0145.

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Purpose Delinquency as well as juvenile recidivism cuts across all nations in the world with its negative consequences on individuals, social and economic phases of life. Despite various interventions, strategies, the rate of recidivism has been on the increase. This calls for concern and a need to find a solution to the menace. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the nexus between early release of inmates and juvenile recidivism using Barnawa Borstal Training Institute, Kaduna, as case study and to identify other pre-disposing factors that contribute to juvenile recidivism in the society. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted a survey research design and used the questionnaire as the main instrument of data collection. The sample for the study consisted of 210 juvenile inmates from the Institute. Simple percentile and frequency distribution were used to analyze the data collected from the juvenile, while χ2 was used to test the only hypothesis formulated for the study. The χ2 result ( χ c 2 =1.409; df=3; α level=0.05; χ t 2 =7.815) showed that there is no significant relationship between early release and juvenile recidivism, and rather lack of proper reformation, stigmatization and lack of parental care are some of the important factors causing juvenile recidivism in Nigeria. Findings Based on the findings, it was recommended that government should, through the Borstal homes all over the country, ensure proper and adequate rehabilitation of inmates and provide adequate public enlightment for the safe and total re-absorption of inmates without stigmatization. Research limitations/implications The major limitation of the work is the fact that the Borstal Institute in Kaduna has only male inmates, so there is no opportunity to consider the effect of gender on juvenile recidivism. Practical implications The practical implications is that the result of this study can be added to the field of criminal justice in Nigeria. The result also bring to the fore the fact that rehabilitation and success rate of re-integration of juvenile delinquents back into the society is everybody’s business. Social implications The social implication of the study is that the study will go a long way in assisting policy makers in government and the prison authority to design and implement policies that will bring about proper reformation and rehabilitation of inmates. Originality/value The research was carried out among juvenile delinquents, some of who have been in and out of the Borstal home many times. So the researchers were able to collect first-hand information from the delinquents that serve as the respondents for this research. Moreover, the research setting was located in the northern part of Nigeria, whereas some of the earlier studies were carried out in the southern part of the country.

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Chávez, Karma R. "Spatializing Gender Performativity: Ecstasy and Possibilities for Livable Life in the Tragic Case of Victoria Arellano." Women's Studies in Communication 33, no. 1 (May 4, 2010): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07491401003669729.

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Fawns, Rod, and David Nance. "Teacher Knowledge, Education Studies and Advanced Skills Credentials." Australian Journal of Education 37, no. 3 (November 1993): 248–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494419303700303.

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It is argued that appraisal of advanced skills in teaching should be based on the pedagogical content knowledge which good teachers, in biology for instance, could be expected to possess and which a well-trained biologist would not. Public acceptance of this claim is the key element in any argued case for a career restructuring which rewards the development of teaching expertise in schools and universities. Several initial schemes employed in Victoria for appraisal of Advanced Skills Teacher 1 are critically examined. An alternative to the competency-based approaches is presented, founded on research into the development of practical reasoning of teachers.

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Joseph, Dawn, and Jane Southcott. "Music participation for older people: Five choirs in Victoria, Australia." Research Studies in Music Education 40, no. 2 (September 10, 2018): 176–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1321103x18773096.

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In Australia and across the globe music participation by older people active in the community has the potential to enhance quality of life. A recent review of the literature found clear evidence of numerous benefits from participation in active music making that encompass the social, physical and psychological. This article reports on five phenomenological case studies of community singing groups comprised of older people active in the community in Melbourne, Victoria. These studies are part of a research project, Well-being and Ageing: Community, Diversity and the Arts in Victoria that began in 2008. Interview data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis and are reported under three overarching themes: Social connection, A sense of well-being, and Musical engagement. For older people in these studies singing in community choirs offered opportunities for social cohesion, positive ageing, and music learning that provided a sense of personal and group fulfilment, community engagement and resilience.

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Moffatt, Susan, A. Raza Ahmen, and Kevin Forward. "First Reported Case of Bacterial Endocarditis Attributable toActinomyces meyeri." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases 7, no. 1 (1996): 71–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1996/761841.

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A 48-year-old man presented to the Victoria General Hospital, Halifax, Nova Scotia in severe congestive heart failure. Echocardiographic studies revealed significant aortic valve insufficiency. Two anaerobic blood cultures performed two weeks apart were both positive forActinomyces meyeri. The patient was treated with high dose intravenous penicillin. Three weeks after antibiotics were begun, he underwent aortic valve replacement. Intraoperative cultures were negative. Histopathological examination revealed findings in keeping with subacute bacterial endocarditis. The patient completed a six-week course of penicillin and was doing well three months after surgery. This is the first case of endocarditis attributable toA meyerireported in the literature.

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Castellano, Ursula. "Courting Compliance: Case Managers as “Double Agents” in the Mental Health Court." Law & Social Inquiry 36, no. 02 (2011): 484–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2011.01239.x.

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An ethnographic study of four Midwest mental health courts was focused on how case managers influence the judicial response to offender noncompliance. Mental health courts, which bear little resemblance to traditional work group models, are staffed by teams of legal and social service professionals working collaboratively toward reducing recidivism and community reintegration for high‐risk offenders. Few studies, however, have explored how treatment providers practice their trade in this new court organization. I investigate how case management professionals, working at the intersections of the social welfare and criminal justice systems, leverage courtroom decision making that results in greater leniency or enhanced punishment. The findings suggest that mental‐health‐court case managers act as boundary spanners in terms of their strategic use of resources to facilitate treatment goals. I conclude that case managers act as “double agents” challenging the state to advocate for clemency while enforcing client rules to uphold the integrity of the court.

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Boeri, Miriam, Aukje Lamonica, and Liam Harbry. "Social Recovery, Social Capital, and Drug Courts." Practicing Anthropology 33, no. 1 (December 27, 2010): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.33.1.9981u42021673167.

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Drug courts were established for criminal offenders whose primary offense is related to drug use. As an alternative to incarceration, the drug court incorporates drug treatment with close judicial supervision. A team approach includes the judge, public defender, case workers and/or treatment providers, and a coordinator. Traditional drug court treatment programs offer therapeutic approaches that include mandatory counseling, 12-step (self-help) group meetings, attendance at regular court sessions, random drug testing, and, in some cases, life skills training (Nolan 2003). Some drug courts place particular emphasis on furthering participants' education and their job skills. In these examples, employment and education are seen as important treatment outcomes (Leukefield 2007; Deschenes 2009). Adding services to drug court programs such as employment and educational resources and increasing the number of residential treatment beds also improves retention rates for participation and helps contain recidivism rates (Deschenes 2009). Most studies find drug court participants to have substantially lower re-arrest rates than comparison samples, with recidivism as low as 27 percent compared to 70 percent for drug offenders who did not participate in a drug court program (Belenko 1998; May 2008).

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Nicholson, S., Y. H. Hui, and P. K. S. Lam. "Pollution in the coastal waters of Hong Kong: case studies of the urban Victoria and Tolo Harbours." Water and Environment Journal 25, no. 3 (June 16, 2010): 387–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2010.00234.x.

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Doyle, Caroline, Sophie Yates, and Jen Hargrave. "Reflecting on the Value of Community Researchers in Criminal Justice Research Projects." Social Sciences 11, no. 4 (April 6, 2022): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11040166.

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While the importance of community researchers has long been acknowledged in disability studies, inclusive research practices such as these are less common in research about another marginalised group: people who are in prison or have spent time in prison. Over the past decade in Australia, the number and rate of people imprisoned has risen rapidly, and recidivism rates remain high, indicating a need for improved services. In this article, we draw on methodological reflections from two case studies on research with marginalised communities, one in disability studies and one in post-prison research. We apply insights from disability research to argue the importance of incorporating community researchers in qualitative research projects seeking to explore the experiences of people involved with the criminal justice system, such as people who have been released from prison.

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Coppola, Erika, Paolo Stocchi, Emanuela Pichelli, Jose Abraham Torres Alavez, Russell Glazer, Graziano Giuliani, Fabio Di Sante, Rita Nogherotto, and Filippo Giorgi. "Non-Hydrostatic RegCM4 (RegCM4-NH): model description and case studies over multiple domains." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 12 (December 21, 2021): 7705–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-7705-2021.

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Abstract. We describe the development of a non-hydrostatic version of the regional climate model RegCM4, called RegCM4-NH, for use at convection-permitting resolutions. The non-hydrostatic dynamical core of the Mesoscale Model MM5 is introduced in the RegCM4, with some modifications to increase stability and applicability of the model to long-term climate simulations. Newly available explicit microphysics schemes are also described, and three case studies of intense convection events are carried out in order to illustrate the performance of the model. They are all run at a convection-permitting grid spacing of 3 km over domains in northern California, Texas and the Lake Victoria region, without the use of parameterized cumulus convection. A substantial improvement is found in several aspects of the simulations compared to corresponding coarser-resolution (12 km) runs completed with the hydrostatic version of the model employing parameterized convection. RegCM4-NH is currently being used in different projects for regional climate simulations at convection-permitting resolutions and is intended to be a resource for users of the RegCM modeling system.

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Ribeiro da Silva, Diana, Daniel Rijo, Paula Castilho, and Paul Gilbert. "The Efficacy of a Compassion-Focused Therapy–Based Intervention in Reducing Psychopathic Traits and Disruptive Behavior: A Clinical Case Study With a Juvenile Detainee." Clinical Case Studies 18, no. 5 (May 15, 2019): 323–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534650119849491.

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Conduct disorder (CD) is the most diagnosed psychopathological disorder in juvenile detainees. The presence of a CD diagnosis, especially when associated with psychopathic traits, contributes to a poor prognosis, high recidivism rates, and low responsivity to treatment in these youth. Although group intervention programs have proven to be effective in decreasing antisocial behavior, studies testing their efficacy in reducing psychopathic traits are scarce and limited. Moreover, there is a lack of research focused on the efficacy of individual treatment approaches specifically designed to reduce psychopathic traits and disruptive behavior in juvenile detainees. Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) shows promising results in the treatment of several psychopathological disorders. Besides, there is some theoretical support to consider CFT a suitable approach to treating juvenile detainees. However, there are no treatment programs based on CFT that are designed to target psychopathic traits and disruptive behavior in these youth. Consequently, treatment outcome research in this area is absent. This clinical case study presents the treatment of a juvenile detainee with CD, a high psychopathic profile, and a very high risk for criminal recidivism using the PSYCHOPATHY.COMP program (a 20-session individual CFT program), which was specially designed to reduce psychopathic traits and disruptive behavior. The treatment outcome data revealed a significant reduction in psychopathic traits and disruptive behavior. The treatment gains were maintained and/or increased over time (3 months after program completion). This clinical case study demonstrates the feasibility and efficacy of the PSYCHOPATHY.COMP program in reducing psychopathic traits and disruptive behavior in a juvenile detainee.

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Gill, Kenneth J., and Ann A. Murphy. "Jail Diversion for Persons with Serious Mental Illness Coordinated by a Prosecutor’s Office." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7917616.

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Persons with serious mental illnesses (SMI) are involved in the criminal justice system at a disproportionately higher rate than the general population. While the exact causes remain unclear, it is accepted that a comprehensive strategy including mental health treatment is needed to reduce recidivism. This paper describes a unique jail diversion program coordinated by a county prosecutor’s office in which individuals were diverted towards mental health services including case management, community-based services, and housing supports. Outcomes were studied over a five-year period, beyond the typical 12- to 24-month follow-up in other studies. Individuals who completed the program, compared to those who did not complete it, were at lower risk for being rearrested, arrested fewer times, and incarcerated fewer days. Gains were moderated by previous criminal justice involvement and substance use but, nevertheless, were maintained despite severity of history. The strongest gains were seen while the individual was still actively enrolled in the diversion services and these outcomes were maintained for up to four years. These findings suggest that completion of a jail diversion program facilitated by a prosecutor’s office can lower recidivism and days incarcerated. Further research is needed to assess the unique contribution of prosecutor office facilitation.

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Paterson, John. "Water Management and Recreational Values; Some Cases in Victoria, Australia." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0021.

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The growing recognition of recreational and amenity demands on water systems introduces a multitude of issues, many of them complex, to the established tasks of water quality management and water management generally. Victorian case studies are presented. They (1) illustrate the range and diversity of situations that can arise in managing competition and enhancing compatibility between traditional water supply objectives and recreational demands. (2) Fluctuation of storage levels, essential to storage operations, detract from recreational value. Recreational and tourism demands upon Lake Hume have grown to threaten traditional operating flexibility. (3) Mokoan is another such instance, but with its supply function in a state of flux, Lake Mokoan provides more scope for a shift in the balance. (4) Salinity management has become an issue in the management of lakes and wetlands when water supply interests and environmental/recreation interests respectively have different perspectives on salt disposal. (5) Recreational use of town supply sources has long been a vexed issue, although marked shifts in the attitudues of many supply authorities have occurred in recent years. (6) Eutrophication of lakes and estuaries raises difficult issues of responsibility and scientific uncertainty, and the water management connection may be tenuous but will attract public attention. (7) The water body attributes valued by specialised recreational interests require definition in terms that water managers can deal with using routine techniques of systems analysis and evaluation. (8) The demands of the fish population and anglers introduce a new perspective in river management and perceptions of instream values are changing markedly. (9) Direct costs of recreational services supplied by water authorities are not fully accounted: allocation choices and fiscal incidence will emerge as issues of significance. (10) These case studies raise only a fraction of the total range of matters that will, in the years to come, tax the technology and political skills of governments and management.

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Fraser, Penny, Janette Lowe, Ebony Jenkins, Kelly Edwards, Steve Allender, and Kristy Bolton. "Case studies of actions from a whole-of-community systems approach to tackle childhood obesity in regional Victoria." Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 13, no. 3 (May 2019): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2018.11.225.

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Mannise, Kelly A. Concannon. "Cultural Practices of Literacy: Case Studies of Language, Literacy, Social Practice, and Power ed. by Victoria Purcell-Gates." Community Literacy Journal 8, no. 2 (2014): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/clj.2014.0001.

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Clark, Ian D., and Eva McRae-Williams. "Tourist Visitation to Ebenezer Aboriginal Mission Station, Victoria, Australia, 1859–1904: A Case Study." Tourism Culture & Communication 13, no. 2 (March 1, 2013): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/109830413x13848886455272.

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Hakiwai, Arapata, and Paul Diamond. "Plenary: The legacy of museum ethnography for indigenous people today - case studies from Aotearoa/New Zealand." Museum and Society 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/mas.v13i1.320.

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The following plenary took place at the seminar ‘Reassembling the material: A research seminar on museums, fieldwork anthropology and indigenous agency’ held in November 2012 at Te Herenga Waka marae, Victoria University of Wellington, Aotearoa New Zealand. In the papers, indigenous scholars and museum professionals presented a mix of past legacies and contemporary initiatives which illustrated the evolving relations between Māori people, and museums and other cultural heritage institutions in New Zealand. Whereas most of the papers at this seminar, and the articles in this special issue, are focused on the history of ethnology, museums, and government, between about 1900 and 1940, this section brings the analysis up to the present day, and considers the legacy of the indigenous engagement with museums and fieldwork anthropology for contemporary museum practice. What do the findings, which show active and extensive indigenous engagements with museums and fieldwork, mean for indigenous museum professionals and communities today?

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Watson, Lyndsey F., Jo-Anne Rayner, and Judith M. Lumley. "Hospital ethics approval for a population-based case–control study of very preterm birth." Australian Health Review 31, no. 4 (2007): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah070514.

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Aim: To describe the process involved in obtaining ethics approval for a study aiming to recruit women from all maternity hospitals in Victoria, Australia. Design: Observational data of the application process involving 85 hospitals throughout Victoria in 2001. Results: Twenty-three of the 85 hospitals had a Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) constituted in accordance with the National Health and Medical Council requirements; 27 agreed to accept decisions from other hospitals having HRECs and 27 relied on ethics advisory committees, hospital managers, clinical staff, quality assurance committees or lawyers for ethics decisions. Four of the latter did not approve the study. Eight hospitals no longer provided maternity services in the recruitment period. The process took 16 months, 26 000 sheets of paper, 258 copies of the application and the cost was about $30 000. Approval was eventually obtained for recruitment at 73 hospitals. Discussion: Difficulties exist in obtaining timely ethics approval for multicentre studies due to a complex uncoordinated system. All hospitals should have explicit protocols for dealing with research ethics applications so that they can be processed in a straightforward and timely manner. To facilitate this, those without properly constituted HRECs should be affiliated with one hospital that has an HREC.

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A. McAlpine, C., D. B. Lindenmayer, T. J. Eyre, and S. R. Phinn. "Landscape surrogates of forest fragmentation: Synthesis of Australian Montreal Process case studies." Pacific Conservation Biology 8, no. 2 (2002): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc020108.

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Habitat loss and fragmentation are key biodiversity indicators of the Montreal Protocol for monitoring progress towards ecologically sustainable forest management. Over the last 15 years, an array of landscape metrics have been developed as spatial measures of habitat loss and fragmentation. However, most metrics require rigorous empirical testing if they are to provide scientifically credible information to managers and policy makers. We present a synthesis of three Australian case studies for developing Montreal Indicator 1.1e, fragmentation of forest type, each representing different levels of landscape modification: St Mary State Forest, south-east Queensland; Tumut, southern New South Wales; and the Central Highlands, Victoria. Collectively, the studies found that no single landscape metric captured the response of the target species and fauna assemblages, or served as a reliable ecological surrogate for the conservation of a large set of species. Rather, species demonstrated a diversity of responses to habitat loss and fragmentation. Fragmentation effects were more important for the Tumut study, but not important for the Central Highlands study. Stand-scale habitat variables and area of suitable habitat were dominant explanatory variables for the St Mary study. Differences in observed response are partly explained by: (i) differences in landscape structure, particularly the proportion of preferred forest habitat remaining; (ii) differences in the ecology of target species; and (iii) the insensitivity of the landscape measures. Based on the outcomes of the three case studies, we propose principles for developing landscape surrogates for conserving biodiversity in Australia's eucalypt forest landscapes.

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Dougherty, John W., and David Baron. "Substance Use and Addiction in Athletes: The Case for Neuromodulation and Beyond." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (December 1, 2022): 16082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316082.

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Substance use, misuse and use disorders continue to be major problems in society as a whole and athletes are certainly not exempt. Substance use has surrounded sports since ancient times and the pressures associated with competition sometimes can increase the likelihood of use and subsequent misuse. The addiction field as a whole has very few answers to how to prevent and secondarily treat substance use disorders and the treatments overall do not necessarily agree with the role of being an athlete. With concerns for side effects that may affect performance coupled with organizational rules and high rates of recidivism in the general population, newer treatments must be investigated. Prevention strategies must continue to be improved and more systems need to be in place to find and treat any underlying causes leading to these behaviors. This review attempts to highlight some of the data regarding the field of substance misuse and addiction in the athletic population as well as explore possible future directions for treatment including Neuromodulation methods and Ketamine. There is a need for more rigorous, high-quality studies to look at addiction as a whole and in particular how to approach this vulnerable subset of the population.

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Armstrong, Patricia, Brian Sharpley, and Stephen Malcolm. "The Waste Wise Schools Program: Evidence of Educational, Environmental, Social and Economic Outcomes at the School and Community Level." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 20, no. 2 (2004): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600002159.

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AbstractThe Waste Wise Schools Program was established by EcoRecycle Victoria to implement waste and litter education in Victorian schools. It is now operating in over 900 schools in Victoria and 300 schools in other Australian states / territories. This paper provides detailed case studies of two active schools in the Waste Wise Schools Program and considers for each school how the Program started, what it meant to the school, the environmental, educational, social and economic outcomes of the Program and the key success factors. It discusses evidence that the Program has changed the thinking and behaviour of many families at the schools, suggesting that the children may be acting as catalysts to influence their parent's waste wise behaviour, i.e. having an intergenerational influence. Guidelines for promoting this influence are proposed.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Recidivism Victoria Case studies'

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