Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Recherche par la pratique'
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Georget, Jean-Philippe. "Activités de recherche et de preuve entre pairs à l'école élémentaire : perspectives ouvertes par les communautés de pratique d'enseignants." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00426603.
Full textGaujal, Sophie. "Une géographie à l'école par la pratique artistique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC255/document.
Full text: Inter-, pluri-, multi-, trans-: these many prefixes all denote how keen today's school is on making knowledge and skills circulate within a framework traditionally renowned for its segmentation. Starting from an epistomological study of the fruitful interaction between spontaneous geography and reasoned geography, this thesis offers to define and develop tools to implement it within the geography class. This research work's hypothesis is that this interaction can be positively impacted by artistic practice. To verify it, I designed and tested three tools, in an apporach that was altogether a teacher's, a trainer's and a researcher's : a photography contest, a "sensitive postcard" cartography contest, and a performance
Guigue-Durning, Michèle. "Un mémoire pour quoi faire? : pratiques cognitives, écriture et formation par la recherche." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100006.
Full textWhat are the cognitive processes involved when social workers are requested to write a thesis on their daily work during a training with an action research methodology ? We study 24 thesis from two different French trainings of social workers. Several different topics are addressed: how cotations either from academic texts or from daily data are taken into account by the authors of each thesis? What cognitive operations (J. Piaget, M. Bakhtine) may be identified and how are the ideas connected and organized (H. Wallon, G. Vignaux) ? These different approaches which combine specific analyses of pieces and abroad approach of thesis show structures thinking and writing strategies, especially binary organization and cautiousness
Morin, Karine. "Le processus de conscience réflexive dans la pratique de psychothérapie d'une doctorante en psychologie." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/7540.
Full textCaillaud, Johann. "Le standard pratiqué : une nouvelle voie de standardisation des processus métier ouverte par une recherche-action." Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090040/document.
Full textBusiness processes undergo standardization. This standardization is achieved through domination, confrontation and incorporation, means that have their origins in methods like Taylorism, reengineering or the implementation of tools such as ERP systems. Prescription and standardization of business processes, however, create problems for organizations, at the strategic, functional and operating levels. Our research attempts to uncover on one hand novel ways of standardizing processes and on the other the conditions facilitating the emergence of these new ways.Convinced that change cannot be defined any more as the imposition of an a priori model or a promulgated standard, we investigate how work practices may contribute to the creation of standards, and result in “practiced” standards. To find solutions to the problems met with current ways of standardizing, we propose a model, which places practice at the heart of a spiral of creation of organizational knowledge. Through an action research project, we analyze the effects of the implementation of this model in two different settings, namely a public banking institute and a conglomerate of national press, requiring different conditions for change.Our findings, which differ considerably from one case to the other, highlight how the “practiced” standard emerges as a novel way of standardizing. First, we notice that the “practiced” standard feeds on the promulgated standard to anchor business processes in the whole organization. Second, the emergence and the development of the “practiced” standard bring to light specific processes that operate in the organization, namely a process of sensemaking, the support of a structure of power parallel to the official one, and a process of organizational innovation
Orthous, Michelle. "Sujets et objets de recherche en éducation des adultes : Retour sur des chantiers de recherche ouverts par des formateurs d'adultes en formation." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR1PS06.
Full textThere is, in the choice of any research object, an estimation by the subject of whom he is, what he knows and what it is worth, which is analogical to what is permanently activated by adults in their life-long learning individual process. Such is the thesis of this work that examines the introductions and conclusions of the dissertations of four adult trainers, adult trainees themselves who write about training as they attend a university program for training organisation managers. This corpus makes it possible to embrace the two main objects that split the field of adult education, i. E. , on the one hand, the matter of education systems at large and on the other hand, the development process of individuals. The first part is a survey of four researches which are compared in terms of issues (personal history and its relationship to knowledge at adult age, adult trainers and their representations of training, research objects in the field of adult education, learning through writing) as well as methodologies (interview, quantitative inquiry, survey of research objects related to training, comparative study of two series of dissertations) to the approach adopted here and presented in the second part. The third part exposes the collective content analysis that ends up in the modelization of the writers' discourse echoing in the contemporary literature of the early 9Oies. The writers have employed, for their value in the conversion between praxis and theory, notions that they place, and that place them, at a non-indifferent position within the landscape of adult continuing education. The fourth part endeavours to show what is at stake, for each writer, in a text as singular as determined by the social position - subjectively, objectively - occupied before and after the writing process. The fifth part questions how the dimensions of learning at adult age - praxeology, axiology, autobiography, heuristics - explored by the writers are taken into account nowadays
Covez, Corinne. "Pratique artistique : un rapport à soi, aux autres et au monde : l'éducation par le cirque, l'école du vivre." Thesis, Lille 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL30054/document.
Full textDoing an artistic activity is not easy. Nevertheless, to day in France, the scholar system creates workshops to invite the youth to get on track. The contemporary circus arts develop an aes/ethics and a practice based on unbalance and risk, that makes it particular. This study aims to discover up an action-Research thanks to a circus intervention to students in a professional high school in Northern France. This device, belonging to an Interreg Project and experimented during two intercultural French/English workshops, allowed to question the bodily, psychological, social, psychic and affective issues of a practicing third French group. The sensitive ethnographic approach highlighted their suffering life and their link to the school, enlightening, by contrast, the educative role of the circus practice within the relationship to “living”
Foropon, Cyril. "Les managers et la démarche de certification qualité QS-9000 : Recherche empirique sur les pratiques et essai de conceptualisation." Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHEC0005.
Full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to contribute to the study of the quality certification process. The literature review indicates that a quality certification process aims to make production processes more reliable in order to satisfy external cutomers. To do so, managers are invited to apply the following three principles: customer focus, system approach, and continuous improvement. Differences between expected and observed practices were identified during an empirical research within a worldwide automotive supplier. This dissertation proposes an interpretation of the differences based on the metaphors framework developped by Morgan (2002). The organic way of thinking of experts, the political way of thinking of managers, and the mechanical way of thinking from the other stakeholders (Plant management, external customers, internal auditors, external auditors,. . . ) are successively highlighted
Charton, Hervé. "L'improvisation théâtrale "libre" : genèse, histoire et pratique d'un concept rare. Du Théâtre-Création (Lausanne, 1968-1975) à aujourd'hui. Étude appuyée par un laboratoire de recherche-action." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030158.
Full textWe want to think of free-improvisation in theater in a continuity with traditional theatre. Theatrical improvisation has indeed grown over the last forty years as a separate field, with its ownrules and history. By dedicating ourselves to free-improvisation, we concentrate on an improvisation that does not involve a preconceived overall structure, or formal or stylistic rules, which leaves improvisers with the responsibility to decide them on the spot. Whereas common in music and dance, free-improvisation is rare or occasional in theatre. It is approached through the notion of actor-creator, as it was defined by Alain Knapp and the Théâtre-Création. This group (Lausanne,1968-1975 ) was one of the first in Europe to perform improvised plays on themes proposed by the audience. Drawing a lot from Brecht, Alain Knapp’s actor-creator has a creative autonomy and pay great detail to the way his artistic acts are inscribed in a given background and history.This distinguishes him from contemporary improvisers. Back to the present, we renew the notion of actor-creator through performativity. A set of experiments and a laboratory focused on Mary Overlie’s Viewpoints allow us to develop a practical approach to improvisation as a study of a context through a repertoire. Finally, having explained which idea of liberty is at work in free-improvisationand how to recognize it, we describe a continuum that connects it to set performances
Cattin, François. "Analyse de la pratique d'un formateur en développement dans le cadre du processus de mûrissement de l'acteur par l'entraînement intensif du corps et de la voix." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22117.
Full textFlamand, Guillaume. "Former à l'organisation par l'art pour un retour vers un fondement pratique : une analyse critique de l'usage de l'art dans la Management Education." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED056/document.
Full textArt has been put forward in response to the critiques of Management Education whose activities have become quite academized and where scientifically inspired approaches dominate. In my thesis, I note the homogeneity of the specialized literature which is quite focused on what the “romantic” characteristics of art can bring – art is there taken as the theoretical opposite of management. With a critical perspective, my thesis builds on a longitudinal, qualitative, inductive study of a single case to try to determine if art, used as a teaching method, creates distance with what locally dominates. The analysis indicates it is an experience of a hybrid practice, between art and management, which can resonate with the pillars of Management Education. Art entails less academism, but one remains in the domain of an organized activity that can be compatible with the current managerial values. It brings an experience of the practical, not only the romantic characteristics. It can have an effect on the means more than on the ends, so as to offer a return to a practical foundation which has been the source of Management Education before its progressive academization
Mihorto, Pierre-Claver Durand-Delvigne Annick. "Approche psychosociale des pratiques traditionnelles de guérison des envoûtés ou des possédés par les thérapeutes traditionnels étude des représentations sociales de Français et de Gabonais /." Lille : A.N.R.T, 2006. http://documents.univ-lille3.fr/files/pub/www/recherche/theses/MIHORTO_PIERRE.pdf.
Full textSalembier, Chloé. "Stimuler la conception distribuée de systèmes agroécologiques par l’étude de pratiques innovantes d’agriculteurs." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLA009/document.
Full textToday, in an increasing number of initiatives in the R&D agricultural sector, we want to learn from farmer’s innovative practices to foster change in agriculture toward agroecology. These initiatives, still poorly known, emerge in a context where agronomists explore new ways to produce knowledge to face current issues and answer new questions such as : while designing agroecological farming systems, how to deal with natural regulations, partly unknown and poorly predictable? What kind of models of agroecosystems allow to imagine chemical-free cropping systems? Or, what knowledge should we produce to design technical options adapted to every farmer’s expectations? … In this thesis, we assume that studying farmer’s innovative practices would be one way, taken by certain actors, to explore innovative farming systems today. More precisely, we explore how and in which conditions the study of farmer’s innovative practices could foster the design of agricultural systems.First, by exploring the history of agronomy, we show that since the foundation of the discipline, in the 18th century, agronomists draw inspiration from farmer’s practices; then, with the evolution of the discipline, the study of farmer’s practices marginalised. Today, new ways to study farmer’s practices emerge, in relation with contemporaneous challenges and we then propose to focus on ways to study ‘farmer’s innovative practices’. Through the analysis of a panorama of 14 initiatives from the agricultural R&D sector we show that it exists various ways to study farmer’s innovative practices, and we propose to organize this diversity. First, we shed light on what people get from the study of innovative practices depending on their own situation (to federate a designer’s community, to renew agronomic models, to get knowledge on unknown technical systems…). We then shed light on common traits in agronomist’s reasoning underlying the study of farmer’s innovative practices (ex. They all spot innovative practices formulating desirable unknown), and we show variants in ways to analyse them (ex. various systemic analysis). We finally show that studying innovative practices allows to enrich collective design dynamics: by fostering the emergence of new technical systems on farm, and by contributing to the emergence of original prescriptions aiming to support the design on farm of innovative systems (contextualised testimonies, generic action logics…)These initiatives illustrate the emergence of original forms of contributions, in agronomy, in a distributed design organisation, spread in territories. This thesis contribute to the understanding of what’s studying farmer’s innovative practices in relation to a design activity, and it gets to the formulation of reflexive keys to study farmer’s practices while designing in agronomy
Anichini, Giulia. "L’ imagerie par résonance magnétique dans la recherche fondamentale en neurosciences : ethnographie des pratiques de cartographie du cerveau à l'ère du numérique." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0669.
Full textThis thesis focuses on cartographic practices of a particular brain imaging technique: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Through an ethnographic study conducted in two sites, a fMRI shared platform and a neuroscience research organization, I studied all steps of the research process - from experimental design to the publication of results - and analyzed how images are engaged in the production of knowledge on the brain. The study of the brain morphology, which mobilizes increasingly more databases and software designed for the processing of a large number of images, poses new constraints specific to a data-driven science. I use the notion of "bricolage" to explain certain practices engaged in the production of results. This phenomenon meets productivity imperatives but it also reflects tension between two normative frameworks: the experimental method and exploration of Big Data. Part of my research is devoted to social neuroscience (the field to which some of my informants belong) and the location of functions that compose the "social brain" (Dunbar, 1998). The biological anchoring of certain mental provisionsthrough data from funzctional neuroimaging provides a legitimation of existing social order. "Moral emotions" in particular play the role of biomakers in the ceavage between the "normal" and "pathological" brain but they also participate in the construction of the "sexualized" brain
Robberecht, Lieven. "Développement d’un simulateur canalaire endodontique pour des applications pédagogiques et de recherche." Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL2S073.
Full textEndodontic therapy is often complicated and technically demanding. The “in vitro model” to simulate natural human teeth is highly needed for teaching and training dental students in pre-clinics or dental surgeons in continuing dental education courses. Moreover, remarkable development and research of endodontic technology also requires good model for in vitro performance evaluation prior to use on patients. Different practice models, including extracted human teeth, animal teeth or simulated root canals in epoxy resin blocks, etc., cannot satisfy the specific requirements. The objective of this thesis is to develop a process of fabricating a biomimetic dental root canal model (RCM) with a composition, microstructure and anatomy close to a natural tooth root. In order to overcome the limitations of existing RCMs, a ceramic root canal model (C-RCM) was developed, based on microporous hydroxyapatite (HAp), shaped by the casting method, with internal pulp cavity moulded by stereolithographic technique and finished by resin impregnation (to improve the tactile sensation during endodontic instrumentation). Many properties of this SC were shown comparable to the natural dental root: the same mineral component (HAp), porosity of 0-30%, the pore size of 0.8-5 µm, the good hardness (65-500 HV), the potential of customization of variable canal morphology, the suitable radio-opacity, etc. The pilot study on the evaluation of the application of this C-RCM by dental students was carried out and confirmed that better radiological behaviour for C-RCM than commercial resin RCM. This canal simulator poses no risk of infection, available in large numbers, allowing the objective assessment through its uniformity, therefore, well suits the endodontic practices and presents promising potential for training student or research on new endodontic technology
Beaudoin, Sylvie. "S'approprier des pratiques visant la responsabilisation par l'actualisation d'un processus d'autosupervision une recherche-action en éducation physique et à la santé au primaire." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/954.
Full textBilodeau, Karine. "Pratiques d'accompagnement et de supervision pédagogique du personnel enseignant par des directions d’établissement scolaire : une analyse de besoins pour une recherche-action-formation." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26610.
Full textHow do school principals handle instructional supervision of the teachers? The purpose of this study is to create a picture of school principals’ practices concerning the instructional supervision of their teachers. This study will allow researchers to assess the principal’s needs prior to a research-action-training. In order to achieve this goal, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 principals (N=19) working for the Découvreurs School Board in Quebec City. These participants consisted of 9 males (N=9) and 10 females (N=10) of various ages and seniority degrees, and were leaders of primary and secondary schools, as well as adult learning centers This study was realised using the thematic analysis method as described by Paillé and Mucchielli (2012). In order to illustrate the main themes discovered, a thematic tree was created and is presented. Five main themes emerged from the analysis: (1) there is an explosion and a large variety of different instructional supervision models found in schools, (2) principals rely on political structures found within the school system to facilitate and justify their instructional supervision actions, (3) principals expressed their need for a supervision standard, a guide or a method to support their practice, for support from instructional supervision professionals, for a system allowing principals to exchange and share about their practice and for a guide to support them in dealing with non-compliant teachers, and (4) comments and self-reflections linked to their instructional supervision of teachers actions, (5) the school structure and (6) collaboration within the school. Keywords: School principals, instructional supervision of teachers, collaboration, teacher resistance.
¿Cómo los directores escolares manejan el proceso de supervisión de los profesores? El objetivo de este estudio es de proporcionar una visión global de cómo los directores de Quebec viven y realizan la supervisión pedagógica dentro su escuela. Para responder a esta pregunta, se realizaron entrevistas con miembros del equipo administrativo de la Comisión Escolar de Découvreurs (N = 19). Los directores entrevistados, fueron hombres y mujeres de diferentes edades y niveles de experiencia, así mismo, fueron líderes de escuelas primarias, secundarias y centros de formación para adultos. Con el fin de ofrecer una teoría para entender profundamente este fenómeno y proveer una explicación de la manera que los directores están viviendo el proceso de supervisión pedagógica, el enfoque se realizó de manera de análisis temático como descrito por Paillé y Mucchielli (2012). Con el fin de ilustrar los principales temas descubiertos, un árbol temático fue creado y es presentado. Cinco temas principales surgieron del análisis: (1) hay una explosión y una gran variedad de diferentes modelos de supervisión de instrucción encontrados en las escuelas, (2) los directores confían en las estructuras políticas que se encuentran dentro del sistema escolar para facilitar y justificar sus acciones de supervisión y de instrucción, (3) los directores expresaron la necesidad de una norma de supervisión, una guía o un método para apoyar su práctica, la necesidad del apoyo de los profesionales de la supervisión de instrucción, por un sistema que permita a los directores de intercambiar y compartir acerca de su práctica y de una guía para apoyarlos en el trato con los maestros que no comforman, y (4) comentarios y autoreflexiones vinculadas a la supervisión de instrucción de las acciones de los profesores, (5) la estructura de la escuela y (6) la colaboración dentro de la escuela. Palabras clave: Directores escolares, supervisión pedagógica de los profesores, cooperación, la resistencia de profesores.
Charest, Émilie. "Adoption et mise en œuvre d'un programme éprouvé de soutien à la parentalité par des intervenants sociaux et éducatifs." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36234.
Full textThis thesis aimed at assessing service providers’ initial stance toward the implementation of a multi-level/multimodality evidence-based program (EBP). It also aimed at examining the association between initial stance and subsequent program use during the first two years of active implementation. To do so, the thesis examined the implementation of the EBP Triple P – Positive Parenting Program (Sanders, Cann, & Markie-Dadds, 2003) in the province of Quebec, Canada. In the first part of the thesis, profiles of providers were identified based on their pre-implementation attitudes toward EBPs, self-efficacy in conducting behavioral family interventions with parents, perception of their perception of their training needs related to working with parents, perception of the adequacy of their organization’s offices and physical space available to support the implementation of Triple P, and perception of the facilitators and barriers to its implementation (characteristics of the agency, staff and team leader). A latent profile analysis was conducted, and a two-profile solution was chosen as the best representation of the data. The two profiles differed mainly by the level of optimism or skepticism toward the implementation of Triple P. The associations between the profiles and three retrospective self-reported measures of program use (whether or not the provider used Triple P at least once during the 2-year period following their initial training) and amount of program use (number of families reached during the 2-year period, and number of sessions conducted during the last six months) were examined. Program use and amount of program use did not differ between the two profiles, suggesting that agencies willing to implement a new program should not held back from involving more skeptical providers into the implementation efforts. In the second part of the thesis, the indicators of initial stance, as well as sociodemographic characteristics were used to predict program use and amount of program use. Amount of program use was assessed using three self-reported prospective indicators (number of parent reached, number of activities conducted, and total duration of Triple P interventions conducted during the two-year period following initial training). An exploratory factorial analysis confirmed the adequacy of integrating these three measures within a multidimensional usage index. Regression analyses showed the influence of individual and contextual factors on the usage of an EBP. The thesis highlighted that, when implementing a new EBP, what matters is not to target only optimistic providers to receive training, but rather provide all providers with adequate support in order to reduce organizational barriers to implementation. It also underlined the importance of studying many indicators of usage in implementation research.
Amblard, Denis. "Le référentiel personnel de l'agir professionnel, un instrument de la professionnalisation de formateurs d'un dispositif de formation par alternance ?" Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL12014/document.
Full textThe focus of the research is the professionalization of trainers for alternance schemes. The hypothesis is that the construction and utilization of a Personal Professional Action Framework (PPAF) serves to professionalize the trainers. They use the PPAF to act and/or comprehend on/beyond/by doing, thereby giving the action meaning.We begin with an overview of the two schemes studied in this context: the alternance training scheme of the Maisons Familiales Rurales (rural vocational training centres) and the trainer-training schemes of these centres. We then present conceptual tools. Once the PPAF has been built and tested, it is reviewed as a tool for reflective activity and as an instrument in the personal repertory of the trainers. In our methodology of action research, the PPAF appears as a boundary object. The object is introduced into the professionalization scheme in order to study its influence on one of the scheme’s properties: reflexivity. To do this, “novice” trainers participated in self-confrontation interviews aimed at comprehending the ways in which they utilize (inside and outside of pedagogical action) their personal framework and to assess the effects on their professional action. A similar protocol helps to show to what extent and how “experienced” trainers continue to utilize a PPAF.Once the object has been “created”, the research treats the PPAF as an artefact. The results show that its utilization stems from a reflexive process guided by models of action. These models employ pragmatic concepts which contribute to transforming theory into practice and to establishing knowledge of action. The PPAF plays the role of a mediation tool for learning and/or reinforcing professional knowledge and actions. A summary proposes experimental approaches to building and employing the PPAF, along with new avenues for research
Goralczyk-Cenni, Frédérique. "Apports de l'approche clinique et des incursions théoriques dans l'analyse des pratiques professionnelles visant l'émancipation du sujet : l'exemple d'une recherche action auprès d'éducateurs spécialisés en formation." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0486/document.
Full textSpecialized education has to face the difficulty linked to the articulation of contradictory forms of logics. This complexity as well as the uneasiness related to the subjective implication inherent to the profession of educator cause suffering, which leads to an attitude of omnipotence. The emancipating dimension of the educating relationship is neutralized because of phenomens of stigmatisation and alienation. Those difficulties can be distinguished through the devices of analysis of practices, by solving issues, going beyond the obstacles to the process of problematization and beyond the complexity related to the articulation between theory and practice. Adressing those issues aims at exploring the impact of the use of theoretical incursions and of the PAC (problematization through the coordination of contradictory notions) with the help of the APP device, which will be used by the participant in order to adopt a clinical attitude. This work is accomplished within a theoretical framework articulating the evaluating, problematizing and emancipating parts. The clinical method aims at making them intelligible. The analysis of interviews strengthens our hypothesis: using the theoretical incursions and the PAC method is positive in order to problematize and emancipate the patients, as well in terms of professional as personal development. A ripple effect has been observed. The results show how important is the process of identification to the attitude of the clinician, representing thus a way to stage the articulation of contradictory notions as well as the personification of knowledge, and a reorganization of our relationship to knowledge
Vicerial, Jeanne. "Clinique vestimentaire : pour un nouveau paradigme de la création & réalisation vestimentaire sur-mesure." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLET070.
Full textToday, we are familiar with two techniques of creation and clothing design: tailor-made and ready-to-wear. These are usually considered as opposites. If we compare the two models of clothing design, we come to the conclusion that: with ready-to-wear, the individual must belong to a size and adapt to it, whereas in custom-made clothing, the object is adapted to the person. This research aims to study these different approaches in order to converge them towards new systems of creation and production of clothing that take the form of a new paradigm: “ready-to-measure”. In ready-to-wear design, clothing can be considered as a consumable product, whereas with custom-made clothing, it acquires a special status because of its relationship with the hand of the person who designed/manufactured it. “Ready-to-measure” seeks this status of clothing object in connection with the body of the one who wears it. With the paradigm of the ready-to-measure, the advantages of both approaches are reconciled: the speed of obtaining ready-to-wear garments and the unique and specific character of tailor-made clothing. I work with a research by practice approach and research by design approach. Action research claims results related to practice, in this case the crafting of clothing, but also research results, which are discussed and positioned in disciplinary fields, specifying certain zones of ignorance, often at the boundaries of each of the scientific disciplines that identify our subject of creation/ conception and clothing production. The fashion system culminating in Fast Fashion defines the context in which this research was carried out and from which three main forms of experimentation are deployed: “Tricotissage” (knitting-weaving), Connected accessories such as EEGs and Clothing collections “Lignes noires”. Thus qualified research “through practice” includes the ready-to-measure creation and production project and its share of actions and results, such as the “knitting-weaving table” (a real creative tool and production machine), know-how and expertise, from which questions are born that lead in their studies to new interdisciplinary knowledge that makes old practices and those we have proposed in the new ready-to-measure paradigm understandable
Pain, Jacques. "Pratique de l'institutionnel, recherche-intervention, recherche-formation dans le champ educatif." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100033.
Full textPedagogy and sciences of education have concentred with time knowledges, methods and techniques which are still today little or unknown, in a time when the education system's crisis is no more questionned. Starting from institutional pedagogy, being transposed, and from sciences of education, we offer a practice of research-intervention and research-a formation we have called the practice of institutional, a theorised practice of the education system. It articulates intitutional pedagogy, intervention, research, formation into well discriminated filed dispositives. There from results in particular, formations by action research, and researches on formation. They seem to be building the generalist's profile of today's educative system's professional, without questionning the specificity of such professions as educator or teacher. The thesis is as follows : an interventional pedagogy that would be a practice of formation and a practice of research up to the problems of the educational system is already possible and decidable. This practice of the institutional exists, and it has, in a certain way, begun to prove itself. The present work is a testimony of it
Picard, Julie. "Compter mes jours : recherche explorant l'espace entre ma pratique artistique et ma pratique comptable." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29477.
Full textMongereau, Marine. "The decisive role of cognition in developing performing adaptive global leaders : an analysis of top executives' international assignments." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3079/document.
Full textToday’s global economy represents a volatile, complex, uncertain and ambiguous environment for firms to sustain a profitable international growth. Organizations must continuously develop a portfolio of leaders ready to push forward growth strategies. Despite this challenge, corporations often fail to offer the right learning organizational framework to their top executives proposing too often standardized models. Many firms are acknowledging the urgent need to transform their learning organizations, strategies and to rethink how to learn to lead. Our research is aiming to develop a deep understanding of how global executives are developing, adjusting competencies to the unpredictable needs initiated by their different expatriations. The methodology used is highly inductive and interpretivist. The qualitative sample is composed of 25 top executives, expatriated in MNC’s subsidiaries, men and women. This sample is complemented by the transversal follow up of one top executive, expatriated, for over a period of 2, 5 years. The research objectives are to generate subjective knowledge grounded in the way global executives experience their development during expatriation, translated into a model “à la Gioia” and to provide guidelines for practitioners. We found out that the concept of cognition and self was decisive for an effective development process abroad, this combined with an ongoing willingness and ability to learn, leading to the generation of a sort of “know how” (practical intelligence). We conclude giving two recommendations to corporations; one on the role of HR corporate in charge, advising four key behaviours to improve efficiency: the SCSC’s (Strategic, Credible, Supportive, Considerate) and the second on the top executives follow-up, more precisely we recommend the creation of an expat ID profile; “the expat ID” that will help enhance the global talent management of such an individual
Rousseau, Jean-Yves. "Le chrétien au Québec, à la recherche d'une pratique politique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq26039.pdf.
Full textTanant, Myriam. ""La prova infinita" : Giorgio Strehler entre pratique et recherche théâtrale." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030099.
Full textGiorgio Strehler, who founded Milan's Piccolo Teatro with Paolo Grassi, was one of the greatest stage directors of the second half of the 20th century. Upon his death in 1997, Patrice Chéreau stated : “He was the master I had chosen. For me he was theater, the one who thought theater had a responsibility in the world and in society. He taught me everything I know : theatrical space, the workings of meaning, the telling of a story through the poetics of theatre, the allying of levity and gravity. ” This statement brings forth both the importance of Strehler's work and its specificity. Our research focuses on his work as a stage director within the two areas of theater and opera, a two-sided approach which allowed him to weave a web between Goldoni, Mozart, Shakespeare, Verdi, Brecht and Chekhov. In the first section of the thesis, we emphasize how his research attempted to reclaim a lost tradition (through Arlecchino, Servant of Two Masters) and to restore Goldoni's status as a European author. (Together with Luchino Visconti, Strehler carried on the Goldonian tradition of dramatic art. ). Secondly, this dissertation explores Strehler's operatic oeuvre, which, to our knowledge, has not yet been studied in its entirety. We have highlighed how the stage director's work is based upon a development of the musical score in an effort to provide the singers with a stage work which is inseparable from the music. His operatic oeuvre was undoubtedly behind new approaches to producing Mozart and Verdi, just as his theatrical work ushered in a new vision of Goldoni
Moreton, Myriam. "Du détail à l'ornement : recherche à parie d'une pratique picturale." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010650.
Full textThis thesis is an attempt at defining the concepts of detail and ornament derived from my personal experiment in the pictural craft. Painting came first and text accessorly sets forth the operative elements. Details and ornament in painting are the elements of the picture the most disputed by modernity : the theorical effort of the renaissance in aesthetics had at once pointed them out as typical of mercantil craftmanshift. On the other hand, detail and ornament appear both as pseudo-signes, sort of "talkative" representatives of the langage and of meaning in picture. However, it is necessary to gaze at the detailed painting and at the ornamental line with an "abstract" eye; one need to loose oneself in the details to better seize the pictures : from this moment, it is no longer mimicry which contradicts the abstraction and the ornamental vision of painting but the relation with meaning
Pecchioli, Jean-Laurent. "La circulation du savoir juridique : recherche épistémologique pratique et théorique." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX32059.
Full textBomengola-Ilomba, Jean-Marie Tétu Jean-François. "L'évangélisation par les médias recherches sur une problématique et des pratiques de l'Eglise catholique /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2008. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2008/bomengola-ilomba_jm.
Full textGhyoot, Michaël. "Le concepteur et les matériaux de construction: éléments de réflexion pour une reconfiguration des circuits de l'économie matérielle par les pratiques architecturales contemporaines." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209238.
Full textCe travail s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une réflexion sur les pratiques de l'aménagement de l'espace bâti. Au cours de son trajet entre son site de production et celui de sa mise en œuvre (c'est-à-dire le chantier de construction) – et même au-delà, lorsqu'une transformation libère des éléments constructifs – un matériau passe par de nombreuses étapes. Parmi toutes celles-ci, le passage par le moment de la conception est un élément central de cette recherche (même si d'autres étapes seront également explorées au fil de pages de ce travail). Quels rôles les concepteurs jouent-ils au sein de ces vastes assemblages d'acteurs et de dispositifs qui se déploient le long des trajectoires des matériaux de construction ? Comment les concepteurs sont-ils affectés par ces assemblages et comment peuvent-ils les affecter en retour ?
Répondre à ces questions engage une exploration des principales trajectoires des matériaux de construction et un examen attentif des dispositifs dont ils sont munis au fil de ce processus. C'est ce à quoi s'attache la première partie de cette recherche, dont la portée est plutôt descriptive. Mais elle ne s'arrête pas à ce stade. Elle comporte également une seconde partie, plus prospective et critique. Cette recherche propose en effet d'explorer certaines pistes de reconfiguration au sein de ces assemblages. Elle examine plusieurs questions touchant aux limites des circuits de l'économie matérielle : par quelles modifications faudrait-il en passer pour que des matériaux actuellement exclus des circuits les plus courants de l'économie matérielle puissent malgré tout y circuler ? D'autres arrière-plans axiologiques pourraient-ils être mis en jeu dans les circuits de l'économie matérielle ?
La présente recherche repose sur l'hypothèse que les concepteurs peuvent effectivement contribuer à la transformation progressive des circuits de l'économie matérielle. Ils ont vraisemblablement un rôle à jouer dans la possibilité d'ouvrir ces circuits à de nouveaux matériaux, et de contribuer ainsi à établir des pratiques plus à même de répondre aux enjeux écologiques et politiques auxquels sont confrontés notre planète et ses habitants. Bien sûr, les concepteurs n'ont pas l'exclusivité de tels changements. D'autres acteurs peuvent, et même doivent, participer à de tels efforts. Ce sont pourtant principalement les concepteurs qui retiendront l'attention de cette recherche. Il s'agit dans ce cadre d'explorer les conditions d'un tel changement, et ce tant d'un point de vue méthodologique que d'un point de vue pratique.
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This research investigates the relation between construction materials and architects. It examines the circuits along which the materials circulates and it studies the devices that are embedded in the materials in order to render this circulation feasible. It looks into the roles that are played, and those that could be played, by the designers within these circuits and in regard with these devices.
This work is part of a reflection on the practices of designing and constructing the built environment. During its journey between its production site and that of its implementation (i.e. the construction site) – and even beyond, when a transformation frees again constructive elements – a construction material travels through many steps. Among all these, the passage through the design process is a key element. What role do the designers perform within these networks of actors and devices? How are they affected by these assemblages and how can they affect them in return?
Answering these questions undertakes an exploration of the main trajectories of construction materials and of the devices that are embedded throughout these processes. This is the topic of the first part of the research. At this point, the scope is mainly descriptive. But the research goes further: it also involves a more critical and prospective dimension. It proposes indeed to discuss several possible reconfigurations within these assemblages. What would be necessary in order to include new materials that are currently excluded from the main circuits of material economy? Could other axiological backgrounds be represented within these circuits?
This research is based on the assumption that designers can effectively contribute to the gradual transformation of the circuits of material economy. They can probably help alternative materials to circulate in more standard circuits, and thus help to establish new practices that are more likely to respond to environmental and social issues. Of course, the designers do not have a monopoly on such changes. Other actors may, and even must, participate in such efforts. Yet, the main focus of this research is the designer. It explores the conditions of such a change, both from a methodological and practical perspective.
Doctorat en Art de bâtir et urbanisme
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Sibertin-Blanc, Guillaume Macherey Pierre. "Politique et clinique recherche sur la philosophie pratique de Gilles Deleuze /." Lille : A.N.R.T, 2006. http://documents.univ-lille3.fr/files/pub/www/recherche/theses/SIBERTIN_BLANC_GUILLAUME.pdf.
Full textSibertin-Blanc, Guillaume. "Politique et clinique : recherche sur la philosophie pratique de Gilles Deleuze." Lille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL30027.
Full textLawton, Marc. "A la recherche du geste unique : pratique et théorie chez Alwin Nikolaïs." Phd thesis, Université Charles de Gaulle - Lille III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00881517.
Full textGuyomard, Patrick. "Recherche sur les rapports entre la théorie et la pratique en psychanalyse." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA070021.
Full textRelationships between technical,practical and theoritical problems in psychoanalysis. Studies on the psychoanalytical session. Specificity of practise in psychoanalysis. Ethical questions. Ethic of psychoanalysts. Theory of desire (Freud, Lacan,Dolto)
Dionne, Frédérick. "Le psymal et les conduites suicidaires : la théorie, la pratique et la recherche." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2008. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1648/1/030080888.pdf.
Full textCarton, Guillaume. "La production des connaissances managériales : du rapport de la recherche à la pratique." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090053/document.
Full textSince the early days of management research, its relevance to practice has been the subject of vigorous debate. Understanding the relationship between research and practice implies studying how management knowledge is produced. We first aim at understanding the controversy surrounding the relevance of management research. We develop four complementary approaches on how academics apprehend the relationship between research and practice. Then, we develop a framework that allows the identification of four modes of interactions between scholars and practitioners and discover a developmental process that is specific to the management innovations that are developed between research and practice. Then, we study how the strategic concept of “Blue Ocean Strategy” is performed. We show how its innovators have performed the concept by applying its own principles. Finally, we are interested in scholar-practitioners given they straddle the worlds of research and practice to produce management knowledge. We seek to understand how they overcome role conflicts related to their activities in both research and practice. These four studies shed light on how management knowledge is produced
Lacombe, Bernard. "Pratique du terrain : méthodologie et techniques d'enquête." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010645.
Full textThe mythical trilogy : hypothesis, experimentation, conclusion is the model of science discovery. Some scientific disciplines, as most of the social sciences are, do not have the method of "reproducible experiment". This question is the basis of this thesis, structured by two knowledge axis : mathematisation and experimentation. If the mean at the disposal nature sciences is a continuity of real which allow to conclude for social sciences, on the contrary, events have no character of reproduction, they are all historical sciences. What is scientific status of the observation of a non reproductible event ? Could we say that the step of time between the observer and the observed is finally the central point of the distinction between "hard sciences" and "soft sciences" ? For these last ones, the observer and the event of the physical-chimical sciences to represente only acceptable model of science is absolutly contested by this thesis. One part treats of methodological surveys, precisely upon demography. This part is organised on difference which would treat the quantitative data collection as exercice place of audition, and the qualitative data collection as the exercise place of view. The last part treats of the question of fieldwork. The multiplicity of the meaning of 'fieldwork' and its use in the current language in french implies the presence of an opposite : to the 'fieldwork' are opposed the mental a thought activities, neverless the fieldwork is glorified by value of authenticity, sensibility, proximity, concrete and so on. The conception of fieldwork is examined according to some scientific contexts and through the light of free interviews, realised by the author. . At the end, the question of how to write experience and sensibility is treated because this question, base of emotion as a mean of knowledge since the subject-observer is include inside his subject of observation. It is for a more intimate relation between these two dimentions of scientific research that this thesis is pleading
Bret, Patrice. "La pratique révolutionnaire du progrès technique : de l'institution de la recherche militaire en France (1775-1825)." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010660.
Full textOn the background of the chemical revolution and the french revolution, the halfcentury from the foundation of a state gunpowder administration under lavoisier (1775) to the creation of the central school of military pyrotechnics in mets (1825) was marked by a cultural break in the relationship between science, technology, politics and military. A modern policy of applied research appeared with state initiative, rationalisation, conception out of the dominant technological system in collective structures relating science and technology, education and research. The rationalisation of men (higher schools of engineering) and equiplment (artillery, navy) was carried on up to the french revolution. With the mobilisation of scientists, the committee of public safety launched the first programs on military research (chlorate powder, obuses, ballooning, telegraphy), mainly in meudon (1793-1794). Meanwhile, it directed private research. Napoleon followed up (gunpowder, war rochets, cartography). The bourbon restoration normalized the call to scientists or ingenieurs-savants from the ecole polytechnique in permanent institutions like the comite consultatif des poudres (Gay-Lussac, 1818 ; Berthelot, 1873), laboratories and schools. Meanwhile the french pattern spread out to Poland (war rochets), Sweden (gunpowder) or the USA (American manufacturing system). Call for private invention still happened in crisis time (1870, 1914). The double revolutionary
Chaouch, Mohamed. "Recherche par le contenu d'objets 3D." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005168.
Full textLamy, Erwan. "La fragmentation de la science à l'épreuve des start-ups.Retour critique sur un constructivisme social au travers de l'étude des modes de coordination des pratiques scientifiques et marchandes lors des projets de création d'entreprise par des chercheurs du secteur public." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00104551.
Full textNakapan, Walaiporn. "Recherche d'informations par l'imageApplication à la recherche interactive de produits du bâtiment." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00087102.
Full textde conception architecturale. Les moteurs de recherche de produits existants sur le Web
proposent les modes d'accès, qui, en général, s'appuient sur l'utilisation du texte. Ces modes
d'accès sont mal adaptés aux besoins d'informations des architectes qui sont souvent vagues
au départ, et ne sont jamais clairement et complètement énonçables en mots. C'est pourquoi,
nous proposons l'image comme un nouveau support à la recherche de produits. Nous
présentons une méthode appliquée à la recherche interactive de produits ainsi que la
construction de la base d'images utilisées pour cette recherche. Par conséquent, deux
applications ont été réalisées à partir de cette méthode : 1) un robot logiciel destiné à extraire
et indexer les images de produits à partir du Web, 2) un outil recherche interactive de produits
par l'image. L'évaluation de ces outils permet de proposer des améliorations de l'approche.
Prud'homme, Evelyne. "Recherche-action-formation sur l'efficacité du changement assisté dans la réalite de la pratique." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2007. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2764.
Full textOlenine, Marc. "A la recherche du paradigme perdu : figures subversives d'une pratique pédagogique en formation d'adultes." Nancy 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN21026.
Full textFragments, remembering existence of understanding which nonetheless exists, twisting. . . Turning away to the light an experience of the mind. This would seem an unusual approach, especially based on twenty years' experience of a training institute in Lorraine, which is rooted in changing industrial landscape. Scant materials, life's scraps, events made to stand out after the event, anecdotes, fragments of history, patiently built up, all starting to fit together and we see, hazily at first and then more clearly, something approaching this object, the déficit de l'œuvre in which understanding what "learning" means remains an inseparable concept, for the mind, from "living evolving senses" or more accurately "multiple senses evolving from a single movement and becoming endlessly entwinning", the study focusing on digressions as human beings, mosaics that they are, captured in a snapshot of their ongoing transformation, seek genuine coherence. The march of time is slow for the pedagogue. How should we view education ?
Ravet, Jean-Frédéric. "Étude des proportions et des formes du violon : recherche de morphologie théorique et pratique." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040174.
Full textIn view of the lack of ancient documents dealing with the geometry of the violin,the author has untertaken the study of the working methods of the craftsmen using geometry for practical purposes from the 16th century to the 19th century. .
Prete, Nadia. "Dans l'entre-deux, l'un-possible image : recherche à partir d'une pratique de recouvrements photographiques." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010607.
Full textThis research on the insert of pictures is based on an artistic practice which basic caracteristic consists in acting like a mask. Not that mask which makes definitely disappear the lower surface like layers of sediment, but a mask supposed to be lifted up in order to let appear what is never be totally hidden. Those surfaces which mask and those hidden can both be made of different material (fabric, wood, paper, tracing paper), but what remains common among those supports is the fact that they bear a photography, or very often a photocopy. Each creation thus composed is called "photobjet". Those, masks and juxtapositions building up "photobjets" create "inserts" wich can be either places, folds, interstices where is to be found the "one impossible"(un- possible) image also called "the image of light" this insert confronted with pictures and ideas affirmed itself as the main idea in this study whereas the picture, called "un-possible" the would be one concentrating within itself space, reality as will as imagination, is put aside, condemmed into a bottomless abyss. The last chapitre deals with the boarders of this research : between origin and obscenity. Thus, on the one hand, this thesis maintains that striving for the "un- possible picture" in the field of photography, is the desire to reach the origine and, on the other hand, that the characteristics of closeness with the reality and fixeness of this one, turn photography into an object bearing obscenity. This research tried to find the impossible formula of alchemy capable of disturbing our consciousness. This formula is located between knowledge revealed by obscenity and therefore the obligation to approach it from a different angle to avoid paralysis. Therefore to fight back this paralysing "medusa" that photographyis, the practical experience had to find and create different means of escape
Picarougne, Fabien. "Recherche d'information sur Internet par algorithmes évolutionnaires." Phd thesis, Tours, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008013.
Full textMokhtari, Bilal. "Appariement de formes, recherche par forme clef." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOS067/document.
Full textThis thesis concerns shape matching and shape retrieval. It describes four contributions to thisdomain. The first is an improvement of the k-means method, in order to find the best partition ofvoxels inside a given shape ; these best partitions permit to match shapes using an optimal matchingin a bipartite graph. The second contribution is the fusion of two descriptors, one local, the otherglobal, with the product rule. The third contribution considers the complete graph, the vertices ofwhich are the shapes in the database and the query. Edges are labelled with several distances,one per descriptor. Then the method computes, with linear programming, the convex combinationof distances which maximizes either the sum of the lengths of all shortest paths from the query toall shapes of the database, or the length of the shortest path in the graph from query to the currentshape compared to query. The fourth contribution consists in perturbing the shape query, to make itcloser to shapes in the database, for any given descriptors. This method is massively parallel and amulti-agent architecture is proposed. These methods are compared to classical methods in the field,they achieve better retrieval performances
Omhover, Jean-François. "Recherche d'images par similarité de contenus régionaux." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066254.
Full textLoiseau, Yannick. "Recherche flexible d'information par filtrage flou qualitatif." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30263.
Full textWith the raise of electronic data, efficient information retrieval systems become necessary. To represent these information and the user needs, a better agreement between human and computer is needed. Our approach uses the fuzzy pattern matching to define a linguistic data representation, based on linked vague terms classes to model relations and ambiguity in language, defining a possibilistic concepts ontology. By representing user needs likewise, we match them with the information, and exploit links to evaluate vague searches with more relevant results. Lastly, all needs are kept in the final evaluation to discriminate documents using methods from multicriteria techniques. We first present several database and information retrieval aspects, and their integration with fuzzy techniques. The theoretic model of this approach is exposed, and applied to these two fields. Lastly, we illustrate the system and evaluate its real performances and advantages
Sapin, Emmanuel. "Recherche par algorithmes évolutionnaires d'automates cellulaires universels." Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOS041.
Full text