Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Recherche et appariement'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 17 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Recherche et appariement.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Borchani, Mohamed. "Caractérisation, recherche et appariement d'images par des attributs de texture." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05S021.
Full textLebrun, Justine. "Appariement inexact de graphes appliqué à la recherche d'image et d'objet 3D." Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00643534.
Full textLebrun, Justine. "Appariement inexact de graphes appliqué à la recherche d'images et d'objets 3D." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CERG0510/document.
Full textMany type of documents can be modeled by a graph representation. In this thesis, we focus on theuse of graph for research in multimedia databases.We begin by presenting the theory of graphs and aroundan overview of methods that have been proposed for matching.Then, we are particularly interested in their use for recognitionforms and multimedia indexing.In order to respond in the most generic possible differentresearch problems, we propose to work within the framework of kernel functions.This framework allows to separate the problems related to the nature of the documentsthose introduced by the different types of research. Thus, all ourenergy is devoted to the design of mapping functions,but bearing in mind that they must meet a numbermathematical properties. In this context, we propose newsolutions that better meet the specificgraphs from primitive and visual descriptors. Wealso present algorithms to quickly assessthese functions. Finally, wepresent experiments that highlight thesedifferent characteristics and experiences that showadvantages of our models with respect to the literature
Cadena-Amaro, Claudio. "Synthèse et étude de deux désoxynucléosides non naturels ; extension des schémas d'appariement." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05P634.
Full textIn recent years, the research of new structures of nucleobases being able to pair with the canonical bases (C, G, T, A) have been developed. One of the goals in our laboratory is the design and synthesis of such new deoxynucleosides, principally the synthesis of new deoxynucleosides called dYoxo and dJ. The synthesis of dYoxo and dJ was achieved from the commercially available compounds. Conformational studies were them made with these deoxynucleosides. The synthesis of the corresponding phosphoramidites allowed the construction of DNA fragments containing the modified bases. Moreover, thermodynamics studies were made with them. Finally, according to the results, a pairing models between the modified and canonicals bases was proposed
Désoyer, Adèle. "Appariement de contenus textuels dans le domaine de la presse en ligne : développement et adaptation d'un système de recherche d'information." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100119/document.
Full textThe goal of this thesis, conducted within an industrial framework, is to pair textual media content. Specifically, the aim is to pair on-line news articles to relevant videos for which we have a textual description. The main issue is then a matter of textual analysis, no image or spoken language analysis was undertaken in the present study. The question that arises is how to compare these particular objects, the texts, and also what criteria to use in order to estimate their degree of similarity. We consider that one of these criteria is the topic similarity of their content, in other words, the fact that two documents have to deal with the same topic to form a relevant pair. This problem fall within the field of information retrieval (ir) which is the main strategy called upon in this research. Furthermore, when dealing with news content, the time dimension is of prime importance. To address this aspect, the field of topic detection and tracking (tdt) will also be explored.The pairing system developed in this thesis distinguishes different steps which complement one another. In the first step, the system uses natural language processing (nlp) methods to index both articles and videos, in order to overcome the traditionnal bag-of-words representation of texts. In the second step, two scores are calculated for an article-video pair: the first one reflects their topical similarity and is based on a vector space model; the second one expresses their proximity in time, based on an empirical function. At the end of the algorithm, a classification model learned from manually annotated document pairs is used to rank the results.Evaluation of the system's performances raised some further questions in this doctoral research. The constraints imposed both by the data and the specific need of the partner company led us to adapt the evaluation protocol traditionnal used in ir, namely the cranfield paradigm. We therefore propose an alternative solution for evaluating the system that takes all our constraints into account
Lajmi, Sonia. "Annotation et recherche contextuelle des documents multimédias socio-personnels." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00668689.
Full textHafiane, Adel. "CARACTERISATION DE TEXTURES ET SEGMENTATION POUR LA RECHERCHE D'IMAGES PAR LE CONTENU." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00097977.
Full textBesle, Sylvain. "Étude des structures de coordination entre soins et recherche : le cas des essais précoces en cancérologie." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040126.
Full textFor some years, clinical research has been perceived as an ally to fight against cancer. In drug development process, early phase trials are the first test on human of a new therapeutics’ agent. Because in oncology those early phases enroll patient with therapeutic failure – without any treatment or option left –, they brings specific issues on how care pathway links to clinical research. We focus on how patient join such trials and frame it as a coordination problem to determine how early phase trial works between medical and research activities. The concept of configuration steers to a structural analysis of care pathways considering all at one dynamics of patients, physicians and health institutions. It especially focuses on three inclusion’s mechanisms connecting research units to patients: access, commitment and matching. Each of them is described and formalized as a specific model. Separating those mechanisms help to highlights changes over time. Lately, this configuration has evolved with the introduction of genomic trials and institutional changes.This thesis combines quantitative (survey, data analysis) and qualitative (interviews, observations) data collected in two main French early phase unit
Bursuc, Andrei. "Indexation et recherche de contenus par objet visuel." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00873966.
Full textSchmid, Cordelia. "Appariement d'images par invariants locaux de niveaux de gris : application à l'indexation d'une base d'objets." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005019.
Full textSchmid, Cordelia. "Appariement d'images par invariants locaux de niveaux de gris : application à l'indexation d'une base d'objets." Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0103.
Full textThis thesis concerns matching, a fundamental subject in computer vision. Matching covers a variety of problems such as matching two images or matching an image with a CAD model. Our approach allows objects to be matched if they are observed in complex scenes, partially occluded or seen from different viewpoints. The method is extended to image database consultation and object recognition. Our approach is based on a local characterization of the greyvalue signal. This characterization is calculated at particular «points of interest». These are detected automatically and are representative of the observed object. Therefore, the characterization obtained has a high information content. In addition, it is invariant to the similarity group of transformations in the image and allows images that have undergone such transformations to be matched. To first order, the similarity group absorbs variations of perspective viewpoint changes, so our representation is quasi-invariant and therefore robust to such transformations. The method has been applied to the retrieval of images from a large database. When there are many images there are typically many possible matches for any given point, so a robust statistical technique has been developed to find the corresponding image. To reduce the amount of computation required for a large database and make rapid retrieval possible, an indexing mechanism has been developed. Our image retrieval scheme has been applied to 3D object recognition from a single image. Each object is modeled by a set of images taken from different viewpoints chosen to be representative of the object. To obtain 3D information, the different aspects of the objects stored in the database are annotated with symbolic data. The trilinearity constraint allows this data to be localized in the image
Ren, Yi. "Indexation et recherche de similarités avec des descripteurs structurés par coupes d'images sur des graphes." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0215/document.
Full textImage representation is a fundamental question for several computer vision tasks. The contributions discussed in this thesis extend the basic bag-of-words representations for the tasks of object recognition and image retrieval.In the present thesis, we are interested in image description by structural graph descriptors. We propose a model, named bag-of-bags of words (BBoW), to address the problems of object recognition (for object search by similarity), and especially Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) from image databases. The proposed BBoW model, is an approach based on irregular pyramid partitions over the image. An image is first represented as a connected graph of local features on a regular grid of pixels. Irregular partitions (subgraphs) of the image are further built by using graph partitioning methods. Each subgraph in the partition is then represented by its own signature. The BBoW model with the aid of graphs, extends the classical bag-of-words (BoW) model by embedding color homogeneity and limited spatial information through irregular partitions of an image. Compared to existing methods for image retrieval, such as Spatial Pyramid Matching (SPM), the BBoW model does not assume that similar parts of a scene always appear at the same location in images of the same category. The extension of the proposed model to pyramid gives rise to a method we named irregular pyramid matching (IPM).The experiments demonstrate the strength of our approach for image retrieval when the partitions are stable across an image category. The statistical analysisof subgraphs is fulfilled in the thesis. To validate our contributions, we report results on three related computer vision datasets for object recognition, (localized)content-based image retrieval and image indexing. The experimental results in a database of 13,044 general-purposed images demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed BBoW framework
Ghrairi, Bouhajeb Jihan. "Employabilité des jeunes en France : influence des réseaux et des canaux formels de recherche d’emploi." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020022/document.
Full textImprove youth employment’s quality is a priority in France. This thesis focuses on job search and job access trends, in addition to the role played by the informal and formal search channels on the job matching issue. It helps understanding the informal and formal channels’ efficiency and limitations in order to ameliorate youth employment as France continues to prioritize youth in its national policy agendas. This PhD work offers valuable lessons learned on "who uses what" and on "what works" better for youth employment through three empirical studies.These three studies are preceded by a general introduction and a literature review. The first chapter is dedicated to the analysis of the job access channel’s determinants. As part of this chapter, the effects of some factors such as origin, gender, place of residence and education are emphasized. The second chapter examines the influence of these access channels on the quality and the satisfaction with the obtained job. The third chapter focuses on the comparaison of on- and out-of-the job seekers’ preferences, search intensity and strategies. Our findings suggest a further strengthening of the role played by the public employment service as well as the role of schools as a possible recruitment channel
Carcillo, Stéphane. "Appariements sur le marché du travail et salaires : quelques interactions." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010065.
Full textKandoussi, Malak. "Essays on the labor market : remote work, economic consequences of COVID-19 lockdowns, and establishments’relocation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASI016.
Full textThis thesis consists of three chapters that study labour market.The first chapter focuses on examining the impact of working from home on the labor market outcomes using an extension of the search and matching model. By considering the changes that have occurred in the economy before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, the objective is to address the data gap to (i) explain the increase in the share of remote workers following the COVID-19 crisis; (ii) investigate the effects of this shift on labor market outcomes in two distinct areas; and (iii) assess the potential benefits of working from home in reducing inequalities between urban and rural regions.The second chapter introduces a general equilibrium model that incorporates matching frictions to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on unemployment. The model is calibrated on the subprime-crisis experience and is then used to identify the job-specific lockdown shocks, allowing it to predict the observed worker flows by diploma. The study finds that the persistence of the model, which is notably higher than in the DiamondMortensen-Pissarides model, is mitigated by the effects of the CARES Act. This act plays a significant role in reducing the increase in unemployment by reducing the dynamics of worker separations and promoting job hires. Counterfactual experiments conducted in the study demonstrate that incorporating time-varying risk and externalities related to hiring costs are necessary to effectively explain the dynamics of these crises.The third and final chapter focuses on understanding the decision-making process of firms when selecting the locations for their establishments. The study investigates how changes in commuting time resulting from different types of relocations impact job separation and wages. The findings indicate that an increase in commuting time due to a relocation leads to a higher probability of job separation. In order to maintain the employment relationship, establishments that move to the suburbs tend to increase the wages of skilled workers, particularly those residing in the city center. Conversely, no evidence is found to support wage adjustments for establishments relocating to the center, and there is no indication of wage cuts for workers for whom commuting time decreases as a result of the relocation of their establishment
Valat, Emmanuel. "Réseaux de relations et appariements sur le marché du travail : essais théoriques et empiriques." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020068/document.
Full textThis work aims at contributing to analyze the role of word-of-mouth communication in the job matching process. If employers and job seekers are used to relying on their social relations, the percentage of jobs finally filled through socialnetworks varies between geographical areas. In the first chapter, we analyze, through a matching model of the labormarket à la Pissarides (2000) with social networks, the potential influence of the level of both professional concentration and ethnic diversity in the area. We find that the rise of professional concentration has a positive impact on the distribution of information through contacts. However, if ethnic origin is the single criterion influencing networks formation, it has a negative impact. In the second chapter, we re-evaluate the results of chapter one in an extended theoretical framework: workers have different level of qualification, some employed workers are overqualified and search on-the-job to improve their situation. Our results indicate that on-the-job search has a negative impact on the word-of-mouth communication process. In the third chapter, we show, from the French Trajectories and Origins survey from Ined/Insee (2008) that the rise of ethnic diversity has a positive impact on word-of-mouth communication in the labor market. Still from the same dataset, we find, in chapter four, that job offers provided by contacts are generally not appropriate to workers competences
Dieng, Mamadou Alimou. "Développement d’un système d’appariement pour l’e-recrutement." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16158.
Full textOur work seeks to address a very important issue in the recruitment field: matching jobs postings and candidates. We have thousands of jobs postings and millions of profiles collected from internet provided by a specialized firm in recruitment. Job postings and candidate profiles on professional social networks are generally intended for human readers who are recruiters and job seekers. We use natural language processing (NLP) techniques to automatically extract relevant information in a job offer. We use the extracted information to build automatically a query on our database. To validate our information retrieval model of occupation, skills and experience, we use hundred Canadian jobs postings manually annotated. And to validate our matching tool we evaluate the result of the matching of ten Canadian jobs by a recruitment expert.