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Academic literature on the topic 'Récepteurs RIG-I'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Récepteurs RIG-I"
Sanchez, David Raul Yusef. "Identification of the viral RNA ligands and host protein partners of the Rig-I Like Receptors in an active infection by viruses of positive and negative polarity." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC262.
Full textVirus infections can have deVastating consequences for the host and must therefore be controlled rapidly and effectively by antiviral innate immunity. The Rig-I-like receptors (RLRs: Rig-I, MDA5 and LGP2) are at the frontline of the evolutionary race between viruses and the host immune system. They play a major role in sensing RNA virus infection to initiate and modulate antiviral immunity. Upon RNA binding, RLRs trigger a downstream signalling cascade resulting in the expression of type-I interferons, proinflammatory cytokines and a diverse set of antiviral genes. One decade after RLRs discovery, much is known on the signalling cascade involved in their response, however molecular mechanisms that lead to RLRs activation still need further elucidation. Indeed, inside an infected tell RLRs interact with particular signatures of viral RNA but also with cellular protein partners, most of them being still unknown. Thus, innovative strategies are needed to obtain spatiotemporal networks of macromolecular interactions involving RLRs inside infected tells. In order to shed light on RNA and protein partners of RLRs in physiological conditions during an active viral infection, we generated a set of stable tell fines expressing tagged Rig-I, MDA5 and LGP2 proteins. Modern biochemical approaches based on affinity purification of tagged proteins, next-generation sequencing (NGS) of RNA molecules and mass spectrometry analysis (LC-MS/MS) of protein complexes were applied. As a proof of principle one negative-sense (measles virus, MV) and one positive-sense (chikungunya virus, CHIKV) viruses were chosen. We obtained an extensive list of specific virus-host interactions between RLRs and both protein and RNA molecules. NGS analysis fi revealed that distinct regions of the MV and CHIKV genomes were specifically recognized in an RLR-dependent manner. Our findings suggests that during MV infection, Rig-I recognizes defective interfering genomes only if the viral strain produces them, whereas MDA5 and LGP2 specifically associate with RNA species originating from the MV nucleoprotein coding region. During CHIKV infection, only Rig-I was found to bind specifically the 3' untranslated region of the viral genome. Using our proteomic approach we established three prosperous lists of cellular proteins interacting either directly or indirectly with each of the three RLRs. These protein-protein interactions were highly specific because they were RLR-specific and conditions-dependent. Additionally, several previously described specific RLR partners were present in our protein lists. To our knowledge this study provides the first simultaneous visualisation of specific RNA and protein partners for Rig-I, MDA5 and LGP2 in living tells in the presence of different RNA viruses
Kowalinski, Eva. "Études structurales des interactions virus-hôte à travers deux exemples : le récepteur du système immunitaire inne RIG-I et le domaine endonucléase de l'ARN polymérase du virus de la grippe." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00752678.
Full textThe first line of defense against invading pathogens in the human body is the innate immune system. Astonishingly, with only a handful of different pathogen recognition receptors (around 50), the innate immune system is able to detect a remarkably broad variety of pathogen specific molecules to trigger protective pathways and to activate the adaptive immune system. In the case of intruding viruses, two families of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are active: retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). The family of RIG-I like receptors includes the proteins RIG-I, MDA5 and LGP2, which recognize viral RNA in the cytosol. In the first part of this thesis, aspects of the RIG-I pathway are discussed: With which RNA does RIG-I interact and how? Does the oligomeric state of RIG-I change upon RNA binding in or- der to trigger signaling? How is RIG-I regulated by ubiquitin and its E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM25? The structure of the PRYSPRY domain of TRIM25, its putative RIG-I binding domain, will be presented. Furthermore, preliminary work on the second receptor MDA5 in complex with parainfluenza virus V, which inhibits the MDA5 pathway, protein will be shown. One of the activators of the receptor RIG-I is the RNA of influenza virus. Influenza viruses belong to the family of Orthomyxoviridae that affect birds and mammals and spread in seasonal epidemics. In pandemic years, this can result in up to millions of deaths worldwide, underlining the need for research on efficient novel anti-viral drugs. In the second part of the thesis (appended as an article manuscript), the A/California/04/2009- H1N1 "swine flu" influenza RNA polymerase will be investigated as a novel antiviral drug target. Crystal structures of the endonuclease domain (PA-Nter) of the polymerase with four different inhibitors are presented. Moreover, the atomic structures of H1N1 PA-Nter with rUMP and dTMP, elements of the nucleic acid substrate, in the active site are discussed. These high-resolution structures will serve as a basis for structure-based inhibitor optimization
Glenet, Marie. "Impact des ARN génomiques des Entérovirus-B tronqués en région 5'non-codante sur l'activation de la réponse interféron de type I dans les cardiomyocytes humains Major 5′terminally deleted enterovirus populations modulate type I IFN response in acute myocarditis patients and in human cultured cardiomyocytes Structures and functions of viral 5′ non-coding genomic RNA domain-I in group-B enterovirus infections Impact of 5 terminally deleted Enterovirus-B genome on type I IFN response in human cardiomyocytes | [Impact des Entérovirus-B tronqués en région 5 NC sur la réponse IFN de type I dans les cardiomyocytes humains]." Thesis, Reims, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REIMM204.
Full textGroup-B Enterovirus (EV-B) genomic RNA forms with deletions in 5' non-coding region (5'NC) have been associated with the development of acute or chronic human cardiomyopathies. The impact of 5’terminally deleted (5’TD) viral genomic RNA populations on type I interferon response activation in target cells remains unknown. In human and murine cardiac biopsies collected during EV-B myocarditis, we identified by a RACE-PCR approach different natural 5’NC deleted RNA forms whose proportions were correlated positively or negatively to IFN-β levels in cardiac tissues. Through transfection of synthetic full-length (FL) or 5’TD CVB-3/28 RNA forms alone or in similar proportions to those observed in blood, we demonstrated that stem-loop "d" structure of EV-B RNA domain I possesses an immunomodulatory five nucleotide motif responsible for IFN-β pathway induction. Using STING-37 knockdown cells for each RLRs (RIG-I or MDA5), we evidenced that the sensing of 5’TD RNA forms characterized by the loss of this nucleotide motif was RIG-I-dependent and associated with an LGP2 negative feedback, resulting in IFN-β response decrease in infected cells. By contrast, the innate immune sensing of FL or 5’TD forms with conserved stem-loop “d” structure was MDA5-dependent sensing and associated with higher IFN-β levels. Natural nucleotide deletions affecting domain I of 5'NC region of EV-B genome modulate the immune sensing of viral RNA by RLRs. These data should stimulate the development of target immunotherapies to restore an efficient antiviral innate immune response and potentially to achieve a viral clearance of human EV-B infected heart tissues
Louber, Jade. "Principes moléculaires du mécanisme d'activation du récepteur de l'immunité innée RIG-I." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10199/document.
Full textVertebrate are permanently threatened by infections that they manage to counteract using a dedicated system. The innate immunity allows a rapid response against viral infection, mainly through the type I interferon (IFN) production. Dedicated receptors detect microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), and among them the RIG-likereceptors (RLRs), RIG-I, MDA5 and LGP2, can sense viral RNA into the cytoplasm. RLRs are compossed of two or three different domains : two N-terminal CARDs domains are resposible for signal transduction, a C-terminal domains is the first RNA binding site, and a central helicase domainis the second RNA binding site and possesses an ATP-dependent activity. RIG-I is important for sensing of several mononegavirales, such as rabies, measle and Ebola viruses, and recongnized 5'-triphosphorylated double stranded RNA. Despite intensive studies, a full and comprehensive model of the mechanismof RIG-I activation is still lacking. Our aim was to clarify the first molecular steps of RIG-I activation. First, Stephen Cusack's team elucidated the structure of the full lenght duck RIG-I protein and identified the principle of RIG-I auto-repressed conformation. In absence of ligand RNA, CARD2 domain interacts with Hel2i subdomain of helicase domain. We confirmed this conformation with functional evidence. Mutaions F540A/D, in Hel2i subdomain, inhibits CARD2:Hel2i interaction and renders RIG-I constitutively active. In contrast, the corresponding mutations in the Hel2i contacting site of CARD2 domain produce inactive mutants. Thus CARDS;Hel2i interactio induces an auto-repressed state through a deual masking of both Hel2i RNA binding site and CARD2 residus necessary for signal transduction. Moreover, study of mutants involved in ATP binding and hydrolysis reealed a portential unsuspected regulatory role for the ATP-dependent enzymatic activity of RIG-I. Second, we studied the necessity of RIG-I oligomerization for RIG-I activation. Eva Kowalinski, PhD student in Stephen Cusack's team, observed RIG-I dimers in vitro, only in presence of synthetic RNA with two 5'triphosphorylated ends. We complete this observation with functional assays showing that synthetic leader RNA incapable to induce RIG-I oligomerization in vitro, did activate RIG-I in cellula. Moreover, we did not observe RIG-I oligomerization using either co-immunoprecipitation or Gaussia Luciferase-based-protein complementation assay, after activation with cognate RNA or viral infection. Altogether our results indicate that the self-oligomerization og RIG-I is either dispensable or very transient for signal transduction
Kowalinski, Eva. "Études structurales des interactions virus-hôte à travers deux exemples : le récepteur du système immunitaire inne RIG-I et le domaine endonucléase de l'ARN polymérase du virus de la grippe." Phd thesis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00752678.
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