Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Récepteur à l'adénosine'
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Dabeux, François. "Synthèse d'analogues de l'adénosine-5'-triphosphate, agonistes potentiels du récepteur P2Y11." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210498.
Full textLe premier objectif que nous nous sommes fixés au cours de notre thèse de doctorat fut de mettre au point un schéma de synthèse permettant d’obtenir des analogues de l’adénosine-5’-triphosphate [1] portant un motif thioalkyle ou thioaryle en position 2 de la base ainsi qu’un groupement dichlorométhylène entre les phosphores b et g &
Doctorat en Sciences
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Khalid, Mostafa. "Effets de la surcharge en sel sur la distribution rénale en sous-type de récepteurs α(2) adrénergiques chez le rat Sabra : rôle de la testostérone." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA11T049.
Full textFromonot, Julien. "Implication de l'adénosine en physiopathologie cardiovasculaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM5041.
Full textAdenosine (ADO) is an ubiquitous nucleoside that comes from ATP and from the methionine cycle. Via A1 receptors (A1R), it promotes atrial fibrillation (AF). Via A2A receptors (A2AR), it leads to coronary vasodilatation. Thus, adenosine is a metabolic intermediate and a neurotransmitter of the cardiovascular system.The first study showed that adenosine plasma level (APL) is correlated with homocystein (Hcy) and uric acid in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Furthermore, APL and Hcy are correlated with the SYNTAX score which evaluate CAD severity. Finally, in cellulo, ADO induced a dose and time dependant increase of HCY production by human hepatocytes. We concluded that high APL may participate into the high HCY and uric acid levels. These data bring new highlight on the physiopathology of CAD.In the second work, APL increased significantly only in patients with positive exercise stress testing (EST). Furthermore, A2AR expression was lower in positive EST patients compared with those with negative EST. Then, we concluded that the low expression of A2AR in CAD patients with positive EST, participates in the lack of adaptive response (coronary vasodilatation) to the EST. This result suggests that low A2AR expression may be a biological marker of CAD.In the third study, patients with AF and no structural heart disease have a normal APL but an increase in A2AR expression. Because adenosine promotes AF, we concluded that high A2AR expression may participate into the triggering of AF by increasing the sensitivity to adenosine.In conclusion, drugs that modulate the purinergic system should be useful tools for the treatment of CAD or AF
By, Youlet. "Modulation des récepteurs de l'adénosine par anticorps monoclonaux et ligands synthétiques. : application en physiopathologie humaine." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX20688/document.
Full textAdenosine interacts on its cell surface receptors, namely A1R, A2AR, A2BR and A3R, to exertphysiological effects on target tissues. Modulation of these adenosine receptors appears to be a currenttopic of research which may bring more comprehensions on human pathophysiology yet to be elucidated.In order to study A2AR expression, we produced, in study 1, a monoclonal antibody anti‐human A2AR, calledAdonis being of IgM, isotype. Adonis recognized a linear epitope of seven amino acids on the C‐terminalpart of the A2AR second extra‐cellular loop. By Western blotting, Adonis reveals a 45 KDa band of A2AR incell lysates. Adonis behaves as an agonist‐like which increases the cAMP production and inhibits cellproliferation through A2AR stimulation. In study 2, we showed that using Adonis, to measure the A2ARexpression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells which mimic those of the cardiac tissue, was able todifferentiate some patients with suspected neurally mediated syncope. We showed, in study 3, that A2ARstimulation by Adonis leads to a down‐regulation of CXCR4 and CCR5 expression on T‐cells, suggesting thatAdonis would be a potential drug to treat HIV infections. In study 4, we showed that intracereboventricularinjection of Adonis increased the Hot‐plate and Tail‐flick test latencies in mice in a dose‐dependent manner.Such increases were prevented by two A2AR antagonists and by an opiate receptor antagonist, suggestingthat the anti‐nociceptive effects of Adonis were mediated, at least in part, by endogenous opioid liberation.The last section focused on biological evaluation of new A1R ligands in collaborative studies betweenchemists and biologists. Indeed we showed, in study 5, that among thirty synthesized molecules, four act asA1R antagonists and two turn out to be A1R agonists with a micromolar EC50 on cAMP production. ThoseA1R agonists would be used in neuropathic pains, whereas other antagonists could be used in cardiacfailure or as diuretic. Finally, in study 6, we tested an original hybrid molecule which was revealed to be abivalent antagonist to μ opiate receptors and A1R. This hybrid compound may have applications in somepathologies such as hypovolemic shock and opiate addiction
Larrouy, Dominique. "Le récepteur A1 de l'adénosine du tissu adipeux : distribution, couplage et régulation, comparaison avec le recepteur alpha2 adrénergique." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30002.
Full textGuntz, Emmanuel. "Modulation du récepteur N-méthyl-D-aspartate au niveau de la corne dorsale de la moelle épinière par les récepteurs opiacés et les récepteurs A2A de l'adénosine." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209233.
Full textNicolas, Frédéric. "Mise au point d'un modèle d'étude de l'hypoxie sur des neurones centraux en culture : évaluation du rôle neuroprotecteur des analogues de l'adénosine." Nancy, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10394.
Full textDesgagné, Beaupré Isabel. "Modulation de l'expression du récepteur du facteur activateur des plaquettes par les analogues de l'adénosine dans les neutrophiles humains." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0003/MQ40573.pdf.
Full textDesgagné, Beaupré Isabel. "Modulation de l'expression du récepteur du facteur activateur des plaquettes par les analogues de l'adénosine dans les neutrophiles humains." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1997. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3145.
Full textAzdad, Karima. "Régulation de l'excitabilité et des oscillations du potentiel membranaire des neurones stratiaux: rôles des récepteurs de la dopamine et de l'adénosine et de leurs cascades de signalisation." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210387.
Full textLe striatum, premier relais du système des ganglions de la base, reçoit deux afférences principales :les voies dopaminergique nigro-striatale et glutamatergique cortico-striatale. En plus de ces deux afférences majeures, l’adénosine, par son action sur ses récepteurs, joue de nombreux rôles de régulation dans ce système. Ainsi, l’activité neuronale des neurones épineux moyens du striatum est modulée par les récepteurs de la dopamine qui sont en étroites interactions avec les récepteurs de l’adénosine. Bien que la signalisation de la dopamine et de l’adénosine ait été l’objet de nombreuses attentions, les mécanismes impliqués dans la régulation, par les récepteurs D2 de la dopamine et A2A de l’adénosine, dans le contrôle du potentiel membranaire et de l’excitabilité intrinsèque des neurones épineux moyens du striatum et leurs conséquences sur cette excitabilité en cas de déplétion en dopamine (mimant la maladie de Parkinson) restent encore très méconnues.
Dans ce travail de thèse, nous avons donc tenté d’élucider les mécanismes de régulation des récepteurs D2 et A2A et leurs interactions dans la modulation de la transition du potentiel membranaire et de l’excitabilité intrinsèque des neurones striataux, ainsi que les conséquences d’une déplétion en dopamine sur cette excitabilité neuronale.
Dans le premier travail de thèse, sur un modèle in vitro de transition du potentiel membranaire et par l’utilisation de peptides compétitifs, nous avons montré que les récepteurs D2 et A2A régulent le plateau de dépolarisation du potentiel membranaire induit par le NMDA via un mécanisme d’interaction protéine-protéine intramembranaire. En effet, l’activation du récepteur D2 supprime la transition entre un potentiel membranaire hyperpolarisé, le « down-state » et un plateau de dépolarisation du potentiel membranaire, le « up-state » par la régulation de l’activité du canal calcique Cav1.3a interagissant avec la protéine d’ancrage Shank. L’activation du récepteur A2A per se n’a pas d’effet, mais il réverse totalement la modulation de la transition du potentiel membranaire par le récepteur D2 selon un mécanisme dans lequel l’hétéromérisation des récepteurs A2A-D2 est strictement nécessaire, démontrant ainsi un intérêt physiologique direct de ces hétéromères. Nos travaux démontrent que la transition du potentiel membranaire et la fréquence de décharge des potentiels d’action des neurones striataux sont étroitement contrôlées par les récepteurs D2 et A2A via des interactions spécifiques protéine-protéine impliquant une hétéromérisation des récepteurs A2A-D2.
Dans la seconde étude présentée dans cette thèse, nous avons mis en évidence une régulation antagoniste de l’excitabilité intrinsèque des neurones épineux moyens du striatum par les récepteurs D2 et A2A via des mécanismes impliquant la modulation d’une conductance potassique de type A (IA). Par ailleurs, nous avons montré qu’une déplétion en dopamine conduit à une augmentation de l’excitabilité intrinsèque de ces neurones via une diminution d’une conductance IA. Malgré une forte diminution des afférences synaptiques excitatrices déterminées par une diminution de la densité des épines dendritiques et une augmentation du courant minimal nécessaire pour induire un premier EPSP, l’augmentation de l’excitabilité intrinsèque induite par la déplétion en dopamine résulte en un renforcement de la réponse des synapses restantes, permettant aux neurones striataux de répondre à une stimulation en provenance des afférences excitatrices de manière similaire voire même, plus efficace que dans les conditions contrôles. De plus, cette augmentation de l’excitabilité intrinsèque via la régulation d’une conductance IA représente une forme de plasticité homéostatique permettant au neurone de compenser une perturbation de l’activité neuronale ou de la transmission synaptique et donc d’assurer une stabilité de son patron de décharge des potentiels d’action. Ces données montrent la capacité de cette homéostasie à maintenir la fréquence de décharge des neurones striataux dans une gamme fonctionnelle, et ce dans des conditions pathologiques, permettant de stabiliser l’activité neuronale dans un réseau altéré.
En conclusion, l’ensemble de ce travail de thèse a permis de mettre en évidence une interaction fonctionnelle des récepteurs D2 de la dopamine et A2A de l’adénosine dans la régulation du contrôle de l’excitabilité des neurones épineux moyens du striatum. Il a également permis d’établir l’existence d’un mécanisme de plasticité homéostasique intervenant dans ce système neuronal altéré, afin de maintenir une activité électrique fonctionnelle des neurones striataux.
Doctorat en sciences biomédicales
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Bernatchez, Chantale. "Signalisation du récepteur des lymphocytes T (TCR) dans le thymus : interactions entre différentes voies MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinase) et régulation par l'adénosine." Thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2004/21803/21803.pdf.
Full textLE, CROM Stéphane. "Analyse comparée des récepteurs D1 de la dopamine chez les vertébrés : Définition des caractères fonctionnels spécifiques de chacun des sous-types du récepteur D1." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009188.
Full textMei, Yan Ai. "Etude par la technique de patch-clamp du mécanisme d'action de l'adénosine sur l'activité bioélectrique de la cellule mélanotrope." Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ROUES016.
Full textDayot, Stéphane. "Etude de la mémoire associative dans les cellules tumorales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASL109.
Full textIn psychology and neuroscience, associative memory refers to the capacity to learn and remember a link between two unrelated items. Although associative memory is widely believed to be restricted to animals possessing a complex nervous system, several reports have suggested that single-cell organisms can be conditioned to develop an associative memory-like behavior. Here, we report that human cancer cell lines can be conditioned to associate an extracellular matrix component and Gefitinib, a drug that reduces cell migration velocity. Collagen-I was periodically paired with Gefitinib and we observed that conditioned cells progressive decreased migration velocity on collagen-I but not on other extracellular matrix components.We identified the adenosine receptor ADORA2A as a key actor regulating the acquisition of associative memory. We also observed that the magnitude of the conditioned response oscillated over time with the same periodicity as paired stimuli presentations during conditioning. We found that mitochondria morphology oscillated with the same periodicity, suggesting that memory and energy metabolisms are linked.We propose that human cancer cells can be conditioned to integrate a link between two stimuli from their environment in a process that may allow to anticipate future stress exposition
Marlinge, Marion. "Profil du récepteur de l’adénosine A2A dans les pathologies cardio-vasculaires." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0670.
Full textAtherosclerosis is responsible for the decrease in the diameter of the vessels by formation of a "plaque" consisting in particular of lipids limiting the blood circulation (ischemia) and tissue oxygenation. Adenosine is able to regulate cardiovascular function, particularly through its A2A receptor, which induces vasodilation to increase blood intake. A low presence of A2AR seems to mark ischemia (without specificity of territory) while the presence of reserve receptors (maximum biological response despite a small number of occupied sites) sign a severe disturbance in the blood flow coronary (inducible ischemia). These analyzes can be done on a classic blood sample. Blood adenosine could predict the risk of death from cardiogenic shock complicating the initial disease, where peripheral organs are hypoperfused (cardiac pump dysfunction) that the body attempts to compensate for by vasoconstriction (less A2AR). This work suggests the possibility of using the adenosinergic system both at the level of diagnosis (absence of biological marker of ischemia and coronary artery disease reliable to date), prognosis, than at the therapeutic level
Bolteau, Raphaël. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation pharmacologique d’antagonistes des récepteurs A2A et de ligands duaux ciblant les récepteurs A2A et mGlu5." Thesis, Lille 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL2S006.
Full textThe past fifty years have been marked by the breakthrough of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s. Unfortunately, only symptomatic treatments are available. Furthermore, facing this multifactorial disease, the search for new and innovative therapeutic targets becomes a major challenge. Among these targets, the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) has been the subject of much research in recent years. Indeed, it has been shown that A2AR antagonists such as caffeine improve memory performance as it reduces β-amyloid deposits and Tau-phosphorylation. Though several A2AR antagonists have reached clinical trials, current research efforts are focused on developing new antagonists with relevant ADME properties. On the other hand, negative allosteric modulators of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) also play an important role in the pathological conditions associated with Alzheimer’s disease. It has been found that blocking the activity of mGlu5 reduces the neurotoxicity and synaptoxicity of the amyloid peptide in vitro but also in vivo. Based on a molecular modeling-guided design, we developed new A2AR antagonists with quinazoline and benzofuran as central scaffold and a dual ligands strategy targeting both A2A and mGlu5 receptors. Hit-to-lead optimization has led to nanomolar affinity compounds for A2AR and a new co-crystallized structure. Among them, some hit compounds have been identified with micromolar affinities towards mGluR5
Carvalho, Kévin. "Rôle des récepteurs adénosinergiques A2A dans la maladie d'Alzheimer." Thesis, Lille 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2S030.
Full textNeuronal accumulation of hyperphosphorylated and aggregated tau proteins (referred to as “tau pathology”) is correlated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) but the mechanisms underlying tau-induced memory deficits remain unclear. Epidemiological and experimental studies pointed out that chronic caffeine consumption reduces AD risk, associated lesions as well as related cognitive deficits. These protective effects were ascribed to the blockade of adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs), which have been found upregulated in AD patient’s brains in correlation with tau pathology development and cognitive deficits. These observations suggest a link between A2AR dysregulation, tau pathology development and memory loss in AD. Interestingly, both neuronal and astroglial A2AR appear to be dysregulated in AD, but the specific impact of each cell-specific change on AD progression remain unknown. In this context, the goal of this PhD work is to get insights towards the relationship between A2AR dysregulation, tau pathology development and associated synaptic/cognitive deficits, by inducing neuronal or astrocytic A2AR upsurge in a new transgenic mouse model of AD.To address this question, we have developed a new conditional model (Tet-Off) allowing the A2AR overexpression in CaMKII-positive neurons or GFAP-positive astrocytes. This model was crossed with THY-Tau22 mice, which progressively develops a hippocampal Tau pathology associated with memory decline, associated with neuroinflammatory processes and synaptic loss. In the different experimental groups, we have evaluated the consequences of neuronal or astrocytic upsurge of the A2ARs towards tau pathology and functional impairments (learning and memory). In addition, we also investigated post-mortem tissue of patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with tau aggregates (FTLD-tau).First, we show a neuronal upsurge of A2AR in the temporal cortex of FTDL-tau patients with MAPT P301L mutation, a pure tauopathy. The neuronal upregulation of A2AR in THY-Tau22 mice, modelizing these pathological changes, led to an hippocampal increase of tau hyperphosphorylation, associated with glutamatergic synapse loss, linked to the accumulation of the microglial complement protein C1q, leading to the worsening of spatial memory impairments. Additionally, we found that astrocytic A2AR overexpression worsened spatial memory impairments of THY-Tau22 mice. These effects were associated with an increased Tau phosphorylation together with the upregulation of hippocampal neuroinflammatory processes.Altogether, these data suggest that A2AR dysregulation seen in the brain of AD and FTLD-tau patients contributes to the development of Tau-induced cognitive impairments by increasing tau pathology and associated synaptic loss through detrimental neuro-immune changes. These data suggest that the blockade of adenosinergic A2A receptors is a therapeutic option to consider in the context of tauopathies
Laurent, Cyril. "Conséquences de l'invalidation génétique et pharmacologique des récepteurs adénosinergiques A2A dans un modèle de pathologie Tau. Relation avec les aspects neuro-inflammatoires." Thesis, Lille 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL2S041/document.
Full textPopulation ageing is a major risk factor for dementia, the most prevalent being Alzheimer disease (AD). AD is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive cognitive decline, notably impacting memory functions. Its formal diagnosis is based on the post-mortem examination of AD patients’ brains and defined by the combination of two lesions: extracellular deposition of fibrillar amyloid peptide, resulting from the abnormal cleavage of transmembrane APP precursor, and neurofibrillary tangles, characterized by intraneuronal accumulation of hyper- and abnormal phosphorylated tau protein (Tau pathology). Besides these two lesions hallmarks, neuro-inflammatory processes, mainly defined by an increase of the number and the activity of microglial and astroglial cells, are considered as a third pathological component. Although the relationships between amyloid pathology and neuro-inflammatory processes had been the subject of intense investigations, few studies has been achieved with regards to tau pathology. As a first aim of this work, neuro-inflammatory processes associated with Tau pathology has been evaluated using a transgenic mouse model mimicking AD-like Tau pathology, THY-Tau22 strain.. These mice overexpress a mutated human tau protein under the control of a neuronal promoter and progressively hippocampal tau pathology associated to memory decline. Transcriptomic, biochemical and histological evaluations revealed a progressive increase several markers of both innate and adaptive immunity in the hippocampus of THY-Tau22 transgenic mice. We notably observed a progressive rise of microglial and astrogliale reactions, the overproduction of many chemokines (CCL3, CCL4, CCL5) in association with a parenchymatous infiltration of T cells, without major disruption of blood brain barrier (BBB). These results highlight a correlation between the establishments of memory alterations and hippocampal tau pathology on the one hand, and the occurrence of a neuro-inflammatory response on the other hand. AD is a multifactorial disorder whose occurrence depends on different genetic and environmental factors. Among the latter, epidemiological studies have shown that caffeine consumption significantly reduces the risk to develop AD. Caffeine is a psychoactive drug, whose effects are mainly ascribed to the blockade of A1 and A2A adenosinergic receptors, the latter beeing known to modulate neuro-inflammatory processes. The role of A2A receptors in AD is far from understood, and relationship with tau pathology currently unknown. The second part of my PhD aimed at evaluating effects of caffeine but also of a specific A2AR blockade, using genetic and pharmacological means, towards behavioural alterations, tau pathology and neuro-inflammatory processes in THY-Tau22 model. Results obtained demonstrate that caffeine and specific A2AR blockade lead to beneficial effects towards memory dysfunction, tau hyperphosphorylation and hippocampal neuro-inflammation. These improvements are associated with beneficial neurochemical and electrophysiological changes. Theses results demonstrate for the first time a beneficial effect of caffeine and A2A receptor blockade in a mouse model of tauopathy and support that therapeutic targeting of A2A receptors could be of interest in AD
Duroux, Romain. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation d'antagonistes des récepteurs A2A." Thesis, Lille 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL2S015/document.
Full textAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia in the aged population. So far, there is no way to halt or slow-down AD. Therefore, there is a constant need of developing novel therapeutic strategies.In recent years, adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) has attracted a growing interest since it has been proved that this receptor is over-expressed during AD. Also, epidemiological studies showed that people consuming regularly caffeine-based beverages over a lifetime are substantially less likely to develop this disease. Indeed, A2AR antagonists improve memory performance as it reduces β-amyloid deposits and Tau-phosphorylation.Though several antagonists have been developed for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, current research efforts are focus on developing new antagonists with relevant ADME properties and a better efficacy. Based on a molecular modeling-guided design, we synthesised new A2AR antagonists with benzoxazole and quinazoline as central scaffold. Three molecules were selected and will be subject to evaluation on animal’s model
Dietrich, Andrée-Carole. "Effets de l'adénosine sur le système nerveux central." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P165.
Full textSchiffmann, Serge N. "Implications de l'adénosine, la cholecystokinine et leurs récepteurs dans l'organisation fonctionnelle des ganglions de la base." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212970.
Full textAbalo, Abotchi P. Meba. "Implication de l'adénosine dans la vasodilatation secondaire à une activation métabolique au niveau cérébral." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P610.
Full textLe, Vraux Valérie. "Régulation de la production du TNF par les stimulants des récepteurs de l'adénosine et d'autres médicaments anticytokines." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05CD05.
Full textEl, Moatassim Billah Chakib. "Actions de l'adénosine 5'-Triphosphate (ATP) extracellulaire sur les lymphocytes murins : implication de récepteurs spécifiques à l'ATP4̄." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20033.
Full textMaenhaut, Carine. "Identification, caractérisation et régulation de l'expression de récepteurs contrôlant les G-protéines: les récepteurs de la thyrotropine, de l'adénosine A2 et de la sérotonine 5-HT 1D." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212926.
Full textPeyot, Marie-Line. "Effets de l'adénosine extracellulaire sur l'apoptose et la prolifération de cellules musculaires lisses artérielles." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR28791.
Full textFranceschi, Frédéric. "Contribution à l'étude du système adénosinergique en pathologie cardiovasculaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM5012/document.
Full textAdenosine is a ubiquitous nucleoside that comes from the dephosphorylation of ATP and which is released during hypoxia or oxidative stress, by endothelial cells and myocytes. Adenosine interacts on its cell surface receptors, namely A1R, A2AR, A2BR and A3R, to exert physiological effects on target tissues. Our knowledge about the adenosinergic system was improved because of our ability to measure adenosine plasma levels and to quantify its receptors expression. Because adenosine, via A1 or A2A receptor activation leads to bradycardia and hypotension, we first tried to understand the implication of the adenosinergic system in patients with neurocardiogenic syncope (NMS for neutrally mediated syncope). Indeed, this syndrome is characterized by relative or absolute bradycardia associated with a drop in blood pressure and a loss of consciousness. The symptomatology can be reproduced by the tilt test (HUT) or by the intravenous administration of ATP (ATP test). First, we measured adenosine plasma levels in patients with NMS just before and during HUT. We found that adenosine plasma levels were higher in patients with a positive HUT. Then, we compared adenosine plasma levels and the expression of A2A receptors in patients with NMS depending on the result of HUT and ATP-test. We found that elevated adenosine plasma levels and A2A receptors overexpression were associated with positive HUT. On the opposite, low adenosine plasma levels and normal expression of A2A receptor were associated with positive ATP test
Dubé, Jean. "Caractérisation des récepteurs à l'adénosine chez les cellules épithéliales de la trachée de cobaye et rôle des récepteurs A[indice inférieur 1] sur l'activité enzymatique de la métalloprotéase-9 (MMP-9)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2001. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3263.
Full textVairo, Donato. "Participation à l'étude du rôle du système adénosinergique en pathologie cardiovasculaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0743/document.
Full textThe adenosine is an ubiquitous purinergic nucleotide which performs several functions in the body, in particular within the cardiovascular system, via his 4 receptors GPCRs: A1, A2a, A2B, A3. Thus the adenosinergic system is particularly involved in the cardiovascular pathology and in particular in the coronary disease and in the atrial fibrillation.In the coronary disease, the role of the A2a receptor is crucial because it participates in the control of the coronary flow. We compared the level of expression of this receptor in PBçCs and in fragments of coronary arteries taken from patients with coronaropathie. The expression of the A2a receptor in the PBMCs is correlated with that measured in the coronary arteries. These results indicate that the A2a receptor expressed by the PBMCs has a behavior similar to that of his in situ counterpart.The adenosine also modulates the heart rhythm. We thus studied her implication, via the A1 and A2a receptor, in the atrial fibrillation. We observed a very important rise of the adenosine in the left atrium during the episode of fibrillation, and we suggest that this increase in peripheral adenosine concentration could participate in the durability of the fibrillation.In the third part we estimated the correlation between the values of the blood ionogramme and those of the sweat ionogramme and we observed a correlation between the bllod concentration of potassium and the sweatpotassium. It could allow monitoring in a continuous and non-invasive way changes in blood potassium concentration which has a major role in cardiac rhytm diseases
Niane, Lalah Malika. "Neurotransmission par l'acétylcholine et l'adénosine tri-phosphate dans le contrôle périphérique de la respiration chez le rat en développement : rôle des récepteurs nicotiniques et P2X." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29191/29191.pdf.
Full textLelièvre, Vincent. "Implication des récepteurs du VIP [Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide], du PACAP [Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide] et de l'adénosine dans le contrôle de la prolifération et de la différenciation cellulaires." Poitiers, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997POIT2267.
Full textMoas, Heloire Valeria. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation de nouveaux ligands antagonistes de récepteurs A2a." Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL2S007/document.
Full textAdenosine is a ubiquitous neuromodulator able to regulate many physiological processes and plays an important neuroprotective role in the central nervous system. Its effects are transmitted by four distinct G protein receptor subtypes designated A1, A2a, A2b, and A3. A2a receptors (A2aR) show a restricted distribution, being characteristic of the dopamine enriched areas, the highest concentration being in the caudate-putamen in brain, where it has an important role in neuronal signaling with this region and potential involvement in neurologic disease of extrapyramidal origin.A2a antagonism was shown to be a promising pharmacological target for neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer disease (AD). Currently, only three compounds are still in clinical phase for PD treatment. Even if they show good affinities for the receptor, there is still a need for improving their ADME properties by keeping their selectivity towards other adenosine receptors.At the beginning of this project, a Tic-hydantoin derivative was identified as a new ligand with a good affinity for the A2a receptor. Based on the recently published crystalline structure of the A2A receptor complexed with the selective and high-affinity antagonist ZM241385 and a pharmacophoric model, we identified the missing features needed for a good affinity in our molecule. We designed and evaluated in silico many pharmacomodulations around the heterocyclic ring and Tic-guanidin substructure was proposed to present favorable hydrogen bound with Asn253 of the A2a binding site. This structure was obtained after optimization of a new synthetic pathway. Moreover, 1700 molecules were originally designed and evaluated in silico. Among potential interesting families, two of them, quinolizidinones and amino-imidazopyridines were synthesized and evaluated in vitro toward their affinity for A2a receptor and their cytotoxicity towards neuronal cells
Bruzzese, Laurie. "Réponses cellulaires du système adénosinergique à la dysoxie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM5046.
Full textDysoxia (hypoxia/hyperoxia) results from an impaired balance between oxygen-supply concentration and cellular metabolism causing various disorders. Hypoxia and inflammation involve HIF-1a and NF-kB factors and are linked via the adenosinergic response. Hypoxia increase adenosine concentration and A2A receptors (A2AR) expression which induces T-lymphocyte suppression. We hypothesized that during hypoxia, inflammation influences adenosinergic immunosuppression via NF-kB. As homocysteine promotes inflammation, which is considered as a risk factor, we hypothesized that hyperomocysteinemia affects T-cell viability and adenosinergic response. Effects of hyperoxic and hyperbaric conditions on adenosinergic system remain unclear. NF-kB, HIF-1α, and A2AR expression were studied using T-cells stimulated by mitogens under hypoxic conditions (CoCl2). Adenosine, adenosine deaminase, cAMP concentration and homocysteine metabolism were analyzed. Effect of hyperoxia on the adenosinergic pathway was addressed in a rat model using pressure chambers. HIF-1α production was induced by hypoxia, A2AR expression increased following NF-kB activation that enhanced lymphocyte-suppression. Inhibition of NF-kB by H2S resulted in improved cell-viability by down-regulating A2AR-mediated-immunosuppression. Hyperhomocysteinemia increased H2S production (transsulfuration-pathway). We also found in rat that hyperoxia repressed the adenosinergic response. Manipulating blood oxygen level constitutes an effective mean to control the immune response and inflammation via the adenosinergic system. Acting on A2AR expression via H2S production may control cardiovascular-disorders with high impact on public health
Boucher, Matthieu. "Protection pharmacologique par les récepteurs A₂� de l'adénosine : cardioprotection et réduction des dommages amygdaliens." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15488.
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