Relevant bibliographies by topics / Realistic Scenario

Academic literature on the topic 'Realistic Scenario'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 22 June 2024

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Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Realistic Scenario":

1

Paravisi, Marcelo, Davi H. Santos, Vitor Jorge, Guilherme Heck, Luiz Gonçalves, and Alexandre Amory. "Unmanned Surface Vehicle Simulator with Realistic Environmental Disturbances." Sensors 19, no. 5 (March 2, 2019): 1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19051068.

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The use of robotics in disaster scenarios has become a reality. However, an Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) needs a robust navigation strategy to face unpredictable environmental forces such as waves, wind, and water current. A starting step toward this goal is to have a programming environment with realistic USV models where designers can assess their control strategies under different degrees of environmental disturbances. This paper presents a simulation environment integrated with robotic middleware which models the forces that act on a USV in a disaster scenario. Results show that these environmental forces affect the USV’s trajectories negatively, indicating the need for more research on USV control strategies considering harsh environmental conditions. Evaluation scenarios were presented to highlight specific features of the simulator, including a bridge inspection scenario with fast water current and winds.
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David, Edward E. "A Realistic Scenario for U.S. R&D." Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society 15, no. 1 (February 1995): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/027046769501500105.

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Ribeiro, Carolina Baptista, Carlos Marcelo Balbino, Davi Fideles De Oliveira, Andrea Moreira de Siqueira Puppin, Valquíria Jorge Sepp, and Lucrécia Helena Loureiro. "Meaningful learning in a realistic drug simulation scenario." Cuadernos de Educación y Desarrollo 16, no. 1 (January 19, 2024): 1534–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/cuadv16n1-079.

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This study addresses the use of David Ausubel's Theory in a didactic sequence developed specifically for realistic drug simulations. Objective: to test the usability of a didactic sequence developed for realistic simulation in the preparation and administration of parenteral drugs in critically ill patients; to improve the applicability strategy of the didactic sequence for adjustments and subsequent validation. Methodology: qualitative observational study, which took place in May 2023 during a workshop on the preparation and administration of medication, using the evaluation tool validated by Raurell-Torredà as a model for data collection. Nursing undergraduate students from the 5th period onwards were invited to take part in the research to carry out a medication simulation during the workshop, A pre- and post-intervention questionnaire was carried out using a QR code to capture the answers, a semi-structured questionnaire with 11 questions on the subject, the data collected was arranged in an information bank using Microsoft Office Excel software and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results and Discussions: It can be seen that realistic simulation is a teaching-learning method that is little used, with 77.8% of the students having had contact with it for the first time. Conclusion: Although it is an effective teaching-learning strategy, undergraduate courses should structure their teaching strategy to include this teaching model in the course curriculum in order to improve teaching on the preparation and administration of medicines.
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Pachón, Helena, Bethany Reynolds, Michelle Duong, Becky L. Tsang, Lana Childs, Corey L. Luthringer, Yunhee Kang, Florencia C. Vasta, and Karen Codling. "The Potential Contribution of Fortified Maize Flour, Oil, Rice, Salt, and Wheat Flour to Estimated Average Requirements and Tolerable Upper Intake Levels for 15 Nutrients in 153 Countries." Nutrients 13, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020579.

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Food fortification is designed to improve the nutritional profile of diets. The purpose of this research was to estimate the potential nutrient contribution of fortified maize flour, oil, rice, salt, and wheat flour in 153 countries, using the national intake (or availability) of the food and the nutrient levels required for fortification. This was done under two scenarios—maximum, where 100% of the food is assumed to be industrially processed and fortified, and realistic, where the maximum value is adjusted based on the percent of the food that is industrially processed and fortified. Under the maximum scenario, the median Estimated Average Requirements (EARs) met ranged from 22–75% for 14 nutrients (vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, D, E, folic acid and calcium, fluoride, iron, selenium and zinc), and 338% for iodine. In the realistic scenario, the median EARs met were 181% for iodine and <35% for the other nutrients. In both scenarios, the median Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs) met were <55% for all nutrients. Under the realistic scenario, no country exceeded 100% of the UL for any nutrient. Current fortification practices of the five foods of interest have the global potential to contribute up to 15 nutrients to the diets of people, with minimal risk of exceeding ULs.
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Daviaux, Yannick, Emilien Bonhomme, Hans Ivers, Étienne de Sevin, Jean-Arthur Micoulaud-Franchi, Stéphanie Bioulac, Charles M. Morin, Pierre Philip, and Ellemarije Altena. "Event-Related Electrodermal Response to Stress: Results From a Realistic Driving Simulator Scenario." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 62, no. 1 (May 3, 2019): 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720819842779.

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Objective: The study goal was to test whether induced stress during driving could be measured at the event level through electrodermal activity responses. Background: Stress measured in simulation scenarios could thus far show an overall change in the stress state, but not be well attributed to acute stressful events. Driving simulator scenarios that induce stress measurable at the event level in realistic situations are thus warranted. As such, acute stress reactions can be measured in the context of changing situational factors such as fatigue, substance abuse, or medical conditions. Method: Twelve healthy female participants drove the same route numerous times in a driving simulator, each time with different random traffic events occurring throughout. During one of the scenarios, unknown to the participants, 10 programmed neutral traffic events occurred, whereas in another scenario, at the same location, 10 stressful events occurred. Results: Electrodermal response results showed both effects of scenario type and of events. The amplitude of the electrodermal response was significantly correlated with subjective stress experience. Conclusion: We conclude that our developed ecological driving simulation scenarios can be used to induce and measure stress at the event level. Application: The developed simulator scenarios enable us to measure stress reactions in driving situations at the time when the event actually happens. With these scenarios, we can measure how situational factors, such as fatigue or substance abuse, can change immediate stress reactions when driving. We can further measure more specifically how induced driving stress can affect physical and mental functioning afterward.
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Zaidi, Taskeen, Shubhang Giri, Kavita Srivastava, and Shivam Chaurasia. "Realistic Scenario Based VANET Analysis through Sumo and NS3." International Journal of Sensors, Wireless Communications and Control 8, no. 2 (September 28, 2018): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210327908666180605093749.

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Nidhi. "Performance Evaluation of Realistic VANET Using Traffic Light Scenario." International Journal of Wireless & Mobile Networks 4, no. 1 (February 29, 2012): 237–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijwmn.2012.4118.

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Abada, Asmaa, Paramita Dey, and Grégory Moreau. "Neutrinos in flat extra dimension: towards a realistic scenario." Journal of High Energy Physics 2007, no. 09 (September 4, 2007): 006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2007/09/006.

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Lindgren, Carina. "Do You Know Your Outcome of Realistic Scenario Training?" Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 46 (2012): 863–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.05.214.

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Griss, Johannes, Yasset Perez‐Riverol, Henning Hermjakob, and Juan Antonio Vizcaíno. "Identifying novel biomarkers through data mining—A realistic scenario?" PROTEOMICS – Clinical Applications 9, no. 3-4 (January 12, 2015): 437–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prca.201400107.

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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Realistic Scenario' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Realistic Scenario":

1

Maho, Thibault. "Neural networks security under realistic scenario." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Rennes (2023-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023URENS121.

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L'Intelligence Artificielle est aujourd'hui sur toutes les lèvres, porté par la révolution des réseaux de neurones qui ont fait leurs preuves dans diverses tâches. Ils ont notamment surpassé les capacités humaines en vision par ordinateur. Cette thèse se concentre ainsi sur les réseaux de neurones, en mettant l'accent sur les tâches de classification d'images. Cependant, ce succès remarquable s'accompagne de certaines failles. Les réseaux de neurones présentent des faiblesses en termes de confidentialité, d'intégrité et de disponibilité de leurs composants. Les données d'entraînement, le modèle et les données d'inférence sont exposés à des attaques. Même dans le scénario réaliste considéré dans cette thèse, où le modèle fonctionne dans un environnement boîte noire avec des limitations sur le nombre de requêtes, il est possible de voler et de reconstruire le modèle et les données d'entraînement, ainsi que de manipuler les données d'inférence. Cette thèse met l'accent sur la protection de la confidentialité du modèle compromise l'extraction de modèle et l'extraction de paramètres. Elle explore également le domaine des exemples adverses. Ces perturbations soigneusement conçues entraînent des erreurs de classification, menaçant l'intégrité du modèle à l'inférence. Par conséquent, une partie de cette thèse est dédiée à l'exploration de leurs origines, de leur création et des stratégies de défense contre eux.Cependant, ce succès remarquable s'accompagne de certaines failles. Les réseaux de neurones présentent des faiblesses en termes de confidentialité, d'intégrité et de disponibilité de leurs composants. Les données d'entraînement, le modèle et les données d'inférence sont exposés à des attaques. Même dans le scénario réaliste considéré dans cette thèse, où le modèle fonctionne dans un environnement boîte noire avec des limitations sur le nombre de requêtes, il est possible de voler et de reconstruire le modèle et les données d'entraînement, ainsi que de manipuler les données d'inférence.Cette thèse met l'accent sur la protection de la confidentialité du modèle compromise l'extraction de modèle et l'extraction de paramètres. Elle explore également le domaine des exemples adverses. Ces perturbations soigneusement conçues entraînent des erreurs de classification, menaçant l'intégrité du modèle à l'inférence. Par conséquent, une partie de cette thèse est dédiée à l'exploration de leurs origines, de leur création et des stratégies de défense contre eux
Artificial Intelligence is a hot topic today, driven by the revolution of neural networks that have shown impressive performances across various tasks. Notably, in Computer Vision, they have even outperformed humans. This thesis centers on neural networks applied to image classification tasks. Yet, this remarkable success is not without its vulnerabilities. Neural networks exhibit weaknesses in terms of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of their components. The training data, the model, and the inference data, are susceptible to potential attacks. Even in the realistic scenario considered in this thesis where the model operates in a black-box setup with limitations on the number of queries, it remains possible for an attacker to steal and reconstruct the model and training data, as well as manipulate inference data. This thesis places a particular emphasis on safeguarding the confidentiality of the model, which can be compromised through techniques such as model extraction and parameter extraction. Additionally, it delves into the realm of adversarial examples, which pose threats to the integrity of model inference. The deliberate introduction of small, well-crafted perturbations can result in misclassifications. Consequently, a significant portion of this thesis is dedicated to exploring the origins of adversarial examples, their creation, and strategies for defending against them
2

Das, Choudhury Sruti. "Uniscale and multiscale gait recognition in realistic scenario." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/59649/.

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The performance of a gait recognition method is affected by numerous challenging factors that degrade its reliability as a behavioural biometrics for subject identification in realistic scenario. Thus for effective visual surveillance, this thesis presents five gait recog- nition methods that address various challenging factors to reliably identify a subject in realistic scenario with low computational complexity. It presents a gait recognition method that analyses spatio-temporal motion of a subject with statistical and physical parameters using Procrustes shape analysis and elliptic Fourier descriptors (EFD). It introduces a part- based EFD analysis to achieve invariance to carrying conditions, and the use of physical parameters enables it to achieve invariance to across-day gait variation. Although spatio- temporal deformation of a subject’s shape in gait sequences provides better discriminative power than its kinematics, inclusion of dynamical motion characteristics improves the iden- tification rate. Therefore, the thesis presents a gait recognition method which combines spatio-temporal shape and dynamic motion characteristics of a subject to achieve robust- ness against the maximum number of challenging factors compared to related state-of-the- art methods. A region-based gait recognition method that analyses a subject’s shape in image and feature spaces is presented to achieve invariance to clothing variation and carry- ing conditions. To take into account of arbitrary moving directions of a subject in realistic scenario, a gait recognition method must be robust against variation in view. Hence, the the- sis presents a robust view-invariant multiscale gait recognition method. Finally, the thesis proposes a gait recognition method based on low spatial and low temporal resolution video sequences captured by a CCTV. The computational complexity of each method is analysed. Experimental analyses on public datasets demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methods.
3

Normando, Paulo Garcia. "Spatial interference alignment under realistic scenarios." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/11051.

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MORMANDO, P. G. Spatial interference alignment under realistic scenarios. 2013. 65 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia de Teleinformática) – Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2013.
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Due to the rapid growth and the aggressive throughput requirements of current wireless networks, such as the 4th Generation (4G) cellular systems, the interference has become an issue that cannot be neglected anymore. In this context, the Interference Alignment (IA) arises as a promising technique that enables transmissions free of interference with high-spectral efficiency. However, while recent works have focused mainly on the theoretical gains that the technique could provide, this dissertation aims to go a step further and clarify some of the practical issues on the implementation of this technique in a cellular network, as well as compare it to other well-established techniques. As an initial evaluation scenario, a 3-cell network was considered, for which several realistic factors were taken into account in order to perform different analyses. The first analysis was based on channel imperfections, for which the results showed that IA is more robust than Block Diagonalization (BD) regarding the Channel State Information (CSI) errors, but both are similarly affected by the correlation among transmit antennas. The impact of uncoordinated interference was also evaluated, by modeling this interference with different covariance matrices in order to mimic several scenarios. The results showed that modifications on the IA algorithms can boost their performance, with an advantage to the approach that suppresses one stream, when the Bit Error Rate (BER) is compared. To combine both factors, the temporal channel variations were taken into account. At these set of simulations, besides the presence of an external interference, the precoders were calculated using a delayed CSI, leading to results that corroborate with the previous analyses. A recurring fact on the herein considered analyses was the dilemma of weather to apply the Joint Processing (JP)-based algorithms in order to achieve higher sum capacities or to send the information through a more reliable link by using IA. A reasonable step towards solving this dilemma is to actually perform the packet transmissions, which was accomplished by employing a system-level simulator composed by a large number of Transmission Points (TPs). As a result, all analyses conducted with this simulator showed that the IA technique can provide an intermediate performance between the non-cooperation and the full cooperation scheme. Concluding, one of the main contributions of this work has been to show some scenarios/cases where the IA technique can be applied. For instance, when the CSI is not reliable it can be better to use IA than a JP-based scheme. Also, the modifications on the algorithms to take into account the external interference can boost their performance. Finally, the IA technique finds itself in-between the conventional transmissions and Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP). IA achieves an intermediate performance, while requiring a certain degree of cooperation among the neighboring sectors, but demanding less infrastructure than the JP-based schemes.
Devido ao rápido crescimento e os agressivos requisitos de vazão nas atuais redes sem fio, como os sistemas celulares de 4 a Geração, a interferência se tornou um problema que não pode mais ser negligenciado. Neste contexto, o Alinhamento de Interferência (IA) tem surgido como uma técnica promissora que possibilita transmissões livres de interferência com elevada eficiência espectral. No entanto, trabalhos recentes têm focado principalmente nos ganhos teóricos que esta técnica pode prover, enquanto esta dissertação visa dar um passo na direção de esclarecer alguns dos problemas práticos de implementação da técnica em redes celulares, bem como compará-la com outras técnicas bem estabelecidas. Uma rede composta por três células foi escolhida como cenário inicial de avaliação, para o qual diversos fatores realistas foram considerados de modo a realizar diferentes análises. A primeira análise foi baseada em imperfeições de canal, cujos resultados mostraram que o IA é mais robusto aos erros de estimação de canal que o BD (do inglês, Block Diagonalization), enquanto as duas abordagens são igualmente afetadas pela correlação entre as antenas. O impacto de uma interferência externa não-coordenada, que foi modelada por diferentes matrizes de covariância de modo a emular vários cenários, também foi avaliado. Os resultados mostraram que as modificações feitas nos algoritmos de IA podem melhorar bastante seus desempenho, com uma vantagem para o algoritmo que suprime um único fluxo de dados, quando são comparadas as taxas de erro de bit alcançadas por cada um. Para combinar os fatores das análises anteriores, as variações temporais de canal foram consideradas. Neste conjunto de simulações, além da presença da interferência externa, os pré-codificadores são calculados através de medidas atrasadas de canal, levando a resultados que corroboraram com as análises anteriores. Um fato recorrente percebido em todas as análises anteriores é o dilema entre aplicar os algoritmos baseados em BD, para que se consiga alcançar maiores capacidades, ou enviar a informação através de um enlace mais confiável utilizando o IA. Uma maneira de esclarecer este dilema é efetivamente realizar simulações a nível sistêmico, para isto foi aplicado um simulador sistêmico composto por um grande número de setores. Como resultado, todas as análises realizadas neste simulador mostraram que a técnica de IA atinge desempenhos intermediários entre a não cooperação e os algoritmos baseados na pré-codificação conjunta. Uma das principais contribuições deste trabalho foi mostrar alguns cenários em que a técnica do IA pode ser aplicada. Por exemplo, quando as estimações dos canais não são tão confiáveis é melhor aplicar o IA do que os esquemas baseados no processamento conjunto. Também mostrou-se que as modificações nos algoritmos de IA, que levam em consideração a interferência externa, podem melhorar consideravelmente o desempenho dos algoritmos. Finalmente, o IA se mostrou uma técnica adequada para ser aplicada em cenários em que a interferência é alta e não é possível ter um alto grau de cooperação entre os setores vizinhos.
4

Miranda, Carlos Miguel dos Santos. "Implementation of realistic scenarios for ground truth purposes." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/2093.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e Telecomunicações
A segurança em redes de telecomunicações é um tópico que desde sempre gerou preocupação em todos os meios (instituições, empresas e outros) que utilizam estas redes. Novas ameaças ou mutações de ameaças já existentes surgem a uma elevada velocidade e os meios disponíveis parecem não ser suficientes para uma detecção positiva das mesmas. As respostas actuais para combater estas ameaças baseiam-se numa análise em tempo real do tráfego ou num treino prévio que muitas vezes tem que ser supervisionado por um ser humano que, dependendo da sua experiência na área pode estar a criar uma falha de segurança no sistema sem se aperceber do sucedido. Novas técnicas surgem para uma detecção eficaz de muitos ataques ou anomalias. No entanto, estas técnicas devem ser testadas de modo a validar o seu correcto funcionamento e, nesse sentido, são precisos fluxos de tráfego gerados na rede que possam ser utilizados sem comprometer a confidencialidade dos utilizadores e que obedeçam a critérios préestabelecidos. Com esta dissertação pretende-se constituir um conjunto de dados fiável e o mais abrangente possível de um conjunto de cenários realistas de rede, através da emulação em ambiente controlado de diferentes topologias, diferentes serviços e padrões de tráfego. Um outro objectivo fundamental deste trabalho passa por disponibilizar os dados obtidos à comunidade científica de modo a criar uma base de dados uniforme que permita avaliar o desempenho de novas metodologias de detecção de anomalias que venham a ser propostas. ABSTRACT: Security in telecommunication networks is a topic that has caused a lot of worries to network users (institutions, enterprises and others). New threats or mutations of existing ones appear at a very fast rate and the available solutions seem not to be enough for a positive detection of these threats. The solutions that are nowadays used to fight these threats require the realtime analysis of the network traffic or have to be previously trained. Most of the times, this training has to be supervised by a human being that, depending on his experience, can create a security breach in the system without knowing it. New techniques have been proposed in order to more efficiently detect many security attacks or threats. However, these techniques need to be tested in order to validate their correct functioning and, in order to do that, network traffic flows that can be used without compromising the users confidentiality and that obey to a pre-established criteria are needed. This dissertation intends to establish a set of trustworthy data as extensive as possible from a set of realistic network scenarios. Network emulation techniques will be used in a controlled environment, building different network topologies, with different services and traffic patterns. Another main objective of this work it is to make all this obtained data available to the scientific community in order to create a uniform data base that will allow the performance evaluation of new anomaly detection methodologies that can be proposed in the future.
5

Axholt, Magnus, and Stephen Peterson. "Modelling Traffic Scenarios for Realistic Air Traffic Control Environment Testing." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2672.

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As air traffic is forecasted to increase, air traffic control software subsequently needs to be more sophisticated. To efficiently push development forward, testing is important in order to determine usability. The tests need to be adapted to fit a particular purpose and carried out with methods that preserve the validity of the results.

This thesis describes an implementation project carried out at the EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre, Bretigny-sur-Orge, France. The purpose of the project is to create an application that enables a user to create datasets of air traffic to be used for these tests. The application allows for manual work or bulk imports from external data sources. Furthermore it compiles scenarios as output datasets intended for prototype air traffic control software developed at Linköping University.

The application design rationale and development process is described. Some time is spent on demonstrating the flexibility of the application and how its usage fits in a bigger picture.

6

Afridi, Ayaz Khan. "MACRO AND FEMTO NETWORK ASPECTS FOR REALISTIC LTE USAGE SCENARIOS." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationsnät, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-53752.

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Argudo, Medrano Oscar. "Realistic reconstruction and rendering of detailed 3D scenarios from multiple data sources." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/620733.

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During the last years, we have witnessed significant improvements in digital terrain modeling, mainly through photogrammetric techniques based on satellite and aerial photography, as well as laser scanning. These techniques allow the creation of Digital Elevation Models (DEM) and Digital Surface Models (DSM) that can be streamed over the network and explored through virtual globe applications like Google Earth or NASA WorldWind. The resolution of these 3D scenes has improved noticeably in the last years, reaching in some urban areas resolutions up to 1m or less for DEM and buildings, and less than 10 cm per pixel in the associated aerial imagery. However, in rural, forest or mountainous areas, the typical resolution for elevation datasets ranges between 5 and 30 meters, and typical resolution of corresponding aerial photographs ranges between 25 cm to 1 m. This current level of detail is only sufficient for aerial points of view, but as the viewpoint approaches the surface the terrain loses its realistic appearance. One approach to augment the detail on top of currently available datasets is adding synthetic details in a plausible manner, i.e. including elements that match the features perceived in the aerial view. By combining the real dataset with the instancing of models on the terrain and other procedural detail techniques, the effective resolution can potentially become arbitrary. There are several applications that do not need an exact reproduction of the real elements but would greatly benefit from plausibly enhanced terrain models: videogames and entertainment applications, visual impact assessment (e.g. how a new ski resort would look), virtual tourism, simulations, etc. In this thesis we propose new methods and tools to help the reconstruction and synthesis of high-resolution terrain scenes from currently available data sources, in order to achieve realistically looking ground-level views. In particular, we decided to focus on rural scenarios, mountains and forest areas. Our main goal is the combination of plausible synthetic elements and procedural detail with publicly available real data to create detailed 3D scenes from existing locations. Our research has focused on the following contributions: - An efficient pipeline for aerial imagery segmentation - Plausible terrain enhancement from high-resolution examples - Super-resolution of DEM by transferring details from the aerial photograph - Synthesis of arbitrary tree picture variations from a reduced set of photographs - Reconstruction of 3D tree models from a single image - A compact and efficient tree representation for real-time rendering of forest landscapes
Durant els darrers anys, hem presenciat avenços significatius en el modelat digital de terrenys, principalment gràcies a tècniques fotogramètriques, basades en fotografia aèria o satèl·lit, i a escàners làser. Aquestes tècniques permeten crear Models Digitals d'Elevacions (DEM) i Models Digitals de Superfícies (DSM) que es poden retransmetre per la xarxa i ser explorats mitjançant aplicacions de globus virtuals com ara Google Earth o NASA WorldWind. La resolució d'aquestes escenes 3D ha millorat considerablement durant els darrers anys, arribant a algunes àrees urbanes a resolucions d'un metre o menys per al DEM i edificis, i fins a menys de 10 cm per píxel a les fotografies aèries associades. No obstant, en entorns rurals, boscos i zones muntanyoses, la resolució típica per a dades d'elevació es troba entre 5 i 30 metres, i per a les corresponents fotografies aèries varia entre 25 cm i 1m. Aquest nivell de detall només és suficient per a punts de vista aeris, però a mesura que ens apropem a la superfície el terreny perd tot el realisme. Una manera d'augmentar el detall dels conjunts de dades actuals és afegint a l'escena detalls sintètics de manera plausible, és a dir, incloure elements que encaixin amb les característiques que es perceben a la vista aèria. Així, combinant les dades reals amb instàncies de models sobre el terreny i altres tècniques de detall procedural, la resolució efectiva del model pot arribar a ser arbitrària. Hi ha diverses aplicacions per a les quals no cal una reproducció exacta dels elements reals, però que es beneficiarien de models de terreny augmentats de manera plausible: videojocs i aplicacions d'entreteniment, avaluació de l'impacte visual (per exemple, com es veuria una nova estació d'esquí), turisme virtual, simulacions, etc. En aquesta tesi, proposem nous mètodes i eines per ajudar a la reconstrucció i síntesi de terrenys en alta resolució partint de conjunts de dades disponibles públicament, per tal d'aconseguir vistes a nivell de terra realistes. En particular, hem decidit centrar-nos en escenes rurals, muntanyes i àrees boscoses. El nostre principal objectiu és la combinació d'elements sintètics plausibles i detall procedural amb dades reals disponibles públicament per tal de generar escenes 3D d'ubicacions existents. La nostra recerca s'ha centrat en les següents contribucions: - Un pipeline eficient per a segmentació d'imatges aèries - Millora plausible de models de terreny a partir d'exemples d’alta resolució - Super-resolució de models d'elevacions transferint-hi detalls de la fotografia aèria - Síntesis d'un nombre arbitrari de variacions d’imatges d’arbres a partir d'un conjunt reduït de fotografies - Reconstrucció de models 3D d'arbres a partir d'una única fotografia - Una representació compacta i eficient d'arbres per a navegació en temps real d'escenes
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Ahmad, Muhammad Bilal. "Macro and Femto Network Aspectsfor Realistic LTE usage scenarios with Interference Management." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationsnät, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-116601.

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Brualdi, Carlo. "Un algoritmo 2D per vehicular warning in scenari urbani realistici." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/1906/.

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Hahn, Sören [Verfasser]. "Mobile Radio Network Management in the Context of Realistic Heterogeneous Scenarios / Sören Hahn." Aachen : Shaker, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149272163/34.

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Books on the topic "Realistic Scenario":

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Deriu, Morena. Nēsoi. L’immaginario insulare nell’Odissea. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-470-7.

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The aim of this book is to shed new light on the connections between the islands of the Odyssey, setting aside the common perspectives which fully contrast Ithaka to the isles of Odysseus’s travels. Indeed, on a close reading, the idea of ‘otherness’ frequently associated to these isles can be perceived as the result of shared traits. The book first offers an introductory survey on the studies about islands and insularity (not only) in the Odyssey. Then, it analyses how and in which terms the Odyssean representations of the islands are elaborated by means of references to the characters’ senses and actions. These representations are frequently parts of archipelagos of memories, and all bear witness to the fact that fantastic and realistic traits are intermingled and can permeate each other on all the Odyssean islands. Thus, the isles of these travels can be perceived as marginal and mixed places which are also meaningfully part of the archipelago of thematic and formal relations which links all Odyssean islands. The second section of the book examines this archipelagic scenario by using the concepts of utopia and heterotopia. The section shows how the islands of the Odyssey and, especially, the islands the hero encountered on his travels should not be considered utopias in the strict sense of the word. It then goes on to show how M. Foucault’s heterotopia can help to highlight a series of insular aspects, which, otherwise, could pass unnoticed. These lands stand at the margins of the world of the Odyssey and are, at the same time, connected to all the other islands. As a result, they work like mirrors which reflect images of different and possible worlds. In particular, the Odyssean isles of women mirror different and possible relationships between Odysseus and the lady of the island and help to enlighten the place which the hero perceives as the perfect home among all the possible choices. Finally, a brief analysis of the prophecy about the hero’s future last adventure shows that there is no chance of Odysseus feeling at home on that ‘other’ place of this last journey.
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Fudge, Marek, and Alan Starr. How to Revise the Quick and Easy Way: A Realistic and Effective Guide to Stress Free Revision, to Optimise Performance in Any Exam Scenario. Independently Published, 2021.

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Eland, Ivan, Michael Stenton, Paul Gottfried, Thomas Fleming, Hartman David, Wayne Allensworth, Leon Hadar, Aaron D. Wolf, and Stephen B. Presser. Peace in the Promised Land: A Realist Scenario. Rockford Inst, 2005.

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Petersen, Steve. Superintelligence as Superethical. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190652951.003.0021.

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Nick Bostrom’s book Superintelligence outlines a frightening but realistic scenario for human extinction: true artificial intelligence is likely to bootstrap itself into superintelligence, and thereby become ideally effective at achieving its goals. Human-friendly goals seem too abstract to be preprogrammed with any confidence; and if those goals are not explicitly favorable to humans, the superintelligence will extinguish us—not through any malice, but simply because it will want our resources for its own purposes. In response, I argue that things might not be as bad as Bostrom suggests. If the superintelligence must learn complex final goals, then this means such a superintelligence must in effect reason about its own goals. And because it will be especially clear to a superintelligence that there are no sharp lines between one agent’s goals and another’s, that reasoning could therefore automatically be ethical in nature.
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Rouse, William B. Computing Possible Futures. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198846420.001.0001.

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This book discusses the use of models and interactive visualizations to explore designs of systems and policies in determining whether such designs would be effective. Executives and senior managers are very interested in what “data analytics” can do for them and, quite recently, what the prospects are for artificial intelligence and machine learning. They want to understand and then invest wisely. They are reasonably skeptical, having experienced overselling and under-delivery. They ask about reasonable and realistic expectations. Their concern is with the futurity of decisions they are currently entertaining. They cannot fully address this concern empirically. Thus, they need some way to make predictions. The problem is that one rarely can predict exactly what will happen, only what might happen. To overcome this limitation, executives can be provided predictions of possible futures and the conditions under which each scenario is likely to emerge. Models can help them to understand these possible futures. Most executives find such candor refreshing, perhaps even liberating. Their job becomes one of imagining and designing a portfolio of possible futures, assisted by interactive computational models. Understanding and managing uncertainty is central to their job. Indeed, doing this better than competitors is a hallmark of success. This book is intended to help them understand what fundamentally needs to be done, why it needs to be done, and how to do it. The hope is that readers will discuss this book and develop a “shared mental model” of computational modeling in the process, which will greatly enhance their chances of success.
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Improving Health Disaster Risk Management with Indigenous Peoples: Methodology for Simulation Exercises using Parallel Perspectives. Organización Panamericana de la Salud, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275120828.

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The use of scenarios with parallel perspectives in a simulated health emergency helps participants to see that the exercise is appropriately realistic for all participants involved—both health practitioners and members of indigenous communities... The objective of this document is to adapt the rationale and the methodology for conducting a simulation exercise so that the discussion leads to improved disaster risk management, post-emergency interventions, and health outcomes for indigenous peoples. To achieve this objective, hypothetical scenarios are developed in which the same facts and occurrences are presented, both from a traditional perspective as well as from a perspective that reflects an indigenous cosmovision.
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Eklund, Matti. Alternative Normative Concepts. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198717829.003.0002.

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This chapter is centered on the question of whether it is possible for there to be normative concepts with the same normative roles as ours but not coextensive with them. If this is possible, an ardent realist faces a dilemma. The best way out of the dilemma is to deny that this scenario is in fact possible, and instead claim that normative role determines reference. The scenario used to present the dilemma is similar to the so-called Moral Twin Earth cases discussed in the literature, and the similarities and differences with the Moral Twin Earth challenge are discussed. An ardent realist might be tempted to respond to the dilemma by saying that some normative concepts are more fundamental or joint-carving than others. This response is explored and rejected.
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Batra, Sonal, Noah Villegas, and Erin Zerbo. Harm Reduction. Edited by Hunter L. McQuistion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190610999.003.0005.

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Harm reduction is defined as a set of policies, programs, and practices aimed at reducing the negative health, social, and economic consequences associated with various behaviors. Although classically applied to the treatment of substance use disorders, its scope has broadened over time to include high-risk sexual activity, nonadherence to treatment, and other behaviors that may lead to negative consequences. In addition to providing relevant historical context for scenarios encountered, this chapter uses a case to demonstrate how a provider might take a nonjudgmental and humanistic approach to identifying maladaptive behaviors and apply evidence-based, realistic interventions to reduce associated harms. Specific topics discussed include opioid use disorder, tobacco use disorder, female sex work, and nonadherence to psychotropic medications.
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Jappelli, Tullio, and Luigi Pistaferri. The Buffer Stock Model. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199383146.003.0007.

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We analyze models that combine precautionary saving and liquidity constraints to provide a unified, more realistic treatment of intertemporal decisions. We start off with a simple three-period model to illustrate how the expectation of future borrowing constraints can induce precautionary saving even in scenarios in which marginal utility is linear. A more general model that allows liquidity constraints and precautionary saving to interact fully is the buffer stock model, of which there are two versions. One, developed by Deaton (1991), emphasizes the possibility that a prudent and impatient consumer may face credit constraints. The other, by Carroll (1997), features the same type of consumer but allows for the possibility of income falling to zero and so generating a natural borrowing constraint.
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Urban, A. Katalin, Josephine M. Clayton, and David W. Kissane. Introducing or transitioning patients to palliative care. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198736134.003.0021.

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Effective communication between patients, families, and healthcare professionals is critical to transitioning to a palliative approach and enables patients and their families to adjust to the life-limiting nature of the illness, avoid unnecessary and invasive treatments, accomplish remaining life goals, and prepare for death. The PREPARED acronym provides a framework to guide clinicians in discussing the transition to a palliative approach in a way that respects the patient’s preferences, provides empathy, and helps sustain realistic hope. Settings of steadily advancing disease burden, the need to change or cease disease-directed therapies, the need for specialist palliative care services, and when the patient approaches the terminal phase of life are considered. Benefits in early referral to palliative care and models of parallel care are discussed. Clinical scenarios for simulated patient encounters in communication skills training are provided as an online appendix.
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Book chapters on the topic "Realistic Scenario":

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Priisalu, Maria, Ciprian Paduraru, and Cristian Smichisescu. "Varied Realistic Autonomous Vehicle Collision Scenario Generation." In Image Analysis, 354–72. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31438-4_24.

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Piva, Matteo, Marco Pizzato, and Massimiliano Sala. "Attacking BEAR and LION Schemes in a Realistic Scenario." In Algebraic Informatics, 189–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23021-4_17.

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Faiz, Farina, Yoshinori Ideno, Hiromichi Iwasaki, Yoko Muroi, and Sozo Inoue. "Multilabel Classification of Nursing Activities in a Realistic Scenario." In Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 269–88. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8944-7_17.

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Engelbrecht, Klaus-Peter. "Application of Prediction Models in a Realistic Usage Scenario." In Estimating Spoken Dialog System Quality with User Models, 87–100. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31591-6_6.

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Kasapovic, Suad, and Lejla Banjanovic-Mehmedovic. "Simulation VANET Networks on a Random and Realistic Spatial Scenario." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 245–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53934-8_30.

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Karoui, Mouna, Antonio Freitas, and Gerard Chalhoub. "Comparative Evaluation Study of GLOSA Approaches Under Realistic Scenario Conditions." In Ad-Hoc, Mobile, and Wireless Networks, 407–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31831-4_28.

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Zeleke, Seifu Girma, and Beneyam Berehanu Haile. "Performance Analysis of Vertical Sectorization for LTE Realistic Deployment Scenario." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 154–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26630-1_13.

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Chourasiya, Rajiv, and Mohit Agarwal. "Comparative Study of Routing Protocols in Vanets on Realistic Scenario." In Proceedings of International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Data Engineering, 445–55. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8767-2_37.

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Lestingi, Livia. "Model-Driven Development of Formally Verified Human-Robot Interactions." In Special Topics in Information Technology, 41–51. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51500-2_4.

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AbstractIntroducing service robots into everyday settings entails a significant technological shift for the robotics community. Service settings are characterized by critical sources of uncertainty (mainly due to human behavior) that current software engineering techniques do not handle. This chapter introduces a model-driven framework for developing interactive service robotic scenarios, relying on formal verification to guarantee robustness with respect to unexpected runtime contingencies. Target users specify the characteristics of the scenario under analysis through a custom textual Domain-Specific Language, which is then automatically converted into a network of Stochastic Hybrid Automata. The formal model captures non-traditional physiological (e.g., physical fatigue) and behavioral aspects of the human subjects. Through Statistical Model Checking, it is possible to estimate several quality metrics: if these meet the set dependability requirements, the scenario can be deployed. Specifically, the framework allows for deployment on the field or simulation. Field-collected data are fed to a novel active automata learning algorithm, called $$\textsf{L}^*_\textrm{SHA}$$ L SHA ∗ , to learn an updated model of human behavior. The formal analysis can then be iterated to update the scenario’s design. The overall approach has been assessed in terms of effectiveness and accuracy through realistic scenarios from the healthcare setting.
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Vasić, Ž. Lučev, I. Krois, and M. Cifrek. "Measurement of the Received Power in a Realistic Intrabody Communication Scenario." In IFMBE Proceedings, 924–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19387-8_226.

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Conference papers on the topic "Realistic Scenario":

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Beuran, Razvan, Takuya Inoue, Yasuo Tan, and Yoichi Shinoda. "Realistic Cybersecurity Training via Scenario Progression Management." In 2019 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops (EuroS&PW). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eurospw.2019.00014.

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Saglio, J. M., and J. Moreira. "Oporto: a realistic scenario generator for moving objects." In Proceedings. Tenth International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications. DEXA 99. IEEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dexa.1999.795204.

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Thiele, Lars, and Volker Jungnickel. "Adaptive MIMO transmission in a realistic multicell scenario." In 2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rws.2008.4463546.

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Shah, Saqlain Hussain, Muhammad Saad Saeed, Shah Nawaz, and Muhammad Haroon Yousaf. "Speaker Recognition in Realistic Scenario Using Multimodal Data." In 2023 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ICAI). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icai58407.2023.10136626.

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Lv, Peng, Bo Zheng, and Zhongyong Zhou. "Simulation of VANET in a More Realistic Scenario." In 2011 7th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wicom.2011.6040398.

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Huber, Richard, Anton Batliner, Jan Buckow, Elmar Nöth, Volker Warnke, and Heinrich Niemann. "Recognition of emotion in a realistic dialogue scenario." In 6th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 2000). ISCA: ISCA, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/icslp.2000-165.

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Maru, Nobuhito, Takeshi Fukuyama, and Tatsuru Kikuchi. "Towards A Realistic Grand Gauge-Higgs Unification Scenario." In GRAND UNIFIED THEORIES: CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS: An International Workshop. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2939048.

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Agussalim and Masato Tsuru. "Comparison of DTN Routing Protocols in Realistic Scenario." In 2014 International Conference on Intelligent Networking and Collaborative Systems (INCoS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/incos.2014.80.

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Nadar, Ali, Mathis Lafon, and Jérôme Härri. "A RoundD-like Roundabout Scenario in CARLA Simulator." In 4th Symposium on Management of Future Motorway and Urban Traffic Systems. Technische Universität Dresden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2023.100.

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Evaluating the challenges and opportunities of cooperative autonomous vehicles (CAV) require an adapted simulation methodology reproducing realistic driving and sensory contexts. In this paper, we propose a RounD-like CARLA scenario reproducing in CARLA the driving context recorded in the RounD dataset. We focus in particular on roundabout scenarios, as they are considered particularly challenging for CAV. We present the methodology followed to generate the CARLA scenario and describe challenges to reproduce trajectories corresponding to RounD. Origin and destination of vehicles, waypoint and speed are extracted from RounD for CARLA vehicles to closely reproduce the driving patterns observed in RounD. The benefit of such scenario are manyfold, such as evaluating control algorithms of CAVs, deep AI reinforcement learning, or vehicular sensor data sampling under realistic driving contexts. It notably will reduce the gap of AI mechanisms for CAV between simulation scenarios and realistic conditions.
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Khaldoon, A. Omar, Md Mijanur Rahman, L. A. Hassnawi, R. Badlishah Ahmad, and S. S. Balasem. "Behavior of modified MVDR beamformer algorithm with realistic scenario." In 2014 2nd International Conference on Electronic Design (ICED). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iced.2014.7015784.

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Reports on the topic "Realistic Scenario":

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Bäumler, Maximilian, Günther Prokop, Matthias Lehmann, and Linda Dziuba-Kaiser. Use Information You Have Never Observed Together: Data Fusion as a Major Step Towards Realistic Test Scenarios. TU Dresden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26128/2024.3.

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Scenario-based testing is a major pillar in the development and effectiveness assessment of automated driving systems. Thereby, test scenarios address different information layers and situations (normal driving, critical situations and accidents) by using different databases. However, the systematic combination of accident and / or normal driving databases into new synthetic databases can help to obtain scenarios that are as realistic as possible. This paper shows how statistical matching (SM) can be applied to fuse different categorical accident and traffic observation databases. Hereby, the fusion is demonstrated in two use cases, each featuring several fusion methods. In use case 1, a synthetic database was generated out of two accident data samples, whereby 78.7% of the original values could be estimated correctly by a random forest classifier. The same fusion using distance-hot-deck reproduced only 67% of the original values, but better preserved the marginal distributions. A real-world application is illustrated in use case 2, where accident data was fused with over 23,000 car trajectories at one intersection in Germany. We could show that SM is applicable to fuse categorical traffic databases. In future research, the combination of hotdeck- methods and machine learning classifiers needs to be further investigated.
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Prokhorov, Оleksandr V., Vladyslav O. Lisovichenko, Mariia S. Mazorchuk, and Olena H. Kuzminska. Developing a 3D quest game for career guidance to estimate students’ digital competences. [б. в.], November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4416.

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This paper reveals the process of creating a career guidance 3D quest game for applicants who aim to apply for IT departments. The game bases on 3D model of computer science and information technologies department in the National Aerospace University “Kharkiv Aviation Institute”. The quest challenges aim to assess the digital competency level of the applicants and first- year students. The paper features leveraged software tools, development stages, implementation challenges, and the gaming application scenario. The game scenario provides for a virtual tour around a department of the 3D university. As far as the game replicates the real-life objects, applicants can see the department's equipment and class-rooms. For the gaming application development team utilized С# and C++, Unity 3D, and Source Engine. For object modeling, we leveraged Hammer Editor, Agisoft PhotoScan Pro, and the photogrammetry technology, that allowed for realistic gameplay. Players are offered various formats of assessment of digital competencies: test task, puzzle, assembling a computer and setting up an IT-specialist workplace. The experiment conducted at the open house day proved the 3D quest game efficiency. The results of digital competence evaluation do not depend on the testing format. The applicants mostly preferred to take a 3D quest, as more up-to-date and attractive engagement.
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Foteinis, Spyros, and Phil Renforth. Realistic deployment scenarios/pathways that can be used to constrain Earth System models. OceanNETs, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/oceannets_d6.2.

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van Walbeek, Corné, and Senzo Mthembu. The Likely Fiscal and Public Health Effects of an Excise Tax on Sugar sweetened Beverages in Kenya. Institute of Development Studies, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.007.

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Historically, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have typically been associated with tobacco and alcohol use. However, in recent decades increased levels of overweightness and obesity, mostly caused by poor eating habits and a sedentary lifestyle, have increased diabetes, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases. There is a general agreement that sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) are bad for one’s health. As such, measures to reduce their consumption would be expected to positively impact population health. In this working paper, we develop and report on an Excel-based model, in which we simulate the impact of an SSB tax on the prevalence of overweightness and obesity. The model starts with a baseline scenario, which takes cognisance that a 10 KES specific tax already exists on all soft drinks. A sugar-based SSB tax is then introduced. The tax is levied as an amount per gram of sugar, with or without a tax-free threshold. Other than reducing the demand for SSBs, a sugar-based SSB also creates strong incentives for manufacturers to reformulate their products to reduce the sugar content. The model predicts that the average BMI would decrease across all age groups decreasing the prevalence of overweightness and obesity. The magnitude of the decrease in the prevalence of overweightness and obesity depends on the size of the SSB tax. For realistic and politically feasible values of the SSB tax, the prevalence of overweightness and obesity is expected to decrease by between 5 per cent and 10 per cent. Should Kenya implement a sugar-based tax on SSBs, over and above the current excise tax on soft drinks, the government should clarify that such a tax aims to enhance public health; raising additional revenue should be a secondary consideration. Also, implementing a sugar based SSB tax should be part of a more comprehensive strategy to reduce overweightness and obesity, because by itself the impact of the tax is modest.
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Arnold, Zachary, and Helen Toner. AI Accidents: An Emerging Threat. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20200072.

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As modern machine learning systems become more widely used, the potential costs of malfunctions grow. This policy brief describes how trends we already see today—both in newly deployed artificial intelligence systems and in older technologies—show how damaging the AI accidents of the future could be. It describes a wide range of hypothetical but realistic scenarios to illustrate the risks of AI accidents and offers concrete policy suggestions to reduce these risks.
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Eyers, Victoria, Iwan Parry, and Mohammed Zaid. In-Depth Investigation of E-Scooter Performance. TRL, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.58446/hkxd9791.

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E-scooter use is increasing, and with it, the number of collisions involving e-scooters. The rapid rate of uptake of devices has resulted in a gap in the reference data available for collision investigators to make use of in reconstructing collisions, data which is commonly available for other collision types. The main aim of this study was to consider the capabilities of privately owned devices likely to be encountered in ‘real world’ collision scenarios and examine whether manufacturer-published data is realistic. Common characteristics and observations relevant to collision investigations were also recorded. A sample of donated, used devices was tested to determine the acceleration, deceleration and peak speed characteristics of different types of device
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Keller, David P. Quantification of “constrained” potential of ocean NETs. OceanNets, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/oceannets_d4.1.

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This study uses an existing perturbed parameter ensemble (PPE) of simulated ocean CO2 removal (CDR) to better determine sustainable pathways of ocean-based NET deployment and to provide information to constrain the design of subsequent modelling experiments. The results show that ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) can only help meet SDG13 (Climate Action) when other ambitious mitigation efforts are taken. This reinforces that OAE is not a substitute for emissions reduction, but could contribute to meeting our climate goals (if other factors suggest OAE is worth doing). For SDG14 (Life Below Water), the results suggest OEA can contribute to limiting or even reversing ocean acidification. Meeting many other SDG14 objectives is closely linked to also meeting SDG13. A key recommendation is therefore, that subsequent simulations in OceanNETs should only use SDG13 compatible baseline scenarios, unless there is some specific need for process understanding at higher levels of climate change. The analysis has also determined that the idealized CDR in the PPE is not suitable for determining many socio-economic constraints and the implications that these have for meeting the SDGs. Another key recommendation is therefore, that subsequent simulations within OceanNETs should use more realistic scenarios of CDR deployment.
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Terzic, Vesna, and William Pasco. Novel Method for Probabilistic Evaluation of the Post-Earthquake Functionality of a Bridge. Mineta Transportation Institute, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1916.

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While modern overpass bridges are safe against collapse, their functionality will likely be compromised in case of design-level or beyond design-level earthquake, which may generate excessive residual displacements of the bridge deck. Presently, there is no validated, quantitative approach for estimating the operational level of the bridge after an earthquake due to the difficulty of accurately simulating residual displacements. This research develops a novel method for probabilistic evaluation of the post-earthquake functionality state of the bridge; the approach is founded on an explicit evaluation of bridge residual displacements and associated traffic capacity by considering realistic traffic load scenarios. This research proposes a high-fidelity finite-element model for bridge columns, developed and calibrated using existing experimental data from the shake table tests of a full-scale bridge column. This finite-element model of the bridge column is further expanded to enable evaluation of the axial load-carrying capacity of damaged columns, which is critical for an accurate evaluation of the traffic capacity of the bridge. Existing experimental data from the crushing tests on the columns with earthquake-induced damage support this phase of the finite-element model development. To properly evaluate the bridge's post-earthquake functionality state, realistic traffic loadings representative of different bridge conditions (e.g., immediate access, emergency traffic only, closed) are applied in the proposed model following an earthquake simulation. The traffic loadings in the finite-element model consider the distribution of the vehicles on the bridge causing the largest forces in the bridge columns.
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Webster, Julie, Emma Smith, Annette Stumpf, and Megan Fuhler. Autonomous vehicle testing : a survey of commercial test sites and features. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48334.

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Connected and autonomous technologies are valuable to the Army because of their recognized potential to reduce the number of personnel exposed to threats in forward operations. The successful integration of such technologies has the potential to reduce Soldier deaths and injuries. Automation of routine tasks can also allow warfighters to focus their time on more strategic efforts. Furthermore, a reduction in manpower is expected to proportionally reduce energy use and material supply and resupply demands while bolstering resilience. To achieve these benefits, the reliability, safety, and utility of connected and autonomous systems must be successfully demonstrated in a variety of conditions before widespread adoption. Therefore, the Army needs a realistic testing environment to develop, test, and evaluate emerging technologies. This environment and its supporting infrastructure should provide a variety of terrain, functional areas, and power scenarios and should be able to demonstrate the viability of connected and autonomous technologies on an operational scale. The primary objective of this research was to survey US commercial facilities associated with autonomous vehicle development, testing, and evaluation.
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Balali, Vahid. Connected Simulation for Work Zone Safety Application. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2137.

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Every year, over 60,000 work zone crashes are reported in the United States (FHWA 2016). Such work zone crashes have resulted in over 4,400 fatal and 200,000 non-fatal injuries in the last 5 years (FHWA 2016, BLS 2014). Apart from the physical and emotional trauma, the annual cost of these injuries exceeds $4 million-representing significant wasted resources. To improve work zone safety, this research developed a system architecture for unveiling high-risk behavioral patterns among highway workers, equipment operators, and drivers within dynamic highway work zones. This research implemented the use of a connected virtual environment, which is an immersive hyper-realistic and virtual environment where multiple agents (e.g. workers, drivers, and equipment handlers) control independent simulators but experience an interactive and shared experience. For this project, the team conducted an in-depth analysis of accident investigation, simulated accident scenarios, and tested diverse interventions to prevent high-risk behavior. Overall, the research improved understanding of behavioral patterns that lead to injuries and fatalities of highway workers in order to better protect them in high-risk work environments. As part of making transportation smarter, this project contributes to smart behavioral safety analysis.

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