Academic literature on the topic 'Real-life biological samples'

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Journal articles on the topic "Real-life biological samples"

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Bräuer, Birgit, Christine Unger, Martin Werner, and Peter A. Lieberzeit. "Biomimetic Sensors to Detect Bioanalytes in Real-Life Samples Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers: A Review." Sensors 21, no. 16 (August 18, 2021): 5550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165550.

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Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) come with the promise to be highly versatile, useful artificial receptors for sensing a wide variety of analytes. Despite a very large body of literature on imprinting, the number of papers addressing real-life biological samples and analytes is somewhat limited. Furthermore, the topic of MIP-based sensor design is still, rather, in the research stage and lacks wide-spread commercialization. This review summarizes recent advances of MIP-based sensors targeting biological species. It covers systems that are potentially interesting in medical applications/diagnostics, in detecting illicit substances, environmental analysis, and in the quality control of food. The main emphasis is placed on work that demonstrates application in real-life matrices, including those that are diluted in a reasonable manner. Hence, it does not restrict itself to the transducer type, but focusses on both materials and analytical tasks.
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Scholtens, Ingrid, Emile Laurensse, Bonnie Molenaar, Stephanie Zaaijer, Heidi Gaballo, Peter Boleij, Arno Bak, and Esther Kok. "Practical Experiences with an Extended Screening Strategy for Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) in Real-Life Samples." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 61, no. 38 (September 10, 2013): 9097–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf4018146.

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Dey, Nilanjan. "Coordination-driven reversible supramolecular assembly formation at biological pH: Trace-level detection of Hg2+ and I− ions in real life samples." Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 267 (February 2022): 120447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2021.120447.

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Phan, Uyen Thuy Xuan, Chambers, Edgar IV, Padmanabhan, Natarajan, and Alavi, Sajid. "Accelerated vs. real time modeling for shelf life: an example with fortified blended foods." Science and Technology Development Journal 17, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v17i3.1503.

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Shelf life can be simply defined as the duration of that the food remains acceptable for consumption. Determining shelf life of a product, thus, has become essential in quality control because consumer’s demands for safe and high quality products have increased. Accelerated shelf life testing (ASLT), which subjects the food to environments that are more severe than normal to speed up the deterioration process, has long been used in shelf life studies because it can help make decisions more quickly by minimizing time and it minimizes costs. The criterion used to determine shelf life can be the changes in either physical, chemical, biological or sensory characteristics. This study used sensory descriptive properties as the primary criteria to investigate the validity of using Accelerated Shelf Life Testing (ASLT) to determine shelf life of four extruded fortified blended foods (FBFs) compared to a real time model. The real-time environment was set at 300C and 65% relative humidity, based on the weather in Tanzania, the expected location of product use. The ASLT environment was at 500C and 70% relative humidity based on a Q factor of 2, which was equivalent to a one-week ASLT equals onemonth real time. The samples were evaluated for aroma and flavor by a highly trained descriptive panel for 3 time points in each shelf life model. Among the eighteen attributes tested, rancid and painty were the main sensory criteria to determine the shelf life of the products. The ASLT shelf life predictive model was consistent with the real time shelf life for three of the samples. However, it failed to predict the real time shelf life of the fourth similar sample. This affirms the essential use of real time modeling in shelf life study for a new product, even when an accelerated model has been developed for other similar products in the same category. ASLT testing can still be used, but only for early guidance or after validation.
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Enos-Berlage, Jodi. "Development of a Water-Quality Lab that Enhances Learning & Connects Students to the Land." American Biology Teacher 74, no. 7 (September 1, 2012): 471–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2012.74.7.8.

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A 3-week laboratory module was developed for an undergraduate microbiology course that would connect student learning to a real-life challenge, specifically a local water-quality project. The laboratory series included multiple field trips, sampling of soil and water, and subsequent analysis for bacteria and nitrate. Laboratory results confirmed the usefulness of comparing real environmental samples, and student survey and performance data supported the original hypothesis of this study in terms of student learning objectives.
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Khanna, Charu, Shalini Singh, Manish Vyas, and Sujata Das. "Biological Potential of Semi-Purified Enterocin of Enterococcus Sp. Yt3 Against Selected Food Pathogens." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 35, no. 5 (October 16, 2019): 1584–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/350517.

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The efforts for prevention of food borne illness and infections draw great attention, worldwide. Different methods, both physical as well as chemical, are commonly used for improving shelf life of food, but limited efficiency of physical methods, and potential health hazards associated with chemical methods, have brought biological processes in the limelight. One such natural, environment friendly, highly effective natural food preservants are, bacteriocins. Thus, there is a continuous need for better bacteriocin producers in the search for more effective bacteriocins than what are already available in the market. In the current study, food samples were collected from local market of Jalandhar, Punjab, and evaluated for bacteriocin producing Lactic acid bacteria. Enterococcus sp. YT3 was found to be the most efficient bacteriocin producer among the isolates, with higher bacteriocin activity exhibited by the given strain under optimized cultural conditions. The partially purified bacteriocin have molecular weight between 35kDa & 48kDa, possess pH (2-10) and thermal stability (even at 121o C for 20 minutes), and exhibit biological potential against different bacteria (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus and B. subtilis). Future studies will focus on checking different food samples for real time evaluation of shelf life improvement.
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Yehia, Ali M., Reham M. Arafa, Samah S. Abbas, and Sawsan M. Amer. "Stability Study and Kinetic Monitoring of Cefquinome Sulfate Using Cyclodextrin-Based Ion-Selective Electrode: Application to Biological Samples." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 99, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.15-0185.

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Abstract Two novel cefquinome sulfate (CFQ)-selective electrodes were performed with dibutyl sebacate as a plasticizer using a polymeric matrix of polyvinyl chloride. Sensor 1 was prepared using sodium tetraphenylborate as a cation exchanger without incorporation of ionophore, whereas 2-hydroxy propyl β-cyclodextrin was used as ionophore in sensor 2. A stable, reliable, and linear response was obtained in concentration ranges 3.2 × 10−5 to 1 × 10−2 mol/L and 1 × 10−5 to 1 × 10−2 mol/L for sensors 1 and 2, respectively. Both sensors could be sufficiently applied for quantitative determination of CFQ in the presence of degradation products either in bulk powder or in pharmaceutical formulations. Sensor 2 provided better selectivity and sensitivity, wider linearity range, and higher performance. Therefore it was used successfully for accurate determination of CFQ in biological fluids such as spiked plasma and milk samples. Furthermore, an online kinetic study was applied to the CFQ alkaline degradation process to estimate the reaction rate and half-life with feasible real-time monitoring. The developed sensors were found to be fast, accurate, sensitive, and precise compared with the manufacturer's reversed-phase chromatographic method.
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Dau, Holger, and Michael Haumann. "X-ray absorption spectroscopy to watch catalysis by metalloenzymes: status and perspectives discussed for the water-splitting manganese complex of photosynthesis." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 10, no. 1 (December 24, 2002): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s090904950201720x.

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Understanding structure–function relations is one of the main interests in the molecular biosciences. X-ray absorption spectroscopy of biological samples (BioXAS) has gained the status of a useful tool for characterization of the structure of protein-bound metal centers with respect to the electronic structure (oxidation states, orbital occupancies) and atomic structure (arrangement of ligand atoms). Owing to progress in the performance characteristics of synchrotron radiation sources and of experimental stations dedicated to the study of (ultra-dilute) biological samples, it is now possible to carry out new types of BioXAS experiments, which have been impracticable in the past. Of particular interest are approaches to follow biological catalysis at metal sites by characterization of functionally relevant structural changes. In this article, the first steps towards the use of BioXAS to `watch' biological catalysis are reviewed for the water-splitting reactions occurring at the manganese complex of photosynthesis. The following aspects are considered: the role of BioXAS in life sciences; methodological aspects of BioXAS; catalysis at the Mn complex of photosynthesis; combination of EXAFS and crystallographic information; the freeze-quench technique to capture semi-stable states; time-resolved BioXAS using a freeze-quench approach; room-temperature experiments and `real-time' BioXAS; tasks and perspectives.
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Minogue, Timothy D., Phillip A. Rachwal, Adrienne Trombley Hall, Jeffery W. Koehler, and Simon A. Weller. "Cross-Institute Evaluations of Inhibitor-Resistant PCR Reagents for Direct Testing of Aerosol and Blood Samples Containing Biological Warfare Agent DNA." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 4 (December 13, 2013): 1322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03478-13.

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ABSTRACTRapid pathogen detection is crucial for the timely introduction of therapeutics. Two groups (one in the United Kingdom and one in the United States) independently evaluated inhibitor-resistant PCR reagents for the direct testing of substrates. In the United Kingdom, a multiplexedBacillus anthracis(target) andBacillus subtilis(internal-control) PCR was used to evaluate 4 reagents against 5 PCR inhibitors and down-selected the TaqMan Fast Virus 1-Step master mix (Life Technologies Inc.). In the United States, four real-time PCR assays (targetingB. anthracis,Brucella melitensis, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus [VEEV], andOrthopoxvirusspp.) were used to evaluate 5 reagents (plus the Fast Virus master mix) against buffer, blood, and soil samples and down-selected the KAPA Blood Direct master mix (KAPA Biosystems Inc.) with added PlatinumTaq(Life Technologies). The down-selected reagents underwent further testing. In the United Kingdom experiments, both reagents were tested against seven contrived aerosol collector samples containingB. anthracisAmes DNA andB. subtilisspores from a commercial formulation (BioBall). In PCR assays with reaction mixtures containing 40% crude sample, an airfield-collected sample induced inhibition of theB. subtilisPCR with the KAPA reagent and complete failure of both PCRs with the Fast Virus reagent. However, both reagents allowed successful PCR for all other samples—which inhibited PCRs with a non-inhibitor-resistant reagent. In the United States, a cross-assay limit-of-detection (LoD) study in blood was conducted. The KAPA Blood Direct reagent allowed the detection of agent DNA (by four PCRs) at higher concentrations of blood in the reaction mixture (2.5%) than the Fast Virus reagent (0.5%), although LoDs differed between assays and reagent combinations. Across both groups, the KAPA Blood Direct reagent was determined to be the optimal reagent for inhibition relief in PCR.
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Hršak, Dalibor, Ivan Katanić, and Strahil Ristov. "A Fast Method for the Selection of Samples in Populations with Available Genealogical Data." Diversity 14, no. 2 (February 20, 2022): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14020150.

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Optimal selection of samples in populations should provide the best coverage of sample variations for the available sampling resources. In populations with known genealogical connections, or pedigrees, this amounts to finding the set of samples with the largest sum of mutual distances in a genealogical tree. We present an optimal, and a faster sub-optimal, method for the selection of K samples from a population of N individuals. The optimal method works in time proportional to NK2, and the sub-optimal in time proportional to NK, which is more practical for large populations. The sub-optimal algorithm can process pedigrees of millions of individuals in a matter of minutes. With the real-life pedigrees, the difference in the quality of the output of the two algorithms is negligible. We provide the Python3 source codes for the two methods.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Real-life biological samples"

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Barkenäs, Emelie. "Automation of a solid-phase proximity ligation assay for biodefense applications." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-215448.

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The extent of devastation caused by a biological warfare attack is highly correlated to the time from release to detection. As a step towards lowering the detection time the international project TWOBIAS was launched. Here, the main goal is to develop an automated, specific and sensitive combined detection and identification instrument capable of identifying a biological threat within an hour. The identification unit is comprised of a sample preparation module, an amplification module and a detection module and utilizes a proximity ligation assay in combination with circle-to-circle amplification in order to detect a biological threat. This thesis describes the automation of the sample preparation steps of the assay and the integration with the downstream units. The functionality of the sample preparation module was verified by subjecting it to biological samples in a laboratory and at a real-life location. The results showed that the sample preparation module was capable of preparing a sample collected in a complex environment with the same results as a sample prepared in a laboratory.
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Conference papers on the topic "Real-life biological samples"

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Mahmutović, Arzija. "INTEGRISANE NASTAVNE AKTIVNOSTI U PRVOM RAZREDU DEVETOGODIŠNJE OSNOVNE ŠKOLE." In Metodički aspekti nastave matematike. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Jagodina, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/manm4.183m.

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Integrated teaching activities enable the connection of the contents of different subjects. This approach is characterized by the examination of every problem, subject or research topic from a multitude of perspectives, thus gathering a number of information from different disciplines. It is in line with real life situations in which a problem is seen as a biological and historical cir- cumstance that is made of mathematical and at the same time artistic, linguistic and other characteristics. Ultimately, the assessment is carried out by the ending result, essay or a problem solution and application of knowledge, thus changing the teacher student relationship by giving the student more time for interconnec- tion and comprehension of terms and phenomena that describe our reality. This paper contains results of an experimental study that was carried out on a sample of hundred students. The resulting data point to a conclusion that the application of integrated teaching activities gives better results with respect to the traditional model when it comes to the formation of mathematical terms. Moreover, it must be noted that a greater expression of psychological functions was achieved by the application of different didactical and methodological meth- ods and forms.
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Reports on the topic "Real-life biological samples"

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Süling, Jörg. Cruise No. AL528. GEOMAR, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/cr_al528.

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“Praktikum auf See” is a cruise planned for master students of the biological oceanography at GEOMAR-Kiel. The main purpose of the expedition is to engage students in the real ocean science and exposing them to the “research-life on the sea”. We are going to sample for different fauna and flora of the central and easterly Baltic to be able to track biodiversity changes along the salinity gradient. This year’s cruise is combined with the sampling for the Horizon 2020 Project “GoJelly” in which samples for ecological studies of gelatinous zooplankton will be taken (www.gojelly.eu).
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