Academic literature on the topic 'Real fluid model'
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Journal articles on the topic "Real fluid model"
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Kitrattana, Borirak, Satha Aphornratana, and Tongchana Thongtip. "One dimensional steam ejector model based on real fluid property." Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 25 (October 2021): 101016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2021.101016.
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Ionescu, C. M., I. R. Birs, D. Copot, C. I. Muresan, and R. Caponetto. "Mathematical modelling with experimental validation of viscoelastic properties in non-Newtonian fluids." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 378, no. 2172 (May 11, 2020): 20190284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0284.
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The paper proposes a mathematical framework for the use of fractional-order impedance models to capture fluid mechanics properties in frequency-domain experimental datasets. An overview of non-Newtonian (NN) fluid classification is given as to motivate the use of fractional-order models as natural solutions to capture fluid dynamics. Four classes of fluids are tested: oil, sugar, detergent and liquid soap. Three nonlinear identification methods are used to fit the model: nonlinear least squares, genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization. The model identification results obtained from experimental datasets suggest the proposed model is useful to characterize various degree of viscoelasticity in NN fluids. The advantage of the proposed model is that it is compact, while capturing the fluid properties and can be identified in real-time for further use in prediction or control applications. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advanced materials modelling via fractional calculus: challenges and perspectives’.
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Li, Chang He, Li Li Wang, and Guo Yu Liu. "Mathematical Model of Hydrodynamic Fluid Pressure on Smooth and Real Surface." Advanced Materials Research 135 (October 2010): 429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.135.429.
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Conventional method of flood delivering coolant fluid by a nozzle in order to achieve high process performance. However, hydrodynamic fluid pressure can be generated ahead of the contact zone due to the wedge effect between wheel peripheral surface and work surface. In the paper, theoretical hydrodynamic pressure modeling were presented for flow of coolant fluid through the grinding zone in flood delivery grinding using smooth and roughness surface grinding wheel respectively. The simulation results show that the hydrodynamic pressure was proportion to grinding wheel velocity, and inverse proportion to the minimum gap between wheel and work surface and the maximum pressure value was generated just in the minimum gap region in which higher fluid pressure gradient occuring. It can also be concluded the surface roughness of grinding wheel and workpiece makes the contact zone’s hydrodynamic pressure rough and unstable, i.e. the value curve considering roughness is not smooth, leading to the micro-elastohydrodynamic lubrication phenomenon.
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Jondahl, Morten Hansen, and Håkon Viumdal. "Developing ultrasonic soft sensors to measure rheological properties of non-Newtonian drilling fluids." tm - Technisches Messen 86, no. 12 (November 18, 2019): 744–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/teme-2019-0039.
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AbstractSurveillance of the rheological properties of drilling fluids is crucial when drilling oil wells. The prevailing standard is lab analysis. The need for automated real-time measurements is, however, clear.Ultrasonic measurements in non-Newtonian fluids have been shown to exhibit a non-linear relationship between the acoustic attenuation and rheological properties of the fluids. In this paper, three different fluid systems are examined. They are diluted to give a total of 33 fluid sets and their ultrasonic and rheological properties are measured. Machine learning models are applied to develop soft sensors that are capable of estimating the rheological properties based on the ultrasonic measurements. This study explores three different machine learning model types and, extensive training and tuning of the models is carried out. The best model types that show good results and the potential to develop a real-time sensor system suitable for use in oil & gas drilling process automation are selected.
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Xiong, Fansheng, and Wen-An Yong. "Learning stable seismic wave equations for porous media from real data." Geophysical Journal International 230, no. 1 (February 25, 2022): 349–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggac082.
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SUMMARY This work presents a machine-learning-based framework to determine unknown coefficients in seismic wave equations for porous media saturated with fluids by using real data as labels, which are velocities of P and S waves. The coefficients are functions of basic rock physics parameters. By using this framework, the trained neural networks incorporate certain mathematical and physical constraints on the coefficients. Working on a single-fluid model, we train the networks with synthetic as well as real data sets. The prediction results show that the learned model is inherently stable, has good physical properties and can accurately predict synthetic data as well as real logging data of shale reservoirs with relative mean square errors less than 5 per cent. They also demonstrate that the wave propagation phenomenon corresponding to the logging data can be well described with the single-fluid model.
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Chirkov, A. Yu, K. S. Egorov, K. B. Ganeev, and T. R. Zuev. "Model of a real cycle of a power installation with a real-gas working fluid." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1368 (November 2019): 042083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1368/4/042083.
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Wiśniowski, Rafał, Krzysztof Skrzypaszek, and Przemysław Toczek. "Vom Berg and Hahn–Eyring Drilling Fluid Rheological Models." Energies 15, no. 15 (August 1, 2022): 5583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155583.
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This article presents rheological models of fluids used in the drilling practice. It discusses the principles of determining drilling fluid rheological parameters based on data acquired from measurements by means of viscometers used in the drilling practice. The authors propose the application of the three-parameter Vom Berg and Hahn–Eyring models not used in the drilling industry so far. Necessary relationships have been developed for these models, which enable the determination of rheological parameters. In order to account for the influence of different flow conditions on the value of drilling fluid rheological parameters, the approach proposing the determination of rheological parameters of a given three-parameter model separately for low shear rates and high shear rates has been suggested. A practical application of the methodology proposed in this paper for determining the rheological parameters of the three-parameter Vom Berg and Hahn–Eyring models is presented using real drilling fluids as an example. Using the author’s methodology for determining the optimum rheological model, called Rheosolution, described earlier in the paper “Selection of Suitable Rheological Model for Drilling Fluid Using Applied Numerical Methods”, published in Energies 2020, 13, 3192, and laboratory tests performed for this work (for cement slurries according to API standards), a strong correlation of the Vom Berg model and, in particular, the Hahn–Eyring model for such drilling fluids was demonstrated.
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Bair, Scott, and Farrukh Qureshi. "The Generalized Newtonian Fluid Model and Elastohydrodynamic Film Thickness." Journal of Tribology 125, no. 1 (December 31, 2002): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1504086.
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The nature of real shear-thinning in elastohydrodynamic contacts is well-known from both experimental measurement and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics to follow a power-law. Shear-thinning will affect the film thickness when the Newtonian limit is low enough to occur in the inlet zone (less than about 1 MPa shear stress). Then kinetic theory tells us that film thinning should occur for molecular weight greater than 2000 kg/kmol. We present a review of generalized Newtonian models, flow curves for real lubricants and comparison of calculated and measured film thickness. The calculations utilize measurable liquid behavior, in contrast to most previous work.
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Yamada, M., and Y. Saiki. "Chaotic properties of a fully developed model turbulence." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 14, no. 5 (September 25, 2007): 631–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-14-631-2007.
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Abstract. Shell models of turbulence have been employed as toy models which, in their chaotic states, show statistical properties similar to real fluid turbulence, including Kolmogorov energy spectrum and intermittency. These models are interesting because, at the present stage, it is still quite difficult or almost impossible to study relations between those traditional statistical properties and the structure of the chaos underlying the real fluid turbulence because of huge dimension of the chaotic attractor. In this paper we will give a brief review on the chaotic properties of a shell model (GOY model), with emphasis on its Lyapunov spectrum and unstable periodic orbits, in relation to the Kolmogorov scaling law of the turbulence.
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Zhu, Guoming (George), and Xiang Chen. "Model-Based Engine Control." Mechanical Engineering 137, no. 12 (December 1, 2015): S2—S6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2015-dec-6.
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Abstract This article focuses on control-oriented engine modeling and model-based engine control techniques. The engine modeling research is centered on the engine combustion process. Multi-zone, three dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, with detailed chemical kinetics are able to precisely describe the thermodynamics, fluid and flow dynamics, heat transfer, and pollutant formation of the combustion process. The simplified one-dimensional combustion models have also been implemented into commercial codes such as GT-Power and Wave. However, these high fidelity models cannot be used for model-based control since they are too complicated to be used for real-time computing. Crank-resolved engine air handling system modeling is also important for describing the in-cylinder charge-mixing process. Therefore, for model-based control and real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulations, it is necessary to have a crank-resolved engine model with its complexity intermediate between the time-based mean-value and one-dimensional CFD models.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Real fluid model"
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Falkenby, Jesper Hansson. "Physically-based fluid-particle system using DirectCompute for use in real-time games." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för kreativa teknologier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5560.
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Context: Fluid-particle systems are seldom used in games, the apparent performance costs of simulating a fluid-particle system discourages the developer to implement a system of such. The processing power delivered by a modern GPU enables the developer to implement complex particle systems such as fluid-particle systems. Writing efficient fluid-particle systems is the key when striving for real-time fluid-particle simulations with good scalability. Objectives: This thesis ultimately tries to provide the reader with a well-performing and scalable fluid-particle system simulated in real-time using a great number of particles. The fluid-particle system implements two different fluid physics models for diversity and comparison purposes. The fluid-particle system will then be measured for each fluid physics model and provide results to educate the reader on how well the performance of a fluid-particle system might scale with the increase of active particles in the simulation. Finally, a performance comparison of the particle scalability is made by completely excluding the fluid physics calculations and simulate the particles using only gravity as an affecting force to be able to demonstrate how taxing the fluid physics calculations are on the GPU. Methods: The fluid-particle system has been run using different simulation scenarios, where each scenario is defined by the amount of particles being active and the dimensions of our fluid-particle simulation space. The performance results from each scenario has then been saved and put into a collection of results for a given simulation space. Results: The results presented demonstrate how well the fluid-particle system actually scales being run on a modern GPU. The system reached over a million particles while still running at an acceptable frame rate, for both of the fluid physics models. The results also shows that the performance is greatly reduced by simulating the particle system as a fluid-particle one, instead of only running it with gravity applied. Conclusions: With the results presented, we are able to conclude that fluid-particle systems scale well with the number of particles being active, while being run on a modern GPU. There are many optimizations to be done to be able to achieve a well-performing fluid-particle system, when developing fluid-particle system you should be wary of the many performance pitfalls that comes with it.Vätskebaserade partikelsystem används sällan inom realtidsspel. Dessa system är väldigt prestandakrävande, till den grad att de avskräcker utvecklare från att implementera dem i sina realtidsspel. GPGPU ger utvecklare möjligheten att implementera komplexa partikelsystem, såsom vätskepartikelsystem, och simulera dessa system i realtid. Den här uppsatsen utforskar två olika fysikmodeller som kan användas för vätskesimulering, och sedan utförs det prestandamätningar under varierande omständigheter. Baserat på dessa prestandamätningar så kan slutsatser dras om hur skalbart ett vätskepartikelsystem är, alltså hur prestandan sjunker i förhållande till antalet partiklar i systemet. Slutsatser som dras efter att samtliga mätningar har utförts är att dessa system har en god skalbarhet, men att det finns många prestandafallgropar man måste se upp för när man utvecklar ett vätskepartikelsystem.
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Jafari, Sajad. "Numerical Modelling of transcritical turbulent jets using a tabulated real-fluid approach." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPAST038.
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Dans cette thèse, un modèle de fluide réel entièrement compressible a été développé, dans lequel les caractéristiques diphasiques sont obtenues en utilisant une approche tabulée d'équilibre vapeur-liquide (VLE). Ce modèle de fluide réel multicomposant tabulé (RFM) est proposé pour surmonter la plupart des limitations et rendre les simulations de fluide réel abordables. Fondamentalement, le modèle RFM se compose de quatre équations d'équilibre : densité de masse, densité partielle des espèces, quantité de mouvement et énergie. Les propriétés thermodynamiques du mélange sont calculées en fonction de la température (T), de la pression (P) et des compositions (Y) sur la base de différentes équations d'état (EoS). Ce calcul est effectué à l'aide de la bibliothèque thermodynamique IFPEN-Carnot qui génère une table 3D avec (T,P,Y) comme entrées. Cette table de consultation est générée à l'aide d'un flash isotherme-isobarique (TPn) efficace sur le plan informatique, évitant ainsi le flash itératif isochore-isoénergétique (UVn) plus coûteux utilisé dans les travaux précédents. Il inclut spécifiquement différentes sorties thermodynamiques telles que la vitesse du son, la capacité thermique et les propriétés de transport. Le modèle RFM, ainsi que la méthode de tabulation 3D, a été implémenté dans le solveur CFD de CONVERGE. Toutes les propriétés thermiques et de transport sont interpolées linéairement en utilisant la mise à jour (T,P,Y) pendant la simulation. Tout d'abord, diverses études ont été faites pour le raffinement et la dépendance à la grille des tables thermodynamiques, en particulier près de la limite de la phase thermodynamique en utilisant des grilles uniformes et non uniformes. Ces études ont démontré que les grilles non uniformes, comme octree et quadtree, sont coûteuses par rapport à l'approche uniforme. Par conséquent, la tabulation uniforme couplée à la technique de mémoire partagée d'IFPEN s'est avérée être l'approche la plus appropriée pour la tabulation, pour les études industrielles ciblées. Ensuite, le présent travail a également étudié la robustesse et la précision du modèle RFM proposé et des méthodologies de tabulation en conjonction avec deux schémas numériques modifiés différents, un algorithme PISO modifié et un algorithme SIMPLE modifié, adaptés à l'approche actuelle de modélisation des fluides réels. Ensuite, le modèle RFM proposé a été appliqué avec succès à différentes applications universitaires et industrielles pour étudier les caractéristiques de l'évaporation/condensation classique sous-critique et du mélange transcritique. Parmi elles, deux cas d'essais industriels importants pour lesquels des résultats expérimentaux récents sont disponibles ont été simulés et analysés pour valider le modèle RFM.1- La simulation d'une injection cryogénique conventionnelle d'azote liquide coaxialement avec un jet d'hydrogène chaud a été réalisée en utilisant des tables thermodynamiques générées par deux équations d'état différentes : Peng-Robinson (PR) et Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK).2- Simulation de l'interaction entre la transition de phase et la dynamique des fluides turbulents pour des jets multi-espèces sous-critiques et supercritiques en utilisant différents modèles de turbulence, y compris des modèles de simulation de grands tourbillons (LES Sigma et Smagorinsky) ainsi qu'un modèle Navier-Stokes à moyenne de Reynolds (RANS K-ε).Les résultats numériques se sont révélés en bon accord avec les données expérimentales disponibles et les études numériques publiées. Enfin, les résultats numériques ont montré que la méthode de tabulation améliore l'efficacité de l'équilibre liquide-vapeur (VLE) pour la modélisation des fluides réels et fournit un moyen d'étudier et de comprendre la structure des interfaces liquide-gaz sous-critiques et transcritiques révélant les caractéristiques hydro-thermodynamiques du mélange de jets multicomposantsIn this thesis, a fully compressible real-fluid model has been developed, in which the two-phase characteristics are obtained using a tabulated vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) approach. This tabulated multicomponent real-fluid model (RFM) is proposed to overcome most limitations and make real-fluid simulations affordable. Basically, the RFM model consists of four balance equations: mass density, partial species density, momentum, and energy. The thermodynamic properties of the mixture are calculated as a function of temperature (T), pressure (P), and compositions(Y) based on different equations of state (EoS). This is carried out using the IFPEN-Carnot thermodynamic library which generates a 3D-table with (T,P,Y) as inputs. This look-up table is generated using a computationally efficient isothermal-isobaric (TPn)-flash, thereby avoiding the costlier iterative isochoric-isoenergetic (UVn)-flash employed in previous works. It specifically includes different thermodynamic outputs such as sound speed, heat capacity, and transport properties. The RFM model, along with the 3D tabulation method, has been implemented in the CONVERGE CFD solver. All thermal and transport properties are linearly interpolated using the updated (T,P,Y) during the simulation. First, various studies have been done for the refinement, and grid in-dependency of the thermodynamic tables, especially near the thermodynamic phase boundary using uniform and nonuniform grids. These studies have demonstrated that nonuniform grids, like octree and quadtree, is costly compared to the uniform approach. Therefore, uniform tabulation coupled with IFPEN's shared memory technique proved to be the most appropriate approach for tabulation, for the targeted industrial studies. Next, the present work has also investigated the robustness and accuracy of the proposed RFM model and the tabulation methodologies in conjunction with two different modified numerical schemes, a modified PISO and modified SIMPLE algorithms, adapted for the current real fluid modeling approach. Then, the proposed RFM model has been successfully applied to different academic and industrial applications to investigate subcritical classical evaporation/condensation and transcritical mixing characteristics. Among them, two industrially important test cases for which recent experimental results are available have been simulated and analyzed to validate the RFM model.1- Simulation of a conventional cryogenic injection of liquid nitrogen coaxially with a hot hydrogen jet was performed using thermodynamic tables generated by two different equations of state: Peng-Robinson (PR) and Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK).2- Simulation of the interaction between phase transition and turbulent fluid dynamics for subcritical and supercritical multi-species jets using different turbulence models including large-eddy simulations (LES Sigma and Smagorinsky) models as well as a Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS K-ε).The numerical results were found to be in good agreement with the available experimental data and published numerical studies, which also showed the relevance of the LES approach associ-ated with the Sigma model for these very complex two-phase flows. Finally, numerical results showed that the tabulation method improves the liquid-vapor equilibrium (VLE) efficiency for real fluid modeling and provides a mean to study and understand the structure of subcritical and transcritical liquid-gas interfaces revealing the hydro-thermodynamic characteristics of the multicomponent jet mixture
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Pasieka, Lucian. "The applicability of the mass-flow-model according to iso 6358 with the parameter critical conductance c and critical pressure ratio b for gases in high-pressure range up to 300 bar." Technische Universität Dresden, 2020. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71162.
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Mass flow models for gaseous media describe the relationship between gas flow through throttle elements depending on pressure, temperature and type of medium. These models are used to calculate pneumatic components, to simulate pneumatic systems or to plan facilities. The known flow models are verified for ideal gases, such those as according to ISO 6358-1 (International Standard ISO 6358- 1: pneumatic fluid power – Determination of flow-rate characteristics of components using compressible fluids: General rules and test methods for steady-state flow, 2013). But they fail with real gases, especially at higher pressures. The objective of this contribution is to recommend a simple-touse model for the mass flow calculation of real gases. The advantage of the C and b model is the use of only two parameters. A testbench for high pressure up to 300 bar was used for model verification with air and hydrogen. The Library for standard dry air and hydrogen up to 1000 bar was used for the state variables of the real gases. The parameters C and b are obtained, applied and verified in the state space of real gas. With the C and b parameter it is possible to simulate not only the single component (valve, throttle, nozzle and so on) but also the whole system with a complete system simulation, like such as hydrogen filling stations.
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Nakakita, Kunio. "Toward real-time aero-icing simulation using reduced order models." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99781.
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Even though the power of supercomputers has increased extraordinarily, there is still an insatiable need for more advanced multi-disciplinary CFD simulations in the aircraft analysis and design fields. A particular current interest is in the realistic three-dimensional fully viscous turbulent flow simulation of the highly non-linear aspects of aero-icing. This highly complex simulation is still computationally too demanding in industry, especially when several runs, such as parametric studies, are needed. In order to make such compute-intensive simulations more affordable, this work presents a reduced order modeling approach, based on the "Proper Orthogonal Decomposition", (POD), method to predict a wider swath of flow fields and ice shapes based on a limited number of "snapshots" obtained from complete high-fidelity CFD computations. The procedure of the POD approach is to first decompose the fields into modes, using a limited number of full-calculations snapshots, and then to reconstruct the field and/or ice shapes using those decomposed modes for other conditions, leading to reduced order calculations. The use of the POD technique drastically reduces the computational cost and can provide a more complete map of the performance degradation of an iced aircraft over a wide range of flight and weather conditions.
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Konstantinou, Apostolos. "Flow control techniques for real-time media applications in best-effort networks." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1085.
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Quality of Service (QoS) in real-time media applications is an area of current interest because of the increasing demand for audio/video, and generally multimedia applications, over best effort networks, such as the Internet. Media applications are transported using the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and tend to use a disproportionate amount of network bandwidth as they do not perform congestion or flow control. Methods for application QoS control are desirable to enable users to perceive a consistent media quality. This can be accomplished by either modifying current protocols at the transport layer or by implementing new control algorithms at the application layer irrespective of the protocol used at the transport layer. The objective of this research is to improve the QoS delivered to end-users in real-time applications transported over best-effort packet-switched networks. This is accomplished using UDP at the transport layer, along with adaptive predictive and reactive control at the application layer. An end-to-end fluid model is used, including the source buffer, the network and the destination buffer. Traditional control techniques, along with more advanced adaptive predictive control methods, are considered in order to provide the desirable QoS and make a best-effort network an attractive channel for interactive multimedia applications. The effectiveness of the control methods, is examined using a Simulink-based fluid-level simulator in combination with trace files extracted from the well-known network simulator ns-2. The results show that improvement in real-time applications transported over best-effort networks using unreliable transport protocols, such as UDP, is feasible. The improvement in QoS is reflected in the reduction of flow loss at the expense of flow dead-time increase or playback disruptions or both.
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Leung, Martin S. K. "A real-time near-optimal guidance approach for launch vehicles." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12022.
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Mohammad, Nopoush. "NON-EQUILIBRIUM HYDRODYNAMICS OF THE QUARK-GLUON PLASMA." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1554403936171225.
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Braga, Eduardo Rangel. "Estudo do Escoamento de Fluidos de Perfura??o em Dutos e em Regi?es Anulares." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2009. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1905.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil.
The need for technological advances in the operation of drilling wells for oil has encouraged the research and development of drilling fluids, like the study of the its flowing in different geometries. On this work is studied the flow of two drilling fluids in pipe and annular tube with the objective to evaluate rheological models that describe the fluid behavior, to characterize the flow regimes using the experimental method and compare with correlations found in literature, to evaluate equations of hydraulic diameter found in the literature, to evaluate correlations of friction factor in the turbulent regime and to propose new correlations for the friction factor in turbulent regime. The data are obtained in a pilot plant consisting of a system operating in closed circuit of 6 meters composed of horizontal tubes made of galvanized iron, arranged in three parallel lines of independent flows that allow the measurement of friction loss caused by a circular tube of 1" of diameter and by two ratios of concentric annular tubes (annulus formed by 2" and 3/4 "and 1 1/4" and 1/2"). The system consists of a tank with a capacity of 500 liters, with a mechanical stirrer, connected to a positive displacement pump of helical type with 25HP, operating with volumetric flow up to 20m3/h. The pilot plant is instrumented with a set of three transducers of pressure. The rheology of the fluid is evaluated with the aid of a FANN viscometer, model 35A. The rheological models used are the power law and Casson. The results show that the choice of equations of hydraulic diameter and friction factor are dependent on the geometry of flow and the rheological model used, showing that should be analyzed separately. The new correlations of friction factor for turbulent regime generate good results.
A necessidade de avan?os tecnol?gicos na opera??o de perfura??o de po?os de petr?leo tem incentivado a pesquisa e o desenvolvimento de fluidos de perfura??o, assim como o estudo do escoamento dos mesmos em geometrias distintas. Neste trabalho ? estudado o escoamento de dois fluidos de perfura??o em tubos e dutos anulares, com o objetivo de avaliar modelos reol?gicos que descrevam o comportamento do fluido, caracterizar os regimes de escoamento utilizando m?todo experimental e comparar com correla??es encontradas na literatura, avaliar equa??es de di?metro hidr?ulico encontradas na literatura, avaliar correla??es de fator de atrito no regime turbulento e propor novas correla??es para o fator de atrito no regime turbulento. Os dados s?o obtidos em uma unidade piloto constitu?da de um sistema operando em circuito fechado de 6 metros de extens?o horizontal composto de tubos de ferro galvanizado, dispostos em tr?s linhas paralelas de escoamento independentes que permitem a avalia??o da perda de carga ocasionada em um tubo circular de 1" de di?metro e em duas raz?es de anulares conc?ntricos (?nulo formado pelos tubos de 2" e 3/4", e 1 1/4" e ?"). O sistema ? composto de um tanque com capacidade de 500 litros, dotado de um agitador mec?nico, conectado a uma bomba de deslocamento positivo do tipo helicoidal de 25HP, operando com vaz?es de at? 20m3/h. A unidade piloto ? instrumentada com um conjunto de tr?s transdutores de press?o. A reologia do fluido ? avaliada com o aux?lio de um viscos?metro FANN, modelo 35A. Os modelos reol?gicos adotados s?o o da pot?ncia e Casson. Os resultados revelam que a escolha das equa??es de di?metro hidr?ulico e fator de atrito s?o dependentes da geometria do escoamento e do modelo reol?gico utilizado, devendo ser analisados separadamente. As novas correla??es de fator de atrito para o regime turbulento geram bons resultados.
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Apostolakou, Anastasia. "Models and parameters for real fluids in the SAFT-VR framework based on the Lennard-Jonesium and square well intermolecular potentials." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.498027.
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The Equations of State (EoSs) ranging from cubic equations to theoretically-based molecular models are of great practical application in the modeling of physical properties of real fluids In particular, the molecular EoSs based on statistical mechanics and supported by molecular simulations are of special interest due to their ability to represent the fluid properties using only a few substance-dependent parameters with physical meaning, in principle, statistical mechanics provide theories for calculating the thermodynamics and structure of a fluid given its Intermolecular potential function. The focus in this study is on Perturbation theories for chain molecules whose reference system constitutes non-bonded segments.
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Legendre, Daniel Formariz. "Estudo de comportamento de fluxo através de modelo físico e computacional de aneurisma de aorta infra-renal obtido por tomografia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3150/tde-26032009-174533/.
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Aneurisma de Aorta Abdominal (AAA) é definido como uma dilatação localizada e permanente da parede arterial, geralmente com ocorrência entre as artérias renais e as ilíacas, como conseqüência do enfraquecimento dessa parede ou devido a uma solicitação anormal sobre sua estrutura normal. Essa afecção acomete principalmente a população idosa acima de 65 anos de idade, tendo como principais fatores de risco: tabagismo, hipertensão arterial, histórico familiar e doença obstrutiva crônica pulmonar. A prevalência está aumentando nos últimos anos, havendo uma duplicação dos casos diagnosticados nos Estados Unidos (Bonamigo e Von Ristow, 1999). Hoje o AAA é a 13ª causa de morte nos Estados Unidos, em homens com mais de 65 anos e no caso de aneurisma roto, é a 3ª causa de morte súbita nos Estados Unidos. A mortalidade global do AAA roto está em torno de 80% nos países que têm verificação sistemática e compulsória da causa de óbitos. Isto ocorre devido ao fato de uma hemorragia substancial intra-abdominal geralmente ser acompanhada de atraso no transporte e diagnóstico, e da necessidade de cirurgia de emergência em pacientes idosos que, freqüentemente, tem uma significativa comorbidade renal e cardiopulmonar. Acredita-se que a formação e o crescimento do aneurisma de aorta abdominal são acompanhados do crescimento da tensão na parede da aorta e/ou de uma diminuição da capacidade do tecido de suportar tal tensão. A ruptura ocorre quando a tensão atuante na parede excede a tensão que pode ser suportada pelo tecido. O risco de ruptura aumenta com o crescimento do tamanho do aneurisma, da tensão na parede e é agravado quando associado à hipertensão arterial. No estudo foram obtidos dados morfológicos da região torácica de um paciente com a utilização de tomografia computadorizada multi-fatias. Essas imagens DICOM (Comunicação de Imagens Digitais em Medicina) foram tratadas para selecionar apenas a região de interesse, obtendo-se um modelo tridimensional da aorta infra-renal e artérias ilíacas. A partir daí, foi confeccionado um modelo físico com a utilização de prototipagem rápida. Um simulador cardiovascular controlado por computador foi desenvolvido com o intuito de replicar características fisiológicas e patológicas do sistema cardiovascular humano. Esse modelo de aneurisma foi utilizado para simulação em bancada experimental, onde é possível reproduzir alguns parâmetros como pressão, fluxo, temperatura, resistência e complacência vascular. Também foi gerado um modelo computacional onde os parâmetros obtidos na simulação in vitro foram utilizados como condição de contorno inicial para o estudo computacional. Foram adotados padrões normotenso e hipertenso, e os resultados computacionais e experimentais foram analisados e comparados. O trabalho propõe uma metodologia que possibilite a obtenção de dados anatômicos e hemodinâmicos relativos ao segmento arterial acometido pela afecção, com o objetivo de fornecer informações adicionais no diagnóstico do aneurisma de aorta.Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is defined as a focal and permanent dilatation of the arterial wall, most often occurring in between the renal and iliac arteries, as consequence of arterial wall weakness or because of an abnormal solicitation of that normal structure. This disease primarily affects elderly population over 65 years of age, and the most important risk factors are smoking, hypertension, family history and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In the last years, the prevalence is rising up almost twice the diagnosed cases in the United States (Bonamigo and Von Ristow, 1999). Nowadays, AAA is the thirtieth cause of death in the United States, in the elderly masculine population over 65 years of age, and in case of ruptured aneurysm, it is the third cause of sudden death in the United States. The overall mortality rate is about 80% in countries with systematic and compulsory evaluation of death cause. This is due to the fact that substantial intra-abdominal hemorrhage is often accompanied by delays in transport and diagnoses, and the need for emergency surgery in elderly patients that frequently have significant renal and cardiopulmonary comorbidity. It is suggested that the formation and expansion of the AAA are accompanied by wall stress increasing and / or decreasing in the tissue capacity to withstand this stress. The rupture occurs when the wall stress exceed the stress the tissue can accept. The risk of rupture increases with aneurysm expansion, wall stress increasing and it is exacerbated when associated with arterial hypertension. In the present work, morphological data from thoracic region of the patient was acquired by using multi-slice CT (Computed Tomography). These DICOM images had been treated to select only the interest region, getting a three-dimensional infra-renal aortic and iliac model. Then, it was made a physical model by using rapid prototyping. This model was used for in vitro experimentation in a computer controlled mock system, in which it is possible to replicate physiological and pathological characteristics of human being cardiovascular system. Some parameters such as pressure, flow, temperature, vascular resistance and compliance can be reproduced by the use of a mock circulatory system. These parameters were used as initial boundary conditions in order to calibrate a computational model. It was adopted normotensive and hypertensive patterns and computational and experimental results were analyzed and compared. The paper proposes a methodology which allows the acquisition of anatomical and hemodynamic data on the vessel segment affected by the pathology, with the goal of providing additional information in the diagnosis of aortic aneurysm.
Books on the topic "Real fluid model"
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Delaney, Anthony. Physiology of body fluids. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0068.
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An understanding of the physiology of body fluids is essential when considering appropriate fluid resuscitation and fluid replacement therapy in critically-ill patients. In healthy humans, the body is composed of approximately 60% water, distributed between intracellular and an extracellular compartments. The extracellular compartment is divided into intravascular, interstitial and transcellular compartments. The movement of fluids between the intravascular and interstitial compartments, is classically described as being governed by Starling forces, leading to a small net efflux of fluid from the intravascular to the interstitial compartment. More recent evidence suggests that a model incorporating the effect of the endothelial glycoclayx layer, a web of glycoproteins and proteoglycans that are bound on the luminal side of the vascular endothelium, better explains the observed distribution of fluids. The movement of fluid to and from the intracellular compartment and the interstitial fluid compartment, is governed by the relative osmolarities of the two compartments. Body fluid status is governed by the difference between fluid inputs and outputs; fluid input is regulated by the thirst mechanism, with fluid outputs consisting of gastrointestinal, renal, and insensible losses. The regulation of intracellular fluid status is largely governed by the regulation of the interstitial fluid osmolarity, which is regulated by the secretion of antidiuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary gland. The regulation of extracellular volume status is regulated by a complex neuro-endocrine mechanism, designed to regulate sodium in the extracellular fluid.
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Raghunathan, Karthik, and Andrew Shaw. Crystalloids in critical illness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0057.
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‘Crystalloid’ refers to solutions of crystalline substances that can pass through a semipermeable membrane and are distributed widely in body fluid compartments. The conventional Starling model predicts transvascular exchange based on the net balance of opposing hydrostatic and oncotic forces. Based on this model, colloids might be considered superior resuscitative fluids. However, observations of fluid behaviour during critical illness are not consistent with such predictions. Large randomized controlled studies have consistently found that colloids offer no survival advantage relative to crystalloids in critically-ill patients. A revised Starling model describes a central role for the endothelial glycocalyx in determining fluid disposition. This model supports crystalloid utilization in most critical care settings where the endothelial surface layer is disrupted and lower capillary pressures (hypovolaemia) make volume expansion with crystalloids effective, since transvascular filtration decreases, intravascular retention increases and clearance is significantly reduced. There are important negative consequences of both inadequate and excessive crystalloid resuscitation. Precise dosing may be titrated based on functional measures of preload responsiveness like pulse pressure variation or responses to manoeuvres such as passive leg raising. Crystalloids have variable electrolyte concentrations, volumes of distribution, and, consequently variable effects on plasma pH. Choosing balanced crystalloid solutions for resuscitation may be potentially advantageous versus ‘normal’ (isotonic, 0.9%) saline solutions. When used as the primary fluid for resuscitation, saline solutions may have adverse effects in critically-ill patients secondary to a reduction in the strong ion difference and hyperchloraemic, metabolic acidosis. Significant negative effects on immune and renal function may result as well.
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Eimanis, Mārcis. Usage of Double-Helical Propulsion Principle in Underwater Vehicles. RTU Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/9789934227370.
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The Thesis describes a new underwater vehicle propulsion type developed by the author. Flow and vehicle interaction dynamics are studied, and factors impacting the flow, control methods and the ability to move in other media (in addition to fluid) are reviewed. A geometry of the propulsion system was created by studying its hydrodynamic properties using special CFD software. A mathematical model for the control system was created. The dynamics of the underwater vehicle were modelled with the multibody dynamics modelling software MSC Adams, using the developed control system and the water resistance model developed with CFD software. Flow dynamics were combined with multibody mechanism dynamics using the metamodeling and numerical experiment approach. Numerical experiments in bulk or granular media were performed using the discrete element method, simulating the vehicle movement using the EDEM software. Within the framework of the Thesis, a prototype of the model was also created for observing the model behaviour in real-life conditions. High-quality and good fit results were obtained from the mathematical model and the physical prototype dynamics, proving the performance of both the new propulsion principle and the control system.
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Ostermann, Marlies, and Ruth Y. Y. Wan. Diuretics in critical illness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0058.
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Fluid overload and chronic hypertension are the most common indications for diuretics. The diuretic response varies between different types and depends on underlying renal function. In patients with congestive heart failure, diuretics appear to reduce the risk of death and worsening heart failure compared with placebo, but their use in acute decompensated heart failure is questionable. Diuretics are also widely used in chronic kidney disease to prevent or control fluid overload, and treat hypertension. In acute kidney injury, there is no evidence that they improve renal function, speed up recovery, or change mortality. In patients with chronic liver disease and large volume ascites, paracentesis is more effective and associated with fewer adverse events than diuretic therapy, but maintenance treatment with diuretics is indicated to prevent recurrence of ascites. Mannitol has a role in liver patients with cerebral oedema and normal renal function. The use of diuretics in rhabdomyolysis is controversial and restricted to patients who are not fluid deplete. In conditions associated with resistant oedema (chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, chronic liver disease), combinations of diuretics with different modes of action may be necessary. Diuresis is easier to achieve with a continuous furosemide infusion compared with intermittent boluses, but there is no evidence of better outcomes. The role of combination therapy with albumin in patients with fluid overload and severe hypoalbuminaemia is uncertain with conflicting data.
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Dhaun, Neeraj, and David J. Webb. Endothelins and their antagonists in chronic kidney disease. Edited by David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0114_update_001.
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The endothelins (ETs) are a family of related peptides of which ET-1 is the most powerful endogenous vasoconstrictor and the predominant isoform in the cardiovascular and renal systems. The ET system has been widely implicated in both cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD). ET-1 contributes to the pathogenesis and maintenance of hypertension and arterial stiffness, as well endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. By reversal of these effects, ET antagonists, particularly those that block ETA receptors, may reduce cardiovascular risk. In CKD patients, antagonism of the ET system may be of benefit in improving renal haemodynamics and reducing proteinuria, effects seen both in animal models and in some human studies. Data suggest a synergistic role for ET receptor antagonists with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in lowering blood pressure, reducing proteinuria, and in animal models in slowing CKD progression. However, in clinical trials, fluid retention or cardiac failure has caused concern and these agents are not yet ready for general use for risk reduction in CKD.
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Delgado Martín, Jordi, Andrea Muñoz-Ibáñez, and Ismael Himar Falcón-Suárez. 6th International Workshop on Rock Physics: A Coruña, Spain 13 -17 June 2022: Book of Abstracts. 2022nd ed. Servizo de Publicacións da UDC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/spudc.000005.
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[Abstract] The 6th International Workshop on Rock Physics (6IWRP) was held A Coruña, Spain, between 13th and 17th of June, 2022. This meeting follows the track of the five successful encounters held in Golden (USA, 2011), Southampton (UK, 2013), Perth (Australia, 2015), Trondheim (Norway, 2017) and Hong Kong (China, 2019). The aim of the workshop was to bring together experiences allowing to illustrate, discuss and exchange recent advances in the wide realm of rock physics, including theoretical developments, in situ and laboratory scale experiments as well as digital analysis. While rock physics is at the core of the oil & gas industry applications, it is also essential to enable the energy transition challenge (e.g. CO2 and H2 storage, geothermal), ensure a safe and adequate use of natural resources and develop efficient waste management strategies. The topics of 6IWRP covered a broad spectrum of rock physics-related research activities, including: • Experimental rock physics. New techniques, approaches and applications; Characterization of the static and dynamic properties of rocks and fluids; Multiphysics measurements (NMR, electrical resistivity…); Deep/crustal scale rock physics. • Modelling and multiscale applications: from the lab to the field. Numerical analysis and model development; Data science applications; Upscaling; Microseismicity and earthquakes; Subsurface stresses and tectonic deformations. • Coupled phenomena and rock properties: exploring interactions. Anisotropy; Flow and fractures; Temperature effects; Rock-fluid interaction; Fluid and pressure effects on geophysical signatures. • The energy transition challenge. Applications to energy storage (hydrogen storage in porous media), geothermal resources, energy production (gas hydrates), geological utilization and storage of CO2, nuclear waste disposal. • Rock physics templates: advances and applications. Quantitative assessment; Applications to reser voir characterization (role of seismic wave anisotropy and fracture networks). • Advanced rock physics tools. Machine learning; application of imaging (X-ray CT, X-ray μCT, FIB-SEM…) to obtain rock proper ties. This book compiles more than 50 abstracts, summarizing the works presented in the 6IWRP by rock physicists from all over the world, belonging to both academia and industry. This book means an updated overview of the rock physics research worldwide.
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Ali, Syed A., Leonard Kalfayan, and Carl T. Montgomery. Acid Stimulation. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/9781613994269.
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Stimulation of oil, gas, and injection wells with acid is almost as old as the petroleum engineering industry itself. Acid Stimulation, ensures a comprehensive and up-to-the-minute presentation by 19 subject matter experts, all at the forefront of the development of acidizing technology. Each chapter delivers an authoritative presentation of the key areas of Acid Stimulation, providing an important resource for anyone who designs, analyzes, and/or improves acidizing treatments. Acid Stimulation includesA concise review of the tremendous amount of information that has been gathered on the subject since the introduction of the first patents 100 years ago.A summary of the mechanisms that cause formation damage and how to quantify that damage.A summary of the chemistry, reaction kinetics, and methods of measurement of reactive fluids.The latest design information and philosophies for both carbonate and sandstone acidizing.Coverage of diversion, acid additives, and acid corrosion control included.Includes guidelines for treatment evaluation and real-time diagnostics.The latest models and measurement techniques for the prediction of acid fracture conductivity, rock dissolution, worm-holing fluid loss, and acid transport.Current practices in acid treatment safety, quality control, and protection of the environment.Many of the sections are supplemented with problem sets to reinforce concepts.
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Jörres, Achim, Dietrich Hasper, and Michael Oppert. Non-dialytic management of the patient with acute kidney injury. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0228.
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The main focus in the non-dialytic management of patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) is the prevention and treatment of complications.Nutritional support is an important aspect as many patients tend to be hypercatabolic, thus requiring adequate caloric intake, yet without administration of excessive fluid volumes. Inadequate nutrition in AKI may lead to enhanced production of urea nitrogen and azotaemia. However, hyperglycaemia is a frequent complication in these patients, often requiring continuous insulin therapy to achieve the recommended blood glucose target range of 110–150 mg/dL (6.11–8.33 mmol/L).Patients with AKI are prone to infections which are a common cause of death in this population. Careful search for and intensive treatment of infections is therefore of utmost importance, and antimicrobial chemotherapy must be initiated as early as possible, especially in patients with sepsis and AKI.Drug dosing in patients with AKI is complex and difficult. Residual kidney function can be highly variable and drug disposition may be altered due to changes in distribution volume, protein binding, and metabolism. Moreover, many drugs can be removed by renal replacement therapy (RRT). Therefore, adequate dosing must take into account the patient’s individual clinical characteristics, the specific pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, and the mode and intensity of renal replacement therapy.
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SINGH, Dr ANIMESH, Dr BHAWNA CHOUDHARY, and Dr MANISHA GUPTA. TRANSFORMING BUSINESS THROUGH DIGITALIZATION. KAAV PUBLICATIONS, DELHI, INDIA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52458/9789391842390.2021.eb.
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The theme of this book “Transforming Business through Digitization‖ was chosen due to its relevance in the contemporary globalized world. The world is witnessing the pace of change of digitalization like never before the similar trend will be seen in future too. With integration of value chains and supply chains becoming a global imperative, the contribution of IT enabled services and digitalization has had great impact on Tran‘s nationalisation of businesses. The responsiveness in the value chains and in the larger supply chains will be the key to increasing the market share in future. The application of Artificial Intelligence has helped the stakeholders in value chains and supply chains in making informed & quick decisions. This has been made possible due to integrated and well organized businesses linkages leading to better storage, access and management of data. The increase digitalization and ability to track and capture data at different nodes in the value chain and supply chain will help the marketers understand the impact of various variables on the sales performance of various brands. The marketers have to work of ways to convince the stakeholders about the privacy of the data. In future there is a possibility of mixing compete data privacy with fluid artificial intelligence across the supply chain making business processes easier using the technology of block chains. The most important contribution of the digitalization in the supply chain may be seen in the area of sustainability and green initiatives. The may be made possible by the way of assessing the levels of reduction in exploitative and polluting systems and processes and making progressive modifications in those systems and processes. The book- ―transforming business through digitization‖ is an attempt to record Innovative and novel manuscripts, research-based articles, case studies, conceptual outcome-oriented business models, and practices from the innovative minds of researchers and academicians. The book encompasses twenty-four chapters with research-based perspectives in the area of e-commerce, digital governance, digital transaction platforms, business analytics, and digitalization in agriculture, digital marketing, block chain, nuero marketing, search engine marketing, UPIs, Search Engine Marketing, Digi-preneurship, and digital finance. The book can be read as a compendium of readings of digitization of business and industry.
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Rodrigues-Moura, Enrique, ed. Letras na América Portuguesa : autores – textos – leitores. University of Bamberg Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irb-50063.
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Os textos produzidos na denominada América Portuguesa (1500-1822) abrangem os mais variados campos das letras ocidentais – lírica, épica, dramaturgia, historiografia, epistolografia, parenética, lexicografia, etc. – e seguem um modelo retórico-poético e teológico-político comum, próprio das Letras do Ancien Régime. Manuscritos e impressos escritos em várias línguas (português, principalmente, mas também em latim, castelhano, francês, italiano, tupi-guarani, língua geral, etc.), por um número de autores considerável (Pero Vaz de Caminha, José de Anchieta, Antônio Vieira, Francisco Manuel de Melo, Gregório de Matos, Manoel Botelho de Oliveira, Sebastião da Rocha Pita, Basílio da Gama, Antônio da Costa Peixoto, Francisco Alves de Sousa, etc.), corriam com avidez entre os leitores. São justamente esses textos, esses autores e esses leitores os que conformam o sistema cultural das Letras na América Portuguesa. A historiografia brasileira, portuguesa e inclusive internacional tem se debruçado há já vários decênios no estudo dos Estados do Brasil e do Maranhão e Grão-Pará, tanto de um ponto de vista micro-histórico como macro-histórico, salientando-se nos últimos tempos a sua relação com o resto do mundo, no âmbito próprio da global history. Nos últimos decênios, ao mesmo tempo, a literatura vem perdendo, paulatinamente, o seu poder de conhecimento legitimador das elites culturais de uma nação. Esse esquecido «Parnaso Brasileiro» mantinha, no entanto, um fluido diálogo cultural com Lisboa assim como com outras cidades europeias, diálogo esse que os processos de formação das literaturas exclusivamente nacionais, brasileira e/ou portuguesa, vieram apagar ou até mesmo ignorar. No espaço hermenêutico próprio dos Atlantic Studies, recuperam-se, neste livro, as Letras escritas e lidas na América Portuguesa, estudam-se seus autores, interpretam-se textos escolhidos e indaga-se tanto sobre seus primeiros leitores, como sobre seus leitores de ontem e de hoje. Um conjunto de docentes do Brasil, de Portugal, da Alemanha e da Espanha discute textos de Vaz de Caminha, Ambrósio Fernandes Brandão, Antônio Vieira, Botelho de Oliveira, Basílio da Gama, Antônio da Costa Peixoto e Santa Rita Durão, entre outros. Die in der sogenannten »América Portuguesa« (1500-1822) entstandenen Texte gehören zu verschiedensten Diskursformen der westlichen Literatur und Kultur: Lyrik, Epik, Dramaturgie, Historiographie, Epistolographie, Homiletik, Lexikographie usw. Sie folgen einem gemeinsamen rhetorisch-poetischen und theologisch-politischen Modell, das charakteristisch für die Texte des Ancien Régime war. Manuskripte und Drucke in verschiedenen Sprachen (hauptsächlich Portugiesisch, aber auch Latein, Spanisch, Französisch, Italienisch, Tupi-Guarani, Língua Geral etc.) von einer beachtlichen Anzahl von Autoren (Pero Vaz de Caminha, José de Anchieta, Antônio Vieira, Francisco Manuel de Melo, Gregório de Matos, Manoel Botelho de Oliveira, Sebastião da Rocha Pita, Basílio da Gama, Antônio da Costa Peixoto, Francisco Alves de Sousa usw.) fanden eine umfassende Leserschaft. All diese Elemente - Texte, Autoren und Leserschaft – bilden das System der »Letras« in der »América Portuguesa«. Die brasilianische, portugiesische und sogar die internationale Geschichtsschreibung konzentriert sich seit mehreren Jahrzehnten auf das Studium der Kolonialstaaten Brasil und Maranhão e Grão-Pará sowohl aus mikro- als auch aus makrohistorischer Sicht. Gleichzeitig verliert die Literatur in den letzten Jahrzehnten allmählich die Funktion, das Wissen der kulturellen Eliten einer Nation zu legitimieren. Der aktuell wenig beachtete »Parnaso Brasileiro« unterhielt einen intensiven kulturellen Dialog mit Lissabon wie auch mit anderen europäischen Städten, einen Dialog, der der Ausbildung ausschließlich nationaler Literaturen, brasilianischer und/oder portugiesischer, wenig Stellenwert einräumte oder sie sogar ignorierte. Im hermeneutischen Raum, den die Atlantic Studies eröffnen, erschließt dieses Buch die in der »América Portuguesa« geschriebenen und gelesenen Texte, beschäftigt sich mit ihren Autoren, interpretiert ausgewählte Texte und fragt nach ihren ersten Lesern sowie nach ihren Leserinnen und Lesern gestern und heute. Eine Gruppe von Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern aus Brasilien, Portugal, Deutschland und Spanien diskutiert Texte u.a. von Vaz de Caminha, Ambrósio Fernandes Brandão, Antônio Vieira, Botelho de Oliveira, Basílio da Gama, Antônio da Costa Peixoto und Santa Rita Durão. The texts produced in the so-called “América Portuguesa” (1500-1822) cover the most varied fields of Western Literature and Culture – lyric, epic, dramaturgy, historiography, epistolography, homiletics, lexicography, etc. – and follow a common rhetorical-poetic and theological-political model, typical for the Ancien Régime. Manuscripts and prints were written in various languages (Portuguese, mainly, but also Latin, Spanish, French, Italian, Tupi-Guarani, Língua Geral, etc.), by a considerable number of authors (Pero Vaz de Caminha, José de Anchieta, Antônio Vieira, Francisco Manuel de Melo, Gregório de Matos, Manoel Botelho de Oliveira, Sebastião da Rocha Pita, Basílio da Gama, Antônio da Costa Peixoto, Francisco Alves de Sousa, etc.) found a broad reception by readers. Precisely, these texts, these authors and these readers constituted the literary system in the “América Portuguesa”. Brazilian, Portuguese, and even international historiography has focused for several decades on the study of the colonial states Brasil and Maranhão e Grão-Pará, both from a micro-historical and macro-historical point of view, emphasizing recently their relationship with the rest of the world in the context of global history. Currently, literature is gradually losing its power of legitimising knowledge of the cultural elites of a nation. This forgotten “Parnaso Brasileiro” maintained, however, a fluid cultural dialogue with Lisbon as well as with other European cities, a dialogue that the formation of exclusively national literatures, Brazilian and/or Portuguese, came to neglect or even ignore. In the hermeneutic space opened up by the Atlantic Studies, this book deals with texts written and read in the “América Portuguesa”, studies its authors, interprets selected works and inquires both about its first readers and about its readers yesterday and today. A group of scholars from Brazil, Portugal, Germany and Spain discusses texts by Vaz de Caminha, Ambrósio Fernandes Brandão, Antônio Vieira, Botelho de Oliveira, Basílio da Gama, Antônio da Costa Peixoto and Santa Rita Durão, among others.
Book chapters on the topic "Real fluid model"
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Zhai, Zhiqiang. "Model Real Problems." In Computational Fluid Dynamics for Built and Natural Environments, 27–49. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9820-0_2.
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Kondratieva, Polina, Kai Bürger, Joachim Georgii, and Rüdiger Westermann. "Real-Time Approaches for Model-Based PIV and Visual Fluid Analysis." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 257–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01106-1_26.
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Flora, Barbara, Paolo Di Nardo, Francesco Maria Passali, Mariapia Guerrieri, and Stefano Di Girolamo. "Computational Fluid Dynamics: Is It Possible to Produce a Real Model of the Nasal Flux?" In Atrophic Rhinitis, 89–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51705-2_8.
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Kuetemeier, Dennis, and Amsini Sadiki. "Modeling and Simulation of a Turbulent Multi-component Two-phase Flow Involving Phase Change Processes Under Supercritical Conditions." In Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications, 189–209. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09008-0_10.
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AbstractThe present paper aims at developing a generally valid, consistent numerical description of a turbulent multi-component two-phase flow that experiences processes that may occur under both subcritical and trans-critical or supercritical operating conditions. Within an appropriate LES methodology, focus is put on an Euler-Eulerian method that includes multi-component mixture properties along with phase change process. Thereby, the two-phase flow fluid is considered as multi-component mixtures in which the real fluid properties are accounted for by a composite Peng-Robinson (PR) equation of state (EoS), so that each phase is governed by its own PR EoS. The suggested numerical modelling approach is validated while simulating the disintegration of an elliptic jet of supercritical fluoroketone injected into a helium environment. Qualitative and quantitative analyses are carried out. The results show significant coupled effect of the turbulence and the thermodynamic on the jet disintegration along with the mixing processes. Especially, comparisons between the numerical predictions and available experimental data provided in terms of penetration length, fluoroketone density, and jet spreading angle outline good agreements that attest the performance of the proposed model at elevated pressures and temperatures. Further aspects of transcritical jet flow case as well as comparison with an Eulerian-Lagrangian approach which is extended to integrate the arising effects of vanishing surface tension in evolving sprays are left for future work.
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Haidn, Oskar J., Nikolaus A. Adams, Rolf Radespiel, Thomas Sattelmayer, Wolfgang Schröder, Christian Stemmer, and Bernhard Weigand. "Collaborative Research for Future Space Transportation Systems." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 1–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53847-7_1.
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Abstract This chapter book summarizes the major achievements of the five topical focus areas, Structural Cooling, Aft-Body Flows, Combustion Chamber, Thrust Nozzle, and Thrust-Chamber Assembly of the Collaborative Research Center (Sonderforschungsbereich) Transregio 40. Obviously, only sample highlights of each of the more than twenty individual projects can be given here and thus the interested reader is invited to read their reports which again are only a summary of the entire achievements and much more information can be found in the referenced publications. The structural cooling focus area included results from experimental as well as numerical research on transpiration cooling of thrust chamber structures as well as film cooling supersonic nozzles. The topics of the aft-body flow group reached from studies of classical flow separation to interaction of rocket plumes with nozzle structures for sub-, trans-, and supersonic conditions both experimentally and numerically. Combustion instabilities, boundary layer heat transfer, injection, mixing and combustion under real gas conditions and in particular the investigation of the impact of trans-critical conditions on propellant jet disintegration and the behavior under trans-critical conditions were the subjects dealt with in the combustion chamber focus area. The thrust nozzle group worked on thermal barrier coatings and life prediction methods, investigated cooling channel flows and paid special attention to the clarification and description of fluid-structure-interaction phenomena I nozzle flows. The main emphasis of the focal area thrust-chamber assembly was combustion and heat transfer investigated in various model combustors, on dual-bell nozzle phenomena and on the definition and design of three demonstrations for which the individual projects have contributed according to their research field.
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Hankin, B. G., and K. J. Beven. "Towards Risk-Based Prediction in Real-World Applications of Complex Hydraulic Models." In Computational Fluid Dynamics, 461–86. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470015195.ch17.
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Sonnenberg, Christian, Christian Huemer, Birgit Hofreiter, Dieter Mayrhofer, and Alessio Braccini. "The REA-DSL: A Domain Specific Modeling Language for Business Models." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 252–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21640-4_20.
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Traxinger, Christoph, Julian Zips, Christian Stemmer, and Michael Pfitzner. "Numerical Investigation of Injection, Mixing and Combustion in Rocket Engines Under High-Pressure Conditions." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 209–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53847-7_13.
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Abstract The design and development of future rocket engines severely relies on accurate, efficient and robust numerical tools. Large-Eddy Simulation in combination with high-fidelity thermodynamics and combustion models is a promising candidate for the accurate prediction of the flow field and the investigation and understanding of the on-going processes during mixing and combustion. In the present work, a numerical framework is presented capable of predicting real-gas behavior and nonadiabatic combustion under conditions typically encountered in liquid rocket engines. Results of Large-Eddy Simulations are compared to experimental investigations. Overall, a good agreement is found making the introduced numerical tool suitable for the high-fidelity investigation of high-pressure mixing and combustion.
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Brunn, A., and W. Nitsche. "Drag Reduction of an Ahmed Car Model by Means of Active Separation Control at the Rear Vehicle Slant." In New Results in Numerical and Experimental Fluid Mechanics V, 249–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-33287-9_31.
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Jakirlic, S., L. Kutej, D. Hanssmann, B. Basara, T. Schütz, and C. Tropea. "Rear-End Shape Influence on the Aerodynamic Properties of a Realistic Car Model: A RANS and Hybrid LES/RANS Study." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 397–407. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27279-5_35.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Real fluid model"
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Lee, Jaewoo, Kieu-My Phan, Xiaozhe Gu, Jiyeon Lee, Arvind Easwaran, Insik Shin, and Insup Lee. "MC-Fluid: Fluid Model-Based Mixed-Criticality Scheduling on Multiprocessors." In 2014 IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rtss.2014.32.
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Andersson, Magnus, Bengt Johansson, Anders Hultqvist, and Christof Noehre. "A Predictive Real Time NOx Model for Conventional and Partially Premixed Diesel Combustion." In Powertrain & Fluid Systems Conference and Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2006-01-3329.
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Stetina, Josef, Michal Brezina, Lubomir Klimes, and Tomas Mauder. "The real-time macro-solidification macro model for crack prediction." In 38TH MEETING OF DEPARTMENTS OF FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5114771.
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Cheng, Gary, and Richard Farmer. "Development of Linearized Real-Fluid Model in Simulating Spray Combustion Flows." In 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2005-735.
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Cheng, Gary, and Richard Farmer. "Development of Efficient Real-Fluid Model in Simulating Liquid Rocket Injector Flows." In 39th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2003-4466.
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Mesit, Jaruwan, and Ratan K. Guha. "Experimenting with real time simulation parameters for fluid model of soft bodies." In the 2010 Spring Simulation Multiconference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1878537.1878702.
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He, Jian, Xi Chen, Zhangye Wang, Ke Yan, Chen Cao, and Qunsheng Peng. "A new adaptive model for real-time fluid simulation with complex boundaries." In 2009 11th IEEE International Conference on Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics (CAD/Graphics). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cadcg.2009.5246934.
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Cravero, Carlo, and Antonio Satta. "A CFD Model for Real Gas Flows." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0518.
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Numerical solutions of Navier-Stokes equations are nowadays widely used for several industrial applications in different fields (aerodynamic, propulsion, naval, combustion, etc..), but the solution methods still require significant improvements especially in two aspects: turbulence modeling and fluid modeling. The paper describes in some detail a real fluid model based on Redlich-Kwong-Aungier equation of state and its implementation into a Navier-Stokes solver developed by the authors for turbomachinery flows analysis.
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Liermann, Matthias, Christian Feller, and Florian Lindinger. "Real-Time Simulation of Fluid Power Systems." In ASME/BATH 2021 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2021-70304.
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Abstract System-simulations involving fluid-power structures often result in numerically stiff model equations which may require prohibitively small simulation time steps when being tackled with a fixed-step solver. This poses a challenge in situations where real-time performance is required. This paper presents a practical rule-of-thumb to estimate the maximum permissible step-size for a given fluid power system and explains the influence of the relevant physical quantities on the step size requirement in simple terms. A categorization of methods suitable to relax the step-size requirement is proposed. Many research papers have been produced about methods and examples of how to improve real-time performance of fluid power systems, or stiff systems in general. The proposed categorization can be seen as a map for the simulation engineer to understand the basic point-of-attacks for the real-time simulation problem.
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Fialka, M., and H. Charvátová. "A DIFFUSION MODEL OF BATH WASHING EXTRACTION OF A POROUS MATERIAL AND AN EVALUATION OF ITS CONFORMITY WITH THE REAL PROCESS." In Topical Problems of Fluid Mechanics 2016. Institute of Thermomechanics, AS CR, v.v.i., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/tpfm.2016.006.
Full textReports on the topic "Real fluid model"
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Uyehara, Catherine F. T. Vasopressin Regulation and Renal Fluid and Electrolyte Handling in Rat Model of Acute and Chronic Alcohol Exposure. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada412845.
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Uyehara, Catherine F. Vasopressin Regulation and Renal Fluid and Electrolyte Handling in Rat Models of Acute and Chronic alcohol Exposure. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada436890.
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Uyehara, Catherine F. Vasopressin Regulation and Renal Fluid and Electrolyte Handling in Rat Models of Acute and Chronic Alcohol Exposure. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada398255.
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