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1
Reddy, Dr T. Koti. "Progress of Real Estate Sector in India." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 1 (October 1, 2011): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/jan2013/11.
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Aggarwal, Tanu, and Priya Solomon. "A study on the mediating effect of residential loans on total real estate loans of banks in India." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 37, no. 5 (August 5, 2019): 455–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-03-2019-0034.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of residential and commercial loans on total real estate sector loans by using partial least square–structured equation modelling (PL–SEM) method. The residential loans as a mediator have been used to know the mediation effect between commercial and total real estate loans of banks in India. The residential loans as a mediator govern the relationship between commercial loans and total real estate loans in India. Real estate sector development is a lucrative opportunity for India. The real estate sector plays a major role in shaping economic conditions of the individuals, firms and family. Design/methodology/approach The research is descriptive in nature. The study on residential loans, commercial loans and total real estate loans has been taken into consideration, and on the other hand the measurement and structural model have been employed to the study the impact of residential loans and commercial loans on total real estate loans in India by using PL–SEM. The residential loans as a mediator have been taken to study the mediation effect of the relationship between commercial loans and total real estate loans in India. Findings The outcome of the structural model that is bootstrapping technique shows that there is an impact of residential and commercial loans by public and private sector banks on total real estate sector development in India. The residential loans show the full mediation effect between commercial loans and total real estate loans as the value of variation accounted for (VAF) is more than 1.93 which shows residential loans govern the nature of variable between commercial loans and total real estate loans. Practical implications The public and private sector banks are contributing to the real estate sector development in India which increases the economic growth of the country. The mediation analysis shows that residential loans are an important aspect between commercial and total real estate loans in India as the demand for residential housing is more in India. The increasing role of banks in the real estate sector strengthens the financial capability in the real estate sector market, and the property buyers will able to purchase more property which leads to increasing demand for real estate sector. Originality/value The research paper is original, and PL–SEM has been used to find the results.
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Chaudhari, Miss Neha R., and Prof Pranav K. Lende. "Study on Impact of GST on Construction Sector and Real Estate Sector." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 7 (July 31, 2023): 426–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.54521.
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Abstract: The Real Estate sector is a umbrella sector that caters to the need of housing and infrastructure within a nation. Five sub divisions - housing, hospitality, retail, infrastructure, and commercial - are significantly enhanced. As a standard practice throughout the nation, the Real Estate industry lacked professionalism, standardization and consumer protection. The introduction of the Real Estate Regulator Bill (RERA) that had been approved by the Indian Parliament in March 2016 (Differently categorized for various states) has assured a brand new era in the Indian Real Estate industry. The parliament of India has passed a bill that provides a much more transparent and reliable system within the construction industry, primarily concerned with the property market of selling and purchasing properties. The Real Estate Market underwent significant changes because of the implementation of the new Taxation system (GST - Goods and Service Tax). The Real Estate Market experienced a slowdown during its Initial Stages, causing Builders and Contractors to withdraw from the Business for a certain time to adjust to the new regulations and taxation system. The introduction of GST is among the significant changes in the indirect taxation system of India since its inception. Its main aim is to prevent duplication of taxes. The emphasis is on one country one tax. It also aims to expand the tax base. The real estate industry in India is projected to expand by 12 % annually till 2020. New acts and norms are also being implemented in the real estate sector to implement structural reforms. India is implementing affordable housing schemes to meet up with its goal of providing homes to all by 2022, with the government aiming to do so. The aim of this paper is to look at the effect of GST on real estate market in India. In addition, this particular paper aims at understanding the impact of earlier taxes and the impact of GST on Real Estate in the current situation.
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Anand, Rashmi Rani. "ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF REAL ESTATE SECTOR WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO HOUSING: A CASE STUDY OF URBAN INDIA." Journal of Global Resources 8, no. 02 (July 30, 2022): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.46587/jgr.2022.v08i02.008.
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Real estate sector has its close associations with the corporate world and is known for developmental activities related to housing, retail, hospitality, and commercial. The scenario of real estate is different in developed and developing countries in terms of availability of land, land-related laws, economic conditions, demography, etc. Real estate growth is affected by factors both acting within the country and those prevailing at the global level. In India, real estate growth is taking place at a much faster pace due to the expansion of the information technology (IT) sector, multi-national companies (MNC), and corporate firms. In addition, flexible loan schemes and improved income levels of people have made them invest more in the housing sector. But delay in possession, inadequate infrastructure, and inefficient and compromised results leave urban dwellers dissatisfied. The present paper discusses issues and challenges of the real estate sector with special reference to housing. The study also analyses the growth of the real estate sector in the light of major metropolitan regions of India.
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Zaki, Dr Goldie. "ANALYSIS OF INDIAN REAL ESTATE SECTOR IN COVID-19 POSED BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT." BSSS Journal of Commerce XIII, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.51767/joc1307.
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The real estate sector of India is one of the largest sectors of economy contributing to 6 to 7%. The real estate sector provides immense employment opportunity in unorganized labour market. Owing own house is prominent amongst dreams of all individuals and this sector helps to convert this dream into reality. India is witnessing large section of middle class and there is rise in disposable income. This is creating thrust for real estate sector in India. With market size increasing from 120 billion US dollars in 2017 to whopping projected size of 1000 billion US $ in 2030, the sector is projected to experience boom. The most noticeable change in real estate business is shift from family oriented set up to professionally managed ones. Although there are numerous growth drivers for the sector, but the threats and challenges too are simultaneous. Unstable government policies, red tape, inflation pull, litigations, lack of transparency and issues pertaining to tax negatively impact the sector. Above all, the lockdown and pause in construction work due to Covid-19 has pulled the industry in trench. This paper analyses the strength, weakness, opportune area and emerging trends of the sector and also entail governmental initiatives and future trend. If certain corrective measures are taken during the lockdown, the industry would be able to attain the projected status.
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Dubey, Niraj Dhar, Dr Devesh Kumar, and Sitaram Pandey. "An Enquiry Into the Effect of GST on Real Estate Sector of India." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-1, Issue-6 (October 31, 2017): 1001–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd5754.
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Kumar, Umesh. "Macroeconomic Signals and Indian Real Estate Firms." International Journal of Economic Policy 3, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijecop.1181.
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Purpose: India's real estate sector has been growing in size and influenced the country's economic growth. This paper studies the link between listed real estate firms in India and macro-economic activities and growth. Therefore, it examines the effect of rural production, foreign inflows, capital market growths, and money flows on the activities of real estate firms listed in the Indian stock exchanges.
Methodology: The paper uses data of 65 listed real estate firms from 2001 to 2016. It uses a multivariate regression model to examine the relationship, and the effect of the rural economy, financial markets, international flows, and money flows on real estate firms. The regression models use firm-specific measures and different determinants of macroeconomic variables for the analysis.
Findings: The findings suggest that macroeconomic variables signal a potential increase in the real estate industry's performance. An increase in foreign direct investment leads to increasing real estate activities. Personal remittances bring more revenues for real estate firms but not the stock returns of these firms. Capital markets growth has limited influence on this sector. Money flows, notably savings, positively affect the real estate industry. However, the rural economy does not significantly affect real estate activities.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study proposes that Indian real estate sector needs more transparent and regulatory structures to reap the benefits of the expected growth of the economy. Government should bring policies to capital market reform specifically towards real estate industry to generate interests among domestic and international investors in this sector.
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Rao, P. Hanumantha, and Raja Sekhar Mamillapaui. "Impact of covid - 19 on real estate sector in india." Journal of Global Information and Business Strategy 12, no. 1 (2020): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2582-6115.2020.00007.7.
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Karumuri, Venkateswarlu. "PROBLEMS OF SALES FORCE: A STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO REAL ESTATE SECTOR." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i1.2019.1044.
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Real estate sector is one of the pre dominantly growing sectors in India as it is seen as both need fulfilment and as well as investment opportunity that gives stable returns over a period of time. Earlier the Indian real estate sector is in the hands of informal real estate agents and brokers. Now a days real estate sectors is growing in a more formal manner due to the government policies, rules and regulations. The government’s allowance of FDI into real estate and announcement of regional balanced development increased the employment opportunities further. As this sector is highly influenced by so many players the real estate firms started focusing on increasing the goodwill to reach the customers. One of the goodwill ambassadors for the companies, are the sales force as they will be in continuous contact with the customer throughout the process. Sales force face many professional problems during the delivery of their work. A study has been conducted to understand the problems faced by real estate sales force in their jobs in the select cities of Andhra Pradesh. Anova study, mean and standard deviation techniques were used to project the results. The study identified significant problems faced by real estate sales force and offered suggestions to real estate firms in Andhra Pradesh.
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B, Muthupandian, and Velmurugan. "Inefficiency of Indian Real Estate indicators: A Need for Regulatory Agency & Index based on market deal." Journal of Management and Science 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2012): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2012.7.
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The real estate sector is a major employment driver in India and it contributes a significant level to the GDP. Besides, it is the main source of wealth for all section of the people. There is no transparency and efficiency in the pricing of real estate transaction in-spite-of some indices representing the price movement of the real estate sector. This is because the price is based only on the primary market transaction. It‟s completely excluding the secondary market transaction of the sector. This paper attempts to address this issue by proposing an online exchange for real estate transaction, for bringing in more liquidity and transparencyto the sector, along with an index, based on the price traded in that exchange. These will a high relative measure to indicate and represent the price moment of the sector. This kind of regular monitoring of the real estate prices may be fruitful input for the different stake holders like buyers, seller, mediators, developers, investors, banks, housing finance companies, FIIs, private equities, analysts and others in their decision-making process.
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Rajan Annamalai, Thillai, Bharat Bansal, and Josephine Gemson. "Private equity investment and real estate development." Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction 19, no. 3 (October 28, 2014): 202–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmpc-02-2014-0001.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand the trends and contribution of private equity (PE) investors in real estate development in India because the real estate sector in India had witnessed significant investments from PE firms in recent years. Design/methodology/approach – The study focused on residential segment of real estate development, as it is the largest among all the segments. Two types of analyses have been done in this paper: first was to compare residential projects with PE investment with those that did not have any PE investment. The results were based on an analysis of 453 residential projects. The second was an analysis of only those projects that had PE investment. This paper studied if there were differences in investment patterns between domestic and foreign PE investors, and dedicated and diversified PE investors. Findings – Projects with PE investment were larger, as compared to projects that did not have any PE investment. The results of this paper also showed that PE firms preferred to invest with developers who had significant experience in undertaking larger-sized projects. PE investments significantly happened in projects that were located in metro cities. While PE firms as a whole preferred to invest in project mode, domestic investors were more inclined to invest in a project structure as compared to foreign PE firms. Though foreign PE firms invested more amounts per deal on average, there was a negative relationship between foreign PE firms and the extent of their shareholding in the investment. Practical implications – Encouraging PE investment in real estate projects would contribute toward to increasing the transparency in the sector. Strengthening the domestic PE industry would increase investment flow for real estate projects. PE investors who are able to add value to their investments are able to obtain higher shareholding. Originality/value – Empirical research on Indian real estate industry is scarce because of the lack of transparency and availability of reliable data. This is one of the initial studies on the Indian real estate sector based on a robust dataset.
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Solomon, Priya, and Tanu Aggarwal. "Technology Entrepreneurship in Real Estate Sector Development in India : PPP Model." Indian Journal of Finance 14, no. 3 (March 31, 2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17010/ijf/2020/v14i3/151075.
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Aggarwal, Tanu, and Priya Solomon. "Real Estate Sector Development in India after the Covid-19 Crisis." International Journal of Management 08, no. 03 (2020): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35620/ijm.2020.8301.
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Basanta Kumar, Basanta Kumar, Neelam Chawla, and Brajaraj Mohanty. "Reform in the Indian real estate sector: an analysis." International Journal of Law and Management 60, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-10-2016-0093.
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Purpose This paper aims to discuss the essential features, merits and drawbacks of the recently enacted Indian Real Estate Act, 2016, an economic reform measure pertaining to the real estate sector (RES). This paper analyses the impact of the Act and Union Budget 2016 on the inflow of foreign d irect investment (FDI) in India, and examines its ramifications on the world economy. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on secondary data sources, including consumer forum reports, investigative reports from national agencies, court decisions, government websites, real estate companies and industry associations. A sample survey on the implications of the Act has been conducted using Facebook and and through personal interaction with various stakeholders. Findings The Indian RES was unregulated prior to the passage of the Act, which has several provisions aimed at protecting the interest of consumers by tightening fraudulent practices of promoters/developers. Stakeholders are hopeful, but there is some apprehension. The government’s budgetary and fiscal support for infrastructure development has had an impact on the FDI inflow. Practical implications The Act is new, so there is not enough data to judge its real impact on the economy. However, it has started showing evidence of impact through a recent judgment by the Supreme Court of India punishing a promoter. Originality/value Regulating the Indian RES is a challenging task, but the new regulations are likely to provide confidence to foreign investors who may see India as a safety net for investment. This paper is timely and may help move things in this direction.
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Ahmad, Md Meezan. "Assessment of Factor Affecting the Customization Process In Real Estate Sector." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VIII (August 15, 2021): 652–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37417.
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In construction industry, real estate sector in northern India (specially Lucknow Uttar Pradesh) has been on peak point recently and maximizing the productivity of project delivery and provide a Customization has been a attraction point around the circle of real estate sector. Customization is defined as a customer integrated process for providing a product design, manufacturing, marketing and delivery service, and this one has become a main competitive factor. In real estate industry construction and customization of housing being a remarkable example of providing a amenity has various key concern which a interpoint factors on together. Any gap break between the time of construction of housing destroys and customer satisfaction get affected. The strange and genuine problem of connection communication gap has been observed between the customer and developer, which causes many obstacles or hurdle at the time of delivery of project. The paper presents customization of housing in the field of real estate sector at the time of delivery on the basis of customer needs after the positive agreement of developer and find a way to obstacles or hurdles of communication gap between the customer and developer.
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Vasudeva, Sakshi. "Ebb and Flow in the Journey of Real Estate Sector in India." Effulgence-A Management Journal 18, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33601/effulgence.rdias/v18/i2/2020/44-57.
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Sharma, Rakesh Kumar. "Factors affecting financial leveraging for BSE listed real estate development companies in India." Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction 23, no. 3 (November 5, 2018): 274–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmpc-01-2017-0002.
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PurposeThe real estate sector in India has assumed growing importance with the liberalisation of the economy. Developments in the real estate sector are being influenced by the developments in the retail, hospitality and entertainment (e.g. hotels, resorts and cinema theatres) segment, economic services (e.g. hospitals, schools) and information technology-enabled services (such as call centres), and vice versa. This paper aims to study the determinants of capital structure by taking into account 125 major Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) listed real estate companies selected on the basis of their market capitalisation.Design/methodology/approachTo discover what determines capital structure, nine firm level explanatory variables (profitability-EBIT margin, return on assets, earnings volatility, non-debt tax shield, tangibility, size, growth, age debt service ratio and tax shield) were selected and regressed against the appropriate capital structure measures, namely, total debt to total assets, long-term debts to total assets, short-term debts to total assets, total liabilities to total liabilities plus equity, total debt to capital used and total debt to total liabilities plus equity. A sample of 125 real estate companies was taken and secondary data were collected. Consequently, multivariate regression analysis was made based on financial statement data of the selected companies over the study period of 2009-2015.FindingsThe major findings of the study indicated that profitability, size, age, debt service capacity growth and tax shield variables are the significant firm-level determinants.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study is carried out by taking data of only 25 companies listed on the BSE and time period covered from 2009 from 2015. Time period and sample size may be limitations of the current study.Practical implicationsThe present study is an empirical analysis of the determinants of leverage of real estate sector in India with most recent available data. Different regression equations have been formed to develop the models using firm-specific determinants and different measures of leverage or capital structure. Data were regressed using SPSS application software, and the resulting (or obtained) regression outputs are analysed. This study will help the Indian real estate companies to the know the impact of different variables while raising short-term and long-term loans.Social implicationsThe current study will benefit all stakeholders of society who are fascinated to be acquainted with the financing of real estate companies and the factors affecting long-term and short-term financing of this sector. Specifically, public engrossed in different modes of investment and financial institution will be the prime gainers.Originality/valueThe present study has been completed using authentic data from the annual reports and database. This study uses explanatory variables and different measures of leverage which were limited in use in previous studies. Moreover, this research is a comprehensive study that deals with developing different regression models by using diverse measures of leverage.
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Kashyap, Amit Kumar, and V. Batwara. "Legal Analysis of Real Estate Investment Trust Regulation in India." BRICS Law Journal 9, no. 1 (April 18, 2022): 114–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2022-9-1-114-135.
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As has been the case around the world, the real estate sector has played a pivotal role in the overall growth process of the Indian economy. Since the privatisation of the Indian economy in 1991, the government of India has introduced a variety of investment instruments to capture the interest of millions of potential investors over the last three decades. One such instrument is the Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT). In order to make the market more accessible to investors interested in REIT investments, the Draft Regulations were introduced in 2007. Following numerous modifications, the REIT regulations were finally ratified in 2014 by the Securities and Exchange Board of India. The Indian REIT regulations are aimed at providing an organized market of retail investors in aprofessionally managed ecosystem. However, since its launch in 2014, the REIT regime in India has failed to attract the expected number of investors. Through this paper, the legal structure of REITs in India is reflected, along with changes experienced up to the 2019 amendment. This study also takes a comparative approach in examining the structural aspects of Indian regulations in comparison to those of other countries, and comes up with some recommendations for the improvement of REIT regulations in India.
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Gupta, Ashish, Graeme Newell, Deepak Bajaj, and Satya Mandal. "Determinants of foreign and domestic non-listed real estate fund flows in India." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 38, no. 6 (July 17, 2020): 503–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-08-2019-0107.
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PurposeReal estate forms an important part of any economy and the investment in real estate, in turn, is impacted by the macroeconomic environment of that country. The purpose of the present research is to examine macroeconomic determinants of foreign and domestic non-listed real estate fund (NREF) flows and to examine whether they are similar or different for an emerging economy like India.Design/methodology/approachThe long and short-run cointegration between the time-series variables is estimated using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test and error correction model (ECM) using quarterly data across the 2005–2017 period. ARDL is a suitable method for short time-series data.FindingsThe empirical results indicate that domestic NREF flows are positively and significantly impacted by real GDP and performance of listed real estate stocks (i.e. BSE realty index). Whereas, foreign NREF flows are positively and significantly impacted by the exchange rate, performance of listed real estate stocks and domestic NREF flows.Practical implicationsThe empirical results have significant implications for academicians, policy makers and real estate market practitioners. In the context of these results, some interesting insights are gained that would help in the implementation of the policies aimed toward increasing the fund flows in the real estate sector, which in turn would have a significant trickle-down effect on the Indian economy.Originality/valueThe existing literature looks at macroeconomic and other drivers of foreign investment in international real estate investments. However, there are very few studies on the determinants of domestic real estate investment flows and on determinants of NREFs' investment flows; particularly in emerging markets. The present study, in contrast, evaluates simultaneously the macroeconomic determinants of the domestic and foreign NREFs' investment flows in India. The ARDL and ECM method used has been applied for the first time to the study of NREFs.
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Bishnoi, N. K., and Sunita Godara. "Tunnelling practices in IT and real estate sector in India - an empirical investigation." International Journal of Corporate Governance 7, no. 3 (2016): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcg.2016.080681.
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Godara, Sunita, and N. K. Bishnoi. "Tunnelling practices in IT and real estate sector in India - an empirical investigation." International Journal of Corporate Governance 7, no. 3 (2016): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcg.2016.10001619.
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Kumar Gupta, Vijay, and Gunjan Malhotra. "Determining customers’ preferences for housing attributes in India." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 9, no. 4 (October 3, 2016): 502–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-08-2015-0045.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand customers’ preferences for housing attributes in India. Design/methodology/approach The study highlights the attributes important to the customer when purchasing residential property. The Kano model has been used to understand these preferences of consumers. The data are collected across Delhi and the National Capital Region and have been analyzed using the cross-tabulation approach. Findings Demographics of the consumers play an important role in deciding purchase of residential real estate. Because of their income level, Indian consumers prefer low-rise residential complexes. Originality/value The study helps to understand the diverse behavior of Indian consumers when they invest in the real estate sector, especially residential.
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Thirunavukarasu, S. "EFFECTIVENESS OF CONSUMER PERCEPTION ON FLAT PURCHASE INTENTION IN CHENNAI." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, no. 9 (October 19, 2021): 384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i9.2021.4151.
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One of the basic necessities of every human being is shelter. Every individual seeks for a better place to fulfil this necessity. The sector of real estate is the one which helps the individuals to fulfil the need for a home for living. The real estate business helps to build houses, office buildings and other structures according to the needs and requirements of the people. The sector of real estate business is fast growing in developing countries like India, because of huge level of population, increased number of nuclear families and also because of the enhanced levels of income. The main aim of the study is to explore the effect of the perception of the consumers on the purchase intention of the consumers regarding apartments. The study is done among the customers of Chennai. Respondents are selected through simple random sampling. The data needed for the study is collected through a questionnaire and analysis is done using regression. Findings of the study reveal that the purchase intention was highly influenced by the consumer perception.
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Sutradhar, Debabrata. "FDI and Growth of Service Sector in India." Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 13, no. 4 (October 17, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.31.1.
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In the contemporary globalised economy, service sector attracts the major share of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the world. India being a part of this phenomenon also attracts most of its FDI in the service sector. The present paper highlights the trend in FDI movement in the world in general and India in particular. Further, it reviews the FDI policy in India in the post liberalized period. The growth of FDI in services sector may be attributed to the changing pattern of global FDI and also the liberalization and globalization policies pursued by India. Since 2000, the high inflow of FDI has resulted in the growth of new services viz., financial and non-financial services, telecommunication, computer software and hardware, hotel and tourism, construction activities and real estate. The growth of services sector had led to the growth of export of services from India which now accounts the majority of export from the country.Keywords: FDI, Services sector, Export, Liberalization.
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Kashyap, Amit Kumar, Pranav Singh Rathore, and Kadambari Tripathi. "Regulating Competition and Cartelisation in the Corporate Real Estate Sector: The Emerging Market Case." Otoritas : Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan 11, no. 2 (October 31, 2021): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.26618/ojip.v11i2.5991.
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The main reason for an increase in cartelisation can be attributed to the liberalisation of the economy in India resulting in de-regulation and empowering the enterprises to be at the helm of their affairs. Cartelisation as per UNCTAD impedes healthy competition by fixing prices and restricting supply. The paper gains significance as India aspires to provide housing to all by 2022 but the COVID-19 pandemic coupled with the issue of cartelisation has worsened the situation. The boom in the Corporate Real Estate sector has been coupled with an increase in the anti-competitive practices prevailing in this sector and has negatively impacted the economy. The paper has analysed the provisions in the Indian legal regime as well the legal regimes of the USA and UK regarding cartelization. The Indian regime falls short on various counts when compared with the law of developed nations like the USA and UK, which must be tackled on a war footing. The sector has the potential of opening up numerous opportunities including providing jobs to the Indian youth. The paper aims at providing relevant suggestions in that regard, including the need for whistleblower protection and to have a Cement Regulatory Authority among other things that might prove helpful for the legislators aiming to attract 100 lakh crores in the infrastructure sector in the next five years.
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V, Manu. "A Study On The Growth And Performance Of Service Sector In Kerala-With Special Refeernce To Kollam." Think India 22, no. 2 (October 31, 2019): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/think-india.v22i2.8674.
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This study attempts to review, the growth and performance of service sector in Kerala. The service sector usually covers a wide range activities from the most sophisticated information technology (IT) to simple services provided by the unorganized sector like the services of the plumber, mason, barber etc. National Accounts classification of the services sector incorporates trade, hotels, and restaurants; transport, storage and communication, financing, insurance, real estate, and business services; and community, social and personal services. In World Trade Organization (WTO) and Reserve Bank of India (RBI) classification, construction is also included in services sector.
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Shukla, Meha Ajay Kumar. "House Price Prediction Using Regression." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 344–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40272.
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Abstract: The housing sector is the second largest employment provider after agriculture sector in India and is estimated to grow at 30% over the next decade. Housing is one of the major sectors of real estate and is well complemented by the growth of the urban and semi-urban accommodations. Ambiguity among the prices of houses makes it difficult for the buyer to select their dream house. The interest of both buyers and sellers should be satisfied so that they do not overestimate or underestimate price. Our system provides a decisive housing price prediction model to benefit a buyer and seller or a real estate agent to make a better-informed decision system on multiple features. To achieve this, various features are selected as input from feature set and various approaches can be taken such as Regression Models or ANN. Keywords: Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Supervised Machine Learning, Regression, Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
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Jain, Shradha, Ravi Kumar Jain, and A. K. Jain. "FDI in Retail Sector in India: Opportunities and Challenges in the Present Scenario." Asia Pacific Business Review 4, no. 4 (October 2008): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097324700800400412.
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Organized retailing is currently in a nascent stage in India. Although Organized retailing, contributes only 4% of total retail at present, will grow by 25–30% every year and become Rs.100,000 crore sector (Rs.1000 billion) by 2010, the organized retailing sector evaluation passes through the four important phases. In India, a number of barriers are found in the way of the development of organized retail market. FDI restrictions on the entry of international retailers in the country, different sales tax rates exists in different states of the country, implementation of VAT, complex cities in the tax structure, problem of funding from the banks, lack of proper infrastructure are constraints on the way of organized retailing. The three biggest challenges of the organized retail industry will be managing manpower, real estate and supply chain. This paper discusses, how Retail sector growth will help various sections of the society and country as whole and what kind of measures government should take for the growth of organized retailing in India?
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Sharma, Jitender. "Demonetization Impact on Governmnet, Digital Transactions, Real Estate Sector and Employment in India-Post One Year Study." Jaipuria International Journal of Management Research 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22552/jijmr/2018/v4/i1/170906.
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Pandey, Richa, and V. Mary Jessica. "Measuring behavioural biases affecting real estate investment decisions in India: using IRT." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 11, no. 4 (August 6, 2018): 648–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-12-2017-0103.
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Purpose This study aims to investigate the behavioural biases influencing the real estate market investing decisions of normal non-professional investors in India. Design/methodology/approach As the study involves the behavioural data with polytomous response format, psychometric test- graded response model (IRT approach) was used for the study with the help of STATA 14. Multi-stage stratified sampling was used to collect a sample of 560 respondents. The study used a 14-item scale representing behavioural biases derived from two broad behavioural theories, i.e. heuristics and prospect theories. Sample characteristics were checked using SPSS 20. Pre-required assumptions for IRT (i.e. local independence and unidimensionality) were tested by CFA using AMOS 20. Findings Five items, four of which belong to heuristics (anchoring – 2, representativeness – 1 and availability bias – 1) and one belong to prospect theory (regret aversion) are sufficient to measure the behavioural attitude of real estate investors in the Indian scenario. Item discrimination ai ranged from 0.95 to 1.52 (average value 1.29), showing moderate discrimination power of the items. The items have done a pretty good job of assessing the lower level of agreement. For the higher level of agreement, the scale came out to be less precise, with less information and higher standard error of measurement. Research limitations/implications As the behavioural biases are often false, the study suggests the investors not to repeat these nasty biases to improve investment strategies. As they are shared and not easily changeable, understanding these biases may also help them in beating the market by acting as “noise traders”. Practical implications The traditional price index is incomplete in some essential respects. The inclusion of these behavioural biases into the construction of price index will greatly improve the traditional price index, policymakers should seriously think about it. Social implications Shelter is one of the basic needs; a dwelling unit is needed for one to stay in, develop and contribute to economy and society. If investors try to minimise these biases and policymakers keep a track of these while making strategies, mispricing in this sector can be controlled to some extent, which will ultimately help in the well-being of society. Originality/value This study contributes to the limited research by investigating the behavioural biases influencing the real estate market investment decisions of normal non-professional investors. It contributes to the lacking academe on real estate market in India. The study has used a psychometric test, i.e. the item response theory, for evaluating the quality of the items.
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Kumar, B. Rajesh, and K. S. Sujit. "Debt Strategy Trends of Emerging Market Firms." International Journal of Strategic Decision Sciences 8, no. 4 (October 2017): 86–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsds.2017100104.
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Different industry sectors have high degree of variation with respect to financial leverage. The excessive use of financial leverage by firms had played a paramount role in the 2008 financial crisis. This study examines the average debt intensity of different industrial sectors during different time period. The study was based on a sample of approximately 20,000 companies representing 19 different industry sectors. The study explores whether there exist persistent differences in leverage ratios across different industry sectors in India. The study examines whether the leverage measures of the Indian firms have changed during different period of analysis. The study also examines the determinants of an optimal capital structure. Electricity sector is the most debt intensive sector among the different industry sectors. Communication, construction and real estate sectors were the next debt intensive sectors among the Indian industrial sectors. The average debt equity ratio of all the industry sectors was 16.57 reflecting the high debt intensity characteristics of Indian Industry. The mean debt equity ratio ranged from 1.45 (Machinery & Transport) to 85.64(Electricity) during the period 2005-2016. The average return on capital employed was negative for all the sectors during the period 2000-2016 except for electricity sector. The average leverage of 10 industry sectors increased in the period 2010-2016 compared to the period 2000-2009. The study document statistically significant variation in mean leverage ratio for industry sectors like communication, construction and real estate, electricity and miscellaneous manufacturing. The most leverage intensive sector construction and real estate sector was the only sector with positive average return on capital and had highest cash flow intensity during the period 2010-2016. Regression results finds statistically significant negative relationship between profitability and leverage. Less profitable firms tend to use more financial leverage. Firms that have more profits tend to have lower leverage. This result is in line with pecking order theory. Some evidence suggest that debt ratio is inversely related to the costs of financial distress. Firms with higher discretionary expenditures tend to have higher cash flows and hence lower costs of bankruptcy. Textile, metal, financial services, electricity and consumer goods are highly debt intensive industries.
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Krishnan, Ajay, Ajithkumar S, Manishankar G, Upendra K, Kabilan A, and P. Muralidhar. "IMPACT OF COVID 19 PANDEMIC ON PROJECT PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT-A CASE STUDY ON CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN SOUTHERN INDIA." Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology 12, no. 2 (September 30, 2021): 168–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jcest.3981.2021.
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In India, Project Portfolio Management (PPM) is in practice as a tool for prioritizing and managing real estate projects in construction organizations. But due to insufficient funding, improper judgment of experts during the crisis situation, the selection of optimal project portfolio prototype can be viewed as a risk based decision making process involving various risk factors. The objective of this study is to analyze the importance of project portfolio management and the risks associated with it in the construction industry taking into account the impact of novel corona virus COVID 19. This research identifies the adoption of more consistent project governance, risk management techniques and way more careful project portfolio management as the core area of study. A conceptual framework for Project Portfolio Management is also designed after analyzing various parameters of Project Portfolio Management of construction industry with the help of Bayesian framework. The key motive for undertaking this part of examination on real estate sector of Indian construction industry in southern part of India to reduce the impacts and increase the return on investment from the projects by mitigating the effect of risk factors associated in the projects. Project Portfolio Management tools and techniques are very useful for managing multiple construction projects.
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Rao, Indu. "Competing values in Asian business: evidence from India and Dubai." Journal of Asia Business Studies 13, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-09-2017-0164.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the fact that investors in the Asian region are shifting their investments from one country to another, in this case, from India to Dubai, in the real estate and infrastructure industry. While countries compete to get investments, competing “values” at the workplace may also influence in attracting the investments. This paper makes use of competing values framework (CVF) to understand this phenomenon and to provide research evidence about differences in workplace cultures in India and Dubai. It is proposed that differences in workplace cultures, besides other non-cultural factors, may influence this phenomenon of shifting of investments between the two countries. Design/methodology/approach It is an inductive study to investigate why investors are shifting investments from India to Dubai in the real estate and infrastructure industry. This paper further explores literature to support our claim that workplace cultural differences may be responsible for the shifting investments. Next, this paper identifies the instrument called organizational culture assessment instrument using CVF to collect data and plot the cultural profiles at the two country sites. Findings The findings suggest that workplace cultures in the two country locations are different and could be a reason for Indians to shift their investments to Dubai in the real estate and infrastructure sector. There are both cultural and non-cultural factors, which are responsible for the shift in global investments. Research limitations/implications The study has several research implications. It highlights the possibility of a shift in global investments because of cultural and non-cultural differences at the workplace. Specifically, it provides evidence that workplace cultures are different in the two countries and could play a role in the competitiveness of firm and countries. This finding has implications for research in the fields of both strategy and international business.However, this is a preliminary study to explore a recent phenomenon and uses data from only one organization in two countries. Therefore, this paper accepts this as a limitation; however, it creates a potential for further exploration in many directions for future research. Practical implications Managers in multinational firms have to deal with subsidiaries in different countries with different cultures. While culture is not traditionally considered an important factor, the study highlights that it may have far-reaching influences on financial decisions. Therefore, managers need to understand cultures and create strategies to deal with diverse cultures. Originality/value It is perhaps the first attempt to investigate the workplace culture across India and Dubai in the real estate and infrastructure industry through empirical evidence. Further, in the context of shifting global investments across the two countries, it highlights the importance of workplace cultures towards economic and financial implications for countries in the Asian subcontinent.
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Nath, Hiranya K. "Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in India’s Retail Sector." Space and Culture, India 1, no. 1 (May 1, 2013): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v1i1.17.
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This article presents an overview of retail trade in India in the wake of the country’s new policy that will allow foreign capital in multi-band retailing. It discusses various potential benefits and costs of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the retail sector, particularly in terms of its effects on traditional retailers, employment, consumers, farmers, and local manufacturers. It argues that given somewhat slower growth projection for the Indian economy during the next decade, various structural issues including inadequate infrastructure and a lack of affordable real estate, and the prevalent structure of the agricultural markets, it is unlikely that all the potential benefits and costs will be realised to their fullest extent, at least in the foreseeable future. The economic dynamics and the political process will play an important role in determining the outcomes of this move to allow FDI in the retail sector and will ultimately determine the effects on various stakeholders.
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Vemuri, Sritha, P. Jahnavi, Lingala Manasa, and D. R. Pallavi. "Money Laundering: A Review." REST Journal on Banking, Accounting and Business 2, no. 2 (April 1, 2023): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/jbab/2/2/2.
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Money laundering is a major global issue, influencing the economy of pretty much every nation including India. This term has become a buzzword nowadays. Money laundering is an illegal process of concealing the origin of the money which is obtained from unlawful activities, but this is converted and is shown to be obtained from a legitimate source. Understanding the concept of money laundering and its nature is essential to combat it. There are different types and methods that money launderers use to disguise their illicit funds. This illegal activity has the simple purpose of converting black money to white money. This is done through activities like drug trafficking, corruption, or gambling. The real estate sector as a target, is the largest, most vulnerable, and easiest sector for money laundering. To deal with this worldwide issue, countries from everywhere implemented laws and regulations and are coming up with newer techniques.
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Das, Tiken, and Diganta Das. "COVID- 19 and Economic Loss of First Phase of (21- Day) Lockdown in India." Space and Culture, India 8, no. 1 (June 28, 2020): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v8i1.844.
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To curb Covid-19 spread, Prime Minister Narendra Modi has announced a 21-day nationwide lockdown on 23 March 2020. The present study makes an attempt to estimate the state-wise and economic activity-wise economic loss of 21- day lockdown in India. The data on Net State Value Added (NSVA) by economic activity was collected for five years from the Reserve Bank of India. It was found that the percentage of the daily loss of Net State Value Added (NSVA) was considerably higher for the states of Chandigarh, Delhi and Karnataka. The manufacturing sector was expected to be the highest loser, followed by real estate, ownership of dwelling and professional services. In absolute terms, the loss was prominent in Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. It is worth mentioning here that what could be the magnitude of the impact of a complete social and economic shutdown may not be easy to estimate, but it is likely to be far more severe.
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Manoj, Dr P. K., and Jaya Gupta. "Redesigning Supplying Chain for Sustained Growth in a Disruptive World: The Case of Housing and Real Estate Sector in Digital India." Management Accountant Journal 57, no. 10 (October 1, 2022): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33516/maj.v57i10.64-67p.
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Manshin, Roman V., and Abdul Latif Ghafari. "Investment cooperation between Russia and India." RUDN Journal of Economics 29, no. 3 (December 15, 2021): 490–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2021-29-3-490-501.
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The long-term cooperation between Russia and India in the investment field is analyzed. This cooperation is of great strategic importance not only for the development of these countries, but also for solving problems at the global level. The world is currently undergoing large-scale changes affecting various spheres of public life. On the basis of Russian and Indian statistics, as well as statistics of international organizations, conclusions are drawn about the uneven distribution of foreign direct investment between Russia and India, and their different position in the international movement of capital is indicated. Examples of specific investment projects between TNCs of the two countries are given. Prospects for investment cooperation between the two countries have been substantiated. The purpose of this research is to study investment cooperation between Russia and India. The theoretical basis of the study was the works of Russian and foreign authors, which examine the issues of the socio-economic situation of developing countries, and in particular, the economic development of India and Russian-Indian relations. The work used methods of analysis and comparison of theoretical positions, as well as methods of statistical and analogy, expert assessments. It was found that the most interesting projects for the Indian economy are the extraction of oil and other minerals, construction, trade, and real estate. For Russia, the sphere of manufacturing is of particular investment interest, as well as the sphere of trade and the financial sector.
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Chaudhari, Miss Neha R., and Prof Pranav K. Lende. "A Review on the Indian Goods and Services Tax for Real Estate Markets." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 7 (July 31, 2023): 421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.54520.
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Abstract: The idea of taxation has been around for a long time in the world. The concept of taxes and their collection have undergone significant changes throughout history. The indirect taxation system of the country has been transformed completely with the introduction of Goods and Service Tax. It quickly turned into a contentious topic in every household or business. The GST brought along a series of significant changes. Every citizen was affected in some way by all these changes. Under the previous tax system, the purchaser had to pay VAT, service tax, stamp duty and registration costs when buying property under construction. Only stamp duty as well as registration charges were due on after-completion property, which were exempt from VAT and service tax. The GST will reduce the cost of purchasing a home as a result of the fact that developers had to pay entry Tax, CST, import duty, and excise duty on their business aspect under the previous Tax system, while buyers had to pay Service tax and VAT on residential units bought before completion, which are non-creditable Tax costs and are reflected in the unit price. Developers will be able to reduce their expenses and also pass savings on to customers as a result of the consistent tax rate as they will get input credits on GST paid for services and commodities purchased. The Value Added Tax (VAT) tax system has been simplified following the introduction of GST. Stamp duties were not included in GST by the government after its implementation. Schedule III of the GST Act of 2017 says that easily accessible properties aren't goods or services. It's more like purchasing or selling a piece of property than anything else. Individuals will not have to pay GST on the purchase of land or on the purchase of resold properties. Apart from the exemption pointed out earlier, real estate developers can also make use of the Input Tax Credit on building supplies under the GST system. Developers must meet a few prerequisites to be eligible for these advantages. The purpose of this paper is to examine the pre and post GST effects of the new tax system on real estate sector, and how all people of India are coping with it.
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Sivanesan, R., and G. Jones Green. "Impact of Organized Retail on Unorganized Retail Sector." Asian Journal of Managerial Science 8, no. 1 (February 5, 2019): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajms-2019.8.1.1451.
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Retail is currently the flourishing sector of the Indian economy. This trend is expected to continue for at least the next two-three decades, and it is attracting huge attention from all entrepreneurs, business heads, investors as well as real estate owners and builders. Availability of quality, retail space, wider availability of products and brand communication are the some important factors that are driving the retail in India. Retail sector is also supporting to create huge employment while a new form of organized retail sector has emerged within the retail industry and it gave speedy phase to Indian retail sector. The rationale of the study is twofold: First, to examine the nature of changes in the retail sector taking place due to organized form of retailing and implications of shift to this new form of retailing. Secondly, this area has remained largely an unexplored part of research till date especially in the Indian context. The broad objective of the study is to understand consumer behavior towards organized and unorganized retail stores and to find out the consumers satisfaction level from organized retail stores as well as unorganized retail stores. The perception of the traditional retailers about the modern retailing. The study uses primary data collected through in depth qualitative analysis to represent organized and unorganized retail sectors respectively. The present study focuses on Kanyakumari, Tirunelveli, Tuticorin, Madurai and Viruthunagar Districts of Tamil Nadu.
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Nanziri, Lwanga Elizabeth, and Wisdom Zimuto. "Stock Market Response to the Covid-19 Shock: Lessons for Africa." Journal of African Development 22, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 197–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.22.1.0197.
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Abstract African stock markets are predominantly underdeveloped. However, the increasing financial openness and dependency on external trade implies that these stocks markets can potentially be impacted by global shocks. We use daily data to investigate the response of a sample of African emerging and developed stock markets to the COVID-19 shock. We use the event-study methodology to estimate the cumulative average abnormal returns before and after the announcement of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results show that the reaction of active stock markets in Africa mimics that of markets in India and the United Kingdom. The patterns persist at sector-level, when the Johannesburg Stock Exchange is excluded, that while the pharmaceuticals, industrials, mining, and the transport sectors recorded significant abnormal gains, financials, real estate, wholesale, retail, and services lagged behind, and the response of the agricultural was subdued. These results have policy lessons for Africa’s structural transformation process and the recovery of developing markets, which have had a muted response to previous global shocks.
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Das, Tiken, and Pradyut Guha. "COVID 19-Induced Lockdown 2.0 and Looming Crisis across Sectors of Economy: Evidence from the Indian States." Space and Culture, India 8, no. 2 (September 28, 2020): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v8i2.885.
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Due to the coronavirus-induced lockdown, most economic activities have come to a standstill. It assumes that lockdown with social distancing measures may lower the spread of infected cases, as it will be over-optimistic to expect the complete burnout of the virus. The present study attempts to access the loss of the country’s economy in the wake of the coronavirus-induced 50-day lockdown (40-day lockdown + 10-day preoperative period). The data on Net State Value Added (NSVA) at base price 2011-2012 by economic activity was collected from the Reserve Bank of India for five consecutive financial years. This study assumes 10-day for restoring back to the production capacity, although each sector has its own dynamics and different cycles. The autoregressive process was used for forecasting the growth rate of Gross Value Added. The study found that across Indian states, the amount of loss was most extensive in the state of Maharashtra, as against Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. Besides the manufacturing sector, the enormous burden of loss was reflected in the real estate sector, followed by ownership of dwellings and professional services. The highest per capita loss of the NSVA was found in the state of Goa, as against Delhi. The study argued that all the affected sectors likely to register negative growth in the subsequent two quarters.
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Nazeerudin, Nazeerudin. "India’s Transition towards Green Economy." British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies 4, no. 1 (February 3, 2023): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0108.
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The agricultural sector’s contribution to India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has dropped from 17.4% in 2006-07 to 14.2% in 2010-11i, while the manufacturing sector has underperformed, accounting for only 20% of GDP, due to high interest rates, infrastructure bottlenecks, slow decision-making by the government, and weak domestic demand Furthermore, the service sector, which accounts for nearly 65% of GDP, has also been losing its momentum due to segments like the banking and real estate facing demand and investment constraints. Furthermore, the environment has suffered gravely with the economic progress as from 1990 to 2008, India’s GDP per capita rose by an impressive 120% leading to the natural capital to decline by 31 % in the same period. Adding to that, currently India is operating on almost twice its bio-capacity; indicating that the population’s demand from the ecosystem exceeds the capacity of that ecosystem to regenerate the resources. To ensure that inter-linkages between the economic, societal, and environmental aspects of development are overarching, India needs vital transitions. A green economy strengthens pro-poor economic growth by building up natural capital and secures livelihood options of the poorIn the light of the above Context, this paper attempts to understand the key sectors for intervention in India and have emerged as the main players in undertaking green initiatives. These sectors have contributed to economic growth of the nation while simultaneously causing detrimental effects on the environment. Section 2 of the paper makes an analysis of the six sectors that have the potential of contributing towards achieving the balance along the three pillars of sustainability. Section 3 further analyses the dominant barriers faced by some of the initiatives and how they can possibly be overcome. Finally it the foundation for further research and understanding the viable agents of changes for bringing about this transition.
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Bhaduri, Madhuchandra. "Impact of Demonetization on Small Businesses in Indian Economy - An Empirical Study on Small Businesses at Cooch Behar District, West Bengal." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 10, no. 3 (March 14, 2018): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v10.n3.p2.
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<p>November 8<sup>th</sup>, 2016 was a path breaking day in Indian economy when Govt. of India has demonetized the high value currency notes and replaced with new notes of Rs.500 and Rs.2000. This move Govt. was taken to clean the black money from the market, to inspire digital economy and to reduce the ‘Cash’ payment culture of some people for tax evasion. The overnight decision changed the life of many people in India. Thousands of people they waited in long queues in front of Banks, ATMs for money. Entire social life of people throughout the country got distracted. Many poor daily wage workers were left with no job and income as owners were unable to pay their daily wage because of less cash, around 15 lakh jobs have been obsolete during this one year.</p><p> Despite Govt. of India has taken a bold step to make India corruption free and inspire the people in cashless transaction but after one year can we say India is really corruption free? Can we observe any significant improvement in cashless transactions? Can we see the digital payments have significantly improved for common general man?</p><p>Many reports stated that Country’s automobile and real estate sectors are highly affected and World Bank has downgraded the Indian economy’s growth forecast as sharp falls. The empirical findings suggest that the impact of demonetization on GDP growth during Q3 and Q4 of 2016-17 was mostly felt in construction and real estate, but the good thing was that because of stronger growth in manufacturing, agriculture, mining and electricity the overall impact on gross domestic product growth was modest.</p><p>Many reports stated that small traders have immensely affected after demonetization because of the cash crunch and lack of infrastructure like digital payment system etc. Small traders in retail sector (grocery shops etc), service sector (restaurants, nursing homes etc.), gems and jewellery, small traders in agricultural products, SMEs, small dealers, professionals like doctors, lawyers etc, have highly affected because of demonetization during last one year. So my objective to find out whether the small traders have really affected or not. If they are affected then how they have affected?</p><p>The main objective of this paper is to study the impact of demonetization on the small scale traders at Cooch Behar District of West Bengal and how it affected their business. As we all know that Cooch Behar is the princely state of West Bengal which is located very near to Assam, Bhutan and Siliguri region. As a district town Cooch Behar has a high significance in businesses with Northeast, Siliguri and Bhutan. I prepared a questionnaire and surveyed to 50 small scale businessmen at Cooch Behar district and tried to find their perception on demonetization and its impacts on their businesses during last one year. The study at Cooch Behar district may reflect the status of small traders for entire country. Another objectives I have kept here to study whether demonetization really eradicated corruption from India and whether demonetization has changed the behavior of the citizens of the country in cashless transactions?</p>
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Dhar, Satyajit, and Avijit Bakshi. "Determinants of loan losses of Indian Banks: a panel study." Journal of Asia Business Studies 9, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-04-2012-0017.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that influence the variability of loan losses (termed as non-performing advances or NPA in India) of Indian banks in the public sector during the period of five years from 2001 to 2005. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is based on a panel approach, which considers both spatial and time dimensions of observations. Panel regression was used to explore the impact of different bank-specific factors on NPAs of 27 public sector banks (PSBs). Standard tests were used to find out suitability of different models of panel data analysis. Eight bank-specific factors were identified for analysis on the basis of review of extant literature. Findings – Certain bank-specific factors, in particular, net interest margin and capital adequacy ratio exhibit negative and significant impact on gross non-performing advances (GNPA) ratio of Indian PSBs. The results also suggest that relative quantum of sensitive sector (SEN) (comprised of commercial real estate, commodity and capital market) advances has a positive relationship with NPA ratio, and such a relationship is statistically significant. Research limitations/implications – The sample is restricted to India and may not be reflective of other countries. The study considers bank-level factors, and there are some macro factors (e.g. gross domestic product, interest rate and inflation rate) which could have explained the variability of GNPA ratio. Practical implications – Provisioning against loan losses is a major issue for stability of the banking system. Identification of appropriate causes of variability of such loan losses is important for managing credit portfolio of a bank. A positive and significant relationship between SEN advances and NPA calls for a more cautionary approach toward lending to those sectors. Originality/value – This paper is believed to be the first attempt to empirically examine the role of bank-specific factors. This study attempts to enrich empirical research in the field and provides an insight into the role of various bank-specific factors on loan losses in the context of Indian PSBs. The study provides contrary evidence regarding the role of priority sector advances on a GNPA ratio.
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G, MANIMANNAN, ARUL KUMAR C, and LAKSHMI PRIYA R. "Application of support vector machine for evaulation of agricultural productivity in the state of tamilnadu." Journal of Management and Science 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2017.2.
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This research paper attempts to identify the agriculture productivity performance in the state of Tamilnadu as agriculture sector is facing so many challenges in the past decades. Most of the agricultural lands are converted into real estate business and also occupied by corporate sector people. Most of the farmers and allied deparment population migrated to other state and even to other countries to live their livelihood, they work as daily wages. In this connection, this research paper attempts to promote agricultural sector as it is the mainstay and backbone of the Indian and Tamilnadu economy. Agriculture plays a vitalrole in the development of a country as well the state of Tamilnadu. It contributes nearly fifteen percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of India. Seventy percent of the population depends on agriculture for their livelihood. In the past decade agriculture production had faced an increasing trend in districts of Tamil Nadu in all the crops. But nowadays the yield rate has a decreasing trend in Tamilnadu. However, agriculture productivity differs from region to region, which needs a detailed investigation. The main objective of this research paper is to analyze the agriculture productivity of fifteen major Crops in Tamilnadu usingSupport Vector Machine for district wise classification of entire state of Tamilnadu and Mosaic graph to visualize the performance of agricultural database. The secondary sources of database were collected from Department of Economics and Statistics, Tamilnadu during the period of 2003 to 2012. In this study yield deviation, visualization and classification of fifteen major crops are considered. The results attained three different methods of classifications and are labelled as High, Moderate and Low based on their Enyedi‘s index method of various crops.
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Ushadevi Patil, Dr, and Omkar U. Mithe. "Price escalation of area surrounding properties along metro line using GIS, A comparative study of Mumbai metro and proposed Pune metro." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.1 (March 5, 2018): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.1.11050.
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Introduction of a transit megaproject like Metro railway in any city is seen as the effective booster for real estate sector for that city. Many cities worldwide and in India also has witnessed a considerable increase in rates of properties located along metro lines, also the areas situated around metro stations within a 500 m buffer zone has both positive and negative impacts on their property values. It is not necessary that the properties will show only positive effect, sometimes it may happen that due to noise and increased presence of commuters caused by the metro railway the area in the immediate vicinity of metro railway may show negative impact i.e. rates may decrease in that area. Present project firstly focuses on finding out the effect of Mumbai metro line on surrounding area using GIS and then comparing those results for obtaining corresponding values for proposed Pune metro. Initially focus will be on Mumbai metro and outcome of the same will be evaluated for proposed Pune metro. The data required for project has been collected from various government agencies like MMRDA, PCNTDA and DRS. The paper concludes with the brief explanation of alternate method of carrying out the same study.
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Chinchwadkar, Rohan, and Rama Seth. "The Choice of Exit: Influence of Private Equity Investors and Buyout Entry." Journal of Emerging Market Finance 17, no. 1_suppl (February 23, 2018): S1—S26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972652717751534.
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The choice of exit method is an inevitable decision faced by entrepreneurs and private equity (PE) investors. The existing literature addresses four categories of factors which influence this choice of exit method between initial public offering (IPO) and acquisition: industry-related factors, market-timing variables, deal-specific factors and demand-for-funds factors. We extend the literature by introducing a new category of factors, ‘PE investor characteristics’, and test if this category has a significant effect on the choice of exit method. We also test if the type of entry has an influence on the exit method. We find that PE investor characteristics play an important role in the choice of exit method. The existence of a large syndicate of PE investors in the same firm increases the probability of an IPO exit, but the presence of a foreign PE investor reduces this probability. Moreover, unlike in developed markets, the cost of debt does not affect the choice of exit method in India. We further consider specific exit methods such as strategic sale, financial sale and buyback and find consistent results. We find that in buyout transactions, the probability of an IPO exit is less than that of a strategic sale. Finally, we present a unique finding that the probability of a buyback as opposed to an IPO is higher if a firm is in the real estate sector.
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Kaul, Asha, and Vidhi Chaudhri. "Partnering for business transformation: the Wipro Consulting Services story." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 2, no. 8 (October 17, 2012): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20450621211291815.
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Subject area Business transformation processes, change management and business strategy. Study level/applicability The case can be used to study business transformation processes and would be relevant for courses on change management and business strategy. It shouldbe studied in the context of behavioral and organizational challenges in implementing an organization-wide change. The case is targeted at MBA students and/or executive participants with professional experience who would be able to link the learningto corporate experience. It can be used for courses on organizational change, business strategy, and change management. Case overview The case, set in India in the year 2011, is positioned in the business consulting domain, and provides insight into managing change from the perspective of a consulting partner. The case discusses challenges and presents processes followed by Wipro Consulting Services (WCS) in conducting an integrated business transformation exercise at Brigade Enterprises Ltd (BEL), a leading firm in India's real estate sector. The BEL engagement had busted the myth that an integrated business transformation could not be conducted in an unorganized sector, and resulted in savings of overUSD 2 million for BEL. The case traces the journey of WCS into business transformation consulting, outlines the solution framework proposed by WCS, and discusses the decisive nature of the Brigade project for WCS' growth trajectory. Expected learning outcomes The case has been written with the following objectives, to: familiarize students with the processes and phases of a business transformation project; examine transformation barriers and challenges from a consultant perspective; and providestudents an appreciation of the complexities and challenges, decisional criteria and parameters of a large-scale, integrated business transformation exercise. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available; please consult your librarian for access.
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Kaur, Mansanjam, Pragya Kher, Aanchal Khandelwal, Simar Paul, and Shruti S. Nagdeve. "A study on the domain of passive income strategies in architecture and how the confluence of entrepreneurship and architecture can transform the design practice." International Journal of Students' Research in Technology & Management 10, no. 1 (February 5, 2022): 01–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijsrtm.2022.1011.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose of the study: Currently, in India, there is high growth in real estate and marketing in the urban sector. Architecture as a profession is still under-recognition and it is growing albeit slowly. Hence, there is a need towards developing a more interdisciplinary approach of merging entrepreneurship with the practice of architecture and other allied disciplines to create a passive source of income generation. Previous research looked at passive income as merely a source of retirement income generation strategy. This research aims to understand how passive income can be used as a branding tool and a means of active income generator.
Methodology: Various expert interviews were conducted to understand how passive income strategies fare in the real world and the gaps between the theory and implementation of these strategies. Successful case models, national and international, were also analysed.
Main Findings: There is a limited understanding regarding the opportunities which a passive source of income can offer. It is merely considered an additional source of income, overlooking the branding opportunities it entails. Apart from time and money, identifying one’s strengths and skills is an important component in deciding on the kind of passive strategy one want’s to invest in.
Implications: Passive source of income allows a person to explore a certain field and go an extra mile to analyze and choose the field to best of his/her opportunities. It is a revenue stream with one-time investment with time, money, skill and marketing which enables it as a passive and long term income. With the current generation dwelling more and more into a secondary source of income, this study may help understand the overall process undergoing a passive income strategy.