Relevant bibliographies by topics / Reading unit

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Reading unit'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Reading unit"

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Wallot, Sebastian, and Guy Van Orden. "Nonlinear analyses of self-paced reading." Mental Lexicon 6, no. 2 (August 3, 2011): 245–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.6.2.02wal.

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Nonlinear methods of fractal analysis and recurrence quantification analysis are becoming more commonplace in the cognitive and behavioral sciences. These methods are illustrated here in a tutorial style using self-paced reading data. Self-paced reading was performed in which each spacebar press revealed a story word-by-word or else sentence-by-sentence. Participant readers were either Ph.D. candidates in English literature or undergraduates from an introductory psychology course and the same story was read by all, either one time only or reread another time on another occasion. The nonlinear analyses revealed crucial differences between the word unit and sentence unit conditions. Performance in the word unit condition was dominated by a task specific strategy, yielding data patterns more like those observed in tapping tasks. Nonlinear analyses of the sentence unit condition, however, discriminated between graduate and undergraduate readers, and first readings of the story from re-reading. From these analyses, the repeated reading of the same story reveals a kind of über-fluency, in a manner of speaking, of the Ph.D. candidates in English literature, whose performance stayed at or closer to a performance ceiling in both readings.
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GOSWAMI, USHA, JOHANNES C. ZIEGLER, LOUISE DALTON, and WOLFGANG SCHNEIDER. "Nonword reading across orthographies: How flexible is the choice of reading units?" Applied Psycholinguistics 24, no. 2 (June 2003): 235–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716403000134.

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It was predicted that children learning to read inconsistent orthographies (e.g., English) should show considerable flexibility in making use of spelling–sound correspondences at different unit sizes whereas children learning to read consistent orthographies (e.g., German) should mainly employ small-size grapheme–phoneme strategies. This hypothesis was tested in a cross-language blocking experiment using nonwords that could only be read using small-size grapheme–phoneme correspondences (small-unit nonwords) and phonologically identical nonwords that could be decoded using larger correspondences (large-unit nonwords). These small-unit and large-unit nonwords were either presented mixed together in the same lists or blocked by unit size. It was found that English children, but not German children, showed blocking effects (better performance when items were blocked by nonword type than in mixed lists). This suggests that in mixed lists, English readers have to switch back and forth between small-unit and large-unit processing, resulting in switching costs. These results are interpreted in terms of differences concerning the grain size of the phonological recoding mechanisms developed by English and German children.
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Prinzmetal, William, Rebecca Treiman, and Susan H. Rho. "How to see a reading unit." Journal of Memory and Language 25, no. 4 (August 1986): 461–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0749-596x(86)90038-0.

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Kurnia and Malta Nelisa. "IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM INOVASI PERPUSTAKAAN MELALUI POJOK BACA INSTAGRAMABLE DI UPT PERPUSTAKAAN PROKLAMATOR BUNG HATTA BUKITTINGGI." Info Bibliotheca: Jurnal Perpustakaan dan Ilmu Informasi 3, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 88–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/ib.v3i2.313.

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This study aims to describe the implementation of Proklamator Bung Hatta’s library Unit Bukittinggi innovation program in improving library services and increasing interest in visiting users through the provision of a lesehan reading area, namely an instagrammable reading corner. Sampling in this study was conducted by purposive sampling method. Data was collected by means of interviews and documentation. This data analysis technique was carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that: (1) the instagrammable reading corner at the Proklamator Bung Hatta’s Library Unit Bukittinggi has implemented an element of novelty because it has provided a different reading area than before; (2) the instagrammable reading corner at the Proklamator Bung Hatta’s Library Unit Bukittinggi has implemented an effective element because the purpose of making the reading area can be carried out properly as long as the instagrammable reading corner is established. (3) the instagrammable reading corner at the Proklamator Bung Hatta’s Library Unit Bukittinggi has implemented an element of usefulness because the reading corner has been able to provide great benefits for users compared to the previous reading area. (4) Instagrammable reading corner at Proklamator Bung Hatta’s Library Bukittinggi has implemented transferable or replicable elements because the indicators from the reading corner are unique and interesting so that they can be recommended for other agencies who want to create reading corners. (5) the instagrammable reading corner at the Proklamator Bung Hatta’s Library Unit Bukittinggi has implemented an element of sustainability because the instagrammable reading corner will be held continuously at the Proklamator Bung Hatta’s Library Unit Bukittinggi.
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AUGUSTINE, JOHN, QI HAN, PHILIP LODEN, SACHIN LODHA, and SASANKA ROY. "TIGHT ANALYSIS OF SHORTEST PATH CONVERGECAST IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 24, no. 01 (January 2013): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054113400030.

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We consider the convergecast problem in wireless sensor networks where each sensor has a reading that must reach a designated sink. Since a sensor reading can usually be encoded in a few bytes, more than one reading can readily fit into a standard transmission packet. We assume that each packet hop consumes one unit of energy. Our objective is to minimize the total energy consumed to send all readings to the sink. We show that this problem is NP-hard even when all readings are of fixed size. We then study a class SPEP of distributed algorithms that is completely defined by two properties. Firstly, the packets hop along some shortest path to the sink. Secondly, the nodes use an elementary packing algorithm to pack readings into packets. Our main technical contribution is a lower bound. We show that no algorithm for UCCP that either follows the shortest path or packs in an elementary manner is a (2 − ϵ)-approximation, for any fixed ϵ > 0. To complement this, we show that SPEP algorithms are [Formula: see text]-approximation for UCCP and 3-approximation for CCP, where k ≥ 2 is the number of readings that can fit within a packet. We conclude with some special cases and experimental observations.
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Shaker, Catherine. "Reading the Feeding." ASHA Leader 18, no. 2 (February 2013): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/leader.ftr1.18022013.42.

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The amount of milk a preemie drinks largely determines readiness for discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. But just because an infant feeds well today doesn't mean it will last. In the long term, fostering a child's consistent, positive response to feeding may be more important.
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Seymour, Philip H. K., and Lynne G. Duncan. "Small versus large unit theories of reading acquisition." Dyslexia 3, no. 3 (September 1997): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0909(199709)3:3<125::aid-dys85>3.0.co;2-4.

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Greaney, Keith T., and William E. Tunmer. "Onset/rime sensitivity and orthographic analogies in normal and poor readers." Applied Psycholinguistics 17, no. 1 (January 1996): 15–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400009449.

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ABSTRACTThis study was designed to determine whether there was a relationship between the ease with which children make use of orthographic analogies and their progress in learning to read. The results of an experiment using a reading age match design showed that poor readers performed as well as normal readers on orally presented measures of onset/rime sensitivity, but less well on visually/orally presented rhyme tasks. The poor readers also performed less well than the normal readers on a task that measured the children's ability to take advantage of analogical units when reading lists of words: these reading lists contained groups of words that differed according to (1) whether the words containing the common unit were presented contiguously or noncontiguously, and (2) whether the unit constituted the rime portion of the words or was embedded within the rime portion of the words. A follow-up intervention study demonstrated that poor readers who received instruction in the use of orthographic analogies achieved higher reading accuracy scores on subsequent readings than did a matched group of poor readers who received standard remedial instruction in context cue usage.
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NAKAGAWA, Hiroko, Mikimasa OMORI, Hiroshi SUGASAWARA, and Jun-ichi YAMAMOTO. "Segment-Unit Reading Training for a Student With Autism." Japanese Journal of Special Education 51, no. 3 (2013): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.6033/tokkyou.51.269.

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Milne, Eric N. C. "A physiological approach to reading critical care unit films." Journal of Thoracic Imaging 1, no. 3 (July 1986): 60–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005382-198607000-00009.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reading unit"

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Griffis, Irene G. "Integrating reading into a Civil War unit." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1986. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/381.

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Gostenik, Sarah Cass. "Reading comprehension strategies for students with autism a guide and social skills unit plan /." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2008. http://165.236.235.140/lib/sgostenik2008.pdf.

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DI, TUCCI DONATELLA. "Reading units in Italian children: evidence from morphological, orthographic and semantic features on word reading process." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/169025.

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This thesis investigates the morphological, orthographic and semantic features affecting the word reading process in Italian primary-school children and at the same time the different reading units which young readers are able to rely on. In Chapter 1, an overview on reading models and on studies showing a complex scenario of results has been proposed. In Chapter 2, a pseudoword reading task has been carried out in order to provide evidence of a lexical reading in Italian children that can be based on whole-word representations. In Chapter 3, we aimed at presenting a morphological-oriented coding scheme of reading errors performed by Italian children in a morphologically complex words reading. This analysis showed reliability on morphemic structure when children read morphologically complex words, and their ability to use morphemes as intermediate grain size reading units. Chapters 4 and 5 presented a new measure, the Orthography-Semantics Consistency (OSC), quantifying the consistency of the orthographic and semantic information carried in a word, and moving from the hypothesis that orthographic-semantic associations, even if they are not morpheme-mediated, play a crucial role in word reading process over and above morpheme units. In order to validate OSC measure from a developmental point of view, a morphological masked priming task and a simple lexical decision task have been first performed by a group of English children, as OSC measure was validated on English language data only (Chapter 4), and then by a group of Italian children (Chapter 5).
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Randolph, Amanda. "The Portrayal of the Family Unit In Children’s Choice Award Books." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1363622755.

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Waner, Lisa Marie. "An integrated, thematic, literature-based unit for middle school." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/876.

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Everson, Michael Erwin. "The effect of word-unit spacing upon the reading strategies of native and non-native readers of Chinese : an eye-tracking study /." Connect to resource, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1243525239.

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Kim, Woojae. "Understanding the connectionist modeling of quasiregular mappings in reading aloud." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1171994549.

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Shea, Anne. "Visual Response: A Curriculum Unit Integrating Book Arts and Literature in the Elementary Classroom." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/art_design_theses/93.

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This study focused on the integration of book arts in a fifth grade classroom. As an art teacher turned regular education teacher I was interested in the effects of integrating art into the area of reading. The curriculum unit consists of two lessons in which the students were invited to use books arts as a means of expression and comprehension. The lessons correlated with the novel Number the Stars, by Lois Lowry. The results include my observations and reflections as a practicing elementary teacher.
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Griffith, Bonnie L. "A hands-on approach to literature: Designing a grade 1-3 whole language literature unit." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1989. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/432.

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Fiorindo, Marcia Ann Musket. "How to transition from a traditional classroom to a whole language classroom by implementing a fourth grade social studies-language arts unit that meets the needs of all students." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/896.

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Books on the topic "Reading unit"

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Reading (Unit 1). Macmillan McGraw-Hill, 2003.

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Reading- Book1 Unit 3 Teacher's Edition (Reading, Book 1 Unit 3). Macmillan / MacGraw - Hill, 2005.

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Angela Shelf Medearis. McGraw-Hill Reading, Unit 4, Kindergarten (McGraw-Hill Reading, Unit 4). McGraw-Hill School Division, 2001.

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Macmillan McGraw-Hill Reading-Unit 4 Teacher's Edition (Reading, Unit 4). McGraw-Hill, 2003.

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Reading workbook: Unit 5. Crockett, Kentucky: Rod and Staff Publishers, Inc., 1988.

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Reading workbook: Unit 4. Crockett, Kentucky: Rod and Staff Publishers, Inc., 1987.

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Reading workbook: Unit 2. Crockett, Kentucky: Rod and Staff Publishers, Inc., 1988.

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Reading workbook: Unit 3. Crockett, Kentucky: Rod and Staff Publishers, Inc., 1987.

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Reading Street Unit 4-6 (Reading Street). Pearson, 2007.

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al, Peter Afflerbach et. Reading Street Indiana Unit 2.1. Scott Foresman, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Reading unit"

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Wright, Benjamin D., and A. Jackson Stenner. "Readability and Reading Ability." In Explanatory Models, Unit Standards, and Personalized Learning in Educational Measurement, 89–107. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3747-7_7.

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Sedláčková, Jitka, Lenka Tóthová, Nicola Nunn, and JunHui Yang. "Unit 4: Strategies for Reading. Student’s Booklet." In DEAFinitely English, 1–35. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.m280-0141-2022-4.

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Fisher, William P., and A. Jackson Stenner. "Theory-Based Metrological Traceability in Education: A Reading Measurement Network." In Explanatory Models, Unit Standards, and Personalized Learning in Educational Measurement, 275–93. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3747-7_21.

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AbstractHuge resources are invested in metrology and standards in the natural sciences, engineering, and across a wide range of commercial technologies. Significant positive returns of human, social, environmental, and economic value on these investments have been sustained for decades. Proven methods for calibrating test and survey instruments in linear units are readily available, as are data- and theory-based methods for equating those instruments to a shared unit. Using these methods, metrological traceability is obtained in a variety of commercially available elementary and secondary English and Spanish language reading education programs in the U.S., Canada, Mexico, and Australia. Given established historical patterns, widespread routine reproduction of predicted text-based and instructional effects expressed in a common language and shared frame of reference may lead to significant developments in theory and practice. Opportunities for systematic implementations of teacher-driven lean thinking and continuous quality improvement methods may be of particular interest and value.
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Stenner, A. Jackson. "Measuring Reading Comprehension with the Lexile Framework." In Explanatory Models, Unit Standards, and Personalized Learning in Educational Measurement, 63–88. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3747-7_6.

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AbstractImplicit in the idea of measurement is the concept of objectivity. When we measure the temperature using a thermometer, we assume that the measurement we obtain is not dependent on the conditions of measurement, such as which thermometer we use. Any functioning thermometer should give us the same reading of, for example, 75 °F. If one thermometer measured 40 °, another 250 and a third 150, then the lack of objectivity would invalidate the very idea of accurately measuring temperature.
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Stenner, A. Jackson, Ivan Horabin, Dean R. Smith, and Malbert Smith. "Most Comprehension Tests Do Measure Reading Comprehension: A Response to McLean and Goldstein." In Explanatory Models, Unit Standards, and Personalized Learning in Educational Measurement, 57–62. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3747-7_5.

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AbstractThere is nothing wrong with the NAEP reading exercises, the sampling design, or the NAEP Reading Proficiency Scale, these authors maintain. But adding a rich criterion-based frame of reference to the scale should yield an even more useful tool for shaping U.S. educational policy.
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Berninger, Virginia W., and Teresa M. Hart. "From Research to Clinical Assessment of Reading and Writing Disorders: The Unit of Analysis Problem." In Reading Disabilities: Diagnosis and Component Processes, 33–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1988-7_2.

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Stenner, A. Jackson, and Mark Stone. "Generally Objective Measurement of Human Temperature and Reading Ability: Some Corollaries." In Explanatory Models, Unit Standards, and Personalized Learning in Educational Measurement, 167–77. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3747-7_13.

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AbstractWe argue that a goal of measurement is general objectivity: point estimates of a person’s measure (height, temperature, and reader ability) should be independent of the instrument and independent of the sample in which the person happens to find herself. In contrast, Rasch’s concept of specific objectivity requires only differences (i.e., comparisons) between person measures to be independent of the instrument. We present a canonical case in which there is no overlap between instruments and persons: each person is measured by a unique instrument. We then show what is required to estimate measures in this degenerate case. The canonical case encourages a simplification and reconceptualization of validity and reliability. Not surprisingly, this reconceptualization looks a lot like the way physicists and chemometricians think about validity and measurement error. We animate this presentation with a technology that blurs the distinction between instruction, assessment, and generally objective measurement of reader ability. We encourage adaptation of this model to health outcomes measurement.
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Fisher, William P., and A. Jackson Stenner. "On the Complex Geometry of Individuality and Growth: Cook’s 1914 “Curves of Life” and Reading Measurement." In Explanatory Models, Unit Standards, and Personalized Learning in Educational Measurement, 315–21. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3747-7_24.

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AbstractGrowth in reading ability varies across individuals in terms of starting points, velocities, and decelerations. Reading assessments vary in the texts they include, the questions asked about those texts, and in the way responses are scored. Complex conceptual and operational challenges must be addressed if we are to coherently assess reading ability, so that learning outcomes are comparable within students over time, across classrooms, and across formative, interim, and accountability assessments. A philosophical and historical context in which to situate the problems emerges via analogies from scientific, aesthetic, and democratic values. In a work now over 100 years old, Cook's study of the geometry of proportions in art, architecture, and nature focuses more on individual variation than on average general patterns. Cook anticipates the point made by Kuhn and Rasch that the goal of research is the discovery of anomalies—not the discovery of scientific laws. Bluecher extends Cook’s points by drawing an analogy between the beauty of individual variations in the Parthenon’s pillars and the democratic resilience of unique citizen soldiers in Pericles’ Athenian army. Lessons for how to approach reading measurement follow from the beauty and strength of stochastically integrated variations and uniformities in architectural, natural, and democratic principles.
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Stenner, A. Jackson, and Mark H. Stone. "Does the Reader Comprehend the Text Because the Reader Is Able or Because the Text Is Easy?" In Explanatory Models, Unit Standards, and Personalized Learning in Educational Measurement, 133–52. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3747-7_11.

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AbstractDoes the reader comprehend the text because the reader is able or because the text is easy? Localizing the cause of comprehension in either the reader or the text is fraught with contradictions. A proposed solution uses a Rasch equation to models comprehension as the difference between a reader measure and text measure. Computing such a difference requires that reader and text are measured on a common scale. Thus, the puzzle is solved by positing a single continuum along which texts and readers can be conjointly ordered. A reader’s comprehension of a text is a function of the difference between reader ability and text readability. This solution forces recognition that generalizations about reader performance can be text independent (reader ability) or text dependent (comprehension). The article explores how reader ability and text readability can be measured on a single continuum, and the implications that this formulation holds for reading theory, the teaching of reading, and the testing of reading.
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Fisher, William P., and A. Jackson Stenner. "A Technology Roadmap for Intangible Assets Metrology." In Explanatory Models, Unit Standards, and Personalized Learning in Educational Measurement, 179–98. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3747-7_14.

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AbstractMeasurement plays a vital role in the creation of markets, one that hinges on efficiencies gained via universal availability of precise and accurate information on product quantity and quality. Fulfilling the potential of these ideals requires close attention to measurement and the role of technology in science and the economy. The practical value of a strong theory of instrument calibration and metrological traceability stems from the capacity to mediate relationships in ways that align, coordinate, and integrate different firms’ expectations, investments, and capital budgeting decisions over the long term. Improvements in the measurement of reading ability exhibit patterns analogous to Moore’s Law, which has guided expectations in the micro-processor industry for almost 50 years. The state of the art in reading measurement serves as a model for generalizing the mediating role of instruments in making markets for other forms of intangible assets. These remarks provide only a preliminary sketch of the kinds of information that are both available and needed for making more efficient markets for human, social, and natural capital. Nevertheless, these initial steps project new horizons in the arts and sciences of measuring and managing intangible assets.
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Conference papers on the topic "Reading unit"

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Li, Zhe, Peisong Wang, Hanqing Lu, and Jian Cheng. "Reading selectively via Binary Input Gated Recurrent Unit." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/705.

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Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have shown great promise in sequence modeling tasks. Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) is one of the most used recurrent structures, which makes a good trade-off between performance and time spent. However, its practical implementation based on soft gates only partially achieves the goal to control information flow. We can hardly explain what the network has learnt internally. Inspired by human reading, we introduce binary input gated recurrent unit (BIGRU), a GRU based model using a binary input gate instead of the reset gate in GRU. By doing so, our model can read selectively during interference. In our experiments, we show that BIGRU mainly ignores the conjunctions, adverbs and articles that do not make a big difference to the document understanding, which is meaningful for us to further understand how the network works. In addition, due to reduced interference from redundant information, our model achieves better performances than baseline GRU in all the testing tasks.
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Kawai, Hideo, and Yoshinori Takeuchi. "Processing Unit for Stacked Optical Computing System: Discrete Digital Correlator." In Optical Computing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/optcomp.1995.omc8.

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We have proposed the stacked optical computing system (STOCS)1 which has advantages of mechanical stability and miniaturization compared to conventional optical systems using lenses and beam splitters. The system has many processing units (STOCS-PUs) which consist of planar optical devices such as a functional interconnection device (FIC), an optical addressable spatial light modulator (SLM), and a reading light supplier (RLS)1,2. Functions of FICs are image splitting, image combining and space invariant/variant other interconnections. Output images from the FIC are written on the writing side of the SLM. The RLS is placed on the SLM, and it supplies reading light to the reading side of the SLM and transmits reading images from the SLM. We demonstrated reading out function of the RLS, and images directly written on the SLM were successfully read out2.
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Hagen, Andreas, and Bryan L. Pellom. "Data driven subword unit modeling for speech recognition and its application to interactive reading tutors." In Interspeech 2005. ISCA: ISCA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2005-704.

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Munukutla, Sastry S., Robert P. M. Craven, and Michael R. Coffey. "Performance Monitoring of Coal-Fired Units in Real-Time." In ASME 2009 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2009-81113.

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Power plant performance monitoring can be accomplished in real-time using the data already available on the plant computer in the control room. Because of this, plant operators can be provided with quantitative real-time feedback on the impact of any operational change on plant efficiency and economics. With funding from several major U.S. Utilities and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) the Center for Energy Systems Research (CESR) at Tennessee Technological University (TTU) has developed a Real-Time Performance Monitoring System for evaluating plant operations continuously. The calculations are based on the output/loss method. Coal analysis in real-time is obtained by using information on flue gas composition. This is a unique technology developed at CESR. The steady-state thermodynamic model includes on the fire-side the FD and ID fans, the air preheater, the coal pulverizers and the boiler. It includes flow rate, pressure and temperature of the feedwater, main steam, cold reheat steam and the hot reheat steam on the steam-side of the calculations. The model performs calculations and displays results every minute (or whatever averaging time is chosen) by reading relevant data from the plant computer. One of the primary advantages of this method is that it can be customized to a given unit with given instrumentation. The Real-Time Performance Model has been successfully installed in 10 coal fired units in the U.S.A., four 200 MW units in New Zealand, one 200 MW unit in India and one 900 MW unit in China. In this paper the output/loss method will be introduced. The thermodynamic model with which calculations are performed will be described in detail. Field results from several units around the world will be presented. Examples of strategies for performance enhancement based on real-time performance monitoring will be discussed.
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Chien, Chi-Hui, and Chun-Hung Chen. "Using Statistic Method to Calculating and Monitoring the Corrosion Rate of Petroleum Process Piping." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93201.

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In chemical plants and most refineries, some process piping is suffered from metal thinning. Take carbon steel piping for example, each component such as elbow, tee, direct piping, branches, reducers are suffered thinning no matter the piping is still in using or not. So, with an eye to personal safety and smooth operation held in the chemical plants and refineries, every effort put in the inspections should be correctly getting knowledge about the deterioration conditions. Normally, to check the piping thinning condition is to perform the ultrasonic thickness spot gauging at each component of the piping. Through the thickness reading, inspectors could get the information about the piping remaining thickness, calculate the corrosion rate, and evaluate the remaining life at each part of the piping spools. However, when one puts an eye on the piping inspection management and deterioration conditions about the piping system in the operating unit, the variation condition of the inspection thickness data, in some view points, always play an important part as corrosion information hidden in the thickness data group. Besides, by considering the variation condition of the thickness data, the inspectors can get a more conservative and satisfactory corrosion rate data about the whole piping spool. By plotting the histogram of the corrosion data; inspectors can get a more clear idea about the deterioration condition of the whole operating unit. In this paper, the ultrasonic thickness survey is reported from the pre-selected susceptible areas of deterioration such as the injection points, elbow, tee etc. (as suggested by the API 570 Code and the API recommended practice 574). After collecting the thickness readings, the statistic skill is used to evaluate the corrosion rate of each piping spool in the operating unit. After the statistic calculations, the inspectors can analyze the evaluated corrosion rate data by plotting the histogram of the evaluated upper bound corrosion rate values. With the trend shown in the histogram, the inspectors can easily get knowledge about the deteriorating condition of the operating unit. Finally, in order to discuss the feasibility of the proposed method, the inspection data of two piping spools will be used as the examples. Also, a site survey result performed in the lubricant rerun unit shows the effectiveness of this statistic calculation method.
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Ekong, Otuekong E., Anthony U. Etim, and Anietie P. Ekong. "Automated Real-Time Electricity Supply Monitoring System." In 27th iSTEAMS-ACity-IEEE International Conference. Society for Multidisciplinary and Advanced Research Techniques - Creative Research Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/isteams-2021/v27p2.

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In many developing countries, several homes are yet to be fitted with the traditional electro-mechanical meter or newer smart meter for measuring electricity consumption. As such, distribution network operators resort to estimated billing. This work proposes a low cost and easy-to-install alternative capable of monitoring the duration of supply which can be used as the basis to generate bills for unmetered customers. The Recursive Waterfall model guided its design and implementation. The system comprises of Electricity Supply Monitoring (ESM) Hub and ESM App. The Hub is the sensing unit and is designed using ATmega328 microcontroller on Arduino Uno board together with HC-05 Bluetooth module for communication. The App is the display/storage unit and comes with two variants: ESM Mobile App developed using Python and ESM Desktop App developed using C#. Results show the system is capable of providing timely feedback for consumers and real-time transparency for electricity supply industry stakeholders. Keywords: Energy consumption, energy informatics, meter reading, power measurement, smart meters.
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Kati'e Hashim, Saddam. ""The impact of the regulatory environment and the quality of accounting information in narrowing the quality of expectations, the performance and responsibility of the auditor "." In 11th International Conference of Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges. University of Human Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/icearnc/4.

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"The acceleration of changes in the global economy has made it necessary for economic units to take into account the regulatory environment and develop it in a manner appropriate to the developments taking place, including the search for systems that meet the achievement of quality information in general and accounting information in particular, in order to take appropriate decisions from management on the one hand, and investors and stakeholders in units On the other hand, to determine their investment decisions or not, which is provided by the auditor through his examination of the financial statements and accounting records in order to give an opinion on the fairness of the financial statements and accounts and their compliance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles GAAP or International Financial Reporting Standards Financial Reporting Standards IFRS, Through his annual report, which is based on the existence of an effective internal control system. Which is reflected in narrowing the expectations gap between what users expect of the financial statements from the results of the audit process for the activities of the economic unit, in contrast to the effort made by the auditor based on relevant and scientific standards approved, and the convergence of the two parties’ views in reading the reality of the financial position, and in a way that serves the regulatory environment In the economic unit to provide the best in the field of business in the economy and competition. The research methodology centers on the importance of identifying a sound regulatory environment that is effective in producing quality accounting information and its impact on narrowing the lack of expectations in the performance of the auditor and his lack of responsibility more than the specific responsibilities due to his failure to exercise the necessary professional care "
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8

Kati'e Hashim, Saddam. ""The impact of the regulatory environment and the quality of accounting information in narrowing the quality of expectations, the performance and responsibility of the auditor "." In 11th International Conference of Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges. University of Human Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/4.

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"The acceleration of changes in the global economy has made it necessary for economic units to take into account the regulatory environment and develop it in a manner appropriate to the developments taking place, including the search for systems that meet the achievement of quality information in general and accounting information in particular, in order to take appropriate decisions from management on the one hand, and investors and stakeholders in units On the other hand, to determine their investment decisions or not, which is provided by the auditor through his examination of the financial statements and accounting records in order to give an opinion on the fairness of the financial statements and accounts and their compliance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles GAAP or International Financial Reporting Standards Financial Reporting Standards IFRS, Through his annual report, which is based on the existence of an effective internal control system. Which is reflected in narrowing the expectations gap between what users expect of the financial statements from the results of the audit process for the activities of the economic unit, in contrast to the effort made by the auditor based on relevant and scientific standards approved, and the convergence of the two parties’ views in reading the reality of the financial position, and in a way that serves the regulatory environment In the economic unit to provide the best in the field of business in the economy and competition. The research methodology centers on the importance of identifying a sound regulatory environment that is effective in producing quality accounting information and its impact on narrowing the lack of expectations in the performance of the auditor and his lack of responsibility more than the specific responsibilities due to his failure to exercise the necessary professional care "
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Al-Tuwaijri, Jasem. "Steam Turbine’s Damage Assessment." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24370.

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A turbo generator unit at Al-Khobar power and desalination plant (7 years old) was unable to start due to high vibration. Vibration trend increasing was noticed in the beginning of 2006 and inflated in 2007 due to unbalance which came to acceptable limits after rotor low speed balancing. Fortunately, this inspection prevented a complete damage of turbine due to detached of casing’s top pressure sensor’s sleeve which was digging into nozzle box body and created a big hole and was few millimeters from the rotor. Site repair was done for the nozzle box as per OEM procedure and sensor was omitted since it is not related to control system. In addition, both journal bearings were getting discoloration and pitting in left side due to selected operation mode of steam admission (partial arc mode) which shifting axis of rotation to left side by 30 μm and increases vibration reading compare to full arc mode. Also, another unit found with similar problems which seems to be a design issue. So an assessment study was done to evaluate the design.
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Cole, Rachel, Alexis Hernandez, Bryan Spencer, Rick Cully, and Alyssa Franklin. "Digital Pressure Testing Software Improves Safety and Efficiency When Applied to Well Intervention Campaign." In SPE/ICoTA Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209012-ms.

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Abstract Well intervention requires reliable pressure data and real-time monitoring of multiple annuli simultaneously to confirm appropriate pressure response of actuated valves and components. The current industry standard uses traditional monitoring methods which involve reading digital crystal gauges and manually recording the values at increments for interpretation. This paper presents a case study where the operator reduced the probability of human error, and improved assurance and safety by utilizing a digital solution during an intervention campaign. During operations, personnel used digital pressure testing software to monitor annulus pressures while performing acid stimulation pressure pumping operations and verified test outcomes during additional intervention operations. To conduct these tests, pressure transducers were tied into the locations where a digital gauge would normally be located, and cables connected to a data acquisition unit for interpretation by operations personnel. The software monitored and analyzed the data in real time to validate the operator's criteria, and all real-time data was able to be viewed both on-site and remotely. When tests completed, reports were auto generated and stored for ease of access. The process described above resulted in a safer testing environment by utilizing transducer cables and a data acquisition unit, allowing personnel to remain a safe distance away, as opposed to the traditional method of taking manual readings near pressurized areas. High resolution digital data was constantly monitored, instead of taking readings in increments, allowing for the improved visualization of annulus or tubing pressures in real time and improving the efficiency of operations. This on-site and remote real-time visualization allowed for better communication and interpretation of appropriate pressure response when shifting sleeves, equalizing pressures, or performing coiled tubing cleanouts. When all intervention work was completed, a comprehensive end of well report was generated to provide a record of all operations and reduce communication errors during handover or subsequent operations throughout the well lifecycle. This digital software solution and equipment tie in used for intervention operations provides a safer environment, more accountability, improved decision making, and more efficient communication in handover. The ability for real time monitoring of pressure response improves participation and collaboration between personnel both on-site and in remote locations. Comprehensive documentation provides an auditable history of events which can be used to improve future operations and promote best practices.
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Reports on the topic "Reading unit"

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Matera, Carola. Incorporating Scaffolded Dialogic Reading Practice in Teacher Training: An Opportunity to Improve Instruction for Young Dual Language Learners in Transitional Kindergarten. Loyola Marymount University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.policy.4.

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Findings from a joint collaborative between the Center for Equity for English Learners (CEEL) at Loyola Marymount University and the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) to provide professional development and coaching to Transitional Kindergarten (TK) teachers on the Scaffolded Dialogic Reading (SDR) are presented in this policy brief. SDR is a method to enhance language skills through dialogue and research-based scaffolds between teachers and small groups of children mediated through repeated readings of storybooks. The purpose of this brief is to: 1) state the opportunity to ensure Dual Language Learner (DLL) support within California’s TK policy; 2) provide a synthesis of research findings; and 3) provide TK professional learning and policy recommendations that would allow for the inclusion of professional development on evidence-based practices purposefully integrated with DLL supports. Policy recommendations include: 1) utilize professional learning modules such as SDR in 24 ECE unit requirement for TK teachers; 2) include individuals with ECE and DLL expertise in the ECE Teacher Preparation Advisory Panel; and 3) allocate additional funds in the state budget for training on SDR, in-classroom support for TK teachers of DLLs, and evaluation of these efforts.
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KellerLynn, Katie. Redwood National and State Parks: Geologic resources inventory report. National Park Service, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287676.

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Comprehensive park management to fulfill the NPS mission requires an accurate inventory of the geologic features of a park unit, but Comprehensive park management to fulfill the NPS mission requires an accurate inventory of the geologic features of a park unit, but park managers may not have the needed information, geologic expertise, or means to complete such an undertaking; therefore, the Geologic Resources Inventory (GRI) provides information and resources to help park managers make decisions for visitor safety, planning and protection of infrastructure, and preservation of natural and cultural resources. Information in the GRI report may also be useful for interpretation. park managers may not have the needed information, geologic expertise, or means to complete such an undertaking; therefore, the Geologic Resources Inventory (GRI) provides information and resources to help park managers make decisions for visitor safety, planning and protection of infrastructure, and preservation of natural and cultural resources. Information in the GRI report may also be useful for interpretation. This report synthesizes discussions from a scoping meeting for Redwood National and State Parks (referred to as the “parks” throughout this report) held in 2004 and a follow-up conference call in 2019. Two GRI–compiled GIS data sets of the geology and geohazards of the parks are the principal deliverables of the GRI. The GRI GIS data are available on the GRI publications website http://go.nps.gov/gripubs and through the NPS Integrated Resource Management Applications (IRMA) portal https://irma.nps.gov/App/Portal/Home. Enter “GRI” as the search text and select a park from the unit list. Writing of this report was based on those data and the interpretations of the source map authors (see “GRI Products” and “Acknowledgements”). A geologic map poster illustrates the geology GRI GIS data set and serves as a primary figure for this GRI report. No poster was prepared for the geohazards GRI GIS data set. Additionally, figure 7 of this report illustrates the locations of the major geologic features in the parks. Unlike the poster, which is divided into a northern and southern portion to show detail while accommodating the parks’ length, figure 7 is a single-page, simplified map. The features labeled on figure 7 are discussed in the “Geologic History, Features, and Processes” chapter. To provide a context of geologic time, this report includes a geologic time scale (see "Geologic History, Features, and Processes"). The parks’ geologic story encompasses 200 million years, starting in the Jurassic Period. Following geologic practice, the time scale is set up like a stratigraphic column, with the oldest units at the bottom and the youngest units at the top. Organized in this manner, the geologic time scale table shows the relative ages of the rock units that underlie the parks and the unconsolidated deposits that lie at the surface. Reading the “Geologic Event” column in the table, from bottom to top, will provide a chronologic order of the parks’ geologic history. The time scale includes only the map units within the parks that also appear on the geologic map poster; that is, map units of the geohazards data are not included. Geology is a complex science with many specialized terms. This report provides definitions of geologic terms at first mention, typically in parentheses following the term. Geologic units in the GRI GIS data are referenced in this report using map unit symbols; for example, map unit KJfrc stands for the Cretaceous (K) and Jurassic (J) Franciscan Complex (f), Redwood Creek schist (rc), which underlies a portion of the Redwood Creek watershed (see “GRI Products”).
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Durik, Amanda, Steven McGee, Edward Hansen, and Jennifer Duck. Comparing Middle School Students’ Responses to Narrative Versus Expository Texts on Situational and Individual Interest. The Learning Partnership, April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.51420/conf.2014.1.

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This project examined the effects of text genre on both situational and individual interest. Middle school students completed a three-session web-based learning module in the domain of ecology wherein they were randomly assigned to either narrative or expository readings that were matched on key idea units and other variables. Students reported individual interest in ecology on the day before and after their exposure to the module. Affective and cognitive situational interest was measured after the readings on each day of the module. The results showed that expository readings were perceived as more helpful for learning than were narrative readings, but this varied somewhat by initial individual interest. Although the narrative versions did not facilitate situational interest, there was a small effect on individual interest suggesting that learners exposed to narrative readings came to perceive the domain of ecology as a more meaningful discipline than did those exposed to expository readings.
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