Journal articles on the topic 'Reader-to-reader interference'
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Do-Yun Kim, Hyun-Goo Yoon, Byung-Jun Jang, and Jong-Gwan Yook. "Effects of Reader-to-Reader Interference on the UHF RFID Interrogation Range." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 56, no. 7 (July 2009): 2337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2009.2012451.
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Yoon, H., and B. J. Jang. "Performance Degradation Analysis of UHF-Band RFID System Due To Reader-To-Reader Interference." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 26, no. 5-6 (April 2012): 681–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2012.710789.
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Hou, Pengfei, Jianping Gong, and Jumin Zhao. "A Physical Layer Security Enhancement Scheme under the Ambient Backscatter System." Symmetry 13, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13010005.
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In this paper, we proposed a scheme that Injects artificial noise from the tag end (IANT) to enhance the physical layer security of the ambient backscatter communication (ABC) system. The difference between the ABC system and the traditional radio frequency identification system is whether it uses the radio frequency (RF) signals in the environment to supply energy and modulation information for passive tags. In the IANT scheme, we select the best tag to communicate with the reader according to the channel quality between tags and reader, and at the same time select another tag to generate artificial noise that affects the receiving effect of the eavesdropper. This paper uses the method of generating noise copies in the reader to reduce the interference of artificial noise on the signal received by the reader. The simulation results show that with the increase in channel quality between tags and reader and the increase in the number of tags, the proposed IANT scheme is significantly superior to the contrast scheme in terms of system achievable secrecy rate, effectively enhancing the physical layer security of the ABC system.
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Sayeed, Md SakilIbne, YoungSoo Kim, Hoongee Yang, and Jong-Gwan Yook. "A solution to the RFID reader interference problem using adaptive beam-forming approach." IETE Technical Review 28, no. 1 (2011): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0256-4602.74511.
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Talhouni, Khaled. "Stephen J. Glain. Mullahs, Merchants, and Militants: The Economic Collapse of the Arab World. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2005. 350 pages. $25.95. Hardback." Pakistan Development Review 45, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 498–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v45i3pp.498-499.
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In this book, Former Wall Street Journal reporter Stephen Glain sets out to answer an extremely broad and difficult question: namely why is it that the Arab world, specifically the Levantine region, has consistently underperformed economically since the beginning of the 20th century. The book provides the reader with a somewhat in-depth analysis of the political, social and economic state of six Arab nations (Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, the Palestinian territories, Egypt, and Iraq). By breaking down his analysis into country-specific chapters, Glain enables the reader to understand the multi-faceted problems facing the region as a whole. In doing so, Glain shows the reader a common thread of bad governance, corruption, negative external interference, and protectionism; the thread that runs through all these nations, causing economic decay.
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Treffers-Daller, Jeanine. "Borrowing and shift-induced interference: Contrasting patterns in French–Germanic contact in Brussels and Strasbourg." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 2, no. 2 (August 1999): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728999210206.
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Lan, Hai Yan, Hong Tao Song, Yun Long Zhao, and Guo Yin Zhang. "A Resource Allocation Algorithm in RFID System." Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (May 2013): 2462–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.2462.
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For problem of limited resources in the RFID (Radio frequency identification) system, a power resource allocation scheme is proposed. The method aims to maximize the system throughput, using cultural algorithm (CA) to search for the optimal power allocation scheme. By dynamically adjusting the signal transmission power of the reader, the overlap area between the reader can be reduced so that the maximum reading range can be obtained. Simulation results show that the algorithm has better performance in the system throughput and energy consumption, reducing the impact of interference between the readers and efficiently using the resources in RFID system.
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Aronsson, Mattias. "Den litteraturvetenskapliga receptionsforskningen och internet." Tidskrift för litteraturvetenskap 45, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54797/tfl.v45i1.9022.
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Reader-Response Criticism and the Internet: A Methodological Discussion
This article explores connections between Internet-based research and reader-response criticism, aiming to critically discuss the methodologies used in this particular field of research. First, the history of reader-response studies is briefly presented, with reference to theorists such as Richards, Rosenblatt, Robbe-Grillet, Iser and Jauss. It is noted that, for the past 15 years, people have utilised the Internet as a basis for the discussion of literary and reading-related topics. Researchers in this field may access reviews and commentaries on open web-based venues such as personal homepages, blogs and online forums (i.e. message boards and discussion sites). The material available on these sites is interesting because of its ”spontaneous” nature; that is, such material has been formulated and uploaded without the interference of the researcher.
The article presents one concrete example of an Internet-based reader-response study, discussing a number of pros and cons of the chosen methodology– including some important ethical considerations that arise when the researcher’s corpus is composed of material taken from the Internet. One of the conclusions of the paper is that many aspects of the general public’s web-based responses to literature are yet to be explored by the research community.
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Ripperger, Simon P., Niklas Duda, Alexander Kölpin, and Gerald G. Carter. "Simultaneous Monitoring of the Same Animals with PIT Tags and Sensor Nodes Causes No System Interference." Animal Behavior and Cognition 7, no. 4 (November 1, 2020): 531–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26451/abc.07.04.05.2020.
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Recent technological advances have multiplied the variety of biologgers used in wildlife research, particularly with small-bodied animals. Passive integrated transponders (PIT) have been used for decades to log visits of tagged animals at reader-equipped artificial feeders or roost boxes. More recently, novel miniaturized sensor nodes can collect data on social encounters among tagged individuals in any location. Combining these systems allows researchers to gather high-resolution tracking data on certain individuals from their long-term PIT-tagged animal populations. However, there can be a risk of interference among tracking systems. Here we tested whether placing an additional biologging sensor on top of a PIT tag might attenuate the magnetic field reaching the PIT tag and, in turn, hamper reading success of the radio-frequency identification (RFID) reader. We also evaluated data transmission by a digital sensor node in the presence of a magnetic field created by the RFID antenna. The combination of this RFID system and wireless biologging sensors works without error, suggesting that the simultaneous use of PIT tags and other digital biologgers, e.g., miniaturized GPS-loggers, should also work together properly when communication channels do not overlap. The combination of long-term monitoring with PIT tags and short-term tracking with biologging sensor nodes creates exciting new opportunities to gather rich social data when individuals are not present at RFID reader stations.
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Lee, Yoon-Deock, Do-Yun Kim, Hyun-Goo Yoon, Jong-Gwan Yook, and Byung-Jun Jang. "A Study on the Reduction of RFID System's Interrogation Range with Respect to Reader Interference." Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 18, no. 7 (July 31, 2007): 731–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2007.18.7.731.
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&NA;. "READER RESPONDS TO “A NEW ADAPTIVE COHERENT INTERFERENCE” MODEL ALGORITHM FOR REMOVAL OF POWER-LINE." Journal of Clinical Engineering 20, no. 5 (September 1995): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004669-199509000-00007.
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Hong, Tao, Yixuan Jiang, and Cui Wang. "Optimization Method of RFID Reader Antenna Deployment in Obstacle Environment Based on Improved FA." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2022 (September 24, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7897644.
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The aim of this study is to solve the problem of RFID reader antenna deployment when an obstacle in the environment or the material itself is an obstacle. The article establishes a new reader antenna constraint model based on the rectangular obstacle RFID antenna deployment optimization environment model and the reader antenna sensing model containing Gaussian distribution noise probability and applies the improved firefly algorithm to find the optimum with coverage rate, interference degree, and load balance function as multiobjective functions. First, to obtain a uniform traversal of the target space, and a cube mapping is applied for chaos initialization. Second, a weighting model is proposed to control the speed of firefly variation and combine the variable step strategy of elite individuals to expand the movement step of elite individuals and reduce the movement step of nonelite individuals to improve population diversity. Finally, to improve the algorithm’s continuous optimality-seeking ability, a Gaussian variation operation strategy based on elite fireflies is introduced to ensure the algorithm’s optimality-seeking throughout the process.
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Hussein, Isam, Basil Jasim, and Ramzy Ali. "A Modified BA Anti-Collision Protocol for Coping with Capture Effect and Interference in RFID Systems." Future Internet 10, no. 10 (October 1, 2018): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi10100096.
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Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has widely been used in the last few years. Its applications focus on auto identification, tracking, and data capturing issues. However, RFID suffers from the main problem of tags collision when multiple tags simultaneously respond to the reader request. Many protocols were proposed to solve the collision problems with good identification efficiency and an acceptable time delay, such as the blocking anti-collision protocol (BA). Nevertheless, most of these protocols assumed that the RFID reader could decode the tag’s signal only when there was one tag responding to the reader request once each time. Hence, they ignored the phenomenon of the capture effect, which results in identifying the tag with the stronger signal as the multiple tags simultaneously respond. As a result, many tags will not be identified under the capture effect. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to take the capture effect phenomenon into consideration in order to modify the blocking BA protocol to ensure a full read rate, i.e., identifying all the tags in the frame without losing any tag. Moreover, the modifications include distinguishing between collision and interference responses (for the period of staying tags) in the noisy environments, for the purpose of enhancing the efficiency of the identification. Finally, the simulation and analytical results show that our modifications and MBA protocol outperform the previous protocols in the same field, such as generalized query tree protocols (GQT1 and GQT2), general binary tree (GBT), and tweaked binary tree (TBT).
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Galina Vasil’evna, Mikheeva. "Alexander Ivanovich Krasovsky – librarian of the Imperial Public Library." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg State University of Culture, no. 2 (51) (2022): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30725/2619-0303-2022-2-168-176.
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The name of Alexander Ivanovich Krasovsky – the odious censor of the Nikolaev era – is well known to the enlightened reader. Like anecdotes, there are his unfounded nit-picking of writers and poets of the first quarter of the 19th century, interference in the personal lives of subordinates, the desire to suspect and exterminate sedition in the most harmless statements. At the same time, his impeccable service in the Imperial Public Library for 23 years, his participation in the solemn opening of the Imperial Public Library for readers on January 2 (14), 1814, and the preparation of reports for the first years of its activity remain in the shadow. Krasovsky’s role as one of the founders of reader studies and recommendatory bibliography in the first national library of Russia, its first historiographer deserves special attention.
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Osman, Radwa Ahmed, Sherine Nagy Saleh, Yasmine N. M. Saleh, and Mazen Nabil Elagamy. "A Reliable and Efficient Tracking System Based on Deep Learning for Monitoring the Spread of COVID-19 in Closed Areas." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24 (December 8, 2021): 12941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182412941.
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Since 2020, the world is still facing a global economic and health crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic. One approach to fighting this global crisis is to track COVID-19 cases by wireless technologies, which requires receiving reliable, efficient, and accurate data. Consequently, this article proposes a model based on Lagrange optimization and a distributed deep learning model to assure that all required data for tracking any suspected COVID-19 patient is received efficiently and reliably. Finding the optimum location of the Radio Frequency Identifier (RFID) reader relevant to the base station results in the reliable transmission of data. The proposed deep learning model, developed using the one-dimensional convolutional neural network and a fully connected network, resulted in lower mean absolute squared errors when compared to state-of-the-art regression benchmarks. The proposed model based on Lagrange optimization and deep learning algorithms is evaluated when changing different network parameters, such as requiring signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio, reader transmission power, and the required system quality-of-service. The analysis of the obtained results, which indicates the appropriate transmission distance between an RFID reader and a base station, shows the effectiveness and the accuracy of the proposed approach, which leads to an easy and efficient tracking system.
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Cha, Kainan, Anil Ramachandran, and Sarangapani Jagannathan. "Adaptive and Probabilistic Power Control Algorithms for RFID Reader Networks." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 4, no. 4 (October 1, 2008): 347–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15501320701344107.
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In radio frequency identification (RFID) systems, the detection range and read rates will suffer from interference among high power reading devices. This problem grows severely and degrades system performance in dense RFID networks. Consequently, medium access protocols (MAC) protocols are needed for such networks to assess and provide access to the channel so that tags can be read accurately. In this paper, we investigate a suite of feasible power control schemes to ensure overall coverage area of the system while maintaining a desired read rate. The power control scheme and MAC protocol dynamically adjusts the RFID reader power output in response to the interference level seen during tag reading and acceptable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We present novel distributed adaptive power control (DAPC) and probabilistic power control (PPC) as two possible solutions. A suitable back off scheme is also added with DAPC to improve coverage. Both the methodology and implementation of the schemes are presented, simulated, compared, and discussed for further work.
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Gao, Xingyue, Huanli Lou, and Qingyuan Miao. "An RFID multi-Tag anti-collision algorithm based on Successive Interference Cancellation with power adaptive regulation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2246, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2246/1/012079.
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Abstract Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a key technology supporting the Internet of Things (IoT). The simultaneous identification of multiple Tag signals by a Reader will generate the Tag collision problem, which will significantly reduce the identification efficiency of the system and prolong the identification time in the scenario of large-scale Tags. In order to solve this problem, this paper researches RFID Tag collision prevention algorithm, and establishes a multi-Tag collision prevention algorithm model by analyzing the Aloha Tag collision prevention algorithm, which can accurately portray the slot efficiency and time efficiency of the system when recognizing multiple Tags; then establishes a power adaptive regulation RFID multi-Tag identification algorithm using Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) technology. After simulation and verification results show that the constrained Reader can resolve the signal to noise ratio threshold of 6.9db, the slot efficiency and time efficiency of the SIC-based RFID Tag anti-collision algorithm is improved by 179% and 154% compared to the ISOC algorithm; the designed RFID power adaptive regulation algorithm is improved by 259% and 203% compared to the ISOC algorithm in terms of slot efficiency and time efficiency 203%.
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Tamayo Segarra, Jose Ignacio, Bilal Al Jammal, and Hakima Chaouchi. "New IoT proximity service based heterogeneous RFID readers collision control." PSU Research Review 1, no. 2 (August 14, 2017): 127–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prr-03-2017-0019.
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Purpose Internet of Things’ (IoT’s) first wave started with tracking services for better inventory management mainly using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. Later on, monitoring services became one of the major interests, including sensing technologies, and then more actuation for remote control-type of IoT applications such as smart homes, smart cities and Industry 4.0. In this paper, the authors focus on the RFID technology impairment. They propose to take advantage of the mature IoT technologies that offer native service discovery such as blutooth or LTE D2D ProSe or Wifi Direct. Using the automatic service discovery in the new framework will make heterogeneous readers aware of the presence of other readers and this will be used by the proposed distributed algorithm to better control the multiple RFID reader interference problem. The author clearly considers emerging Industry 4.0 use case, where RFID technology is of major interest for both identification and tracking. To enhance the RFID tag reading performance, collisions in the RFID frequency should be minimized with reader-to-reader coordination protocols. In this paper, the author proposes a simple distributed reader anti-collision protocol named DiSim that makes use of proximity services of IoT network and is compliant with the current RFID standards. The author evaluates the efficiency of the proposal via simulation. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the author proposes a simple distributed reader anti-collision protocol named DiSim that makes use of proximity services of IoT network and is compliant with the current RFID standards. The author evaluates the efficiency of the proposal via simulation to study its behavior in very dense and heterogeneous RFID environments. Specifically, the author explores the coexistence of powerful static readers and small mobile readers, comparing the proposal with a standard ETSI CSMA method. The proposal reduces significantly the number of access attempts, which are resource-expensive for the readers. The results show that the objectives of DiSim are met, producing low reader collision probability and, however, having lower average readings per reader per time. Findings DiSim is evaluated with the ETSI standard LBT protocol for multi-reader environments in several environments with varied levels of reader and tag densities, having both static powerful RFID readers and heterogeneous randomly moving mobile RFID readers. It effectively reduces the number of backoffs or contentions for the RFID channel. This has high reading success rate due to the avoided collisions; however, the readers are put to wait, and DiSim has less average readings per reader per time. As an additional side evaluation, the ETSI standard LBT mechanism was found to present a good performance for low-density mid-coverage scenarios, however, with high variability on the evaluation results. Research limitations/implications To show more results, the author needs to do real experimentation in a warehouse, such as Amazon warehouse, where he expects to have more and more robots, start shelves, automatic item finding on the shelve, etc. Practical implications Future work considers experimentation in a real warehouse equipped with heterogeneous RFID readers and real-time analysis of RFID reading efficiency also combined with indoor localization and navigation for warehouse mobile robots. Social implications More automatization is expected in the future; this work makes the use of RFID technology more efficient and opens more possibilities for services deployment in different domains such as the industry which was considered not only in this paper but also in smart cites and smart homes. Originality/value Compared to the literature, the proposal offers the advantage to not be dependent on a centralized server controlling the RFID readers. It also offers the possibility for an existing RFID architecture to add new readers from a different manufacturer, as the readers using the approach will have the possibility to discover the capabilities of the new interaction other RFID readers. This solution takes advantage of the available proximity service that will be more and more offered by the IoT technologies.
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Kong, Hongshan, and Bin Yu. "Modeling and Optimization of RFID Networks Planning Problem." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2019 (December 7, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2745160.
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Aimed at solving the RFID networks planning problem, a mathematical model considering tag coverage and reader interference is presented. The DEEPSO algorithm that adds differential evolution and evolutionary strategies to the standard PSO is introduced to the optimization of RFID Networks Planning, which can improve the global convergence ability and particle diversity and can avoid falling into local convergence. According to the simulation results, compared with RFID networks planning by standard PSO, RFID networks planning by DEEPSO is superior.
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Volodina, N. V. "Introduction as a Genre of Auto-Commentary in Works of I. S. Turgenev." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 2 (March 3, 2021): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-2-163-174.
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The phenomenon of the author’s reflection on his works is considered on the basis of the introductions by I. S. Turgenev. The absence of special works on this topic allows us to speak about the novelty of the study. Its relevance is associated with raising the question of the specifics and role of the author’s understanding of the meaning of his own works and its correlation with the perception of the reader. The results of a comparative analysis of all of Turgenev’s introductions are presented in the article. The attitude of Turgenev to the opinion of the reader and criticism is shown. It is proved that Turgenev’s introductions “do not justify” their theoretical expectations, because the writer deliberately refuses to comment on the intentionality and meaning of his works in them. It is concluded that this allows the writer to express a theoretically important idea about the “non-interference” of the writer in the text he created. Particular attention is paid to the “Introduction to the Novels”, which is a kind of metatext uniting all six works of this genre, which allows Turgenev to determine the main direction and principles of his work. It is shown that these issues are considered by the writer in the context of general aesthetic problems: the specifics of artistic cognition, freedom of creativity, the conscious and unconscious in art, the relationship between the artist and the critic / reader, etc.
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Futatsumori, Shunichi, Yoshifumi Kawamura, Takashi Hikage, Toshio Nojima, Ben Koike, Hiroshi Fujimoto, and Takeshi Toyoshima. "In vitro Assessment of Electromagnetic Interference due to Low-Band RFID reader/writers on Active Implantable Medical Devices." Journal of Arrhythmia 25, no. 3 (2009): 142–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1880-4276(09)80013-6.
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Schaaf, Tory M., Kurt C. Peterson, Benjamin D. Grant, Prachi Bawaskar, Samantha Yuen, Ji Li, Joseph M. Muretta, Gregory D. Gillispie, and David D. Thomas. "High-Throughput Spectral and Lifetime-Based FRET Screening in Living Cells to Identify Small-Molecule Effectors of SERCA." SLAS DISCOVERY: Advancing the Science of Drug Discovery 22, no. 3 (December 13, 2016): 262–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057116680151.
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A robust high-throughput screening (HTS) strategy has been developed to discover small-molecule effectors targeting the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA), based on a fluorescence microplate reader that records both the nanosecond decay waveform (lifetime mode) and the complete emission spectrum (spectral mode), with high precision and speed. This spectral unmixing plate reader (SUPR) was used to screen libraries of small molecules with a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor expressed in living cells. Ligand binding was detected by FRET associated with structural rearrangements of green fluorescent protein (GFP, donor) and red fluorescent protein (RFP, acceptor) fused to the cardiac-specific SERCA2a isoform. The results demonstrate accurate quantitation of FRET along with high precision of hit identification. Fluorescence lifetime analysis resolved SERCA’s distinct structural states, providing a method to classify small-molecule chemotypes on the basis of their structural effect on the target. The spectral analysis was also applied to flag interference by fluorescent compounds. FRET hits were further evaluated for functional effects on SERCA’s ATPase activity via both a coupled-enzyme assay and a FRET-based calcium sensor. Concentration-response curves indicated excellent correlation between FRET and function. These complementary spectral and lifetime FRET detection methods offer an attractive combination of precision, speed, and resolution for HTS.
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Worathumrong, Sakulrat. "“How the Furby Coming is…”: Interference of First Language and Culture in Thai EFL Learners’ Paragraph Writing." English Language Teaching 14, no. 10 (September 28, 2021): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v14n10p92.
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This study investigated features of first language and cultural interference in Thai EFL learners’ English paragraph writing on popular culture. Drawing from theoretical grounds of interlanguage, language interference, and rhetorical interference, the sample of 30 English paragraphs of Thai EFL undergraduate learners was examined quantitatively and qualitatively. The English writing included 15 paragraphs from the Thai learners with high exposure to English language (TEH) group, and 15 paragraphs from those with the low exposure to English language (TEL) group. Using analysis models of metadiscourse markers and topical progressions, the findings revealed the preference of both groups in the use of interactive and interactional devices as well as SP, PP, and EPP types of topical progressions. The preference highlights the feature of oral-based, inductive, or reader-responsible writing orientation with a possibility of writing development, especially among the TEHs to reach expectation of the target language readers. The findings encourage assessing the Thai EFL learners’ writing as a process and raising frequent awareness of both language and rhetorical interferences when writing English texts. As the introductory stage during COVID-19 remote learning, writing to express learners’ interests could be used as an effective communication strategy for a positive instructor-learner relationship which assists the learners to further engage in the class in a more meaningful way.
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Rascon, Caleb. "A Corpus-Based Evaluation of Beamforming Techniques and Phase-Based Frequency Masking." Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 23, 2021): 5005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155005.
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Beamforming is a type of audio array processing techniques used for interference reduction, sound source localization, and as pre-processing stage for audio event classification and speaker identification. The auditory scene analysis community can benefit from a systemic evaluation and comparison between different beamforming techniques. In this paper, five popular beamforming techniques are evaluated in two different acoustic environments, while varying the number of microphones, the number of interferences, and the direction-of-arrival error, by using the Acoustic Interactions for Robot Audition (AIRA) corpus and a common software framework. Additionally, a highly efficient phase-based frequency masking beamformer is also evaluated, which is shown to outperform all five techniques. Both the evaluation corpus and the beamforming implementations are freely available and provided for experiment repeatability and transparency. Raw results are also provided as a complement to this work to the reader, to facilitate an informed decision of which technique to use. Finally, the insights and tendencies observed from the evaluation results are presented.
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Saadi, Hadjer, Ahmed Rnnane, Rachida Touhami, and Mustapha C.E. Yagoub. "Behavioral Simulation of ISO 18000-6 Type-C Class 1 Gen2 Protocol for RFID UHF Transponder and its Application as Anti-collision Protocol in Interference Case." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.28 (May 16, 2018): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.28.12944.
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In RFID systems, the Transponder Protocol usually uses the standard ISO 18000-6 Type-C Class 1 Generation 2, originally developed to communicate with the reader. Since a typical RFID system could be used in a myriad of tasks from product identification to environmental sensing, behavioral software functionality and hardware cost constraints are extremely constricted, principally due to their ¶standard’s requirements.¶ Thus, in this paper, an advanced behavioral simulation of the Tag ID layer of ISO 18000-6 Type-C protocol is proposed with all its states, commands and functionality, a crucial step toward effective design and test. The approach was then successfully applied to collision issues in interference case.
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Liu, Yun Xiang, Ping Zhu, Hao Wang, and Xin Xin Yuan. "New Research for Traffic State Identification." Applied Mechanics and Materials 571-572 (June 2014): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.571-572.291.
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The article proposed a new research. The method may avoid interference of reverse drive vehicle by installing back-to-back reader in section, adopting active electronic tags to expand the scope and accuracy about reading and writing, using the information including the number of electronic tags in scanning section, update ratio, residence time to build the linkage system between control system and vehicle-mounted electronic tags, and cooperating with the signal condition in intersection, to make the discrimination of traffic state, especially the discrimination of congestion state. The method could identify the traffic state effectively, which was verified by simulated experiment through secondary development of VISSIM.
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Men, Yu Zhuo, Hai Bo Yu, Hua Wang, and Jin Gang Gao. "Research on Radio Frequency Identification Technology in Automated Press Line." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.176.
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Automated press line is a kind of very important device in the production of automobiles, and its production quality and efficiency have a direct influence on the production efficiency and quality of automobiles. Automated pressing is the effective measure and major way to increase the productivity and improve the working conditions. Some pressing workshops is taken as examples in this paper to research into the working requirements of radio frequency identification (RFID), the interference in the process of identification, the selection of RFID reader, the selection of label, device purchasing, and the connection with computers, so as to make a comparison between the moulds and manage the moulds.
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Kochkareva, Irina Vitalevna. "Learning to Write Titles for Research Articles." Development of education 4, no. 4 (December 24, 2021): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-99843.
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The article discusses the basic guidelines for writing titles of articles intended for publication in scientific journals. The relevance of the topic touched upon in this article is due to the fact that currently teachers are faced with the need to train master degree students at both linguistic and non-linguistic faculties to write scientific articles in English. The title is a very important part of the article, since it presents in a concise form the main information about the content of the publication. A well-formulated title can interest the reader and make him or her eager to read the article. On the contrary, titles which are too complicated to understand, cumbersome, and vague are unlikely to attract attention and arouse the interest of a potential reader. The aim of the study is to provide an overview of guidelines for writing titles that can be found in the English-language literature. The author also analyzes the typical mistakes that Russian-speaking authors make when writing titles of articles in English. Research methods include analysis, description, observation, comparison. The results of the study showed that the most common causes of errors in the formulation of titles are linguistic interference and ignorance of the peculiarities of the English-speaking communicative culture related to written communication in the scientific field. It is concluded that the course «Written academic communication in English» should be included in the Master course program, which will familiarize students with the main features of scientific articles in English and teach future authors to correctly formulate the titles of their publications.
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Hammond, C. "A note on Newton's measurements of film thicknesses and their corresponding (interference) colours." Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 55, no. 3 (September 22, 2001): 391–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2001.0153.
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Newton's Opticks is a classic of scientific literature which is readily accessible to the general reader and from which his powers of observation, measurement and deduction may be recognized unequivocally. The fourth (1730) edition, last reprinted by Dover Publications in 1979, includes a Preface by I. Bernard Cohen, a Foreword by Albert Einstein and an Introduction by Sir Edmund Whittaker. More recently A. Rupert Hall's All Was Light: An Introduction to Newton's Opticks 1 provides a comprehensive review and analysis of the book, its preparation and subsequent reception. The object of this note is to examine a small but significant part of Newton's work in the Opticks , that of his measurements of the thicknesses of air, water and muscovy glass (i.e. muscovite) films and their corresponding interference colours, which appear in Parts I and II of the second book.
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ŁUKASIEWICZ, Henryk. "DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND OPPORTUNITIES TO USE SENSORS AND SENSOR NETWORKS FOR MILITARY PURPOSES." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 160, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0002.2947.
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The use of sensors is the subject of research and heated discussions not only in our country. Through the creation of network centric warfare - NCW, the intensity of research about the use of sensors for military applications are on the increase. The use of sensors and sensor networks for the military forces must meet several requirements, which are not only related to their costs. These requirements are primarily associated with the reconnaissance possibilities of sensors, resistance to electromagnetic interference or with maintaining security of data transmission. This publication is the first from series of publications about sensors and sensors networks for military applications. Its purpose is to familiarize the reader with issues related to the construction of sensors as well as with the physical quantities measured by them.
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Kong, Ying Hui, Xiang Yuan Fu, and Zhi Xiong Chen. "Design of a Temporary Ground Wire Monitoring System and Reliability Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 599-601 (August 2014): 878–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.599-601.878.
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Considering the current situation that ground wire is short of automated management, a temporary ground wire monitoring system is designed in this paper. In this system, RC 522 RFID reader chip is used to achieve reliable information collection of the state of ground wire and ZigBee chip CC2530 is used to achieve accurate information transmission. A comprehensive test is conducted. Against the interference, obstacles blocking and network congestion issues in a substation, proposes to increase routing nodes, adjust letter spacing, etc. to improve communication reliability. The system can achieve real-time monitoring of the status of temporary ground wire in a substation job site,with high reliability and good effect,which is worth being extended.
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Lam, Agnes S. L., Charles A. Perfetti, and Laura Bell. "Automatic phonetic transfer in bidialectal reading." Applied Psycholinguistics 12, no. 3 (September 1991): 299–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400009243.
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ABSTRACTThis study investigated phonetic activation in reading a nonalphabetic script – Chinese. Since the Chinese ideographic script can be read with more than one dialectal pronunciation, a reader who has learned to read in two dialects will have two pronunciations for the same word stored in his memory. Thus, interference effects will occur. Sixteen subjects who read in Cantonese and Mandarin and 16 subjects who read in Mandarin but not in Cantonese were tested in a similarity judgment task based on pairs of Chinese words that were pronounced the same or differently in one or both of the dialects. That automatic phonetic activation would occur even for an ideographic script such as Chinese was supported by the results.
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Zhang, Shuang, Yuxin Gong, and Guokai Zhu. "Detection Method Based on RFID Tag on the Metal Surface." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2395, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2395/1/012037.
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Abstract In radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, RFID tags’ work on the metal surface is greatly affected by the metal, and the read/write distance and read rate of the tag will be reduced along with the change of the distance between the tag and the metal surface. Aiming at this feature, this paper studies and designs two kinds of metal-resistant UHF RFID micro-strip tags with a center frequency of 915MHz according to the “resonant cavity principle” and HFSS simulation software. After optimization, the size of the tag antenna is reduced. Through the distance expression and experiment, we verify the maximum recognition distance between the reader, and the tag can reach 3.46m, which can solve the problem of conventional RFID tags by metal interference.
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Carlin, Sean, and Kevin Curran. "An Active Low Cost Mesh Networking Indoor Tracking System." International Journal of Ambient Computing and Intelligence 6, no. 1 (January 2014): 45–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaci.2014010104.
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Indoor radio frequency tracking systems are generally quite expensive and can vary in accuracy due to interference, equipment quality or other environmental factors. Due to these limiting factors of the technology, many businesses today find it hard to justify investing in RFID tracking technologies to improve the safety, efficiency and security of their working environments. The aim of this project was to provide a budget RFID tracking system that was capable of tracking a person or object through an indoor environment. To minimize the cost of the RFID tracking system, the components of the system were built from existing electronic equipment and hardware. The software was also written to minimize licensing and support fees allowing a cost effective budget RFID tracking system to be developed. The tracking system consists of a tag, reader nodes and a PC reader which utilize synapse RF 100 engines with python scripts embedded on to the chips. The tracking system software operates through a web portal utilizing web technologies such as HTML, JavaScript and PHP to allow the tags location to be represented on a two dimensional map using scalable vector graphics. During development of the system a new trilateration algorithm was developed and used convert the signals received from the tag to a virtual position on the map correlating to the actual physical position of the tag. A unique contribution of this system is the low cost of building which we estimate as less than £200 UK sterling for a five node system.
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Khuat Dinh, Chinh, and Lan Tran Thi. "A high gain wideband array antenna based on metasurface for ETC application." Transport and Communications Science Journal 73, no. 7 (September 15, 2022): 713–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47869/tcsj.73.7.5.
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Free flow electronic toll collection (FFETC) has played an important role in building convenient and safe transportation systems in many countries. The most challenging problem when researching and developing this system is shortening the payment cycle so that vehicles passing through the stations do not need to stop or keep going at a speed greater than 60 Km/h. Designing roadside unit (RSU) reader antennas with high gain and suitable radiation pattern is the most feasible and economical solution. This paper proposes a left-handed circularly polarized (LHCP) 2×4 array antenna using sequential phase rotation power dividers at 5.8 GHz band. The element antenna is a square patch antenna with a slit in the middle for better impedance matching, six trapezoidal parasitic patches added to either side of the main patch to create resonance at high frequencies, and a metasurface placed on top of the main patch. The proposed metasurface is a 4×4 array of dual circular unit cells to improve gain and extend axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The proposed antenna array has a high gain of 17 dBi, -3 dB vertical and horizontal beamwidths of 33.20 and 17.10, which cover over one lane, are expected for any ETC system to avoid interference with other lanes. Impedance bandwidth and AR bandwidth are 2.19 GHz (37.75%) and 2.06 GHz (35.52%), respectively. The overall dimensions of the proposed array antenna are approximately 152×76×6.4 mm3. With the above merits, this antenna is a suitable candidate for the RSU reader antenna in the FFETC
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Dong, Kai, Jie Ding, Yuan-Ye Yan, Li Lu, and Yi-Sai Wang. "RNA interference targeting NOX4 protects visual function in an experimental model of retinal detachment by alleviating blood-retinal barrier damage." International Journal of Ophthalmology 14, no. 1 (January 18, 2021): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2021.01.07.
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AIM: To observe the effects of the inhibition of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression on the retinal vascular barriers and visual function after retinal detachment (RD). METHODS: RD model was established 3wk after adeno-associaned virus vector injection. The retinal tissue was harvested 3d after RD, and the death of retinal vascular endothelial cells and photoreceptors was observed using electron microscopy. The NOX4 expression was detected by Western blot. Confocal microscopy was used to observe a retinal patch that had been perfused with Evans blue. A modified water maze test was used to detect the time required to find the platform on the water surface. The visual function of the rats was evaluated and reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression was detected by a fluorescence microplate reader. RESULTS: The retinal patch showed that NOX4 interference significantly reduced the destruction of the tight junctions between the retinal endothelium of RD rats and reduced leakage. Western blotting showed decreased expression of the NOX4 protein and decreased expression of ROS in retinal tissue; the Morris water maze test results showed that NOX4 interference significantly decreased the escape latency of the rats. CONCLUSION: NOX4 interference reduces the production of ROS in retinal vascular endothelial cells after experimental RD, thereby protecting the blood-retinal barrier and protecting visual function.
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Pennucci, Jason, Steve Swanson, Arunan Kaliyaperumal, and Shalini Gupta. "Multiplexed Evaluation of a Cell-Based Assay for the Detection of Antidrug Neutralizing Antibodies to Panitumumab in Human Serum Using Automated Fluorescent Microscopy." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 15, no. 6 (May 27, 2010): 644–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057110370893.
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The method described here employs a high-content cell-based assay format for the detection of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) to panitumumab, a fully human monoclonal antagonistic antibody to the human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor in human serum (screening assay). A specificity assay was also developed and qualified to confirm that the neutralizing activity was attributable to the presence of NAbs and not due to serum interference (serum interference assay). The ArrayScan IV HCS reader was used for the measurement of tyrosine phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and STAT-1 redistribution between the cytoplasm and nucleus in the human epidermoid carcinoma cell line A431. Assay conditions were developed by (1) optimizing the response of the A431 cells to recombinant human EGF in pooled human serum, (2) evaluating the ability of panitumumab to inhibit the EGF response, and (3) assessing the assay’s sensitivity for detecting a positive control affinity purified rabbit polyclonal anti-panitumumab antibody. Panitumumab dose-dependently inhibited 4 ng/mL EGF, and the positive control antibody showed a dose-dependent neutralization of 50 ng/mL panitumumab. The experiments indicated that in comparison to STAT-1 translocation, EGFR phosphorylation was the optimal endpoint for the screening and serum interference assays. Assay cut points were derived for the screening and serum interference assays by obtaining normalized ratios of mean fluorescence intensity values obtained with EGFR phosphorylation by testing sera from healthy human donor sera. The assay sensitivity was determined to be 0.125 µg/mL for the positive control antibody.
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Held, Paul, and Lenore Buehrer. "The Synergy™ HT: A Unique Multi-Detection Microplate Reader for HTS and Drug Discovery." JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 8, no. 2 (April 2003): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1535-5535-04-00251-5.
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Pharmaceutical and biotechnology research requires instrumentation to be both functional and versatile. In the HTS and Drug Discovery environments, microplate-based assays are developed to make determinations on large numbers of samples. Regardless of the assay protocol, the end result is the measurement by some sort of detection device. Towards that end, Bio-Tek has developed the Synergy™ HT Multi-Detection Microplate Reader. Synergy HT utilizes two independent sets of optics to provide uncompromised performance. For absorbance measurements, there is a xenon-flash lamp with a monochromator for wavelength selection and photodiode detection. This allows the selection of any wavelength for endpoint or kinetic measures from 200 nm to 999 nm in 1 nm increments, as well as spectral scans. Traditional visible wavelength fluorescence measurements are made using a tungsten-halogen lamp with interference filters (excitation and emission) for wavelength selection and photomultiplier (PMT) detection. Glow luminescence measurements are also easily accomplished in Synergy H T. If time-resolved or UV excitation fluorescence measurements are required, Synergy HT automatically integrates the xenon-flash-monochromator excitation with the interference emission filter and PMT detection. Typical applications include antibody-antigen binding, receptor-liquid binding, ELISA, nucleic acid quantitation using fluorescent dyes or direct UV analysis. Synergy HT is capable of reading any plate format up to 384-well plates and provides temperature control up to 50°C and shaking as standard features. It is compact (16″ W × 15″ D × 10″ H) and robotics-compatible through the OLE functionality of the KC4™ data reduction software that is bundled with the instrument. An upgrade to CFR 21 Part 11 compliant software is also available.
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Ariyani, Etika. "INDONESIA’S INTERFERENCE IN TRANSLATING TEXT INTO ENGLISH TEXT." Linguistics and ELT Journal 3, no. 1 (June 7, 2015): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/leltj.v3i1.818.
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This research is aimed: (1) to reveal that interference of Indonesian language interrupt when the students at the sixth semester of FKIP in Muhammadiyah University of Mataram translate the English narrative past tense text; (2) to know the kinds of factors interrupted the students’ in translating English narrative the text. The population of study were students in FKIP Muhammadiyah University of Mataram. They consist of three classes from class A to C. The number of the population was 64 students so, the writer took only the 17 students as the samples, by using purposive sampling technique. The results of the research showed that: (1) among 17 students in class A do some interferences, they have less ability to construct the translation target text into the accuracy, acceptable and understandable/ readable sentences by the reader. Moreover, there are two main Indonesian interference found by the researcher, they were morphological interference by misunderstanding of using past tense sentences and syntactical interference by unstructured sentence in the target text, (2) The students’ only could get the range from 4 scores to 8 scores, where 5 students get very poor, 4 students get poor, 2 students get fair, 3 students get fairly good, 3 students get good. The students’ translation percentage for each standard such as accuracy is 16,5%, acceptable is 10,11%, readability is 5,47% and for total all of the students’ mean score is 51,9%, where it took on poor score of translation (3) There are 4 factors made the students difficult to translate the target text, they were 1. Disloyalty of the speakers and receiver 2 Insufficient of vocabulary in translating the source language into the target language, 3. The prestige of the source language and style, 4. Daily habits in the mother tongue influence target text, (4) The students’ translations result are 6 students got score of 0-3 namely very low level, 6 students got score of 5,5-6,5, who categorized as the low level, 2 students got the range score of 6,6-7,5, who categorized “sufficient level”, there are 3 students got this “high level” with the range score of 7,6-9,5, and no one getting the “highest level” score in the range of 9,6-10.
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Han, Shiying, and Zixiong Wang. "A Low-Complexity Resource Allocation for Multiple Access Passive IoT System." Electronics 8, no. 12 (November 28, 2019): 1421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121421.
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An ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) system with multiple backscatter devices (BDs) is investigated in this work. The cooperative reader receives the information from the primary transmitter (PT) and the multiple BDs simultaneously. With the asymptotic signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio (SINR) of the BDs, an optimization problem that jointly optimizes the reflection coefficients of BDs and the primary transmit power is formulated. Considering that the adaptive optimization of reflection coefficients according to the instantaneous primary channel state information (CSI) is unaffordable in practice, we propose a low-complexity resource allocation scheme, which results in a long-term configuration of the BD reflection coefficients before the primary transmit power is allocated. With the long-term reflection coefficients, the transmit power of the primary system is optimized by solving the transformed two cascaded optimization problems which have closed-form solutions. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
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Hoolihan, Daniel D. "Series of e-mail exchanges with a reader from India (Cherukupallir Rama Murthy) relative to sprague interference control techniques, technical paper 62-1 of 1962." IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine 4, no. 2 (2015): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memc.2015.7204046.
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Juang, Jih-Gau, and Chang-Yen Yang. "DOCUMENT DELIVERY ROBOT BASED ON IMAGE PROCESSING AND FUZZY CONTROL." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 40, no. 5 (December 2016): 677–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2016-0055.
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The objective of this study is to integrate image processing, pattern recognition, RFID, and fuzzy theory into an omnidirectional wheeled mobile robot for receiving and delivering documents between rooms. In image pre-processing, the Hue-Saturation-Lightness color space is applied to avoid light interference, and then grayscale image threshold is used to obtain binary image. The median filter is utilized to filter the noises of speckle and salt-and-pepper, so color segmentation is then applied to capture desired color for tracking control. Pattern recognition is performed by the Adaptive Resonance Theory. RFID reader and room tag is used to verify the room number of the destination so that the recognition error from image processing can be avoided. Fuzzy theory is implemented into an omnidirectional wheeled mobile robot control design for driving the wheels of the robot. Experimental results show that the proposed control scheme can make the omnidirectional mobile robot move to destination, receive and deliver documents between offices.
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Suhadolnik, Nejc, Jernej Rozman, Tilen Svete, Žiga Korošak, Maja Atanasijević-Kunc, and Anton Pleteršek. "Phase Detection and Modulation Improvement for Active Load Modulation during Continuous Transmission." Sensors 21, no. 18 (September 14, 2021): 6155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21186155.
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The paper covers one of the communication technologies used in wireless sensor networks. We have presented improvements in existing radio frequency identification (RFID) systems to address the problem of the phase selection in active load modulation (ALM). The phase selection affects the interoperability of communication devices and has to be addressed in the design phase of a new tag. A novel transmission method is presented to make the phase selection irrelevant for device interoperability. A second solution is shown to improve the existing system synchronization, which allows operation with arbitrary selected phase. A mathematical analysis of signals present on the antenna was used together with the reference reader model to perform an analysis of proposed improvements. We proved that the proposed transmission method is less affected by phase selection. Furthermore, we demonstrated that existing system improvement allows synchronization and operation at an arbitrarily selected phase despite the continuous transmission and large signal-to-interference ratio.
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RANA, Akash. "Commercial Maritime and Cyber Risk Management." Safety & Defense 5, no. 1 (December 27, 2019): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37105/sd.42.
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The starting point of the paper is the recognition of the growing threat of cyber-attacks to commercial maritime. Constantly growing dependency on technology has obvious advantages, on the other hand, however, it makes commercial maritime vessels progressively more vulnerable to cyber-crime, including GPS signal interference, malware attacks or even gaining control over ships’ systems and networks. The main objective of the paper is to present and discuss the Guidelines on Cyber Security Onboard Ships developed by the International Maritime Organization, including best practices for implementation of cyber risk management. The article’s goal is to summarize the guidelines and to familiarize the reader with the reasons why and the methods how they should be implemented. The paper is concluded with an example how the Guidelines can be adopted by national authorities, i.e., a brief presentation of “Code of Practice: Cyber Security for Ships” – a document developed by the British government that transposes the IMO guidelines.
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Mattayakan, M., S. Koonkarnkhai, P. Kovintavewat, and C. Warisarn. "Performance of staggered bit island spacing adjustment for a SRTR BPMR system." AIP Advances 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 025123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/9.0000409.
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One of the key problems facing the designer of data storage devices is how to handle the exponential rise in demand for information storage. To enhance the storage capacity of bit-patterned magnetic recording (BPMR) that stores one data bit in a single magnetic island, the spacing among bit islands, i.e., bit period and track pitch, must be reduced. However, the interference effects from both the across- and along-track directions are unavoidably increased, which leads to performance degradation. This paper proposes to utilize the proper spacing arrangement of magnetic islands for a single-reader two-track reading scheme to increase the staggered BPMR system’s storage capacity. We also study how the system performs for different distances between magnetic islands when track misregistration and media noise are present. Simulation results reveal that the staggered BPMR system with an appropriate magnetic island spacing can provide better performance than the traditional island placement, where the spacing between bit islands in across- and along-track directions is same.
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Kim, Tae, and Dong Kim. "Multi-Dimensional Sparse-Coded Ambient Backscatter Communication for Massive IoT Networks." Energies 11, no. 10 (October 22, 2018): 2855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102855.
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In this paper, we propose a multi-dimensional sparse-coded ambient backscatter communication (MSC-AmBC) system for long-range and high-rate massive Internet of things (IoT) networks. We utilize the characteristics of the ambient sources employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation to mitigate strong direct-link interference and improve signal detection of AmBC at the reader. Also, utilization of the sparsity originated from the duty-cycling operation of batteryless RF tags is proposed to increase the dimension of signal space of backscatter signals to achieve either diversity or multiplexing gains in AmBC. We propose optimal constellation mapping and reflection coefficient projection and expansion methods to effectively construct multi-dimensional constellation for high-order backscatter modulation while guaranteeing sufficient energy harvesting opportunities at these tags. Simulation results confirm the feasibility of the long-range and high-rate AmBC in massive IoT networks where a huge number of active ambient sources and passive RF tags coexist.
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Riabtseva, N. K. "Cross-Cultural Communication: Its Asymmetry and Authenticity." Nauchnyy Dialog, no. 4 (April 30, 2020): 130–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-4-130-150.
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The paper analyses a cross-cultural asymmetry in scientific papers and their titles in Russian and in English, exposes most characteristic distinctions between authentic scientific paper titles in both languages and shows explicit incongruency between authentic paper titles in English and those literally translated from Russian, which often demonstrate cross-linguistic interference between Russian and English academic style. Special attention is payed to its reasons and the ways to overcoming it, as well as to discrepancies in Russian vs. English academic style predetermined by their different grammatical organization and culture-specific cognitive and communicative dominants in the interaction between the author and the reader. The extensive corpus-based empirical data for the carried out contrastive investigation covers authentic scientific paper titles in Russian, their published translations into English, and authentic scientific paper titles from leading international linguistic journals, published in English in 2018-2020 and indexed in Scopus. The overall corpus volume is 7800 titles.
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Liu, Ma, Wang, Zhang, Yang, and Wang. "Passive multiple target indoor localization based on joint interference cancellation in an RFID System." Electronics 8, no. 4 (April 11, 2019): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8040426.
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Radio frequency identification (RFID) provides a simple and effective solution to the passive indoor localization. The conventional wisdom about RFID localization is using reference tags. It performs well in tag or passive single target localization. However, in the passive multiple target scenario, reference tag based localization suffers from some limitations, including the array aperture, mutual coupling of reference tags, and coherent superimposition signals. These problems are harmless and ignored in tag or passive single target localization, but degrade the performance severely in passive multiple target scenario. Therefore, in this paper, the authors propose a joint interference cancellation method to mitigate the effect of these limitations. Uniform circular array (UCA) of reference tags were used to reduce the interference of the array aperture. A carefully designed relative position of adjacent reference tags and a modified channel model were combined to reduce the mutual coupling. A virtual distributed reader antenna array was used to reduce the false positive and false negative estimations. The system was evaluated in real indoor environment using noodles and colas as targets and can work well in a smoky environment that is similar to some real industrial environments. The accuracy of target number estimation is 97.5%. The spatial resolution is about 30 cm, and the median error of 2-D multiple target localization is about 5.5 cm.
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Nazarewicz, Rafal R., Alfiya Bikineyeva, and Sergey I. Dikalov. "Rapid and Specific Measurements of Superoxide Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 18, no. 4 (November 27, 2012): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057112468765.
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Superoxide plays a key role in many pathological processes; however, detection of superoxide by one of the most common methods using dihydroethidium (DHE) may be unspecific because of overlapping fluorescence of the superoxide-specific product, 2-OH-ethidium (2OH-E), and the unspecific oxidation product, ethidium. Here, we show a new optimized fluorescence spectroscopy protocol that allows rapid and specific detection of superoxide in cell-free systems and intact cells using DHE. We defined new optimized fluorescent settings to measure the superoxide-specific product and minimize the interference of unspecific DHE oxidation products. Using this protocol, we studied real-time superoxide production by xanthine oxidase– and menadione-treated cultured cells. Specificity of the plate reader–based superoxide measurements was confirmed by the inhibition of fluorescence with superoxide dismutase and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. We show that limitations of the HPLC-based analysis can be overcome by the optimized fluorescence spectroscopy.
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Markovsky, Robert J., David W. Douglas, Ryan Sullivan, Alan C. Tran, David R. Legg, Lindsey W. McRobbie, Janine A. Schwartz, et al. "BL30SEC Method for Detection of Beta-Lactams in Raw Commingled Cow Milk: AOAC Performance Tested MethodSM 061902." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 103, no. 5 (April 25, 2020): 1268–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoacint/qsaa022.
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Abstract Testing milk for antibiotics before acceptance into dairies is required by the U.S. Pasteurized Milk Ordinance. Technological advances in tests have reduced screening times and improved detection accuracy. This work describes the validation of the Charm Rapid One Step Assay Beta-Lactam 30 Second Test according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Veterinary Medicine protocol for raw commingled milk. Milk is added to the lateral flow test strip in an incubator/reader to deliver a 30 second result. Independent laboratory validation followed sensitivity, interference, and incurred residue protocols. Sensitivity, in parts per billion (ppb = µg/kg), using a probit curve determined 90% percent detection with 95% confidence, which met National Conference of Interstate Milk Shipments (NCIMS) specifications. Six U.S. approved beta-lactam drugs were detected below, but within 50% of, target/tolerance levels for penicillin G 2.9 ppb, ampicillin 5.9 ppb, amoxicillin 5.8 ppb, cephapirin 13 ppb, cloxacillin 8.1 ppb, and ceftiofur metabolites 73 ppb. No interferences were observed from 33 animal drugs at 100 ppb, somatic cells at 1.2 million/mL, or bacterial levels of >300 000 CFU/mL. Incurred residue detection levels were similar to levels determined with the spiked parent compound. The data support NCIMS that the BL30SEC method met U.S. criteria for testing milk for beta-lactams.