Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Réactions organiques'
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Smutek, Bernhard. "Réactions Organiques des Alcools en Conditions Hydrothermales." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20180.
Full textThis thesis aims to study and to apply reactions of alcohols under hydrothermal conditions.Studies on 1-phenyl-ethanediol show an aldolisation, followed by an intramolecular Friedel-Crafts type reaction and an aromatisation. Finally, it ends up by as 1-phenyl-naphthalene.Ethylene glycol reacts on itself with a strong dependence on the temperature and the solvent. The conversion of 1,2-propanediol showed similar dependences and obtained even the aromatic compound mesitylene and especially the amount of products proves dependence on the temperature and the duration of the reaction. The main compounds can be used as solvents, as biofuel and for syntheses, whereas the byproducts might be biocarburants after hydrogenation.The Friedel-Crafts type reaction is transferred to an intermolecular one. Naphthalene and phenol are studied in more detail. 0.05mol/L HCl are enough in order to benzylate an aromatic compound at 180°C. HCl can be replaced by acetic acid or formic acid, but even concentrations of 1.0mol/L do not achieve results as good as 0.05mol/L HCl. The recycling of the aqueous phase of these reactions is advantageous. Additionally, benzyl alcohol alkylates benzyl alcohol and thus it can polymerize. Higher temperatures lead to longer polymers. This polymerization can be used in the domain of nuclear fuel recycling in order to separate platinum group metals out of a model solution
Combes, Sébastien. "Recherche d'espèces radicalaires dans les réactions d'arylation par les organobismuthiques." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11091.
Full textWeber, Jean-Victor. "Nouvelles réactions d'oxydoréduction polyphasiques en synthèse organique." Metz, 1986. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1986/Weber.Jean_Victor.SMZ8626.pdf.
Full textSupported reactifs present some advantages in organic synthesis : simplification of experimental procedures, use of common solvents, regeneration and reuse of support. The first goal of this work was the exploration of some new reactions using exchange resins. For classical functionel transformations or for sulfides and selenides preparations. Thus, we have realized : the hydrogenolysis of primary halides by a borohydrure resin. In the second part of this work, we extend the study of oxydatite properties of chlorite and hypochlorite salts. Thus we have found chemoselective conditions for the oxydation sulfide, sulfoxide using factorial design. We propose an previsionnal method for chemical shift determination in NMR 13C of sulfide, sulfone, sulfoxyde and selenide
Ramiandrasoa, Parfait. "Réactions de composés organomagnésiens avec des halogénures organiques en présence de sels de manganèse : réaction d'élimination, réaction de couplage." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066309.
Full textFélix, Didier. "Réaction d'allyltitanation : synthèses organiques régio-et stéréosélectives." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOS038.
Full textHanss, David. "Réactions de cyclisation de type biomimétique de cations chiraux de fer-tricarbonyle : nouvelles réactions de fluoration." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR13015.
Full textBuendia, Julien. "Nouvelles réactions de couplage catalysées par des sels de cuivre ou de manganèse." Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA132003.
Full textThree topics were studied during this Ph. D. Thesis. We first reported a new manganese-catalyzed oxidative cross-coupling reaction of alkynyl, alkenyl and aryl magnesium halides with oxygen as an oxidant. The reaction is chemo- and stereoselective, and allows obtaining a vast array of conjugated unsaturated products. We also developed a copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between alkynyl halides and alkyl or aryl Grignard reagents. The reaction is chemoselective, and allows obtaining a wide range of simple or functionalized alkynes in excellent yields. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the use of secondary and tertiary alkyl, as well as aryl Grignard reagents for this type of coupling. On the other hand, we disclosed simple procedures for the copper-catalyzed alkylation of alkyl and aryl magnesium halides with alkyl bromides. We also discovered that the copper-catalyzed substitution of alkyl halides can be performed using alkyl, aryl and vinyl lithium compounds. It should be noted that, to the best of our knowledge, organolithium compounds have never been used to perform alkylation reactions in the presence of a catalytic amount of copper. Finally, we disclosed a new method for the preparation of "salt free" diorganozinc compounds in two steps. This procedure allows a very simple access to various dialkyl and diarylzinc compounds in good yields
Cseri, Tivadar. "Utilisation de montmorillonites comme catalyseurs ou supports dans des réactions organiques." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10137.
Full textHamel, Jean-Denys. "Nouvelles réactions des fluorures allyliques et propargyliques comme partenaires électrophiles." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30225.
Full textOrganofluorine chemistry as a whole can be divided into two main topics. While the first concerns the synthesis of specific fluorinated moieties, either through the creation of C-F bonds or by the elaboration of an already fluorinated motif, the second one deals with the cleavage of the C-F bond, the strongest single bond carbon can make with any other element. The current study of the reactivity of allylic and propargylic mono- and difluorides with certain nucleophiles, separated in three projects for which catalysis ended being at the very core, had us delve into those two areas of organofluorine chemistry. The first project involves the preparation of monofluoroalkenes. Notwithstanding the abundant literature on the subject, a general and versatile route to monofluoroalkenes is still sought after. Our initial approach revolved around the nucleophilic substitution of 3,3-difluoropropenes. However, our attempts at platinum catalysis and nickel catalysis did not meet expectations. The breakthrough came from resorting to 3-chloro-3-fluoropropenes as no transition metal was now necessary in most cases for the allylic substitution to occur, and this with an unmatched scope of nucleophiles. The success of the transformation is only attributable to the difference in leaving group ability of a fluorine atom and a chlorine atom in geminal relationship. The second project focusses on C-F bond activation as applied to propargylic monofluorides. While strong conditions are commonplace for C-F bond activation, our group approaches this problem through hydrogen bonding, a weak interaction. This has led us to develop the Friedel-Crafts reaction of propargylic monofluorides. Finally, the last project concerns the hydrofunctionalization of propargylic gem-difluorides under gold catalysis. To this date, both the hydration and hydroalkoxylation reactions were explored. The transformation displays a perfect regioselectivity for nucleophilic attack onto the carbon of the alkyne distal to the fluorinated unit. DFT calculations point towards the electronic bias brought about by the fluorine atoms as being at the origin of this unusual selectivity.
Conreaux, David. "Synthèse d'analogues de la funiculosine et du cladobotryal par réactions de couplages palladocatalysées." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10211.
Full textFuniculosin and Cladobotryal have both a good antifungal activity. For this reason, it was of interest to elaborate analogues of these compounds in order to evaluate their biological activities. To this end, 4-alkoxy-1-alkyl-2-pyridones halogenated at positions 3 and/or 5 have been synthesized. These compounds were engaged in regio- or chemoselective palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions to access, on the one hand, differentially 3,5-diarylated pyridones as Funiculisin analogues and, on the other hand, a series of alkynylpyridones. The latter were further elaborated to reach a range of furo[3,2-c]pyridin-4-ones and furo[3,2-c]pyridin-6-ones disubstituted at positions 2 and 7 via a new radical deprotection/cyclisation reaction, as well as various furo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-ones trisubstituted at positions 2, 3 and 5, as Cladobotryal analogues, through iodocyclisation followed by various coupling reactions at position 3
Sani, Souna Sido Abdelkarim. "Réactions acido-catalysées en milieux zéolithes : des hydrocarbures aux synthons organiques polyvalents." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6183.
Full textThe work presented in this manuscript relates to the application of zeolites solid acids in petrochemistry and the Fine Organics synthesis. The zeolites catalysts show by their acid intrinsic properties and their properties resulting from the copper (I) modifications a high efficiency and great flexibility in their applications. The combination of isotopic labeling and spectroscopy NMR were used to understand the mechanistic processes in H/D exchange between small alkanes (isobutane, 2-MP, 3-MP and 3EP) and zeolites at room temperature. This exchange is not related to the accessibility of the protons on the surface of catalyst but linked to the reactivity of isoalcanes depending from their molecular structure. The comparative study on the cyclization of the arylvinylcétones informs us at the same time about the mechanistic aspect of the transformations, the specificity and the effectiveness of each material. The zeolite-type materials are able to lead chemical conversions as superacide liquids mediums via dicationic intermediates. The last part of this work shows the success of the Cu1-zeolites catalysts in organic chemistry. We developed a ligands free catalytic system, useful for the cycloadditions [3+2] of Huisgen and Dorn. This heterogeneous system offers a transformation of great quality, combining a broad compatibility of various chemical functions, a great regioselectivity and high yields
Gassmann, Dominique. "Nouvelles réactions de complexes organiques de fer tricarbonyle à fonction diazoi͏̈que libre." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13106.
Full textAregahegn, Kifle Zeleke. "Réactions photosensibilisées contribuant à la croissance et au vieillissement des aérosols atmosphériques organiques." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10266/document.
Full textAerosols are important constituents of the atmosphere and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) represent a main fraction of the organic aerosols in the total budget. This thesis mainly reports the investigation of three aspects of the growth and aging of SOA: the photosensitized SOA growth ; the mechanistic investigation of SOA aging and of the photochemistry of photosensitizers ; the analysis of the chemical composition of aged SOA. The photosensitized growth and aging processes of SOA were investigated using an aerosol flow tube coupled with various aerosol and gas sensing instruments. For further analysis of the aerosol composition and a better understanding of the formation and growth of SOA in these experiments the aerosols produced in the dark and in the light were sampled on filters at the exit of the flow tube
Liu, Fei. "Réactions de fluoration de dérivés azotés insaturés en milieu superacide." Poitiers, 2010. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2010/Liu-Fei/2010-Liu-Fei-These.pdf.
Full textIn superacid the reactivity of organic substrates is strongly modified and new reactions can be performed, which allows a rapid access to original products. In these conditions, multiple direct transformations occur and especially original fluorination reactions. This work was devoted to the study of the reactivity of unsaturated nitrogen derivatives in superacid (HF/SbF5) and to the development of new methods of fluorination of these compounds. Based on the formation of superelectrophilic dicationic intermediates, a new reaction of hydrofluorination has been developed. The use of superelectrophilic activation in superacid also allowed the original synthesis of benzofused sultams and/or fluorinated sulfonamides. After identification of reaction polycationic intermediates by NMR in situ analysis, a new synthetic route to gem-chlorofluoro nitrogen derivatives or gem-difluoro nitrogen derivatives has finally been set up
Foucoin, Florian. "Nouvelles méthodologies pour l'accès aux ions sulfénates et dérivés." Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN2039.
Full textOwing to their ambident and prochiral character, sulfenate salts RSO– are very attractive tools as precursors of sulfoxides (Salkylation). However, this potential remained overlooked until the last few years because of the lack of general and efficient methods for their access. In this context, we have recently reported a convenient approach using bsulfinylesters as substrates and involving a retro-Michael reaction initiated by a base. We have here developed an extension of this methodology to the formal generation of sulfur monoxide dianion SO2–, starting with a sulfinyl diester. Reaction with two equivalents of the appropriate base, followed by in situ trapping with alkyl halides led to symmetrical sulfoxides (25-90% yield). We have then identified 2-(trimethylsilylethyl) sulfoxides as an alternative source of sulfenates. The methodology, based on a fluoride-triggered fragmentation, was successfully applied to (het)aryl, 1-alkenyl and 1-alkynyl structures (yield of 50 to 90%). In contrast, the aliphatic congeners were distinctly more robust and survived under the reaction conditions. To circumvent this problem, we decided to switch to the related (2-phenyl-2-trimethylsilyl)ethyl derivatives (PTMSE). We were pleased to observe a remarkable improvement: the cleavage proceeded more easily (0 °C instead of 60 °C) for aromatic compounds and aliphatic structures were also suitable substrates. Thiolates and sulfinates were also efficiently produced using this protecting group
Chokri, Abdennadher. "Anions et radicaux germaniés : application : réactions par transfert monoélectronique." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30156.
Full textDelaloge, Francette. "Contribution à la synthèse totale du taxol." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EPXX0023.
Full textKegelaers, Yves. "Etude des effets de la cavitation acoustique sur des réactions organiques hétérogènes et homogènes." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211902.
Full textCaulier, Thibaud. "Etudes quantitatives de l'influence de la cavitation acoustique sur les réactions organiques en solution." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212377.
Full textCabon, Nolwenn. "Apports de nouveaux systèmes bimétalliques dans les réactions d'activation originales de molécules organiques insaturées." Brest, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BRES2004.
Full textMorin-Phelippeau, Brigitte. "Réactions de double carbonylation de dérivés organiques halogènes catalysées par les complexes du palladium." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066539.
Full textBendimerad, Amina. "Contribution à l'étude des dérivés du bismuth pentavalent : réactions d'échange - Propriétés de transport." Lille 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LIL10053.
Full textJouvin, Kévin. "Synthèse d'alcynes hétérosubstitués par réactions cupro-catalysées." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS0059.
Full textHetero-substituted alkynes are most useful building-blocks in organic synthesis and also display interesting properties, especially in medicinal chemistry. Besides the apparent simplicity of this scaffold, the synthesis of such molecules is still far away from being a trivial task and relies on complex procedures that often suffer from harsh conditions, or on the use of sophisticated reagents and usually lacks generality. We have developed various, general, mild and efficient processes for the synthesis of alkynes substituted by nitrogen, phosphorus and oxygen atoms. Altogether, these reactions should contribute to the development of the chemistry of these molecules, and to the expansion of copper organometallic chemistry as well
Besson, Laure. "Applications des réactions de carbopalladation et d'hydropalladation des allènes." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10259.
Full textJanvier, Pierre. "Nouvelles réactions multicomposants pour la synthèse à haut débit d'hétérocycles et de macrocycles." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112268.
Full textA new multicomponent reaction (MCR) affording 5-amino-oxazoles is reported. The reaction proceeds via imine formation followed by isocyanoacetamide addition and cyclisation of a nitrilium intermediate. Evidence of the efficiency of this reaction in term of yield and availability of the reagents is given. Versatility of 5-amino-oxazoles is also demonstrated, broadening the field of the MCR. Indeed, functional moieties of 5-amino-oxazoles (aza-diene and secondary amine) and various reagents are ideally combined to afford polysubstituted and diversified heterocyclic structures via domino processes. A four component process involving MCR and subsequently one-pot domino reaction is described, affording libraries of pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine-5-ones and 5,6-dihydro-furo[2,3-c]pyrrol-4-ones. A highly efficient five-component synthesis of (2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-ones) is also described. Straightforward synthesis of macrocycles by MCR is reported. This strategy leads to biologically interesting macrocycles with two oxazoles in one step. Reactions developed in this work are highly efficient in term of yield convergence, rapidity and diversity (structures and residues). These are the conditions requested for the development of high throughput syntheses of heterocycles and macrocycles
Bonard, Amélie. "Etude cinétique de réactions élémentaires d'intérêt pour la combustion : application aux réactions du radical OH avec des éthers et des acétals." Orléans, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ORLE2029.
Full textPouliquen, Mickaël. "3-aminopyrrolidines : vecteurs d'asymétrie en réactions organo et métallo-catalysées." Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN2031.
Full text3-Aminopyrrolidines are potentially great asymmetric catalysts and ligands. An original P,N ligand has been synthesised in 8 steps from a chiral 3-aminopyrrolidine (global yield of 21%). This ligand has proved efficiency in Hartwig-Buchwald and Tsuji-Trost cross coupling reaction with a modest ee of 40%. Within the growing field of organocatalysis, several original 3-aminopyrrolidines were prepared and evaluated as catalysts for the Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction. Among the diamine tested, (S)-(N,N,N')-trimethyl-3-aminopyrrolidine provided high yields and delivered ee up to 73% with electrons depleted benzaldehydes. The preparation of N-pyrrolidin-3-yl-sulfonamides led to the discovery of (R)-N-pyrrolidin-3-yl-trifluoromethanesulfonamide, a very efficient catalyst for Mannich reactions involving an ethyl glyoxalate derived imine with aldehydes or ketones. High anti selectivity associated to the availibility of the catalyst make this reaction very attractive for further asymmetric synthesis applications. This survey has shown that 3-aminopyrrolidines have an important potential as catalyst or ligand for assymetric synthesis. Their intrinsic hability to adopt a constrained norbonyl shape is probably an important feature of the chiral induction
Jacques, Frédéric. "Préparation de synthons chiraux par réactions enzymatiques énantiosélectives." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26268/26268.pdf.
Full textBernard, François. "Etude du devenir atmosphérique de composés organiques volatils biogéniques : réactions avec OH, O3 et NO2." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00517365.
Full textHarfouche, Hélène. "Etude de réactions de couplage électroorganique d'halogéniures mettant en oeuvre le procédé à anode soluble associé à une catalyse par le NiBr2bpy." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30099.
Full textSanchez-Jimenez, Graciela. "Réactions radicalaires en synthèse organique : approche synthétique de la (+_)-kirkine et nouvelle synthèse de pyrroles." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112013.
Full textIn this manuscript we try highlight the potentials of nitrogen centered radicals in organic synthesis. The principal aspect of our work has been to develop novel methods for generating nitrogen centered radicals. Thiosemicarbazide and thlosemicarbazones can undergo cleavage of the nitrogen-nitrogen bond with tributyltin hydride, to generate nitrogen centered radicals. The amidyl radicals are capable of creating complex structures by tandem cyclisations. An exemple is illustrated in this work: the formation of indolizidine and pyrrolizidine cycles. We have succesfally generated iminyl radicals by cleavage of thiosemicarbazones with peroxides such as lauroyle peroxide. We have utilised this method of generating N-centered radicals in the total synthesis of Amaryllidaceae alkaoid, kirkine, which possess important pharmacological activities. We also describe a new method for the synthesis of mono-, di- and tri-substituted pyrroles utilising the chemistry of xanthates
Anies, Claude. "Synthèse de trans-décalines polyoxygénées : synthèse formelle de la forskoline." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EPXX0036.
Full textRégnier, Thomas. "Nouvelles méthodologies pour la catalyse : application aux réactions de couplage carbone-carbone." Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1S108.
Full textFilippini, Marie-Hélène. "Nouvelles réactions domino anioniques : préparation stéréosélective de bicyclo[3.2.1]octanes et de cycloheptanes fonctionnalisés." Aix-Marseille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX30065.
Full textLoubet, Olivier. "Synthèse, caractérisation et applications d'amorceurs de polymérisation radiculaire de type azoi͏̈que." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20146.
Full textBerrah, Yacine. "Etude de différentes stratégies de modélisation de réactions complexes dans un réacteur fermé en synthèse organique : application à la réaction de cyanoéthylation du malonate de diméthyle." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10216.
Full textBéjot, Romain. "Etude et développement de nouvelles réactions métallo-induites à base de dérivés de chrome, fer, manganèse et aluminium." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/BEJOT_Romain_2006.pdf.
Full textGissot, Arnaud. "Vers de nouveaux procédés en synthèse organique : Réinvestigation de quelques réactions anciennes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2002/GISSOT_Arnaud_2002.pdf.
Full textThis manuscript describes several works that take profit of classical organic transformations to develop novel synthetic methodologies. The strategies developed are environmentally friendly and economically relevant. In the first part, we made use of an alkylsodium base in situ generated from chlorooctane and sodium in the ortho- or a-metalation of (hetero)aromatic compounds. The reagents needed are stable, cheap and the conditions used are especially well adapted to an industrial usage. Combination of the aromatic substrate affinity for Na+ associated to proton abstraction kinetics allowed us to propose an original mechanism that fully explains our experimental results. In the second part, we tried to synthesize catechin, a natural flavonoid frequently encountered in the plant kingdom. Our strategy was devised as far as possible in aqueous solvents as free polyphenolic compounds are water soluble, and was focused on phloroglucinol alkylation with different alkylhalides. In each case, excellent mono-C-alkylation selectivity was obtained. Finally, we developed an alternative strategy to transform secondary nitro compounds into ketones by means of nitrosating species auto-catalytically generated under neutral conditions from NaNO2. In annex, we also report our attempts to fabricate a photonic band-gap material from functionalized silica nano-beads
Ejjiyar, Soumeya. "Synthèse stéréosélective et ouverture d'alcools tétrahydrofurfuryliques : applications à la synthèse de diols-1,2 et d'oléfines disubstituées." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10087.
Full textHadj, Mebarek Ahmed. "Etude de l'apparition de phénomènes d'emballement lors de réactions entre métaux électropositifs et dérivés organiques hétérofonctionnels." Mulhouse, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MULH0555.
Full textRobert, Julie. "Réactivité nucléophile d'ions polysulfures vis a vis de substrats organiques dans le diméthylacétamide : chlorures et anhydrides d'acides, nitrobenzènes activés." Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR4025.
Full textJalba, Angela. "Synthèses de nouveaux ligands chiraux de type bipyridine et utilisation de sels de fer dans des réactions d'oxydation énantiosélective de sulfures et des réactions d'insertion de diazocétones dans la liaison S-H et Si-H." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27799.
Full textIn the current context where green chemistry has an important place, we have worked to synthesize several chiral bipyridine-type ligands. We have developed efficient methods for the synthesis of a series of six chiral bipyridine bisoxazoline ligands with C₂ symmetry, where four of them have never been described in the literature before. We have developed an efficient method for the synthesis of chiral ligand precursor analogous of Bolm’s ligand to use in heterogeneous catalysis. Although the synthesis of this ligand is not complete to date, our study has optimized several stages of the synthetic pathway. We have also developed synthetic methodologies based on metals such as iron, copper, and bismuth for being agree to several principles of green chemistry. We have particularly used iron extensively in our research projects because it is abundant, inexpensive, and environmentally benign. We have developed a highly enantioselective catalytic system (up to 98.5:1.5 er) for the oxidation of sulfides leading to good yields of sulfoxides using the non-heme chiral (N₄) FeII catalyst generated in situ (bipybox-i-Pr/FeCl₂). This was made possible when the sulfide mono-oxidation was carried out in tandem with kinetic resolution of the sulfoxide into the sulfone. We have also determined that Bi(OTf)₃∙4H₂O complexed with Bolm’s ligand is a good choice in asymmetric oxidation of sulfides because of reaching the enantiomeric ratios up to 78:22 er in a 65% yield. For the first time, we have reported the α-diazoketones insertion reaction into the Si–H and S–H bonds catalysed by [(CH₃CN)₄Cu]PF₆ and Fe(OTf)₂. We synthesized a wide range of α-silylketones with low to good yields (26–70%) using a low catalytic loading of 0.05 mol % of [(CH₃CN)₄Cu]PF₆. Fe(OTf)₂ has been involved in the insertion reactions of different α-diazoketones into the Si–H and S–H bonds as well. Unfortunately, low yields of α-silylketones were obtained. Moreover, α-thioketones were obtained in poor to very good yields. Now all these methods will be part of the chemists toolbox in green synthetic chemistry and will certainly have an important impact in the field of catalysis.
Rémusat, Vincent. "Synthèse, réactivité par transfert monoélectronique et pharmacomodulation de nouvelles quinones azahétérocycliques à potentialités anticancéreuses." Aix-Marseille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX22953.
Full textGomez, fernandez Mario Andres. "Synthèse des composés biologiquement actifs en utilisant des réactions photochimiques." Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIMS009.
Full textIn life sciences, there is a continuos research for new biological active molecules, this is true for both pharmaceultical industry and agrochemical industry. In the last years regulations have become more and more severe. In recent years, the technology for the test of new chemical compounds in industry has considerably evolved. Nowdays it is possible to test a vast number of compounds for the screening of biological activity in a short time. This means that industry is searching for new methodologies that allow the obtention of diverse chemical structures that can present biological activity.In this context, chemical industry, in particular, pharmaceutical and agrochemical industry are interested in the use of photochemical reactions in organic synthesis. Photochemical reactions allow the obtention of a variety of complex structures that are not easily obtained by classical methods. This chemical space has not been completly explored in the search of biological active compounds.In the works presented in this PhD research we first explored the [2+2] photocycloadtion of a carbonyl compound to an olefin, the called Paternò-Büchi reaction. We succesfully applied this reaction to obtain oxetanes wich posses agro-like substituents and key sites for further functionalization, a requirement demanded in industry. We also explored the use of fluorinated olefins in this photoreaction. The results are very promising: we discovered a new family of stable fluorinated oxetanes. These compounds can be used cas molecular scaffolds for the obtention of biological active compounds. At the same time, we discovered a new photochemical reactivity: a Photo-Wittig like reaction. This new reactivity depends on the substitution pattern of the carbonyl group. We hypothesize that the new reactivity depends on the excited state of the carbonyl compound
Canac, Yves. "Le cation diphosphirénium : un cycle à trois chaînons et deux électrons pi non aromatique." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30114.
Full textHoang, Lê Vinh. "Comparaison des rendements énergétiques de dégradation de trois composés organiques par plusieurs procédés d'oxydation avancés en milieu aqueux." Poitiers, 2009. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2009/Hoang-Le-Vinh/2009-Hoang-Le-Vinh-These.pdf.
Full textThe aim of this work was to compare, in terms of energy efficiency, the degradation of three organic compounds (4-chlorophenol, 4-nitrophenol and succinic acid) by several advanced oxidation processes or AOPs (electric discharge, UV-irradiation, ozonation, UV/H2O2, O3/H2O2, catalytic ozonation and photocatalysis) in aqueous solution, at pH 6. For all studied AOPs, 4-chlorophenol was well removed. Succinic acid was degraded only by the processes that generate OH radical, as well 4-nitrophenol which was also oxidized by ozone alone. A simplified pseudo-first-order kinetic law was applied correctly throughout the most part of the reaction. The energy applied per mole of compound removed (specific energy applied or Eas) was evaluated. The value of Eas was found to be independent of the initial concentration of the target compound. This allows us to compare experiments performed at different concentrations. The UV/H2O2 coupling was found to be the best AOP in terms of energy consumption. The ozonation alone was found to be also the best system to remove phenols with relatively low energy consumption. The degradation of saturated acids, such as succinic acid, can be reached by catalytic ozonation and photocatalysis but with low energetic yields
Senni, Djennane. "Synthèse et réactivité de bromoglycosylimines nouvelles." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10181.
Full textDeborde, Marie. "Oxydation par le chlore et l'ozone de composés organiques à effets modulateurs endocriniens." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2254.
Full textThe objective of this work was to improve the present knowledge about fate of endocrine disruptors during water treatment process. Chlorination and ozonation (two disinfection steps frequently applied) of seven endocrine disruptors (17β-estradiol, estriol, estrone, 17α-ethinylestradiol, 4-n-nonylphenol et bisphenol A) were then studied. In a first time, a kinetic study was performed at 20 ± 2 °C and different pH levels. Under these conditions, all molecules with a phenolic group in their structure (17β-estradiol, estriol, estrone, 17α-ethinylestradiol, 4-n-nonylphenol et bisphenol A) were removed more or less rapidly as function of pH, irrespective of the studied oxidant. Elementary oxidation reactions and associated rate constants were then determined. Concerning progesterone (devoid of phenolic ring), no removal in presence of chlorine was shown. However, a possible oxidation by ozone was observed. In a second time, by-products ozonation of two studied endocrine disruptors (bisphenol A, progesterone) were studied. Numerous by-products were identified by chromatographic analyses (HPLC/UV, HPLC/MS, HPLC/MS/MS, GC/MS). Stability by-products in presence of ozone was then studied and reactional pathways were suggested
Amiri-Attou, Ouassila. "Stratégie TDAE [tétrakis(diméthylamino)éthylène] appliquée à la pharmacochimie de dérivés aromatiques et quinoniques." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX22959.
Full textCoudanne, Isabelle. "Réactions "tandem" palladocatalysées : nouvelles voies d'accès à des systèmes polycycliques fonctionnalisés." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10348.
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