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Thomsson, Pontus, and Aghamiri Cyrus Seyed. "Design of a 16 GSps RF Sampling Resistive DAC with on-chip Voltage Regulator." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniska Kretsar och System, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-177548.
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Wireless communication technologies continue to evolve to meet the demand for increased data throughput. To achieve higher data throughput one approach is to increase the bandwidth. One problem related to very large bandwidths is the implementation of digital-to-analog converters with sampling rates roughly in the 5 to 20 GHz range. Traditionally, current-steering data converters have been the go-to choice but their linearity suffers at higher frequencies. An alternative to the current-steering digital-to-analog converter is the voltage-mode digital-to-analog converter, which is an attractive option for integration into digital intensive application-specific integrated circuits due to its digital-in-nature architecture. In this thesis, a resistive voltage-mode digital-to-analog converter with an integrated low-dropout voltage regulator is proposed for a sampling rate of 16 GSps. The proposed resistive voltage-mode digital-to-analog converter with an output impedance matched to a 100 Ω load, achieves a spurious-free dynamic range of 64 dBc and intermodulation distortion of 66 dBc for output frequencies up to 5.5 GHz in the worst process corner.
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Eklund, Henrik. "Linearization of Resistive Digital-to-Analog Converter for RF-Applications Using Compensator and Digital Predistortion." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniska Kretsar och System, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-177574.
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High-speed digital-to-analog converters are critical components in many radiofrequency (RF) applications. The resistive DAC (RDAC) architecture is suitable for high-speed implementation in extremely scaled digital circuit nodes. An RDAC core can be implemented as a resistance network and a digital block, consisting of inverters as drivers to the resistive network. One disadvantage of the architecture is the input code-dependent supply current. Combined with a non-zero supply network impedance, the code-dependent current will introduce non-linearity in the output voltage. One way to circumvent the problem is to use a high-performance voltage regulator, which counteracts the voltage variation in the impedance in the RDAC supply network. In this thesis work, two alternative solutions are investigated; Compensation with another signal-dependent impedance in parallel with the RDAC core to reduce the impedance variations and a digital predistorter (DPD) which corrects the non-linearities of RDAC output voltage. The investigated techniques can be used for improving the linearity of an RDAC in certain cases. The current compensation technique works best at low frequencies, while the DPD can be used for all frequencies to relax requirements on routing resistance or voltage regulation design.
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Lazarus, Jens. "RDA und GND." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-39043.
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Zur Zukunft der Katalogisierung werden zur Zeit zwei große Themenkomplexe diskutiert. Einmal der Aufbau einer Gemeinsamen Normdatei (GND) und die Einführung eines neuen Regelwerks, „Resource Description and Access (RDA)“. Das Regelwerk soll die bislang geltenden RAK ablösen und nicht nur für Bibliotheken, sondern auch für Archive und Museen zur Verfügung stehen. Da die verschiedenen Normdateien auf unterschiedlichen Datenmodellen und Formaten basieren, wird an einer Zusammenführung der Normdatenbanken in eine einheitliche Normdatei gearbeitet.
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Moore, Tim. "The RdgC protein of Escherichia coli." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250574.
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Guillet, Éric. "Le roman picaresque en rda." Nantes, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NANT3021.
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Le these poursuit trois objectifs principaux : 1) etre une reflexion sur le concept de picaresque dont elle propose la definition suivante : le roman picaresque, categorie esthetique universelle, exprime l'eternel retour de la contradiction entre l'etre, represente par le picaro qui tend fondamentalement a s'ouvrir, et le paraitre, represente par les personnages secondaires autour du picaro qui tendent fondamentalement a se fermer. 2) montrer la permanence dans le roman de rda des structures traditionnelles du roman picarresque qui subissent certes une metamorphose au cours de leur reactivation. 3) mettre en lumiere la civilisation d'un pays socialiste, la rda, ou le mode picaresque de representation litteraire de la realite reactivait une pensee reposant sur des principes (eternel retour du meme, pessimisme, refus de l'engagement) opposes a ceux prones par l'ideologie officielle (progres, optimisme, engagement)The thesis has three main aims : 1) to be a reflection on the concept of picaresque, a definition of which it propounds : the picaresque novel, a universal aesthetic category, expresses the eternal recurrence of contradiction between being, represented by the picaro who basically tends to open himself, and seeming, represented by the characters of minor importance around the picaro who basically tend to close themselves. 2) to show the permanence in the novel of the gdr of the traditional structures of the picaresque novel undergoing a change indeed during their restoration. 3) to throw a light on the culture of a socialist country, the gdr, where the picaresque way of depicting reality in literature restored a thought based upon principles (the eternal recurrence of the same, pessimism, the refusal of any involvement) contrary to the ones which the official ideology extolled (progress, optimism, commitment)
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Payen, de la Garanderie Philippe. "Les paratextes litteraires en rda." Nantes, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NANT3012.
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L'etude de type "sociobibliologique" porte sur l'ecriture paratextuelle telle qu'elle fut pratiquee pendant plus de quarante ans en rda dans l'edition de la litterature universelle. Elle recense d'abord les differentes productions, a l'interieur du livre (et au-dela), par lesquelles l'editeur intervient dans le processus de mise en circulation sociale de l'oeuvre litteraire. Elle analyse ensuite les strategies discursives de la pre-ou postface est-allemande-ainsi que leurda, fuutions-afin d'en degager les principales fonctions (mobilisation, integration, assistance). Les paratextes, en r. . . . . . Ent les instruments indispensables d'une abondante edition litteraire. Ils traduisent une pratique pedagogique de la reception artistique, et illustrent, enfin les efforts entrepris en matiere de gestion de l'heritage culturelPrefaces played a major part in the publishing of literature in the german democratic republic. Along with other paratextual components, they represent the crossroads where the literary work assumes a social dimension. This "socialbibliological" study deals with the evolutions of the paratextual discourse, as it was developed for more than fourty years in the reception of world literature in the gdr
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Bary, Nicole. "L'image de la RDA en France: Réception et traduction de la littérature de RDA en France." Universität Leipzig, 1999. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33364.
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Thomas, Owen David John. "Data compression strategies for RDAT/DDS media in hostile environments." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1996. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/data-compression-strategies-for-rdatdds-media-in-hostile-environments(9f3f4b27-7b5c-48e6-a75f-6e49e0130db4).html.
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This thesis investigates the prevention of error propagation in magnetically recorded compressed data when severe environmental conditions result in uncorrected channel errors. The tape format DDS is examined and a computer simulation of its error correction procedures is described. This software implementation uses explicit parity byte equations and these are presented for all three Reed-Solomon codes. The simulation allows the calculation of the uncorrected error patterns when the recording is compromised and uncorrected byte errors are determined for given initial random and burst errors. Some of the more familiar data compression algorithms are visited before the little known adaptive Rice algorithm is described in detail. An analytic example is developed which demonstrates the coding mechanism. A synchronized piecewise compression strategy is adopted in which the synchronizing sequences are placed periodically into the compressed data stream. The synchronizing sequences are independent of the compression algorithm and may occur naturally in the compressed data stream. A cyclic count is added to the compressed data stream to number the groups of data between synchronizing sequences and prevent slippage in the data. The Rice algorithm is employed in the strategy to compress correlated physical data. A novel compressor is developed to compress mixed correlated physical data and text within the synchronization strategy. This compressor uses the Rice algorithm to compress the correlated data and a sliding window algorithm to compress the text and switches between the two algorithms as the data type varies. The sliding window compressor T.ZR is adopted when the same principles are applied to the robust compression of English text alone. TJ7R is modified to improve compression of relatively small pieces of English text. The synchronization strategy incorporating these algorithms has been simulated computationally. This simulation is linked to that of DDS in each test performed when the errors are both random and bursty. The decompressed data is compared to the original. The strategy is demonstrated to be effective in preventing error propagation beyond the data immediately affected by errors without significant damage to the compression ratio.
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Bastiaens, Th J. "Onderwijskundige innovatie: down to earth over realistische elektronische ondersteuning bij leren en instructie /." [Heerlen] : Open Universiteit, 2007. http://www.ou.nl/Docs/Expertise/RdMC/Publicaties%202007/oratie_Theo_Bastiaens_web.pdf.
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Ferret, Christine. "Visages d'une profession : les bibliothécaires de RDA." Lyon 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO20043.
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L'étude porte sur l'évolution du milieu des bibliothecaires de RDA entre 1945 et 1989. Le cas des personnels ayant exercé dans les institutions détude et de recherche est plus particulierement évoque, à travers l'exploitation de dossiers d'archives et d'entretiens. La reconstitution des cadres institutionnels de la profession et de la politique menée par l'état est allemand est completée par une analyse du recrutement social et politique des personnels, qui montre l'inadéquation entre les prédispositions du milieu et les missions idéologiques qui lui étaient confiées. Un autre phéńomène marquant réside dans l'ascension sociale connue par la plupart des bibliothécaires, en raison du manque chronique de main d'oeuvre qualifiée. Même lorsque les origines sociales des professionnels n'étaient pas conformes aux prescriptions des tutelles, l'extension des responsabilités a alors favorise ́une forme d'adaptationà l'ordre et́abli. Dans ce contexte, les remises en cause des directives ont etété rares et des arrangements informels ont pu être trouvés avec les supérieurs hiérarchiques. Si la faible reconnaissance de la profession et de ses activités par les pouvoirs politiques et administratifs a permis le maintien de certaines marges de manoeuvre, elle a aussi contribué à la dégradation de la situation materielle des bibliothèques, manifeste a partir des années soixante. Les difficultés budgétaires ont provoqué un effritement du consensus et de l'identification à la RDA, en cristallisant les conflits. Les pratiques professionnelles constituent une dernière perspective. L'étude prend sur ce point en compte l'évolution de quelques fonctions essentielles (acquisitions, indexation, bibliographie, animation), en confrontant les directives avec les activites concrètes des bibiothécaires. Dans ce cadre, une place importante est reservée a la question de la censureThis study is focussed on the evolution of the environment of librarians in the GDR between 1945 and 1989. The situation of those working in institutions of education and research has been more particularly investigated by use of archive material and interviews. The thorough description of the institutional framework comprising the profession and its goals by the East German state is completed by an analysis of the social and political background of personel recruited to the profession. This analysis shows the fundamental contradiction between the professional sensitivities of librarians and the ideological mission they were alloted. A second striking phenomenon was the rapid rise in social status from which many librarians profited because of the lack of qualified staff. This occurred even when personel were not from prescribed social backgrounds. The diffusion of responsability favoured an informal adaption to the status quo. In this context the questioning of orders occurred rarely and informal arrangements between staff and their superiors were frequent. Although the low esteem of the political powers for the profession and its activities opened a certain margin of manoever, it also lead to the material depreciation of libraries observed since the sixties. Budgetary shotfalls promoted an erosion of the consensus, respect for the GDR and precipitated conflict. Lastly professional practices are analized. The evolution of a disparity between official directives and the concrete activities of librarians can be established with respect to certain key functions (acquisitions, cataloging, bibliography, publicity, etc. ). In this context the question of censorship has been emphasized
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Yu, Jing. "Structural and genetic analyses of the RdgC protein in Escherichia coli." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10961/.
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Previous studies found that RdgC protein plays a role in the DNA repair system in Escherichia coli. In recBC sbcBC strains, loss of rdgC made growth of the strains dependent upon recombination, hence Recombination Dependent Growth. RdgC was also found to regulate the activity of RecA, a key protein in recombination, both in vivo and in vitro. The function of the protein, however, remains unknown. In this study, I purified and crystallised the RdgC protein. The crystal structure of the protein was then revealed as a homo-dimer, with a head to head, tail to tail organisation, resembling a ring structure. To further investigate how RdgC binds DNA and its in vivo functionality, point mutations and chunk deletions were designed and constructed; and I examined all the mutant proteins in DNA binding shift assays in vitro and in synthetic lethality assays in vivo. A DNA binding model was then proposed based on the results of the DNA binding shift assays. The mutant studies in vivo reinforce the idea that the DNA binding activity is crucial for RdgC’s function in Escherichia coli.
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Lewis, Michael. "Fear Conditioning as an Intermediate Phenotype: An RDoC Inspired Methodological Analysis." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83837.
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Due to difficulties in elucidating neurobiological aspects of psychological disorders, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) created the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), which encourages novel conceptualizations of the relationship between neurobiological circuitry and clinical difficulties. This approach is markedly different from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) based approach that has dominated clinical research to date. Thus, RDoC necessitates exploration of novel experimental and statistical approaches. Fear learning paradigms represent a promising methodology for elucidating connections between acute threat (“fear”) circuitry and fear-related clinical difficulties. However, traditional analytical approaches rely on central tendency statistics, which are tethered to a priori categories and assume homogeneity within groups. Growth Mixture Modeling (GMM) methods such as Latent Class Growth Analysis (LCGA) may be uniquely suited for examining fear learning phenotypes. However, just three extant studies have applied GMM to fear learning and only one did so in a human population. Thus, the degree to which classes identified in known studies represent characteristics of the general population and to which GMM methodology is applicable across populations and paradigms is unclear. This preliminary study applied LCGA to a fear learning lab study in an attempt to identify heterogeneity in fear learning patterns based on a posteriori classification. The findings of this investigation may inform efforts to move toward a trans-diagnostic conceptualization of fear learning. Consistent with the goals laid out in RDoC, explication of fear learning phenotypes may eventually provide critical information needed to spur innovation in psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological treatment.Master of Science
To date, most clinical psychology research has been based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), which is a catalog of mental health disorders that was originally designed to facilitate communication among clinicians. Many experts contend that this approach has hampered progress in the field of biological clinical psychology research. Thus, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) created a new template for biological clinical psychology research called the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). Since RDoC calls for a complete overhaul in the conceptualization of clinical dysfunction, this approach requires statistical and experimental innovation. One traditional experimental approach that may be helpful in understanding the RDoC topic of acute threat (“fear”) is called Pavlovian Fear Learning (PFL). However, traditional PFL studies have utilized statistical methods that are based on comparing group averages and require researchers to determine groups of interest based on theory before the study begins. This is problematic because RDoC calls for research that begins with evidence rather than theory. Growth Mixture Modeling (GMM) is a statistical methodology that may allow researchers to analyze fear learning data without having to begin with theoretically determined categories such as DSM disorders. However, little research has tested how well this approach would work. This study is just the second to apply a GMM approach to a human PFL study. The findings from this investigation may inform efforts to develop a statistical technique that is well suited for RDoCian research and may also spur innovation in psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological treatment.
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Cimaz, Geneviève. "Wieland Förster, sculpteur et écrivain : une carrière d'artiste en RDA." Nice, 1998. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/rda/arts/tforster.pdf.
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Mouralis, Guillaume. "Une épuration allemande : la RDA en procès, 1949-2004 /." [Paris] : le Grand livre du mois, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41306491t.
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Texte issu de: Thèse de doctorat--Histoire--Paris 10, 2005. Texte issu de: Thèse de doctorat--Histoire--Berlin--Technische Universität, 2005.Thèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Bibliogr. p. 374-404. Notes bibliogr. Index.
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VIGNEULLE, CECILE. "Historiographie et politique en rda : l'exemple de thomas muntzer." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR20081.
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Cette etude retrace l'evolution conjointe de la politique et de l'historiographie marxiste-leniniste de thomas muntzer, reformateur allemand du xvieme siecle, en rda. Prenant en compte les principales publications consacrees a muntzer en allemagne orientale de 1949 a 1989, cette analyse comporte neuf chapitres, correspondant aux principales etapes de la reception historique de cette figure, caracterisees par un certain nombre de themes ideologiques, montrant ainsi un lien etroit entre l'interpretation de la biographie et de la pensee religieuse de muntzer et l'actualite politique de la rda. On constate ainsi que muntzer, de meme que plusieurs autres figures ou themes de l'histoire allemande, sert a legitimer l'existence de la rda qu'il est une metaphone au service de la politique allemande du sed. De 1949 a 1989 le portrait du theologien s'affine et gagne en consistance a mesure que l'ideologie s'assouplit et s'etoffe. Considere dans les annees 50 comme le chef de la guerre des paysans et le precurseur du communisme d'etat, muntzer acquiere progressivement une dimension plus historique et son image concilie les imperatifs ideologiques et la realite historique et religieuse. L'evolution du regard des historiens est-allemands sur muntzer fait ainsi intervenir plusieurs facteurs: l'ideologie, la concurrence avec les historiens de l'eglise et les medievistes de l'ouest, le dialogue interallemand, son autant de motifs qui expliquent la relative diversite de ces images et interdisent de conclure au monolithisme de la recherche marxiste-leniniste dans ce domaine. Dans ce panorama de l'historiographie marxiste-leniniste de muntzer apparaissent differents niveaux: a cote des travaux que l'on peut qualifier de partisans ou de dissidents, il existe des ouvrages en demi-teinte qui font apparaitre les zones de liberte conquises par les historiens et les strategies developpees pour contourner les dogmes.
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Mouralis, Guillaume. "Uné épuration allemande : la RDA en procès : 1949-2004." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100165.
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Dallison, Julie. "RDAs and DRVs : natural constants or social constructs? The case of vitamin C." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363361.
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American Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) and British Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) are used as the scientific benchmarks in a number of policies and surveys relating to food, nutrition and welfare. In the USA the RDAs have a number of statutory and regulatory involvements, particularly with respect to food assistance programmes and the definition of the poverty level. In the UK, although DRVs have no statutory role, they are the benchmarks against which diets of population groups are assessed or food supplies are determined, and hence they indirectly influence various policy decisions. Although RDAs and DRVs are often presented and used as if they were solely scientific standards, the thesis is premised upon the assumption that they are in fact a mixture of scientific, social and political factors. The thesis examines the way in which RDAs and DRVs are constructed, both the process and the products, by particular reference to the allowances for vitamin C in the USA and UK, and the controversy that surrounded the publication of the tenth edition of the RDAs in the USA in the 1980s. In particular, it focuses on what constitutes scientific evidence in the RDA arena, where and why boundaries are drawn between scientific and non-scientific evidence, and what are the judgements and interpretations included in the process and products of RDA and DRV construction. Research was carried out by means of a critical analysis of the literature to identify the relevant scientific evidence and areas of interpretation and selection. This was followed by in-depth interviews with key individuals who were involved in the most recent RDA and DRV report processes or in the disputed 1985 RDA report, or who have been advocates or critics of these standards over the years. The thesis shows that the science underlying the recommended figures is incomplete and the theoretical methods outlined for determining an RDA/DRV were not followed in practice. Even though the standards could be improved by strengthening the scientific evidence, they will always be subject to value judgements over the question of 'adequacy'. Influencing such judgements and also underlying the 1985 RDA controversy are the conflicting certainties and interests of different cognitive groups within science. With scientific credibility and scientific authority at stake, the boundary between science and non-science moves to suit the interests and beliefs of the different scientific groups. At the same time external groups align themselves with the cognitive evidence which reinforces their own position.
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Matsumoto, Marcelo Teruyuki [UNESP]. "Tipagem molecular, perfis de sensibilidade e caracterização de transcritos diferencialmente expressos durante a infecção de Cryptococcus neoformans." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103859.
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Cryptococcus neoformans é patógeno importante, principalmente em pacientes imunocomprometidos. A principal porta de entrada deste patógeno é pela via respiratória, disseminando-se posteriormente e atingindo principalmente o sistema nervoso central, provocando a meningite criptocóccica. A primeira parte deste estudo teve como objetivos determinar, nos 106 isolados clínicos de C. neoformans obtidos de dois Estados (São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro), (1) as variedades e (2) os mating-types por PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), (3) analisar a diversidade genética por PCR-fingerprinting com a seqüência iniciadora específica para regiões microssatélite (GACA)4, (4) por RAPD (Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA) com o iniciador 6 e (5) por PCR-RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) do gene da fosfolipase B (PLB1) digerido com a enzima de restrição AvaI e (6) determinar a sensibilidade a quatro antifúngicos (fluconazol, itraconazol, 5-fluorocitosina e anfotericina B) seguindo o método de referência (documento M27-A2) do CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute). A segunda parte teve como objetivo, analisar transcritos diferencialmente expressos durante a infecção pulmonar de C. neoformans, pela técnica de RDA (Representational Difference Analysis). Entre os 106 isolados, 104 foram identificados como C. neoformans e apenas dois foram C. gattii (=C. neoformans var. gattii), todos MATa. O tipo molecular VNI (C. neoformans var. grubii, sorotipo A) foi o mais prevalente entre os isolados (97/106), seguido do tipo VNII (C. neoformans var. grubii, sorotipo A) (7/106) e VGII (C. gattii, sorotipos B ou C) (2/106) quando analisados por PCR-fingerprinting e PCR-RFLP. Homogeneidade alta foi obtida com o iniciador (GACA)4, com a maioria dos isolados apresentando correlação em torno de 0,9. Os resultados do RAPD, por sua vez, revelaram maior heterogeneidade com número maior de perfis moleculares.
Cryptococcus neoformans is an important pathogen, mainly in immunocompromised patients. The pathogen penetrates mainly by respiratory way, disseminate afterward and reach specially the central nervous system causing the cryptococcal meningitis. The first part of this study had the objective to determine, in the 106 clinical isolates of C. neoformans obtained from São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro State, (1) the varieties and (2) mating-types by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), (3) analyze the genetic diversity by PCR-fingerprinting with specific primer to microsatellite regions (GACA)4, (4) by RAPD (Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA) with primer 6 and (5) by PCR-RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) of the phospholipase B gene (PLB1) digested with restriction enzyme AvaI and (6) to determine the susceptibility to four antifungal (fluconazole, itraconazole, 5-flucytosine and amphotericin B) following the reference method (document M27-A2) from CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute). The second part had the goal to analyze differentially expressed transcription during pulmonary infection of C. neoformans, by RDA (Representational Difference Analysis) technique. Among 106 isolates, 104 were identified as C. neoformans and only two were C. gattii (=C. neoformans var. gattii), all MATa. The molecular type VNI (C. neoformans var. grubii, serotype A) was the most prevalent among the isolates (97/106), followed by VNII (C. neoformans var. grubii, serotype A) (7/106) and VGII (C. gattii, serotypes B ou C) (2/106) when analyzed by PCR-fingerprinting and PCR-RFLP. High homogeneity was obtained with the primer (GACA)4, with most of the isolates showing correlation around 0.9. By contrast, the RAPD analysis revealed more heterogeneous with more numbers of molecular profiles.
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Kassap-Riefenstahl, Roseline. "Aspects de la création orchestrale contemporaine en RDA, 1978-1983." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376093638.
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Verdalle, Laure de. "Le théâtre en transition : de la RDA aux nouveaux Länder /." [Paris] : Éd. de la Maison des sciences de l'homme, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40186781h.
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Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Sociologie--Cachan--École normale supérieure, 2003. Titre de soutenance : La transition théâtrale en Allemagne de l'Est, transformation des modes de régulation théâtrale et parcours professionnels des gens de théâtre.Bibliogr. p. 311-322. Glossaire.
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Corrêa, Rosa Maria Rodrigues [UNESP]. "Catalogação descritiva no século XXI: um estudo sobre o RDA." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93699.
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A informação é essencial neste limiar do Século XXI, assim como sua transmissão. A catalogação descritiva, como área da Biblioteconomia responsável por transmitir as informações contidas em acervos de qualquer natureza, por meio da construção de formas de representação, deve acompanhar a evolução das necessidades dos usuários. Esta constatação preocupa especialistas da área. A padronização, na representação das informações e documentos é imprescindível e também o objeto de trabalho da catalogação descritiva como forma de garantia do intercâmbio de registros bibliográficos. A preocupação cresce com a rapidez com que as informações são geradas e disponibilizadas em diferentes formas. Este trabalho propõe-se a analisar o estado da arte do esquema Resource Description and Access (RDA) elaborado pela International Federation of Libraries Associations (IFLA), para uso de catalogadores e bases de dados bibliográficos. A análise baseia-se em pesquisas bibliográficas on-line. A evolução da catalogação e seus códigos de regras; a influência das tecnologias nos meios de comunicação, especificamente na troca de informações bibliográficas; a compatibilidade de conceitos visando a comunicação eficiente entre máquina, catalogador e informações codificadas para atendimento dos usuários foram utilizadas para a construção da parte histórica do trabalho. O estudo do RDA foi elaborado reunindo-se as necessidades informacionais, a catalogação descritiva e o novo esquema para compreender sua abrangência e a sua possível aceitação internacional, como uma forma de possibilitar o controle bibliográfico e ampliar o acesso e uso das informações disponíveis nos mais diversos ambientes informacionais. O RDA, por ser um esquema em fase de elaboração somente pode ser analisado do ponto de vista teórico. Nossa análise verificou que o RDA é um esquema eficaz, por aliar a teoria à prática.
Information and its transmission are essentials at the threshold of the XXI century Descriptive cataloging being an area of the Library Science is responsible for transmitting information existing inside of holdings of all types. This is made by building forms of representation and must follow the evolution of the needs of users. This affirmation worries specialists of the area. Standardization is indispensable in the representation of information and documents and it is also the aim of descriptive cataloging work; it is a grant for the exchange of bibliographic records. The worry increases as fast as the creation of new information available in different forms. The goal of this work is to analyze the state-of-the art of the standard “Resource Description and Access (RDA)” developed by the International Federation of Libraries Associations (IFLA) for catalogers and workers in bibliographic database. This work is founded in on-line bibliographic researches. The building of the historic of this work was based in the following factors: evolution of cataloging and its codes of rules; influence of technology in the communication media specifically in the exchange of bibliographic information; compatibility of concepts to reach an efficient communication between machine, cataloger and coded information to attend the user. This study of RDA was elaborated getting together the informational needs, the descriptive cataloging and the new standard, in order to understand its scope and if it is possible the international acceptance of it, as a form of bibliographic control as well as a way to enlarge the access and use of information available in the most different informational environments. Since RDA is a standard that is being developed, it may only be studied at the theoretical point of view. We verified that RDA is an effective standard since it links theory and practice.
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Corrêa, Rosa Maria Rodrigues. "Catalogação descritiva no século XXI : um estudo sobre o RDA /." Marília : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93699.
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Orientador: Plácida Leopoldina V. A. da Costa SantosBanca: Mariângela Spotti Lopes Fujita
Banca: Marcos Luíz Mucheroni
Resumo: A informação é essencial neste limiar do Século XXI, assim como sua transmissão. A catalogação descritiva, como área da Biblioteconomia responsável por transmitir as informações contidas em acervos de qualquer natureza, por meio da construção de formas de representação, deve acompanhar a evolução das necessidades dos usuários. Esta constatação preocupa especialistas da área. A padronização, na representação das informações e documentos é imprescindível e também o objeto de trabalho da catalogação descritiva como forma de garantia do intercâmbio de registros bibliográficos. A preocupação cresce com a rapidez com que as informações são geradas e disponibilizadas em diferentes formas. Este trabalho propõe-se a analisar o estado da arte do esquema Resource Description and Access (RDA) elaborado pela International Federation of Libraries Associations (IFLA), para uso de catalogadores e bases de dados bibliográficos. A análise baseia-se em pesquisas bibliográficas on-line. A evolução da catalogação e seus códigos de regras; a influência das tecnologias nos meios de comunicação, especificamente na troca de informações bibliográficas; a compatibilidade de conceitos visando a comunicação eficiente entre máquina, catalogador e informações codificadas para atendimento dos usuários foram utilizadas para a construção da parte histórica do trabalho. O estudo do RDA foi elaborado reunindo-se as necessidades informacionais, a catalogação descritiva e o novo esquema para compreender sua abrangência e a sua possível aceitação internacional, como uma forma de possibilitar o controle bibliográfico e ampliar o acesso e uso das informações disponíveis nos mais diversos ambientes informacionais. O RDA, por ser um esquema em fase de elaboração somente pode ser analisado do ponto de vista teórico. Nossa análise verificou que o RDA é um esquema eficaz, por aliar a teoria à prática.
Abstract: Information and its transmission are essentials at the threshold of the XXI century Descriptive cataloging being an area of the Library Science is responsible for transmitting information existing inside of holdings of all types. This is made by building forms of representation and must follow the evolution of the needs of users. This affirmation worries specialists of the area. Standardization is indispensable in the representation of information and documents and it is also the aim of descriptive cataloging work; it is a grant for the exchange of bibliographic records. The worry increases as fast as the creation of new information available in different forms. The goal of this work is to analyze the state-of-the art of the standard "Resource Description and Access (RDA)" developed by the International Federation of Libraries Associations (IFLA) for catalogers and workers in bibliographic database. This work is founded in on-line bibliographic researches. The building of the historic of this work was based in the following factors: evolution of cataloging and its codes of rules; influence of technology in the communication media specifically in the exchange of bibliographic information; compatibility of concepts to reach an efficient communication between machine, cataloger and coded information to attend the user. This study of RDA was elaborated getting together the informational needs, the descriptive cataloging and the new standard, in order to understand its scope and if it is possible the international acceptance of it, as a form of bibliographic control as well as a way to enlarge the access and use of information available in the most different informational environments. Since RDA is a standard that is being developed, it may only be studied at the theoretical point of view. We verified that RDA is an effective standard since it links theory and practice.
Mestre
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Bensussan, Agnès. "La répression de la déviance politique en RDA, 1971-1989." Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0052.
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Mailhot, Stéphane. "Conception et mise en opération de l'installation supersonique à haute température de RDDC Valcartier." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26813/26813.pdf.
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Machado, Raquel Bernadete. "Análise do RDA para teses e dissertações em literatura e cinema." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2015. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/2090.
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Previous issue date: 2015-06-17Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The Resource Description and Access (RDA) is the new guideline for cataloging developed to replace the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition (AACR2) in order to improve information retrieval. Accordingly, the present research aimed to analyze how bibliographic records of theses and dissertations of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) on areas of literature and cinema will be affected with the RDA standards. To answer the questionings conducted in this study, it is outlined as specific objectives: develop bibliographic records of theses and dissertations at the UFSC RDA standard; compare the cataloging elements in AACR2 and RDA standards; analyze bibliographic records of theses and dissertations of UFSC in the fields of literature and cinema according to RDA standards; identify and propose consistent elements for the description of bibliographic records of theses and dissertations UFSC according to the RDA standard; analyze bibliographic records of theses and dissertations of UFSC, specifically with regard to the entities-relationships; and verify in the national and international literature practical implementation of the new code that enable to identify advantages and disadvantages of RDA. The research is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, using the method of case study and, according to its purpose, it can be an applied research. The results of the study were analyzed from the user tasks perspective and pointed out that the bibliographic description presents significant changes in referring to the format, content and media of a resource. Based on the analysis of the records and the results obtained, it can be concluded that the cataloger needs to spend more attention, knowledge and time practicing, suggesting to this professional the need for continuing education.
O Resource Description and Access (RDA) é a nova diretriz para a catalogação desenvolvido para substituir o Código de Catalogação Anglo-Americano, segunda edição (AACR2) com a finalidade de melhorar a recuperação da informação. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa objetiva analisar como os registros bibliográficos de teses e dissertações da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) das áreas de literatura e cinema serão afetados com os padrões do código RDA. Para responder aos questionamentos realizados neste estudo delinearam-se como objetivos específicos: elaborar registros bibliográficos de teses e dissertações da UFSC no padrão RDA; comparar os elementos catalográficos nos padrões AACR2 e RDA; analisar os registros bibliográficos de teses e dissertações da UFSC nas áreas de literatura e cinema de acordo com os padrões do RDA; identificar e propor elementos consistentes para a descrição dos registros bibliográficos das teses e das dissertações da UFSC conforme o padrão RDA; analisar os registros bibliográficos das teses e das dissertações da UFSC, especificamente no que se refere às entidades-relacionamentos e verificar na literatura nacional e internacional implementações práticas do novo código que possibilitem identificar vantagens e desvantagens do RDA. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa de caráter exploratório e descritivo, além disso se utiliza do método estudo de caso e de acordo com sua finalidade é uma pesquisa aplicada. Os resultados do estudo foram analisados sob a perspectiva das tarefas dos usuários e apontou que a descrição bibliográfica apresenta modificações significativas correspondentes ao formato, conteúdo e mídia de um recurso. Com base na análise dos registros e dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que o catalogador precisa despender mais atenção, conhecimento e tempo na sua prática o que sugere a esse profissional a necessidade de educação continuada.
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Zahn, Alexander R. "Characterization and Examination of Performance Parameters of a Back-pressurized RDC." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1554119639742205.
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FORLOT, CATHERINE. "La reappropriation de l'identite regionale dans les nouveaux lander (ex-rda)." Nantes, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NANT3023.
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En 1952, les dirigeants de la rda deciderent la suppression des lander existants et leur remplacement par quatorze "bezirke", entites purement administratives. L'ouverture pratiquee dans le mur de berlin a ete le debut d'un bouleversement dans la vie des citoyens est-allemands. L'objet de cette these est d'analyser pour chacun des cinq nouveaux bundeslander (saxe, thuringe, saxe-anhalt, brandebou rg, mecklembourg-pomeranie occidentale) l'eventuel desir de reappropriation de l'identite regionale. Pour chacun des lander recrees, il est egalement procede a l'analyse de la perception qu'ont eue les allemands de l'est des actions mene es par le gouvernement central de la rda afin de creer un reflexe national est-allemand. Un dernier chapitre fait la synthese des precedents et presente, en outre, les differentes perspectives qui s'offrent aux citoyens de l'ex-rda dans leur quete d'une nouvelle identiteIn 1952 the leaders of the gdr decided to suppress the existing lander and to replace them with fourteen purely administrative "bezirke". The fall of the berlin wall marked the beginning of a disruption in the life of east german citizens. The object of this thesis is to analyze for each of the five new bundeslander (saxony, thuringia, saxony-anhalt, brandenburg, mecklenburg-western pomerania) the possible desire to reappropriate their regional identity. For each of these recreated lander there is also an analysis of how the east germans perceived the actions undertaken by the central government of the gdr in order to create an east german national reflex. The last chapter makes a synthesis of the preceding ones and also presents the different perspectives offered to the citizens of the ex-gdr in their quest for a new identity
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Gagneur, marguerite. "Écritures poétiques de Sarah Kirsch dans le contexte de la RDA." Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030151.
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Ce travail montre, au travers d’analyses de textes précises, comment l’écriture poétique de Sarah Kirsch se construit autour des relations entre subjectivité, nature et société. Les poèmes retenus reflètent le rapport de la poétesse à l’utopie socialiste, de l’enthousiasme initial à une distanciation croissante la conduisant à trouver refuge auprès de modèles littéraires du passé et dans l’idyllique d’une nature encore intacte. Cette étude établit enfin une comparaison entre Sarah Kirsch et trois auteurs de sa génération : Günter Kunert, Volker Braun et Wulf Kirsten, ce qui permet de montrer comment cette poétique s’inscrit dans le contexte plus large de la poésie critique socialiste, de 1965 à nos joursThrough close textual analysis of selected pieces of Sarah Kirsch's work, this study aims to show that interrelated notions of subjectivity, nature and society are central to the dynamics of her poetry. The poems selected reflect how Sarah Kirsch gradually distanced herself from her early enthusiasm for the socialist utopia, seeking shelter in the great literary models of the past and finding refuge in an idyllic nature untouched by human hand. Finally, a comparison between Sarah Kirsch and three other authors of her generation – Günter Kunert, Volker Braun and Wulf Kirsten – demonstrates how her work fits into the wider context of socialist critical poetry from 1965 till today
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Rubbers, Benjamin. "Congo Casino : Le monde social du capitalisme européen au Katanga (RDC)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210891.
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Les Européens (Belges, Grecs et Italiens) du Katanga, dont le nombre s’est considérablement réduit au cours de la période post-coloniale, forment aujourd’hui le groupe le plus puissant de l’économie de la région. Au vu des troubles qui ont marqué l’histoire du Congo depuis l’indépendance, pourquoi sont-ils restés sur place ?Comment ont-ils développé leurs affaires dans une économie sur le déclin, en voie de marginalisation, et dans une structure politique patrimoniale de plus en plus instable ?Et quelle est leur place au sein de la société congolaise ?Telle est la triple question de départ à laquelle tente de répondre cette thèse en abordant de façon successive, au fil des chapitres, leur parcours migratoire, leur insertion dans la société congolaise, la dynamique de leur communauté, leur rôle dans les deux plus gros secteurs de la région, et leurs rapports avec les représentants de l’Etat. Elle prend appui pour ce faire sur une recherche de terrain conduite entre 2003 et 2004.
If the number of Europeans (Belgians, Greeks and Italians) living in Katanga has considerably decreased during the post-colonial period, they represent today the most powerful entrepreneurial group of the local economy. Once considered the troubles they came across since independence, why did they remain in the Congo? How did they develop their business in a declining economy, in process of marginalization, and in a patrimonial political structure, which proves to be more and more unstable? Finally, what is their place and role in Congolese society? These are the three questions this thesis tries to give an answer. Through the chapters, it studies the migration of expatriates in Africa, their relationship with Congolese society, the dynamics of their community, their role in the two most important sectors of Katanga, and the way they interact with the agents of the State. For this purpose, it rests upon a fieldwork research led between 2003 and 2004.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation anthropologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Brideau, Gaëlle. "Identification des mécanismes moléculaires responsables de la différenciation des cellules mésenchymateuses en fibroblastes." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066414.
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Strauch, Lisa [Verfasser], and Huber Armin [Akademischer Betreuer] Armin. "Funktionelle Charakterisierung der Phosphatase RDGC in Drosophila melanogaster Photorezeptorzellen / Lisa Strauch ; Betreuer: Armin Armin Huber." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1183089546/34.
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Lim, Chin. "Évaluation des incertitudes sur les données expérimentales prises dans la soufflerie trisonique de RDDC Valcartier." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/25971/25971.pdf.
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Rowell, Jay. "L'Etat totalitaire en action. Les politiques du logement en RDA (1945-1989)." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00103398.
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Depuis 1989, l'historiographie du système politique de la RDA a été marquée par un retour en force du paradigme totalitaire qui a placé le Parti unique, l'appareil policier et l'idéologie au cœur de l'analyse. Dans l'examen des politiques du logement, nous avons déplacé l'analyse du registre essentialiste constitutif de la lecture totalitaire vers une interrogation sur les pratiques et les interactions qui permettent de restituer tant les incertitudes et les calculs des acteurs que les fluctuations de la valeur des ressources socialement constituées. Dans la première partie, nous avons retracé les déplacements successifs du référentiel d'action dans les politiques de construction de logements à partir de l'usage précautionneux des concepts des politiques publiques. Dans la deuxième partie, nous avons centré notre attention sur les politiques d'attribution de logements et la structuration des rapports de domination entre le centre et la périphérie à partir d'une analyse de la production et des usages des catégories statistiques et bureaucratiques ainsi que les normes codifiées. Dans la troisième partie, nous avons analysé les transactions entre les acteurs institutionnels périphériques à la fois dans leur relation avec les institutions centrales et dans leur perméabilité aux logiques sociales, créant ce que nous avons appelé la dynamique périphérique. Nous avons mis en lumière l'existence de circuits d'échange entre institutions périphériques visant à maximiser l'accès aux ressources distribuées par le centre politique et la capacité différenciée des administrés à exploiter les failles dans les institutions politico-administratives pour faire valoir leurs intérêts.
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Bibert, Alexandre. "Les relations syndicales franco-allemandes (France, RFA, RDA) de 1945 à 1973." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG048.
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La Seconde Guerre mondiale a profondément perturbé les sociétés européennes. À son issue, le champ est laissé libre à des dynamiques de recomposition passant par des rapprochements ou, au contraire, par des clivages puissants. Les populations françaises et allemandes ont été affectées au premier chef par ces évolutions. Or, comme les organisations syndicales de travailleurs constituent les principales organisations de masses, elles offrent un angle d’approche particulièrement intéressant pour appréhender le dialogue développé dans un contexte marqué par la partition de l’Allemagne, par la Guerre Froide, et par la construction européenne dont l’interpénétration des économies est un des principaux aspects. Cette thèse considère, à la croisée de la question de la réconciliation et de celle d’une coopération à venir, la mise en place des échanges syndicaux entre la France et les deux Allemagnes, examine la pratique des échanges et éclaire les phénomènes de convergence et de crispationThe Second World War profoundly disrupted European societies. When the war came to an end, a dynamic of recomposition, based either on reconciliation or on sharp divisions, took hold of the continent. The French and German populations were the first to bear the brunt of these evolutions. Because of their numerous adherents, trade unions constituted the most important mass organizations of their time, and consequently offer a particularly interesting perspective on the Franco-German dialogue, especially against the backdrop of the division of Germany into two states, the Cold War, and the construction of Europe, of which economic interpenetration was a main aspect. This thesis considers, at the crossroads of a process of reconciliation and of future cooperation, the establishment and structuring of trade unions exchanges between France and Germany, examines exchange practices, and highlights adjoining convergence and tension phenomena
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Skyba, Peter. "Vom Hoffnungsträger zum Sicherheitsrisiko : Jugend in der DDR und Jugendpolitik der SED 1949-1961 /." Köln : Böhlau Verl, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb372147959.
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Mills, Elena Claire. "Characterisation of the trypanosomatid PPEF-like phosphatases : novel members of the RDGC/PP5-related protein phosphatase family." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423156.
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Räkel, Marie-Élisabeth. "La politique culturelle de la RDA de 1945 à 1956, l'échec d'un discours." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0011/NQ42272.pdf.
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Lowe, Steven Robert. "A study of RDC-1 as a receptor for calcitonin gene-related peptide." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246802.
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Ikanga, A.-Mponga Bakand’Olinga. "Causes et conséquences des programmes d’ajustement structurel en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100035/document.
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Notre recherche a consisté a nous faire une opinion raisonnée sur les interventions des Institutions de Bretton-Woods en République Démocratique de Congo, en nous appuyant sur une analyse de long terme de l’endettement extérieur du pays, et par conséquent à la mise en œuvre des programmes des stabilisations dans les années 70 et d’ajustement structurel depuis les années 80. Cette analyse nous a permis de mettre en lumière les contraintes économiques et sociales, internes et extérieures, auxquelles le pays a dû faire face. Loin de soulager cette économie rentière, les thérapies de choc préconisées par ces Institutions ont provoqué des coûts ou effets secondaires négatifs, délibérément cherché ou non sur d’autres variables (revenu global, niveau des prix, inflation/hyperinflation…). D’autre part, elles ont eu un coût social élevé, et ont contribuées lourdement à une détérioration de la répartition des revenus entre les diverses couches sociales du pays. L’échec des programmes d’ajustement structurel étant aujourd’hui reconnu, il était devenu donc impératif d’imaginer d’autres types d’approches moins superficielles, qui puissent intégrer non-seulement l’équilibre des variables macro et/ou micro-économiques, mais aussi méso-économique ; et donc l’accent doit être désormais mis sur l’amont (discussions des politiques) et sur l’aval (mis au point des projets ou programmes). C’est ainsi que furent mis en place, depuis le milieu des années 90, les mesures d’allègement ou d’annulation de la dette extérieure. L’austérité préconisée aujourd’hui, face à la crise de la dette dans la zone euro, semble ne pas tenir compte des conséquences que les politiques d’inspiration monétariste ont entraînées partout où elles ont été mises en œuvre, et particulièrement en Afrique. Ainsi, nous-nous demandons si le Libéraux ont-ils retenu les leçons des échecs des programmes d’ajustement structurel (PAS) dans les pays ajustés. Pour ce faire, nous-nous sommes permis de proposer quelques perspectives ou voies de sortie afin d’éviter de retomber dans le cycle de la dette que la RD Congo a connutOur research was to give us a reasoned opinion on the actions of the Bretton-Woods in DR Congo, relying on an analysis of long term external debt of the country, and therefore the implementation of programs stabilization in the 70s and structural adjustment since the 80s. This analysis allowed us to highlight the economic and social constraints, internal and external, that the country faced. Far from alleviating the rentier economy, shock therapies advocated by these institutions have caused costs or negative side effects, deliberately sought or not other variables (total income, inflation/hyperinflation…). On the other hand, they had a high social cost, and contributed heavily to the deterioration of income distribution among different social strata of the country. The failure of structural adjustment programs (SAPs) is regnized today, it has become imperative to imagine other types of less superficial approaches that can integrate not only the balance of macro variables and/or micro-economic, but also meso, and therefore the emphasis should now be placed on the upstream (policy discussion) and downstream (developed projects or programs). Thus were established since the mid 90s, the relief measures or cancellation of the external debt. The austerity advocated today, faced with the debt crisis in the euro area seems to ignore the impact that monetary policies have led to inspiration wherever they have been implemented, particularity in Africa. Thus, we ask whether we Liberals have learned from the failures of adjustment programs (SAPs) in the country originates, the former adjusted. To do this, we have allowed us to propose a few prospects or output channels to avoid failing into the cycle of debt that DR Congo has experienced so far
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Antoniassi, Rosemar. "Desacidificação de oleo de milho com etanol em coluna de discos rotativos (RDC)." [s.n.], 1996. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/255814.
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Orientadores: Walter Esteves e Antonio Jose de Almeida MeirellesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadula de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: O processo contínuo de desacidificação de óleo de milho com etanol foi realizado em um extrator de discos rotativos (RDC), com 74 cm de altura total, 31 cm de altura na região de extração e 5 cm de diâmetro interno. As condições operacionais favoráveis ao processo de desacidificação de óleo de milho no RDC utilizado foram: etanol como fase contínua e óleo como fase dispersa, seis discos na região de extração de 20% de área livre de escoamento, carga total de 40 a 70 gramas/minuto e relação óleo/solvente de 0,5/1 e 1/1. Devido à insolubilização dos fosfatídios no etanol, foi estudado um processo de pré-tratamento do óleo de milho bruto, envolvendo etapas de degomagem e branqueamento. A degomagem do óleo de milho bruto foi conduzida em diversas temperaturas, com agentes de degomagem ácidos, neutros e alcalinos. Maior remoção de fósforo ocorreu na degomagem com água à temperatura de 30°C. Quando a degomagem do óleo de milho bruto foi realizada abaixo de 30°C, independente do agente de degomagem utilizado, ocorreram degomageme winterização simultâneas. O pré-tratamento do óleo de milho bruto com até 400 ppm de fósforo, para alimentação da coluna de discos rotativos, foi realizado através de degomagem com água à temperatura de 30°C. A seguir, o óleo degomado foi tratado com 0,1% de sílica Trysil3000, sob vácuo, às temperaturas de 70 ou 80°C, por 15 minutos, seguido de branqueamento com 1 % de terra branqueadora, à temperatura de 100°C por 30 minutos. O etanol hidratado com 5,83% de água foi selecionado como solvente para o processo contínuo, com base em sua seletividade, coeficiente de distribuição e solubilidade no óleo. O processo de desacidificação do óleo de milho branqueado com conteúdo de ácidos graxos livres de 0,96 a 7,74% e etanol, foi estudado no RDC nas relações alimentação/solvente de 0,5/1 e 1/1, na faixa de temperatura de 24 a 32°C, variando-se a velocidade de agitação até 300 rpm. A eficiência do processo de desacidificação, a fração de ácidos graxos livres e diglicerídios transferida e as perdas de triglicerídios aumentaram com a velocidade de agitação. O aumento da relação óleo/solvente reduziu as perdas de triglicerídios e a transferência de diglicerídios e de ácidos graxos livres. Nas condições utilizadas, ocorreu remoção de até 80% da acidez inicial do óleo. A eficiência do processo foi de até 1,5 estágios de equilíbrio. Os resultados obtidos possibilitaram estabelecer as condições operacionais do RDC na desacidificação de óleo milho com etanol, que se revelou um processo promissor, que se caracteriza pela alta carga processada e alta eficiência.
Abstract: Deacidification of com oil with ethanol by a continuous process was conduded in a perforated rotating-disc-contador (RDC). Since the phosphatides are insoluble in ethanol, different pre-treatments were performed such as degumming and bleahing to reduce the phosphorus content. Water degumming of crude com oil was more efficient than acid degumming with citric acid, at different temperatures varying from 10 to 70°C. The degumming of high acidity com oil was more efficient when neutral degumming agents were used. Samples of oils degummed at temperatures of 30°C and below passed the Cold Test (6 hours at O°C), independently of the degumming agents used. Under these conditions, simultaneous degumming and dewaxing occurred. Therefore, a separate winterization is not necessary at these temperatures. Degummed oil was treated with 0.1 % Silica at 70 or 80°C for 15 minutes under vacuum and bleached with 1 % of bleaching earth at 100°C for 30 minutes under vacuum. The bleached oil was used in the liquid-liquid extradion. The experimental operating conditions used in this study were: temperature ¬ 24 to 32°C; rotating speed - up to 300 rpm; feed/solvent ratio - 0.5/1 and 1/1; feed and solvent flow - 20 to 50 grams/min. The specification of the column was: length of 74 cm, diameter of 5 cm and extradion zone height of 31 cm, with 6 disks with free area of 20%. Azeotropic ethanol was chosen based on its seledivity and its capacity to extrad free fatty acid and diglyceride. The free fatty acid content varied from 0.96 to 7.74% and from 0.37 to 4.68%, for bleached and refined oil, respectively. The redudion of free fatty acid and diglyceride contents depended on the feed/solvent ratio and rotation speed. The perforated rotating disc contador was efficient in the deacidification of bleached com oil with a free fatty acid content of up to 7.80%.
Doutorado
Doutor em Tecnologia de Alimentos
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Fabre-Renault, Catherine. "Le rôle social des femmes écrivains dans la RDA des années quatre-vingt." Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120026.
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La periode dont traite cette etude est limitee aux annees quatre-vingt dans la mesure ou les evenements historiques induits par la chute du mur de berlin, le changement de nature du regime et la disparition des pays de l'est en tant que bloc, ont eu des repercussions sur la litterature. Pour autant, la litterature de la r. D. A. A joue, durant cette decennie, un role socio-politique tres particulier. Nous avons voulu cerner quelle a ete la place specifique de la litterature ecrite par des femmes, car elles furent nombreuses a prendre la plume en r. D. A. , elles eurent parfois une renommee mondiale et leur role, a l'interieur meme du pays, a ete celui d'une "aide a vivre", d'un guide moral et politique. Attachees a degager un sens a la vie, a promouvoir plus de justice et d'humanite, plus de conscience de soi et d'autonomie pour les femmes, dans un pays qui se voulait le champion de l'egalitarisme et de l'humanisme, elles ont pese sur les contradictions qui ont mine le systeme en les articulant dans leurs oeuvres, elles ont voulu reconcilier le lecteur avec lui-meme, avec son histoire, avec l'histoire et lui permettre de rompre avec la "schizophrenie", maladie typiquement est-allemande de ces annees-la. Dans une allemagne reunifiee mais peut-etre pas reunie, il ne leur est pas toujours facile de retrouver une place et pourtant, les buts qu'elles s'etaient fixes n'ont pas disparu. Sans doute l'avenir verra-t-il d'autres formes d'expression, mais la necessite d'un progres vers une vie plus humaine et mieux maitrisee reste un element essentiel pour les generations futures.
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Rowell, Jay. "L' État totalitaire en action : les politiques du logement en RDA (1945-1989)." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0007.
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Nsunda, Balu Mathilde. "L'intégration sociale au Québec des immigrants de la République démocratique du Congo (RDC)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5260.
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Qu'est-ce que l'intégration? Existe-t-il des personnes intégrées et des personnes non intégrées ou mal intégrées dans la société québécoise? Sur quelles variables pouvons-nous nous baser pour déterminer le niveau d'intégration. Quel est l'impact des politiques d'immigration et d'intégration appliquées par le gouvernement du Québec en vue de promouvoir ou développer et accélérer l'intégration des immigrants d'origine congolaise? Pourquoi le cas des immigrants congolais nécessite-t-il une intervention spéciale de la part de toutes les instances décisionnelles: législatif, financiers et socioculturel? Cette étude tente d'apporter des éléments de réponse à ces questions sur la base d'une enquête qualitative auprès de quelques membres de la communauté congolaise de Montréal.
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Dias, Armando Cavalcante Franco. "Diversidade de bactérias do sedimento de manguezal da ilha do Cardoso Cananéia - São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-05012009-171607/.
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O presente trabalho busca entender a dinâmica de comunidades bacterianas cultiváveis e não cultiváveis do ecossistema do manguezal e prospectar nesse ambiente ainda inexplorado, um possível potencial biotecnológico. As amostras de sedimentos foram retiradas de duas profundidades no inverno e no verão. Bactérias caracterizadas por meio da técnica de ARDRA pertencem as ordens Vibrionales, Bacillales e Actinomycetales. As espécies bacterianas cultiváveis e as não cultiváveis foram também avaliadas por meio da técnica de PCR-DGGE, onde utilizou-se iniciadores seletivos para Actinobacterias, a e b Proteobacteria, Pseudomonas spp. e Paenibacillus spp., além do universal para bacteria. A análise multivariada de redundância (RDA) permitiu verificar a relação dos perfis obtidos das amostras com os fatores ambientais. Verificou-se uma diferente distribuição dos grupos de a e b Proteobacteria em relação à sazonalidade, enquanto que a profundidade de amostragem mostrou ser essencial no perfil das comunidades totais, a e b-Proteobacteria e Actinobacterias.The objective of the present work is the understanding of culturable and non-culturable bacterial community dynamic present in the mangrove ecosystem also to explore the biotechnological potential of bacteria present in this environmental. Sediment samples were obtained from two depths winter and summer seasons and further analyzed. The Bacteria were characterized by ARDRA and identified the orders Vibrionales, Bacillales e Actinomycetales. Culturable and non-culturable bacteria were also assessed by PCR-DGGE using specific primers for Actinobacteria, a-Proteobacteria, b-proteobacteria, Pseudomonas spp., Paenibacillus spp. and bacteria universal primers. Multivariate redundancy analysis allowed the verification of main factors determining the bacterial communities patterns found on samples. It was verified a seasonal distribution of a and b-Proteobacteria groups, while the sampled depth was determinant for the total bacterial community composition, and also influenced the a and b-Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria profiles.
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Salgado, Denise Mancera. "O controle de autoridade sob a norma RDA: análise da aplicação e implicações na construção de registros de autoridade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27151/tde-19012016-105319/.
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Esta pesquisa tem por objeto a análise da interação do esquema de descrição bibliográfica Resource Description and Access (RDA) na construção de registros de autoridade frente aos objetivos e aos fundamentos do modelo conceitual Requisitos Funcionais para Dados de Autoridade (FRAD). Busca compreender e analisar a importância do controle de autoridade para a recuperação da informação, contextualizando a construção de registros de autoridade na catalogação descritiva por meio do uso da norma RDA. Caracteriza-se por explorar os aspectos teóricos e normativos que regem a construção de registros de autoridade. Designada como uma pesquisa teórica, a investigação recorre à pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, histórica e analítica. O enfoque da pesquisa está nos registros de autoridade e as mudanças provocadas pelas novas concepções decorrentes dos modelos conceituais Requisitos Funcionais para Registros Bibliográficos (FRBR) e sua extensão FRAD e o esquema de descrição bibliográfica RDA, explorando os aspectos teóricos e normativos que regem a construção de registros de autoridade. Apresenta um referencial teórico composto do panorama do controle bibliográfico, da catalogação e dos catálogos e suas interações com o controle de autoridade. Discorre sobre o modelo conceitual FRAD e a norma catalográfica RDA.This research aims at the analysis of the interaction of bibliographic description scheme Resource Description and Access (RDA) in building forward authority records the objectives and foundations of conceptual model Functional Requirements for Authority Data (FRAD). It seeks to understand and analyze the importance of authority control for information retrieval, contextualizing the construction of authority records in the descriptive cataloging through the use of RDA standard. It is characterized by exploring the theoretical and regulatory aspects governing the construction of authority records. Designated as a theoretical research, the research draws on literature, documentary, historical and analytical. The research focus is in authority records and the changes brought about by new concepts arising from conceptual models Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) and its extension FRAD and the bibliographic description scheme RDA, exploring the theoretical and regulatory aspects governing the construction of authority records. It presents a theoretical framework consists panorama bibliographic control, cataloging and catalogs and their interactions with the control authority. It discusses the conceptual model FRAD and the RDA cataloging standard.
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Souza, Ana Maria Frota Lisboa Pereira de. "Error-related negativity (ERN) as a transdiagnostic endophenotype for irritability traits in a comunity sample : a rdoc perspective." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/168878.
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Mental disorders present difficulties in the research of their mechanisms, considering the high levels of comorbidity and the lack of specific neuroscience data to evaluate them. Estipulating deficit circuits in the disorders and the best treatment is a complex task, given the limited comprehension of the factors that correlate to the disorders. The utilization of biomarkers has proved an efficient and reliable alternative to provide precise diagnosis. Among the biomarkers, the Error-Related Negativity component, an event-related cortical potential, has presented high indexes of stability and validity in correlating to anxiety, obsessive, and mood-related mental disorders. The present dissertation evaluated irritability traits in a community sample, using a Flanker task, that has consistently elicited Error-Related Negativity according to the literature. Our results corroborate literature and found a frontocentral negativity, that peaked around 100ms after the commission of an error in the Flanker Task. However, our manipulation of negative feedback did not support literature, and ERN amplitudes were less enhanced post negative feedback. The relationship between irritability and ERN remains unclear. Future studies should, therefore, address these questionings.
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Francazio, Sarah K. "Examining Cognitive Flexibility in Young Adults with Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Problems." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1402679890.
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Fernández, Prat Marta. "Els ritus de pas a la República Democràtica Alemanya." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5114.
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La present investigació fa una anàlisi, fonamentalment descriptiva, de la forma com el govern de la República Democràtica Alemanya (RDA) va introduir i estendre quatre rituals comunistes: la Namensweihe (acollida d'un nadó a la societat), la Jugendweihe ("ritual d'iniciació" de la joventut envers la comunitat del socialisme real existent), el casament (unió davant la societat de dues persones a fi de configurar una nova família -cèl·lula bàsica de la societat) i les exèquies (comiat, per defunció, d'una persona de la comunitat).Es mostra com la presència d'aquests rituals comunistes implica, més o menys explícitament segons el moment històric, una confrontació amb la institució que fins aquell moment havia monopolitzat els corresponents rituals i, consegüentment, la visió del món que calia tenir, compartir i transmetre. L'Estat de la RDA, s'ajuda dels rituals, per introduir als seus ciutadans tot un nou sistema político-econòmico-social, és a dir, una cosmovisió. Per aconseguir-ho, el Partit havia de realitzar dues tasques: d'una banda, deslegitimar qualsevol altra cosmovisió i, en conseqüència, qualsevol altra institució que es presentés com a dotadora de sentit. D'altra banda, havia de buscar els propis mecanismes de legitimació tenint en compte que, com més acceptat i interioritzat és un sistema de valors i la institució que els sosté, menys necessitat té aquesta d'usar el poder de la força física coercitiva.
La tesi dedica més atenció a un dels quatre rituals, concretament el de la Jugendweihe, perquè fou aquell que més esforços va costar al Règim, el que més rius de tinta havia fet córrer i el que, no sense motius, més resistència havia desencadenat en algunes capes de la població. La Jugendweihe implicava una elevada dosi d'adoctrinament dirigit a uns ciutadans de tendra edat i que, per tant, eren més receptius a qualsevol sistema d'idees i valors que se'ls fes arribar. Era un ritual, a més, que no durava un dia, sinó tot un curs acadèmic. Les sessions de preparació d'aquest no només anaven destinades a exposar el funcionament de la cerimònia i el "nou estatus" moral i legal que adquiria l'individu al dia de la celebració, sinó també a adoctrinar als joves en la Weltanschauung del marxisme-leninisme passat pel sedàs del SED (Partit Únic).
This is basically a piece of descriptive research on how the German
Democratic Republic (GDR) Regim, introduced and spread four communist
rituals: the Namensweihe (the welcoming of a baby to society), the
Jugendweihe (the union of two people before the society in order to
start a new family -basic cell of the society) and the funeral rites
(the farewell -passing away- of somebody of the community).
The present research shows how the presence of those communist rituals
imply -depending on the historical events- a confrontation with the
institution which, so far, had monopolized (until the birth of the GDR)
the rituals and, consequently, the vision of the world that everybody
had to have, share and transmit. The State used these rituals to
introduce their citizens to a completely new political, economical and
social system, also a cosmovision. In order to attain it, the Socialist
Party had to perform different missions: on the one hand , they had to
desligitimize any other cosmovision, that is, any other institution that
could pretend to have the real or the only sense of life. On the other
hand, it had to look for its own legitimate mechanisms. As far as this
latter idea is concerned, the Party could not ignore that the more
accepted and assumed a system of values and an institution is, the less
need does this institution have to use the power of coercitive force.
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Moraw, Frank. "Die Parole der Einheit und die Sozialdemokratie /." Bonn : J.H.W. Dietz Nachf, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35711665z.
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Cato, David A. "Extraction of caprolactam in a rotating disk contactor extractor." Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32843.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Chemical Engineering
Larry E. Erickson
Caprolactam (C₆H₁₁NO) is produced in industry primarily as a monomer to be converted to nylon-6 via a polymerization reaction. More demanding purity requirements for nylon-6 have increased the performance requirements of extraction columns in the purification train of caprolactam production. Caprolactam is produced by performing a Beckmann Rearrangement on cyclohexanone oxime followed by a neutralization of the excess oleum post reaction. The resulting side product is ammonium sulfate in water with a residual amount of caprolactam that has to be extracted with benzene from the aqueous ammonium sulfate solution to reduce product losses. The aqueous caprolactam liquor is extracted in another column into benzene which purifies the product from water soluble impurities. The resulting caprolactam dissolved in benzene is back extracted into water where the final purification steps are completed prior to storage. Rotating disk contactor (RDC) extraction columns were invented by Royal Dutch Shell in the early 1950’s. The columns have a rotor in the center that is driven by an electric motor to rotate equally spaced flat disks inside the column. There are equally spaced annulus shaped stators that serve to provide mixing-separation compartments for each of the mounted disks on the rotor. Of the variables to consider for the optimum performance of the extraction in the RDC extraction column is the rotor speed. Rotor speed curves are generated for the 3 RDC extraction columns of the caprolactam purification as well as calculations of the number of theoretical stages for each of the columns based on actual performance data. Benzene is the solvent of choice in this purification process however recent push by environmental groups and agencies as well as tightening regulations have driven a desire to find a more benign alternative to benzene for this process. A review of the research and literature on potential alternative solvents for caprolactam purification is summarized with positives and drawbacks for each possible alternative.