Journal articles: 'RD'

1

Couchot, François. "RD-Flatness and RD-Injectivity." Communications in Algebra 34, no. 10 (October 2006): 3675–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00927870600860817.

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Dunstan, R. "RD." International Journal of Aromatherapy 13, no. 1 (2003): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0962-4562(03)00049-3.

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Mao, Lixin. "Rd-phantom and RD-Ext-phantom morphisms." Filomat 32, no. 8 (2018): 2883–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1808883m.

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A morphism f of left R-modules is called an RD-phantom morphism if the induced morphism Tor1(R=aR,f)=0 for any a ? R. Similarly, a morphism g of left R-modules is said to be an RD-Ext-phantom morphism if the induced morphism Ext1(R=Ra,g)=0 for any a ? R. It is proven that a morphism f is an RD-phantom morphism if and only if the pullback of any short exact sequence along f is an RD-exact sequence; a morphism g is an RD-Ext-phantom morphism if and only if the pushout of any short exact sequence along g is an RD-exact sequence. We also characterize Pr?fer domains, left P-coherent rings, left PP rings, von Neumann regular rings in terms of RD-phantom and RD-Ext-phantom morphisms. Finally, we prove that every module has an epic RD-phantom cover with the kernel RD-injective and has a monic RD-Ext-phantom preenvelope with the cokernel RD-projective.

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Ngala Ntumba Kabadashi, Peter. "RD Congo." Developments in Administration 2, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): 53–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.46996/dina.v2i1.5111.

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La réforme de la décentralisation consacrée, en RD Congo, par sa Constitution du 18 février 2006 reste, dix ans après, tâtonnante et partant moins satisfaisante. Plusieurs études contemporaines démontrent que le processus est en crise. Toutefois, il existe des acquis qui rendent la démarche à nos jours presqu’irréversible. L’heure est donc de s’interroger sur les voies de sortie de la crise. Dans cette lancée, le présent article estime qu’il urge d’organiser un Forum national de l’évaluation et de redynamisation dudit processus.

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Foster, R. G., I. Provencio, D. Hudson, S. Fiske, W. De Grip, and M. Menaker. "Circadian photoreception in the retinally degenerate mouse (rd/rd)." Journal of Comparative Physiology A 169, no. 1 (July 1991): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00198171.

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Voldeng, H. D., E. R. Cober, and R. J. D. Guillemette. "RD 714 soybean." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 81, no. 4 (October 1, 2001): 739–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p01-051.

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7

Podlesny, Maxim, and Sergey Gorinsky. "Rd network services." ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 38, no. 4 (October 2008): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1402946.1402988.

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Kallivroussis, L., A. Natsis, and G. Papadakis. "RD—Rural Development." Biosystems Engineering 81, no. 3 (March 2002): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bioe.2001.0021.

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Twomlow, Steve, Dave O'Neill, Brian Sims, Jim Ellis-Jones, and Tahseen Jafry. "RD—Rural Development." Biosystems Engineering 81, no. 3 (March 2002): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bioe.2001.0031.

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10

Alic, John A. "Cooperation in RD." Technovation 10, no. 5 (July 1990): 319–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-4972(90)90016-d.

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Cabañas, Aracel, Felicia Sáez, Alberto González, and Ricardo Escalada. "RD—Rural Development." Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 77, no. 3 (November 2000): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jaer.2000.0594.

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Bechler, Paweł. "Inequivalence of Wavelet Systems in L1(Rd) and BV(Rd)." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Mathematics 53, no. 1 (2005): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4064/ba53-1-4.

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Abrahamson, David. "Legacy of RD Laing." Mental Health Practice 12, no. 8 (May 27, 2009): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/mhp.12.8.10.s15.

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Wang, Feng-Yu. "Gradient Estimates on Rd." Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 37, no. 4 (December 1, 1994): 560–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cmb-1994-083-5.

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AbstractThis paper uses both the maximum principle and coupling method to study gradient estimates of positive solutions to Lu = 0 on Rd, wherewith (aij) uniformly positive definite and aij,bi € C1(Rd). We obtain some upper bounds of |∇u|/u and ∥∇u∥∞/∥u∥∞, which imply a Harnack inequality and improve the corresponding results proved in Cranston [4]. Besides, two examples show that our estimates can be sharp.

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15

Straznicky, Nora E., and Elisabeth A. Lambert. "Reply to RD Jindal." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 89, no. 6 (June 1, 2009): 1948–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.27830.

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16

Thomas, Ravi, and Andrew Braganza. "Phacoemulsification after RD Surgery." Ophthalmology 103, no. 11 (November 1996): 1714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(96)30440-5.

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17

Daley, Mark. "Mermill Rd., Milton Center." Iowa Review 32, no. 3 (December 2002): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0021-065x.5612.

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18

&NA;. "Betsy Hiser, RD, MS." Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation 21, no. 1 (January 2001): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008483-200101000-00003.

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Detlefsen, S., and G. Klöppel. "Histopathologie der IgG4-RD." Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie 75, no. 7 (July 12, 2016): 666–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00393-016-0130-2.

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Mölder, S. "Analytical fluid dynamics ( $$3{\mathrm{rd}}$$ 3 rd ed.) by George Emanuel." Shock Waves 26, no. 2 (January 18, 2016): 227–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00193-015-0619-7.

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Graça, Jose Ronaldo Vasconcelos, Jose Ricardo Cunha Neves, Sidney Wendell Goiana da Silva, and Willy Okoba. "Rectal distention increases the frequency and duration of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations in anesthetized dogs– a putative rectoesophageal reflex." Revista de Medicina da UFC 59, no. 3 (September 13, 2019): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.20513/2447-6595.2019v59n3p24-31.

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Introduction: The esophagus is subject to frequent reflux of gastric contents as a normal phenomenon during episodes of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation (tLESR), responsible too, for pathologic reflux. However, pathologic reflux is mostly associated with reflux of acid contents. Distending the stomach provokes an increase in frequency of tLESR. Objective: To investigate the effect of distending the rectum on the tLESR and possible involved pathways. Methods: Forty four (Protocol: 096/07) street dogs were selected and divided into respective protocols: Rectal distention (RD), Gastric distention (GD), RD+GD, Atropine+RD, Hexamethonium+RD, Baclofen+RD, Bilateral Pudendal nerve section+RD and Spinal cord transection+RD. We determined and compared the tLESR of each group and subjected data to statistical analysis. Values of p<0.05 were regarded as statistically significant. Results: RD provoked a significant increase in the tLESR just as GD, with RD+GD provoking the highest value of tLESR. This increase in tLESR due to RD was prevented in A+RD, B+RD, Bilateral Pudendal nerve section+RD and Spinal cord transection+RD but not Hexamethonium+RD protocols. Conclusion: RD is a significant inducer of an increase in tLESR with participation of muscharinic and GABAβ, sensitive and spinal cord neurons, but not nicotinic receptors.

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Szenasi, G., G. Kottra, P. Bencsath, and L. Takacs. "Renal nerves in exaggerated water and sodium excretion by hypertrophied kidney of anesthetized rats." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 254, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): F32—F37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1988.254.1.f32.

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The effect of acute renal denervation (RD) on water (V), sodium (UNaV), and potassium excretion (UKV) from the hypertrophied and control kidney was studied in 5-sec-butyl-5-ethyl-2-thiobarbituric acid (Inactin)-anesthetized male rats 7 days after unilateral nephrectomy (Nx) or sham operation (SNx). V, UNaV, and UKV from the hypertrophied kidney were similar before and after RD or sham RD. In contrast, in SNx rats, left RD resulted in an ipsilateral increase in V (from 2.76 +/- 0.39 to 5.31 +/- 0.99 microliters.min-1.g-1), UNaV (from 109 +/- 36 to 857 +/- 331 nmol.min-1.g-1), and UKV (from 144 +/- 44 to 807 +/- 130 nmol.min-1.g-1; P less than 0.05 in all cases). Moreover, renal parameters from the hypertrophied kidney, subjected to either RD or sham RD, were not different from values after RD in SNx rats (V: Nx, sham RD = 5.72 +/- 1.10; Nx, RD = 5.23 +/- 0.66; SNx, RD = 5.31 +/- 0.99 microliters.min-1.g-1; UNaV: Nx, sham RD = 896 +/- 319; Nx, RD = 821 +/- 262; SNx, RD = 857 +/- 331 nmol.min-1.g-1; UKV: Nx, sham RD = 782 +/- 127; Nx, RD = 860 +/- 82; SNx, RD = 807 +/- 130 nmol.min-1.g-1). In additional experiments, integrated renal nerve activity (RNA) to the kidney in Nx and SNx rats was 4.0 +/- 0.3 and 10.7 +/- 0.9 microV (P less than 0.05), respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Park, Chan Mi, Hyun Seo Park, Gun Su Cha, Ki Deok Park, and Chul-Ho Yun. "Regioselective Hydroxylation of Rhododendrol by CYP102A1 and Tyrosinase." Catalysts 10, no. 10 (September 25, 2020): 1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10101114.

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Rhododendrol (RD) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound found in many plants. Tyrosinase (Ty) converts RD to RD-catechol and subsequently RD-quinone via two-step oxidation reactions, after which RD-melanin forms spontaneously from RD-quinone. RD is cytotoxic in melanocytes and lung cancer cells, but not in keratinocytes and fibroblasts. However, the function of RD metabolites has not been possible to investigate due to the lack of available high purity metabolites. In this study, an enzymatic strategy for RD-catechol production was devised using engineered cytochrome P450 102A1 (CYP102A1) and Ty, and the product was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), LC-MS, and NMR spectroscopy. Engineered CYP102A1 regioselectively produced RD-catechol via hydroxylation at the ortho position of RD. Although RD-quinone was subsequently formed by two step oxidation in Ty catalyzed reactions, L-ascorbic acid (LAA) inhibited RD-quinone formation and contributed to regioselective production of RD-catechol. When LAA was present, the productivity of RD-catechol by Ty was 5.3-fold higher than that by engineered CYP102A1. These results indicate that engineered CYP102A1 and Ty can be used as effective biocatalysts to produce hydroxylated products, and Ty is a more cost-effective biocatalyst for industrial applications than engineered CYP102A1.

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Dimopoulos, Meletios A., Maria Roussou, Maria Gavriatopoulou, Magdalini Migkou, Maria Gkotzamanidou, Evangelos Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou, Dimitrios Christoulas, Evangelos Terpos, and Efstathios Kastritis. "Lenalidomide with Low or Intermediate Dose Dexamethasone in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Myeloma." Blood 120, no. 21 (November 16, 2012): 4028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.4028.4028.

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Abstract Abstract 4028 Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory drug with significant efficacy in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (MM) in combination with high or intermediate dose dexamethasone (RD). Previous studies in newly diagnosed patients (pts) showed that the combination of lenalidomide plus low dose dexamethasone (Rd) is associated with better overall survival (OS) and lower toxicity. However, there are no data comparing different dose of dexamethasone with lenalidomide in pts with relapsed or refractory myeloma. To address this issue we analyzed, retrospectively, 102 consecutive pts with relapsed or refractory MM, treated in a single center (Department of Clinical Therapeutics, University of Athens, Greece), who received lenalidomide with dexamethasone: 70 patients received lenalidomide and dexamethasone at a dose 40 mg PO, on days 1–4 and 15–18 for the first 4 cycles and only on days 1–4 thereafter (intermediate dose; group RD) and 32 pts who received lenalidomide and low dose dexamethasone (40 mg PO weekly; group Rd). Lenalidomide was administered on days 1–21 according to creatinine clearance (CrCl): 25mg/day for CrCl >50 ml/min, 10 mg/day for CrCl 30–50 ml/min, 15 mg every other day for CrCl 15–29 ml/min and for pts on dialysis 5 mg, once daily. RD and Rd were repeated every 28 days till disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. All pts received DVT prophylaxis with aspirin 100 mg/day except 18 pts (18%) who were already on coumadin or LMWH for other indications (atrial fibrillation, previous DVT, etc). The median age of the pts was 67 years for RD and 69 years for Rd (p=0.36). There were no significant differences regarding the presence of specific cytogenetic abnormalities or high risk cytogenetics (p>0.3 for all comparisons). Patients in group RD were more heavily pretreated and had more often exposed to thalidomide (69% vs. 43%, p=0.013) or bortezomib (76% vs. 63%, p=0.1) and had more often thalidomide resistance (43% vs. 10%, p=0.001) or bortezomib resistance (46% vs. 20%, p=0.014). The number of prior therapies in group RD was 2 (range: 1–6) vs. 1 (range: 1–3) in group Rd (p=0.007), while 60% in RD vs. 30% in Rd were refractory to last line of therapy (p=0.006). Pts in RD have received a median of 10 cycles (range: 1–44 cycles) and only 2 pts are still receiving therapy, while pts in Rd have received a median of 5 (range: 1–17) cycles but 21 (70%) continue to receive treatment. The median follow-up was 18 months (range: 1–58 months) for RD and 7.6 months (range: 1.9–23.6 months) for Rd. Responses, according to IMWG criteria, were not different among the two groups: in RD, CR (26%), PR (36%), SD (26%), PD (12%) and in Rd, CR (13%), PR (53%), SD (27%) and PD (7%). At least PR was observed in 32% of pts in RD and in 66% in Rd (p=0.45) of thalidomide-refractory pts, and in 45% in RD and 33% in group Rd (p=0.72) of bortezomib-refractory pts. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 10 months (range: 1–55 months) for RD and has not been reached for Rd, but the 6-month PFS rate was 84% (p=0.003). The median time to next treatment was 11 months (range: 0.9–53 months) for RD and has not been reached for Rd. The OS was 18 months (range: 0.9–58 months) for RD and has not been reached for Rd, but the 1-year probability for OS was 81% (p=0.27). After adjustment for prior thalidomide and/or bortezomib resistance, disease refractory to last line of therapy and number of prior therapies, there was no difference for RD vs. Rd for OS (HR: 1.7, 95% CI 0.572–5, p=0.338) but Rd was associated with better PFS than RD (HR: 0.36, 95% CI 0.14–0.95, p=0.038). We also evaluated the effect of treatment on renal impairment reversal. Twenty nine pts (40%) in group RD and 7 pts (23%) in group Rd had an eGFR, calculated by the MDRD formula, of <60 ml/min. Seven patients (25%) from group RD and none from group Rd achieved renal response (p=0.199), according to the IMWG criteria. More patients treated with RD developed grade ≥3 neutropenia (23% vs. 3%) and fatigue ≥grade 3 (15% vs. 3%); 3 pts from group RD developed thrombosis (2 patients DVT and one pulmonary embolism) vs. none with Rd. Other toxicities occurred with similar frequency between RD and Rd. This is the first analysis, which compared the role of intermediate and low dose dexamethasone with lenalidomide in pts with relapsed or refractory myeloma. Our data indicate that Rd is probably as effective as RD, while it may be better tolerated. Updated results regarding OS and PFS as well as renal recovery will be presented at the meeting. Disclosures: Dimopoulos: Celgene: Honoraria. Terpos:Celgene: Honoraria.

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Kapadia, Milan, Andy O. Miller, Allina Nocon, Peter Sculco, and Susan M. Goodman. "383. Rheumatic Disease Patients Have More Culture Negative Prosthetic Joint Infections: Are There Clinical Differences?" Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S198—S199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.456.

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Abstract Background Rheumatic disease (RD) patients are at increased risk for prosthetic joint infections (PJI), however, diagnosis is challenging because active RD may mimic joint infection. We aimed to assess the incidence of culture-negative (CN) PJI in a population of RD and osteoarthritic (OA) PJI using an institutional PJI registry. Baseline clinical differences between CN-RD and culture-positive (CP)-RD as well as the relationship of culture negativity to survivorship of the prosthesis were also evaluated. Methods A retrospective cohort of hip and knee PJIs, from 2009 to 2016, were identified by ICD codes, and confirmed by chart review. RD cases were identified by ICD code and use of RD-specific medications. CN cases were defined as PJIs with no evidence of microbial growth in intraoperative cultures. Demographics, medications, microbiology, surgical therapy and outcome were abstracted. Baseline characteristics were evaluated using Fisher’s exact and Chi-Square tests. Kaplan–Meier estimates were used to calculate survivorship. Results 803 PJI cases were identified including 36 RD (33 rheumatoid arthritis and 3 systemic lupus erythematosus) and 771 OA. A higher proportion of RD PJI were CN (N = 10, 27%) vs. OA PJI (N = 109, 14%, P = 0.02). Fewer CN-RD cases met PJI histopathology criteria compared with CN-OA, (P = 0.08). On average, RD-CN were younger than OA-CN (59 vs 69, P = 0.01), but no different than RD-CP cases. One year survivorship of CN-OA and CN-RD were 87% and 66%, respectively and 47% for CP-RD. Comparing CN-RD vs. CP-RD, no difference was observed in age, smoking, diabetes, or Charlson comorbidities, but a trend toward higher prevalence of prior PJI in the CN-RD group. Clinically, no differences were found in surgical treatment (P = 0.92) or use of biologics and DMARDs (P = 0.12) between CN and CP RD patients. Conclusion RD PJIs are more likely to be culture-negative than OA PJIs. Prior PJI, histopathology and better outcomes suggest biologic differences that should be explored further. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Usmani, Saad Zafar, Thierry Facon, Shaji Kumar, Torben Plesner, Philippe Moreau, Supratik Basu, Hareth Nahi, et al. "Impact of age on efficacy and safety of daratumumab in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (D-Rd) in patients (pts) with transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM): MAIA." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): 8035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.8035.

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8035 Background: D-Rd significantly reduced the risk of progression/death by 44% in transplant-ineligible NDMM pts vs Rd in the phase 3 MAIA study. To examine the impact of age on efficacy/safety of D-Rd vs Rd in this population, a subgroup analysis was conducted in pts <75 and ≥75 y of age. Methods: Transplant-ineligible NDMM pts were randomized 1:1 to Rd ± DARA; stratification was based on age (<75 vs ≥75 y), ISS (I, II, III), and region (North America vs Other). Pts received 28-day cycles of either R 25 or 10 mg (based on renal function) PO QD on Days 1-21 and either d 40 or 20 mg (based on age or BMI) PO/IV weekly until progression. In the D-Rd arm, pts received daratumumab 16 mg/kg IV QW for Cycles 1-2, Q2W for Cycles 3-6, and Q4W thereafter until progression. PFS is the primary endpoint. Results: Among 737 randomized pts (D-Rd, n=368; Rd, n=369), 321 (44%) were ≥75 y of age. For D-Rd vs Rd, relative median dose intensity for R was 79% vs 93% for <75 y subgroup and 66% vs 89% for ≥75 y subgroup, respectively. After median follow-up of 28 mo, significant PFS benefit of D-Rd vs Rd was maintained in both <75 and ≥75 y subgroups (Table). Deeper responses and MRD-negative rate (10-5 threshold) remained higher with D-Rd vs Rd in both subgroups (Table). Most common (≥10%; D-Rd/Rd) grade 3/4 TEAEs in ≥75 y pts were neutropenia (60%/41%), lymphopenia (19%/12%), anemia (16%/22%), pneumonia (15%/10%), leukopenia (12%/6%), and thrombocytopenia (8%/11%). Fewer pts receiving D-Rd vs Rd discontinued treatment due to TEAEs (<75 y: 5% vs 12%; ≥75 y: 10% vs 21%). Conclusions: D-Rd pts received less R vs Rd group regardless of age. Efficacy of D-Rd in <75 and ≥75 y pts was consistent with the ITT population, and D-Rd demonstrated acceptable tolerability regardless of age. Together with the phase 3 ALCYONE study, these studies confirm clinical benefit of daratumumab plus standard-of-care in transplant-ineligible NDMM pts ≥75 y of age. Clinical trial information: NCT02252172. [Table: see text]

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Sharma, Y., S. N. Sharma, P. Joshi, and R. S. Sain. "Combining ability in the F1 and F2 generations of a diallel cross in six-rowed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 51, no. 3 (November 1, 2003): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.51.2003.3.5.

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The F1 and F2 progenies of a ten-parent diallel cross (excluding reciprocals) were analysed for the combining ability of quantitative traits in six-rowed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). significant differences were indicated between the parents, F1s and F2s for all the characters studied. The gca and sca components of variance were significant for all the traits. Both additive and non-additive gene effects were involved in the genetic control of the characters; however, non-additive gene effects were observed to be predominant. Among the parents RD 2035, RD 2052, RD 2503 and BL 2 were the best general combiners for grain yield and average to high combiners for other important traits.The parents RD 2552 and RD 387 were the best general combiners for dwarfness. The best specific crosses for grain yield were RD 2503 × RD 2585,RD 2035 × RD 2052, RD 2035 × BL 2, RD 2052 × BL 2, RD 2508 × RD 2552, RD 2552 × RD 2585 and Rd 2052 × RD 2552 in both the F1 and F2 generations. These crosses were higher yielders and in most of the crosses one of the parents involved was a good combiner, indicating that such combinations can be expected to produce desirable transgressive segregants. All the best crosses for grain yield also showed average to high sca effects for most of the yield components. Most of the specific crosses for grain yield involved high × average, average × average and average × poor general combiners. To ensure a further increase in grain yield, the combination of desirable yield components is advocated. The inclusion of F1 hybrids showing high sca, and having parents with good gca, in multiple crosses, bi-parental mating or diallel selective mating could prove a worthwhile approach for further amelioration of grain yield in six-rowed barley.

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Serna Pérez, Alfonso, and Jorge A. Zegbe. "RENDIMIENTO, CALIDAD DE FRUTO Y EFICIENCIA EN EL USO DEL AGUA DEL CHILE ‘MIRASOL’ BAJO RIEGO DEFICITARIO." Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana 35, Especial_5 (December 28, 2012): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2012.especial_5.53.

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La disponibilidad de agua es la principal limitante ambiental para la producción de chile (Capsicum annuum L.) seco en el Norte Centro de México. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar cuatro formas de riego deficitario (RD) con el riego completo (RC), con base en rendimiento, calidad del chile seco y eficiencia del uso del agua de riego (EUAR) en chile ‘Mirasol’ cultivado en una zona semiárida. Los tratamientos de RD fueron: 85 % (RD 85), 70 % (RD 70), 55 % (RD 55), y 40 % (RD 40) del RC. El ahorro promedio de agua en RD 85, RD 70, RD 55 y RD 40 fue de 8, 16, 23 y 30 %, respectivamente. El tratamiento RD 40 produjo el más alto porcentaje de fruta comercial, con rendimientos similares al RC en dos de los tres años evaluados. El RD 40 incrementó la EUAR, y redujo el volumen de agua aplicada en 1520 m3 ha-1 comparado con RC. Por tanto, este tratamiento podría ser una alternativa para el ahorro de agua en esta región semiárida y otras que enfrentan sobre-explotación de acuíferos, sin detrimento en la calidad del chile seco. No obstante, más estudios con RD para este cultivo son necesarios en áreas de baja o nula precipitación pluvial.

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El Hamichi, Sophia, Dhariana Acon, Veronica Kon Graversen, Aaron S. Gold, Audina M. Berrocal, and Timothy G. Murray. "Persistent Retinal Detachment in Retinoblastoma: The Challenges." Journal of Ophthalmology 2020 (September 10, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1486757.

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Introduction. Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common eye tumor in children. There have been significant improvements in treatment options targeting killing the tumor while also conserving the eye and attempting to conserve functional vision. Retinal detachment (RD) is not an uncommon event and compromises the vision and sometimes RB treatment. Materials and Methods. Retrospective review of 62 patients over a period of 8 years between 2012 and 2019 with eyes treated for RB and having persistent RD that did not resolve after complete tumor regression. Results. Forty-two patients of these 62 cases developed RD (67%). The RD resolved in 35 patients (83% of RD), and 7 patients (16% of RD) developed a persistent RD. In all the persistent RD groups (7 patients/11 eyes), RB and RD were present simultaneously in the first ophthalmological assessment. Sex ratio was 2 females/5 males. The mean age of diagnosis was 11 months. All eyes had advanced RB stages. Eight eyes had local treatment with transpupillary laser, 6 eyes received IAC, and 3 patients received systemic chemotherapy. In 9 eyes, the RD had both exudative and tractional components. Only one eye had a pure tractional RD due to persistent fetal vasculature, and one eye had rhegmatogenous RD component with presence of a tear in addition to exudation. None of the eyes received RD surgical repair. Conclusion. Persistent RD occurs in eyes with advanced RB stages with complex RD with more than one component. The dilemma is performing a vitrectomy in eyes with cancer and poor visual outcome.

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Strettoi, Enrica, Vincenzo Pignatelli, Chiara Rossi, Vittorio Porciatti, and Benedetto Falsini. "Remodeling of second-order neurons in the retina of rd/rd mutant mice." Vision Research 43, no. 8 (April 2003): 867–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0042-6989(02)00594-1.

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Strettoi, Enrica, Vittorio Porciatti, Benedetto Falsini, Vincenzo Pignatelli, and Chiara Rossi. "Morphological and Functional Abnormalities in the Inner Retina of the rd/rd Mouse." Journal of Neuroscience 22, no. 13 (July 1, 2002): 5492–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.22-13-05492.2002.

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Bonaventure, N., N. Wioland, and P. Karli. "Enhanced sensory convergence to the visual cortex in the rodless (rd/rd) mouse." Documenta Ophthalmologica 61, no. 1 (October 1985): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00143221.

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LAVAIL, MATTHEW M., MICHAEL T. MATTHES, DOUGLAS YASUMURA, and ROY H. STEINBERG. "Variability in Rate of Cone Degeneration in the Retinal Degeneration (rd/rd) Mouse." Experimental Eye Research 65, no. 1 (July 1997): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/exer.1997.0308.

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Li, Chi-Cheng, Jih-Luh Tang, Chien Ting Lin, Bor Sheng Ko, Ming Yao, and Michael R. Loken. "Clinical Relevance of Pre- and Post-Transplantation Residual Disease, Hematogones and Natural Killer Cells in Adult Patients with Acute Leukemia." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 4490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.4490.4490.

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Abstract Abstract 4490 Purpose Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) may rescue patients with acute myeloid and lymphoblastic leukemia (AML/ALL) even in high risk disease. Little has been investigated about prognostic impact of pre- and post-transplant residual disease (RD) status, hematogones (HG) level and natural killer (NK) cells level in the adult patients with acute leukemia. Materials & Methods We retrospectively studied 45 consecutive adult patients, including 31 AML and 14 ALL, receiving allo-SCT at National Taiwan University Hospital. Based on disease status at transplant, 18 patients were in standard risk; 16 in intermediate risk; and 11 in high risk disease. 28 patients underwent myeloablative conditioning and 17 received reduced-intensity SCT. Bone marrow samples were obtained both before conditioning therapy (pre-SCT) and at hemogram recovery after transplantation (post-SCT). RD, HG level and NK cells level were evaluated by multidimensional flow cytometry. Leukemia-free survival (LFS) was estimated by using Kaplan-Meier method. Results Pre-SCT RD-negative (RD-) was shown in 26 patients and RD-positive (RD+) in 19 patients; whereas post-SCT RD- was found in 39 patients and RD+ in 6 patients. Level of pre-SCT RD status ranges from 0–90% and level of post-SCT RD status ranges from 0–3%. Estimated one-year LFS were 71.8% in pre-SCT RD- compared to 0% in pre-SCT RD+ group (P=0.008, Fig. 1). In post-SCT flow cytometric analysis, one-year LFS were 33.2% in post-SCT RD- versus 25.0% in post-SCT RD+ group (P=0.002, Fig. 2). After combining pre- and post-SCT RD status, three groups of patients were identified; pre-SCT RD−/post-SCT RD- (n=26), pre-SCT RD+/post-SCT RD- (n=13), and pre-SCT RD+/post-SCT RD+ (n=6). The classification further stratify the patients into different groups with distinct outcome (P=0.003, Fig. 3). We also found the median HG 0.2% (range 0–12%) and 0.1% (range 0–2.1%) and median NK cells 1.8% (range 0.2–20%) and 1.8% (0.02–15.5%) pre-SCT and post-SCT, respectively. The patients with higher NK cells, either pre-SCT or post-SCT, had longer LFS (P<0.001 and 0.004, continuous variables, respectively). Conclusion Our data suggest both pre- and post-SCT RD status and NK cells level could predict the transplant outcome. Further large-scale studies may be needed to confirm this point. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Larocca, Alessandra, Francesca Bonello, Gianluca Gaidano, Mattia D’Agostino, Massimo Offidani, Nicola Cascavilla, Andrea Capra, et al. "Dose/schedule-adjusted Rd-R vs continuous Rd for elderly, intermediate-fit patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma." Blood 137, no. 22 (June 3, 2021): 3027–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.2020009507.

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Abstract Lenalidomide-dexamethasone (Rd) is standard treatment for elderly patients with multiple myeloma (MM). In this randomized phase 3 study, we investigated efficacy and feasibility of dose/schedule-adjusted Rd followed by maintenance at 10 mg per day without dexamethasone (Rd-R) vs continuous Rd in elderly, intermediate-fit newly diagnosed patients with MM. Primary end point was event-free survival (EFS), defined as progression/death from any cause, lenalidomide discontinuation, or hematologic grade 4 or nonhematologic grade 3 to 4 adverse event (AE). Of 199 evaluable patients, 101 received Rd-R and 98 continuous Rd. Median follow-up was 37 months. EFS was 10.4 vs 6.9 months (hazard ratio [HR], 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51-0.95; P = .02); median progression-free survival, 20.2 vs 18.3 months (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.55-1.10; P = .16); and 3-year overall survival, 74% vs 63% (HR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.37-1.03; P = .06) with Rd-R vs Rd, respectively. Rate of ≥1 nonhematologic grade ≥3 AE was 33% vs 43% (P = .14) in Rd-R vs Rd groups, with neutropenia (21% vs 18%), infections (10% vs 12%), and skin disorders (7% vs 3%) the most frequent; constitutional and central nervous system AEs mainly related to dexamethasone were more frequent with Rd. Lenalidomide was discontinued for AEs in 24% vs 30% and reduced in 45% vs 62% of patients receiving Rd-R vs Rd, respectively. In intermediate-fit patients, switching to reduced-dose lenalidomide maintenance without dexamethasone after 9 Rd cycles was feasible, with similar outcomes to standard continuous Rd. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02215980.

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Esteves, Jorge, Andréia F. Laranjeira, Murilo F. Roggia, Melissa Dalpizol, Caio Scocco, Caroline K. Kramer, Mirela J. Azevedo, and Luís H. Canani. "Fatores de risco para retinopatia diabética." Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 52, no. 3 (April 2008): 431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-27302008000300003.

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A retinopatia diabética (RD) acomete cerca de 95% dos pacientes com diabetes melito tipo 1 (DM1) e 60% dos pacientes com diabetes melito tipo 2 (DM2), sendo a principal causa de cegueira legal em adultos. O objetivo desse manuscrito foi revisar os principais fatores de risco para RD. Os fatores de risco ambientais mais importantes são a hiperglicemia sustentada, os valores elevados de pressão arterial e a longa duração de DM. Entretanto, nem todos os pacientes desenvolvem RD, o que sugere a presença de fatores genéticos, em especial para as formas graves de RD. Diferentes estratégias têm sido utilizadas para avaliar o papel da genética na RD. Estudos de famílias demonstraram agregação familiar de RD. Genes candidatos têm sido estudados (RAGE; VEGF; PPAR-delta; ICAM-1; ECA; ENPP 1; eNOS), observando-se associações positivas ou negativas com a RD. Também alguns cromossomos, em populações selecionadas, foram associados à RD. Finalmente, estudos de expressão genética reforçam a associação de genes candidatos, ou determinam a participação de outros, com a presença da RD. A RD é uma complicação freqüente do DM e junto com os fatores não-genéticos ou ambientais, a identificação de genes relacionados à RD poderá resultar tratamentos mais específicos e eficazes para a RD.

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Rotondo, Cinzia, Francesco Paolo Cantatore, Marco Fornaro, Ripalta Colia, Giuseppe Busto, Valeria Rella, Stefania Sciacca, et al. "Preliminary Data on Post Market Safety Profiles of COVID 19 Vaccines in Rheumatic Diseases: Assessments on Various Vaccines in Use, Different Rheumatic Disease Subtypes, and Immunosuppressive Therapies: A Two-Centers Study." Vaccines 9, no. 7 (July 2, 2021): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9070730.

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An increased risk of developing severe infections has been evidenced in rheumatic disease (RD) patients, and anti-COVID-19 vaccination is strictly recommended for RD patients. However, up to now, no data are available on safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccinations in RD patients. The possible development of adverse events (AEs), including the flare-up of underlying RD, represents a matter of growing importance. The aim of our study is to assess, in RD patients, the safety profile of different types of approved vaccines and the possible influence of immunosuppressive therapies and clinical or demographic characteristics of RD patients on development of AEs. Participants (n = 185; 30.7%) received anti-COVID-19 vaccinations, 137 with autoimmune/chronic inflammatory RD (Au/cIn-RD) and 48 with nonautoimmune/chronic inflammatory RD (no-Au/cIn-RD). AEs were recorded in 42% of patients after the first dose of vaccine, and in 26% of patients after the second dose. The most common reported AEs after anti-COVID 19 vaccines were site injection pain (17%), headache (12%), fever (12%), myalgia (10%) and fatigue (10%). Relapses of the underlying Au/c-In-RD were recorded in 2.2% of patients after the first dose of vaccine. In Au/c-In-RD the risk of developing AEs after the first dose of vaccine was lower in older patients (OR = 0.95; p = 0.001), and in the group of patients with complete control of RD (OR: 0.2; p = 0.010). A lower percentage of AEs was observed in patients with complete control of their Au/cIn-RD (29%) compared to those with low (57%) or moderate-high disease activity (63%) (p = 0.002 and p = 0.006 respectively). In this study all types of COVID-19 vaccines in use in Italy seemed safe in RD patients. The results of this study might provide reassuring information for Au/cIn RD patients and clinicians and could strengthen the data on vaccine safety to guide the use of COVID-19 vaccines in Au/cIn-RD on immunosuppressive agents.

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De Coninck, Tineke, Wouter Huysse, Laurent Willemot, René Verdonk, Koenraad Verstraete, and Peter Verdonk. "Two-Year Follow-up Study on Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Polyurethane Meniscal Scaffolds." American Journal of Sports Medicine 41, no. 1 (November 1, 2012): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546512463344.

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Background: Little is known about radial displacement (RD) of polyurethane (PU) scaffolds, intended for partial meniscus defect substitution; no data are available on whether rim thickness influences RD and whether RD correlates with clinical outcome scores. Hypotheses: The meniscus is not extruded preoperatively, but RD occurs after scaffold implantation. A thicker rim will limit RD, and there is no correlation between RD and clinical outcome. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Twenty-six patients were implanted with a PU scaffold (8 lateral, 18 medial). Radial displacement (mm) was evaluated on magnetic resonance images preoperatively and at 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years postoperatively. At each time point, it was determined whether a correlation existed between the rim and RD. Clinical outcome was determined using a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain as well as the Lysholm knee scoring scale, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score. Results: Radial displacement of lateral scaffolds was not significantly different ( P = .178) either preoperatively (mean ± SD, 3.42 ± 0.99 mm) or at 3 months (4.82 ± 0.59 mm), 1 year (4.55 ± 0.87 mm), or 2 years postoperatively (4.10 ± 0.93 mm). No correlation was observed between the rim and lateral RD at all time points. Medial scaffold RD increased significantly ( P < .001) from preoperative values (2.17 ± 0.84 mm) to those at 3 months (4.25 ± 0.89 mm), 1 year (4.43 ± 1.01 mm), and 2 years postoperatively (4.41 ± 0.96 mm). A strong negative correlation between medial RD and the rim was observed at all time points. There was no significant correlation between clinical outcome scores and RD, either preoperatively or postoperatively. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that limited medial meniscal RD was present preoperatively but increased by 2 mm after scaffold implantation. Lateral RD was also present preoperatively but did not increase after scaffold implantation. Importantly, a strong negative correlation was found between the rim and postoperative medial RD; a thicker rim limited RD. However, in the lateral compartment, rim thickness did not correlate with RD because RD was already strongly present preoperatively. Finally, no correlations were observed between scaffold RD and clinical outcome scores, either preoperatively or postoperatively.

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Jin, Haifeng, Jiemin Liu, Robert D. Foreman, Jiande D. Z. Chen, and Jieyun Yin. "Electrical neuromodulation at acupoint ST36 normalizes impaired colonic motility induced by rectal distension in dogs." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 309, no. 5 (September 1, 2015): G368—G376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00467.2014.

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Electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to improve impaired gastric motility and slow waves in both humans and animals. However, its effects on colonic motility have rarely been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of EA on impaired colonic motility induced by rectal distension (RD)in dogs. Colon contractions and transit were measured in various sessions with and without EA in hound dogs chronically placed with a colonic cannula. Colonic contractile activity was assessed by motility index (MI). Autonomic functions were determined by the spectral analysis of the heart rate variability derived from the electrocardiogram. It was found 1) RD suppressed colonic motility by 40.5% (10.8 ± 0.9 with RD vs. 6.4 ± 0.8 at baseline, P < 0.002). EA at ST36 normalized colonic contractions suppressed by RD (12.9 ± 2.8, P < 0.002 vs. RD and P = 0.1 vs. control). 2) Administration of atropine blocked the ameliorating effect of EA on colon motility. 3) RD also delayed colonic transit (65.0 ± 2.0% with RD vs. 86.0 ± 1.9% without RD, P < 0.001) that was restored with EA (84.0 ± 1.9%, P = 0.178 vs. control). 4) EA increased vagal activity suppressed by RD (0.37 ± 0.07 with RD + EA vs. 0.09 ± 0.03 with RD without EA, P < 0.001). In conclusion, RD inhibits colonic contractions and delays colonic transit in dogs; EA at ST36 restores the RD-induced impairment in both colonic contraction and transit by enhancing vagal activity and mediated via the cholinergic pathway.

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Törő, Krisztina Tárnokiné, Mónika Miklósi, Eszter Horanyi, Gábor Pers Kovács, and Judit Balázs. "Reading Disability Spectrum: Early and Late Recognition, Subthreshold, and Full Comorbidity." Journal of Learning Disabilities 51, no. 2 (April 13, 2017): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022219417704169.

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Several studies have reported high comorbidity for reading disability (RD) and psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the comorbidity of subthreshold and full psychiatric disorders with RD while comparing subgroups based on age of RD recognition (early vs. late). We analyzed data from 130 children with RD and 82 typically developing children aged 7 to 18 years. RD was assessed with the Dyslexia Differential Diagnosis Maastricht-Hungarian Standard Test. Psychiatric diagnoses were based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Kid. Chi-square tests were used for group comparisons of the prevalence of subthreshold and full disorders. A higher proportion of children in the RD group were assessed as having internalizing or externalizing disorders. When subthreshold and full diagnoses were considered together, the prevalence of internalizing but not externalizing pathology was higher in the RD group than the control group. The prevalence of internalizing pathology was similar in the early and late RD subgroups, but externalizing pathology was more common in the late RD subgroup. When subthreshold and full diagnoses were considered together, mood disorder and externalizing pathology were more prevalent in the late RD subgroup than the early RD subgroup. This study demonstrated that early recognition of RD may play a role in determining comorbid psychopathology and should therefore be an educational and clinical priority. Clinicians should routinely screen children with RD for comorbid disorders, including subthreshold pathology.

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Jaksic, Smiljana, and Bojan Prangoski. "Extension theorem of Whitney type for S(Rd+) by use of the Kernel theorem." Publications de l'Institut Math?matique (Belgrade) 99, no. 113 (2016): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pim1613059j.

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We study the expansions of the elements in S(Rd +) and S?(Rd +) with respect to the Laguerre orthonormal basis, extending the result of M. Guillemot-Teissier in the one dimensional case. As a consequence, we obtain Kernel theorem for S(Rd +) and S?(Rd +) and an extension theorem of Whitney type for S(Rd +).

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Xie, L. W., J. Zhong, F. X. Cao, J. J. Li, and L. C. Wu. "Evaluation of soil fertility in the succession of karst rocky desertification using principal component analysis." Solid Earth Discussions 6, no. 2 (December 18, 2014): 3333–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sed-6-3333-2014.

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Abstract. Expanding of karst rocky desertification (RD) area in southwestern China has led to destructed ecosystem and local economic development lagging behind. It is important to understand the soil fertility at RD regions for the sustainable management of karst lands. The effects of the succession of RD on soil fertility were studied by investigating the stands and analyzing the soil samples with different RD grades in the central Hunan province, China, using the principal component analysis method. The results showed that the succession of RD had different impacts on soil fertility indicators. The changing trend of total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorous (AP), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) out of 19 selected indicators in different RD regions was: potential RD (PRD) > light RD (LRD) > moderate RD (MRD) > intensive RD (IRD), whereas the changing trend of other indicators was not entirely consistent with the succession of RD. The degradation trend of soil fertility was basically parallel to the aggravation of RD, and the strength of integrated soil fertility was in the order of PRD > MRD > LRD > IRD. The TOC, total phosphorus (TP), cation exchange capacity (CEC), MBC, MBN, microbial mass phosphorous (MBP), and bulk density (BD) could be regarded as the key indicators to evaluate the soil fertility due to their close correlations to the integrated fertility.

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McKay, A., M. Farman, H. Rodd, and H. Zaitoun. "Pediatric Dental Patients’ Attitudes to Rubber Dam." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 38, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.38.2.k73701728rh8u182.

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Objectives: To explore young patients’ experiences of rubber dam (RD) and determine how personal and clinical factors may influence opinions. Study design: A self-completed questionnaire was developed to capture pediatric patients’ experiences of treatment under RD in a hospital setting. Patients’ acceptance of RD and perceptions of how well it was explained to them were recorded on a 10cm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), where zero represented the most negative score. The following clinical variables were also recorded: type of RD; procedure undertaken; use of local anaesthetic and procedure duration. Results: One hundred children (52 male, 48 female) with a mean age of 11.8 years (SD=2.29; range 7-17 years) participated. Overall, acceptance of RD was satisfactory (mean VAS=5.0). Patients were happy with the explanation of why RD was used (mean VAS=7.7). The type of RD, use of local anaesthetic, procedure undertaken and duration of the procedure did not significantly influence acceptance levels. However, RD was significantly less acceptable to patients who underwent radiographic examination whilst wearing the RD (P< 0.05, t-test). Nearly five times as many patients expressed concern at being seen wearing RD when taken to the radiography department (39.2%, n=20/51), compared to those who were reportedly self-conscious about RD when treated only on the paediatric dentistry clinic (8.2%, n=4/49). Conclusions: The use of RD appears acceptable physically and psychologically to most pediatric patients, however, visibility of the RD to others was a potential concern to some children.

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Perrot, Aurore, Thierry Facon, Torben Plesner, Saad Zafar Usmani, Shaji Kumar, Nizar J. Bahlis, Karthik Ramasamy, et al. "Faster and sustained improvement in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients ineligible for transplant treated with daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (D-Rd) versus Rd alone: MAIA." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): 8016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.8016.

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8016 Background: MAIA, an ongoing phase 3 trial of transplant-ineligible patients (pts) with NDMM, demonstrated significant improvement in progression-free survival with D-Rd vs Rd alone. Assessment of pt-reported outcomes alongside efficacy endpoints provides pt perspective on their quality of survival and overall value of HRQoL while on treatments (tx). Methods: The EORTC QLQ-C30 and EQ-5D-5L questionnaires were completed by pts using an electronic device at baseline and every 3 mo during tx; interim results are presented for first 12 mo. Tx effects were assessed using repeated measures, mixed effects models and thresholds for clinically meaningful benefit were based on established criterion from the literature. Results: Compliance rates were high and comparable at baseline ( > 90%) and through month 12 ( > 80%) for both groups (D-Rd [n = 368]; Rd [n = 369]). Improvement in Global Health Status (GHS) occurred in both groups; however, for D-Rd, significantly greater improvement was observed at cycle 3 (LS mean change; D-Rd: 4.5 [95% CI: 2.4, 6.6], Rd: 1.5 [95% CI: -0.7, 3.7]; [p = 0.0454]) and increasing improvement occurred across all time points. Significant improvement and clinically meaningful benefit in HRQoL for D-Rd was also observed in EQ-5D-5L Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores (LS mean change; D-Rd: 10.1 [95% CI: 8.1, 12.1], Rd: 4.9 [95% CI: 2.8, 7.0]; [p = 0.0002]). The VAS median time to worsening was 10 mo longer for D-Rd. Of note, meaningful differences were observed between the tx groups in two subscale scores, pain symptoms and cognitive functioning. Statistically significant less pain was reported early with D-Rd (LS mean change at cycle 3; D-Rd: -17.9 [95% CI: -20.7, -15.0], Rd: -11.0 [95% CI: -14.0, -8.1]; [p = 0.0007]); clinically meaningful reduction in pain symptoms was sustained with D-Rd. There was a decline in cognitive functioning at cycle 12 in both tx arms, with no statistically significant differences between groups. Conclusions: Faster and sustained improvement in HRQoL was observed in pts treated with D-Rd vs Rd with similar findings reflected across pain subscale. Clinical trial information: NCT02252172.

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Seavilleklein, Gage, Noha Amer, Alexandra Evagelidis, Frédéric Chappe, Thomas Irvine, John W. Hanrahan, and Valérie Chappe. "PKC phosphorylation modulates PKA-dependent binding of the R domain to other domains of CFTR." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 295, no. 5 (November 2008): C1366—C1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00034.2008.

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Activity of the CFTR channel is regulated by phosphorylation of its regulatory domain (RD). In a previous study, we developed a bicistronic construct called ΔR-Split CFTR, which encodes the front and back halves of CFTR as separate polypeptides without the RD. These fragments assemble to form a constitutively active CFTR channel. Coexpression of the third fragment corresponding to the missing RD restores regulation by PKA, and this is associated with dramatically enhanced binding of the phosphorylated RD. In the present study, we examined the effect of PKC phosphorylation on this PKA-induced interaction. We report here that PKC alone enhanced association of the RD with ΔR-Split CFTR and that binding was further enhanced when the RD was phosphorylated by both kinases. Mutation of all seven PKC consensus sequences on the RD (7CA-RD) did not affect its association under basal (unphosphorylated) conditions but abolished phosphorylation-induced binding by both kinases. Iodide efflux responses provided further support for the essential role of RD binding in channel regulation. The basal activity of ΔR-Split/7CA-RD channels was similar to that of ΔR-Split/wild type (WT)-RD channels, whereas cAMP-stimulated iodide efflux was greatly diminished by removal of the PKC sites, indicating that 7CA-RD binding maintains channels in an inactive state that is unresponsive to PKA. These results suggest a novel mechanism for CFTR regulation in which PKC modulates PKA-induced domain-domain interactions.

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Richardson, Paul G., Shaji K. Kumar, Tamás Masszi, Norbert Grzasko, Nizar J. Bahlis, Markus Hansson, Luděk Pour, et al. "Final Overall Survival Analysis of the TOURMALINE-MM1 Phase III Trial of Ixazomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 22 (August 1, 2021): 2430–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.21.00972.

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PURPOSE The double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III TOURMALINE-MM1 study demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival with ixazomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone (ixazomib-Rd) versus placebo-Rd in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. We report the final analyses for overall survival (OS). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to ixazomib-Rd (n = 360) or placebo-Rd (n = 362), stratified by number of prior therapies (1 v 2 or 3), previous proteasome inhibitor (PI) exposure (yes v no), and International Staging System disease stage (I or II v III). OS (intent-to-treat population) was a key secondary end point. RESULTS With a median follow-up of 85 months, median OS with ixazomib-Rd versus placebo-Rd was 53.6 versus 51.6 months (hazard ratio, 0.939; P = .495). Lower hazard ratios, indicating larger magnitude of OS benefit with ixazomib-Rd versus placebo-Rd, were seen in predefined subgroups: refractory to any (0.794) or last (0.742) treatment line; age > 65-75 years (0.757); International Staging System stage III (0.779); 2/3 prior therapies (0.845); high-risk cytogenetics (0.870); and high-risk cytogenetics and/or 1q21 amplification (0.862). Following ixazomib-Rd versus placebo-Rd, 71.7% versus 69.9% of patients received ≥ 1 anticancer therapy, of whom 24.7% versus 33.9% received daratumumab and 71.8% versus 76.9% received PIs (next-line therapy: 47.5% v 55.8%). Rates of new primary malignancies were similar with ixazomib-Rd (10.3%) and placebo-Rd (11.9%). There were no new or additional safety concerns. CONCLUSION Median OS values in both arms were the longest reported in phase III studies of Rd-based triplets in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma at the time of this analysis; progression-free survival benefit with ixazomib-Rd versus placebo-Rd did not translate into a statistically significant OS benefit on intent-to-treat analysis. OS benefit was greater in subgroups with adverse prognostic factors. OS interpretation was confounded by imbalances in subsequent therapies received, especially PIs and daratumumab.

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GOPWANI, R., D. LIU, V. LEE, and D. LAM. "Pars Plana Vitrectomy for RD." Ophthalmology 113, no. 9 (September 2006): 1688–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.05.026.

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Omey, E. A. M. "Subexponential distribution functions in Rd." Journal of Mathematical Sciences 138, no. 1 (October 2006): 5434–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10958-006-0310-8.

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Alok, Ashutosh Kumar, Dinesh Kumar, Suman Kumbhakar, and S. Uma Sankar. "Resolution of R/RD⁎ puzzle." Physics Letters B 784 (September 2018): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2018.07.001.

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SAUDNY-UNTERBERG, HELGA, and KATHERINE GRAY-DONALD. "RD Intervention Improved Nutritional Status." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 95, no. 4 (April 1995): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(95)00105-0.

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Journal articles on the topic 'RD'

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