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Journal articles on the topic "RCC spheres"
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Lichner, Zsuzsanna, Carol Saleh, Venkateshwaran Subramaniam, Gerard Prud'homme, and George M. Yousef. "Involvement of miRNAs in the formation and maintenance of self-renewing kidney cancer spheres with stem cell properties." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2013): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.6_suppl.463.
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463 Background: Cancer cells may acquire stem cell (CSC) properties by activated TGFβ-epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) axis resulting in formation of cancer stem cells. miRNAs are involved in CSC formation in solid tumors, but their role has not been investigated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods: RCC spheres were generated and propagated in serum-free defined medium (SFDM). mRNA expression was assessed by qRT-PCR. miRNA expression was screened on a qRT-PCR based panel. Tumorigenicity was assessed by subcutaneous injection of RCC sphere or parental cells into immunodeficient mice in different dilutions. TargetScan and miRPath was used for target prediction and clustering. Results: We isolated self-renewing cancer spheres from ACHN and CAKI-1 RCC cell lines in the stem cell supporting media, SFDM. Spheres were highly clonogenic and tumorigenic in xenograft tumor model and expressed high levels of stem cell-related markers and mesenchymal markers. These spheres were enriched in the mesenchymal marker CD44 and the kidney progenitor maker CD24 indicating that EMT contributed to their formation or maintenance. We compared miRNA expression between the spheres and the parental cells and identified differentially expressed miRNAs. Functional clustering of their predicted targets indicates that TGFβ signaling is a potential regulator of CSC self-renewal and is regulated by the candidate miRNAs. Further, we show that transfection of ACHN and CAKI-1 cells with the miR-17 inhibitor resulted in rapid and highly efficient formation of cancer spheres that were indistinguishable from the spheres formed in SFDM. These spheres were stable and could be propagated indefinitely. Histologic examination and immunohistochemistry of the sphere-derived xenografts confirmed the presence of clear cell RCC with large areas of sarcomatoid dedifferentiation. Finally, we prove that the TGFβ receptor II, and the co-Smad Smad4 are possible direct targets of miR-17. Conclusions: The TGFβ-EMT axis likely contributes to the self-renewing potential of RCC spheres. miRNAs are differentially expressed in RCC spheres and miR-17 inhibition transformed ccRCC cells to highly tumorigenic RCC spheres.
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Chang, Inyoub, Takbum Ohn, Daeun Moon, Young Hee Maeng, Bo Gun Jang, and Sang-Pil Yoon. "SNU-333 Cells as an Appropriate Cell Line for the Orthotopic Renal Cell Carcinoma Model." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 20 (January 2021): 153303382110384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15330338211038487.
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Objective: To investigate a feasible candidate for an appropriate cell line for the orthotopic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) model. Methods: Normal human proximal tubule cells (HK-2) and RCC cells were used for MTT assay, Western blotting, sphere-forming assay, and orthotopic injection of BALB/c-nude mice. Immunohistochemistry was adopted in tissue arrays and orthotopic tumors. Results: Primary RCC cells showed resistance to a GPX4 inhibitor compared to HK-2 and to metastatic RCC cells, Caki-1. Caki-2 and SNU-333 cells showed resistance to ferroptosis via increased GPX4 and FTH1, respectively. RCC cells showed increased αSMA, in which Caki-2 and SNU-333 cells exhibited different epithelial–mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell markers. Caki-1 and SNU-333 cells formed spheres in vitro and orthotopic tumor masses in vivo. The injected SNU-333 tumor only showed high intensities of CD10 and PAX8, markers of renal origin. Conclusion: SNU-333 cell line exhibited resistance via iron metabolism and stemness, and had tumor-initiating capacities in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that among the cells tested, SNU-333 cells were the most promising for the establishment of an orthotopic RCC model for further researches.
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Wei, Ruojing, Dalin He, and Xinshi Zhang. "Role of SIRT2 in Regulation of Stemness of Cancer Stem-Like Cells in Renal Cell Carcinoma." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 49, no. 6 (2018): 2348–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000493835.
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Background/Aims: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to tumorgenesis, invasion and metastasis, and are typically resistant to chemotherapy. Recent reports showed that SIRT2 was upregulated in several cancers. However, whether SIRT2 may be a CSC marker in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is not clear. Methods: The SIRT2 levels in both RCC samples and the corresponding normal kidney samples (NT) were assessed by RT-qPCR and ELISA. The association between SIRT2 levels and patient survival was examined using Bivariate correlation analysis by Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficients. The survival of the patients was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curve. In vitro, 2 RCC cell lines were co-transduced with a lentivirus expressing both a green fluorescent protein and a luciferase reporter under a cytomegalovirus promoter, and another lentivirus expressing a nuclear red fluorescent protein reporter under the control of a SIRT2 promoter for differentiating SIRT2+ vs SIRT2- RCC cells by flow cytometry. The SIRT2+ vs SIRT2- RCC cells were examined for the potential of forming tumor sphere in a tumor sphere formation assay, resistance to fluorouracil-induced apoptosis by CCK-8 assay, and the frequency of forming tumor in vivo after serial adoptive transplantation by bioluminescence. Results: The levels of SIRT2 were higher in RCC samples than NT. The prognosis of RCC patients with high SIRT2 was worse than that of with low SIRT2. Compared to SIRT2- cells, SIRT2+ cells formed more tumor spheres, appeared to be more resistant towards fluorouracil-induced apoptosis, and generated bigger tumors with higher frequency after serial adoptive transplantation. Conclusion: SIRT2 may be highly expressed in the RCC stem-like cells and regulates cancer metastasis. Selective knockout of SIRT2 or elimination of SIRT2+ cells may improve the therapeutic outcome for patients with RCC.
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Balabeikina, O., A. Dmitriev, and E. Solodyankina. "Religious Institution as Part of Social and Economic Sphere." World Economy and International Relations 66, no. 9 (2022): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2022-66-9-119-129.
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The subject of the article is the peculiarities of functioning of the structural components of the major religious institution, the identification and substantiation of the degree of its significance in the social and economic development of a country on the example of the Roman Catholic Church of Austria (RCCA). The aim of the work is a comprehensive characterization of manifestations of economic, social, culture-forming role of the leading religious organization at the national level, using the methods of processing statistical and empirical data adopted in economic and regional-confessional studies. It is shown that in Austria, since the beginning of the 21st century, there has been a sharp decline in the number of persons who remain members of the national Christian Church. The RCCA has an annual quantitative loss in the number of parishioners: 1–1.5% of their total number. Over a 10-year period (2009–2019), the proportion of Catholic adherents in Austria has fallen from 62.2 to 56%, according to calculations based on official reports. In this study, the territorial concentration coefficient for the parishes of the RCC was calculated and gave a relatively low value, indicating the accessibility of Catholic parishes to the population in various regions of Austria in terms of social and other activities organized on their premises. This indicator remains stable over time. The RCCA is currently represented in the country by a dense network of parishes (3014 as of 2019). The basis of the church-administrative territorial division at the regional level consists of two archdioceses and seven dioceses, the boundaries of which fully coincide with the federal states of Austria. This fact allows us to raise the question of the degree of influence of RCCA structures on the development of individual regions of the country, including through the implementation of socially significant activities, partially duplicating state functions that receive budgetary funding. The RCCA also has a traditional focus on social responsibility for Christian national churches in Europe, which is related to facilitating the adaptation of migrants. Activities contributing to this goal include German as a foreign language courses in individual parishes, temporary housing, employment assistance, etc. The model of development of the confessional space in Austria, where the leading role is played by the national RCC, has a number of distinctive characteristics that condition and confirm the high importance of the religious institution in the social and economic development of the state. The presented experience of Austria can be useful for the leadership of religious organizations in Russia, European and other countries, where the leading civilizational basis is the Christian religion.
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Sung, L. A., E. A. Kabat, and S. Chien. "Interaction energies in lectin-induced erythrocyte aggregation." Journal of Cell Biology 101, no. 2 (August 1, 1985): 652–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.101.2.652.
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Two N-acetylgalactosamine-reactive lectins, Helix pomatia (HPA) and Dolichos biflorus (DBA), were used to study the energies involved in cell-cell interactions through the specific binding of these lectins to their membrane receptors on genotype AO human erythrocytes (red blood cells) (RBCs). The energy required to dissociate a unit of aggregated membrane area (gamma d) of two RBCs bridged by lectin molecules was determined from the shear force needed to dissociate two-cell aggregates in a flow channel. When HPA were used as bridging molecules, gamma d (0.4 X 10(-4) to 3.8 X 10(-4) dyn/cm) was proportional to the density (D = 175 to 1,060 molecules/micron 2) of HPA molecules bound on the RBC membrane. A similar gamma d/D ratio was also obtained for DBA. These results indicate that the number of lectin molecules bound on the interface plays an important role in determining the energy required for cell-cell dissociation. The aggregation energy per unit membrane area (gamma a) in lectin-induced aggregates was calculated from the degree of encapsulation of a lectin-bound, heat-sphered human RBC by a normal discoid RBC. A minimum of approximately 1,800 HPA molecules/micron 2 on the spheres was required to form stable aggregates with the RBC. By using spheres having a surface HPA density of 1,830 to 2,540 molecules/micron 2, or 1.1-1.5 X 10(12) combining sites/cm2, the gamma a value for HPA-induced aggregation was found to be 2.2 X 10(-3) dyn/cm. This higher value of gamma a than gamma d has been explained on the basis of several differences in aggregation and disaggregation processes. The gamma a value for DBA-induced aggregation was not obtainable by the sphere encapsulation method because of the relative low D values. A comparison of the present results with the published value of the free energy change of 5 kcal/mol for the interactions of HPA and DBA with their ligands suggests that only a small fraction of the lectin molecules bound to RBC surface participate in the bridging of adjacent cells.
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Gruber, T. C., S. D. Crossley, and A. P. Smith. "COMPUTATIONAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF SPHERICAL FILLER MORPHOLOGY AND LOADING ON DIFFUSION TORTUOSITY AND RUBBER PERMEABILITY." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 86, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.13.88932.
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ABSTRACT Inflation pressure loss in tires degrades performance, raises rolling resistance, and reduces fuel economy. The incorporation of solid fillers, such as carbon black, at relatively high loadings in tire innerliners helps minimize these pressure losses by reducing innerliner permeability due to increases in average gas molecule diffusion path lengths (tortuosity), as well as reductions in diffusion pathway density (capacity). The effects of filler morphology and loading on diffusion path tortuosity can be explored by modeling biased random-walk diffusion through impermeable sphere-filled matrices. Modeled diffusion rate was found to decrease with increased filler loading, reduced filler sphere sizes, increased random-walk step sizes, and the aggregation of filler spheres. Initial correlations with limited empirical permeability measurements are used to validate the model approach.
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Shattuck, M. D., R. P. Behringer, G. A. Johnson, and J. G. Georgiadis. "Convection and flow in porous media. Part 1. Visualization by magnetic resonance imaging." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 332 (February 1997): 215–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112096003990.
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We describe an experimental study of porous media convection (PMC) from onset to 8Rac. The goal of this work is to provide non-invasive imaging and high-precision heat transport measurements to test theories of convection in PMC. We obtain velocity information and visualize the convection patterns using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We study both ordered and disordered packings of mono-disperse spheres of diameter d = 3.204 ± 0.029 mm, in circular, rectangular, and hexagonal planforms. In general, the structure of the medium plays a role which is not predicted by theories which assume a homogeneous system. Disordered media are prepared by pouring mono-disperse spheres into the container. Large ordered regions of close packing for the spheres, with grain boundaries and isolated defects, characterize these media. The defects and grain boundaries play an important role in pattern formation in disordered media. Any deviation from close packing produces a region of larger porosity, hence locally larger permeability. The result is spatial variations in the Rayleigh number, Ra. We define the critical Ra, Rac, as the Rayleigh number at the onset of convection in the ordered regions. We find that stable localized convective regions exist around grain boundaries and defects at Ra < Rac. These remain as pinning sites for the convection patterns in the ordered regions as Ra increases above Rac up to 5Rac, the highest Ra studied in the disordered media. In ordered media, spheres are packed such that the only deviations from close packing occur within a thin (<d) region near the vertical walls. Stable localized convection begins at 0.5Rac in the wall regions but appears to play only a weak role in the pattern formation of the interior regions (bulk), since different stable patterns are observed in the bulk at the same Ra after each cycling of Ra below Rac, even for similar patterns of small rolls in the wall regions. The experiments provide a test of the following predictions for PMC: (i) that straight parallel rolls should be linearly stable for Rac < Ra < 5Rac; (ii) that at onset, the rolls should have a dimensionless wavevector qc = π; (iii) that at the upper end of this range rolls should lose stability to cross-rolls; (iv) that the initial slope of the Nusselt curve should be 2; (v) that there should be a rapid decay of vertical vorticity - hence no complex flows, such as those which occur for Rayleigh- Benard convection (RBC) within the nominal regime of stable parallel rolls. These predictions are in partial agreement with our findings for the bulk convection in the ordered media. We observe roll-like structures which relax rapidly to stable patterns between Rac and 5Rac. However we find a wavenumber which is 0.7π compared to π derived from linear stability theory. We find an asymmetry between the size of the upfiowing regions and downfiowing regions as Ra grows above Rac. The ratio of the volume of the upfiowing to the volume of the downfiowing regions decreases as Ra increases and leads to a novel time-dependent state, which does not consist of cross-rolls. This time-dependent state begins at 6Rac and is observed up to 8Rac, the largest Ra which we studied. It seems likely that the occurrence of this state is linked to departures from the Boussinesq approximation at higher Ra. We also find that the slope of the Nusselt curve is 0.7, which does not agree with the predicted value of 2.
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Ye, Huilin, Zhiqiang Shen, Mei Wei, and Ying Li. "Red blood cell hitchhiking enhances the accumulation of nano- and micro-particles in the constriction of a stenosed microvessel." Soft Matter 17, no. 1 (2021): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sm01637c.
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Wang, Litao, Siqi Han, Haiyang Yu, Qinghua Yu, Dong Pei, Wenjing Lv, Jiasheng Wang, et al. "Porous Organic Cage-Embedded C10-Modified Silica as HPLC Stationary Phase and Its Multiple Separation Functions." Molecules 27, no. 24 (December 14, 2022): 8895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27248895.
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Reduced imine cage (RCC3) was covalently bonded to the surface of silica spheres, and then the secondary amine group of the molecular cage was embedded in non-polar C10 for modification to prepare a novel RCC3-C10@silica HPLC stationary phase with multiple separation functions. Through infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and nitrogen adsorption–desorption characterization, it was confirmed that RCC3-C10 was successfully bonded to the surface of silica spheres. The resolution of RCC3-C10@silica in reversed-phase separation mode is as high as 2.95, 3.73, 3.27 and 4.09 for p-phenethyl alcohol, 1-phenyl-2-propanol, p-methylphenethyl alcohol and 1-phenyl-1-propanol, indicating that the stationary phase has excellent chiral resolution performance. In reversed-phase and hydrophilic separation modes, RCC3-C10@silica realized the separation and analysis of a total of 70 compounds in 8 classes of Tanaka mixtures, alkylbenzene rings, polyphenyl rings, phenols, anilines, sulfonamides, nucleosides and flavonoids, and the analysis of a variety of chiral and achiral complex mixtures have been completed at the same time. Compared with the traditional C18 commercial column, RCC3-C10@silica exhibits better chromatographic separation selectivity, aromatic selectivity and polar selectivity. The multifunctional separation mechanism exhibited by the stationary phase originates from various synergistic effects such as hydrophobic interaction, π-π interaction, hydrogen bonding and steric interaction provided by RCC3 and C10 groups. This work provides flexible selectivity and application prospects for novel multi-separation functional chromatographic columns.
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Mishra, S. K., S. N. Tripathi, S. G. Aggarwal, and A. Arola. "Effects of particle shape, hematite content and semi-external mixing with carbonaceous components on the optical properties of accumulation mode mineral dust." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 12 (December 23, 2010): 31253–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-31253-2010.
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Abstract. The radiative forcing estimation of the polluted mineral dust is limited due to lack of morphological analysis, mixing state with the carbonaceous components and the hematite content in the pure dust. The accumulation mode mineral dust has been found to mix with anthropogenically produced black carbon, organic carbon and brown carbon during long range transport. The above features of the polluted dust are not well accounted in the optical models and lead the uncertainty in the numerical estimation of their radiative impact. The Semi-external mixing being a prominent mixing of dust and carbonaceous components has not been studied in details so for compared to core-shell, internal and external mixing studies. In present study, we consider the pure mineral dust composed of non-metallic components (such as Quartz, Feldspar, Mica and Calcite) and metalic component like hematite (Fe2O3). The hematite percentage in the pure mineral dust governs its absorbance. Based on this hematite variation, the hematite fraction in pure mineral dust has been constrained between 0–8%. The morphological and mineralogical characterization of the polluted dust led to consider the three sphere, two sphere and two spheroid model shapes for polluted dust particle system. The pollution gives rise to various light absorbing aerosol components like black carbon, brown carbon and organic carbon (comprising of HUmic-Like Substances, HULIS) in the atmosphere. The entire above discussed model shapes have been considered for the mineral dust getting polluted with (1) organic carbon (especially HULIS component) (2) Brown carbon and (3) black carbon by making a semi-external mixture with pure mineral dust. The optical properties (like Single Scattering Albedo, SSA; Asymmetry parameter, g and Extinction efficiency, Qext) of above model shapes for the polluted dust have been computed using Discrete Dipole Approximation, DDA code. For above model shapes, the SSA was found to vary depending on hematite content (0–8%) and model shape composition. For the two sphere BC-mineral dust cluster, hematite was found to be dominating absorber compared to that of black carbon as the RBC/Rdust decreases. (i.e. with increase of dust sphere size compared to black carbon sphere in the composite 2-sphere cluster). SSA was found to be very sensitivity for the hematite content when both of the spheres (i.e. mineral dust and BC) are nearly of same size. The two spheroid system composed of organic carbon and dust with 0% hematite (OCD'-0) showed the maximum deviation of SSA (i.e.~5%) compared to the two sphere system of same composition and hematite content (OCD-0 ). Increase in hematite from 0 to 8% caused maximum SSA deviation of ~20% for two sphere organic carbon-dust system (OCD) while the same has been observed to be ~18% for two spheroid organic carbon-dust system (OCD'). SSA was found to be more sensitive to hematite content than that of particle shape. Compared to SSA, Asymmetry parameter, g was found to be more sensitive towards particle shape. For three-sphere model shapes with 0% hematite composed of black carbon-dust-dust (BCDD-0), brown carbon-dust-dust (BrCDD-0 ) and organic carbon-dust-dust (OCDD-0), the deviation of SSA and g relative to conjugate black carbon (BC), brown carbon (BrC) and organic carbon (OC) spheres are ~68% and ~31%, ~83% and ~31% and ~70% and ~33%, respectively. Thus modeled polluted dust optics will provide a better basis for radiative forcing estimation and many sensitivity studies.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "RCC spheres"
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ZIPETO, MARIA ANNA. "Molecular and functional characterization of cells with stem properties isolated by sphere forming assay from human renal cell carcinoma tissues and cell lines." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/51171.
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Cancer stem cells (CSC) are a rare subset of malignant cells that constitute a reservoir of tumor‐initiating cells with the ability to both self‐renew and differentiate into bulk tumors. As well as for other tumors, also in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) the identification of CSCs might represent a step toward the development of therapies able to totally eradicate the disease. In the present study, cells with stem properties were identified from cultures of clonal tumor spheres obtained from RCC tissues after standardization of sphere‐forming assay on RCC 786‐0 cell line. Spheres obtained from the cell line and from RCC tissues were similar in term of phenotypic features, growth kinetics and sphere forming efficiency (SFE). These spheres exhibited the expression of pluripotency genes as well as the activation of self‐renewal pathways, when compared to the cultures representative of the bulk tumor population. Moreover they overexpressed the adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR1 and ADAR2) that might be involved in the regulation of self‐renewal as demonstrated by the increase of SFE after overexpression in 786‐0 cell line. When injected in immunocompromised mice, cells from spheres had a higher ability to give rise to tumor. Moreover tumor spheres from RCC tissues, as well as from 786‐0, showed a heterogeneous composition, with different cell subpopulations, displaying diverse self‐renewal ability. These subpopulations were identified on the basis of the different intensity of fluorescence of the PKH26 dye, able to discriminate quiescent cells within a proliferating population. The ability to self‐renew of the different PKH populations depended on the grading of the tumor. Although not distinguishing CSCs from the bulk tumor, surface marker expression in combination with PKH assay further confirmed the heterogeneity of cells within the spheres and allowed to identify an enrichment of CD105+ and CD133+CD105+ cells in the self‐renewing PKHhigh population. In this study, by characterizing for the first time molecular pathways, such as Notch, JAK/STAT and RNA editing, that distinguish spheres, enriched in putative CSCs, from the bulk tumor, represented by primary cell cultures, we provided possible targets for new therapies that need to be further characterized in order to discern their role. Moreover, the combination of PKH assay and surface markers might be helpful for a better definition of the CSC population within RCC.
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Wallin, Marina. "Multiple electromagnetic scattering by spheres using the T-matrix formulation." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-105606.
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Low observable technology is used in order to prevent detection, or to delay detection. Radar cross section is an important parameter in aircraft survivability since it measures how detectable an object is with radar. To find the radar cross section Maxwell's equations are solved numerically in the time-domain using a finite difference scheme. This numerical method called Finite Difference Time Domain is very suitable for structures including complex materials. However, this numerical method needs to be verified for large scale simulations, due to numerical dispersion errors. Therefore it is desirable to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulations. In this project, the analytical solution to the multiple scattering by two spheres is implemented using the T-matrix formulation. The analytical solution to the scattering problem is first validated with the analytical Mie-series solution then compared to the Finite Difference Time Domain implementation. The results imply that the difference between the numerical and analytical solution is larger for higher frequencies and larger computational volumes.Smygteknik används för att förhindra detektering, eller för att fördröja detektion av ett flygplan. Radarmålarea är en viktig parameter för skyddsprestanda hos flygplan eftersom den mäter hur detekterbar ett föremål är med radar. För att hitta radarmålarean löses Maxwells ekvationer numeriskt i tidsdomänen med hjälp av ett finit differensschema. Den numeriska metoden som kallas Finita differensmetoden i tidsdomän, är mycket lämplig för strukturer med komplexa material. Den numeriska metoden behöver valideras för storskaliga simuleringar eftersom det förekommer felaktigheter på grund av den numeriska dispersionen. Därför är det önskvärt att kontrollera riktigheten av de numeriska simuleringarna. I detta projekt, är den analytiska lösningen till multipelspridning av två sfärer implementerad med hjälp av T-matrismetoden. Den analytiska lösningen på spridningsproblemet valideras först mot den analytiska Mie-serielösningen och sedan jämförs den med resultatet av simuleringarna med Finita differensmetoden i tidsdomän. Resultaten antyder att skillnaden mellan den numeriska och analytiska lösningen är större för högre frekvenser och större beräkningsvolymer.
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Mellor, David W. "Random close packing (RCP) of equal spheres : structure and implications for use as a model porous medium." Thesis, Open University, 1989. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57280/.
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The structure of the Finney Random Close Packing (RCP) of equal spheres has been analysed, together with the influence which such structure exerts over the capillary pressure characteristics of geometrically similar sphere packings. The analysis is centred on the simplicial, or Delaunay cell, which is an irregular tetrahedron with apices defined by four immediate neighbour sphere-centres. In terms of using RCP as a model porous medium, an individual simplicial cell is equivalent to an individual pore. A number of measured pore-size distribution parameters are presented for the Finney packing, from which it is shown from first principles that drainage-imbibition hysteresis is not an intrinsic property of the individual pore. The nature and degree of randomness which characterises the Finney packing is evaluated on two levels. First, by classifying edgelengths as either short or long, seven mutually exclusive cell classes are defined. Using the binomial theorem it is shown that cells (pores) are not random on the level of the individual cell. There are less of the extreme cells (with 6 long edges, or with 6 short edges) and more of the bland cells (with 3 short and 3 long edges) in the Finney packing than predicted on the basis of simple random expectations. Second, the distribution of cell classes within the packing is shown to be essentially homogeneously random. Evidence for extremely slight cell class clustering is found. The drainage and imbibition processes within the packing are simulated using pore-level algorithms. The algorithms utilise both the Haines' insphere approximation and the MS-P approximation for critical drainage meniscus curvature, and the cell cavity insphere radius approximation for critical imbibition meniscus curvature. Good agreement with experimental data is obtained, and the results confirm that drainage-imbibition hysteresis is a direct consequence of the connectivity between cells (pores), and is not an intrinsic property of the individual pore. Finally, the drainage and imbibition algorithms are adapted to emulate percolation theory models. The results prove that the classical bond problem of percolation theory does not adequately describe the drainage process for RCP, and that the classical site problem does not adequately describe the imbibition process for RCP.
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Durden, William. "From public/private spheres to tout autre est tout autre: christianity and politics in Carl Schmitt's The concept of the political and Jacques Derrida's The gift of death /." Online version, 2008. http://content.wwu.edu/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/theses&CISOPTR=289&CISOBOX=1&REC=4.
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Sharma, Reena. "Scattering From Chiral And Chirally Coated Bodies." Thesis, 1996. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/1572.
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Peralta, Elvira Joana Ferreira. "Study of the interaction between bitumen and rubber." Master's thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/10557.
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Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia Civil (área de especialização em Engenharia Rodoviária)Approximately 9 to 10 kg of rubber from tyres per inhabitant and year are currently discarded in the industrialized societies. It is a waste material with a highly valuable constituent: vulcanized natural and synthetic rubber. Thus, the introduction of crumb rubber in the production of asphalt rubber (AR) mixes for road pavements should be considered as a sustainable technology which transforms an unwanted residue into a new bituminous mixture highly resistant to fatigue and fracture. However, the increasing demands in relation to the quality and durability of pavements lead to the need of a profound knowledge in the physicochemical changes of the materials which constitute the AR binders. Thus, the main objective of this research project is to characterize the influence of bitumen and rubber properties and their interaction in the AR binder performance, namely by (i) evaluating the influence of the rubber morphology and physical properties of base bitumen in the physical and rheological properties of AR binder, (ii) assessing the changes that occur, at a molecular scale, in the base bitumen and in the rubber during their mutual interaction, and (iii) analyzing the aging effects during the pavement construction. In this work several base bitumens interacted with crumb rubber in order to produce AR binders, which were subsequently separated by using a modified “Basket drainage method” to recover the residual bitumen and rubber. The aging effect was studied by using the RTFOT method. Additionally, a new method, the “Sphere AR production simulator”, was developed to reproduce the AR production without the contribution of rubber. CEN standard tests and the dynamic shear rheometer were used to evaluate the changes in the properties of the binders during the production of AR. The rubber changes were studied through microscopic observation, swelling and depolymerization tests. The laboratory tests demonstrated that the aging of bitumen make it harder due to oxidation and restructuration. Likewise the AR production also contributes to its hardening because of the diffusion of light fractions of bitumen (mainly non volatile molecules) in the rubber particles. The rubber particles swelled 250 to 300% their weight, but the equivalent diameter only increased 2.5%. It was found that the 150/200 bitumen is an excellent alternative to produce AR binders. Minor changes in the loss of weight and in the rheological and physical properties of the AR binder can be observed after aging if compared with the aging effect in the other studied materials (base and residual bitumen). The physical and rheological properties of all tested materials can be related through known mathematical equations.
Nas sociedades industrializadas actuais são rejeitados aproximadamente 9 a 10 kg de pneus, por habitante por ano, sendo que os materiais desaproveitados do pneu têm um elevado valor intrínseco, nomeadamente o seu constituinte principal: borracha natural e sintética vulcanizada. Assim, a introdução de granulado de borracha na produção de misturas betuminosas com betume de borracha (BB) para pavimentos rodoviários deve ser considerada uma tecnologia sustentável, que transforma um resíduo indesejado numa nova mistura betuminosa com elevada resistência à fadiga e à fractura. No entanto, a crescente exigência de qualidade e durabilidade dos pavimentos obriga a um conhecimento profundo das alterações físico-químicas que ocorrem nos materiais constituintes do BB. Assim, o principal objectivo deste trabalho é determinar a influência das propriedades do betume e da borracha, e da sua interacção, no desempenho do BB, nomeadamente através da avaliação (i) da influência da morfologia da borracha e das propriedades físicas e reológicas do betume nas características do BB, (ii) das alterações no betume e na borracha, à escala molecular, durante a sua interacção mútua, e (iii) dos efeitos do envelhecimento durante a construção do pavimento. Neste trabalho, um conjunto de betumes interagiu com granulado de borracha para produzir BB, sendo subsequentemente utilizando um “método do cesto drenante” modificado para separar e recuperar o betume e a borracha residuais. O envelhecimento dos ligantes durante a construção do pavimento foi estudado através do método RTFOT. Foi desenvolvido um “simulador de produção do BB com esferas” para reproduzir o envelhecimento na produção do BB sem a contribuição da borracha. As alterações nas propriedades dos ligantes durante a produção de BB foram avaliadas através de normas CEN e do reómetro dinâmico de corte. As alterações na borracha foram estudadas através de observação microscópica e de ensaios para avaliação da densidade e do grau de inchamento e despolimerização. Os ensaios laboratoriais demonstraram que o envelhecimento e a produção de BB causam o endurecimento do betume, respectivamente devido à oxidação, crescimento e reestruturação molecular e devido à difusão das fracções leves do betume (principalmente moléculas não voláteis) através da borracha. As partículas de borracha incham cerca de 250 a 300% (em peso), mas o seu diâmetro equivalente aumenta apenas 2.5%. Concluiu-se que o betume 150/200 é uma boa alternativa para produção de BB. As alterações na perda de peso e nas propriedades físicas e reológicas do BB após envelhecimento são inferiores às observadas nos outros ligantes estudados. As propriedades físicas e reológicas dos materiais estudados relacionam-se através de equações matemáticas conhecidas.
Books on the topic "RCC spheres"
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Watt, Gary. Equity & Trusts Law Directions. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198804703.001.0001.
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Without assuming prior legal knowledge, books in the Directions series introduce and guide readers through key points of law and legal debate. Questions, diagrams, and exercises help readers to engage fully with each subject and check their understanding as they progress. This book explains the key topics covered on equity and trusts courses. The content of the text is designed to emphasise the relationship between equity, trusts, property, contract, and restitution to enable students to map out conceptual connections between related legal ideas. There is also a focus on modern cases in the commercial sphere to reflect the constantly changing and socially significant role of trusts and equity. The book starts by introducing equity and trusts. It then includes a chapter on understanding trusts, and moves on to consider capacity and formality requirements, certainty requirements, and the constitution of trusts. Various types of trusts are then examined such as purpose, charitable, and variation trusts. The book then describes issues related to trusteeship. Breach of trust is explained, as is informal trusts of land. There is a chapter on tracing, and then the book concludes by looking at equitable liability of strangers to trust and equitable doctrines and remedies. This new edition includes coverage of significant recent cases, including Patel v Mirza [2016], Supreme Court on the right to recover wealth transferred between parties to an illegal scheme; Burnden Holdings (UK) Ltd v Fielding [2018] UKSC 14; [2018] 2 WLR 885, Supreme Court on limitation of actions; Barnett v Creggy [2016], Court of Appeal on breach of trust and limitation of actions; Singha v Heer [2016], Court of Appeal on facts giving rise to declaration of trust; Clydesdale Bank plc v John Workman [2016], Court of Appeal on dishonest assistance in a breach of trust; Bathurst v Bathurst [2016], on variation of trusts; Newman v Clarke [2016], on fiduciary conflict of interest; RBC Trustees (CI) Ltd v Stubbs [2017], on rectification of a trust deed on the ground of mistake; Erlam v Rahman [2016] EWHC 111 and JSC Mezhdunarodniy Promyshlenniy Bank v Pugachev [2017] EWHC 2426, on ‘sham” trusts’. It also provides coverage of the 2017 Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing and Transfer of Funds Regulations (SI 2017/692 as well as the EU Fourth Money Laundering Directive ((EU) 2015/849), as amended by the The EU Fifth Money Laundering Directive ((EU) 2018/843)
Book chapters on the topic "RCC spheres"
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Nambari, Swathi, G. Sasibhushana Rao, and K. S. Ranga Rao. "Estimation of RCS for a Perfectly Conducting and Plasma Spheres." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 437–47. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2728-1_40.
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Narasimhamurthy, Rashmi, and Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf. "Deep Learning Network for Classifying Target of Same Shape using RCS Time Series." In Air Traffic Management and Control. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99619.
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The main intension of this work is to find the warhead and decoy classification and identification. Classification of radar target is one of the utmost imperatives and hardest practical problems in finding out the missile. Detection of target in the pool of decoys and debris is one of the major radas technologies widely used in practice. In this study we mainly focus on the radar target recognition in different shapes like cone, cylinder and sphere based on radar cross section (RCS). RCS is a critical element of the radar signature that is used in this work to identify the target. The concept is to focus on new technique of ML for analyzing the input data and to attain a better accuracy. Machine learning has had a significant impact on the entire industry as a result of its high computational competency for target prediction with precise data analysis. We investigated various machine learning classifiers methods to categorize available radar target data. This chapter summarizes conventional and deep learning technique used for classification of radar target.
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Ganje, Alina. "Kazakhstan." In Christianity in South and Central Asia, 43–51. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474439824.003.0003.
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Sunni Islam and Russian Orthodoxy had historically cultivated a tolerant co-existence in Kazakhstan. Protestantism first arrived in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, with Lutherans, Baptists, Adventists, and Mennonites. Catholic presence, stemming from Franciscan monks in the thirteenth century, flourished with large numbers of Polish exiles, and Catholic German and Latvian immigrants. The Russian Revolution brought religious persecution and during decades of communist rule the country suffered a loss of identity. In 1991, Kazakhstan was declared an independent secular state; however, the loss of a state ideology led to renewed interest in religion and/or new moral and social communities. Since 1991, the Orthodox denomination has undergone a revival. While legislation targeted extremism, the law in practice had a negative impact on both Islamic and Christian communities, restricting religious freedom. This has led to a decline in religious organisations, dropping between 2011 and 2014 by around one-quarter. Still, Protestant churches outnumber Russian Orthodox churches by more than two to one. However, the ROC holds meetings with the government to discuss its spheres of activity in Kazakhstan. Given the state’s limitations on religious expression, literature and teaching in school, the future of religious freedom in Kazakhstan remains uncertain.
Conference papers on the topic "RCC spheres"
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Tao, Hongxin, and Feiyun Zhao. "Stress Analysis and Evaluation of Mussel Trap for Nuclear Power Plant." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-30255.
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The mussel trap is an important component used in nuclear power plant (NPP). The component belongs to RCC-P nuclear safety class 3, code and class RCC-M3, seismic category 1F and Q.A category Q2. The mussel trap is made up of screen, half-sphere, main flanges, nozzles, rotors, bolts, motor, supports and so on. The loads requirements in design conditions contain both internal loads and external loads. The loads have dead weight, pressure, nozzles loads and seismic loads. In this paper, the finite element model of the mussel trap is built with shell element using the structural analysis software-ANSYS. The stress analysis is based on linear elastic static analysis. The subspace iteration method is used for the modal analysis of the mussel trap. The static analysis is used for the mussel trap under deadweight, pressure and nozzle loads. At last, an evaluation of all loads combinations stresses against the respective stress limit for plate- and shell-type components and linear type systems is done according to the requirements of relative criteria specified in RCC-M. The evaluation result demonstrates that all loads combinations stresses of the mussel trap structure meet the requirements of RCC-M.
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Orlova, E. A., M. N. Lukashchuk, and N. D. Moiseeva. "SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MEDIA ON THE EXAMPLE OF RBC." In Культура, наука, образование: проблемы и перспективы. Нижневартовский государственный университет, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36906/ksp-2021/20.
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The role of the media in all spheres of modern society is not at all inexorable, since the universality and flexibility of this tool are obvious to everyone, including the most important subjects in the economy, politics, spiritual and social spheres. Among other things, the press is the main source of information for the majority, and as a result, the main tool for forming public opinion. That is why evaluating the effectiveness of the media is so important. One of the most versatile tools of strategic analysis is the SWOT analysis, which will be given special attention in this article.
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Zhou, Qinghua, Xiaoqing Jin, Zhanjiang Wang, Jiaxu Wang, Leon M. Keer, and Qian Wang. "Numerical Modeling of Distributed Inhomogeneities and Their Effect on Rolling Contact Fatigue Life." In ASME/STLE 2012 International Joint Tribology Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2012-61156.
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This research explores the influence of distributed non-overlapping inhomogeneities on the contact properties of a material. Considered here is the half-space Hertzian contact of a sphere with an inhomogeneous material. The numerical analysis is conducted utilizing a simplified model based on Eshelby’s Equivalent Inclusion Method (EIM) and the principle of superposition. The solutions take into account interactions between all inhomogeneities. Benchmark comparisons with the results obtained with the finite element method (FEM) demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed solution methods. The emphasis is given to a parametric study of the effect of inhomogeneities in a Gaussian distribution on material properties. Both compliant and stiff inhomogeneities are modeled. Material inhomogeneities strongly affect rolling contact fatigue (RCF) of a material, and a modified RCF life model is suggested. Homogenization and extensive numerical simulations result in semi-empirical fatigue-life reduction parameters to characterize the influence of material inhomogeneities.
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Kohl, M. J., M. Kristofferson, and F. A. Kulacki. "Transient Stability and Convection in Impulsively Heated Porous Layers." In ASME 2005 Summer Heat Transfer Conference collocated with the ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2005-72023.
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Experiments are reported on initial instability and convection in a porous medium impulsively heated from below. The porous medium comprises either water or a water-glycerin solution and randomly stacked glass spheres in an insulated cylinder of height-to-diameter ratio of 1.9. Heating is accomplished with a constant flux lower surface and a constant temperature upper surface. Results include measurement of the initial transition to convection, overall heat transfer coefficient over a range of Rayleigh-Darcy numbers, and temperature profiles. Time-averaged temperature profiles suggest the existence of a unicellular flow over the range of Rayleigh numbers of the present experiments. The critical Rayleigh number for the onset of convection is obtained in terms of a length scale normalized to the thermal penetration depth as Rac = 83/(1.08η−0.08η2) for 0.02 < η < 0.18. Steady convection in terms of the Nusselt and Rayleigh numbers is represented by a new correlation form, Nu=0.047Ra0.91Pr0.11μμ00.72, where Ra is the Rayleigh-Darcy number, 400 < Ra < 5000, and the viscosity ratio is found sufficient to account for strongly temperature-dependent viscosity.
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Serzhantova, D. V., Y. A. Sotnikova, and L. V. Rybakova. "MODERN CONDITION OF THE LABOR MARKET IN THE SPHERE OF ECONOMY AND ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT AND PROBLEM OF PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATION OF GRADUATES OF SCHOOLS OF AMUR REGION." In RUSSIA AND CHINA: A VECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT. Amur State University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/rc.2019.1.48.
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