Academic literature on the topic 'RCC cell line'
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Journal articles on the topic "RCC cell line"
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Gelbrich, Nadine, Hannes Ahrend, Anne Kaul, Lars-Ove Brandenburg, Uwe Zimmermann, Alexander Mustea, Martin Burchardt, Denis Gümbel, and Matthias B. Stope. "Different Cytokine and Chemokine Expression Patterns in Malignant Compared to Those in Nonmalignant Renal Cells." Analytical Cellular Pathology 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7190546.
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Objective. Cytokines and chemokines are widely involved in cancer cell progression and thus represent promising candidate factors for new biomarkers. Methods. Four renal cell cancer (RCC) cell lines (Caki-1, 786-O, RCC4, and A498) and a nonmalignant renal cell line (RC-124) were examined with respect to their proliferation. The cytokine and chemokine expression pattern was examined by a DNA array (Human Cytokines & Chemokines RT2 Profiler PCR Array; Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), and expression profiles were compared. Results. Caki-1 and 786-O cells exhibited significantly increased proliferation rates, whereas RCC4 and A498 cells demonstrated attenuated proliferation, compared to nonmalignant RC-124 cells. Expression analysis revealed 52 cytokines and chemokines primarily involved in proliferation and inflammation and differentially expressed not only in malignant and nonmalignant renal cells but also in the four RCC cell lines. Conclusion. This is the first study examining the expression of 84 cytokines and chemokines in four RCC cell lines compared to that in a nonmalignant renal cell line. VEGFA, NODAL, and BMP6 correlated with RCC cell line proliferation and, thus, may represent putative clinical biomarkers for RCC progression as well as for RCC diagnosis and prognosis.
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Chang, Inyoub, Takbum Ohn, Daeun Moon, Young Hee Maeng, Bo Gun Jang, and Sang-Pil Yoon. "SNU-333 Cells as an Appropriate Cell Line for the Orthotopic Renal Cell Carcinoma Model." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 20 (January 2021): 153303382110384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15330338211038487.
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Objective: To investigate a feasible candidate for an appropriate cell line for the orthotopic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) model. Methods: Normal human proximal tubule cells (HK-2) and RCC cells were used for MTT assay, Western blotting, sphere-forming assay, and orthotopic injection of BALB/c-nude mice. Immunohistochemistry was adopted in tissue arrays and orthotopic tumors. Results: Primary RCC cells showed resistance to a GPX4 inhibitor compared to HK-2 and to metastatic RCC cells, Caki-1. Caki-2 and SNU-333 cells showed resistance to ferroptosis via increased GPX4 and FTH1, respectively. RCC cells showed increased αSMA, in which Caki-2 and SNU-333 cells exhibited different epithelial–mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell markers. Caki-1 and SNU-333 cells formed spheres in vitro and orthotopic tumor masses in vivo. The injected SNU-333 tumor only showed high intensities of CD10 and PAX8, markers of renal origin. Conclusion: SNU-333 cell line exhibited resistance via iron metabolism and stemness, and had tumor-initiating capacities in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that among the cells tested, SNU-333 cells were the most promising for the establishment of an orthotopic RCC model for further researches.
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Toth, Alexander T., and Daniel C. Cho. "Emerging Therapies for Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma." Journal of Kidney Cancer and VHL 7, no. 4 (December 14, 2020): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/jkcvhl.2020.156.
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Multiple combinational regimens have recently been approved and are now considered the standard of care for patients with advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Several additional combinational regimens are deep in clinical assessment and are likely to soon join the crowded front-line therapeutic landscape. Most of these regimens are combinations of agents already approved as single-agents in RCC including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and immune checkpoint inhibitors. While these new front-line regimens are associated with reliably high response rates and prolonged survival, complete and durable remissions remain limited to a small subset of patients and the vast majority of patients continue to require subsequent therapy. The need for the continued development of novel agents in RCC persists and efforts have focused on agents targeting the molecular biology of clear cell RCC and novel immunotherapies including cytokines. In this review, we discuss the progress in the development of these novel therapies in the context of the evolving standard of care for patients with advanced clear cell RCC.
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Toth, Alexander T., and Daniel Cho. "Emerging Therapies for Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma." Journal of Kidney Cancer and VHL 7, no. 4 (December 14, 2020): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/jkcvhl.v7i4.156.
Full textAbstract:
Multiple combinational regimens have recently been approved and are now considered the standard of care for patients with advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Several additional combinational regimens are deep in clinical assessment and are likely to soon join the crowded front-line therapeutic landscape. Most of these regimens are combinations of agents already approved as single-agents in RCC including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and immune checkpoint inhibitors. While these new front-line regimens are associated with reliably high response rates and prolonged survival, complete and durable remissions remain limited to a small subset of patients and the vast majority of patients continue to require subsequent therapy. The need for the continued development of novel agents in RCC persists and efforts have focused on agents targeting the molecular biology of clear cell RCC and novel immunotherapies including cytokines. In this review, we discuss the progress in the development of these novel therapies in the context of the evolving standard of care for patients with advanced clear cell RCC.
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Kim, In-Ho, and Hyo Jin Lee. "The Frontline Immunotherapy-Based Treatment of Advanced Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Current Evidence and Clinical Perspective." Biomedicines 10, no. 2 (January 24, 2022): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10020251.
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Approximately 400,000 patients are diagnosed with kidney cancer annually worldwide, leading to approximately 170,000 deaths. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for more than 90% of kidney cancers. The most common histological subtype is clear cell RCC, which is found in approximately 85% of metastatic RCC cases. The VHL-HIF-VEGF axis is well known; therefore, targeting VEGF has been the mainstay for managing advanced clear cell RCC. Recently, the treatment landscape for advanced clear cell RCC has changed extensively. In particular, immune checkpoint inhibitor-based treatment showed promising results in front-line treatment and became the standard of care. Herein, we review the current evidence on front-line treatment options and discuss the clinical and future perspective.
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Akin, Ryan, David Hannibal, Margaret Loida, Emily M. Stevens, Elizabeth A. Grunz-Borgmann, and Alan R. Parrish. "Cadmium and Lead Decrease Cell–Cell Aggregation and Increase Migration and Invasion in Renca Mouse Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 24 (December 14, 2019): 6315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20246315.
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Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains an important clinical issue; the 5-year survival rate of patients with metastasis is approximately 12%, while it is 93% in those with localized disease. There is evidence that blood cadmium and lead levels are elevated in RCC. The current studies were designed to assess the impact of cadmium and lead on the progression of RCC. The disruption of homotypic cell–cell adhesion is an essential step in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis. Therefore, we examined the impact of cadmium and lead on the cadherin/catenin complex in Renca cells—a mouse RCC cell line. Lead, but not cadmium, induced a concentration-dependent loss of E-cadherin, while cadmium, but not lead, increased p120-catenin expression, specifically isoform 1 expression. Lead also induced a substantial increase in matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels. Both cadmium and lead significantly decreased the number of Renca cell aggregates, consistent with the disruption of the cadherin/catenin complex. Both metals enhanced wound healing in a scratch assay, and increased cell migration and invasion. These data suggest that cadmium and lead promote RCC progression.
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Zhang, Peng, and Jae Y. Ro. "Renal cell carcinoma." annals of urologic oncology 1, no. 1 (November 15, 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32948/auo.2018.11.1.
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The global incidence of cases of kidney cancer has increased rapidly, and a relatively high incidence of kidney cancer has been reported in developed countries such as Northern and Eastern Europe. Various factors can affect the incidence and mortality of kidney cancer, including demographic risk factors, lifestyle factors, iatrogenic risk factors, nutritional factors and diet, occupation, and genetic factors. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) refers to a tumor group with heterogeneity derived from renal tubular cells, which form almost all kidney cancer types. Clear cell RCC (ccRCC) is the most frequent renal tumor subtype, accounting for 75% of renal cancer, followed by papillar RCC(pRCC) making up approximately 10% of RCC. Hematoxylin-eosin staining shows a clear, eosinophilic cytoplasm in ccRCC cells. Epithelial cells forming the papillae and tubules have pRCC histological characteristics. Traditionally, genetic mutations of VHL and MET are the genetic features in ccRCC and pRCC, respectively. Recently, a new concept supports the contribution of mutations in some chromatin-modifier genes, including polybromo 1 (PBRM1), SET domain containing 2 (SETD2), BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1), and lysine (K)-specific demethylase 5C (KDM5C). The metabolic disease concept in renal cancer is noted by researchers worldwide. The PD-1 pathway has been valued by researchers of kidney cancer in recent years, and new agents, such as anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) and CTLA4 inhibitors (Ipilimumab), have been approved to treat advanced RCC. Partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN) remain the standard management option for local RCC with a stage of T1 and T2, respectively. PN can also be selected for T2 stage RCC in suitable cases. Even though targeted therapy consisting of mainly the anti-VEGF and anti-mTOR pathways is recommended as the first-line and second-line treatment for RCC, the effectiveness and side effect of these therapies should be improved in future research.
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Sato, Tomonori, Yoshihide Kawasaki, Masamitsu Maekawa, Shinya Takasaki, Kento Morozumi, Masahiko Sato, Shuichi Shimada, et al. "Metabolomic Analysis to Elucidate Mechanisms of Sunitinib Resistance in Renal Cell Carcinoma." Metabolites 11, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11010001.
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Metabolomics analysis possibly identifies new therapeutic targets in treatment resistance by measuring changes in metabolites accompanying cancer progression. We previously conducted a global metabolomics (G-Met) study of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and identified metabolites that may be involved in sunitinib resistance in RCC. Here, we aimed to elucidate possible mechanisms of sunitinib resistance in RCC through intracellular metabolites. We established sunitinib-resistant and control RCC cell lines from tumor tissues of RCC cell (786-O)-injected mice. We also quantified characteristic metabolites identified in our G-Met study to compare intracellular metabolism between the two cell lines using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The established sunitinib-resistant RCC cell line demonstrated significantly desuppressed protein kinase B (Akt) and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) phosphorylation compared with the control RCC cell line under sunitinib exposure. Among identified metabolites, glutamine, glutamic acid, and α-KG (involved in glutamine uptake into the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle for energy metabolism); fructose 6-phosphate, D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate, and glucose 1-phosphate (involved in increased glycolysis and its intermediate metabolites); and glutathione and myoinositol (antioxidant effects) were significantly increased in the sunitinib-resistant RCC cell line. Particularly, glutamine transporter (SLC1A5) expression was significantly increased in sunitinib-resistant RCC cells compared with control cells. In this study, we demonstrated energy metabolism with glutamine uptake and glycolysis upregulation, as well as antioxidant activity, was also associated with sunitinib resistance in RCC cells.
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Zhang, Xintao, Meng Zhang, Jianli Cheng, Zhaojie Lv, Feng Wang, and Zhiming Cai. "MiR-411 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Renal Cell Cancer." International Journal of Biological Markers 32, no. 4 (October 2017): 454–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/ijbm.5000261.
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Background Recent studies have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in tumorigenesis and tumor development, by negatively regulating protein expression. A previous study of microarrays identified that miR-411 was down-regulated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), while few studies investigating the role of miR-411 in the pathogenesis of RCC have been performed. Methods We assessed the miR-411 expression in RCC and paired adjacent normal tissues, as well as in RCC cell lines and a normal renal cell line, by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, the effects of miR-411 on RCC and normal renal cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration were determined using MTT assay, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry and scratch wound assay following restoration of miR-411 with synthetic mimics. Results Results of qRT-PCR indicated that the expression of miR-411 was down-regulated in RCC tissues and cell lines when compared with adjacent normal tissues and a normal renal cell line. Further, results of CCK-8, MTT, cell scratch and transwell assay showed that over-expression of miR-411 suppressed RCC cell (786-0 and ACHN) proliferation and migration. Flow cytometry assay revealed that miR-411 could induce RCC cell apoptosis. However, overexpression of miR-411 had no obvious effect on normal renal cell line 293T Conclusions To sum up, miR-411 is significantly down-regulated and plays a role as a tumor suppressor in RCC. Further studies are warranted to determine the mechanisms of miR-411 in RCC pathogenesis and define the target genes of miR-411 in RCC.
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Thakor, Parth, Wenzhe Song, Ramalingam B. Subramanian, Vasudev R. Thakkar, David A. Vesey, and Glenda C. Gobe. "Maslinic acid inhibits proliferation of renal cell carcinoma cell lines and suppresses angiogenesis of endothelial cells." Journal of Kidney Cancer and VHL 4, no. 1 (March 21, 2017): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/jkcvhl.2017.64.
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Despite the introduction of many novel therapeutics in clinical practice, metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains a treatment-re-sistant cancer. As red and processed meat are considered risk factors for RCC, and a vegetable-rich diet is thought to reduce this risk, research into plant-based therapeutics may provide valuable complementary or alternative therapeutics for the management of RCC. Herein, we present the antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects of maslinic acid, which occurs naturally in edible plants, particularly in olive fruits, and also in a variety of medicinal plants. Human RCC cell lines (ACHN, Caki-1, and SN12K1), endothelial cells (human umbilical vein endothelial cell line [HUVEC]), and primary cultures of kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) were treated with maslinic acid. Maslinic acid was relatively less toxic to PTEC when compared with RCC under similar experimental conditions. In RCC cell lines, maslinic acid induced a significant reduction in proliferation, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and colony formation. In HUVEC, maslinic acid induced a significant reduction in capillary tube formation in vitro and vascular endothelial growth factor. This study provides a rationale for incorporating a maslinic acid–rich diet either to reduce the risk of developing kidney cancer or as an adjunct to existing antiangiogenic therapy to improve efficacy.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "RCC cell line"
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ZIPETO, MARIA ANNA. "Molecular and functional characterization of cells with stem properties isolated by sphere forming assay from human renal cell carcinoma tissues and cell lines." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/51171.
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Cancer stem cells (CSC) are a rare subset of malignant cells that constitute a reservoir of tumor‐initiating cells with the ability to both self‐renew and differentiate into bulk tumors. As well as for other tumors, also in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) the identification of CSCs might represent a step toward the development of therapies able to totally eradicate the disease. In the present study, cells with stem properties were identified from cultures of clonal tumor spheres obtained from RCC tissues after standardization of sphere‐forming assay on RCC 786‐0 cell line. Spheres obtained from the cell line and from RCC tissues were similar in term of phenotypic features, growth kinetics and sphere forming efficiency (SFE). These spheres exhibited the expression of pluripotency genes as well as the activation of self‐renewal pathways, when compared to the cultures representative of the bulk tumor population. Moreover they overexpressed the adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR1 and ADAR2) that might be involved in the regulation of self‐renewal as demonstrated by the increase of SFE after overexpression in 786‐0 cell line. When injected in immunocompromised mice, cells from spheres had a higher ability to give rise to tumor. Moreover tumor spheres from RCC tissues, as well as from 786‐0, showed a heterogeneous composition, with different cell subpopulations, displaying diverse self‐renewal ability. These subpopulations were identified on the basis of the different intensity of fluorescence of the PKH26 dye, able to discriminate quiescent cells within a proliferating population. The ability to self‐renew of the different PKH populations depended on the grading of the tumor. Although not distinguishing CSCs from the bulk tumor, surface marker expression in combination with PKH assay further confirmed the heterogeneity of cells within the spheres and allowed to identify an enrichment of CD105+ and CD133+CD105+ cells in the self‐renewing PKHhigh population. In this study, by characterizing for the first time molecular pathways, such as Notch, JAK/STAT and RNA editing, that distinguish spheres, enriched in putative CSCs, from the bulk tumor, represented by primary cell cultures, we provided possible targets for new therapies that need to be further characterized in order to discern their role. Moreover, the combination of PKH assay and surface markers might be helpful for a better definition of the CSC population within RCC.
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Mangano, E. "Genomic profiling of chromosomal instability in renal carcinoma primary cultures and cell lines by SNP array technology." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/61979.
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The work described in this PhD thesis aimed to characterize 9 clear cell renal carcinoma primary cultures (RCCpc) and their parental tumor tissues and 5 commercial RCC cell lines, using the Affymetrix GeneChip® SNP array technology (50K and 250K platforms). We performed a genome-wide analysis of copy number alterations (CNAs) and LOH events, together with allele dosage, using CNAG (v3.0) and Affymetrix GTC (v2.0) software. RCCpc and parental tumor tissues were assessed comparing each culture and parental tissue to its corresponding blood sample, while cell lines were analyzed using 48 HapMap CEU samples as normal controls. Also, a comparison was performed between these samples and the typical RCC genomic signature, in order to assess if primary cultures and cell lines were a good in vitro model to study this pathology. The results here obtained indicated that our RCCpc were a reliable model to study RCC pathology, much better than RCC cell lines. Also, comparing RCCpc and parental tumor tissues, we demonstrated that RCCpc provided greater cell homogeneity and an enrichment in tumor cells with respect to heterogeneous bioptic tissues, thus facilitating the characterization of CNAs and the identification of novel genetic elements potentially involved in RCC etiology and useful in clinical applications.
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Eulitt, Patrick. "Small Molecule Inhibitors of MAPK and PI3K Pathways Enhance MDA-7 Lethality in Renal Cell Carcinoma." VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/44.
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Renal cell carcinoma accounted for an estimated 57,760 new cases and estimated 12,980 deaths in the United States in 2009. Current treatment options for systemic renal cell carcinoma yield markedly low response percentages; however, recent cytokine therapy experiments have produced promising results. A novel adenovirus, Ad.5/3-mda-7, has been synthesized to efficiently infect renal cancer cells with the mda-7 gene. This gene encodes for the cytokine MDA-7/IL-24 that has the ability to specifically target transformed cells. Assays performed with this adenovirus resulted in an increased percentage of cell death in renal cancer cells when compared to infection with Ad.5/3-cmv empty vector. Further assays that combined Ad.5/3-mda-7 infection with treatments of small molecule inhibitors increased the percentages of cell death by upregulating JNK and p38 MAPK pathways, downregulating the ERK1/2 MAPK pathway, and downregulating the PI3K pathway. Western blots confirmed upregulation and downregulation of these pathways by probing for key proteins. Renal cancer cells responded best to infection with Ad.5/3-mda-7 and treatment with PD184352, PX866, and Rapamycin. This combinatorial treatment caused a greater percentage of cell death than the sum of the two individual treatments, suggesting a synergistic inhibition of cell growth pathways. These findings suggest that the combination of Ad.5/3-mda-7 and specific small molecule inhibitors has developmental potential as a novel and more efficient treatment option for systemic renal cell carcinoma.
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Ridden, Adam Daniel. "Effects of Dibutylphthalate on the Biosynthesis of Intermediates of the Androgen and Glucocorticoid Pathway in a Cultured Rat Leydig Cell Line (R2C)." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Chemistry, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8916.
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Phthalate esters (phthalates) such as dibutylphthalate (DBP) are commonly used as plasticisers and pesticides in a variety of products such as children‟s plastic toys, food packaging, cosmetics, medical equipment (including surgical equipment), and acaricides. Because of their widespread use phthalates are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that humans are commonly exposed to. Phthalates are known endocrine-disrupting chemicals
(EDCs) that are well known to cause male reproductive defects such as cryptorchidism (failed descent of the testes) and hypospadias (malformations in the urethra) in a range of different species if they are exposed in utero. They do this by reducing testosterone production in Leydig cells, which are the primary site of testosterone biosynthesis in the male. Because phthalates are dose-additive they are considered to share the same mechanism
of toxicity. However, the details of phthalates mechanism of toxicity are not fully understood. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of DBP on the steroidogenesis pathway using the cultured rat Leydig cell cancer line R2C as a Leydig cell model. R2C cells were exposed to a range of DBP concentrations (10 μg/mL, 5 μg/mL, 1 μg/mL, and 0.1 μg/mL)
and their steroid hormone production was analysed using reverse phase HPLC. R2C cells did not synthesise testosterone at detectable levels. However, DBP exposure stimulated cortisol biosynthesis at all concentrations but caused no change in progesterone biosynthesis. This cortisol stimulation in Leydig cells has not been observed before. Because cortisol and testosterone compete for precursors an increase in cortisol synthesis could starve testosterone synthesis of precursors. On top of this it has been shown that glucocorticoids including cortisol have an adverse effect on Leydig cell development reducing steroid production and even causing apoptosis. This could explain how DBP and other phthalates can cause male developmental defects such as cryptorchidism and hypospadias.
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Duarte, Patrícia. "Desenvolvimento da linhagem celular LEY79SF para produção de adenovírus livre de partículas competentes de replicação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42134/tde-09022010-110303/.
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A presença de Ad com competência para replicar (RCA, replication-competent adenovirus) nas preparações é um dos maiores problemas para a produção de Ad em larga escala. RCAs são gerados pela recombinação entre seqüência do vetor e seqüência homóloga do gene E1 presente nas células helper. Objetivo: desenvolver uma nova linhagem auxiliar para produção de Ad livre de RCA - LEY79 - derivada da linhagem de retinoblastoma humano Y79, tratando-se da primeira linhagem empacotadora de adenovírus com inativação mutacional da proteína supressora de tumor pRb, que crescem em suspensão. Células Y79 foram infectadas com o retrovírus pCLDE1A/E1BSN, selecionadas com G418. A eficiência de produção de AdeGFP na linhagem LEY79 foi testada e comparada com a HEK293A. Células Y79 foram adaptadas em meio livre de soro. Esperamos com a linhagem LEY79SF inovar no campo de processos para a produção de Ad recombinante.The presence of Ad with the ability to replicate (RCA, replication-competent adenovirus) in preparations is a major problem in the large-scale production of Ad. RCAs are generated by recombination between the vector sequence and sequence of the homologous gene in E1 helper cells. Objective: To develop a new helper cell line for the production of RCA-free Ad., called LEY79, derived from the Y79 of human retinoblastoma line, the first line Packer adenovirus with mutational inactivation of the tumor suppressor protein pRb, which are adapted to grow in suspension. Y79 cells were infected with the retrovirus pCLDE1A/E1BSN, selected with G418. The efficiency of production of AdeGFP in the LEY79 was tested and compared with the HEK293A. Y79 cells were adapted to grow in serum-free medium. We hope that use of the the LEY79SF cell line will promote innovation in the processing and production of recombinant Ad.
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Gagnon, David. "Développement de procédés efficaces pour la construction et la production de vecteurs adénoviraux." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4462.
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L’adénovirus possède plusieurs caractéristiques faisant de ce virus un candidat de choix pour la construction de vecteurs utiles dans les études de génomique fonctionnelle. Dans la majorité de ces applications, on a recours à un vecteur adénoviral de première génération délété de sa région E1. L’utilisation de vecteurs adénoviraux comprend deux maillons faibles : la construction du vecteur et la production subséquente de ce dernier. Le développement de méthodes alternatives est donc nécessaire pour renforcer ces deux maillons, permettant ainsi une utilisation étendue de ces vecteurs. Ce développement va s’articuler sur deux axes : l’ingénierie du vecteur de transfert pour la construction de l’adénovirus recombinant et l’ingénierie d’une lignée cellulaire pour la production du vecteur.
En utilisant un vecteur de transfert adénoviral co-exprimant, à partir d’un promoteur régulable à la tétracycline, la protéase de l’adénovirus et une protéine de fluorescence verte (GFP) par l’intermédiaire d’un site d’entrée ribosomal interne (IRES), notre groupe a établi que la sélection positive, via l’expression ectopique de la protéase, est un processus efficace pour la création de librairie d’adénovirus recombinants. Par contre, la diversité atteinte dans ce premier système est relativement faible, environ 1 adénovirus recombinant par 1 000 cellules. Le travail effectué dans le cadre de cette thèse vise à construire un nouveau transfert de vecteur dans lequel l’expression de la protéase sera indépendante de celle du transgène permettant ainsi d’optimiser l’expression de la protéase. Ce travail d’optimisation a permis de réduire le phénomène de transcomplémentation du virus parental ce qui a fait grimper la diversité à 1 virus recombinant par 75 cellules. Ce système a été mis à l’épreuve en générerant une librairie adénovirale antisens dirigée contre la GFP. La diversité de cette librairie a été suffisante pour sélectionner un antisens réduisant de 75% l’expression de la GFP.
L’amplification de ce vecteur adénoviral de première génération doit se faire dans une lignée cellulaire exprimant la région E1 telle que les cellules 293. Par contre, un adénovirus de première génération se répliquant dans les cellules 293 peut échanger, par recombinaison homologue, son transgène avec la région E1 de la cellule créant ainsi un adénovirus recombinant réplicatif (RCA), compromettant ainsi la pureté des stocks. Notre groupe a déjà breveté une lignée cellulaire A549 (BMAdE1) exprimant la région E1, mais qui ne peut pas recombiner avec le transgène du virus. Par contre, le niveau de réplication de l’adénovirus dans les BMAdE1 est sous-optimal, à peine 15-30% du niveau obtenu dans les cellules 293. Le travail fait dans le cadre de cette thèse a permis de mettre en évidence qu’une expression insuffisante d’E1B-55K était responsable de la mauvaise réplication du virus dans les BMAdE1. Nous avons produit de nouveaux clones à partir de la lignée parentale via une transduction avec un vecteur lentiviral exprimant E1B-55K. Nous avons confirmé que certains clones exprimaient une plus grande quantité d’E1B-55K et que ces clones amplifiaient de manière plus efficace un vecteur adénoviral de première génération. Ce clone a par la suite été adapté à la culture en suspension sans sérum.The adenovirus has numerous interesting characteristics making this particular virus an ideal candidate for the construction of vector for conducting studies in functional genomics. The vast majority of those applications rely on a so-called “first-generation vector” in which the E1 region is replaced by a transgene. Despite all their advantages, there are 2 weak links associated with first-generation vector: the efficient construction of the actual vector and its production. Therefore, the development of alternative methods for construction and production is necessary to ensure their usefulness. The development will involve 2 axes: the reengineering of the transfer vector for the construction of recombinant adenovirus and the reengineering of the cell line capable of producing the vector. Using a transfer vector co-expressing the adenoviral protease (PS) gene and GFP by using an IRES under the control of a tetracycline-regulated promoter, our laboratory previously established the proof of concept that positive selection of recombinant adenovirus through ectopic expression of the PS gene was an efficient approach to generate adenoviral libraries. However, the diversity achieved was quite low, around 1 recombinant adenovirus per 1,000 cells. The goal of this thesis was to design a new transfer vector in which the PS expression was independent from the expression of the transgene in order to be able to optimize its expression independently. We also improved library diversity by lowering the amount of PS in order to reduce the the trans-complementation from the transfer vector. Using this method, at least 1 recombinant adenovirus per 75 cells was generated with 100% of the plaques being recombinant. This system was successfully used to generate an antisense library targeting GFP. The diversity of the library was high enough to allow the selection of an antisense that inhibited 75% of GFP expression. Amplification of those first-generation recombinant adenoviruses must take place in an E1-expressing cell such as 293 cells. However, when replicating in 293 cells, the recombinant adenovirus can exchange their transgene with the E1 region of the cell by homologous recombination, which results in the generation of a fully replicative adenovirus (RCA), a situation that compromises the purity of the viral preparation. Our laboratory has previously patented an A549 cell line expressing the E1 region and producing RCA-free recombinant adenovirus (BMAdE1). However, the replication of E1-deleted adenovirus in BMAdE1 cells was sub-optimal, in the range of 15-30% the level obtained in 293 cells. The work done in this thesis establishes that the low level of E1B-55K could be responsible for the lower productivity of BMAdE1 cells. Thus, we have derived new clones following lentiviral transduction in order to increase E1B-55K expression. Western blot confirmed that some clones expressed more E1B-55K than BMAdE1, and this correlated with a more robust replication of a recombinant adenovirus in those clones. This newly optimized BMAdE1 cell line was adapted to serum-free suspension culture.
Book chapters on the topic "RCC cell line"
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Prasad, Priya. "Loss of Function of Sth1, The Catalytic Component of RSC (Remodel the Structure of Chromatin) Complex Grossly Alter the Chromatin Architecture." In Proceedings of the Conference BioSangam 2022: Emerging Trends in Biotechnology (BIOSANGAM 2022), 168–75. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-020-6_17.
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AbstractChromatin architecture has a profound effect on the gene expression in eukaryotes. It is constantly modulated in the cells in response to different stress condition and during the normal physiological process in the cell. The chromatin is also modulated during the cell growth and division, where several proteins involved during the cell cycle are synthesized, and hence the gene expression profile and chromatin state of an actively dividing cell differ from that of a resting cell in G0 state. Candida albicans, which is a harmless commensal in human host and an opportunistic fungal pathogen also show dynamic chromatin architecture, and this is facilitated by the several epigenetic determinants, which modulate the chromatin architecture. In this context, RSC (Remodel the structure of chromatin) complex in C. albicans is previously shown to be crucial for cell viability and to carry out several DNA templated events, like kinetochore function and cohesion enrichment. To correlate the role of RSC in kinetochore function with the chromatin architecture at centromeric and non-centromeric region, here we have shown that the chromatin at non-CEN7 regions shows lesser occupancy of nucleosomes in absence of Sth1 protein (catalytic component of RSC complex), which is due to the reduced binding but not due to the reduced expression of the histones.
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Drexler, Hans G. "RCH-ACV." In The Leukemia-Lymphoma Cell Line FactsBook, 139. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012221970-2/50058-9.
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Emmett, Stevan R., Nicola Hill, and Federico Dajas-Bailador. "Non- malignant haematology and allergy." In Clinical Pharmacology for Prescribing. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199694938.003.0020.
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Anaemia is very common, affecting over one- third of the world’s population and can be defined as a reduction in the haemoglobin content of red blood cells (RBC). The normal range varies slightly according to the population being tested, but typically in the UK anaemia in males can be diagnosed if the haemoglobin falls to below 135 g/ L and in females below 115 g/ L. In addition to a reduction in the haemoglobin concentration there is usually an associated reduction in the number of circulating red cells and a low haematocrit. Anaemia is not a diagnosis, it is an abnormality that has an underlying cause and, therefore, a determination of that cause must be made before effective treatment can begin. The production of red cells is termed ‘haematopoiesis’ and occurs in the bone marrow (liver and spleen in foetal life). The bones involved in production change as we age from almost all bones in neonates to long bones, pelvis, and thoracic cage when we reach our 4th decade. As with all blood cells, production of RBCs begins with a pluripotent stem cell that is capable of forming many progenitor cells, including those of the erythroid (red cell) lineage (Figure 12.1). It is estimated that a single pluripotent stem cell, following 18– 20 successful divisions, is able to produce 10 million mature erythrocytes. For this process to occur a number of growth factors (GF) are required, which act in synergy and enable the process of haematopoiesis to follow a stepwise maturation process, ending in the release of mature erythrocytes into the blood stream. Examples of such factors include the interleukins (IL), i.e. IL- 1, IL- 3, IL- 4, IL- 5, and IL- 6. Growth factors also act on the bone marrow stromal cells, enabling the correct environment for cell maturation and development. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and IL- 1 are particularly important stromal acting growth factors and can stimulate the stromal cells to produce many of the IL factors described above. The GF erythropoietin (EPO) is required for successful red cell maturation. Many of the growth factors work by binding to cell surface receptors.
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Batyuk, Liliya, and Nataliya Kizilova. "BIOPHYSICAL BIOMARKERS OF HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES FOR EFFICIENT DIAGNOSTICS OF STROKE." In Traditional and innovative approaches to scientific research: theory, methodology, practice. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-241-8-8.
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Timely and reliable diagnostics of acute and severe diseases like cancer, stroke and myocardial infarction is of a great importance for human health. Biophysical parameters of the red blood cells (RBC) can be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis together with chemical biomarkers and clinical tests. Compared to the latter, the studies on the blood sample are easier accessible and cheaper. The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the high sensitivity of the dielectric properties of single RBC to the general chemical composition of the blood plasma due to the disease development and the available medical technique for their measurements based on the clinical studies. Methodology of the study is based on experimental measurements on the blood samples of healthy donors (control group) and patients with ischemic and hemorrhage stroke (experimental group) in the electromagnetic field of microware frequencies at different temperatures between T=0C and 54C. Results confirmed early noticeable influence of the disease on the real and imaginary part of complex dielectric permittivity of the REC and their membranes than can be easily detected by the microwave dielectric spectroscopy (MDS). The variations in the dielectric parameters tend to zero after a successful treatment that can be used as an additional biomarker of a proper individual treatment of the disease. Practical implications. The MDS method in a range of temperatures can be recommended for early diagnostics of the disease severity and estimation of the treatment efficiency. The method is fast, simple and cheap, and it needs a sample of the venous blood only.Value/originality. The effectiveness of the proposed method is based on a series of experimental studies and theoretical modeling and gives a new insight to the importance of dielectric properties of RBC that are the most movable cells in our bodies which carries on their membranes the influences of all biochemical markers produced by the disease.
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Rahimunnisa, K., V. Aparna, R. K. Harrini, and K. Kamalini. "Quantification of Blood Cells and Blood Disease Detection Using Image Processing." In Recent Trends in Intensive Computing. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/apc210283.
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RBC (Red Blood Cells) and WBC (White Blood Cells) are the main constituents of blood. WBC fight infections by attacking bacteria and viruses, that invade the body, while RBC transports oxygen in the body. Many blood diseases can be detected using RBC and WBC count values. Immunity-related blood diseases like Leukopenia and Leukocytosis can be easily detected using the WBC count value. The manual counting method of blood cells in laboratories takes at least one day to get the blood results, which becomes a major drawback for healthcare sectors to diagnose the disease at the right time. More expensive pathological tests are also a major drawback. Accurate counting of blood cells is essential in the accurate diagnosis of the disease. The proposed system is used to calculate the RBC and WBC Count, Total blood Count, RBC and percentage and the blood disease (Leukocytosis, Leukopenia) from the input blood smear image. This will help laboratories to perform the counting of blood cells with high accuracy and less workload. This is achieved by pre-processing that involves grayscale conversion, image enhancement, noise removal, binary conversion of input image, followed by plane extraction and threshold-based Segmentation. The blood disease (Leukocytosis and Leukopenia) is detected using WBC percentage-based classification methodology. This approach obtained an accuracy of 98.4%, specificity of 88.889%, precision of 99.58%, F - Measure of 99.50%. Morphological operations are implemented using MATLAB software.
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Alpesh Patel, Vaidehi. "Current Imaging Techniques in Renal Cell Carcinoma." In Renal Cell Carcinoma - Recent Advances, New Perspectives and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107834.
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Renal cancers are one of the 10 most commonly seen cancers in both sexes. The incidence of renal cancers is high in Western developed countries and lower in Eastern and developing countries. The overall incidence of malignancy has been increasing in recent times. Ultrasound (USG) is very commonly used imaging technique; however recent advances like contrast enhanced ultrasound helps to differentiate various cystic renal masses. Availability of newer imaging techniques such as Computed tomography scan (CT scan) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and their various applications may play a role in better and early diagnosis of such lesions. Due to its highly metastatic nature, accurate staging is more important to facilitate proper treatment. Fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) is widely applied in detection, staging/restaging and surveillance of such lesions. In this chapter, we will try to cover the recent advances in various modalities for detection of renal cancers, particularly renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
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Aoki, Takavhiko. "Behaviour of a Sialo-Oligosaccharide from Glycophorin in Teleost Red Blood Cell Membranes." In Animal Models and Experimental Research in Medicine [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107234.
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Glycophorins (GPs) in red blood cell (RBC) membranes of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) exhibit bacteriostatic activity against various gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria including fish pathogens. This physiological property also exists in the GPs of yellow tail (Seriola quinqueradiata) and red sea bream (Pagrus major). Thus, we concluded that this antimicrobial activity is not confined to these teleost species but can be found in all fish. This bacteriostatic activity is caused by the sialo-oligosaccharide from these teleost GPs. Only the N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) form of sialic acid was detected in the carp. Using NMR and GC–MS, we determined that the structure of the bacteriostatic sialo-oligosaccharide from carp was NeuGcα2→6 (Fucα1→4) (Glcα1→3) Galβ1→4GalNAc-ol. The bacteriostatic activity of this monosialyl-oligosaccharide is due to the property of the lectin receptor. It is supposed that some lectin-like proteins exist on the surface of gram-positive bacteria or the flagellum of gram-negative bacteria. Based on the electron microscope observations, teleost GPs containing the sialo-oligosaccharide are released from RBC membranes and then adsorbed onto the surface or the flagellum of invading bacteria in the blood.
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Shemran Mutlaq Alwataify, Ahmed, Husain Naji Alshammary, and Ali Hadi Mahdi. "Portal Vein Thrombosis in Patients with β-Thalassemia." In The Erythrocyte - A Unique Cell [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106564.
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Beta (β)-thalassemia major, a chronic inherited hematological disease, leads to chronic anemia in affected children. One of the options for treatment is splenectomy. However, this treatment involves risk of many complications, one of which is portal vein thrombosis (PVT). The risk factors include exposure of phosphatidyl-serine of abnormal red blood cells (RBCs), increased activation, aggregation and a number of platelets and nucleated RBCs after splenectomy, increased endothelial activation, decreased nitric oxide, organ dysfunction, and thrombophilia. PVT is either complete or partial obstruction and has fatal complications, especially after splenectomy and late diagnosis without effective treatment. Diagnosis is typically made with X-ray. Generally, the incidence of PVT is between 1.7% and 9.2%. Initially, it is asymptomatic; symptoms appear gradually as thrombosis progresses. The easiest way to differentiate it from other conditions is via imaging study like Doppler ultrasound. It is usually associated with prolonged prothrombin time (PT). D-dimer and alkaline phosphatase are generally high. The treatment is the same for both the acute and chronic forms and includes the treatment of causal factors, prevention of thrombus extension, and achievement of patency of the portal vein via regular RBC transfusion and antithrombotic agents.
Conference papers on the topic "RCC cell line"
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Kaewpaiboon, Sunisa, Titpawan Nakpheng, and Teerapol Srichana. "Biocompatibility of Polymyxin B Sulfate Based on Sodium Deoxycholate Sulfate Formulations with Kidney Cell Lines, Macrophage Cells, and Red Blood Cells." In 5th International Conference and Exhibition on Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology 2022. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-7490x3.
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Antibiotic-resistant has emerged without new drug challenges. Polymyxin B (PMB) was the last resort therapy for multiple-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. However, the toxicity of PMB including nephrotoxicity (61%) and neurotoxicity (7%) was dose-limitation. PMB-based sodium deoxycholate sulfate (SDCS) formulations were prepared in the 2-different mole ratios of SDCS to PMB (5:1 and 10:1). Particle size, zeta-potential, and drug content were evaluated. The biocompatibility of PMB formulations was investigated with normal human primary renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (PCS-400-010), human kidney epithelial cell lines (HEK 293T/17), human kidney cell lines (WT 9-12), macrophage-like cells (RAW 264.7) and red blood cells (RBC). PMB formulations had smaller particle sizes and lower zeta-potential when compared to PMB. PMB content presented from 97-100% after lyophilization. PMB-SDCS formulations revealed lower toxicity to cell lines than PMB, especially SDCS: PMB (5:1) and low lysis of RBC. PMB-SDCS mixture had better biocompatibility than those PMB and SDCS alone.
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van der Burgt, René C. H., Patrick D. Anderson, and Frans N. van de Vosse. "Probing Red Blood Cell Dynamics." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80255.
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Because of the high volume contents of red blood cells (RBCs) in blood, mechanics of a single RBC plays a large role in the rheological description of blood. Moreover, RBC dynamics drive plasma mixing and lateral transport of its components, which are both involved in blood coagulation. Therefore, a characterization of the dynamical parameters of RBCs under different flow conditions is needed. Experimental methods, like pipette aspiration or optical trapping, seem to be unable to accurately capture RBC dynamics, due to contact of a solid with the cell membrane. Especially at larger deformations, a proper analysis is more complex due to this cell-solid interaction and the introduction of extra friction forces. In addition, not local but whole cell quantities are measured.
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Ting, Lucas H., and Nathan J. Sniadecki. "Hemodynamic Shear Regulates Intercellular Forces and Permeability of Endothelial Cell Monolayers." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80789.
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In the cardiovascular system, the flow of blood within the complex vascular network creates hemodynamic shear forces experienced by cells. Situated between the circulating blood and the bulk vascular tissue, the endothelium is a cell monolayer acting as a barrier that protects the underlying arterial tissue. Shear forces have been seen to interact with and regulate endothelial cells through mechanotransduction induced cytoskeletal changes within the cell [1]. Shear forces can be beneficial in cases of laminar flow, which are thought to be atheroprotective by aligning and organizing endothelial cells [2]. However, disturbances to a smooth flow field, caused by vessel bifurcations or obstructions like an implanted stent or a bulging atherosclerotic lesion, can cause recirculation zones to form downstream. In these flow regions, detrimental monolayer remodeling occurs which breaks down the endothelial barrier function [3]. Biochemically, it has been seen that shear forces drive signaling cascades in the Rho/Rac pathways that cascade into morphological changes in the cytoskeleton [4].
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Boogaerts, M. A., P. Zachée, M. P. Emonds, W. Goossens, R. L. Verwilghen, and R. L. Lins. "ERYTHROCYTES(RBC) AS SUICIDAL ENDOGENOUS SCAVENGERS IN IMMUNE TRIGGERED GRANULOCYTE(PMN)MEDIATED VASCULAR DAMAGE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643162.
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PMN produced toxic oxygen radicals(TOR)have been implicated in the generation of endothelial injury in a number of clinical conditions e.g. in apheresis,hemodialysis, ARDS and atherosclerosis. RBC have shown to inhibit TOR induced damage in a number of hyper-oxic lung injury models.We surmised RBC may serve as endogenous TOR scavengers in those in vivo situations where PMN are immunologically triggered(e.g. complement-activation in hemodialysis)to produce endothelial damage.However, RBC in their role as scavengers may became more vulnerable to further oxydant stress and display a reduced life span.Confluent monolayers of 51cr-labeled human umbilical vein endothelial cells will release 7.5 ± 1.3% of their label upon incubation with complement triggered PMN.When these PMN (l)are premixed with RBC(10),the endothelial damage can be inhibited by 78.4 ± 3.2%.This inhibition can be reproduced by replacing intact RBC by their hemolysates,but not by red cell ghosts.In a 51cr-RBC cytotoxicity system,phorbolester stimulated PMN will lyse 52.6 ± 4.2% RBC.Addition of unlabeled RBC(1/5),inhibits cytotoxicity by 31.1%,their hemolysate by 100%.Pretreatment of added unlabeled RBC with the anion channel blocker DIDS,did not significantly block the scavenger effect.RBC-targets fron hemodialysis-patients(n=8),are more vulnerable to PMN mediated cytotoxicity than normal controls(+24.1%,p<0.001). This vulnerability is further increased(+16.3%,p<0.05)during the early stages of the hemodialysis-procedure,at the time when granulocyte counts are lowest and TOR-generation highest.The GSH of he-modialysis-RBC can be more rapidly depleted upon challenge byAPH, while they also display a significant higher methemoglobin production upon sodium ascorbate challenge,both indicative of their, increased oxidative sensitivity. High dose Vitamin C(10™3M)or desfe-rioxamine(10™3M)inhibit all RBC cytotoxicity.We conclude that RBC serve as endogenous scavengers of TOR,generated by PMN,triggered by corplement activation during hemodialysis. However,by doing so,they became themselves more vulnerable to further oxidative stress,which may contribute to the chronic anemia of hemodialysis-patients.
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Sato, Hiromi, Sana Siddig, Rina Suzuki, Miaki Uzu, Sayumi Suzuki, Yuki Nomura, Yuko Sekine, Tomoya Uehara, Yasushi Arano, and Koichi Ueno. "Abstract 983: A dual inhibitor of MDR-1 and ABCG2,elacridar, enhances cytotoxic effects of sunitinib on RCC cell lines." In Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-983.
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Lykotrafitis, George, and He Li. "Two-Component Coarse-Grain Model for Erythrocyte Membrane." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62133.
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Biological membranes are vital components of living cells as they function to maintain the structural integrity of the cells. Red blood cell (RBC) membrane comprises the lipid bilayer and the cytoskeleton network. The lipid bilayer consists of phospholipids, integral membrane proteins, peripheral proteins and cholesterol. It behaves as a 2D fluid. The cytoskeleton is a network of spectrin tetramers linked at the actin junctions. It is connected to the lipid bilayer primarily via Band-3 and ankyrin proteins. In this paper, we introduce a coarse-grained model with high computational efficiency for simulating a variety of dynamic and topological problems involving erythrocyte membranes. Coarse-grained agents are used to represent a cluster of lipid molecules and proteins with a diameter on the order of lipid bilayer thickness and carry both translational and rotational freedom. The membrane cytoskeleton is modeled as a canonical exagonal network of entropic springs that behave as Worm-Like-Chains (WLC). By simultaneously invoking these characteristics, the proposed model facilitates simulations that span large length-scales (∼ μm) and time-scales (∼ ms). The behavior of the model under shearing at different rates is studied. At low strain rates, the resulted shear stress is mainly due to the spectrin network and it shows the characteristic non-linear behavior of entropic networks, while the viscosity of the fluid-like lipid bilayer contributes to the resulting shear stress at higher strain rates. The apparent ease of this model in combining the spectrin network with the lipid bilayer presents a major advantage over conventional continuum methods such as finite element or finite difference methods for cell membranes.
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Lai, Yun-Ju, Jui-Cheng Tsai, Ying-Ting Tseng, and Etty N. Benveniste. "Abstract 4219: Small G protein Rac GTPases regulate the maintenance of glioblastoma stem-like cells." In Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-4219.
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Ostapchuk, P. S., T. A. Kuevda, and V. P. Korotkiy. "Regularities of growth, development and main blood indicators of Hubbard Redbro M meat-and-eggs cross chickens." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-137.
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Features of growth, development and main blood indicators of Hubbard Redbro M meat-and-eggs cross chickens were the primary aim of the study. The use of an active coal feed additive gives a reliable increase in live weight during the growth period in the range of 3.5 –7.5 %. The content of RBC and WBC in broilers of the experimental group is within the physiological norm, but the number of red blood cells is significantly higher than in the control one by 0.40×1012 cells per liter.
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Schwach, Dale, and Y. B. Guo. "An Acoustic Emission In-Situ Measuring System for the Investigation of White Layer Effect on Rolling Contact Fatigue." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60019.
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Hard turning has begun to compete with grinding in manufacturing various mechanical components because of the significant potential technical and economical benefits for improving fatigue life. However under certain cutting conditions, a phase-transformed white layer (WL) may form on the machined surface that could drastically affect a component’s service life. The presence of WL causes great concerns in machining industry just because the WL effects on component performance such as fatigue life are yet to be understood. Therefore the significant benefits of hard turning would not be realized fully unless this issue is solved. A novel real-time acoustic emission (AE) based rolling contact fatigue (RCF) testing system was presented to study the WL effects on component life. AISI 52100 bearing steels were machined to generate two distinct surfaces: free of white layer (NOWL) and with WL. The real life loading of contact pressures and rolling speeds was applied to the test specimens. The applied load throughout the experiment was in-process monitored using a load cell which enabling the record of a Hertzian pressure history during rolling contact. It was found that the RCF testing system is simple and inexpensive, but very sensitive to fatigue crack initiation and propagation. Compared with AE count rate, AE parameters such as energy, RMS, and amplitude are more sensitive to fatigue crack initiation and propagation in rolling contact. The NOWL samples are more resistive to fatigue crack initiation/propagation and therefore have a longer life when compared to the WL samples with equivalent surface finish. The WL samples have shorter life or at most comparable with the NOWL samples with relative rough surface finish.
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Oshima, Marie, Masamichi Oishi, Haruyuki Kinoshita, and Teruo Fujii. "Visualization and Measurement of Flow-Induced Dynamic Motion of Red Blood Cells Using Tracking Confocal Micro-PIV System." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80516.
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RBC(Red Blood Cell)s have a biconcave shape with diameters of about 8 μm and thicknesses of about 2 μm like a capsule structure with highly deformable membrane. In arterioles having diameters of less than 100μm, the effect of RBCs becomes pronounced because the scales of the flow and the RBCs become similar. RBCs exhibit the axial migration [1] toward the center of blood vessel. The axial migration leads to non-Newtonian flow behavior such as decrease in flow resistance. The tank-tread motion [2] makes an important role for the axial migration and it is dependent on the shear rate of the surrounding flow, which ranges up to 500 s−1 in arteriole.
Reports on the topic "RCC cell line"
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Peng, Ciyan, Jing Chen, Sini Li, and Jianhe Li. Comparative Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Injections Combined Western medicine for Non-small cell lung cancer: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0068.
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Review question / Objective: Advanced lung cancer has become the top malignant tumor in terms of morbidity and mortality, and Chinese herbal injections combined with western drugs have been widely used to treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer. For this purpose, we conducted a Bayesian network analysis to systematically evaluate the efficacy of different herbal injections combined with western drugs in the treatment of NSCLC. Subjects: Patients diagnosed with NSCLC by pathological or cytological examination, locally advanced or those who refused surgical treatment were included, regardless of gender, age, stage, race, nationality and sample size; Interventions: Chinese herbal injections combined with three types of commonly used western drugs (platinum, targeted and immune agents) were used in the experimental group, while the control group was treated with western drugs alone; Study type: to report the efficacy of Chinese herbal injections combined with western drugs in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer efficacy in a randomized controlled trial (rct) Eligible. No restrictions were imposed on language, year of publication, or publication status. Ending indicators: Main ending indicators: (1) disease control rate (DCR), DCR = (complete remission + partial remission + stable)/total number of cases. Efficacy rate = (number of improvement cases + number of stable cases)/total number of cases. (2) Secondary outcome indicators: quality of life, determined according to the KPS behavioral status scale, improvement was defined as an increase of ≥10 points in KPS score after treatment; stability was defined as an increase or decrease of <10 points in KPS score; decline was defined as a decrease of ≥10 points in KPS score. (3) The incidence of adverse reactions, including gastrointestinal reactions, white blood cell (WBC) reduction, hemoglobin (HGB) reduction, platelet (PLT) reduction, etc.
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Spiegel, Yitzhak, Michael McClure, Itzhak Kahane, and B. M. Zuckerman. Characterization of the Phytophagous Nematode Surface Coat to Provide New Strategies for Biocontrol. United States Department of Agriculture, November 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613015.bard.
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Chemical composition and biological role of the surface coat (SC) of the root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. are described. SC proteins of M. incognita race 3 infective juveniles (J2) were characterized by electrophoresis and western blotting of extracts from radioiodine and biotin-labelled nematodes. J2 labelled with radioiodine and biotin released 125I and biotin-labelled molecules into water after 20 hours incubation, indicating that SC proteins may be loosely attached to the nematode. Antiserum to the principal protein reacted with the surface of live J2 and with surface proteins previously separated by electrophoresis. Human red blood cells (HRBC) adhered to J2 of several tylenchid nematodes over the entire nematode body. HRBC adhered also to nylon fibers coated with SC extracted from M. javanica J2; binding was Ca++/Mg++ dependent, and decreased when the nylon fibers were coated with bovine serum albumin, or pre-incubated with fucose and mannose. These experiments support a working hypothesis that RBC adhesion involves carbohydrate moieties of HRBC and carbohydrate-recognition domain(s) (CRD) distributed on the nematode surface. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a surface CRD i the phylum Nematoda. Gold-conjugated lectins and neoglycoproteins combined with silver enhancement have been used for the detection of carbohydrates and CRD, respectively, on the SC of M. javanica J2. Biotin reagents were used to trace surface proteins, specifically, on live J2. The labile and transitory nature of the SC was demonstrated by the dynamics of HRBC adherence to detergent-treated J2, J2 at different ages or fresh-hatched J2 held at various temperatures. SC recovery was demonstrated also by a SDS-PAGE profile. Monoclonal antibodies developed to a cuticular protein of M. incognita J2 gave a slight, but significant reduction in attachment of Pasteuria penetrans spores. Spore attachment as affected by several enzymes was inconsistent: alcian blue, which specifically blocks sulfyl groups, had no afffect on spore attachment. Treatment with cationized ferritin alone or catonized ferritin following monoclonal antibody caused significant decreases in spore attachment. Those results suggest a role in attachment by negatively charged groups.