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1
Yang, Guang, Erfeng Zhao, Xiaoya Li, Emad Norouzzadeh Tochaei, Kan Kan, and Wei Zhang. "Research on Improved Equivalent Diagonal Strut Model for Masonry-Infilled RC Frame with Flexible Connection." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (March 4, 2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3725373.
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The reinforced concrete (RC) frame with masonry infill wall is one of the most common structural systems in many countries. It has been widely recognized that the infill wall has significant effects on the seismic performance of RC frame structure. During the Wenchuan earthquake (China 2008), a lot of infilled RC frame structures suffered serious damages due to the detrimental effects brought about by the infill wall rigidly connected to the surrounding frame. In order to solve this problem, flexible connection, introduced by Chinese designers, is recommended by the updated Chinese seismic design code, because of its effect to reduce the unfavorable interaction between infill wall and frame. Although infilled RC frame structure with flexible connection has a lot of advantages, but because of the lack of research, this structure type is seldom used in practical engineering. Therefore, it is of great significance to scientifically investigate and analyze the effects of flexible connection on structure behaviors of infilled RC frame. In this study, a macrofinite element numerical simulation method for infilled RC frame with flexible connection was investigated. Firstly, the effects of connection between infill wall and surrounding frame on in-plane behaviors of infilled RC frame were discussed. Secondly, based on deeply studying the equivalent diagonal strut models for infilled RC frame with rigid connection, an improved equivalent diagonal strut model for infilled RC frame with flexible connection was proposed. Employed with inversion analysis theory, the parameter in the proposed model was estimated through artificial fish swarm algorithm. Finally, applied with the existing experiment results, a case study was conducted to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model.
2
Tian, Jie, Zhi Chao Yan, and Yang Yang Cao. "Nonlinear Earthquake Response Analysis of a New RC Frame Multi-Ribbed Composite Walls Structure." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.173.
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A new RC frame multi-ribbed composite walls structure is provided by using low yield strength steel. Two calculating structures are analyzed which one is the RC frame shear wall structure used as a comparison, and the other is the RC frame multi-ribbed composite walls structure. The nonlinear earthquake responses of the structures are calculated by using program IDARC2D.The nonlinear dynamic analysis models of the structures are established with retrogressive three-linear resilience model for beam, column and RC shear wall elements, while a smooth hysteretic model is proposed for representing low yield strength steel panels. The nonlinear dynamic time-history analysis of the structures under horizontal earthquake waves has been carried out. The earthquake responses of the structures and energy dissipation are studied, which provide more data information for the comprehension of earthquake responses and seismic performance of the RC frame multi-ribbed composite walls structure. The calculating results show that the low yield strength steel panels have obvious seismic mitigation effects, and that RC frame multi-ribbed composite walls structure has good seismic capacity.
3
Zhang, Hao, Guang Wei Cao, and Yong Qiang Li. "Dynamic Response Analysis of RC Structures under Seismic Excitation Considering Strain Rate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 873 (November 2017): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.873.254.
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Considering the effects of strain rate, the nonlinear dynamic response of two reinforced concrete(RC)structuresisstudied under seismic excitationsin this paper. Firstly, based on the model in a shaking table test, a three-dimensional finite element model of RC frame-shear wall structural model subjected to both horizontal and vertical component seismic excitations is established. The structural model is a three-story RC frame-shear wall structure, which consists of RC slabs, RC columns and transverse spandrel beams.Afringeframe is infilled by a RCshear wall.Then, According to the practice engineering, a multi-story RC frame structure is also established. Finally, the dynamic response of the structures is investigated using nonlinear seismic analytical method considering the effects of strain rate. These results may provide a reference for seismic design of RC structure.
4
Meng, Qing Li, Chun Yu Chu, and Jun Chen. "The Study on Infilled Walls Effect in RC Frame Infilled Wall Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 1783–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.1783.
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The seismic damage and even collapse of the infilled walls in RC frame infilled wall structure is the issue that needs thorough study, In this paper, firstly introduces the improved infilled wall model which can consider the interaction of in-plane and out-of-plane, and can judge the damage state of infilled walls, as well as the interaction between RC frame and infilled walls. Then, based on the finite element software OpenSees, under rare earthquake, performed the nonlinear numerical simulation of two finite element models-RC frame without infilled walls and RC frame with infilled walls, comparative analysis differences of both plastic hinge zone’s steel strain, drift and acceleration response, and in-depth study of the infilled walls effect in RC frame infilled wall structure and reason analysis.
5
Pan, Lin, and Yan Qing Zhang. "The Analysis of Frame-Shear Wall Structure Model." Advanced Materials Research 424-425 (January 2012): 654–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.424-425.654.
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On the basis of analysis of shear wall’s simplified model—equivalent model, this article investigates its application in RC frame-shear wall structure from static elastic -plastic calculation,which carries out elastic -plastic analysis compare with wall unit and equivalent model and illuminates simplified model’s feasibility in RC frame-shear wall structure static elastic -plastic analysis under the maximum earthquake action
6
Xu, Defeng, Junwu Dai, Yongqiang Yang, Xuran Weng, and Gang Sun. "Study on Numerical Simulation of Seismic Collapse of RC Frame Structure with Infilled Wall." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (March 22, 2022): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1890091.
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The infilled wall plays an important role in the formation of the survival space and life-saving passage of the seismic collapse of reinforcement concrete (RC) frame structure. Here, with the numerical modeling method of the infilled wall, the connection between infilled wall and RC frame was primarily investigated. The combined finite element (FE) and finite-discrete element (F-DE) method is proposed to simulate the multispan and multistory RC frame structure with infilled wall. The reliability of the numerical simulation method was verified by the shaking table test; the evaluation criterion includes the collapse mechanism and mode. The results show that the numerical simulation is highly consistent with the shaking table test; it is easy for RC frame structure to form short columns due to the influence of the low or half-height infilled wall, and the structural collapse is caused by the shear failure of columns; the overall structure shows pancake type of collapse; the survival space becomes smaller and smaller on the direction of structural collapse. The proposed numerical simulation method can be valuable in simulating RC frame structure with infilled wall for postearthquake rescue.
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Kotadia, Keny K., and Dr K. B. Parikh. "Effect of Material Used for Infill Wall and Its Shape on the Seismic Performance of RC Frame." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 513–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43791.
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Abstract: RC frame structure is one of common used building structures. Previous studies show that infill wall significantly contribute to the seismic performance imposed on RC frame structure, increasing structural stiffness and hence leading to decrease structure's natural period. However under strong earthquake, infill wall not only holds up large lateral seismic force but also limits the deformation of beams and columns. In most of the previous studies on the behaviour of reinforce concrete building considering the effect of infill wall, rectangular shape of brick is taken into account. In this study, an attempt has been made to look over the effect of infill wall material type and its shape on the seismic performance of RC frame. This study will be restricted with single bay frame with two types of bricks a) Clay brick, b) Fly ash brick. The different shapes under consideration are rectangle and square. This study also contains the effect of size of infill wall units. The stress in concrete, lateral force resisting capacity and displacement results have been obtained by finite element analysis and compared for all the cases. Keywords: RC frame, Infill, Micro modelling, FEA, ABAQUS
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Yang, Youfa, Feihu Li, and Feiyu Wang. "Analysis of the Seismic Performance of a Masonry Structure with an RC Frame on the First Story with a Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Damper." Applied Sciences 13, no. 4 (February 13, 2023): 2408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13042408.
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The concrete shear walls of masonry structures with an RC frame on the first story are low-rise shear walls with a height–width ratio of less than 1. The strength, stiffness, and ductility of these low-rise shear walls are not matched, resulting in poor seismic performance. Based on the idea of the passive control theory and multi-seismic defensive lines, the scheme of a masonry structure with an RC frame on the first story with a concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) damper is proposed in this paper. To explore the seismic mitigation effect of a CFST damper applied to a masonry structure with an RC frame on the first story, the seismic performance under low-reversed cyclic loading of the frame with the CFST damper is first compared with that of the energy-dissipated low-rise concrete shear wall proposed by previous researchers and the ordinary low-rise concrete shear wall. Furthermore, the response of the masonry structure model with an RC frame on the first story with a CFST damper and two other comparative structural models under earthquake action are discussed. The results show that a masonry structure with an RC frame on the first story with a CFST damper has a fuller hysteretic loop, lighter pinching, better energy dissipation ability, and better seismic performance. Compared with the other two structures, the energy dissipation capacity of the masonry structure with an RC frame on the first story with a CFST damper is significantly improved, by 1.25~1.5 times. The amplification effect of the deformation angle allows the CFST damper to play a significant role in energy dissipation, whereas the main structure still undergoes a small deformation. The CFST damper can dissipate more seismic energy to protect the main structure from damage and improve the seismic performance of masonry structures with an RC frame on the first story.
9
Shi, Jialiang, and Qiuwei Wang. "Seismic performance evaluation of RC frame-shear wall structures using nonlinear analysis methods." International Journal of Computational Materials Science and Engineering 06, no. 04 (December 2017): 1750025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2047684117500257.
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To further understand the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) frame-shear wall structures, a 1/8 model structure is scaled from a main factory structure with seven stories and seven bays. The model with four-stories and two-bays was pseudo-dynamically tested under six earthquake actions whose peak ground accelerations (PGA) vary from 50[Formula: see text]gal to 400[Formula: see text]gal. The damage process and failure patterns were investigated. Furthermore, nonlinear dynamic analysis (NDA) and capacity spectrum method (CSM) were adopted to evaluate the seismic behavior of the model structure. The top displacement curve, story drift curve and distribution of hinges were obtained and discussed. It is shown that the model structure had the characteristics of beam-hinge failure mechanism. The two methods can be used to evaluate the seismic behavior of RC frame-shear wall structures well. What’s more, the NDA can be somewhat replaced by CSM for the seismic performance evaluation of RC structures.
10
Tang, Baizan, Xiaojun Li, Su Chen, and Lihong Xiong. "Shaking Table Test of a RC Frame with EPSC Latticed Concrete Infill Wall." Shock and Vibration 2017 (2017): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7163560.
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The expansive polystyrene granule cement (EPSC) latticed concrete wall is a new type of energy-saving wall material with load-bearing, insulation, fireproof, and environmental protection characteristics. A series of shaking table tests were performed to investigate the seismic behavior of a full-scale reinforced concrete (RC) frame with EPSC latticed concrete infill wall, and data obtained from the shaking table test were analyzed. The experimental results indicate that the designed RC frame with EPSC latticed concrete infill wall has satisfactory seismic performance subjected to earthquakes, and the seismic responses of the model structure are more sensitive to input motions with more high frequency components and long duration. The EPSC latticed concrete infill wall provided high lateral stiffness so that the walls can be equivalent to a RC shear wall. The horizontal and vertical rebar, arranged in the concrete lattice beam and column, could effectively restrain the latticed concrete infill wall and RC frame. To achieve a more comprehensive evaluation on the performance of the RC frame with latticed concrete infill walls, further research on its seismic responses is expected by comparing with conventional infill walls and nonlinear analytical method.
11
Miao, Zhi Wei, Zhao Yun Qiu, and Yang Ming. "Study on Energy Dissipation Mechanism and Collapse-Resistant Performance of RC Frame-Shear-Wall Structure under Strong Earthquake." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 2550–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.2550.
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Energy dissipation mechanism is very important for the structural collapse-resistant performance under strong earthquakes. Two reinforced concrete (RC) frame-shear-wall structures with different span-depth ratios in coupling beams were designed according to current Chinese seismic design code and then analyzed by nonlinear time-history analysis method under a serial of strong earthquake records. Based on the analysis results, energy dissipation mechanism and collapse-resistant performance of the two structures under strong earthquakes are studied. And the “strong wall limb-weak coupling beam” mechanism, which is achieved in the structure with larger span-depth ratio in coupling beams, is proposed to serve as the reasonable energy dissipation mechanism for RC frame-shear-wall structure. The damage of wall limb is controlled effectively under this energy dissipation mechanism, which leads to good collapse-resistant performance.
12
Gong, Xiao Ying, and Jun Wu Dai. "Nonlinear Seismic Analysis of Masonry Infilled RC Frame Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.288.
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Many RC frame structures were severely damaged or collapsed in some layer. The phenomenon was significantly different from the expected failure mode in seismic design code. This paper comprehensively sums up the earthquake characteristics of masonry infilled RC frame structures. Based on an investigation of a masonry infilled RC frame structure damaged in the earthquake area, conduct the research on frail-layer caused by infill walls uneven decorated. On the hypothesis of keeping the main load-bearing component invariant, two models were considered, i. e. frame with floor slab, and frame with both floor slab and infill wall. Furthermore, divide them into groups of the bottom, the middle and the top frail-layer to discuss by changing the arrange of infill wall. Time history analyses using three-dimensional sophisticated finite element method were conducted. The major findings are: 1)infill walls may significantly alter the failure mechanism of the RC frames. 2)controlling the initial interlayers lateral stiffness ratio in a reasonable range is an effective method to avoid frail-layer damage. These findings suggest that the effects of infill wall should be considered in seismic design, keep the initial interlayers lateral stiffness ratio less than the paper suggested, and the structural elasto-plastic analysis model should take slabs and infill walls into account.
13
Zhao, Yagebai, and Yidian Dong. "Seismic Response of Reinforced Concrete Frame-Shear Wall Structure with Metal Rubber-Based Damper in Coupling Beam." Annales de Chimie - Science des Matériaux 44, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/acsm.440503.
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In reinforced concrete (RC) frame-shear wall structure, the coupling beam needs to yield before the wall limbs are damaged, in order to dissipate the energy of the external load. However, the coupling beam has a limited energy dissipation capacity. Once severely damaged, the coupling beam is difficult to be repaired, which hinders the structural recovery after an earthquake. Considering excellence of metal rubber (MR) in hysteresis energy dissipation and deformation self-reset, this paper changes the energy dissipation mode of the coupling beam by adding an MR damper to the beam. Firstly, the stress-strain curve of MR was obtained through mechanical experiments, and used to construct the constitutive model of the material. Then, the parameters of the damper were designed based on the constitutive model. Next, the MR dampers were installed on the coupling beams of a 12-layer RC frame-shear wall structure. The authors analyzed the time histories of the elastoplastic dynamics of the structure under seismic actions, and calculated the seismic responses like interlayer displacement, absolute acceleration, and base shear force. These parameters were compared with those of the structure without the damper, and the output-deformation envelope curve of the damper on each layer were obtained. In this way, the authors studied how the parameters of the MR damper affect the seismic response of RC frame-shear wall structure. The results show that adding the MR damper to coupling beam can effectively weaken the seismic response of the RC frame-shear wall structure.
14
Wu, Yuan Yuan, Zhen Kun Cui, Qian Qian Gong, and Lei Zeng. "SRC Frame-RC Core Wall Hybrid Structures Collapse-Resistant Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1708–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1708.
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To study Steel reinforced concrete frame-reinforced concrete core wall (SRC frame-RC core wall) hybrid structure earthquake damage evolution and collapse mechanism, this paper holds the earthquake collapse mechanism, seismic collapse analysis and collapse control strategies as the mainline, establishes performance degradation and collapse criterion characterization based on structure dynamic characteristics, adopts incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method to complete the prototype structure collapse-resistant test and quantitative assessment of seismic collapse analysis and determine the main factors that affect the structure collapse-resistant properties. Through numerical analysis to reveals the mechanism of the earthquake collapse and obtains optimal collapse model, and proposes methods and measures of collapse-resistant design for such structure, which has practical significance for enhancing the ability of high-level hybrid structure to earthquake.
15
Meng, Qing Li, Jun Chen, and Chun Yu Chu. "The Passive Control Seismic Strengthen about RC Frame Infilled Wall Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1056–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1056.
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In this paper, a four-storey reinforced concrete frame infilled wall structure does not meet the seismic perform target, based on the seismic behavior target of both frame and infilled wall, to carry out the study on the passive control seismic strengthen of RC infilled wall structure with attached dampers. First, two kinds of passive control strengthen schemes were put forward. Scheme 1: Dampers were installed in the in-plane direction parallel with all 1-storey infilled walls; Scheme 2: Dampers were installed in the in-plane direction parallel with all 1-storey and 2-storey infilled walls. Then to establish the two types of passive control seismic strengthen model in OpenSees, carry out the rare earthquake nonlinear time-history analysis under El Centro, Parkfield and San Fenando ground motions. Finally, in accordance with the seismic performance target quantization index of RC Frame infilled wall structure used as hospital, i.e. considering storey drift ratio limit and infilled wall damage, judge the scheme 2 can meets the seismic performance target.
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Shiah, Guan Chyun, and Chia Lun Liu. "A Case Study of Earthquake Resistant Retrofit Design with Economical Braced Steel Frame System for a Primary School." Applied Mechanics and Materials 157-158 (February 2012): 1083–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.157-158.1083.
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This paper makes a case study of an elementary school in Feng-shan District, Kaohsiung City. According to “The handbook of seismic resistant evaluation standard for school buildings” issued by National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE) in 2009, this study analyzes elementary school building adopting braced steel frame retrofit system, conducts seismic evaluation, as well as compares its seismic performance with shear-wall retrofit structure and RC strengthening of columns . If space permits, braced steel frame retrofit system can be applied into school building retrofit scheme; its seismic performance is compared with shear wall and RC strengthening of columns proposals. Adopting shear wall or RC strengthening of columns retrofit would affect main structure system of school building. These constructions will make existing reinforced concrete school building crack, especially old school building whose structure strength is greatly influenced. Therefore, an economic braced portal frame systems are proposed as new way of retrofitting. This paper uses ETABS program to make a seismic evaluation for structural system of the study object. It also compares the research object with commonly-used shear wall retrofit and RC strengthening of columns retrofit, thus to judge whether it meets requirements stipulated in seismic standards issued by NCREE and provide an another alternative scheme for the primary school retrofit construction.
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Lai, M. C., and Y. C. Sung. "A Study on Pushover Analysis of Frame Structure Infilled with Low-Rise Reinforced Concrete Wall." Journal of Mechanics 24, no. 4 (December 2008): 437–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1727719100002550.
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AbstractThis paper focused on the pushover analysis of a frame structure infilled with low-rise reinforced concrete (RC) wall. The softening model of concrete as well as the elastoplastic model of reinforcement was considered in the analysis associated with the equilibrium and compatibility conditions. Accordingly, the shear load-deformation relationship of the wall subjected to monotonic lateral load can be analyzed through the proposed analysis procedure. Based on the relationship obtained, we employed a single equivalent structural strut represented by a nonlinear axial member, acting in the diagonal direction of the frame, in simulating the infilled RC wall to simplify the framed wall model. As a result, the sequential pushover analysis of the whole structure could be performed easily and efficiently based on the realistic procedure proposed.To validate the proposed approach, reported results from the cyclic loading tests of fifteen specimens were adopted for the correlation. Based on the correlation, it is found that this study can provide an acceptable result of the pushover analysis and give an insight into progressive failure consequence of the framed wall structure. The proposed procedure simplifying the structural model helps the practical engineers get a higher efficiency while performing seismic evaluation and retrofit design of the high-redundancy frame structure with numerous infilled low-rise RC walls.
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Desai, K. Y., R. K. Sheth, and K. R. Patel. "Performance Evaluation of RC Frame - Wall Structures Using Incremental Dynamic Analysis." Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention, SEC 2022: Themes 1-2 1, no. 1 (December 19, 2022): 1719–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.711.
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A structure whose resistance to lateral loading is provided by a combination of shear walls and rigid frames, may be categorized as a frame-wall structure. The behaviour of RC structures under the effect of earthquake loading has always been a subject of investigation. Structural seismic design has been undergoing a major revaluation in recent time, with importance shifting from strength to performance. Nonlinear Time-History Analysis (NLTHA) constitutes the accurate way for simulating response of structures subjected to seismic excitation. Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA), involves performing nonlinear dynamic analysis of the structure under a set of ground motion records, each scaled monotonically to several intensity levels. In the present paper, RC moment resisting frame-wall structure with 18, 22 and 26 storeys are analysed for seismic zone IV, resting on hard soil and designed as per IS code provisions. Geometrical configuration of the buildings are considered as per IS 16700:2017. Analysis and design of frames are carried out using ETABS-2016. The performance evaluation of above frames is done using NLTHA and IDA using SeismoStruct software for set of 11 recorded ground motions of past Indian earthquake varying in range of magnitude from 5.6 to 7.8. For this parametric study, the performance criteria as per FEMA 356 for the limit states of Immediate Occupancy (IO), Life Safety (LS) and Collapse Prevention (CP) are considered. Results obtained from NLTHA are shown in terms of Interstorey Drift Ratio (IDR) profile. The results of NLTHA showed satisfactory performance when evaluated by a set of recorded ground motions of past Indian earthquakes. Individual and summarized IDA curves for 16%, 50% and 84% IDA of IDR | Sa illustrates that RC Frame-walls crosses the IO performance level and are well below the CP level for all cases which shows acceptable performance.
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Chen, Lin, Xing Liu, Yun Zhou, and Xiao Hu. "Analysis of Seismic Performance of Mega Steel Braced Frame-Composite Steel Plate Shear Wall Structure." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 2077–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.2077.
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Mega steel braced frame-composite steel plate shear wall structure, consisting of mega steel braced frame as outer frame and composite steel plate shear walls as core wall, is a new type of hybrid structure that is proposed in this study. Seismic performance of this new structure was analyzed under frequent earthquake and severe earthquake. The analysis focused mainly on displacement response, seismic base shear distribution and failure mechanism. Comparing with traditional steel frame-RC core wall structure, this new type of hybrid structure presents better coorporative working performance since mega steel braced frame provides larger stiffness and composite steel plate shear wall provides a fairly ductile response. It can be observed from the failure mechanism that this structure has multiple seismic resistant systems with composite steel plate shear wall, mega braces and mega frame when subjected to severe earthquakes.
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Zhou, Xiaojie, Xiaoyuan Kou, Quanmin Peng, and Jintao Cui. "Influence of Infill Wall Configuration on Failure Modes of RC Frames." Shock and Vibration 2018 (June 25, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6582817.
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An improper configuration of masonry infill walls in RC frame may lead to short column effect on the columns, which is harmful to the seismic behavior of the structure. In this study, a bare frame and two single-story, single-bay RC frames, partially infilled with masonry, were tested under cyclic loading. The failure mechanism and seismic performance of these partially infilled RC frames (with an infill height of 600 mm) with different types of connections were analysed. Based on the experiment, nonlinear finite element simulation and analysis were conducted to study the effects of the infill walls and connections. The results show that both mechanical performance and failure mode are affected by the infill height, the type of connection between the frame and the infill, and the ratio of shear bearing capacity of the frame column to that of the infill. For the masonry-infilled frame with rigid connection, the higher the infill wall is, the lower the shear bearing capacity ratio will be. Thus, the effect of the lateral constraint of the infill wall on the column increases, and the shear span ratio of the free segment of the column decreases, resulting in the short column effect. Based on the analysis results, a value of 2.0 is suggested for the critical shear bearing capacity ratio of the frame column to the infill wall. If the shear bearing capacity ratio is less than 2.0 and the shear span ratio of the column free segment is not more than 2.0, the short column effect will occur. For the infilled frame with flexible connection, both the lateral constraint from the wall to the column and the wall-frame interaction decrease; this reduces or prevents the short column effect. The conclusion can present guidance for the design and construction of masonry-infilled RC frame structure.
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Liu, Pei Song, and Liang Bai. "Seismic Reinforcement Application of Buckling-Restrained Braces in the Bottom Frame-Shear Wall Structure." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1012–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1012.
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Bottom frame-shear wall structure is a kind of special structure, due to the inharmonious relationship between the frame and masonry walls in bearing lateral capacity and deformation ability, the difference of vertical stiffness in the bottom frame-shear wall structure is bigger, so the structural seismic performance is poor. A six layer bottom frame-shear wall structure seismic strengthening project is established in order to contrastive analyze two kinds of reinforcement scheme, which are additional RC shear wall and additional buckling constraints. Calculation and analysis results show that through setting buckling constraint support in the bottom layer of reinforced concrete frame and selecting rational mechanical parameters, can increase lateral stiffness, reduce the lateral deformation and realize the effect of multichannel fortification. At the same time, the advantage of easy to implement is belong to bottom frame-shear wall structure.
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Jagadeesan, P., N. Sudharsan, S. M. Subash, Pradeep Thirumoorthy, B. Sugumaran, Jabar Abdul Bari, R. Vetturayasudharsanan, D. Ambika, K. Sharmiladevi, and Kathiresan Karuppanan. "Study on Performance of Infilled Wall in an RC-Framed Structure Using a Reinforcing Band." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (September 6, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8643959.
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Infilled wall is a primary structure which is used in a multistorey RC-framed structure. It is not designed like structural elements, but it is subjected to structural load and response as a heavily damaged element into the building. The main problem of an infilled wall is not actively utilizing in the framed structure and it is not interacted with frame elements. The objective of research is to utilize the infilled wall in the RC-framed structure by improving its performance of behavior. Here, two different types of brick masonry like Autoclaved concrete and clay brick masonry were used as the infilled wall in an RC-framed structure. A singly bay and single storey RC framed structure was cast and tested under a 1/10th scale model by diagonal compressive loading. The specimen was subjected to static loading by a universal testing machine. Infilled wall is weak in tension, so a reinforcing band was used to improve the performance like load carrying capacity, stiffness, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity. Based on the results of the experimental study, it is found that reinforcing band with the infilled wall gives better behavior of the RC-framed structure.
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Santhosh, D., R. Prabhakara, and M. D. Ragavendra Prasad. "Behavior of Low, Medium and High Rise Reinforced Concrete Frame with Infill Using ATENA 2D." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 9 (July 1, 2020): 4287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9063.
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The Low, Medium and High rise reinforced concrete (RC) buildings are common in all cities in all countries. Unreinforced masonry wall (URW) is commonly used in low, medium and high rise building as a partition wall both in interior and exterior of building. But structural designers are not considered URW in analysis and design of buildings. This URM wall as an infill plays a very important role in structure subjected to lateral load. So it is very essential to know the nonlinear behavior of low, medium and high rise frame with and without infill. To conduct experiment for understanding the nonlinear behaviour of low, medium and high rise RC frame is very expensive and need good sophisticated testing facilities. With the available many finite element softwares, it is easy to create model and to know the performance of structure. So in this study, a finite element software ATENA 2D (2003) were used to conduct nonlinear analysis for capture nonlinear behaviour of low, medium and high rise RC frame with infill and without infill. Load versus displacement graphs, magnitude of principal compressive stresses, magnitude principal tensile stresses, stress contours, and cracks pattern are used to know the performance of low, medium and high rise RC frame with infill.
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Choi, Seung-Ho, Jin-Ha Hwang, Sun-Jin Han, Hyo-Eun Joo, Hyun-Do Yun, and Kang Su Kim. "Seismic Performance Assessments of RC Frame Structures Strengthened by External Precast Wall Panel." Applied Sciences 10, no. 5 (March 4, 2020): 1749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10051749.
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In recent years, a variety of strengthening methods have been developed to improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures with non-seismic details. In this regard, this study proposes a new type of seismic strengthening method that compresses prefabricated precast concrete (PC) walls from the outside of a building. In order to verify the proposed method, a RC frame structure strengthened with precast walls was fabricated, and cyclic loading tests were performed. The results showed that specimens strengthened using the proposed method exhibited further improvements in strength, stiffness and energy dissipation capacity, compared to RC frame structures with non-seismic details. In addition, a nonlinear analysis method, capable of considering the flexural compression and shear behaviors of the walls, was suggested to analytically evaluate the structural behavior of the frame structures strengthened by the proposed method. Using this, an analysis model for frame structures strengthened with precast walls was proposed. Through the proposed model, the analysis and test results were compared in relation to stiffness, strength, and energy dissipation capacity. Then, the failure mode of the column was evaluated based on the pushover analysis. In addition, this study proposed a simplified analysis model that considered the placement of longitudinal reinforcements in shear walls.
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Xu, Xiang Tao, and Xiao Hu. "Comparative Study on the Earthquake Behavior of Frame-Shear Wall Structure of Concrete Filled Steel Tubular under Conventional Earthquake." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 1981–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.1981.
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In this paper, seismic behavior of the frame-shear wall structure, which are respectively composed of the concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) and of the reinforced concrete (RC) column, have been studied under the conventional earthquake. Dynamic behaviors and earthquake responses including deformation and forcing of the CFST and RC structures are analyzed. Comparing the calculation results, the earthquake resistant behavior of the CFST structure has been evaluated synthetically, which may be referential for structure design.
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Wang, Xiaomin, Yuhan Su, Jingchang Kong, Maosheng Gong, and Chunhui Liu. "The Over-Strength Coefficient of Masonry-Infilled RC Frame Structures under Bidirectional Ground Motions." Buildings 12, no. 9 (August 23, 2022): 1290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091290.
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The over-strength coefficient is one of the key factors for the seismic safety of a structure. For RC frames, the infill wall may improve the lateral bearing capacity, while the seismic demand increases as well, which leads to the unexpected seismic performance of an infilled RC frame in past earthquakes. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically study the over-strength effect of the infilled RC frames from the point of seismic capacity and demand. In this paper, 36 RC frame structures with/without infill walls are designed, and the corresponding finite element modelings, considering the in-plane and out-of-plane performance coupling effect of infill walls, are established to conduct incremental dynamic analyses (IDA). The seismic capacity values of over-strength coefficients are calculated, utilizing the IDA results under bidirectional ground motions. The effects of seismic precautionary intensity and number of stories on the over-strength coefficient of the RC frame with/without infill walls are discussed. The over-strength coefficient capacity value of the infilled frame is apparently higher than that of the bare frame, due to the contribution of infill walls. However, the seismic demand analysis of the over-strength coefficient shows that the capacity–demand ratio of masonry-infilled RC frame structures is greatly reduced, especially for the bottom soft-story infilled frame.
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Huang, Shi Xiang, and Xin Yu Zhao. "Cyclic Tests and Simulations of Spatial RC Frame-Shear Wall Structures." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 1569–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.1569.
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The cyclic tests of three one-storey spatial RC frame-shear wall structures with slabs were conducted to investigate the failure modes and the base shear-floor displacement hysteretic responses of the model structures. Then three dimensional numerical simulations were performed using the finite element program ABAQUS/Standard and ABAQUS/Explicit. The test results are detailed in this paper and compared to those of the numerical simulations. It is shown that: (a) plastic hinges initiated at the bottom of the shear wall and followed by forming near the upper ends of columns, resulting in wall-column hinges side-sway failure mechanism; (b) to a certain extent, the horizontal force bearing capacity of the structure increases with the increasing of the vertical load; (c) it is verified that the pushover results of both ABAQUS/Standard and ABAQUS/Explicit solutions agree well with the test results in the case that the parameters are reasonably chosen.
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Wibowo, Leonardus Setia Budi, and Dermawan Zebua. "Analisis Pengaruh Lokasi Dinding Geser Terhadap Pergeseran Lateral Bangunan Bertingkat Beton Bertulang 5 Lantai." Ge-STRAM: Jurnal Perencanaan dan Rekayasa Sipil 4, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25139/jprs.v4i1.3490.
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Indonesia is one of the countries in the earthquake region. Therefore, it is necessary to build earthquake-resistant buildings to reduce the risk of material and life losses. Reinforced Concrete (RC) shear walls is one of effective structure element to resist earthquake forces. Applying RC shear wall can effectively reduce the displacement and story-drift of the structure. This research aims to study the effect of shear wall location in symmetric medium-rise building due to seismic loading. The symmetric medium rise-building is analyzed for earthquake force by considering two types of structural system. i.e. Frame system and Dual system. First model is open frame structural system and other three models are dual type structural system. The frame with shear walls at core and centrally placed at exterior frames showed significant reduction more than 80% lateral displacement at the top of structure.
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Wen, Yang, and Cong Li. "Contrastive Analysis of the Mechanics Behavior of Concrete-Filled Rectangular Steel Tube Frame Structure with Filler Wall." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 5182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.5182.
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Through the Quasi-Static test on two specimens of CFRST frame (KJ)and two specimens of CFRST frame with filler walls(TKJ) in horizontal load, the paper analyses the hysteretic curves of two structures contrastively, ductility, strength and stiffness degradation, consumption energy capacity, failure mechanism and failure characteristics, and also analyses the influence of various parameters on the seismic performance and the mechanical properties. The results show that the filler walls increase the stiffness of the structure, and especially in the early loading it is more significant. It is obvious to reduce the p-Δ effect of the column at the normal using stage. The deformability of frame without filler wall is greater than that of frame with filler wall. But the damage process of frame with filler wall is a flat curve, and it meets the demand of ductile frame. Through the hysteretic curve we can know that the dissipative energy capacity of frame without filler wall is good in contrast with that of frame with filler wall. Then the ductility factor of CFRST frame with filler wall is greater than that of RC frame with filler wall. So we can conclude that the CFRST frame has wonderful superiority on bearing capability, seismic behavior and effective use of material.
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Wu, Cheng Hao, Meng Guo, and Yuan Jian Zhang. "Displacement Equations Using Force Method for Frame-Composite Walls under Horizontal Loads." Applied Mechanics and Materials 137 (October 2011): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.137.106.
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According to the special forms and mechanical behavior of frame-composite walls, displacement calculation method for frame-composite walls under horizontal loads is proposed in this paper. The model of frames and composite walls in parallel is adopted for considering working together of them. Cracking of filling blocks at middle and end elastic stages is taken into account. Based on material and structure mechanics theories, the displacement calculation method of frame-composite walls is derived from that of frame structures. The calculation results of the proposed method agree well with the test results of multi-grid composite wall with edge frame columns reinforced by steel. The displacement calculation method of frame-composite walls is compatible with that of frames and that of RC shear walls. The shear deformation of the frame-composite wall contributes most to the whole deformation. And the lateral displacement curves of middle to high-rise frame-composite wall structures are characterized by flexure-shear deformation. The proposed displacement calculation method for frame-composite wall structures can be used as a reference for structural design
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Yinrui, Zheng, and Zhu Jiejiang. "Immune Genetic Algorithm for Optimizing Reinforced-Concrete Frame- Shear Wall Structure." Open Civil Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (September 10, 2015): 602–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501509010602.
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An immune genetic algorithm (IGA) is proposed to optimize the reinforced concrete (RC) frame-shear wall structures. Compared with the simple genetic algorithm (SGA), this algorithm has adaptive search capabilities for the future knowledge being used in the process of population evolution. Since the concrete grade of floors and the layout of walls are translated to binary codes, the implementation of this algorithm is not affected by the complexity of the structures. With I-typed vaccine, the continuous vertical stiffness of structure is ensured; With II-typed vaccine, the structures conforms to all the specifications which including floor shift angle, floor displacement ratio and period ratio. At the element level, the optimizing results satisfy all the specifications required by the current Chinese Codes. In this way, a computer program is created to get optimum design schemes.
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Zheng, Shan Suo, Qing Lin Tao, Yi Hu, and Zhi Qiang Li. "Damage Sensitivity Analysis for Main Design Parameters of Reinforced Concrete Shear Wall." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 2574–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.2574.
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As an indispensable force component to the hybrid structure, the seismic wave energy inputted into integral structure is dissipated by damping force working and plastic hysteresis of reinforced concrete shear wall which is taken as the first seismic fortification line of structure. Considering of the condition that the RC shear wall is mainly used to dissipate the seismic wave energy, this paper takes the ultimate energy dissipation capacity of reinforced concrete shear wall subjected to cyclic loading as the damage characterization. According to the related theoretical analysis and experimental research, the method for calculating ultimate energy dissipation capacity of RC shear wall is proposed and the damage sensitivity of various design parameters which contain the sectional thickness, the strength of concrete and reinforcement ratio are analyzed, then the influence laws of main design parameters impacted on damage evolution of RC shear wall are revealed in this paper. The research shows that sectional thickness is the most sensitive factor in the damage of reinforced concrete shear wall and the concrete strength degree takes the second place, and then the reinforcement ratio is the most insensitive design parameter. The research achievements will provide theoretical support for establishing the storey damage model of SRC frame-RC core wall hybrid structure under seismic excitation.
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Pudjisuryadi, Pamuda, V. S. Prayogo, S. I. Oetomo, and Benjamin Lumantarna. "Seismic Performance of a Three-Story Reinforced Concrete Building with Masonry Infill Walls and Friction Base Support." Civil Engineering Dimension 23, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/ced.23.1.35-43.
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The stiffness of masonry infill walls is commonly neglected in design practice of Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures. In fact, the stiffness of masonry infill wall may significantly influence seismic performance and dynamic behavior of RC buildings. In this research, influence of masonry infill walls to the structural performance of a three-story RC frame is investigated. In addition, possible application of friction-based support is also studied. Full 3D non-linear time history analysis is conducted to observe behavior of the structure under two-directional ground motion. In the analysis, any failed elements are removed subsequently from the model to avoid numerical analysis problem. The result shows that the placement of masonry infill walls can significantly influence the structural behavior of RC structure. Inappropriate placement of masonry wall may lead the building undergo soft-story mechanism. It is also found that the use of friction-based support can effectively improve the seismic performance of the building.
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Zheng, Shan Suo, Long Fei Sun, Qing Lin Tao, and Yi Hu. "Study on the Damage Law of SRC Frame-RC Core Wall Hybrid Structure Storey Affected by Component Damage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 1506–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.1506.
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Based on the general finite element software ABAQUS, the FE model of 30-story SRC frame-RC core wall hybrid structure is established and the simulation analysis is conducted to the evolution of storey damage under cyclic loading, then the law of storey damage evolution affected by component damage is revealed. The analysis results show that the storey damage evolution is affected more by the damage of SRC column and RC shear wall than by the SRC beam's, when the single component has similar damage; and also is affected greatly by the damage of RC shear wall, when the two different types of components have similar damage. Based on the results of numerical simulation, the mathematical relations between the component damage and the storey damage are established, which would provide theoretical support to the hybrid structure damage model under earthquake excitation.
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Rousakis, Theodoros, Evgenia Anagnostou, and Theodora Fanaradelli. "Advanced Composite Retrofit of RC Columns and Frames with Prior Damages—Pseudodynamic Finite Element Analyses and Design Approaches." Fibers 9, no. 9 (September 6, 2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib9090056.
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This study develops three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) models of composite retrofits in deficient reinforced concrete (RC) columns and frames. The aim is to investigate critical cases of RC columns with inadequate lap splices of bars or corroded steel reinforcements and the beneficial effects of external FRP jacketing to avoid their premature failure and structural collapse. Similarly, the RC-frame FE models explore the effects of an innovative intervention that includes an orthoblock brick infill wall and an advanced seismic joint made of highly deformable polymer at the boundary interface with the RC frame. The experimental validation of the technique in RC frames is presented in earlier published papers by the authors (as well as for a four-column structure), revealing the potential to extend the contribution of the infills at high displacement ductility levels of the frames, while exhibiting limited infill damages. The analytical results of the advanced FE models of RC columns and frames compare well with the available experimental results. Therefore, this study’s research extends to critical cases of FE models of RC frames with inadequate lap splices or corroded steel reinforcements, without or with brick wall infills with seismic joints. The advanced pseudodynamic analyses reveal that for different reinforcement detailing of RC columns, the effects of inadequate lap-spliced bars may be more detrimental in isolated RC columns than in RC frames. It seems that in RC frames, additional critical regions without lap splices are engaged and redistribution of damage is observed. The detrimental effects of corroded steel bars are somewhat greater in bare RC frames than in isolated RC columns, as all reinforcements in the frame are considered corroded. Further, all critical cases of RC frames with prior damages at risk of collapse may receive the innovative composite retrofit and achieve higher base shear load than the original RC frame without corroded or lap-spliced bars, at comparable top displacement ductility. Finally, the FE analyses are utilized to propose modified design equations for the shear strength and chord rotation in cases of failure of columns with deficiencies or prior damages in RC structures.
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Patel, Bhavik, and Bharat J. Shah. "Enhancement Factor for Collapse Resistance of RC Buildings Considering Brick Infills." SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology 14, no. 02 (June 30, 2022): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18090/samriddhi.v14i02.14.
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Progressive collapse is described as the removal or damage of one or more primary load carrying elements of the structures leading to the partial or full collapse of structures. For assessment of resistance towards collapse, various methods have been found in good literature and guidelines like alternate path method, strengthening or enhancement in local elements, strengthening of the girders, truss formulation at upper-level storey etc. In the present study, attempts have been focused on the contribution of brick infill walls on building resistance to collapse with different opening ratios. Three buildings structures have been considered in the present study having 4-storey, 7-storey and 10-storey (bare frame) with removal cases of four columns on at a time. The worst column removal scenario has been considered to check the influence of brick infill wall panels with different opening ratios. The structure is designed as per relevant IS codes and masonry work for brick infill have been considered with first class bricks. The present study recommends the enhancement factor for the contribution of brick infill wall panels for collapse resistance assessment of bare RC frame structure.
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Zhang, Jia Chao, Lei Ming Zhang, and Xi La Liu. "A Beam-and-Column Based Macro Model for Masonry Infill Walls in RC Frames under Cyclic Loading." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.193.
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Reinforced concrete (RC) frame with masonry infill walls is a very common structural system in low and medium rise buildings. The infill walls are usually considered as non-structural components in the design or assessment of buildings. However, many damages in earthquakes have shown that the infill walls can significantly change the structural response to seismic action. Consequently the evaluation of the seismic performance of RC frame with masonry infill walls becomes very important, and also turns to be a major challenge for structure engineers. In this paper a beam-and-column (BAC) macro model for walls is proposed to simulate the masonry infill walls in RC frames. In this model, the masonry panel is replaced by an equivalent rigid frame which is made up of some beam-and-column members. The geometric parameters of each member can be determined simply by equivalent stiffness combined with the original dimensions of wall panel. The physical characteristics are described directly by material properties of wall panel under investigation. To validate the rationality of proposed model, a masonry-infilled RC frame under cyclic reversed loading is analyzed by the proposed model. The results, including crack pattern, load versus displacement relation are then compared with the experiment response. Good agreements are found.
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Shrirame, Sharad, Prof Sanjay Dhenge, and Prof Girish Sawai. "Comparative Analysis of Lateral Loads Resisting System for RCC Structure." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (May 31, 2022): 2267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42719.
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Abstract: This research work focuses on comparison of seismic analysis of G+12 story buildings stiffened with shear wall at various locations. The performance of the building is analysed in Zone II, for Mumbai city. This research paper includes understanding the main zone factor that tends the structure to perform poorly during lateral moments caused by earthquake in order to achieve their appropriate behaviour under future earthquakes. The analysed structure is symmetrical, G+12, Ordinary RC moment-resting frame (OMRF). Modelling of the structure is done by using staad proV8i software. The Time period used for the seismic calculations of the structure in both the direction is achieved from the software and as per IS 1893(part I):2016 seismic analysis has conducted. The Lateral seismic forces of RC frame are carried out using equivalent static method as per IS 1893(part I): 2016. The purpose of present work is to understand that the structures need to have suitable Earthquake resisting features to safely resist large lateral forces exerted on structure during lateral movement of structure. Shear walls are efficient (model no.3), In terms of effectiveness in minimizing lateral movement and damage caused due to the earthquake in structure the conventional frame system also provides the resistance to structure but it is unable to minimise the damage caused by the earthquake in structure. A comparative analysis is done in terms of Base shear, Displacement, Axial load, Moments in Z direction in columns and maximum bending moments in beams. Keywords: Stadd-pro, seismic excitation ,ordinary RC frame structure
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Lu, Wen Long, and Chao Yong Shen. "Shaking Table Test of RC Frame-Shear Wall Structures with Partial Columns Sliding at Upper Ends." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 795–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.795.
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A new kind of RC frame-shear wall structures with partial columns sliding at upper ends is proposed in this paper. A shaking table test of this new kind of structure model (Model B) and a conventional frame shear-wall structure Model (Model A) were carried out, and the plan layout and the member size of the two models are nearly identical. The two models are 3-story and 2-bay by 2-bay, and the second story of either structure is weak story. The test results showed that: (1) under the same intense earthquake, the damage of Model B is slighter than that of Model A; and (2) under the same intense earthquake, the interstory drift angle, the acceleration and the shear force of weak story of Model B are reduced remarkably in comparison to Model A.
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Ye, Yan Xia, Hua Huang, and Dong Wei Li. "Analysis on the Effect of Filler Wall to the Dynamic Characteristics and Storey Displacement of RC Frame Structure." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 644–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.644.
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Comparative analyses of twenty-eight finite element structures with filler walls were established to study dynamic characteristics of RC frame structures under seismic waves. The results of these analyses show that filler walls have little influence on vibration modes of the structure. But as a result of soft storey in the bottom of building caused by reduction of the filler walls, vibration modes have a great influence. As the stiffness of filler wall decrease, the stiffness of soft storey decrease shapely, vibration mode curve becomes much smoother. Considering the filler wall has influence on the vibration periods of framework, the reduction factor of 0.7 should be taken. The influence of filler wall to the value of lateral drift and storey displacement angle of frame can not be ignored. The main effect factors to the dynamic characteristics of framework are included quantity, location, material of the fill wall and the selection of seismic waves.
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Wang, Ning, Xiaoning Huang, and Dan Zhang. "Seismic Fragility Assessment of RC Plan-Asymmetric Wall-Frame Structures Based on the Enhanced Damage Model." Shock and Vibration 2021 (November 1, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5559260.
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The seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) plan-asymmetric structures is significantly influenced by the input angle of seismic ground motions. Hence, it is challenging to assess the performance of plan-asymmetric structures. In this study, the classic probabilistic seismic fragility assessment method is used to assess RC plan-asymmetric wall-frame structures based on the enhanced damage model. First, the worst-case input angle of seismic ground motions for plan-asymmetric structures is identified using the wavelet transforms coefficient method, considering the coupling of bidirectional seismic ground motions. Accordingly, the maximum deformation and hysteretic energy dissipation can be determined. Then, an enhanced damage model, which is based on the combination of deformation and hysteretic energy dissipation, is used to identify floor damage factor. Note that the importance coefficients of structural components are considered in the identification. Meanwhile, the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is conducted to create the fragility curves by assuming floor damage factor as seismic performance index. In particular, the randomness of the threshold for floor damage factor is considered during the assessment. Afterwards, numerical simulations are employed to verify the fragility assessment method. Results show that the wavelet transforms coefficient method can evaluate the worst-case input angles with low time-consuming and high efficiency. Meanwhile, the story damage factors confirmed that the proposed damage model could accurately assess the structure during the failure process. Moreover, the typical failure modes of the RC wall-frame structure, which significantly depend on the story damage distribution, can be defined using the enhanced damage model. Note that the randomness of the threshold could significantly affect the probability of exceedance, which is important for fragility analysis.
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Hur, Moo-Won, Yonghun Lee, Min-Jun Jeon, and Sang-Hyun Lee. "Seismic Strengthening of RC Structures Using Wall-Type Kagome Damping System." Buildings 12, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12010041.
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In this study, the Kagome truss damper, a metallic wire structures, was introduced and its mechanical properties were investigated through theoretical analyses and experimental tests. The yield strength of the Kagome damper is dependent on the geometric shape and diameter of the metallic wire. The Kagome damper has higher resistance to plastic buckling as well as lower anisotropy. Cyclic shear loading tests were conducted to investigate the energy dissipation capacity and stiffness/strength degradation by repeated loadings. The hysteretic properties obtained from the tests suggest that a modification of the ideal truss model with a hinged connection could be used to predict the yield strength and stiffness of the damper. For seismic retrofitting of a low-rise RC moment frame system, a wall-type Kagome damping system (WKDS) was proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed system was verified by conducting cyclic loading tests using a RC frame with/without the WKDS (story drift ratio limit 1.0%). The test results indicated that both the strength and stiffness of the RC frame increased to the target level and that its energy dissipation capacity was significantly enhanced. Nonlinear static and dynamic analyses were carried out to validate that the existing building structure can be effectively retrofitted using the proposed WKDS.
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Akyildiz, Ahmet Tugrul, Alicja Kowalska-Koczwara, and Łukasz Hojdys. "Seismic Protection of RC Buildings by Polymeric Infill Wall-Frame Interface." Polymers 13, no. 10 (May 14, 2021): 1577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13101577.
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This paper is aimed at investigating the usage of flexible joints in masonry infilled walls surrounded by reinforced concrete (RC) frames. For this purpose, a real-size specimen was numerically created and exposed to the seismic loads. In order to evaluate both in-plane and out-of-plane performances of the infill walls, the system was chosen as a box shaped three-dimensional structure. In total, three different one-story constructions, which have single bays in two perpendicular directions, were modeled. The first type is the bare-frame without the infill walls, which was determined as a reference system. The second and third types of buildings are conventional mortar joint and PolyUrethane Flexible Joint (PUFJ) implemented ones, respectively. The influence of these joints on the material level are investigated in detail. Furthermore, general building dynamic characteristics were extracted by means of acceleration and displacement results as well as frequency domain mode shapes. Analyses revealed that PUFJ implementation on such buildings has promising outcomes and helps to sustain structural stability against the detrimental effects of earthquakes.
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Mishra, Balgovind, and Dr Raghvendra Singh. "Non-Linear Time History Analysis of G+15 RC Frame Building with Shear Wall." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 1074–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40818.
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Abstract: The structure is vulnerable to ground movement during an earthquake and damages the structure. It is important to know the nature of the movement of the ground in order to prevent damage to the structure due to the movement of the ground. The main purpose of Shear wall is to counter the lateral forces acting on the structure and it act as a vertical cantilever beam. The time history method is used for nonlinear dynamic analysis. The nonlinear time history analysis is conducted on four different model using CSI ETABS19, several values of all four models were found out from Structure. IS:1893-2016 guidelines are used for the time history analysis of four model of G+15 storey. Hence, total four models are used to analyse the dynamic response of the building. The result of, story displacement, story drift, storey shear, storey overturning moment and base shear are calculated and compared for all four models. Keywords: RC frame, shear wall, seismic damage, nonlinear time history analysis, dynamic analysis, ETABS
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Shi, Changzheng, Lei Hu, He-Gao Wu, Qi-Ling Zhang, and Kai Su. "Seismic Performance Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Frame-Shear Wall Structures in Hydropower Plants Based on Material Damage." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (September 10, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6198594.
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For the reinforced concrete frame-shear wall (RCF-SW) structures in hydropower plants (HPs), the tensile cracking and compressive crushing of the reinforced concrete (RC) members are considered as the main potential damage. This paper presents a methodology to assess the seismic performance of RCF-SW structures. In this methodology, a concrete damage plasticity model is employed to simulate the reinforced concrete, and the structural seismic responses are investigated through nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis (IDA). Several engineering demand parameters (EDPs) based on the material damage are proposed to identify the structural engineering limit states and damage states at the member level. The case of x HP is provided as an example to illustrate the methodology and discuss the probable nonlinear response and structural damage state. The concrete damage evolution, reinforcement stresses, and drift ratios of the RCF-SW structure are presented, and the engineering limit states and structural damage states are identified. In comparison with the drift ratio index, the EDPs based on material damage are more suitable for identifying the damage state of the RCF-SW structure, whose damage is controlled by the damage of the RC members.
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Wang, Dan. "Seismic vulnerability analysis of reinforced concrete frame with infill wall considering in-plane and out-of-plane interactions." Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 16, no. 62 (September 22, 2022): 364–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis.62.26.
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The seismic performance of a building hinges on the seismic capacity and damage features of the reinforced concrete (RC) frame with masonry infill walls. To reasonably evaluate the seismic performance and seismic economic loss of masonry infill walls, it is necessary to consider the in-plane (IP) and out-of-plane (OOP) interactions of these walls under seismic actions, and to model the vulnerability of the infill walls and the frame. Based on the test data on masonry infill walls, this paper designs a performance indicator for infill wall in the light of IP-OOP interactions, and determines the response threshold of each damage state. With the aid of OpenSees, the authors developed and verified a reasonable modeling method for RC frames with infill walls. As per the current code in China, a 5-storey RC frame with infill walls was designed, and two three-dimensional (3D) space models were established for the structure by the proposed modeling method. One of them considers IP-OOP interactions, and the other does not. Then, the structure was subjected to incremental dynamic analyses (IDA), and different damage indicators were determined to examine the damage of the infill walls and the overall structure, producing a set of vulnerability curves. The results show that the consideration of IP-OOP interactions significantly increases the probability of seismic damages on the infill walls and the overall structure. The most prominent increase was observed in the medium to serious damage stages.
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Jia, Yigang, Guangyu Wu, Yaxi Zhong, WenGuo Ren, Cheng Yu, and Bao Wan. "Nonlinear Simulation Analysis on Loaded-Bearing Performance of Multistory Infilled R.C. Frame Structure with Openings Under Horizontal Force." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2017.6351.
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The influence of infill walls on the mechanical property of RC frame structures is distinct, the rational lateral stiffness of infilled frame structures and the design method of filler wall which are considered in resistance urgently need to be discussed. A group of single-span single-story infilled frame models (three) are nonlinear simulation analyzed by using ANSYS program, and verify the results of ANSYS by comparing with their experimental results. Then, establish a group of single-span three-stories infilled frame models (seven) with different opening sizes and different opening locations to simulate and analyze the lateral performance of multistory infilled frame structure with openings. And the following conclusions are drawn: the frame beam is in the unfavorable condition of “short beam sheared” with the existence of the openings in up and down stories; the lower the location of story is, the bigger the lateral stiffness of infilled frame is, and the quicker the degradation speed of stiffness is and so on.
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Dongare, Trupti, and Preeti Kulkarni. "Response Reduction Factor for Lateral Load Resisting Frames with Vertical Discontinuity of Asymmetrical Structure." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1197, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1197/1/012005.
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Abstract In recent times, the RC building construction with vertical discontinuity that is floating column structures are unavoidable feature and increases trends day by day. To reduce lateral forces the earthquake resistance structures are designed so the response reduction factor (R) is used to determine these lateral forces by using base shear values. The R factor depends upon the overstrength factor, ductility factor, redundancy factor also the sizes of columns, types of soil, zones and load transferring path, etc. The IS code provides response reduction factor only for OMRF and SMRF along with other structures like Braced frame system, Structural wall system, Dual system, Flat slab structure wall system, etc. so there are no codal provisions for floating column structures. Thus it is essential to study the real behaviours of RC buildings with discontinuity in load transferring path through non-linear static analysis, so the present research work is done on trying to find R factor for vertical discontinuous asymmetrical structure for different soil conditions and different positions of floating column using moment resisting frames. And the structure is analyzed by response spectrum analysis and non-linear static analysis using SAP2000 software.
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Gao, Ming. "Seismic Damage Analysis and the Study of Reinforcement Measures for RC Frame Structure Building in Civil Engineering." Advanced Materials Research 568 (September 2012): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.568.85.
Full textAbstract:
In 5·12 Wenchuan earthquake, most of the buildings were damaged at different degrees in Mianyang. To analysis seismic damage of RC frame structure building, and investigate its reinforcement situation，the results show that: For destruction of frame column or bottom frame structure column, enlarge section method is used mostly for reinforcement in civil engineering；To serious damage of affiliated structure such as filler wall and Parapet, most of them will be demolished and built again, and add constructional column; To the situation of concrete bottom plate with crack, paste carbon fiber sheet or bottom plant steel was used depending on the structural damage degree, and jet concrete for strengthening.
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Han, Jun, Ying Min Li, Wei Xian Chen, Wei Jiang, and Wei Zhao. "Verification of Adjustment Method of Design Seismic Shear Force of the Frame in RC Frame-Shear Wall Structure." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 1736–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.1736.
Full textAbstract:
Reinforced concrete frame-shear wall structure is a double resistance to lateral force system, in which the frames and shear walls work cooperatively and the distributive rule of the earthquake force varies with different earthquake actions. To ensure the frames bear the increasing earthquake shear force and play a role of second defense line due to the internal force re-distribution after the stiffness degradation of shear walls, the elastic design earthquake shear force of the frames should be adjusted. However the adjustment measures applied in Chinese code are proposed according to the design experiences of engineers and lack of the theoretical and computational analytical basis. Moreover, there is a dispute about ignoring the rule of the shear force redistribution along storey or not, it is necessary to further evaluate the rationality of the measures in the code. In this paper, based on a 3-D precise nonlinear frame-shear wall structure analysis model, the re-distributive rule of the internal force under strong earthquake was studied and the adjustment measures of earthquake force in the frames were checked. Finally, some design suggestions were proposed.