Journal articles: 'RBF'

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Ullah, Zakir, Martin S. Buckley, David N. Arnosti, and R. William Henry. "Retinoblastoma Protein Regulation by the COP9 Signalosome." Molecular Biology of the Cell 18, no. 4 (April 2007): 1179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e06-09-0790.

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Similar to their human counterparts, the Drosophila Rbf1 and Rbf2 Retinoblastoma family members control cell cycle and developmentally regulated gene expression. Increasing evidence suggests that Rbf proteins rely on multiprotein complexes to control target gene transcription. We show here that the developmentally regulated COP9 signalosome (CSN) physically interacts with Rbf2 during embryogenesis. Furthermore, the CSN4 subunit of the COP9 signalosome co-occupies Rbf target gene promoters with Rbf1 and Rbf2, suggesting an active role for the COP9 signalosome in transcriptional regulation. The targeted knockdown of individual CSN subunits leads to diminished Rbf1 and Rbf2 levels and to altered cell cycle progression. The proteasome-mediated destruction of Rbf1 and Rbf2 is increased in cells and embryos with diminished COP9 activity, suggesting that the COP9 signalosome protects Rbf proteins during embryogenesis. Previous evidence has linked gene activation to protein turnover via the promoter-associated proteasome. Our findings suggest that Rbf repression may similarly involve the proteasome and the promoter-associated COP9 signalosome, serving to extend Rbf protein lifespan and enable appropriate programs of retinoblastoma gene control during development.

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Arzanlou, Mahdi, Somayeh Mousavi, Mounes Bakhshi, Reza Khakvar, and Ali Bandehagh. "Inhibitory effects of antagonistic bacteria inhabiting the rhizosphere of the sugarbeet plants, on Cercospora beticola Sacc., the causal agent of Cercospora leaf spot disease on sugarbeet." Journal of Plant Protection Research 56, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jppr-2016-0002.

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AbstractIn the present study, the antagonistic capability of bacterial agents inhabiting the rhizosphere of sugarbeet plants were evaluated against Cercospora beticola Sacc. under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. After preliminary screening using the dual culture method, 14 strains with higher antagonistic capability were selected for further inhibitory assays against C. beticola. Bacterial strains were identified based on the sequence data of the small subunit-rDNA (SSU-rDNA) gene. Based on the SSU sequence data, the identity of bacterial strains were determined as Bacillus (10 strains: RB1, RB2, RB3, RB4, RB5, RB6, RB7, RB8, RB9, RB10), Paenibacillus (two strains: RP1, RP2), Enterobacter (one strain: RE), and Pseudomonas (one strain: RPs). The results obtained in this study showed that in all of the assays (dual culture, volatile and non-volatile metabolites) bacterial antagonists significantly inhibited the growth of C. beticola compared to the control. Bacillus (RB2) showed the highest inhibition rate on C. beticola in all of the assays. Based on the results of the laboratory assays, three bacterial strains RB2 (Bacillus), RPs (Pseudomonas), and RE (Paenibacillus) were selected for greenhouse assays. The experiment was designed based on a completely randomised design (CRD) with the application of antagonists prior to, simultaneously, and after inoculation with C. beticola on sugarbeet leaves. The reduction in disease severity was evaluated seven days after inoculation. The results of greenhouse assays were consistent with the results of laboratory studies. The obtained results showed that bacterial antagonists significantly reduced the disease severity when compared to the control.

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Dvoryanova, E. M., I. M. Kondratyuk, and I. K. Garkushin. "Investigation of the RbF-RbCl-RbBr and RbF-RbCl-RbI ternary systems." Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 53, no. 7 (July 2008): 1144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036023608070279.

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Taylor-Harding, Barbie, Ulrich K. Binné, Michael Korenjak, Alexander Brehm, and Nicholas J. Dyson. "p55, the Drosophila Ortholog of RbAp46/RbAp48, Is Required for the Repression of dE2F2/RBF-Regulated Genes." Molecular and Cellular Biology 24, no. 20 (October 15, 2004): 9124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.24.20.9124-9136.2004.

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ABSTRACT Many proteins have been proposed to be involved in retinoblastoma protein (pRB)-mediated repression, but it is largely uncertain which cofactors are essential for pRB to repress endogenous E2F-regulated promoters. Here we have taken advantage of the stream-lined Drosophila dE2F/RBF pathway, which has only two E2Fs (dE2F1 and dE2F2), and two pRB family members (RBF1 and RBF2). With RNA interference (RNAi), we depleted potential corepressors and looked for the elevated expression of groups of E2F target genes that are known to be directly regulated by RBF1 and RBF2. Previous studies have implicated histone deacetylase (HDAC) and SWI/SNF chromatin-modifying complexes in pRB-mediated repression. However, our results fail to support the idea that the SWI/SNF proteins are required for RBF-mediated repression and suggest that a requirement for HDAC activities is likely to be limited to a subset of targets. We found that the chromatin assembly factor p55/dCAF-1 is essential for the repression of dE2F2-regulated targets. The removal of p55 deregulated the expression of E2F targets that are normally repressed by dE2F2/RBF1 and dE2F2/RBF2 complexes in a cell cycle-independent manner but had no effect on the expression of E2F targets that are normally coupled with cell proliferation. The results indicate that the mechanisms of RBF regulation at these two types of E2F targets are different and suggest that p55, and perhaps p55's mammalian orthologs RbAp46 and RbAp48, have a conserved function in repression by pRB-related proteins.

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Yimin, Ding, Wu Ping, Liu Xu, and Zhang Tingting. "The phase diagram of the RbF–RbI system." Thermochimica Acta 472, no. 1-2 (June 2008): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2008.03.014.

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Nakanishi, Rafael, Filipe Nascimento, Rafael Campos, Paulo Pagliosa, and Afonso Paiva. "RBF liquids." ACM Transactions on Graphics 39, no. 6 (November 26, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3414685.3417794.

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7

Wu, Yuhui, Xinzhi Zhou, Li Zhao, Chenlong Dong, and Hailin Wang. "A Method for Reconstruction of Boiler Combustion Temperature Field Based on Acoustic Tomography." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (September 2, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9922698.

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Acoustic tomography (AT), as a noninvasive temperature measurement method, can achieve temperature field measurement in harsh environments. In order to achieve the measurement of the temperature distribution in the furnace and improve the accuracy of AT reconstruction, a temperature field reconstruction algorithm based on the radial basis function (RBF) interpolation method optimized by the evaluation function (EF-RBFI for short) is proposed. Based on a small amount of temperature data obtained by the least square method (LSM), the RBF is used for interpolation. And, the functional relationship between the parameter of RBF and the root-mean-square (RMS) error of the reconstruction results is established in this paper, which serves as the objective function for the effect evaluation, so as to determine the optimal parameter of RBF. The detailed temperature description of the entire measured temperature field is finally established. Through the reconstruction of three different types of temperature fields provided by Dongfang Boiler Works, the results and error analysis show that the EF-RBFI algorithm can describe the temperature distribution information of the measured combustion area globally and is able to reconstruct the temperature field with high precision.

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Zhang, Ming, Maya R. Sternberg, Lorraine F. Yeung, and Christine M. Pfeiffer. "Population RBC folate concentrations can be accurately estimated from measured whole blood folate, measured hemoglobin, and predicted serum folate—cross-sectional data from the NHANES 1988–2010." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 111, no. 3 (December 20, 2019): 601–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz307.

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ABSTRACT Background RBC folate (RBF) is an indicator of folate status and risk of neural-tube defects. It is calculated from whole blood folate (WBF), serum folate (SFOL), and hematocrit (Hct). SFOL and/or Hct are sometimes unavailable; hemoglobin (Hb) is generally available in surveys. Objectives We assessed the ability of different RBF approximations to generate population data in women aged 12–49 y. Methods Using SFOL, RBF, Hct, Hb, and mean corpuscular Hb content (MCHC) from prefortification (1988–1994) and postfortification (1999–2006, 2007–2010) NHANES we applied 6 approaches: #1) assume SFOL = 0; #2) impute SFOL (population median); #3) impute Hct (population median); #4) estimate Hct (Hb/MCHC); #5) assume SFOL = 0 and estimate Hct; and #6) predict SFOL (from WBF) and estimate Hct. For each approach, we calculated the paired percentage difference to the “true” RBF and estimated various statistics. Results For 2007–2010 (unweighted data), the median relative difference from “true” RBF was lowest for approaches #2 (−0.74%), #4 (−0.96%), and #6 (−1.15%), intermediate for #3 (−3.36%), and highest for #5 (4.96%) and #1 (5.78%). The 95% agreement limits were smallest for approach #1 (2.33%, 13.0%) and largest for #3 (−20.8%, 11.3%). Approach #2 showed concentration-dependence (negative compared with positive differences at low compared with high RBF). Using weighted data, we found similar patterns across approaches for mean relative differences by demographic subgroup for all 3 time periods. Conclusions We obtained the best agreement between estimated and “true” RBF when we predicted SFOL using a regression equation obtained from a subset of samples (approach #6). Alternatively, the consistent overestimation of RBF when assuming SFOL = 0 (∼6%) could be addressed by adjusting the data (approach #5). Similar observations for pre- and postfortification periods suggest applicability to low and high folate status situations, but should be confirmed elsewhere. To estimate RBF, at least WBF and Hb are needed.

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Zhang, Min-Ling. "Ml-rbf: RBF Neural Networks for Multi-Label Learning." Neural Processing Letters 29, no. 2 (February 10, 2009): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11063-009-9095-3.

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10

Stepto, R. F. T. "Gel-gel reaction in RAf and RA2+RBf polymerisations." Polymer Bulletin 24, no. 1 (July 1990): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00298321.

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11

Babu, N. S. C., and V. C. Prasad. "Radial Basis Function Networks for Analog Circuit Fault Isolation." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 07, no. 06 (December 1997): 643–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126697000462.

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The application of a radial basis function neural network (RBFN) for analog circuit fault isolation is presented. In this method the RBFN replaces the fault dictionary of analog circuits. The proposed method for analog circuit fault isolation takes the advantage of extremely fast training of RBFN compared to earlier neural network methods. A method is suggested to select centers and widths of RBF units. This selection procedure accounts for the component tolerances. The effectiveness of the RBFN for the fault isolation problem is demonstrated with an illustrative example. RBFN performed well even when the input patterns are drawn directly from the test node voltages of the analog circuit under consideration. A method is suggested to modify the RBF network in the event of occurrence of a new fault. The suggested modifications do not affect the previous training.

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Hoori, Ammar O., and Yuichi Motai. "Multicolumn RBF Network." IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems 29, no. 4 (April 2018): 766–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2017.2650865.

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Dash, Ch Sanjeev Kumar, Ajit Kumar Behera, Satchidananda Dehuri, and Sung-Bae Cho. "Radial basis function neural networks: a topical state-of-the-art survey." Open Computer Science 6, no. 1 (May 2, 2016): 33–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/comp-2016-0005.

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AbstractRadial basis function networks (RBFNs) have gained widespread appeal amongst researchers and have shown good performance in a variety of application domains. They have potential for hybridization and demonstrate some interesting emergent behaviors. This paper aims to offer a compendious and sensible survey on RBF networks. The advantages they offer, such as fast training and global approximation capability with local responses, are attracting many researchers to use them in diversified fields. The overall algorithmic development of RBF networks by giving special focus on their learning methods, novel kernels, and fine tuning of kernel parameters have been discussed. In addition, we have considered the recent research work on optimization of multi-criterions in RBF networks and a range of indicative application areas along with some open source RBFN tools.

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Yu, Chulin, Youqiang Wang, Haiqing Zhang, Bingjun Gao, and Yin He. "Thermal-hydraulic performance prediction of two new heat exchangers using RBF based on different DOE." Open Physics 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 285–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2021-0017.

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Abstract Thermal performance prediction with high precision and low cost is always the need for designers of heat exchangers. Three typical design of experiments (DOE) known as Taguchi design method (TDM), Uniform design method (UDM), and Response surface method (RSM) are commonly used to reduce experimental cost. The radial basis function artificial neural network (RBF) based on different DOE is used to predict the thermal performance of two new parallel-flow shell and tube heat exchangers. The applicability and expense of ten different prediction methods (RBF + TDML9, RBF + TDML18, RBF + UDM, RBF + TDML9 + UDM, RBF + TDML18 + UDM, RBF + RSM, RBF + RSM + TDML9, RBF + RSM + TDML18, RBF + RSM + UDM, RSM) are discussed. The results show that the RBF + RSM is a very efficient method for the precise prediction of thermal-hydraulic performance: the minimum error is 2.17% for Nu and 5.30% for f. For RBF, it is not true that the more of train data, the more precision of the prediction. The parameter “spread” of RBF should be adjusted to optimize the prediction results. The prediction using RSM only can also obtain a good balance between precision and time cost with a maximum prediction error of 14.52%.

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Cue, David, Mei G. Lei, Thanh T. Luong, Lisa Kuechenmeister, Paul M. Dunman, Sinead O'Donnell, Sarah Rowe, James P. O'Gara, and Chia Y. Lee. "Rbf Promotes Biofilm Formation by Staphylococcus aureus via Repression of icaR, a Negative Regulator of icaADBC." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 20 (August 14, 2009): 6363–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00913-09.

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ABSTRACT We previously reported the identification of a gene, rbf, involved in the regulation of biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus 8325-4. In an effort to study the mechanism of regulation, microarrays were used to compare the transcription profiles of the wild-type strain with an rbf mutant and an rbf overexpression strain of the clinical isolate UAMS-1. Among the genes affected by rbf overexpression are those of the intercellular adhesion (ica) locus; however, expression of these genes was not affected by an rbf deletion in the chromosome. The icaADBC genes are responsible for production of poly-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG), a major constituent of biofilm. The icaR gene encodes a negative regulator of icaADBC. In UAMS-1 carrying an Rbf-encoding plasmid, Rbf was found to repress icaR transcription with a concomitant increase in icaADBC expression and increased PNAG and biofilm production relative to isogenic strains lacking the plasmid. Sequencing of the rbf gene from UAMS-1 showed that there was a 2-bp insertion affecting the 50th codon of the rbf open reading frame, suggesting that rbf is a pseudogene in UAMS-1. This finding explains why deletion of rbf had no effect on biofilm formation in UAMS-1. To further characterize the Rbf regulation on biofilm we compared biofilm formation, icaA and icaR transcription, and PNAG production in 8325-4 and its isogenic rbf and icaR single mutants and an rbf icaR double mutant. Our results are consistent with a model wherein rbf represses synthesis of icaR, which in turn results in derepression of icaADBC and increased PNAG production. Furthermore, purified rbf did not bind to the icaR or icaA promoter region, suggesting that rbf controls expression of an unknown factor(s) that represses icaR. The role of rbf in controlling the S. aureus biofilm phenotype was further demonstrated in a clinical strain, MW2.

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Paul, Abhisek, Paritosh Bhattacharya, and Santi Prasad Maity. "Eigen Value and It′s Comparison with Gaussian RBF, Multi-Quadratic RBF and Inverse Multi-Quadratic RBF Methods." Information Sciences Letters 3, no. 2 (May 1, 2014): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12785/isl/030205.

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Ebtehaj, Isa, Hossein Bonakdari, and Amir Hossein Zaji. "An expert system with radial basis function neural network based on decision trees for predicting sediment transport in sewers." Water Science and Technology 74, no. 1 (April 22, 2016): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.174.

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In this study, an expert system with a radial basis function neural network (RBF-NN) based on decision trees (DT) is designed to predict sediment transport in sewer pipes at the limit of deposition. First, sensitivity analysis is carried out to investigate the effect of each parameter on predicting the densimetric Froude number (Fr). The results indicate that utilizing the ratio of the median particle diameter to pipe diameter (d/D), ratio of median particle diameter to hydraulic radius (d/R) and volumetric sediment concentration (CV) as the input combination leads to the best Fr prediction. Subsequently, the new hybrid DT-RBF method is presented. The results of DT-RBF are compared with RBF and RBF-particle swarm optimization (PSO), which uses PSO for RBF training. It appears that DT-RBF is more accurate (R2 = 0.934, MARE = 0.103, RMSE = 0.527, SI = 0.13, BIAS = −0.071) than the two other RBF methods. Moreover, the proposed DT-RBF model offers explicit expressions for use by practicing engineers.

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Rowe, Sarah E., Christopher Campbell, Colm Lowry, Sinead T. O'Donnell, Michael E. Olson, Jill K. Lindgren, Elaine M. Waters, Paul D. Fey, and James P. O'Gara. "AraC-Type Regulator Rbf Controls the Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilm Phenotype by Negatively Regulating theicaADBCRepressor SarR." Journal of Bacteriology 198, no. 21 (August 8, 2016): 2914–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00374-16.

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ABSTRACTRegulation oficaADBC-encoded polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA)/poly-N-acetylglucosasmine (PNAG) production in staphylococci plays an important role in biofilm-associated medical-device-related infections. Here, we report that the AraC-type transcriptional regulator Rbf activatesicaADBCoperon transcription and PIA production inStaphylococcus epidermidis. Purified recombinant Rbf did not bind to theicaoperon promoter region in electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs), indicating that Rbf regulatesicatranscription indirectly. To identify the putative transcription factor(s) involved in Rbf-mediatedicaADBCregulation, the ability of recombinant Rbf to interact with the promoter sequences of knownicaADBCregulators was investigated. Recombinant Rbf bound to thesarRpromoter and not thesarX,sarA,sarZ,spx, andsrrApromoters. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR demonstrated that Rbf acts as a repressor ofsarRtranscription. PIA expression and biofilm production were restored to wild-type levels in anrbf sarRdouble mutant grown in brain heart infusion (BHI) medium supplemented with NaCl, which is known to activate theicalocus, but not in BHI medium alone. RT-PCR further demonstrated that although Rbf does not bind thesarXpromoter, it nevertheless exerted a negative effect onsarXexpression. Apparently, direct downregulation of the SarR repressor by Rbf has a dominant effect over indirect repression of the SarX activator by Rbf in the control ofS. epidermidisPIA production and biofilm formation.IMPORTANCEThe importance ofStaphylococcus epidermidisas an opportunistic pathogen in hospital patients with implanted medical devices derives largely from its capacity to form biofilm. Expression of theicaADBC-encoded extracellular polysaccharide is the predominant biofilm mechanism inS. epidermidisclinical isolates and is tightly regulated. Here, we report that the transcriptional regulator Rbf promotesicaADBCexpression by negatively regulating expression ofsarR, which encodes anicaoperon repressor. Furthermore, Rbf indirectly represses theicaoperon activator, SarX. The data reveal complicated interplay between Rbf and two Sar family proteins in fine-tuning regulation of the biofilm phenotype and indicate that in the hierarchy of biofilm regulators, IcaR is dominant over the Rbf-SarR-SarX axis.

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Luan, Tiantian, Mingxiao Sun, Guoqing Xia, and Daidai Chen. "Evaluation for Sortie Generation Capacity of the Carrier Aircraft Based on the Variable Structure RBF Neural Network with the Fast Learning Rate." Complexity 2018 (October 22, 2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6950124.

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The neural network has the advantages of self-learning, self-adaptation, and fault tolerance. It can establish a qualitative and quantitative evaluation model which is closer to human thought patterns. However, the structure and the convergence rate of the radial basis function (RBF) neural network need to be improved. This paper proposes a new variable structure radial basis function (VS-RBF) with a fast learning rate, in order to solve the problem of structural optimization design and parameter learning algorithm for the radial basis function neural network. The number of neurons in the hidden layer is adjusted by calculating the output information of neurons in the hidden layer and the multi-information between neurons in the hidden layer and output layer. This method effectively solves the problem that the RBF neural network structure is too large or too small. The convergence rate of the RBF neural network is improved by using the robust regression algorithm and the fast learning rate algorithm. At the same time, the convergence analysis of the VS-RBF neural network is given to ensure the stability of the RBF neural network. Compared with other self-organizing RBF neural networks (self-organizing RBF (SORBF) and rough RBF neural networks (RS-RBF)), VS-RBF has a more compact structure, faster dynamic response speed, and better generalization ability. The simulations of approximating a typical nonlinear function, identifying UCI datasets, and evaluating sortie generation capacity of an carrier aircraft show the effectiveness of VS-RBF.

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Li, Hai, Hu Ren, Yangzi Zhou, Yan Zhang, Lei Cao, and Wenbo Xu. "HRSV prefusion-F protein with Adju-Phos adjuvant induces long-lasting Th2-biased immunity in mice." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): e0262231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262231.

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The development of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) vaccine has been hampered by the risk of enhanced respiratory disease (ERD) which was induced by highly skewed toward Th2 immune response. In our previous study, we expressed the recombinant pre-F protein using Escherichia coli BL21, called RBF. To verify if the RBF protein could cause ERD, we tested the immunogenicity and safety of RBF with a commercial alum adjuvant (GMP-grade Adju-Phos). RBF alone and RBF/Adju-Phos elicited long-lasting protective antibodies and a cellular immune response in mice after three immunizations. Unfortunately, compared with the mice in RBF group, mice in RBF/Adju-Phos generated a serious Th2 humoral immune response that elicited Th2-mediated lung pathology. From the IL-4+:IFNγ+ ratio, there was also a robust Th2 cellullar immunologic response in the RBF/Adju-Phos group. This study demonstrates that it may not be enough for RBF to increase the titer of neutralizing antibodies. A balanced immune response must be induced for hRSV vaccine safety.

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Kitashiro, S., T. Iwasaka, T. Sugiura, Y. Takayama, T. Tamura, K. Tamura, and M. Inada. "Monitoring urine oxygen tension during acute change in cardiac output in dogs." Journal of Applied Physiology 79, no. 1 (July 1, 1995): 202–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.79.1.202.

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To evaluate whether renal blood flow (RBF) can be monitored during acute change in cardiac index, ureter urine oxygen tension (PuO2) and bladder urine oxygen tension (PbO2) were measured in six mongrel dogs. PuO2, cardiac index, and RBF increased after dobutamine infusion and decreased after propranolol infusion. PuO2 had an excellent correlation with RBF (r = 0.94) and a fair correlation with cardiac index (r = 0.50) and mean blood pressure (r = 0.56); RBF had a fair correlation with mean blood pressure (r = 0.52, P < 0.05) but was not related to cardiac index. With multiple-regression analysis, PuO2 was found to be the significant factor related to RBF. PbO2 had a good correlation with PuO2 (r = 0.94) at control levels. Furthermore, when two dogs were added to evaluate relationships among PbO2, PuO2, and RBF, PbO2 had an excellent correlation with PuO2 (r = 0.92) and RBF (r = 0.91). These data indicate that PuO2 is a more sensitive predictor of RBF than cardiac index and mean blood pressure and that PbO2 can be a noninvasive indicator reflecting RBF during acute circulatory change in dogs.

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Sakamoto, T., A. Iwai, and W. W. Monafo. "Regional blood flow in transected rat spinal cord during hypothermia." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 259, no. 6 (December 1, 1990): H1649—H1654. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1990.259.6.h1649.

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Regional blood flow (RBF) increases in the spinal cord and sciatic nerve of acutely hypothermic rats. To determine whether cord transection affects this response, we measured RBF in rat spinal cord and sciatic nerve 2 h after cord transection at vertebrae T8 (n = 18 rats) and T11 (n = 18 rats) using [14C]butanol distribution. Nine in each group were normothermic controls. In T11 transection-hypothermia (25-27 degrees C rectal temperature), RBF increased in the three rostral cord segments by 28-40% (P less than 0.05); caudally, cord RBF was depressed in two segments (P less than 0.05), unchanged in the other; RBF fell in nerve (P less than 0.05). In T8 transection-hypothermia, RBF was unchanged in the two rostral cord segments; caudally, RBF was depressed in one cord segment (P less than 0.05) and unchanged in the others; RBF was unchanged in nerve. We conclude that RBF does not rise in caudal spinal cord segments or in sciatic nerve during hypothermia in rats with prior spinal cord transection.

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Ruggiero, Carlos. "A RBF em 2015." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 36, no. 3 (September 2014): iii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-2945-36-33/13.

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Garkushin, I. K., E. I. Frolov, and V. I. Syrova. "System RbF–RbBr–Rb2SO4." Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 63, no. 5 (May 2018): 670–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036023618050182.

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Li, Manyi, Falai Chen, Wenping Wang, and Changhe Tu. "Sparse RBF surface representations." Computer Aided Geometric Design 48 (November 2016): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cagd.2016.08.001.

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Hangelbroek, T. "On local RBF approximation." Advances in Computational Mathematics 37, no. 2 (September 23, 2011): 285–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10444-011-9212-5.

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Šorel, Michal, and Jiřı́ Šı́ma. "Robust RBF finite automata." Neurocomputing 62 (December 2004): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2003.12.005.

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Ruggiero, Carlos, and William Natale. "A RBF em 2014." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 35, no. 4 (December 2013): iii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452013000400002.

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Sohn, I., and N. Ansari. "Configuring RBF neural networks." Electronics Letters 34, no. 7 (1998): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19980469.

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Wang, Ke, Ligang Cheng, and Bin Yong. "Spectral-Similarity-Based Kernel of SVM for Hyperspectral Image Classification." Remote Sensing 12, no. 13 (July 6, 2020): 2154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12132154.

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Spectral similarity measures can be regarded as potential metrics for kernel functions, and can be used to generate spectral-similarity-based kernels. However, spectral-similarity-based kernels have not received significant attention from researchers. In this paper, we propose two novel spectral-similarity-based kernels based on spectral angle mapper (SAM) and spectral information divergence (SID) combined with the radial basis function (RBF) kernel: Power spectral angle mapper RBF (Power-SAM-RBF) and normalized spectral information divergence-based RBF (Normalized-SID-RBF) kernels. First, we prove these spectral-similarity-based kernels to be Mercer’s kernels. Second, we analyze their efficiency in terms of local and global kernels. Finally, we consider three hyperspectral datasets to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed spectral-similarity-based kernels. Experimental results demonstrate that the Power-SAM-RBF and SAM-RBF kernels can obtain an impressive performance, particularly the Power-SAM-RBF kernel. For example, when the ratio of the training set is 20 % , the kappa coefficient of Power-SAM-RBF kernel (0.8561) is 1.61 % , 1.32 % , and 1.23 % higher than that of the RBF kernel on the Indian Pines, University of Pavia, and Salinas Valley datasets, respectively. We present three conclusions. First, the superiority of the Power-SAM-RBF kernel compared to other kernels is evident. Second, the Power-SAM-RBF kernel can provide an outstanding performance when the similarity between spectral signatures in the same hyperspectral dataset is either extremely high or extremely low. Third, the Power-SAM-RBF kernel provides even greater benefits compared to other commonly used kernels when the sizes of the training sets increase. In future work, multiple kernels combining with the spectral-similarity-based kernel are expected to be provide better hyperspectral classification.

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Chinkhumba, Jobiba, Manuela De Allegri, Stephan Brenner, Adamson Muula, and Bjarne Robberstad. "The cost-effectiveness of using results-based financing to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality in Malawi." BMJ Global Health 5, no. 5 (May 2020): e002260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002260.

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IntroductionResults-based financing (RBF) is being promoted to increase coverage and quality of maternal and perinatal healthcare in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Evidence on the cost-effectiveness of RBF is limited. We assessed the cost-effectiveness within the context of an RBF intervention, including performance-based financing and conditional cash transfers, in rural Malawi.MethodsWe used a decision tree model to estimate expected costs and effects of RBF compared with status quo care during single pregnancy episodes. RBF effects on maternal case fatality rates were modelled based on data from a maternal and perinatal programme evaluation in Zambia and Uganda. We obtained complementary epidemiological information from the published literature. Service utilisation rates for normal and complicated deliveries and associated costs of care were based on the RBF intervention in Malawi. Costs were estimated from a societal perspective. We estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios per disability adjusted life year (DALY) averted, death averted and life-year gained (LYG) and conducted sensitivity analyses to how robust results were to variations in key model parameters.ResultsRelative to status quo, RBF implied incremental costs of US$1122, US$26 220 and US$987 per additional DALY averted, death averted and LYG, respectively. The share of non-RBF facilities that provide quality care, life expectancy of mothers at time of delivery and the share of births in non-RBF facilities strongly influenced cost-effectiveness values. At a willingness to pay of US$1485 (3 times Malawi gross domestic product per capita) per DALY averted, RBF has a 77% probability of being cost-effective.ConclusionsAt high thresholds of wiliness-to-pay, RBF is a cost-effective intervention to improve quality of maternal and perinatal healthcare and outcomes, compared with the non-RBF based approach. More RBF cost-effectiveness analyses are needed in the SSA region to complement the few published studies and narrow the uncertainties surrounding cost-effectiveness estimates.

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Gao, Feng, and Chunmei Chi. "Solution of Boundary Value Obstacle Problems Using MQ-RBF and IMQ-RBF." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/490639.

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A kind of numerical method which is based on multiquadric RBF, inverse multiquadric RBF, and Wu-Schaback operators is presented for solving second-order and third-order boundary value problems associated with obstacle, unilateral, and contact problems. The algorithms are proved to be highly accurate and easy to implement. Some numerical tests are also presented to show the efficiency of the algorithms.

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Beierwaltes, W. H., D. H. Sigmon, and O. A. Carretero. "Endothelium modulates renal blood flow but not autoregulation." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 262, no. 6 (June 1, 1992): F943—F949. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1992.262.6.f943.

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Inhibition of the production of the endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) nitric oxide using N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) increases blood pressure (BP) and decreases renal blood flow (RBF), suggesting that basal EDRF can modulate both systemic resistance and renal perfusion. We tested whether L-NAME inhibition of EDRF could also change the autoregulation of RBF. Blood pressure and RBF were measured in Inactin-anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. A bolus of 10 mg/kg body wt of L-NAME produced the maximum pressor response (23 +/- 3 mmHg) and blocked acetylcholine-induced renal vasodilation. In control rats, sequential changes in renal perfusion pressure showed that RBF was well autoregulated down to 95 +/- 2 mmHg. L-NAME increased BP, decreased RBF by 33% (P less than 0.005), and increased renal vascular resistance twofold. Although RBF was decreased, the kidney was still able to autoregulate RBF, although reset around the lower flow. Acute hypertension by carotid occlusion and vagotomy increased BP by 26 +/- 6 mmHg (P less than 0.005) and slightly increased RBF, while autoregulation was maintained. The pressor response to L-NAME was amplified to 38 +/- 6 mmHg (P less than 0.001), but RBF decreased by 35% (P less than 0.01). Autoregulation of RBF was maintained, although reset around the lower flow. We conclude that, although endothelial EDRF production may help maintain RBF, it does not seem to mediate the intrinsic autoregulatory responses of the renal vasculature to altered renal perfusion pressure.

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Malpas, Simon C., Roger G. Evans, Geoff A. Head, and Elena V. Lukoshkova. "Contribution of renal nerves to renal blood flow variability during hemorrhage." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 274, no. 5 (May 1, 1998): R1283—R1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1998.274.5.r1283.

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We have examined the role of the renal sympathetic nerves in the renal blood flow (RBF) response to hemorrhage in seven conscious rabbits. Hemorrhage was produced by blood withdrawal at 1.35 ml ⋅ min−1 ⋅ kg−1for 20 min while RBF and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) were simultaneously measured. Hemorrhage was associated with a gradual increase in RSNA and decrease in RBF from the 4th min. In seven denervated animals, the resting RBF before hemorrhage was significantly greater (48 ± 1 vs. 31 ± 1 ml/min intact), and the decrease in RBF did not occur until arterial pressure also began to fall (8th min); however, the overall percentage change in RBF by 20 min of blood withdrawal was similar. Spectral analysis was used to identify the nature of the oscillations in each variable. Before hemorrhage, a rhythm at ∼0.3 Hz was observed in RSNA, although not in RBF, whose spectrogram was composed mostly of lower-frequency (<0.25 Hz) components. The denervated group of rabbits had similar frequency spectrums for RBF before hemorrhage. RSNA played a role in dampening the effect of oscillations in arterial pressure on RBF as the transfer gain between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and RBF for frequencies >0.25 Hz was significantly less in intact than denervated rabbits (0.83 ± 0.12 vs. 1.19 ± 0.10 ml ⋅ min−1 ⋅ mmHg−1). Furthermore, the coherence between MAP and RBF was also significantly higher in denervated rabbits, suggesting tighter coupling between the two variables in the absence of RSNA. Before the onset of significant decreases in arterial pressure (up to 10 min), there was an increase in the strength of oscillations centered around 0.3 Hz in RSNA. These were accompanied by increases in the spectral power of RBF at the same frequency. As arterial pressure fell in both groups of animals, the dominant rhythm to emerge in RBF was centered between 0.15 and 0.20 Hz and was present in intact and denervated rabbits. It is speculated that this is myogenic in origin. We conclude that RSNA can induce oscillations in RBF at 0.3 Hz, plays a significant role in altering the effect of oscillations in arterial pressure on RBF, and mediates a proportion of renal vasoconstriction during hemorrhage in conscious rabbits.

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Geliukh, Evgenia, Dilyara Nabirova, Karapet Davtyan, Svetlana Yesypenko, and Rony Zachariah. "Primary healthcare centers engagement in tuberculosis treatment in Ukraine." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 13, no. 07.1 (July 31, 2019): 83S—88S. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.11292.

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Introduction: We assessed the influence of a result-based financing (RBF) model, which included incentives for Primary Healthcare facilities on TB treatment outcomes. Methodology: We compared TB patients > 17 years and their treatment outcomes among those who did and did not benefit from RBF-model in 14 districts of Odeska oblast, Ukraine in 2017. Log-binomial regression was used to examine factors associated with being included in RBF-model. Results: Of 2,269 reported TB patients, 308 (14%) were included in RBF-model. Most patients in the RBF-model were from rural areas 229 (74%), unemployed 218 (71%), and HIV-infected 131 (43%). Individuals from urban areas (Adjusted risk ratio, ARR =0.9, 95% Confidence Interval, CI:0.89-0.94), having drug-resistant TB (ARR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.18-0.45), and relapse TB (ARR = 0.6, 95% CI:0.40-0.83) were less likely to be included in RBF-model. Favorable outcomes in new/relapse cases with RBF-model was 89% compared with 41% (p < 0.001) without RBF. Similarly, for other retreatment this was 83% versus 40% (p < 0.001). Failures in the no-RBF group was 29% for new and relapse cases while for other retreatment cases, it was 26% (significantly higher than in the RBF-model). Conclusion: RBF-model is effective in achieving high levels of favorable TB treatment outcomes. Almost three-in-ten TB patients in non-RBF category failed TB treatment despite having drug-susceptible TB. Efforts are now needed to include it within ongoing public health reforms and assess the feasibility of scaling-up this intervention through implementation research and dedicated funding.

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Dautzenberg, Marcel, Antje Kahnert, Johannes-Peter Stasch, and Armin Just. "Role of soluble guanylate cyclase in renal hemodynamics and autoregulation in the rat." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 307, no. 9 (November 1, 2014): F1003—F1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00229.2014.

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We studied the influence of soluble guanylate (sGC) on renal blood flow (RBF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and RBF autoregulation and its role in mediating the hemodynamic effects of endogenous nitric oxide (NO). Arterial pressure (AP), heart rate (HR), RBF, GFR, urine flow (UV), and the efficiency and mechanisms of RBF autoregulation were studied in anesthetized rats during intravenous infusion of sGC activator cinaciguat before and (except GFR) also after inhibition of NO synthase (NOS) by Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. Cinaciguat (0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 10 μg·kg−1·min−1, n = 7) reduced AP and increased HR, but did not significantly alter RBF. In clearance experiments (FITC-sinistrin, n = 7) GFR was not significantly altered by cinaciguat (0.1 and 1 μg·kg−1·min−1), but RBF slightly rose (+12%) and filtration fraction (FF) fell (−23%). RBF autoregulatory efficiency (67 vs. 104%) and myogenic response (33 vs. 44 units) were slightly depressed ( n = 9). NOS inhibition ( n = 7) increased AP (+38 mmHg), reduced RBF (−53%), and greatly augmented the myogenic response in RBF autoregulation (97 vs. 35 units), attenuating the other regulatory mechanisms. These changes were reversed by 77, 78, and 90% by 1 μg·kg−1·min−1 cinaciguat. In vehicle controls ( n = 3), in which cinaciguat-induced hypotension was mimicked by aortic compression, the NOS inhibition-induced changes were not affected. We conclude that sGC activation leaves RBF and GFR well maintained despite hypotension and only slightly impairs autoregulation. The ability to largely normalize AP, RBF, RBF autoregulation, and renovascular myogenic response after NOS inhibition indicates that these hemodynamic effects of NO are predominantly mediated via sGC.

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Nishikawa, Yudai, Naoki Takahashi, Sho Nishikawa, Yuki Shimamoto, Kazuhisa Nishimori, Mamiko Kobayashi, Hideki Kimura, et al. "Feasibility of Renal Blood Flow Measurement Using 64Cu-ATSM PET/MRI: A Quantitative PET and MRI Study." Diagnostics 13, no. 10 (May 10, 2023): 1685. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13101685.

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This study aimed to evaluate the renal blood flow (RBF) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) using 64Cu(II)-diacetyl-bis(4-methylthiosemicarbazonate) (64Cu-ATSM) for positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We included five healthy controls (HCs) and ten patients with CKD. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated from the serum creatinine (cr) and cystatin C (cys) levels. The estimated RBF (eRBF) was calculated using the eGFR, hematocrit, and filtration fraction. A single dose of 64Cu-ATSM (300–400 MBq) was administered for RBF evaluation, and a 40 min dynamic PET scan was performed with simultaneous arterial spin labeling (ASL) imaging. PET-RBF images were obtained from the dynamic PET images at 3 min after injection using the image-derived input function method. The mean eRBF values calculated from various eGFR values differed significantly between the patients and HCs; both groups also differed significantly in terms of the RBF values (mL/min/100 g) measured using PET (151 ± 20 vs. 124 ± 22, p < 0.05) and ASL-MRI (172 ± 38 vs. 125 ± 30, p < 0.001). The ASL-MRI-RBF was positively correlated with the eRBFcr-cys (r = 0.858, p < 0.001). The PET-RBF was positively correlated with the eRBFcr-cys (r = 0.893, p < 0.001). The ASL-RBF was positively correlated with the PET-RBF (r = 0.849, p < 0.001). 64Cu-ATSM PET/MRI demonstrated the reliability of PET-RBF and ASL-RBF by comparing them with eRBF. This is the first study to demonstrate that 64Cu-ATSM-PET is useful for assessing the RBF and is well correlated with ASL-MRI.

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Zhu, Jian Min, Peng Du, and Ting Ting Fu. "Research for RBF Neural Networks Modeling Accuracy of Determining the Basis Function Center Based on Clustering Methods." Advanced Materials Research 317-319 (August 2011): 1529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.317-319.1529.

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The radial basis function (RBF) neural network is superior to other neural network on the aspects of approximation ability, classification ability, learning speed and global optimization etc., it has been widely applied as feedforward networks, its performance critically rely on the choice of RBF centers of network hidden layer node. K-means clustering, as a commonly method used on determining RBF center, has low neural network generalization ability, due to its clustering results are not sensitive to initial conditions and ignoring the influence of dependent variable. In view of this problem, fuzzy clustering and grey relational clustering methods are proposed to substitute K-means clustering, RBF center is determined by the results of fuzzy clustering or grey relational clustering, and some researches of RBF neural networks modeling accuracy are done. Practical modeling cases demonstrate that the modeling accuracy of fuzzy clustering RBF neural networks and grey relational clustering RBF neural networks are significantly better than K-means clustering RBF neural networks, applying of fuzzy clustering or grey relational clustering to determine the basis function center of RBF neural networks hidden layer node is feasible and effective.

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Wu, Yue, Hui Wang, Biaobiao Zhang, and K. L. Du. "Using Radial Basis Function Networks for Function Approximation and Classification." ISRN Applied Mathematics 2012 (March 6, 2012): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/324194.

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The radial basis function (RBF) network has its foundation in the conventional approximation theory. It has the capability of universal approximation. The RBF network is a popular alternative to the well-known multilayer perceptron (MLP), since it has a simpler structure and a much faster training process. In this paper, we give a comprehensive survey on the RBF network and its learning. Many aspects associated with the RBF network, such as network structure, universal approimation capability, radial basis functions, RBF network learning, structure optimization, normalized RBF networks, application to dynamic system modeling, and nonlinear complex-valued signal processing, are described. We also compare the features and capability of the two models.

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Tang, Xiaowei, Bing Xu, and Zichen Xu. "Reactor Temperature Prediction Method Based on CPSO-RBF-BP Neural Network." Applied Sciences 13, no. 5 (March 2, 2023): 3230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13053230.

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A neural network model based on a chaotic particle swarm optimization (CPSO) radial basis function-back propagation (RBF-BP) neural network was suggested to improve the accuracy of reactor temperature prediction. The training efficiency of the RBF-BP neural network is influenced to some degree by the large randomness of the initial weight and threshold. To address the impact of initial weight and threshold uncertainty on the training efficiency of the RBF-BP combined neural network, this paper proposes using a chaotic particle swarm optimization algorithm to correct the RBF-BP neural network’s initial weight and threshold, as well as to optimize the RBF-BP neural network to speed up the algorithm and improve prediction accuracy. The measured temperature of the reactor acquired by on-site enterprises was confirmed and compared to the predicted results of the BP, RBF-BP, and PSO-RBF-BP neural network models. Finally, Matlab simulation tests were performed, and the experimental data revealed that the CPSO-RBF-BP combined neural network model suggested in this paper had a root-mean-square error of 17.3%, an average absolute error of 11.4%, and a fitting value of 99.791%. Prediction accuracy and efficiency were superior to those of the BP, RBF-BP, and PSO-RBF-BP models. The suggested model’s validity and feasibility were established. The study findings may provide some reference values for the reactor’s temperature prediction.

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Luo, Yan Fen. "Research of Fuzzy RBF Approach Method Based on IMGA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 719-720 (January 2015): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.719-720.311.

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A research of fuzzy RBF approach method based on IMGA is proposed, depending on the equivalency between RBF network and fuzzy inference, a fuzzy RBF network is designed. At the same time, the parameters and weights of the fuzzy RBF are optimized based on the immune memory genetic algorithm (IMGA), and the speed of convergence is accelerated. The optimized system is simulated by MATLAB, and compared with the original system, the approach effect of the fuzzy RBF is improved by IMGA.

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Bawazeer, Saleh A., Saleh S. Baakeem, and Abdulmajeed A. Mohamad. "New Approach for Radial Basis Function Based on Partition of Unity of Taylor Series Expansion with Respect to Shape Parameter." Algorithms 14, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a14010001.

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Radial basis function (RBF) is gaining popularity in function interpolation as well as in solving partial differential equations thanks to its accuracy and simplicity. Besides, RBF methods have almost a spectral accuracy. Furthermore, the implementation of RBF-based methods is easy and does not depend on the location of the points and dimensionality of the problems. However, the stability and accuracy of RBF methods depend significantly on the shape parameter, which is primarily impacted by the basis function and the node distribution. At a small value of shape parameter, the RBF becomes more accurate, but unstable. Several approaches were followed in the open literature to overcome the instability issue. One of the approaches is optimizing the solver in order to improve the stability of ill-conditioned matrices. Another approach is based on searching for the optimal value of the shape parameter. Alternatively, modified bases are used to overcome instability. In the open literature, radial basis function using QR factorization (RBF-QR), stabilized expansion of Gaussian radial basis function (RBF-GA), rational radial basis function (RBF-RA), and Hermite-based RBFs are among the approaches used to change the basis. In this paper, the Taylor series is used to expand the RBF with respect to the shape parameter. Our analyses showed that the Taylor series alone is not sufficient to resolve the stability issue, especially away from the reference point of the expansion. Consequently, a new approach is proposed based on the partition of unity (PU) of RBF with respect to the shape parameter. The proposed approach is benchmarked. The method ensures that RBF has a weak dependency on the shape parameter, thereby providing a consistent accuracy for interpolation and derivative approximation. Several benchmarks are performed to assess the accuracy of the proposed approach. The novelty of the present approach is in providing a means to achieve a reasonable accuracy for RBF interpolation without the need to pinpoint a specific value for the shape parameter, which is the case for the original RBF interpolation.

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Dehghani, Aghdas, Shadan Saberi, and Mehdi Nematbakhsh. "Role of Mas Receptor Antagonist A799 in Renal Blood Flow Response to Ang 1-7 after Bradykinin Administration in Ovariectomized Estradiol-Treated Rats." Advances in Pharmacological Sciences 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/801053.

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Background. The accompanied role of Mas receptor (MasR), bradykinin (BK), and female sex hormone on renal blood flow (RBF) response to angiotensin 1-7 is not well defined. We investigated the role of MasR antagonist (A779) and BK on RBF response to Ang 1-7 infusion in ovariectomized estradiol-treated rats.Methods. Ovariectomized Wistar rats received estradiol (OVE) or vehicle (OV) for two weeks. Catheterized animals were subjected to BK and A799 infusion and mean arterial pressure (MAP), RBF, and renal vascular resistance (RVR) responses to Ang 1-7 (0, 100, and 300 ng kg−1 min−1) were determined.Results. Percentage change of RBF (%RBF) in response to Ang1-7 infusion increased in a dose-dependent manner. In the presence of BK, when MasR was not blocked, %RBF response to Ang 1-7 in OVE group was greater than OV group significantly (P<0.05). Infusion of 300 ng kg−1 min−1Ang 1-7 increased RBF by6.9±1.9% in OVE group versus0.9±1.8% in OV group. However when MasR was blocked, %RBF response to Ang 1-7 in OV group was greater than OVE group insignificantly.Conclusion. Coadministration of BK and A779 compared to BK alone increased RBF response to Ang 1-7 in vehicle treated rats. Such observation was not seen in estradiol treated rats.

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Bhatt, R. S., A. Sahoo, S. A. Karim, and Y. P. Gadekar. "Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and rumen bypass-fat supplementation on growth, nutrient utilisation, rumen fermentation and carcass traits of lambs." Animal Production Science 58, no. 3 (2018): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an14950.

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Forty-eight weaned (3 months of age) lambs were randomly distributed in a 2 × 2 factorial design to assess the effect of rumen bypass-fat (RBF) feeding (with and without) and probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation (with and without) on growth, nutrient utilisation, rumen metabolic profile and carcass traits during the post-weaning phase (3–6 months of age) of life. The four experimental groups, each having 12 lambs (six male and six female), were thus designated as control (C, basic diet without RBF and probiotic), basic diet without RBF but with probiotic (C + P), basic diet with RBF but without probiotic (C + RBF) and basic diet with RBF and probiotic (C + P + RBF). The basic diet consisted of ad libitum concentrates and dry pala (Zizyphus nummularia) leaves. Additionally, each lamb received 500 g of green ardu (Ailanthus excelsa) leaves. The RBF was calcium salt of fatty acids (source: rice bran oil) and fed at 40 g per kg of concentrate and the probiotic was fed at 9.0 × 107 colony-forming units (CFU) per kg bodyweight. Weekly bodyweights were recorded to assess the growth performance of lambs and revealed significantly (P = 0.026) higher gain in weight and average daily gain in RBF-supplemented groups independent of probiotic supplementation. The intake of concentrate was higher (P = 0.025) in RBF-fed groups and lead to increased (P = 0.028) total daily dry-matter intake and higher (P < 0.05) plane of nutrition (more metabolisable energy and a higher digestible crude protein intake) irrespective of probiotic supplementation. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was narrower (P < 0.05) in RBF- and probiotic-supplemented animals. Digestibility of organic matter, ether extract and acid detergent fibre increased and higher nitrogen balance was observed in lambs fed with RBF. Probiotic supplementation showed a positive effect (P < 0.05) on digestibility of acid detergent fibre. Ruminal metabolic profile was assessed at the end of the experimental feeding and it showed higher pH and ciliate protozoa population with RBF, independent of probiotic supplementation. Urinary purine derivatives were measured during the metabolic trial at the end of the experiment, which showed higher allantoin excretion leading to increased microbial nitrogen flow with RBF supplementation. Pre-slaughter weight, loin eye area and lean percentage were higher with a lower bone percentage and cooking loss, showing positive carcass attributes in RBF-fed groups, and the effect of probiotic was non-significant. It is concluded that RBF supplementation enhanced higher intake and utilisation of nutrients that supported improved weight gain, FCR and carcass traits, while Saccharomyces cerevisiae feeding had a positive effect on fibre digestibility and FCR, possibly by modifying the gut environment.

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Estable, Mario Clemente, Brendan Bell, Martin Hirst, and Ivan Sadowski. "Naturally Occurring Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeats Have a Frequently Observed Duplication That Binds RBF-2 and Represses Transcription." Journal of Virology 72, no. 8 (August 1, 1998): 6465–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.72.8.6465-6474.1998.

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ABSTRACT Approximately 38% of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients within the Vancouver Lymphadenopathy-AIDS Study have proviruses bearing partial 15- to 34-nucleotide duplications upstream of the NF-κB binding sites within the 5′ long terminal repeat (LTR). This most frequent naturally occurring length polymorphism (MFNLP) of the HIV-1 5′ LTR encompasses potential binding sites for several candidate transcription factors, including TCF-1α/hLEF, c-Ets, AP-4, and Ras-responsive binding factor 2 (RBF-2) (M. C. Estable et al., J. Virol. 70:4053–4062, 1996). RBF-2 and an apparently related factor, RBF-1, bind to at least fourcis elements within the LTR which are required for full transcriptional responsiveness to protein-tyrosine kinases and v-Ras (B. Bell and I. Sadowski, Oncogene 13:2687–2697, 1996). Here we demonstrate that representative MFNLPs from two patients specifically bind RBF-2. In both cases, deletion of the MFNLP caused elevated LTR-directed transcription in cells expressing RBF-2 but not in cells with undetectable RBF-2. RBF-1, but not RBF-2, appears to contain the Ets transcription factor family member GABPα/GABPβ1. Taken together with the fact that every MFNLP from a comparative study of over 500 LTR sequences from 42 patients contains a predicted binding site for RBF-2, our data suggest that the MFNLP is selected in vivo because it provides a duplicated RBF-2 cis element, which may limit transcription in monocytes and activated T cells.

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Wei, Chih-Chiang. "RBF Neural Networks Combined with Principal Component Analysis Applied to Quantitative Precipitation Forecast for a Reservoir Watershed during Typhoon Periods." Journal of Hydrometeorology 13, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 722–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-11-03.1.

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Abstract The forecast of precipitations during typhoons has received much attention in recent years. It is important in meteorology and atmospheric sciences. Hence, the study on precipitation nowcast during typhoons is of great significance to operators of a reservoir system. This study developed an improved neural network that combines the principal component analysis (PCA) technique and the radial basis function (RBF) network. The developed methodology was employed to establish the quantitative precipitation forecast model for the watershed of the Shihmen Reservoir in northern Taiwan. The results obtained from RBF, multiple linear regression (MLR), PCA–RBF, and PCA–MLR models included the forecasts of L-ahead (L = 1, 3, 6) hourly accumulated precipitations. The deducted prediction results were compared in terms of four measures [mean absolute error (MAE), RMSE, coefficient of correlation (CC), and coefficient of efficiency (CE)] and four skill scores [percentage error (PE), area-weighted error score (AWES), bias score (BIAS), and equitable threat score (ETS)]. The results showed that predictions obtained using RBF and PCA–RBF were better than those produced by MLR and PCA–MLR. Although both RBF and PCA–RBF can provide good results on average, the network architecture and the learning speed of the PCA–RBF network are superior to those of the simple RBF network. This is because PCA technique could greatly reduce the input parameters and simplify concurrently the network structure. Consequently, the PCA–RBF neural networks can be regarded as a reliable model for predicting precipitation during typhoons.

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Lumbers, E. R., J. H. Burrell, A. D. Stevens, and C. Bernasconi. "Responses of fetal sheep to reduced maternal renal blood flow and maternal hypertension." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 271, no. 6 (December 1, 1996): R1691—R1700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1996.271.6.r1691.

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In 16 chronically catheterized fetal sheep the effects of reducing and restoring maternal renal blood flow (RBF) and thus inducing and reversing hypertension were studied in uninephrectomized pregnant ewes; controls were 3 fetuses that were carried by uninephrectomized ewes in which RBF was not reduced and that did not become hypertensive. Within 24-72 h of maternal RBF reduction, fetal arterial PO2 had fallen (P < 0.001) and PCO2 had increased (P < 0.025); fetal arterial pressure also increased (P < 0.005). These effects persisted, despite restoration of maternal RBF and reversal of maternal hypertension. Within 24-72 h of reduction of maternal RBF, fetal urine flow had increased (P < 0.005), and it remained elevated over the first 3 h after RBF was restored; 24-72 h later it was lower (P < 0.025) and returned to control levels. The excretion of sodium, potassium, and chloride showed a similar increase when maternal RBF was reduced (P < 0.001), with return to control values 24-72 h after RBF had been restored. Fetal glomerular filtration rate did not change; thus the natriuresis and diuresis that occurred were due to reduced tubular solute and water reabsorption (P < 0.025). These changes in fetal renal function may be related, in part, to changes in fetal PO2 and PCO2, but they are most likely due to reduced maternal renal function due to the restriction in maternal RBF, inasmuch as they were reversed when RBF was restored.

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Miao, Qian, Feng Yan, and Ya Nan Liu. "Voltage Track Prediction Based on WAMS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 325-326 (June 2013): 652–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.325-326.652.

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In order to give online voltage monitoring and stability margin judgment, a radial basis function (RBF) is used in this paper to predict the node voltage amplitude. Using BPA build IEEE9 network and input the processed data to RBF neural network, compared the results with the actual voltage amplitude, got a accurate prediction result. So as to stand out the accuracy of RBF, compared the relative error of prediction results between RBF and the second exponential smoothing model (SES). It testified the accuracy of RBF was more superior.

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Liu, Li Long, Jun Yu Li, Chen Hui Cai, and Guo Biao Lin. "Research on the GPS Elevation Fitting with RBF Neural Network Model Considering Effects of Sample Data Preprocessing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 568-570 (June 2014): 817–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.568-570.817.

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RBF neural network and three kinds of preprocessing methods are introduced, and this paper used these preprocessing methods combined with RBF neural network and strict RBF neural network to perform elevation fitting. Comparing and analyzing the fitting results, the results show that preprocessing methods can affect elevation fitting results. Centralized preprocessing data maximum improves RBF neural network elevation fitting precision, and it also let RBF neural network have stronger generalization ability. Normalization preprocessing methods are not necessarily optimal. It is essential for us to choose preprocessing method to fit the elevation.

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Zweifler, R. M., E. M. Slaven, L. L. Rihn, J. C. Magee, and N. R. Kreisman. "Renal hemodynamic changes during serial seizures in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 261, no. 5 (November 1, 1991): H1508—H1513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1991.261.5.h1508.

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Renal blood flow (RBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) were measured during serially induced seizures in anesthetized paralyzed rats to investigate possible alterations in hemodynamic responses during experimental status epilepticus. During initial seizures, MABP increased from 143 to 193 mmHg, and RBF decreased from 4.8 to 1.5 ml/min. In contrast, MABP fell from 124 to 100 mmHg and RBF dropped from 3.6 to 2.8 ml/min during late seizures. The large decreases in RBF during initial seizures were blocked by renal denervation or bilateral adrenalectomy. During the period of late seizures, both the increase in MABP and the decrease in RBF in response to intravenous boluses of norepinephrine fell to 55% of the preseizure value. Our data indicate that the marked decreases in RBF during early seizures can be mediated by either the renal nerves or the adrenal glands. Furthermore, decreased sensitivity of the vasculature to norepinephrine likely contributes to the diminution of both MABP and RBF responses during later seizures.

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Journal articles on the topic 'RBF'

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