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Academic literature on the topic 'Ratoon suckers'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Ratoon suckers"

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O'Farrell, PJ, PK Shepherd, and JW Daniells. "Effect of type and weight of nursery produced planting material on the development of banana cv. Williams in North Queensland." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 5 (1989): 713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890713.

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Bananas cv. Williams grown from planting material produced in a nursery were studied to determine minimum planting weights for planting material from this source. There were 3 weights of both suckers (0.25-0.5, 0.5-1.0, and 1.0-1.5 kg) and bits (0.45-0.6, 0.6-1.0, and 1.0-1.5 kg). Shoot emergence from suckers occurred on average 17 days earlier than from bits. Small and medium bits had shooting failures of 8 and 2% respectively. Medium and large suckers produced 2 bearing plants in the plant crop, the 'first' from the apex, the 'second' (shoot emergence 8 weeks later) from a lateral bud. The 'second' reduced sucker growth and bunch size of the 'first'. High sucker number was more consistent on plants from small suckers, and medium and large bits in the plant crop, which facilitated selection of even-sized followers. Cropping was most uniform in these treatments in ratoons 1 and 2. Yield of medium and large suckers in the plant crop was twice that of the other treatments and represented the combined yields of the 'first' and 'second' plant. However, the average annual yield of medium and large suckers over both the plant and ratoon 1 crops (57 t/ha) was the same as the other treatments, due to both a 12% reduction in yield and a longer period to harvest in ratoon 1. Yield of small suckers, and small, medium and large bits was the same in the plant crop (25 t/ha) and ratoon 1 crop (73 t/ha). Further work is required with nursery material to elucidate its response to time of planting, and the interaction of bud state and weight of bits.
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Chávez, César, Luis Calderón, Franco Espinosa, Eduardo Salas, and Mario Araya. "Sucker Selection on Banana (Musa AAA cv Valery) Root Content, Nematode Populations, and Yield." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (December 10, 2021): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1012.012.

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A field experiment was carried out in El Guabo, Ecuador, to study how sucker selection affect root content, nematode numbers, and yield variables on banana (Musa AAA cv. Valery) plants. The two treatments evaluated were sword sucker selection at plant flowering and early sword sucker selection of 60 cm height on un-shooting plants. The two treatments were laid out in RCD with ten replicates and in each replicated, 10 of each sucker were evaluated across five ratoon crop cycles. With few exceptions, no differences were found in root contents between the two types of sword sucker selected. No differences in the number of Pratylenchus spp. (P> 0.0911), Meloidogyne spp.(P> 0.1011), Helicotylenches spp., (P> 0.1189), Radopholus similis(P> 0.2657), and total nematodes (P> 0.0557) were found in none of the ratoons between the two types of suckers selected. The number of total nematodes varied across the five ratoon crop cycles between 6021 and 22327 per 100 g of roots by sucker. In none of the yield variables (bunch weight P> 0.1528, ratio P> 0.1527, rationing P> 0.1261, and number of boxes per hectare by year P> 0.1447) differences were found between the selected suckers at the parent plant and the subsequent four ratoon crop cycles. Across the five harvests, the number of boxes oscillated between 2971 and 4072per hectare per year. Although, no differences in yield were found, in the last three ratoon crop cycles consistently more than 100 (106 to 133) boxes per hectare per year were got when sucker selection was done on un-shooting plants. Considering the actual market price of a box of 18.14 kg of bananas of US $6.25, the additional net income from the increase in yield, deducted the cost of labour of $0.75 of packing for each additional box would varies between 580 to 732 US$ per hectare per year.
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Salter, B., G. D. Bonnett, and R. J. Lawn. "Morphology of young sugarcane stalks produced at different stages of crop development." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, no. 2 (2008): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07049.

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Sugarcane suckers are tillers that appear late in crop development. They dilute the sucrose content of the harvested cane at the mill, reducing grower profitability. Suckers appear to have different morphology from other sugarcane stalks. Experiments were established to quantify some of these morphological differences, to determine whether these differences were conserved across a vegetatively propagated generation, and to investigate the influence of the mature stalk to which the sucker is attached on sucker morphology. Experiments were established in northern Queensland, Australia, using cvv. Q117, Q138, and Q152 to compare suckers with young primary stalks in a plant crop and/or young ratoon stalks. Leaf lamina length, breadth, area, height to last fully expanded leaf, internode diameter, and growth measurements were taken. Suckers had broader leaves, resulting in a smaller leaf length/breadth ratio, longer leaf sheaths, and lower specific leaf area at least for the first 3 leaves. Sucker stalks were thicker than normal stalks. Sucker growth was highly variable, but some were able to outgrow young primary stalks in a plant crop. When mature stalks, to which suckers were attached, were removed, the leaves produced by suckers were more similar to leaves on normal stalks with larger length/breadth ratio. The morphological differences were not carried over into plants arising from the buds on suckers. Although the reasons for these morphological differences are unknown, it is likely that the transfer of some factor(s) from the stalks to which suckers are attached, and/or an altered light environment within the canopy, may contribute to the morphology of sucker shoots.
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O., Aondona, Odedina J. N., Elemo K. A., Olasantan F. O., Adigbo S. O., Imogie A. E., and Osayane P. E. "Effect of Fertilizer Application and Interplanted Cassava on Growth and Yield of Plantain in Oil Palm Based System." Sumerianz Journal of Business Management and Marketing, no. 43 (August 4, 2021): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.47752/sjbmm.43.74.84.

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Due to the slow growth and long gestation period of oil palm farmers are often faced with challenges of weed control before oil palm canopy closure hence the need to introduce plantain as component crop with the oil palm. A two years trial was conducted in in Ovia North East LGA, Edo State, Nigeria (Latitude 6.636oN, 6.909oN and Longitude 6.182oE, 6.364oE) to evaluate the effect of NPKMg fertilizer and interplanted cassava on growth and yield of plantain in oil palm based system. The treatment consisted of NPKMg fertilizer as the main block treatment (with and without NPKMg fertilizer) and crop combinations [oil palm/plantain (OPP) and oil palm/plantain/cassava (OPPC)] as sub block treatments. The treatments were laid out in split block arrangement in RCBD replicated thrice. Data were collected on plantain plant height, number of leaves/pseudostem, leaf area index, number of suckers/pseudostem, number of days to 50% flowering of main psuedostem and first ratoon plants, number of days to first appearance of peeper sucker from main pseudostem, number of leaves at flowering from main pseudostem and first ratoon plants, finger weight (kg/bunch), finger circumference/finger (cm), finger length/finger (cm), number of fingers/bunch, biomass weight (t/ha), number of bunches/ha and bunch yield (t/ha). NPKMg fertilizer significantly increased (p<0.05) the growth and number of sucker produced. Plantain planted in OPP combination had taller plant and more number of suckers (first ratoon plant and second ratoon plant, respectively) relative to those in OPPC combination while plantain planted in OPPC combination lead to delayed appearance of peeper suckers, delayed fruiting of plantain and resulted to 18, 15.8, 1.6, 6, 8.3 and 12 % increase (p<0.05) in plantain bunch weight, finger weight, finger circumference, finger length, number of fingers and biomass weight, respectively relative to those in oil palm/plantain (OPP) combination.
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Daniells, JW, PJ O'Farrell, JC Mulder, and SJ Campbell. "Effect of plant spacing on yield and plant characteristics of banana in North Queensland." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 27, no. 5 (1987): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9870727.

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Bananas cv. Williams were grown at a range of plant densities (1 157-2825 plants ha-1) in single and double rows in North Queensland for 3 crop cycles to determine the best spacing in double rows and to compare yield and plant characteristics of different planting systems. Yield increased with increasing density in each crop cycle (from 16 to 2 1 t/ 1000 plants over the range tested). The duration of the crop cycle was unaffected by density in the plant crop. In the ratoons, the length of the crop cycles increased with increasing density (from 9 to 12 months in ratoon 1 and from 10 to 12 months in ratoon 2). Thus productivity (t ha-1 year-1) averaged over the 3 crop cycles only increased by 10 t/ 1000 plants over the range tested. Single rows had taller following suckers than did double rows at harvest of the plant crop (average of 207 v. 177 cm). Together with the shorter pseudostem height at which single rows bunched, this led to more rapid cycling than at similar densities in double rows in ratoon 1 (9 v.11 months). In double rows, spacings of 1.5 m between the 2 rows of the double row and 1.5-1.8 m between plants in the row made for considerably easier selection of followers than did closer spacings.
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Auwerkerken, Annemarie, Thomas Dubois, Bart De Schutter, Paul Speijer, Omalara Rotimi, Dirk De Waele, Danny Coyne, and Abdou Tenkouano. "Effects of nematode infection and mulching on the yield of plantain (Musa spp., AAB-group) ratoon crops and plantation longevity in southeastern Nigeria." Nematology 7, no. 4 (2005): 531–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854105774384796.

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AbstractThe effects of nematode infection and mulching on plantain cv. Agbagba (Musa spp., AAB-group, false horn) yield and plantation longevity were examined in a field experiment at the High Rainfall Station of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) at Onne in southeastern Nigeria. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th crop cycles (1st, 2nd and 3rd ratoon, respectively) following the plant crop cycle (mother crop) were examined in nematode inoculated or non-inoculated and mulched or non-mulched treatments. Nematodes (Radopholus similis, Helicotylenchus multicinctus and, to a lesser extent, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Hoplolaimus pararobustus and Meloidogyne spp.) were inoculated at planting of the mother plant, but were also present in relatively high population densities in the non-inoculated treatments at harvest of the 1st crop cycle. Plants inoculated with nematodes failed to reach harvest and neither did plants in the non-inoculated non-mulched treatments in any ratoon. Only non-inoculated mulched plants reached harvest, producing 0.85, 1.22 and 0.2 Mg ha−1, respectively in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd ratoon, taking toppled, broken and dead plants into consideration. Mulched plants were larger, had more suckers, survived longer and had healthier root systems compared with non-mulched plants. Damage to roots was greater in the inoculated plants compared with the non-inoculated plants for the 1st and 2nd ratoons but not for the 3rd ratoon. Radopholus similis was most strongly associated with root damage (percentage root necrosis and dead roots), although H. multicinctus population densities were also positively correlated with percentage root necrosis. At flowering of the 1st ratoon, 71% of the inoculated non-mulched plants were dead compared with only 1% of the non-inoculated mulched plants. Helicotylenchus multicinctus remained the most abundant nematode throughout the experiment. Together with R. similis, it comprised over 95% of the plant-parasitic nematode population.
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Johns, GG. "Field evaluation of five clones of tissue-cultured bananas in northern NSW." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 34, no. 4 (1994): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9940521.

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The use of tissue culture (TC) could facilitate clonal changes and reduce pest and disease problems in the New South Wales banana industry. The performance of 5 clones of TC banana plants (Chinese Cavendish, 2 Mons Mari clones, and 2 Williams clones) and 1 clone propagated as suckers (Williams) was monitored in the field over 3 crop cycles. TC offtypes became evident during the first year. Overall 11% of field-planted TC plants were dwarf offtypes, and 8% were mosaic offtypes. Total offtypes in the field ranged from 1 to 63% for different clones. Dwarf offtypes produced 6% fewer (P<0.001) bunches than normal plants. Many mosaic offtypes died during the trial, and overall they produced 34% fewer (P<0.001) bunches than normal plants. Dwarf offtypes produced 41% of the marketable fruit of normal plants during the trial, while mosaic offtypes produced only 7% (P<0.001). TC plants produced their first crop 60 days earlier than plants from suckers; thereafter bunch to bunch intervals were similar. TC plants also produced 40% more (P<0.001) suckers during the first 18 months in the field. Within the Williams clone, normal TC plants (offtypes excluded) produced 15% more fingers per bunch in the plant crop than plants propagated as suckers (P<0.001). As TC plant crop fingers were 8% smaller (P<0.01), total fruit weight per bunch was 6% greater (P<0.05). Yield parameters were not significantly different during the first ratoon, but in the second ratoon TC plants had 5% more (P<0.05) fingers and 9% greater (P<0.01) total fruit weight. In the clonal comparison Chinese Cavendish was the shortest plant, had below-average finger size, and its production of marketable fruit was below average. Mons Mari-WR was the tallest clone with the longest fruit, and the highest production of marketable fruit. Other clones were intermediate in height and production.
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Drew, RA, and MK Smith. "Field evaluation of tissue-cultured bananas in south-eastern Queensland." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 30, no. 4 (1990): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9900569.

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Field performance is described for tissue cultured plants and conventional propagules of planting material of banana cultivar 'New Guinea Cavendish' (Musa sp., AAA group, Cavendish subgroup). Tissuecultured plants were produced by either regeneration of plants from callus culture or by micropropagation of plants following the release of dormant buds at the leaf axils of explants. The conventional material consisted of suckers and 'bits' (lateral buds and associated corm material). Tissue-cultured plants established more quickly, were taller, and had a shorter time to bunch emergence and harvest of plant crop than conventional planting material. They had significantly (P<0.05) higher yields in terms of bunch weight, which was a function of greater numbers of fingers and hands. These advantages did not extend to the ratoon crop. Sucker production on tissue-cultured plants was significantly (P<0.01) higher up to 8 months after planting, equal to conventional material from 8 months to harvest, and then significantly lower. Twenty-two per cent of the plants derived from callus were off-types compared with 3% in the line produced by axillary bud proliferation. No off-types were observed in conventional planting material.
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Borah, Rupshree, Dharindra Nath Hazarika, Supriya Langthasa, and Dorodi Priyam Duarah. "Effect of Number of Suckers per Hill on Growth and Yield of Banana cv. Malbhog (AAB) in Ratoon Crop." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7, no. 10 (October 10, 2018): 1812–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.710.207.

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Borah, Rupshree. "Study the Effect of Number of Suckers Per Hill on Chlorophyll Content and Light Intensity of Malbhog (AAB) Banana in Ratoon Crop." Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences 9, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8552.

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Books on the topic "Ratoon suckers"

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Barry, Sinrod, ed. this book sucks and the Authors son is a child Molestor in Boca Raton Florida GOOGLE it Do you do it with the lights on? New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ratoon suckers"

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Trudgeon, Allison, Kristin Nesbit, Larissa Yocom, and R. Justin DeRose. "Regeneration of quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) after fire risk reduction treatments." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 1513–19. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_231.

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Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) is a keystone species in the western US, and typically requires high-severity disturbance (historically stand-replacing fire) to regenerate and maintain population health when coexisting with conifers. Aspen forests are declining due to fire suppression, herbivory, and drought, and restoration is a priority for many forest managers. Prescribed fire and harvest are currently the only fuel reduction treatments in practice, imposing limitations on land managers. A mechanical treatment method, called ‘roller-felling,’ has been developed to mimic stand-replacing fire by reducing fuel loading and resetting succession of late-seral stage, conifer-dominated, aspen communities. We examined the ecological impact of roller-felling by investigating factors contributing to post-treatment aspen regeneration, ultimately determining the feasibility of this method as an alternative, stand-replacing disturbance treatment. Specifically, I quantified aspen regeneration stem densities to determine if the result emulated stand-replacing fire. I also measured other metrics of treatment “success”, with additional factors influencing aspen regeneration, including the ratio of suckers to true seedling establishment, ungulate browsing pressure, and herbaceous understory diversity before and after treatment. Preliminary, single-growing season, results indicate densities exceed threshold-related objectives, while related ecological impacts remain less conclusive. A second year of sampling in this upcoming field season will allow for more definitive, short-term results on the comprehensive, ecological impact of roller-felling. This research could allow for widespread application in remote areas where logging is unfeasible and in Wildland Urban Interface areas, where prescribed fire can pose a risk to communities. Additionally, this will set groundwork for long-term monitoring of roller-felled areas, furthering understanding of aspen regeneration dynamics, and will apply to forest and fire management regionally, where goals are to reduce fire risk and maintain aspen communities across the western US.
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Conference papers on the topic "Ratoon suckers"

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McCafferty, J. F. "Importance of Compression Ratio Calculations in Designing Sucker Rod Pump Installations." In SPE Production Operations Symposium. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/25418-ms.

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Wang, Haiwen, Sixu Zheng, and Daoyong Yang. "Design and Application of Multiphase Sucker-Rod Pumps in Wells with High Gas-Oil Ratios." In SPE Artificial Lift Conference — Latin America and Caribbean. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/173963-ms.

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Wanjin, Han, Wang Zhongqi, and Xu Wenyuan. "An Experimental Investigation Into the Influence of Blade Leaning on the Losses Downstream of Annular Cascades With a Small Diameter-Height Ratio." In ASME 1988 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/88-gt-19.

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Five types of cascades with different leaned blades have been tested in a low speed annular cascade tunnel. The experimental results show that by using positively leaned blades the hub wall boundary layer in cascade passage can be sucked into main stream zone, and the amount of low energy gas getting into downstream of the cascade is reduced obviously, so that the energy losses downstream is decreased considerably.
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Sadatomi, M., F. Matsuyama, A. Kawahara, and K. Fukamachi. "Development of a Large-Flow-Rate Mist Generator: Prediction of Hydraulic Performance." In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37143.

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Sadatomi (2003) invented a micro-bubble generator with a spherical body in a flowing water tube. In the generator, when pressurized water is supplied to the tube, air is automatically sucked through many small holes drilled on the periphery of the tube behind the body, and is broken into a number of micro-bubbles by a high-shear flow of water around the body. In the present study, in order to develop a large-flow-rate mist generator, pressurized air is supplied to the same generator and water is automatically sucked. Experiments were conducted to study the effects of parameters, such as the diameter ratio of the spherical body to the tube, on the hydraulic performance, and the data on the mist flow rate, the pressure at the generator inlet and the distribution of mist diameters were obtained by changing the air supply rate. In the analyses, an analytical model is proposed to predict the mist flow rate and the pressure at the generator inlet at a given air supply rate. In order to validate the model, a comparison is made between calculation and experiment. Results of the experiments and the comparison together with the model are presented in this paper.
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Sakuraba, Kenichiro, Kazuharu Fukazawa, and Masatoshi Sano. "Control of Turbulent Channel Flow Over a Backward-Facing Step by Suction." In ASME/JSME 2003 4th Joint Fluids Summer Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2003-45233.

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Experiments have been performed for a turbulent channel flow over a backward-facing step. The backward-facing step flow is actively controlled by equipping a slit at the bottom corner of the step and low momentum fluids in the recirculating region are sucked from the slit. The width of the slit is changed between 2, 3 and 5 mm, and suction flow ratio is varied from 0.00 to 0.15. The wall static pressure and local heat transfer coefficient are measured behind the backward-facing step. In addition, the velocity profiles and turbulent intensities are measured by a split hot film probe. It is found that improvement in the heat transfer coefficient at the recirculating region and decreases in pressure loss are obtained by the suction. The heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics are controlled by the suction flow ratio, independently of suction velocities. When the suction flow ratio is 0.08, the highest performance is obtained.
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Sato, Hideaki, Soichiro Tabata, Naoto Tochitani, Yasuhiro Sasao, Ryo Takata, and Masaki Osako. "Investigation of Moisture Removal on Last Stage Stationary Blade in Actual Steam Turbine." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-14831.

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Abstract This paper presents an investigation for wet steam flow through the slit on the last stage hollow stationary blades of a steam turbine. The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the moisture removal performance by measuring the quantity of drain and “Motive steam” from some kinds of slit configurations under the actual turbine operating environment. Motive steam is effective steam sucked from the slit and removed together with drain. The measurement was carried out on a 105 MW class steam turbine at “T-point”, a verification power plant owned by Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. [MHPS]. The measurement system was constructed right under the turbine. Even though both drain and steam were sucked from the slit on the stationary blade, drain was separated by the cyclone separator and measured by detecting the water level accumulated in the water level tank by the optical pulse sensor. For the measurement of the motive steam quantity, the choked flow rate measured by the critical nozzle was used to obtain the slit characteristic data of pressure ratio (ratio of blade surface static pressure to outer ring inner pressure). The critical nozzles were arranged in parallel, and the measurement was carried out by adopting a multi-valve switching system. And CFD slit analysis, in which the drain discharge path inside the last stage hollow stationary blade is modeled, was also carried out. The CFD slit analysis was compared with the measurement result to examine the internal flow. The corresponding CFD was calculated by ANSYS CFX. And the coarse water droplets analysis by the kinetic equation of the discrete droplet model was also carried out. From the measurement result and the evaluation, it was confirmed that the slit with groove configuration is more effective than the normal slit under the actual turbine operating environment.
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Mahalingam, Raghav, and Ari Glezer. "Low-Profile Synthetic Jet Cooling for Portable Computers." In ASME 2003 International Electronic Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2003-35069.

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This paper explores the novel technique of forced synthetic jet cooling within high-aspect ratio ducts that can be accommodated within low-profile electronic systems. A synthetic jet is an intense, small-scale turbulent jet that is synthesized directly from the fluid in the system in which it is embedded and is formed when fluid is alternately sucked and ejected from the cavity by the motion of a diaphragm bounding the cavity, so that there is no net mass addition to the system. This feature obviates the need for input piping or complex fluidic packaging and makes synthetic jets ideally suited for the low-profile geometries of portables. In the current work, a simple configuration of a 2-D synthetic jet ejector in a rectangular channel is used to ascertain the flow and thermal performance curves, overall thermal resistance and effectiveness for the synthetic jet ejector channel flow.
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Bohra, Avinash, Utkarsh Vijayvargia, Shobhit Tiwari, Sumit Gupta, and Manish Dutt Kothiyal. "Completion Design and Hydraulic Fracturing Evolution in a Tight Reservoir Having Low Poisson's Ratio and Low Young's Modulus: A Case Study in Aishwariya Barmer Hill (ABH) Oil Field, Rajasthan, India." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211102-ms.

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Abstract Aishwariya Barmer Hill (ABH) field is a moderate permeability (0.5 – 4 mD) oil bearing porcellanite with alternating sequences of tight shale. After successful appraisal campaign a full field development with multi-stage fracturing using cemented frac sleeves, field was brought online with Hydraulic Sucker Rod Pump (HSRP) as artificial lift and has been on production since 2019. However, a need was felt to review the frac and completion design on account of challenges faced during fraccing and unplanned downtime during production operations. Critical observations that prompted a change in completion and frac technology are: Formation rock pebbles and proppant were observed in the wellbore during workovers.Reservoir's low Young's Modulus (YM) allows the generating high strains at low pressures, while low Poisons Ratio (PR) makes the rock brittle and shatter under high deformation. Consequently, shattered rock was not able to hold the proppant in place after fracture closure resulting into flowback of proppant and pebbles.Debris fill in wellbore resulted in production impairment and malfunctioning of HSRP. To mitigate the identified risks, the design change incorporates measures to address post fracturing production problems related to high treating pressures as well as optimize number of frac stages and stage spacing. Uniform proppant distribution with lesser number of stages is targeted by utilizing limited entry technique to help in distributing treatment pressures and proppant in multiple clusters as well as limit net pressure build up in each frac. It will help prevent rock shattering and better retention of proppant after frac closure. Completion design workflow includes log based zonal isolation between each stage and frac design for two to three cluster per stage. The revised design will predict the number of stages in each well for optimal utilization of wellbore for best economical production. Revised frac design has been implemented in 5 infill wells wherein 66 stages have been pumped without TSO signature or premature screen out in any of the stages. Wells have been put on production and are performing better than rest of the wells in the field. There has been no evidence of debris accumulation in wellbore or proppant flowback in production fluid. Further drilling campaign for 15 wells has been planned with cluster frac strategy with revised frac design.
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Kang, Kyung-Jun, You-Hwan Shin, Kwang-Ho Kim, and Yoon-Pyo Lee. "Inlet Distortion of a Centrifugal Compressor With a Circular-Sectioned 90-Degree Bend and Its Influence on the Performance." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30671.

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In this study, distortion due to inlet duct is experimentally analyzed and discussed in order to understand the performance characteristics of the compressor exposed to a curved inlet configuration. The flow from the bend inlet is not axisymmetric in the circumferential and radial distortion. In the combination including a centrifugal compressor, the bend inlet due to spatial limitation has been shown in a various applications such as industrial chiller. The performance of centrifugal compressors can be degraded by inlet flow distortion due to a 90 degree curved pipe. The bend have some curvature radius ratio, straight upstream and downstream pipes. The flow in bend inlet is sucked due to rotating of impeller and not axisymmetric in the circumferential and radial distortion. In general, primary flow and secondary flow are occurred in curved pipe. In this paper, flow at curved pipe was experimentally measured using by 5-hole probe and hot-wire probe. The 5-hole probe was used in observing the total pressure and velocity contour. Also, the measurement of hot-wire probe was carried out in order to obtain a streamwise velocity profile. The flow details are analyzed and discussed in order to understand the relation between inlet distortion and aerodynamic performance.
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Ma, Hsiao-Kang, Jyun-Sheng Wang, and Ya-Ting Chang. "Study of a Pseudo Bipolar Design for a Piezoelectric Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell With Nozzle and Diffuser." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33061.

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Previous studies of a piezoelectric proton exchange membrane fuel cell with nozzle and diffuser (PZT-PEMFC-ND) have shown that a PZT device could solve flooding problems and improve cell performance. The results also indicated that the rectification efficiency (γ) of the diffuser elements, the PZT vibrating frequency (f), and the displaced volume per stroke (ΔV) affected the flow rate of the PZT device. The rectification efficiency of the diffuser elements, which is an indicator of the preferential direction, depends on the geometrical parameters (AR and θ) and the Reynolds number. In this study, an innovative design for a PZT-PEMFC-ND bi-cell with pseudo bipolar electrodes was developed to achieve a higher power in the stack design to solve water flooding problems and improve cell performance. This new design, with a reaction area of 8 cm2, contains two cells with two outside anodes and two inside cathodes that share a common PZT vibrating device for pumping air flow. The influence of the varying aspect ratio (AR) of the diffuser elements on the unit cell flow rate were investigated using a three-dimensional transitional model. The results show that a proper AR value of 11.25 for the diffuser with a smaller θ of 5° could ensure a smoother intake of the air and thus better cell performance. A lower AR value of 5.63 resulted in smaller actuation pressure inside the chamber, and thus the produced water could not be pumped out. However, a larger AR of 16.88 induced a blocking phenomenon inside the diffuser element, and thus less air was sucked into the cathode chamber. The performance of the PZT-PEMFC-ND bi-cell could be 1.6 times greater than that of the single cell. This performance may be influenced by the phase difference of the operating modes.
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