Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rate-cost tradeoff

Academic literature on the topic 'Rate-cost tradeoff'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Rate-cost tradeoff"

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Wargo, Andrew R., Gael Kurath, Robert J. Scott, and Benjamin Kerr. "Virus shedding kinetics and unconventional virulence tradeoffs." PLOS Pathogens 17, no. 5 (May 10, 2021): e1009528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009528.

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Tradeoff theory, which postulates that virulence provides both transmission costs and benefits for pathogens, has become widely adopted by the scientific community. Although theoretical literature exploring virulence-tradeoffs is vast, empirical studies validating various assumptions still remain sparse. In particular, truncation of transmission duration as a cost of virulence has been difficult to quantify with robust controlled in vivo studies. We sought to fill this knowledge gap by investigating how transmission rate and duration were associated with virulence for infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Using host mortality to quantify virulence and viral shedding to quantify transmission, we found that IHNV did not conform to classical tradeoff theory. More virulent genotypes of the virus were found to have longer transmission durations due to lower recovery rates of infected hosts, but the relationship was not saturating as assumed by tradeoff theory. Furthermore, the impact of host mortality on limiting transmission duration was minimal and greatly outweighed by recovery. Transmission rate differences between high and low virulence genotypes were also small and inconsistent. Ultimately, more virulent genotypes were found to have the overall fitness advantage, and there was no apparent constraint on the evolution of increased virulence for IHNV. However, using a mathematical model parameterized with experimental data, it was found that host culling resurrected the virulence tradeoff and provided low virulence genotypes with the advantage. Human-induced or natural culling, as well as host population fragmentation, may be some of the mechanisms by which virulence diversity is maintained in nature. This work highlights the importance of considering non-classical virulence tradeoffs.
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Nicolaou, Panicos, Deborah L. Thurston, and James V. Carnahan. "Machining Quality and Cost: Estimation and Tradeoffs." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 124, no. 4 (October 23, 2002): 840–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1511169.

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Simultaneous improvement of machining cost, quality and environmental impact is sometimes possible, but after the Pareto optimal frontier has been reached, decisions must be made regarding unavoidable tradeoffs. This paper presents a method for formulating a mathematical model for first estimating quality, cost and cutting fluid wastewater treatment impacts of two machining operations (end milling and drilling), and then for tradeoff decision making. The milling quality estimation model is developed through virtual experimentation on a simulation model, while the drilling quality estimation model is developed through physical experimentation. Cost is estimated through an activity based costing approach. Cutting fluid wastewater treatment impacts (BOD and TSS) are estimated through stoichiometric analysis of cutting fluids. Input decision variables include material choice, design, manufacturing and limited lubrication parameters. The contribution of this paper is the integration of activity based cost estimation, machining quality estimation via statistical analysis of data from virtual and physical experiments, cutting fluid wastewater treatment impact estimation and formal decision theory. A case study of an automotive steering knuckle is presented, where decision variables include material choice (cast iron versus aluminum), feed rate, cutting speed and wet versus dry machining.
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Li, Yan, Yu Mei Hu, Yun Feng Luo, and Chang Chen Liu. "Research on Electric Power Equipment Preventive Maintenance Cycle on the Basis of Economic Life Cycle Costing." Advanced Materials Research 605-607 (December 2012): 296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.605-607.296.

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The maintenance strategy is a tradeoff between cost and reliability. In this paper we consider the maintenance plan from the view of economic life cycle cost and reliability. We discuss the maintenance interval optimization on the premise that the preventive maintenance mitigates failure rate level and intensifies failure variance ratio meanwhile. The specific effect of this kind of preventive maintenance on failure rate and its variance ratio is explored, and then we construct a life cycle cost model of electric power equipment and propose the annuity of life cycle cost minimization as a method for seeking an optimal maintenance interval solution.
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Ma, Guofeng, and Lingzhi Zhang. "Exact Overlap Rate Analysis and the Combination with 4D BIM of Time-Cost Tradeoff Problem in Project Scheduling." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9120795.

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Schedulers can compress the schedule of construction projects by overlapping design and construction activities. However, overlapping may induce increased total cost with the decrease of duration. To solve the concurrency-based time-cost tradeoff problem effectively, this paper demonstrates an overlapping optimization algorithm that identifies an optimal overlapping strategy with exact overlap rates and generates the required duration at the minimum cost. The method makes use of overlapping strategy matrix (OSM) to illustrate the dependency relationships between activities. This method then optimizes the genetic algorithm (GA) to compute an overlapping strategy with exact overlap rates by means of overlapping and crashing. This paper then proposes an integrated framework of genetic algorithm and building information modeling (BIM) to prove the practice feasibility of theoretical research. The study is valuable to practitioners because the method allows establishing a compressed schedule which meets the limited budget within the contract duration. This article is also significant to researchers because it can compute the optimal scheduling strategy with exact overlap rates, crashing degree, and resources expeditiously. The usability and validity of the optimized method are verified by a test case in this paper.
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Luo, Chen, and Anshumali Shrivastava. "Scaling-Up Split-Merge MCMC with Locality Sensitive Sampling (LSS)." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 4464–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33014464.

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Split-Merge MCMC (Monte Carlo Markov Chain) is one of the essential and popular variants of MCMC for problems when an MCMC state consists of an unknown number of components. It is well known that state-of-the-art methods for split-merge MCMC do not scale well. Strategies for rapid mixing requires smart and informative proposals to reduce the rejection rate. However, all known smart proposals involve expensive operations to suggest informative transitions. As a result, the cost of each iteration is prohibitive for massive scale datasets. It is further known that uninformative but computationally efficient proposals, such as random split-merge, leads to extremely slow convergence. This tradeoff between mixing time and per update cost seems hard to get around.We leverage some unique properties of weighted MinHash, which is a popular LSH, to design a novel class of split-merge proposals which are significantly more informative than random sampling but at the same time efficient to compute. Overall, we obtain a superior tradeoff between convergence and per update cost. As a direct consequence, our proposals are around 6X faster than the state-of-the-art sampling methods on two large real datasets KDDCUP and PubMed with several millions of entities and thousands of clusters.
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Liu, Qing-Quan, and Fang Jin. "LQG Control of Networked Control Systems with Limited Information." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/206391.

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This paper addresses linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control problems for multi-input multioutput (MIMO), linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, where the sensors and controllers are geographically separated and connected via a digital communication channel with limited data rates. An observer-based, quantized state feedback control scheme is employed in order to achieve the minimum data rate for mean square stabilization of the unstable plant. An explicit expression is presented to state the tradeoff between the LQ cost and the data rate. Sufficient conditions on the data rate for mean square stabilization are derived. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
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Kerins, Frank, Janet Kiholm Smith, and Richard Smith. "Opportunity Cost of Capital for Venture Capital Investors and Entrepreneurs." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 39, no. 2 (June 2004): 385–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109000003124.

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AbstractWe use a database of recent high tech IPOs to estimate opportunity cost of capital for venture capital investors and entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs face the risk-return tradeoff of the CAPM as the opportunity cost of holding a portfolio that necessarily is underdiversified. For early stage firms, we estimate the effects of underdiversification, industry, and financial maturity on opportunity cost. Assuming a one-year holding period, the entrepreneur's opportunity cost generally is two to four times as high as that of a well-diversified investor. With a 4.0% risk-free rate and 6.0% market risk premium, for the sample average, we estimate the cost of capital of a well-diversified investor to be 11.4%, which equates to 16.7% before the management fees and carried interest of a typical venture capital fund. For an entrepreneur with 25% of total wealth invested in the venture, our corresponding estimate of cost of capital is 40.0%.
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Zhong, Lingshu, and Mingyang Pei. "Optimal Design for a Shared Swap Charging System Considering the Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Rate." Energies 13, no. 5 (March 6, 2020): 1213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13051213.

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Swap charging (SC) technology offers the possibility of swapping the batteries of electric vehicles (EVs), providing a perfect solution for achieving a long-distance freeway trip. Based on SC technology, a shared SC system (SSCS) concept is proposed to overcome the difficulties in optimal swap battery strategies for a large number of EVs with charging requests and to consider the variance in the battery charging rate simultaneously. To realize the optimal SSCS design, a binary integer programming model is developed to balance the tradeoff between the detour travel cost and the total battery recharge cost in the SSCS. The proposed method is verified with a numerical example of the freeway system in Guangdong Province, China, and can obtain an exact solution using off-the-shelf commercial solvers (e.g., Gurobi).
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Liu, Zaiming, Wei Deng, and Gang Chen. "Analysis of the Optimal Resource Allocation for a Tandem Queueing System." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5964272.

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We study a controllable two-station tandem queueing system, where customers (jobs) must first be processed at upstream station and then the downstream station. A manager dynamically allocates the service resource to each station to adjust the service rate, leading to a tradeoff between the holding cost and resource cost. The goal of the manager is to find the optimal policy to minimize the long-run average costs. The problem is constructed as a Markov decision process (MDP). In this paper, we consider the model in which the resource cost and service rate functions are more general than linear. We derive the monotonicity of the optimal allocation policy by the quasiconvexity properties of the value function. Furthermore, we obtain the relationship between the two stations’ optimal policy and conditions under which the optimal policy is unique and has the bang-bang control property. Finally, we provide some numerical experiments to illustrate these results.
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Rim, Suk-Chul, and Hang T. T. Vu. "Transshipment Vehicle Routing with Pickup and Delivery for Cross-Filling." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (January 16, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6667765.

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Distribution centers (DCs) typically receive orders from the customers (mostly retail stores) located in their vicinity and deliver the ordered goods the next day morning. To maintain high item fill rate, DCs have to hold a high level of inventory, which will increase inventory cost. As an alternative, cross-filling is that, after closing the daily order receipt, DCs exchange surplus items during the night to reduce the shortage. The economic justification of such cross-filling will depend on the tradeoff between extra transshipment and handling cost versus saved shortage cost. In this paper, as an extension of Rim and Jiang, 2019, vehicles are allowed to drop and pick up items at the intermediate DCs in the route. We present a genetic algorithm to determine the routes and amount to pick up/drop at each DC to minimize the total cost.
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Book chapters on the topic "Rate-cost tradeoff"

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Perez del Notario, Carolina Blanch, Sofie Pollin, Tong Gan, Claude Desset, Antoine Dejonghe, and Bart Masschelein. "Cross-Layer Optimization for Energy-efficient QoS Support of Multimedia Streams." In Wireless Network Traffic and Quality of Service Support, 113–34. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-771-8.ch006.

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A major limitation for wireless video communication on portable devices is the limited energy budget. For this reason, efficient usage of the scarce energy becomes a critical design constraint, in addition to meeting the Quality of Service constraints related to the video quality. In this chapter the authors focus on minimizing the energy cost of the two main energy consumers in the handheld wireless video device: the video encoding and wireless communication tasks. For this purpose, they present a cross-layer approach that explores the tradeoff between coding and communication energies. They then exploit the Rate-Distortion-Complexity tradeoffs and flexibility of the Scalable Video Codec. The results show that by adapting the codec configuration at runtime to the specific scenarios up to 50% of the total energy can be saved with marginal video quality loss. Moreover, the approach presented is of low complexity and easily deployable in practical systems.
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Hanson, Robin. "Lifecycle." In The Age of Em. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754626.003.0024.

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How many kinds of tasks does a typical em worker regularly do in the course of their job? Looking at job performance today, we see that while extreme specialization can give maximum productivity in the short run, over a longer time a modest degree of task variation is often more productive, because of improved learning and engagement ( Staats and Gino 2012 ). Ems add an important new consideration to this usual tradeoff between task specialization and task variety. Whereas human minds have a limited rate at which they can do tasks, em minds can run at different speeds. So the limited subjective career length of an em can be spent either on more scope in tasks or on more scope in time. That is, an em worker can either run faster and simultaneously do and coordinate more related tasks, or it can run slower and coordinate fewer tasks over a longer period of time, and improve at those tasks in the process. Some tasks require a continual response to external drivers. These tasks include managing physical systems, such as driving cars. Such tasks usually require mental response times as fast as the slower of two rates: the rate at which outside disturbances arise to which it is useful to respond, and the rate at which the managed system such as a car is capable of responding to such disturbances. When choosing between mind speeds faster than this minimum response rate, one of the main tradeoff s is between getting really good at each task, and coordinating more related tasks. One can either do a more specific task more times over a longer narrower career, or do a wider range of related tasks over a shorter career. During either sort of career one could split off many spurs to do short-term tasks that do not need to be well remembered. Long, narrow careers can achieve high levels of competence while adapting to changing job detail, but require expensive communication between workers to coordinate related tasks. In contrast, having the same worker do a wider range of tasks allows for flexible coordination without communication across those tasks, but comes at the cost of more transitions for each worker between different tasks (Wout et al. 2015), and often lower competence because of less task specialization and a shorter career.
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Conference papers on the topic "Rate-cost tradeoff"

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Xun, Liu, and Wang Zhuo-fu. "The impact of time-cost tradeoff on the Internal Rate of Return for hydropower construction." In 2010 2nd IEEE International Conference on Information Management and Engineering. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icime.2010.5477783.

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Nicolaou, Panicos A., and Deborah L. Thurston. "Machining: Quality, Cost and Environmental Estimation and Tradeoffs." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/dfm-14010.

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Abstract The machining process affects manufacturing cost, product quality and the environment. This paper presents a method for formulating a mathematical model for first estimating quality, cost and environmental impacts of two machining operations (end milling and drilling), and then for tradeoff decision making. The milling quality estimation model is developed through virtual experimentation on a simulation model and the drilling quality estimation model through physical experimentation. Cost is estimated through an activity based costing approach. Environmental BOD and FOG impacts are estimated through stoichiometric analysis of cutting fluids. Inputs include material choice, feed rate, speed and cutting fluids. A case study of an automotive steering knuckle is presented.
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Kostina, Victoria, and Babak Hassibi. "Rate-cost tradeoffs in control." In 2016 54th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing (Allerton). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/allerton.2016.7852366.

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Hamza, Karim, Mohammed Shalaby, Ashraf O. Nassef, Mohamed F. Aly, and Kazuhiro Saitou. "Studies on the Design of Reverse Osmosis Water Desalination Systems for Cost and Energy Efficiency." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28493.

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This paper explores optimal design of reverse osmosis (RO) systems for water desalination. In these systems, salty water flows at high pressure through vessels containing semi-permeable membrane modules. The membranes can allow water to flow through, but prohibit the passage of salt ions. When the pressure is sufficiently high, water molecules will flow through the membranes leaving the salt ions behind, and are collected in a fresh water stream. Typical system design variables include the number and layout of the vessels and membrane modules, as well as the operating pressure and flow rate. This paper presents models for single and two-stage pressure vessel configurations. The models are used to explore the various design scenarios in order to minimize the cost and energy required per unit volume of produced fresh water. Multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) is used to generate the Pareto-optimal design scenarios for the systems. Case studies are considered for four different water salinity concentration levels. Results of the studies indicate that even though the energy required to drive the RO system is a major contributor to the cost of fresh water production, there exists a tradeoff between minimum energy and minimum cost. An additional parametric study on the unit cost of energy is performed in order to explore future trends. The parametric study demonstrates how an increase in the unit cost of energy may shift the minimum cost designs to shift to more energy-efficient design scenarios.
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Figliotti, Matthew P., and Mario W. Gomes. "A Variable-Inertia Flywheel Model for Regenerative Braking on a Bicycle." In ASME 2014 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2014-6276.

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Kinetic energy storage systems for powering vehicles currently exist but are not prevalent. Often the coupling between the flywheel and the vehicle is done using a separate actuator/generator system. This separate actuator system necessarily results in efficiency losses. In this paper we present a design for a spring-coupled variable inertia flywheel which directly couples the flywheel and vehicle. Simulation results for the non-linear dynamic behavior of the system are given and show that it can be used to store more than 99% of the energy of the vehicle when braking, but that there is a tradeoff between device size, deceleration rate, and energy stored. We found that a parameter exploration using three cost functions related to braking time, energy stored, and flywheel radius, shows that one can optimize at most two of the three cost functions. Analytic results are also given for a driven mass-flywheel model, which mitigates some of the problems of the linear spring model. However, this model, if it uses equivalent non-linear springs, is able to store at most 75% of the system energy. The driven-mass/non-linear spring model allows for a lower deceleration and smaller physical size than the linear spring model.
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Kurdi, Mohammad H., Tony L. Schmitz, Raphael T. Haftka, and Brian P. Mann. "A Numerical Study of Uncertainty in Stability and Surface Location Error in High-Speed Milling." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80875.

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High-speed milling offers an efficient tool for developing cost effective manufacturing processes with acceptable dimensional accuracy. Realization of these benefits depends on an appropriate selection of preferred operating conditions. In a previous study, optimization was used to find these conditions for two objectives: material removal rate (MRR) and surface location error (SLE), with a Pareto front or tradeoff curve found for the two competing objectives. However, confidence in the optimization results depends on the uncertainty in the input parameters to the milling model (time finite element analysis was applied here for simultaneous prediction of stability and surface location error). In this paper the uncertainty of these input parameters such as cutting force coefficients, tool modal parameters, and cutting parameters is evaluated. The sensitivity of the maximum stable axial depth, blim, to each input parameter at each spindle speed is determined. This enables identification of parameters with high contribution to stability lobe uncertainty. Two methods are used to calculate uncertainty: 1) Monte Carlo simulation; and 2) numerical derivatives of the system eigenvalues. Once the uncertainty in axial depth is calculated, its effect is observed in the MRR and SLE uncertainties. This allows robust optimization that takes into consideration both performance and uncertainty.
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Botros, Kamal K., Mohammad Shariati, and Swaran Sandhawalia. "Performance of Five Different Natural Gas and Hydrogen Blending Mixer Designs via CFD." In 2022 14th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2022-86895.

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Abstract The aspiration for blending hydrogen (H2) into natural gas (NG) in gas transmission systems is high and is happening globally. However, the mechanics and details of blending the two streams are not well developed or perfected. There is a need to arrive at the best technique and approach to achieve perfect blending to minimize the potential adverse impact on the operation of downstream facilities as well as on the end-users. The challenge is primarily driven by the fact that NG and H2 have vastly different properties, principally densities, that may lead to possible stratification, short circuiting, and pockets of undesirable high concentration of H2 in the blended stream. The paper documents Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation results conducted on five different concepts of mixer/blending designs. These mixer designs are: i) single or multiple side entries, ii) dual spiral ribbon (DSR) type mixer, iii) venturi mixer, iv) hybrid mixer of DSR inside a venturi, and v) NC5 perforated tube bundle type mixer. An example of an NPS 12 (DN300) ultrasonic meter run with an NPS 20 (DN500) header was assumed throughout the analysis. It was found that the venturi mixing concept with a single side entry is the optimum design due to its simplicity, cost effectiveness, and relatively low pressure drop. With this simple design, 99% mixing efficiency is achieved within 13D at maximum flow, where D is the main header diameter downstream of the mixing station. The pressure drop coefficient for this design is estimated to be approx. 3.1, which amounts to ∼6 kPa at maximum flow, which is relatively low. However, mixing will halt at coefficient of variance = 0.2 (80% mixing efficiency) at very low flow rate of a turndown ratio of 20:1. Final selection of a mixer design from the five designs investigated depends on the tradeoff between mixing efficiency, pressure drop and cost.
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Kostina, Victoria, and Babak Hassibi. "Rate-cost tradeoffs in scalar LQG control and tracking with side information." In 2018 56th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing (Allerton). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/allerton.2018.8635889.

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Mahto, Navin, Ayan Nath, and Ramsatish Kaluri. "Global Reaction Mechanism Optimization for CO Prediction With DARS and HEEDS." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-15030.

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Abstract Prediction of carbon monoxide (CO) emission is critical in gas turbine combustion. Compact yet accurate reaction mechanisms are required to predict CO with reasonable computing cost. This study uses SHERPA optimization algorithm to optimize the kinetic rate parameters of a 3-step methane-air global reaction mechanism for improved CO predictions. DARS is used as the chemical kinetics solver. Freely propagating laminar flame and constant pressure reactor solutions with GRI-Mech 3.0 reaction mechanism are used as references for optimization. Tradeoffs in the choice of solution techniques and solver settings for fast and accurate design runs are discussed in the paper. Optimization results and their interpretation for improving the design study is also presented. The optimal results show significant improvements in predictions compared to the baseline case. The workflow and best practices presented in this paper may be extended to optimize global reaction mechanisms for any given range of operating conditions.
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Hu, Junfei, and Michel-Alexandre Cardin. "The Value of Flexible Capacity Expansion Strategies in Design of Complex Decentralized Engineering Systems." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46277.

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This paper presents and applies a simulation-based methodology to assess the value of flexible decentralized engineering systems (i.e., the ability to flexibly expand the capacity in multiple sites over time and space). This work differs from others by analyzing explicitly the tradeoffs between economies of scale (EoS) — which favors building large capacity upfront to reduce unit cost and accommodate high anticipated demand — and the time value of money — which favors deferring capacity investments to the future and deploying smaller modules to reduce unit cost. The study aims to identify the best strategies to deploy capacity of complex engineered systems over time and improve their economic lifecycle performance in the face of uncertainty. This study is illustrated using a waste-to-energy system operated in Singapore. The results show that a decentralized design with the real option to expand the capacity in different locations and times improves the expected net present value by more than 20% under the condition of economies of scale α = 0.8 and discount rate λ = 8%, as compared to a fixed centralized design. The results also indicate that a flexible decentralized design outperforms other rigid designs under certain circumstances since it not only reduces transportation costs, but also has the advantage of flexible deployment strategies, such as deferring investment and avoiding unnecessary capacity. The results help designers and managers better compare centralized and decentralized design opportunities and to recognize the value of flexible decentralized designs in small-scale urban environments. The example also provides guidance for applying flexibility to a wider range of complex engineered systems and to determine the best strategies for deploying the capacity of systems in other urban contexts.
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