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Journal articles on the topic 'Rare earth phosphors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Baig, Nahida, N. S. Dhoble, N. S. Kokode, and S. J. Dhoble. "Photoluminescence Properties of Eu3+ and Ce3+ Activated Calcium Chlorophosphate Via Combustion Synthesis Method." Oriental Journal of Physical Sciences 1, no. 1-2 (August 24, 2016): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojps01.0102.03.

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Calcium chlorophosphate (Ca2PO4Cl) phosphors, activated by rare earth ions Eu3+ and Ce3+ were prepared by urea assisted combustion synthesis technique and their characterization and luminescent properties were studied. The synthesized phosphors were investigated by powdered XRD, SEM and Photoluminescence characterization (PL) methods. PL excitation spectra of Ca2PO4Cl:Eu3+/Ce3+ phosphor exhibit narrow bands in the near ultra violet (n-UV) range, and the PL emission spectra of Ca2PO4Cl: Eu3+/Ce3+ phosphor shows sharp narrow bands typical of rare earth ions. The bands observed in the PL emission and excitation spectra of Ca2PO4Cl: Eu3+/Ce3+ phosphors can be ascribed to the electronic transitions within 4f configurations of rare earth ions. The excitation peaks for Ca2PO4Cl: Eu3+ is in n-UV range. The obtained results suggest that these phosphors may be favorable for lamp industry.

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2

Vlasenko, A. B., and V. V. Bakhmetyev. "Synthesis of rare-earth nanosized phosphors using microwave processing." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2056, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2056/1/012049.

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Abstract Nanomaterials find permanently extending applications in various areas of life. In particular, nanosized phosphors can be used as pharmaceutical carriers capable of emitting ultraviolet or visible light that activates a photosensitizer, thus significantly expanding the possibilities of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of oncological, bacterial and viral diseases. The conditions required for the use of nanosized phosphors in medicine include their fine dispersion and effective luminescence in the red region of visible light spectrum upon stimulation by X-ray radiation of the range accepted for medical applications, particularly for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in many diseases. The aim of this work was to study the effect of microwave treatment of Y2O3:Eu phosphors prepared by hydrothermal synthesis in ethylene glycol at 230 °C for 6 hours, involving the decomposition of mixed acetate. In order to reduce the aggregation and growth of the resulting particles, Aerosil A300 with average particle size 7 nm was added to the reaction mixture in the course of hydrothermal synthesis in the ratio 1:1 relating to the obtained phosphor. The microwave treatment was carried out at 800 °C for 5 minutes. The developed method provided Y2O3:Eu phosphor samples featuring with increased luminescence intensity in the region 610…700 nm compared to similar phosphors earlier prepared using the rapid thermal annealing (RTA) procedure.

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3

Shinde, K. N., and S. J. Dhoble. "Luminescence in Rare Earth Activated AlPO₄ Phosphor." Advanced Materials Research 306-307 (August 2011): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.306-307.171.

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Rare earth activated AlPO4 phosphors were synthesized by solid-state reactions and the completion of the synthesis was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. Under near-ultraviolet (nUV) light, the Eu3+ emission in AlPO4 consists of the transitions from 5D0 to 7FJ shows orange/red region and the AlPO4 :Dy3+ phosphor shows an efficient blue and yellow band emissions, which originates from the 4F9/26H15/2 and 4F9/26H13/2 transitions of Dy3+ ion. The excitation spectra of the phosphors are extending from 300 to 400 nm, which are characteristics of nUV excited LED. The effect of the Eu3+ and Dy3+ concentration on the luminescence properties of AlPO4 phosphors is also studied.

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4

Suresh, K., K. V. R. Murthy, Ch Atchyutha Rao, and N. V. Poornachandra Rao. "Rare Earth Doped Alkali Earth Sulfide Phosphors for White-Light LEDs." ISRN Condensed Matter Physics 2011 (January 19, 2011): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/392917.

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CaS:Eu and SrS:Eu phosphors were synthesized by solid-state reaction. The effects of doping concentrations on luminescent properties of phosphors are investigated. The samples are excited using electroluminescent blue light emitting diode (460 nm) to examine them as potential coating phosphors for white-light LEDs. The excitation and emission spectra of these phosphors are broadband which can be viewed as the typical emission of Eu2+ ascribed to the 4f–5d transitions. Because of their broadband absorption in the region 400–630 nm, these phosphors meet the application requirements for blue LED chips. A white-light LED was fabricated through the integration of a 460 nm chip. The results indicate that these phosphors can be considered as candidates for the application in blue LED chip-based white-light LEDs.

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5

Xiong, H. H., C. Zhu, X. Zhao, Z. Q. Wang, and H. Lin. "Rare Earth Doped Lanthanum Calcium Borate Polycrystalline Red Phosphors." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/819057.

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Single-phased Sm3+doped lanthanum calcium borate (SmxLa2−xCaB10O19, SLCB,x=0.06) polycrystalline red phosphor was prepared by solid-state reaction method. The phosphor has two main excitation peaks located at 398.5 nm and 469.0 nm, which are nicely in accordance with the emitting wavelengths of commercial near-UV and blue light emitting diode chips. Under the excitation of 398.0 nm, the dominant red emission of Sm3+in SLCB phosphor is centered at 598.0 nm corresponding to the transition of4G5/2 → 6H7/2. The Eu3+fluorescence in the red spectral region is applied as a spectroscopic probe to reveal the local site symmetry in the host lattice and, hence, Judd-Ofelt parametersΩt (t=2, 4)of Eu3+in the phosphor matrix are derived to be3.62×10-20and1.97×10-20 cm2, indicating a high asymmetrical and strong covalent environment around rare earth luminescence centers. Herein, the red phosphors are promising good candidates employed in white light emitting diodes (LEDs) illumination.

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6

Luitel, Hom Nath, Rumi Chand, Toshio Torikai, Mitsunori Yada, and Takanori Watari. "Rare Earth FreeZn3V2O8Phosphor with Controlled Microstructure and Its Photocatalytic Activity." International Journal of Photoenergy 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/410613.

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Microsphere of rare earth free phosphor,Zn3V2O8, with broadband yellowish white emission was synthesized by combustion route and compared with the hydrothermal, sol-gel, and solid state reaction methods. The phosphor samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. UV-visible absorption and photoluminescence (PL) emission and excitation spectra were investigated for these phosphors.Zn3V2O8phosphor containing 10 mol% of H3BO3flux exhibited enhanced PL emission showing broadband from 450 nm to 750 nm. Effect of stoichiometry of Zn and V on the host lattice and its effect on the PL emission spectra were studied. Series of Mg3V2O8,Ca3V2O8, and Sr3V2O8phosphors were also synthesized and compared to theZn3V2O8phosphor in terms of PL emission and internal quantum yield, and it was found thatZn3V2O8is the most efficient phosphor among the other phosphors studied with quantum yield of 60%. The visible light irradiated photocatalytic activity of these phosphors was investigated and it was found that the hydrothermalZn3V2O8exhibited enhanced activity.

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7

Ronda, C. R., T. Jüstel, and H. Nikol. "Rare earth phosphors: fundamentals and applications." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 275-277 (July 1998): 669–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388(98)00416-2.

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8

Yen, Clive H., and Rui Cheong. "Application of Green Solvents for Rare Earth Element Recovery from Aluminate Phosphors." Minerals 11, no. 3 (March 10, 2021): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11030287.

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Two processes applying green solvents for recovering rare earth elements (REEs) from different types of aluminate phosphors are demonstrated in this report. For magnesium aluminate-type phosphors, a pretreatment with peroxide calcination was implemented first, and then followed by a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) process. Supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) provides an effective and green medium for extracting REEs from dry materials. With the addition of a complex agent, tri-n-butyl phosphate-nitric acid complex, highly efficient and selective extraction of REEs using supercritical carbon dioxide can be achieved. The highest extraction efficiency was 92% for europium from the europium doped barium magnesium aluminate phosphor (BAM), whereas the highest extraction selectivity was more than 99% for the REEs combined from the trichromatic phosphor. On the other hand, for strontium aluminate type phosphors, a direct acid leaching process is suggested. It was found out that acetic acid, which is considerably green, could have high recovery rate for dysprosium (>99%) and europium (~83%) from this strontium aluminate phosphor materials. Nevertheless, both green processes showed promising results and could have high potential for industrial applications.

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9

Xie, Rong Jun, Mamoru Mitomo, and Naoto Hirosaki. "Luminescence Properties of Rare-Earth Doped α-SiAlONs." Key Engineering Materials 317-318 (August 2006): 797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.317-318.797.

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Rare-earth doped Ca-α-SiAlON phosphors, with the compositions of (Ca1-3/2xREx)m/2Si12-m-nAlm+nOnN16-n (RE = Ce, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb and Dy, 0.5 ≤ m = 2n ≤ 3.0), were prepared by reaction at 1700oC for 2h under 10 atm N2. The concentration of rare earths varied from 3 to 30 at% with respect to Ca. The photoluminescence properties of the powders were investigated at room temperature. The results show that (i) strong visible emissions are observed in rare-earth doped Ca-α-SiAlONs; (ii) the emission properties can be optimized by tailoring the activator concentration and the composition of the α-SiAlON host crystal; and (iii) the yellow Eu2+-doped Ca-α-SiAlON phosphors can be used in warm white LEDs.

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10

Yang, Delong, Mingming Yu, Yunqi Zhao, Mingyu Cheng, and Guangjun Mei. "Leaching Kinetics of Y and Eu from Waste Phosphors under Microwave Irradiation." Processes 11, no. 7 (June 27, 2023): 1939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11071939.

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Waste fluorescent powder contains a large amount of rare earth elements, which have a high value for recovery and utilization. In order to achieve the rapid and efficient leaching of rare earth elements in these waste phosphors, microwave-assisted leaching of rare earth elements Y and Eu from the waste phosphor with hydrochloric acid was studied. The maximum leaching rates of Y (99.84%) and Eu (89.82%) were obtained at 600 W microwave power, 60 min microwave radiation time at 60 °C. The leaching kinetics showed that the microwave leaching process of Y and Eu conforms to the chemical reaction control model, and the apparent activation energy is 25.30 kJ/mol and 24.78 kJ/mol. Compared with the conventional heating method, the microwave leaching process can obviously reduce the reaction activation energy, shorten the reaction time, and achieve the rapid and efficient leaching of rare earth elements in the waste phosphors.

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11

Jung, Jae-Yong. "Luminescent Color-Adjustable Europium and Terbium Co-Doped Strontium Molybdate Phosphors Synthesized at Room Temperature Applied to Flexible Composite for LED Filter." Crystals 12, no. 4 (April 15, 2022): 552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12040552.

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In this study, terbium and europium rare-earth ions were single-doped and co-doped to synthesized SoMoO4 phosphor at room temperature. The samples prepared synthesized crystalline SrMoO4 powder by the co-precipitation. Samples had a tetragonal structure in XRD analysis and d(112) spacing was changed by rare-earth doping. As the amount of rare earth added increased, a secondary phase appeared, and the structure changed. The synthesized SrMoO4:Tb3+ phosphors showed a green light emission at 544 nm under 287 nm, SrMoO4:Eu3+ phosphors showed a red light emission at 613 nm under 290 nm, and SrMoO4:[Eu3+]/[Tb3+] phosphor showed a yellow-white light emission at 544 and 613 nm when excited at 287 nm. The synthesized phosphor exhibited a change in green and red luminescence intensity based on the amount of Eu3+ doped and showed strong red luminescence as the Eu3+ doping increased. To use the SrMoO4:[Eu3+]/[Tb3+] phosphor with these characteristics in an LED color filter, a flexible composite prepared by mixing with PDMS showed green, red, and yellow-white emission under a UV-lamp.

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12

Shea, Lauren E. "Low-Voltage Cathodoluminescent Phosphors." Electrochemical Society Interface 7, no. 2 (June 1, 1998): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.f05982if.

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Phosphors have been used for the display of information since the invention of the cathode-ray tube (CRT) by Karl Ferdinand Braun in 1897. With the development of color television, an effort spanning approximately 30 years, came the most significant advances in phosphor technology. The most noteworthy was the shift to the all-sulfide system, and discovery of the red, rare-earth oxysulfide phosphors.

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13

Moine, B., and G. Bizarri. "Rare-earth doped phosphors: oldies or goldies?" Materials Science and Engineering: B 105, no. 1-3 (December 2003): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2003.08.004.

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14

Noto, L. L., S. S. Pitale, O. M. Ntwaeaborwa, J. J. Terblans, and H. C. Swart. "Cathodoluminescent stability of rare earth tantalate phosphors." Journal of Luminescence 140 (August 2013): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2013.02.051.

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15

Yang, Shuai, Yuning Wu, Fangyu Yue, Ruijuan Qi, Bin Jiang, Jiahao Wu, Yang Shen, et al. "MGa2B2O7:Bi3+,Al3+ (M = Sr, Ba) blue phosphors with a quantum yield of 99% and negative thermal quenching." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 8, no. 18 (2021): 4257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qi00671a.

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The quantum yields of non-rare-earth blue phosphors SrGa2B2O7:Bi3+,Al3+ and BaGa2B2O7:Bi3+,Al3+ reach record high values of 96% and 99%, respectively. The SrGa2B2O7:Bi3+,Al3+ phosphor exhibits negative thermal quenching.

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16

Wu, Yu Feng, Rui Qing Li, Qi Jun Zhang, and Wei Wang. "Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Waste Trichromatic Fluorescent Phosphors." Advanced Materials Research 788 (September 2013): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.788.279.

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Two methods, direct acid leaching, alkali fusion and acid leaching, were adopted to deal with the Waste Trichromatic Fluorescent Phosphors (WTFPs). The research results showed that using the direct acid leaching method can only dissolved the Red phosphors. And yet, high-temperature alkali fusion could effectively destroy the Mg-Al spinel structure of the components of the Blue and the Green phosphors, and make REEs dissolved completely. The acid leaching efficiency of REEs could reach 100% when the weight ratio of NaOH with WTFPs is 6:1, and the calcination temperature is 900 °C and the reaction time is 4 hrs.

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17

MATSUSHIMA, Yuta. "Rare-Earth-Free Phosphors Based on Vanadate Compounds." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 87, no. 4 (2014): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai.87.118.

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18

Zeng, Jing Hui, Zhi Hua Li, Ji Su, Leyu Wang, Ruoxue Yan, and Yadong Li. "Synthesis of complex rare earth fluoride nanocrystal phosphors." Nanotechnology 17, no. 14 (June 26, 2006): 3549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/17/14/032.

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19

Shmulovich, J., G. W. Berkstresser, C. D. Brandle, and A. Valentino. "Single‐Crystal Rare‐Earth‐Doped Yttrium Orthosilicate Phosphors." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 135, no. 12 (December 1, 1988): 3141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2095518.

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20

Nazarov, Mihail, and Do Young Noh. "Rare earth double activated phosphors for different applications." Journal of Rare Earths 28 (December 2010): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1002-0721(10)60390-0.

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21

Li, Wenlian, Jiaqi Yu, Gang Sun, Yi Yu, Yu Zhao, and Tetsao Tsutsui. "Rare-earth chelate phosphors for organic EL devices." Journal of the Society for Information Display 6, no. 3 (1998): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1889/1.1985219.

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22

MASAI, Hirokazu. "Preparation of rare-earth-free oxide glass phosphors." Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 121, no. 1410 (2013): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2109/jcersj2.121.150.

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23

RONDA, C. R., T. JUESTEL, and H. NIKOL. "ChemInform Abstract: Rare Earth Phosphors: Fundamentals and Applications." ChemInform 29, no. 45 (June 19, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199845287.

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24

Puppalwar, S. P., S. J. Dhoble, and Animesh Kumar. "Photoluminescence in rare earth-doped complex hexafluoride phosphors." Luminescence 27, no. 1 (July 8, 2011): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bio.1322.

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25

Song, Hongwei, Guohui Pan, Xue Bai, Suwen Li, Hongquan Yu, and Hui Zhang. "One-Dimensional Rare Earth Compounds and Complexes: Preparation and Improved Photoluminescence Properties." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 3 (March 1, 2008): 1316–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.18189.

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One-dimensional nanosized phosphors demonstrate special structural and photoluminescence properties, which have application potential in some optical fields. In this article, we present our recent progress on preparation and luminescence properties of some one-dimensional rare earth compounds and complexes, the core–shell oxide nanowires prepared by a two-step hydrothermal route, the nanowires of some inorganic compounds doped with rare earths and rare earth complexes/PVP composites prepared by the electrospinning method, and the rare earth complexes in the SBA-15 mesoporous molecule sieves. In these systems, some novel or improved photoluminescence properties are observed such as improved luminescence quantum yield, thermal stability and/or photostability, and depressed thermal effect in upconversion luminescence.

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26

Uheda, Kyota. "Application of Nitride and Oxynitride Compounds to Various Phosphors for White LED." Key Engineering Materials 403 (December 2008): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.403.15.

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Multiternary nitride and oxynitride compounds doped with rare earth ions, such as Eu2+ and Ce3+ have been enthusiastically applied as various phosphors to white LED. New red and green phosphors, CaAlSiN3:Eu and Ba3Si6O12N2:Eu, have been successfully synthesized, recently. The red phosphor has intense emission around 650 nm under two different irradiations at 405 and 455 nm from blue- and near UV-LED chips, respectively; while strong emission is observed around 520 nm from the green phosphor. Both phosphors also show small thermal quenching over the temperatures up to 150 °C. In addition, both LaSi3N5:Ce and La3Si8O4N11:Ce in lanthanum silicon nitride and oxynitride were examined as candidates for a blue phosphor in white LED with near UV-LED chip.

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27

Mihail, Nazarov, and Zamoryanskaya Maria. "Luminescence of yttrium tantalate doubly activated with europium and terbium under x-ray and electron beam excitations." Moldavian Journal of the Physical Sciences 21, no. 1 (December 2022): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.53081/mjps.2022.21-1.01.

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This paper reports the luminescence spectra of YTaO4 activated with rare-earth ions, such as Eu3+ and Tb3+. The effect of these rare-earth ions on the luminescence of yttrium tantalate phosphors is studied. The luminescent properties are studied under X-ray and electron beam excitations. It is found that, under these excitations, the emission centers of the rare-earth activators (Eu3+, Tb3+) efficiently contribute to the overall luminescence. Color cathodoluminescence images clearly show the dependence of chromaticity on the different activators. These rare-earth activated phosphors exhibiting various luminescence chromaticities are promising materials for optoelectronic applications and for X-ray intensifying screens in medical diagnosis, because they provide a broad variation of visible photoluminescence from blue to red.

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28

Arroyos, Guilherme, and Regina Célia Galvão Frem. "Rare earth phosphors based on spherical infinite coordination polymers." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 23 (2018): 19070–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj04315a.

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29

Shanker, V., D. Haranath, and G. Swati. "Persistence Mechanisms and Applications of Long Afterglow Phosphors." Defect and Diffusion Forum 361 (January 2015): 69–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.361.69.

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This article presents a broad review of long persistence (LP) materials that are a special kind of photon energy storage and conversion materials. They are also known as long afterglow phosphors or long decay phosphors (LDP). These phosphors can be readily excited by any ordinary household lamp, sunlight and/or ambient room lights and glow continuously in the dark for hours together without involving any radioactive elements. It is the modifications that are made to crystalline host lattice that exhibit these unusual properties related to persistence due to effective doping of some transition or rare-earth ions. A slight variation in the processing parameters such as type of reducing atmosphere, stoichiometric excess of one or more constituents, the nature of fluxes, and the intentional addition of carbon or rare-earth halides can drastically shift the emission colors and persistence times of the LP phosphors in the visible spectrum. Historically, Cu-doped ZnS phosphor had been a traditional LP material with its afterglow time less than an hour. The emission color of these LP phosphors was confined between green and yellow-green region only. However, synthesis of blue and red-emitting phosphors with long persistence times had been always a challenging task. This review article covers the recent advances in the blue, green and red-emitting LP phosphors/nanophosphors, persistence mechanism involved and the basic problems associated with their luminescence efficiency and persistence times. Modifications to existing nanosynthesis protocols to formulate a nontoxic Green Chemistry Route are also presented.Contents of Paper1. Long Afterglow Phosphors

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30

Wakihara, Toru, Yuri Saito, Junichi Tatami, Katsutoshi Komeya, Takeshi Meguro, Yumi Fukuda, Naotoshi Matsuda, and Hironori Asai. "Synthesis and Characterization of β-SiAlON Phosphor Powder Prepared by Reduction Nitridation of a Zeolite." Key Engineering Materials 403 (December 2008): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.403.141.

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Rare-earth activated oxynitride or nitride luminescent materials have attracted considerable attention due to their potential applications as phosphors and pigments. Eu2+-doped -sialon has been reported to represent a new class of green phosphors with high efficiency. In this study, -sialon phosphor was synthesized by reduction nitridation of a zeolite. Eu ion-exchanged zeolite was fired at 1400 °C for 1 hour under NH3 gas containing 0.5 vol%C3H8. As a result, formation of -sialon with green emission under UV irradiation was confirmed.

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31

Wang, Xiangfu, Qing Liu, Yanyan Bu, Chun-Sheng Liu, Tao Liu, and Xiaohong Yan. "Optical temperature sensing of rare-earth ion doped phosphors." RSC Advances 5, no. 105 (2015): 86219–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra16986k.

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Optical temperature sensing is a promising method to achieve the contactless temperature measurement and large-scale imaging. The current status of optical thermometry of rare-earth ions doped phosphors is reviewed in detail.

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32

Silvestri, Andrea, Maria Laura Ligabue, Gianluca Malavasi, and Gigliola Lusvardi. "Preparation and Luminescence Properties of Ba5Si8O21 Long Persistent Phosphors Doped with Rare-Earth Elements." Materials 12, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12010183.

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The phosphors of formula Ba5Si8O21:Eu2+,Dy3+ were synthesized and studied in order to improve their properties. Their synthesis conditions were evaluated as a function of precursors, crucible composition, flux agents, dopants and temperatures. The samples were characterised by means of a systematic investigation through elemental, kinetic, mineralogical (both qualitative and quantitative), and morphological analysis. This study allows for a careful evaluation of the parameters that influence the formation and properties of Ba5Si8O21:Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphors. As for the synthesis conditions, the use of Na2SiO3, BaCO3 and NH4Cl as precursors was very important to reduce the temperature and time of synthesis. The reducing atmosphere produced with purified coal was cheaper and gave results similar to the more traditional gas mixture (H2/N2). At the end of this study, a phosphor with improved long persistent phosphorescence (LPP) characteristics was obtained with Ba/Si = 0.7, Eu/Si = 2.8 × 10−3 and Dy/Si = 3.6 × 10−3 following a 6 h-synthesis in a quartz crucible.

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33

Xie, Rong-Jun, Naoto Hirosaki, Yuanqiang Li, and Takashi Takeda. "Rare-Earth Activated Nitride Phosphors: Synthesis, Luminescence and Applications." Materials 3, no. 6 (June 21, 2010): 3777–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma3063777.

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34

Psuja, P., D. Hreniak, and W. Strek. "Rare-Earth Doped Nanocrystalline Phosphors for Field Emission Displays." Journal of Nanomaterials 2007 (2007): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/81350.

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The cathodoluminescence properties of rare-earth (RE = Ce, Eu, Tb) doped nanocrystalline phosphors (Y2O3,Y3Al5O12) were investigated. Their structure and morphology were determined and correlated with optical properties. The effect of grain sizes on emission yield of RE doped nanophosphors has been investigated. A possibility of application of RE doped nanophosphors for efficient field emission display (FED) devices has been discussed.

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35

Wang, Wei-Ning, Takashi Ogi, Yutaka Kaihatsu, Ferry Iskandar, and Kikuo Okuyama. "Novel rare-earth-free tunable-color-emitting BCNO phosphors." Journal of Materials Chemistry 21, no. 14 (2011): 5183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0jm02215b.

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36

Kobayashi, Takeshi, Kyota Uheda, Haruo Naruke, and Toshihiro Yamase. "A Novel Preparation of Thiogallate-based Rare-earth Phosphors." Chemistry Letters 25, no. 7 (July 1996): 567–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.1996.567.

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37

Anishia, S. R., M. T. Jose, O. Annalakshmi, V. Ponnusamy, and V. Ramasamy. "Dosimetric properties of rare earth doped LiCaBO3 thermoluminescence phosphors." Journal of Luminescence 130, no. 10 (October 2010): 1834–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2010.04.019.

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38

Hirajima, T., A. Bissombolo, K. Sasaki, K. Nakayama, H. Hirai, and M. Tsunekawa. "Floatability of rare earth phosphors from waste fluorescent lamps." International Journal of Mineral Processing 77, no. 4 (December 2005): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2005.05.002.

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39

MADHUKUMAR, K., K. RAJENDRA BABU, K. C. AJITH PRASAD, J. JAMES, T. S. ELIAS, V. PADMANABHAN, and C. M. K. NAIR. "LUMINESCENCE STUDIES OF RARE EARTH DOPED CALCIUM ALUMINATE PHOSPHORS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 21, no. 12 (May 10, 2007): 1971–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979207037223.

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Photoluminescence (PL) and Thermoluminescence (TL) properties of Cerium ( Ce 3+) and Terbium ( Tb 3+) singly doped and multidoped monocalcium aluminate phosphors are studied. The suitability of monocalcium aluminate material as a luminescent host is analyzed. The nature of trap centers and the possibility of energy transfer between the dopant ions are discussed. The suitability of the material for radiation dosimetry application is also studied.

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Sahu, Pailendra Kumar, Meera Ramrakhiani, and Sadhana Agrawal. "Photoluminescence Studies of Rare Earth Doped Apatite Structured Phosphors." Journal of Fluorescence 29, no. 5 (September 2019): 1249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10895-019-02439-4.

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41

Ekambaram, S., and K. C. Patil. "Synthesis and properties of rare earth doped lamp phosphors." Bulletin of Materials Science 18, no. 7 (November 1995): 921–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02745285.

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Madhukumar, K., K. Rajendra Babu, K. C. Ajith Prasad, J. James, T. S. Elias, V. Padmanabhan, and C. M. K. Nair. "Thermoluminescence dosimetry of rare earth doped calcium aluminate phosphors." Bulletin of Materials Science 29, no. 2 (April 2006): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02704603.

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43

Schwarz, L., A. M. Gurvich, S. I. Golovkova, D. Starick, and G. Herzog. "Rare earth doped oxyhalide phosphors for X-ray conversion." Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 21, no. 1 (January 1993): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1359-0189(93)90041-7.

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44

Muresan, L. E., E. J. Popovici, I. Perhaita, E. Indrea, J. Oro, and N. Casan Pastor. "Rare earth activated yttrium aluminate phosphors with modulated luminescence." Luminescence 31, no. 4 (November 10, 2015): 929–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bio.3051.

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45

Liang, Boxin, Shuangping Yi, Gengqiao Hu, Zhixiong Fang, and Zhengfa Hu. "Synthesis and Research of rare earth-doped color tunable Sr3Gd(PO4)3 phosphors." International Journal of Modern Physics B 33, no. 18 (July 20, 2019): 1950201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979219502011.

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Rare earth-doped Sr3Gd(PO4)3 and emission color tunable phosphors Ce[Formula: see text]/Sm[Formula: see text] co-doped Sr3Gd(PO4)3 have been synthesized by a traditional solid-state method. These phosphors were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FE-SEM, diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), photoluminescence spectra and lifetime measurements. The quenching concentration of Ce[Formula: see text] ions in Sr3Gd(PO4)3 was about 9 mol.%. An effective energy transfer (ET) from Ce[Formula: see text] ions to Sm[Formula: see text] ions in Sr3Gd(PO4)3 was speculated by the overlapped spectrum for the emission peak of Ce[Formula: see text] and the excitation peak of Sm[Formula: see text] ions. It is demonstrated that the ET mechanism is resonant through the dipole–dipole interaction and the critical distance between Ce[Formula: see text] and Sm[Formula: see text] in Sr3Gd(PO[Formula: see text] is calculated to 15.22 Å. Moreover, Sr3Gd[Formula: see text](PO4)3:0.09Ce[Formula: see text], xSm[Formula: see text] can be adjusted systematically by generating blue light to white light in the CIE diagram which coincide with the ET process of Ce[Formula: see text] ions to Sm[Formula: see text] ions. The Sr3Gd[Formula: see text](PO4)3:0.09Ce[Formula: see text], 0.01Sm[Formula: see text] phosphor also perform at a good thermal stability. All of these experimental results in this work can be served as a potential multicolor tunable phosphor for ultraviolet pumped white light appliance.

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Zharkov, Dmitrii, Andrey Leontyev, Artemii Smelev, Victor Nikiforov, Vladimir Lobkov, Masfer Alkahtani, and Philip Hemmer. "Upconversion nanoparticles based on rare-earth elements." EPJ Web of Conferences 220 (2019): 03033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201922003033.

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Using the hydrothermal method, we synthesized water soluble YVO4: Yb, Er nanoparticles with a size less than 10 nm. Nanoparticles exhibit intense luminescence in the green region due to Er3+ ions when excited by laser radiation at a wavelength of 980 nm as a result of the up-conversion process. Bright and stable luminescence also persists in an aqueous solution of nanoparticles. Based on experimental data, it can be argued that the objects obtained are promising in biological applications, as well as up-conversion phosphors.

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Li, Jianguo, Hongying Dong, Fan Yang, Liangcheng Sun, Zhigang Zhao, Ruixi Bai, and Hao Zhang. "Simple Preparation of LaPO4:Ce, Tb Phosphors by an Ionic-Liquid-Driven Supported Liquid Membrane System." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 14 (July 12, 2019): 3424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143424.

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In this work, LaPO4:Ce, Tb phosphors were prepared by firing a LaPO4:Ce, Tb precipitate using an ionic-liquid-driven supported liquid membrane system. The entire system consisted of three parts: a mixed rare earth ion supply phase, a phosphate supply phase, and an ionic-liquid-driven supporting liquid membrane phase. This method showed the advantages of a high flux, high efficiency, and more controllable reaction process. The release rate of PO43− from the liquid film under different types of ionic liquid, the ratio of the rare earth ions in the precursor mixture, and the structure, morphology, and photoluminescence properties of LaPO4:Ce, Tb were investigated by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, scanning electron microscopy, and photoluminescence emission spectra methods. The results showed that a pure phase of lanthanum orthophosphate with a monoclinic structure can be formed. Due to differences in the anions in the rare earth supply phase, the prepared phosphors showed micro-spherical (when using rare earth sulfate as the raw material) and nanoscale stone-shape (when using rare earth nitrate as the raw material) morphologies. Moreover, the phosphors prepared by this method had good luminescent properties, reaching a maximum emission intensity under 277 nm excitation with a predominant green emission at 543 nm which corresponded to the 5D4-7F5 transition of Tb3+.

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Atchyutha Rao, Ch, and K. V. R. Murthy. "SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF EU3+DOPED CALCIUM SILICATE PHOSPHOR BY CONVENTIONAL SOLID STATE REACTION METHOD." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 762–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12209.

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Calcium Silicate phosphor acquires a higher luminous efficiency when it is doped with rare earth activated ions. Silicate phosphors are used for a fluorescent, a cathode-ray tube, a luminous body, a vacuum ultraviolet excitation light emitting element etc. The silicates of calcium are known for their thermal stability, high temperature strength, low thermal expansion, cheep residence and chemical inertness. The present paper reports on the synthesis, characterization and photoluminescence properties of Eu3+ doped calcium silicate phosphor prepared by conventional solid state reaction method heating at 12000C for 3 hrs. The received cakes are grounded for 30 minutes each. The phosphors are prepared and the received powder is subjected to PL, XRD, SEM, EDAX and CIE analysis. The following section discusses and the experimental results are mentioned in these phosphors. The present Phosphor can act as a host for red light emission in many display devices and technological applications.

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49

Atchyutha Rao, Ch, and K. V. R. Murthy. "SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF EU3+DOPED CALCIUM SILICATE PHOSPHOR BY CONVENTIONAL SOLID STATE REACTION METHOD." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 762–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12209.

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Abstract:

Calcium Silicate phosphor acquires a higher luminous efficiency when it is doped with rare earth activated ions. Silicate phosphors are used for a fluorescent, a cathode-ray tube, a luminous body, a vacuum ultraviolet excitation light emitting element etc. The silicates of calcium are known for their thermal stability, high temperature strength, low thermal expansion, cheep residence and chemical inertness. The present paper reports on the synthesis, characterization and photoluminescence properties of Eu3+ doped calcium silicate phosphor prepared by conventional solid state reaction method heating at 12000C for 3 hrs. The received cakes are grounded for 30 minutes each. The phosphors are prepared and the received powder is subjected to PL, XRD, SEM, EDAX and CIE analysis. The following section discusses and the experimental results are mentioned in these phosphors. The present Phosphor can act as a host for red light emission in many display devices and technological applications.

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50

Boonsin, Rachod, Geneviève Chadeyron, Jean-Philippe Roblin, Damien Boyer, and Rachid Mahiou. "Development of rare-earth-free phosphors for eco-energy lighting based LEDs." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 37 (2015): 9580–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc01516b.

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