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Journal articles on the topic 'Rare-earth free'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Skokov, K. P., and O. Gutfleisch. "Heavy rare earth free, free rare earth and rare earth free magnets - Vision and reality." Scripta Materialia 154 (September 2018): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2018.01.032.

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2

Betancourt, I., J. Zamora, A. Jiménez, R. P. del Real, and M. Vázquez. "Rare earth-free hard magnetic microwires." Scripta Materialia 153 (August 2018): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2018.04.045.

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3

Shao, Zefan, and Shenqiang Ren. "Rare-earth-free magnetically hard ferrous materials." Nanoscale Advances 2, no. 10 (2020): 4341–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0na00519c.

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4

Guo, Fu, Mengke Zhao, Zhidong Xia, Yongping Lei, Xiaoyan Li, and Yaowu Shi. "Lead-free solders with rare earth additions." JOM 61, no. 6 (June 2009): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-009-0086-7.

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5

MATSUSHIMA, Yuta. "Rare-Earth-Free Phosphors Based on Vanadate Compounds." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 87, no. 4 (2014): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai.87.118.

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6

MASAI, Hirokazu. "Preparation of rare-earth-free oxide glass phosphors." Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 121, no. 1410 (2013): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2109/jcersj2.121.150.

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7

Balamurugan, B., B. Das, V. R. Shah, R. Skomski, X. Z. Li, and D. J. Sellmyer. "Assembly of uniaxially aligned rare-earth-free nanomagnets." Applied Physics Letters 101, no. 12 (September 17, 2012): 122407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4753950.

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8

Zhao, Rong Rong. "A free‐flooding rare‐earth iron hexagonal transducer." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 103, no. 5 (May 1998): 2756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.422473.

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9

Wu, C. M. L., and Y. W. Wong. "Rare-earth additions to lead-free electronic solders." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 18, no. 1-3 (September 12, 2006): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-006-9022-6.

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10

Bonthu, Sai Sudheer Reddy, AKM Arafat, and Seungdeog Choi. "Comparisons of Rare-Earth and Rare-Earth-Free External Rotor Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motors." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 64, no. 12 (December 2017): 9729–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2017.2711580.

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11

The Huy, Bui, Zayakhuu Gerelkhuu, The-Long Phan, Ngo Tran, and Yong-Ill Lee. "Rare-earth free sensitizer in NaLuCrF4:Er upconversion material." Journal of Rare Earths 37, no. 4 (April 2019): 345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jre.2018.07.011.

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12

Wang, Wei-Ning, Takashi Ogi, Yutaka Kaihatsu, Ferry Iskandar, and Kikuo Okuyama. "Novel rare-earth-free tunable-color-emitting BCNO phosphors." Journal of Materials Chemistry 21, no. 14 (2011): 5183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0jm02215b.

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13

Gornostaeva, O. V., R. Y. Babkin, K. V. Lamonova, S. M. Orel, and Yu G. Pashkevich. "Effective nuclear charge approximation for free rare-earth ions." Spectroscopy Letters 50, no. 9 (October 11, 2017): 482–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00387010.2017.1360359.

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14

Polikarpov, E., D. Catalini, A. Padmaperuma, P. Das, T. Lemmon, B. Arey, and C. A. Fernandez. "A high efficiency rare earth-free orange emitting phosphor." Optical Materials 46 (August 2015): 614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2015.04.013.

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15

Xu, Jian, Nerine J. Cherepy, Jumpei Ueda, and Setsuhisa Tanabe. "Red persistent luminescence in rare earth-free AlN:Mn2+ phosphor." Materials Letters 206 (November 2017): 175–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2017.07.015.

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16

BUCHER, J. P., and L. A. BLOOMFIELD. "MAGNETISM OF FREE TRANSITION METAL AND RARE EARTH CLUSTERS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 07, no. 04 (February 14, 1993): 1079–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979293002249.

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When ferromagnetic (monodomain) transition metal clusters pass through a magnetic field gradient, they deflect towards increasing magnetic field. For transition metal clusters with a size between N=10 and N=400 atoms, the observable effective magnetic moment (similar to magnetization), measured from the cluster deflection, scales with magnetic field, cluster size and inverse of cluster vibrational temperature. The measurements are in quantitative agreement with a picture in which the cluster moments are subject to rapid orientational fluctuations and explore the whole distribution of magnetic moment projections on the field axis on the time scale of the experiment. Intrinsic magnetic moments per atom in excess of the bulk values are obtained. While transition metal clusters show a size independent behavior of the magnetic properties down to N=20, similar to what was observed previously for transition metal clusters in matrices, rare earth clusters are quite sensitive to symmetry (anisotropy) and exhibit dramatic variations in their magnetic behavior as a function of size. These size-specific variations of the magnetic behavior of clusters have never been seen before. Except for some “magic numbers”, for which the statistical interpretation still holds, an anomalous spreading of the deflection profile is observed. This spreading is due to a strong coupling of the magnetic moment with the cluster body. When the moment is locked to the lattice by strong crystal field anisotropies, the rotational temperature starts to play an important role in the interpretation of experimental data. This distinct behavior points to the fact that 3d and 4f ferromagnets react quite differently to a confined geometry. This dissimilarity is due in part to a different relative importance of magnetic anisotropy energy and exchange energy. It is found that Gd and Tb clusters retain their magnetic order for temperatures well above their bulk Curie temperatures. Three aspects of cluster magnetic properties can be determined by molecular beam experiments: (i) The effective magnetic moment of a cluster (equivalent to magnetization in a laboratory reference frame), (ii) the intrinsic quasi ground state properties in the reference frame of the particle, such as the magnetic moment per atom and the temperature dependence of the order parameter, and (iii) the dynamics of the cluster as a whole. While the vibrational temperature T vib is almost an experimental input, the rotational temperature T rot can be inferred in the case of strong anisotropy.

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17

Ramirez, Ainissa G., Hareesh Mavoori, and Sungho Jin. "Bonding nature of rare-earth-containing lead-free solders." Applied Physics Letters 80, no. 3 (January 21, 2002): 398–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1435075.

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18

Nummy, T. J., S. P. Bennett, T. Cardinal, and D. Heiman. "Large coercivity in nanostructured rare-earth-free MnxGa films." Applied Physics Letters 99, no. 25 (December 19, 2011): 252506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3671329.

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19

Akila, R., K. T. Jacob, and A. K. Shukla. "Standard free energies of formation of rare earth sesquisulphides." Journal of Materials Science 22, no. 6 (June 1987): 2087–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01132944.

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20

Dudek, M. A., and N. Chawla. "Oxidation Behavior of Rare-Earth-Containing Pb-Free Solders." Journal of Electronic Materials 38, no. 2 (September 16, 2008): 210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-008-0544-y.

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21

Li, Zhuang, Di Wu, and Wei Lv. "Application of Rare Earth Elements in Lead-Free “Green Steel”." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 687–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.687.

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In this paper, free cutting austenitic stainless steel containing rare earths was investigated. The machinability tests were conducted by using an YDC-Ⅲ85 dynamometer on a CA6164 lathe. The metallurgical properties, machinability and mechanical properties of lead-free “green steel” were compared with those of the conventional austenitic stainless steel. The results have shown that globular shape MnS inclusions were obtained, and rare earths elements were enwrapped in sulfides. The machinability of austenitic stainless steel containing sulfur and rare earth was improved. A satisfactory mechanical property was attributed to the formation of globular shape sulfides. Lead can be replaced by sulfur and rare earth, and environmentally undesirable substances can be eliminated.

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22

Chen, Xue, Zhiguo Xia, Min Yi, Xiachan Wu, and Hao Xin. "Rare-earth free self-activated and rare-earth activated Ca2NaZn2V3O12 vanadate phosphors and their color-tunable luminescence properties." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 74, no. 10 (October 2013): 1439–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2013.05.002.

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23

Zou, Qing Hua, and Zhen Guo Wang. "Experiment on Doping Rare Earth Diamond Tools Matrix Composites with Fe Replacing Co." Applied Mechanics and Materials 692 (November 2014): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.692.200.

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This paper makes the experimental experiment on adding rare earth elements cerium doped in diamond matrix composites. Based on the doping of rare earth in metal powders including tungsten carbide, iron and nickel, the cobalt in diamond matrix is entirely with iron and the process route of rare earth doping is indicated. The performance of matrix composites with rare earth elements and free of rare earth elements is measured and the results obtained show that the flexural strength, the hardness and the impact ductility of matrix composites with rare earth elements are improved and the flexural strength increases by 10~62% over that of the composites free of rare earth elements, and the impact ductility by about 5% correspondently. We have successfully studied out the rare-earth diamond tool matrix composites replacing Co with Fe, bearing good practical service performance and low price, and have made corresponding diamond bit.

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24

Zhang, L., J.-G. Han, Y.-H. Guo, and C.-W. He. "Properties of SnZn lead free solders bearing rare earth Y." Science and Technology of Welding and Joining 17, no. 5 (July 2012): 424–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1362171812y.0000000029.

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25

Lin, H., E. Y. B. Pun, B. J. Chen, and Y. Y. Zhang. "Rare-earth ion doped lead- and cadmium-free bismuthate glasses." Journal of Applied Physics 103, no. 5 (March 2008): 056103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2891252.

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26

Hu, Wei-Kang, Dong-Myung Kim, Kuk-Jin Jang, and Jai-Young Lee. "Studies on co-free rare-earth-based hydrogen storage alloys." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 269, no. 1-2 (May 1998): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388(97)00602-6.

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27

Patel, Ketan, Jingming Zhang, and Shenqiang Ren. "Rare-earth-free high energy product manganese-based magnetic materials." Nanoscale 10, no. 25 (2018): 11701–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr01847b.

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28

PARK*, Jong-Ho. "Dielectric Properties of Rare-earth Eu-doped Pb-free Glasses." New Physics: Sae Mulli 63, no. 7 (July 31, 2013): 844–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/npsm.63.844.

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29

Yu, Shu, Xin Zhao, Shunqing Wu, Manh Cuong Nguyen, Zi-zhong Zhu, Cai-Zhuang Wang, and Kai-Ming Ho. "New structures of Fe3S for rare-earth-free permanent magnets." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 51, no. 7 (January 25, 2018): 075001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aaa58b.

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30

Fuertes, V., J. F. Fernández, and E. Enríquez. "Enhanced luminescence in rare-earth-free fast-sintering glass-ceramic." Optica 6, no. 5 (May 16, 2019): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/optica.6.000668.

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31

Sarlar, Kagan, Atakan Tekgul, and Ilker Kucuk. "Magnetocaloric Properties of Rare-Earth-Free Mn27Cr7Ni33Ge25Si8 High-Entropy Alloy." IEEE Magnetics Letters 10 (2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lmag.2019.2955667.

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32

Masai, Hirokazu, Takayuki Yanagida, Yutaka Fujimoto, Masanori Koshimizu, and Toshinobu Yoko. "Scintillation property of rare earth-free SnO-doped oxide glass." Applied Physics Letters 101, no. 19 (November 5, 2012): 191906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4766340.

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33

Khan, Imran, and Jisang Hong. "Potential rare earth free permanent magnet: interstitial boron doped FeCo." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 47, no. 41 (September 10, 2014): 415002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/47/41/415002.

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34

Das, B., B. Balamurugan, P. Kumar, R. Skomski, V. R. Shah, J. E. Shield, A. Kashyap, and D. J. Sellmyer. "${\rm HfCo}_{7}$-Based Rare-Earth-Free Permanent-Magnet Alloys." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 49, no. 7 (July 2013): 3330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2013.2242856.

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35

Zamora, J., I. Betancourt, and I. A. Figueroa. "Coercivity mechanism of rare-earth free MnBi hard magnetic alloys." Revista Mexicana de Física 64, no. 2 (March 14, 2018): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.31349/revmexfis.64.141.

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In this work, we present and discuss results concerning the hard magnetic behavior of rare earth-free MnBi alloys obtained by suction casting technique. The physics of coercivity for these type of alloys is based on the nucleation process of reverse domains, which in turn is determined by the alloy microstructure features such as phase distribution, morphology, grain size and in particular, defects, which are characteristic ofreal materials. The microstructure of the as-cast alloy presented here comprises the formation of the Low Temperature Intermetallic Phase (LTIP)-MnBi, interspersed within Bi- and Mn-rich areas. A considerable intrinsic coercivity field of 238 kA/m together with a saturation magnetization of 0.04 T were observed. The nucleation controlled mechanism of this alloy was described in terms of the Kronm¨uller equation, which incorporates the detrimental effect of microstructure defects through fitting parameters associated to reduced intrinsic magnetic properties at grain size boundaries, interfaces and local demagnetizing fields. A notorious switching of coercivity mechanism associated with domain wall pinning was found to be produced upon annealing of the alloy at 583 K for 24 hrs, yielding a drastic reduction of coercivity (down to 16 kA/m). The key microstructural feature determining the switching of coercivity mechanism is the formation/suppression of Bi-rich areas, which promotes the nucleation and growth of LTIP.

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36

Dudek, M. A., R. S. Sidhu, and N. Chawla. "Novel rare-earth-containing lead-free solders with enhanced ductility." JOM 58, no. 6 (June 2006): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-006-0184-8.

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37

Yao, Qirong, Feifei Wang, Chengchao Jin, Yanxue Tang, Tao Wang, and Wangzhou Shi. "Piezoelectric/photoluminescence effects in rare-earth doped lead-free ceramics." Applied Physics A 113, no. 1 (January 22, 2013): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-012-7524-z.

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38

Dudek, M. A., and N. Chawla. "Nanoindentation of rare earth–Sn intermetallics in Pb-free solders." Intermetallics 18, no. 5 (May 2010): 1016–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2010.01.028.

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39

Lin, Yuan, Guan-E. Wang, Lina Li, Chun-Li Hu, Shisheng Lin, and Jiang-Gao Mao. "Rare-Earth-Free Barium Borostannate with Deep-Blue Light Emission." Chemistry of Materials 33, no. 5 (February 17, 2021): 1852–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c00002.

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40

Mirza, F. A., Dao Lun Chen, De Jiang Li, and Xiao Qin Zeng. "Cyclic Deformation of Rare-Earth Containing Magnesium Alloys." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.391.

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Cyclic deformation characteristics of a rare-earth (RE) element containing extruded Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.5Zr (GW103K) magnesium alloy were evaluated via strain-controlled low-cycle fatigue tests under varying strain amplitudes. Microstructural observations revealed that this alloy consisted of fine equiaxed grains and a large number of RE-containing precipitates. Unlike the RE-free extruded magnesium alloys, this alloy exhibited essentially cyclic stabilization and symmetrical hysteresis loop due to relatively weak crystallographic textures and reduced twinning-detwinning activities. The fatigue life of the present alloy was observed to be longer than that of the RE-free extruded magnesium alloys, which could also be described by the Coffin-Manson law and Basquins equation. Fatigue crack was observed to initiate from the specimen surface and crack propagation was basically characterized by fatigue striations.

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41

Li, Zhuang, Di Wu, and Wei Lv. "Development of Pb-Free Austenitic Stainless Steels." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 486–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.486.

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Pb-free austenitic stainless steels were investigated by adding sulfur, rare earth (Re) elements and bismuth. The metallurgical properties, machinability and mechanical properties of both steels were examined. The results show that a significant amount of grey, spindle shaped inclusions were discovered in austenitic stainless steels, and they should belong to MnS inclusions containing bismuth element and rare earths oxide. The addition of S, Bi and Re to austenitic stainless steels improved the machinability. The machinability of steel B is better than that of steel A in a way. The mechanical properties of steel B are better than those of steel A, especially total elongation owing to the presence of rare earth elements. From the viewpoint of life cycle assessment, it is proposed that the development of Pb-free austenitic stainless steels containing S, Bi and Re is desirable.

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42

Cheremisina, Olga, Elizaveta Cheremisina, Maria Ponomareva, and Аleksander Fedorov. "Sorption of rare earth coordination compounds." Journal of Mining Institute 244 (July 30, 2020): 474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31897/pmi.2020.4.10.

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Rare earth elements (REEs) are valuable and strategically important in many high-technology areas, such as laser technology, pharmacy and metallurgy. The main methods of REE recovery are precipitation, extraction and sorption, in particular ion exchange using various sorbents, which allow to perform selective recovery and removal of associated components, as well as to separate rare earth metals with similar chemical properties. The paper examines recovery of ytterbium in the form of coordination compounds with Trilon B on weakly basic anion exchange resin D-403 from nitrate solutions. In order to estimate thermodynamic sorption parameters of ytterbium anionic complexes, ion exchange process was carried out from model solutions under constant ionic strength specified by NaNO3, optimal liquid to solid ratio, pH level, temperatures 298 and 343 K by variable concentrations method. Description of thermodynamic equilibrium was made using mass action law formulated for ion exchange equation and mathematically converted to linear form. Values of equilibrium constants, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy of the sorption process have been calculated. Basing on calculated values of Gibbs energy, a sorption series of complex REE ions with Trilon B was obtained over anion exchange resin D-403 from nitrate solutions at temperature 298 K. Sorption characteristics of anion exchange resin have been estimated: total capacity, limiting sorption of complex ions, total dynamic capacity and breakthrough dynamic capacity.

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43

Riba, Jordi-Roger, Carlos López-Torres, Luís Romeral, and Antoni Garcia. "Rare-earth-free propulsion motors for electric vehicles: A technology review." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 57 (May 2016): 367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.121.

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44

Chen, Lei, Guifang Zheng, Gang Yao, Pingjuan Zhang, Shangkai Dai, Yang Jiang, Heqin Li, Binbin Yu, Haiyong Ni, and Shizhong Wei. "Lead-Free Perovskite Narrow-Bandgap Oxide Semiconductors of Rare-Earth Manganates." ACS Omega 5, no. 15 (March 24, 2020): 8766–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c00138.

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45

Yüzüak, G. Durak, E. Yüzüak, and Y. Elerman. "Hf 2 Co 11 thin films: Rare-earth-free permanent nanomagnets." Thin Solid Films 625 (March 2017): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2017.01.050.

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46

Wu, C. M. L., D. Q. Yu, C. M. T. Law, and L. Wang. "Properties of lead-free solder alloys with rare earth element additions." Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports 44, no. 1 (April 2004): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2004.01.001.

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47

Zhao, Z. G., P. F. de Châtel, F. R. de Boer, and K. H. J. Buschow. "The free‐powder magnetization of ferrimagnetic rare‐earth transition‐metal compounds." Journal of Applied Physics 73, no. 10 (May 15, 1993): 6522–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352601.

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48

Anagnostopoulou, E., B. Grindi, L. M. Lacroix, F. Ott, I. Panagiotopoulos, and G. Viau. "Dense arrays of cobalt nanorods as rare-earth free permanent magnets." Nanoscale 8, no. 7 (2016): 4020–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr07143g.

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49

PARK*, Jong-Ho. "Synthesis and Physical Properties of Rare-earth-doped Pb-free Glasses." New Physics: Sae Mulli 62, no. 7 (July 31, 2012): 768–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/npsm.62.768.

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50

Vuong, Nguyen Van. "LOW TEMPERATURE PHASE OF THE RARE-EARTH-FREE MnBi MAGNETIC MATERIAL." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 54, no. 1A (March 16, 2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/54/1a/11805.

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The Low Temperature Phase (LTP) content determines the spontaneous magnetization Ms of the rare-earth-free hard magnetic material MnBi. LTP in MnBi samples alloyed by the arc-melting is timely developed when they are annealed at the annealing temperatures Ta < 340 oC. Because of the complexity of the phase diagram of MnxBi(100-x) system, the content hardly reaches the value of 100 wt%. Based on the phase diagram of MnxBi(100-x) system, the upper limit * was calculated and 59.8 wt% is the highest content which can be reached when the alloy is isothermally annealed for a long time. The time-dependent behavior of (t) reveals that the LTP is formed from Mn and Bi phases by the diffusion mechanism. The time-dependent diffusion equation has been used to investigate the diffusion process between Mn and Bi in order to form the LTP. The comparison between the theoretical and experimental data allowed to estimate the mutual diffusion coefficient D 510-12 cm2/s. This small value of D is suggested due to not only the low value of Ta necessary for forming LTP but the high surface tension of Bi melted at Ta as well. The calculated results showed that the size distribution of Mn grains embedded in the Bi matrix affected the dependence (t), enhancing and inhibiting in the samples annealed for short and long times, respectively. To increase over *, the anneal at Ta superimposed by the small temperature gradient of 2 oC/cm has been performed. This temperature-gradient driven annealing technique helped to overcome * and reach the value of 83 wt% which corresponds to the Ms = 60 emu/g measured at the field strength of 4 Tesla.

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