Journal articles on the topic 'Rape – Thailand'
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Myers, David. "Pira Sudham and the rape of the Esarn people of Northeastern Thailand." Asian Studies Review 18, no. 2 (November 1994): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03147539408712998.
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Sulistyo, Edhei, and Pujiyono Pujiyono. "Restorative Justice as a Resolution for the Crime of Rape with Child Perpetrators." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (April 30, 2021): 595–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.69.
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A child who commits a criminal act can be called a child in conflict with the law. One of the crimes committed by children was rape, which involved elementary and junior high school children in Probolinggo; they reportedly raped a high school student until they became pregnant. Sexual crimes against children occur in Southeast Asian countries, such as the Philippines, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to review restorative justice as an effort to resolve the criminal act of rape with child perpetrators. The research method used is normative juridical research, with the approach of laws and concepts and collecting primary legal material in the form of existing cases. This study found that the restorative justice process in juvenile crime is essential because there are essential things to focus on the regulation that requires the active role of the community, perpetrators, and victims of crime, including the affected community, in the restorative justice process. A fundamental balancing approach must also be taken, namely, first, imposing sanctions based on responsibility for recovering victims' losses as a consequence of criminal acts; second, rehabilitation and reintegration of actors; and third, strengthening community safety and security systems.
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Laungaramsri, Pinkaew. "Imagining nation." Focaal 2006, no. 47 (June 1, 2006): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/092012906780646433.
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This article explores the relationship between women, nation, nationalism, and transnational women’s practice through the Shan women’s movement in Thailand, particularly the international campaign to stop the systematic rape of Shan women by Burmese soldiers. Employing a feminist critique of nationalism, the article argues that transnational networks allow for the negotiation between national, local, and women’s identities. Whereas the authoritative power of nationalism continues to suppress and silence the transnational subjectivity of women, the Shan women’s movement represents a transnational attempt to contest the confinement of women’s subjectivities within the territorialized nation-state.
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Hobstetter, Margaret, Cari Sietstra, Meredith Walsh, Jennifer Leigh, and Angel M. Foster. "“In rape cases we can use this pill”: A multimethods assessment of emergency contraception knowledge, access, and needs on the Thailand − Burma border." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 130 (May 31, 2015): E37—E41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.05.008.
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Thamsiriroj, T., and J. D. Murphy. "Is it better to import palm oil from Thailand to produce biodiesel in Ireland than to produce biodiesel from indigenous Irish rape seed?" Applied Energy 86, no. 5 (May 2009): 595–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2008.07.010.
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Nugroho, Vina, Roy Sembel, Edison Hulu, and Gracia Ugut. "Interest rate spread determinant based on the interdependency relationship between a bank’s loan rate and time deposit rate." Banks and Bank Systems 17, no. 2 (May 17, 2022): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.17(2).2022.06.
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This study analyzes the factors responsible for the lower net interest rate at commercial banks located in Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines. Data were collected from 35, 10 and 13 commercial banks in Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines, respectively, from 2012 to 2020 using the Fixed effect model. The Simultaneous Equation Model was used to analyze the macroeconomic factors and banks’ specific characteristics towards Loan and Time Deposit rates. The result showed that macroeconomic factors, such as the inflation rate, significantly affect loan and time deposit rates in these countries. In Indonesia, bank competition should be reduced and banks’ stability should be higher to minimize Net Interest Margin Spread (difference between Loan Rate and Deposit Rate). In the Philippines, banks should increase their capital and liquidity. So, they will be more confident and prudent in lowering their NIM. Thailand’s banking industry has unique characteristics with high monopoly power. The bigger and greater the market share, the larger the interest rate spread on customers. Therefore, regulators in each country need to consider these important variables when making decisions on lowering the net interest rates by banks to enhance social welfare.
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Mallick, Abdullah Hossain. "Rohingya Refugee Repatriation from Bangladesh: A Far Cry from Reality." Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs 7, no. 2 (August 2020): 202–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2347797020938983.
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State-backed systematic persecution in 2017 forcibly displaced more than 700,000 Rohingya people from Rakhine State, Myanmar, to Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. The Rohingya refugee camps in Cox’s Bazar have become a matter of worry for the Bangladesh government. The conditions in the camps are appalling, raising the possibility of an epidemic, and there has been a spike in crime, including rape, murder, abduction and drug and human trafficking. Seeking a better future, some Rohingya refugees have attempted to move from Bangladesh to Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia through various illegal routes. But these attempts have either failed or the refugees faced an even worse situation, since these Southeast Asian states refused to confer refugee status on the Rohingyas. Therefore, to bring normalcy back to the lives of the Rohingya people, a repatriation process from Bangladesh to Rakhine State, Myanmar, must be created and implemented. This would require the Government of Myanmar to guarantee a conducive living environment for the Rohingyas in the Rakhine State, uphold their basic human rights and provide Myanmar citizenship to the Rohingyas. As regional powers with major economic and political interests in Myanmar, India and China could play a constructive role and bring pressure on the Myanmar government to agree to take back the Rohingyas from Bangladesh. But so far, both New Delhi and Beijing have been reluctant to get involved in resolving the Rohingya refugee issue.
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Punyasavatsut, Arunee. "Determinants of the Weighted Crime Rate in Thailand." Journal of Economics, Business and Management 4, no. 2 (2016): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/joebm.2016.v4.384.
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Murad, Tasneem, Sundus Ambreen, Noureen Hafeez, Faisal Khan, Jahanzaib ., and Hassan Tariq. "Physical and Biological Evidence in Sexual Assault Cases Reported in District Rawalpindi." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): 1913–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211571913.
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Forensic medical examination serve two purposes i.e.to preserve mental and physical health of the victim as well as collection of forensic evidence 1,2. Collection and documentation of evidence whether in form of injures or biological material is help to validate the objects and the accoster's past.3 The outline of wounds also has a criminal worth because they are related to the result of lawful proceedings4. The works assessment explores the variables linked to genital harm occurrence and places that are informed in a sequence of surveying examinations of medicinal proceedings 5.The occurrence of perfect indication of erotic harms in the U.S. ranges from 5-27%, in Italy 11.5%, in Thailand 42% and in Denmark 38%. In Israel, as in another place in the countries, few cases of erotic stabbing in children have vibrant indication of a erotic style. 6,7,8,9. Objective: To evaluate incidence and comparison of physical and biological evidence in victims of sexual assault and their relation to time interval between examination and incident. Methodology: The retrospective cross sectional study was placed during June 2019 to December 2020 on cases reported in the DHQ Hospital Rawalpindi with follow up reports. Total 108 cases were reported during this period. Data was collected from DHQ Hospital Rawalpindi with follow up reports. Examination results were included presence and absence of physical injuries located genital region and other parts of the body, and presence and absence of biological evidence .The fallouts of investigation were linked to parameters such as sex, age and length of time since assault. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 19 Results: Female victim: Out of 108 cases 77 was female.61% was unmarried and 39% was married (Figure 1). 44.2% cases was fall between age range of 16-20years.2.6%cases between age group of 45-50 years.51.9% cases belong to rural area. While 48.1% cases belong to urban. Vaginal swab was positive in 79.2%.genital injuries was present in 13% cases.11.7% married and 1.3% unmarried. Other injuries present in 6.5%married.7.8%unmarried. Fresh hymen injuries present in 13%.old in 41.6%. Male victims: Total 31 in number.67.7%in rural area ,while 32.3% in urban.45.2% (14)between age group 11-15 years .Anal swab was positive in 64.5%.(20 in number).Bleeding was present in 32.3% (10)cases. Bruises in 41.9%.abrasion was present in 48.4%.(15)25% in 11-15 years age group. Genital injuries was present in 45.2%(14).other injuries 28.1%.anal swab with injuries positive in 34.4%.negative in 12.5%.Finding on clothes was present on 12.5%. Conclusion & Recommendations: Rape or sexual assault in the absence of prior sexy knowledge, genital or physique harms are usually found in adolescents. The possibility of rape in nonappearance of any hurt, with or deprived of permission cannot be excluded. A competent forensic examiner must examines and follow up the victims of sexual violence. The forensic examiner must have technical and scientific skills that are medicinal and stabbing history taking, whole body examination, and organic article collects, recording damages, clinical pediatric practice, interpretation of findings and reports and prosecution. Keywords: Genital harms, adolescent, body injuries, Prosecution
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PELEGGI, MAURIZIO. "From Buddhist Icons to National Antiquities: Cultural Nationalism and Colonial Knowledge in the Making of Thailand's History of Art." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 5 (February 1, 2013): 1520–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x12000224.
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AbstractIn the mid 1920s Prince Damrong Rajanubhab and George Coedès jointly formulated the stylistic classification of Thailand's antiquities that was employed to reorganize the collection of the Bangkok Museum and has since acquired canonical status. The reorganization of the Bangkok Museum as a ‘national’ institution in the final years of royal absolutism responded to increasing international interest in the history and ancient art of Southeast Asia, but represented also the culmination of several decades of local antiquarian pursuits. This paper traces the origins of the art history of Thailand to the intellectual and ideological context of the turn of the twentieth century and examines its parallelism to colonial projects of knowledge that postulated a close linkage between race, ancestral territory and nationhood.
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Persaud, Walter H. "Gender, race and global modernity: A perspective from Thailand." Globalizations 2, no. 2 (September 2005): 210–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14747730500202214.
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MEKKERDCHOO, ORACHORN, CHALEEDA BOROMPICHAICHARTKUL, ALLISON PERRIGO, GEORGE SRZEDNICKI, CHEUNJIT PRAKITCHAIWATTANA, and ALEXANDRE ANTONELLI. "Tracing the Evolution and Economic Potential of Konjac Glucomannan in Amorphophallus species (Araceae) using Molecular Phylogeny and RAPD Markers." Phytotaxa 282, no. 2 (October 27, 2016): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.282.2.1.
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The genus Amorphophallus is an economically important taxon that is abundant in Old World tropical forests (Asia, Oceania and Africa). It includes many species that are used with increasing frequency as a source of food and pharmaceutical products worldwide. Amorphophallus konjac is an important economic crop and has been used widely in China and Japan for commercial konjac glucomannan (KGM) production. However, the species’ range does not extend to Thailand, where other closely related species may be more suitable for commercial KGM production. Present understanding of genetic relationships among Thai Amorphophallus species is still limited, and the connection between evolutionary history and KGM content is unknown. Here, the genetic relationships among various accessions of Amorphophallus spp. collected in Thailand are investigated using the chloroplast trnL-trnF spacer, nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the second intron of LEAFY (FLint2) together with genome-wide DNA variation analysis, Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. RAPD primers are also developed to quickly and efficiently identify species producing high levels of KGM. This study finds that two monophyletic clades include high KGM content species. RAPD analyses indicate that primer AC-10 generates specific bands identifying species belonging only to the high and medium KGM content clades. These primers can be used as a screening tool for economical species, aiming at improving the industrial production of KGM in Thailand and the world.
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Rojas Sánchez, Ahuitz. "SITUACION DE ABUSO SEXUAL BASADO EN IMAGENES EN MEXICO ENTRE 2017 Y 2018 (IMAGED-BASED SEXUAL ABUSE IN MEXICO BETWEEN 2017 AND 2018)." Universos Jurídicos, no. 18 (June 8, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.25009/uj.vi18.2621.
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Resumen: El objetivo de la presente investigación es explorar la estructura y el contenido de una red de usuarios de abuso sexual basado en imágenes en Twitter. Para ello se analizaron los perfiles de Twitter que contienen la palabra "Quemón o “Nudes” utilizando análisis de redes, técnicas de procesamiento natural del lenguaje. Entre 2017 y 2018 hubo una comunidad de abuso sexual basado en imágenes en Twitter. Al menos 329 usuarios se dedicaron y se auto describieron como cuentas sexualmente explícitas, vengativas, y en donde contenido sexual no consensual podía ser compartido de forma anónima. Ya con seguidores, la red comprende a más de 130,000 personas. Esta es una estimación conservadora, más cuentas podrían utilizar diferentes palabras clave, no tener ninguna descripción, o formar parte de comunidades privadas. Estos resultados sugieren que los consumidores de contenido de abuso sexual basado en imágenes son los principales responsables de su propagación. Abstract: This study aimed to explore the structure and content of an image-based sexual abuse user network on Twitter. For this purpose, Twitter profiles containing the word “Quemones” or "Nudes" were analyzed using network analysis, natural language processing techniques. Between 2017 and 2018 there was a community of image-based sexual abuse on Twitter. At least 329 users engaged in and self- described themselves as sexually explicit, vindictive accounts, and where nonconsensual sexual content could be shared anonymously. Already with followers, the network comprises more than 130,000 people. This is a conservative estimate; more accounts could use different keywords, have no description, or be part of private communities. These results suggest that consumers of image-based sexual abuse content are primarily responsible for its spread. Fuentes de Consulta: Allen, W. D. (2007). The Reporting and Underreporting of Rape. Southern Economic Journal, 73(3), 623–641. https://doi.org/10.2307/20111915 Angelides, S. (2013). ‘Technology, hormones, and stupidity’: The affective politics of teenage sexting. Sexualities, 16(5–6), 665–689. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460713487289 Baum, M. A., Cohen, D. K., & Yuri, M. C. (2018). Rape Culture and Its Effects: Evidence from U.S. Newspapers, 2000-2013. Quarterly Journal of Political Science, 13(3), 263–289. Blondel, V. D., Guillaume, J.-L., Lambiotte, R., & Lefebvre, E. (2008). Fast unfolding of communities in large networks. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment, 2008(10), P10008. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/2008/10/P10008 Boeringer, S. B. (1994). Pornography and sexual aggression: Associations of violent and nonviolent depictions with rape and rape proclivity. Deviant Behavior, 15(3), 289–304. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639625.1994.9967974 Chou, W. S., Hunt, Y. M., Beckjord, E. B., Moser, R. P., & Hesse, B. W. (2009). Social Media Use in the United States: Implications for Health Communication. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1249 CIET Africa. (1998). Prevention of sexual violence. A social Audit of the role of the police in the jurisdiction of Johannesburg’s Southern Metropolitan Local Council. Johannesburg. Citron, D. K., & Franks, M. A. (2016). Criminalizing Revenge Porn, 38. Crofts, T., Lee, M., McGovern, A., & Milivojevic, S. (2015). Sexting and Young People. UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Dir, A. L., & Cyders, M. A. (2015). Risks, Risk Factors, and Outcomes Associated with Phone and Internet Sexting Among University Students in the United States. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 44(6), 1675–1684. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-014-0370-7 Döring, N. (2014). Consensual sexting among adolescents: Risk prevention through abstinence education or safer sexting? Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 8(1). Retrieved from https://cyberpsychology.eu/article/view/4303 Duxbury, S. W., & Haynie, D. L. (2018). The Network Structure of Opioid Distribution on a Darknet Cryptomarket. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 34(4), 921–941. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940-017-9359-4 Faloutsos, M., Faloutsos, P., & Faloutsos, C. (1999). On Power-Law Relationships of the Internet Topology. In Proceedings of the Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication (pp. 251–262). Figueredo, A. J., Gladden, P. R., Sisco, M. M., Patch, E. A., & Jones, D. N. (2015). The Unholy Trinity: The Dark Triad, Sexual Coercion, and Brunswik-Symmetry. Evolutionary Psychology, 13(2), 147470491501300220. https://doi.org/10.1177/147470491501300208 Gámez-Guadix, M., Almendros, C., Borrajo, E., & Calvete, E. (2015). Prevalence and Association of Sexting and Online Sexual Victimization Among Spanish Adults. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 12(2), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-015-0186-9 Harkness, E. L., Mullan, B., & Blaszczynski, A. (2015). Association Between Pornography Use and Sexual Risk Behaviors in Adult Consumers: A Systematic Review. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(2), 59–71. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0343 Hsieh, H.-F., & Shannon, S. E. (2005). Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 15(9), 1277–1288. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732305276687 INEGI. (2017). Encuesta Nacional de Victimización y Percepción Sobe Seguridad Pública (ENVIPE) 2017 (p. 18). Mexico: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. Retrieved from http://www.beta.inegi.org.mx/proyectos/enchogares/regulares/envipe/2017/ INEGI. (2018). Banco de Información Económica (BIE) (Data Base). Mexico: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía. Retrieved from http://www.inegi.org.mx/Sistemas/BIE/Default.aspx?Topic=0&idserPadre=10100360#D10100360 Jewkes, R., & Abrahams, N. (2002). The epidemiology of rape and sexual coercion in South Africa: an overview. Social Science & Medicine, 55(7), 1231–1244. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(01)00242-8 Jonason, P. K., Girgis, M., & Milne-Home, J. (2017). The Exploitive Mating Strategy of the Dark Triad Traits: Tests of Rape-Enabling Attitudes. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 46(3), 697–706. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-0937-1 Karaian, L. (2014). Policing ‘sexting’: Responsibilization, respectability and sexual subjectivity in child protection/crime prevention responses to teenagers’ digital sexual expression. Theoretical Criminology, 18(3), 282–299. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362480613504331 Kjellgren, C., Priebe, G., Svedin, C. G., & Långström, N. (2010). Sexually Coercive Behavior in Male Youth: Population Survey of General and Specific Risk Factors. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39(5), 1161–1169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-009-9572-9 Kleinberg, J. M. (1999). Hubs, authorities, and communities. ACM Computing Surveys, 31(4es), 5-es. https://doi.org/10.1145/345966.345982 Makin, D. A., & Morczek, A. L. (2015). The Dark Side Of Internet Searches: A Macro Level Assessment Of Rape Culture. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22057 Marganski, A., & Melander, L. (2015). Intimate Partner Violence Victimization in the Cyber and Real World: Examining the Extent of Cyber Aggression Experiences and Its Association With In-Person Dating Violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1–25. Newman, M. E. J. (2001). Clustering and preferential attachment in growing networks. Physical Review E, 64(2). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.64.025102 Newman, Mark E. J. (2016). Networks: an introduction (Reprinted). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ojanen, T. T., Boonmongkon, P., Samakkeekarom, R., Samoh, N., Cholratana, M., & Guadamuz, T. E. (2015). Connections between online harassment and offline violence among youth in Central Thailand. Child Abuse & Neglect, 44, 159–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.04.001 Park, B., Wilson, G., Berger, J., Christman, M., Reina, B., Bishop, F., … Doan, A. (2016). Is Internet Pornography Causing Sexual Dysfunctions? A Review with Clinical Reports. Behavioral Sciences, 6(3), 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs6030017 Pina, A., Holland, J., & James, M. (2017). The Malevolent Side of Revenge Porn Proclivity: Dark Personality Traits and Sexist Ideology. International Journal of Technoethics, 8(1), 30–43. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJT.2017010103 Powell, A., & Henry, N. (2017). Sexual Violence in a Digital Age. Palgrave Macmillan. Powell, A., Henry, N., & Flynn, A. (2018). Image-Based Sexual Abuse. In Routledge Handbook of Critical Criminology (2nd Edition, pp. 305–315). Routledge. Priebe, G., & Svedin, C. G. (2012). Online or off-line victimisation and psychological well-being: a comparison of sexual-minority and heterosexual youth. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 21(10), 569–582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-012-0294-5 Reed, L. A., Tolman, R. M., & Ward, L. M. (2016). Snooping and Sexting: Digital Media as a Context for Dating Aggression and Abuse Among College Students. Violence Against Women, 22(13), 1556–1576. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801216630143 SEGOB. (2018). Incidencia Delictiva del Fuero Común 2018 (pp. 1–68). Mexico: Secretaría de Gobernación; Secretariado Ejecutivo del Sistema Nacional de Seguridad Publica. Retrieved from http://secretariadoejecutivo.gob.mx/docs/pdfs/nueva-metodologia/CNSP-Delitos-2018.pdf Shearer, E., & Gottfried, J. (2017, September 7). News Use Across Social Media Platforms 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2018, from http://www.journalism.org/2017/09/07/news-use-across-social-media-platforms-2017/ Strohmaier, H., Murphy, M., & DeMatteo, D. (2014). Youth Sexting: Prevalence Rates, Driving Motivations, and the Deterrent Effect of Legal Consequences. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 11(3), 245–255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-014-0162-9 Thompson, M. P., & Morrison, D. J. (2013). Prospective predictors of technology-based sexual coercion by college males. Psychology of Violence, 3(3), 233–246. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030904 Wagner, A. K., Soumerai, S. B., Zhang, F., & Ross-Degnan, D. (2002). Segmented regression analysis of interrupted time series studies in medication use research. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 27(4), 299–309. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2710.2002.00430.x Walker, K., & Sleath, E. (2017). A systematic review of the current knowledge regarding revenge pornography and non-consensual sharing of sexually explicit media. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 36, 9–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2017.06.010 Walker, S., Sanci, L., & Temple-Smith, M. (2013). Sexting: Young Women’s and Men’s Views on Its Nature and Origins. Journal of Adolescent Health, 52(6), 697–701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.01.026
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Tassanawongwara, Chayuti. "Malaysian Siam Music in Northern Malaysia and Its Representation." International Journal of Creative and Arts Studies 4, no. 2 (March 9, 2018): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/ijcas.v4i2.1963.
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Some of the Thais were left behind in some parts of the land which once a Thailand’s territory. In the colonialism era, after Kelantan, Terangganu, Perlis and Kedah were annexed to Malaysia several decades ago by British, the Malaysian Siam who have chosen to stay put became the citizens of Malaysia despite being defined as Thais. The livelihood conditions of different nationalities are vital tools to distinguish one ethnic race from others. The first Malaysian Siam who ventured their way from South Thailand to settle in the land known as Melayu can be traced as far back as 300-500 years ago during the reign of King Boromma Trailokanat of Ayudhya era. There was an evidence of migration from then North Thailand downwards to the land of Melayu and inhabited at Sai Buri town. Today, the Malaysian Siams are densely populated across Kelantan, Perak, Perlis and Kedah. In this regard, it is a hard decision to choose the appropriate tools to represent the cultural identity. Music, in all possibilities, could be a likely solution to representation of cultural identity by importing them from its land of origin to reflect the unity of Thai people and the Malaysian Siam. Once the music is allowed to make its impact in protecting the identity of the Thai. This paper shall redound to the representation of Malaysian Siam in northern Malaysia, locally states of Perlis and Kedah, especially music in current use. The paper shall thoroughly present the result of analysis how the Malaysian Siam uses music to strengthen their cultural identity by the process of representation through a focusing on the theory of liminality.
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Wu, Yajun, Zhenming Zhang, Ying Chen, Bin Wang, Guowu Yang, and Wanying Yang. "Authentication of Thailand jasmine rice using RAPD and SCAR methods." European Food Research and Technology 229, no. 3 (April 29, 2009): 515–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00217-009-1072-6.
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Iskandariah, Iskandariah, Otong Zenal Arifin, and Rudhy Gustiano. "ANALISIS KERAGAMAN GENETIK TIGA STRAIN NILA MERAH (Oreochromis sp) DENGAN ANOVA RAPD." Jurnal Sains Natural 1, no. 1 (November 25, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v1i1.8.
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Analysis Genetic Variation of Three Strains of Red Tilapia by Anova of RAPD. Study on the genetic variance of three strains of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp) had been conducted in the Biology Molecular Laboratory, Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture (RIFA) Bogor. Three different strains, Red NIFI from Thailand, Red Tilapia from Lido lake and Red Tilapia from Bogor’s farmer were analyzed in the study. Observation used Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA (RAPD) with OPA-03, OPA-04, OPC 14 and OPC-15 primers. The results showed that only OPA-03 primer was able to amplify numerous samples. Further analysis showed that the percentage of polimorphic range was between 16.67 – 38.89%, heterozygosity value 0.0378 – 0.1536 and genetic distance among strain 0.3051 – 0.6037.Keywords : RAPD, genetic, strain, nile tilapia, oreochromis ABSTRAK Penelitian mengenai variasi genetik tiga strain nila merah dari 3 lokasi yang berbeda telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Molekuler Biologi, Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar (BRPBAT) Bogor. Strain yang diamati meliputi jenis nila Red NIFI dari Thailand, nila merah dari Danau Lido dan nila merah dari Petani Bogor. Penelitian menggunakan metode analisis Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA (RAPD), dengan menggunakan primer OPA-03, OPA-04, OPC-14 dan OPC-15. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan hanya OPA-03 yang dapat menghasilkan amplifikasi dalam jumlah sampel yang memadai. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa persentase polimorfik berkisar antara 20.00-40.00%, dengan nilai heterozigositas 0.0604–0.1516 dan jarak genetik antar strain 0.1770-0.4865. Kata kunci : RAPD, genetik, strain, ikan nila, oreochromis
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Dhillon, Narinder P. S., Supannika Sanguansil, Supornpun Srimat, Suwannee Laenoi, Roland Schafleitner, Michel Pitrat, and James D. McCreight. "Inheritance of Resistance to Cucurbit Powdery Mildew in Bitter Gourd." HortScience 54, no. 6 (June 2019): 1013–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13906-19.
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Cucurbit powdery mildew (CPM) caused by Podosphaera xanthii (Px) is an economically important disease of bitter gourd (BG; Momordica charantia) in Asia. High-level resistance to CPM is known in various BG accessions that have been used to develop BG breeding lines that originated in different countries. BG breeding lines THMC 113 (Belize), THMC 143 (India), THMC 153 (Thailand), THMC 167 (India), and THMC 170 (Taiwan) possess high-level resistance to BG Px race (BG-CPM), designated Mc-1 from a field at Kamphaeng Saen, Thailand, whereas THMC 144 (India) is susceptible. Our objective was to determine the inheritance of resistance to BG-CPM race Mc-1. To that end, THMC 144 (India) was crossed with the five resistant lines. The parents and their respective F1, F2, backcross progenies were evaluated for BG-CPM disease severity in inoculated field and growth chamber tests. Resistance to BG-CPM race Mc-1 in the five resistant lines was controlled by at least two independent, recessive genes. Intercrosses of the BG-CPM–resistant lines revealed allelic resistances in four of the breeding lines: THMC 113, THMC 153, THMC 167, and THMC 170. Resistance in THMC 143 was clearly non-allelic for resistance to BG-CPM with the other four BG-CPM–resistant lines.
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THOOPTIANRAT, TIKUMPORN, ARUNRAT CHAVEERACH, RUNGLAWAN SUDMOON, and TAWATCHAI TANEE. "DNA profiles to identify Dillenia species (Dilleniaceae) in Thailand." Phytotaxa 296, no. 3 (February 20, 2017): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.296.3.3.
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Surveying of the species throughout Thailand revealed 13 identified and one unidentified species including D. aurea, D. excelsa, D. grandifolia, D. hookeri, D. indica, D. obovata, D. ovata, D. parviflora, D. pentagyna, D. philippinensis, D. pulchella, D. reticulata, D. suffruticosa and Dillenia sp. They were phylogenetically examined based on RAPD profiles of 2,290 discrete characters including a monomorphic and 226 polymorphic characteristics. The phylogenetic relationships calculated from theses banding data show that the intraspecific genetic similarity (S) values ranged from 0.990 to 1.000, and the interspecific S values ranged from 0.520 to 0.790. The RAPD method can be effectively used in Dillenia study. However, its quality of unreproducible method, it cannot be reasonable used in any study on specific genes or areas. In additions, sequences from two molecular regions, rbcL gene and psbA-trnH spacer, were analyzed and determined for genetic distances. The rbcL gene sequences were rather ineffective, as all of the paired species displayed no or low genetic distance values. The psbA-trnH spacer sequences were rather effective, with only one pair (D. reticulata and D. parviflora) showing low genetic distance values. The other species pairs indicated rather far genetic distances, ranging from 0.006 (D. parviflora and D. grandifolia) to 0.376 (Dillenia specie and D. indica). Intraspecific genetic distance values ranged from 0–0.003 and 0–0.013 for rbcL and psbA-trnH spacer regions, respectively. Based on the results from both nucleotide variations and DNA fingerprinting, D. grandifolia and D. ovata were distinct Dillenia species.
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Thaewnon-ngiw, B., S. Klinbunga, K. Phanwichien, N. Sangduen, N. Lauhachinda, and P. Menasveta. "Genetic Diversity of Introduced (Pomacea canaliculata) and Native (PILA) Apple Snails in Thailand Revealed by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Analysis." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 20, no. 3&4 (December 27, 2017): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.360.
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Genetic diversity of the introduced golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822) and four native apple snails; Pila ampullacea (Linneaus, 1758), P. angelica (Annandale, 1920), P. pesmei (Morelet, 1889) and P. polita (Deshayes, 1830) in Thailand were studied by RAPD analysis. Two hundred and two polymorphic fragments (180-1500 bp in length) were generated across overall investigated samples (N = 254) using three informative primers (OPA07, OPB10 and UBC122). The percentages of polymorphic bands were 98.86%, 94.56%, 90.91%, 96.94% and 95.51% for Pomacea canaliculata, P. ampullacea, P. angelica, P. pesmei and P. polita, respectively. This indicated high genetic polymorphism of these taxa. A neighbor-joining tree between pairs of geographic samples within Pomacea canaliculata suggested a lack of phylogeography in this species. Moreover, candidate species-specific RAPD markers (pKUSCARPILA-F/R) found in Pomacea canaliculata (340 bp, OPB10), P. ampullcea (640 bp, OPA07), P. angelica (380 bp, UBC122) and Pila snails (430 bp, OPA07) were cloned and sequenced. Locus-specific primers were designed and tested against the target and nontarget species. A 259 bp SCAR marker was found in 95.0% of Pila apple snails (N = 163) but not in Pomacea canaliculata (N = 30). Therefore, this SCAR marker could be used in coupling with a Pomacea canaliculata-specific RAPD marker to unambiguously differentiate the introduced and native apple snails in Thailand.
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Octaviani, Risa, Ika Handayani, and Welliam Hamer. "Applying Board Race Game to Increase Students’ Vocabulary Mastery in Uttayan Suksa Krabi School, Thailand." Journal of English Education Studies 2, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30653/005.201922.40.
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The aim of this research was to know the increase of students’ vocabulary mastery by using board race game for fifth grade students of Uttayan Suksa Krabi School, Thailand in the academic year 2018/2019. The method used in this research was collaborative classroom action research. The researchers conducted this research from December 2018 until March 2019 in Uttayan Suksa Krabi School, Thailand. In collecting the data, the researchers used observation, test, and documentation. The tests were given in pre-test, post-test 1 and post- test 2. The researchers analyzed the average score of each test to find out the increase of students’ vocabulary mastery after the action was conducted. After the researchers have conducted the action, the students’ vocabulary mastery has increased optimally. It could be seen from the score of pre-test that showed 55.3, post-test 1 was 68.6, and post-test 2 was 85.6. After applying the action, the researchers were able to solve the problem in increasing students’ vocabulary mastery. The students were able to pronounce, memorize and understand the words based on the context. By using Board Race game in teaching vocabulary, the students could easily understand and memorize the spelling of the new vocabulary. In the teaching process, when the researcher as teacher used game, the students were enthusiastic and enjoyed during teaching learning process. It can be concluded that board race game can increase students’ vocabulary mastery. It is suggested to use board race game as the alternative media in teaching learning English.
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Wu, Y. J., Y. Chen, J. Wang, C. X. Zhu, and B. L. Xu. "RAPD analysis of jasmine rice-specific genomic structure." Genome 49, no. 6 (June 1, 2006): 716–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g06-018.
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Total genomic DNA was extracted from 29 samples of rice seed, including jasmine rice Oryza sativa L. subsp indica 'KDML105', 'KDML105'-derived varieties, nonaromatic Thailand rice, and japonica rice. Polymorphism in RAPD profiles was analyzed to explore the genomic structure specific to jasmine rice. The degree of band sharing was used to evaluate genetic distance between varieties and to construct a phylogenetic tree. RD15, CNTLR85033, and CNT87040 were found to be closest to 'KDML105', which was consistent with the true relation among them. Four RAPD fragments that cooperatively distinguished jasmine rice from others were cloned and sequenced. PCR amplification using pairs of primers designed specifically further confirmed the credibility of the RAPD result. Comparison through Genbank revealed that a 454 bp RAPD band was similar to the first intron of a putative Cf2/Cf5 disease resistance gene and a 1107 bp RAPD band similar to a wall-associated kinase (wak) gene sequence.Key words: Jasmine rice, RAPD, specific sequence.
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Waewsak, Jompob, Latthawan Niyomtham, Somphol Cheewamongkholkarn, and Chana Chancham. "Offshore Wind Resource Assessment of Thailand Using Remote Sensing Technique." ASEAN Journal of Scientific and Technological Reports 24, no. 1 (April 27, 2021): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.55164/ajstr.v24i1.226833.
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This paper presents the evaluation of the offshore wind resource of Thailand (the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea) using remote sensing technique. The wind speed at height of 10 m above mean sea level (A.M.S.L.) was measured using SeaWinds Scatterometer on QuickSCAT by NASA. The QuickSCAT satellite images in 1999-2009 with resolution of 1ox1o was interpreted and validated using the measured wind speed provided by the ship observation, buoy data and numerical weather prediction models. The wind speed was interpolated for 1 km resolution enhancement and extrapolated to the height of 50 m A.M.S.L.. The monthly and annual mean wind speed maps were presented in order to show the spatial and temporal variation of offshore wind energy potential. Results showed that QuickSCAT satellite images interpretation gave lower bias in the rage of wind speed of 3-18 m/s, however, the bias was high for wind speed more than 20 m/s. It found that offshore mean wind speed at height of 50 m A.M.S.L. was in the range of 3.0-6.0 m/s where the middle part of Thai offshore had the highest potential with the wind speed in the rage of 7.0-10.0 m/s. The offshore wind speed had high potential during June until August due to the influence of southwest monsoon.
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Ruangsuttapha, Suttada, Klaus Eimert, Max-Bernhard Schröder, Benchamas Silayoi, Jessada Denduangboripant, and Kamnoon Kanchanapoom. "Molecular phylogeny of banana cultivars from Thailand based on HAT-RAPD markers." Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 54, no. 7 (January 12, 2007): 1565–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10722-006-9169-2.
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Tangjingjai, Warisa, Patchara Verakalasa, Siriporn Sittipraneed, Sirawut Klinbunga, and Chariya Lekprayoon. "Genetic differences betweenTropilaelaps clareaeandTropilaelaps koenigerumin Thailand based on ITS and RAPD analyses." Apidologie 34, no. 6 (November 2003): 513–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/apido:2003042.
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Kirk, A. A., L. A. Lacey, J. K. Brown, M. A. Ciomperlik, J. A. Goolsby, D. C. Vacek, L. E. Wendel, and B. Napompeth. "Variation in the Bemisia tabaci s. 1. species complex (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and its natural enemies leading to successful biological control of Bemisia biotype B in the USA." Bulletin of Entomological Research 90, no. 4 (August 2000): 317–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300000444.
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AbstractParasitoids of the Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) species complex collected in Spain and Thailand were evaluated as biological control agents of B. tabacibiotype B in cole crops in Texas, USA. Parasitoids were identified by morphological and RAPD–PCR analyses. The most abundant parasitoid from Spain was Eretmocerus mundus Mercet with apparent field parasitism of 39–44%. In Thailand, Encarsia formosa Gahan, E. transvena Timberlake, E. adrianaeLopez-Avila, Eretmocerus sp. 1 and sp. 2 emerged, with apparent field parasitism of 1–65%. Identification and molecular classification of B. tabaciassociated with parasitoid collections and in the release site in Texas were accomplished using morphological traits and nucleotide sequence comparison of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) (700–720 bp). Collections of B. tabacifrom Thailand grouped separately from B types from Arizona and Florida and the target B type from Texas, USA, a cluster from India, and other New World B. tabaci. The Spanish B. tabaci host of E. mundus which was laboratory and field-tested to achieve biological control of the B type was most closely related to non-B type B. tabaci populations from Spain and Sudan, the latter which formed a second group within the larger clade that also contained the B type cluster. Laboratory tests indicated that E. mundus from Spain parasitized more B. tabaci type B than did Eretmocerus spp. native to Texas and other exotic parasitoids evaluated. Eretmocerus mundus from Spain also successfully parasitized B. tabaci type B when field-released in a 0.94 million ha test area in Texas, and has significantly enhanced control of B. tabaci type B in California, USA. In contrast, parasitoids from Thailand failed to establish in the field in Texas, collectively suggesting a positive correlation between the centres of diversity of compatible parasitoid–host complexes.
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Archawaranon, Manee. "The impact of human interference on Hill Mynahs Gracula religiosa breeding in Thailand." Bird Conservation International 13, no. 2 (May 20, 2003): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270903003125.
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The breeding biology of Hill Mynah Gracula religiosa was studied in eight provinces of Thailand from 1991 to 1998 to evaluate how breeding behaviour has evolved to enhance reproductive success in the face of human interference. The northern race G. r. intermedia bred mostly during February to April whereas the southern race G. r. religiosa bred mostly later during April to June. Both races were cavity-nesting, non-excavating, monogamous and similar in breeding activities except for differences in body size. They nested at the bottom of deep cavities with a long entrance (mean 45 cm), in tall trees. Average nest height was 23 m. Nests were sometimes abandoned (10% of nests) during nest-building or incubation. Most Hill Mynahs (70%) had clutches of three eggs. Both parents shared incubation and feeding of young. The most detrimental factor to the reproductive success of this species was human theft of the young, rather than any natural factors. During 1991 to 1998, 80% of eggs laid were hatched, but 88% of all eggs hatched were lost before fledgling. Those illegally stolen by humans amounted to 61% of eggs hatched. Only 37 of 308 nestlings or 12% of eggs hatched survived to independence. In 1999, nests were experimentally guarded to prevent human interference, and fledgling success increased to 75% of eggs hatched. The remaining 25% of nestlings were lost to predators and unknown causes, close to the 27% lost to these causes in unguarded nests during 1991 to 1998. Although the breeding pattern of this species has evolved to promote survival of young, it does not seem to have evolved adaptations to human predation. The continuing decrease of wild Hill Mynah populations has prompted attempts at captive breeding. Data on breeding biology from this study should enhance its success.
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Wonglom, P., S. Ito, and A. Sunpapao. "First report of Curvularia lunata causing leaf spot of Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis in Thailand." New Disease Reports 38 (September 19, 2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5197/j.2044-0588.2018.038.015.
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Maneepong, Somsak. "Nutrient Dynamics of an Aquaponic System in Southern Thailand." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 17 (October 15, 2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n17p57.
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Aquaponics is an integrated system of recirculation aquaculture and soilless culture that mainly aims to reduce water requirements, reduce waste discharge and maximize nutrient use. In the present study, an aquaponic system consisting of a 500 L fish tank, sedimentation and pH control tank, degassing tank and three vegetable growing beds was assembled and tested for 17 weeks. Fifty Nile tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus) were reared and fed thrice daily with a complete diet containing 32% protein. Buffer of solid rocks (dead corals) were installed for pH control. Water convolvulus (Ipomoea aquatica) and Tokyo Bekana (Brassica rapa) were rotationally grown at different growth stages. Water samples were collected once a week to analyze pH and NH3/NH4+, NO3-, H2PO4-/HPO42-, SO42-, K, Na, Ca, Mg and Fe concentrations. Fish weight increased from 50 g/fish at the beginning of the experiment to 228 g/fish after 15 weeks. Water pH increased from 6.0 before rearing to 7.0 on the 4th week and varied over the range of 6.9 to 7.0 until the end of the experiment without any additional acid or alkali. Total NH3/NH4+ increased to 10.2 mg-N/L on the 2nd week and rapidly declined to levels below 2.0 mg-N/L. Phosphate, SO42-, Na and Mg accumulated in the system, whereas Ca gradually increased and reached equilibrium at 47±2 mg/L. K and NO2-/NO3- varied considerably at concentrations lower than the general requirement of the vegetables. The first crops of vegetables initially grew well, but growth rates declined remarkably and latter crops showed complex nutrient deficiency. The system could be maintained for 17 weeks without waste discharge.
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LANG, SONGYUN, DAYONG XUE, and HONGXIANG HAN. "Threatened butterflies: a new subspecies of Neptis manasa Moore, 1858 from Hainan Island (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)." Zootaxa 2062, no. 1 (April 3, 2009): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2062.1.6.
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Neptis manasa Moore, 1858, belonging to the tribe Neptini (Nymphalidae: Limenitidinae), is distributed along the northern border of the Oriental Region. So far, four subspecies have been recorded: N. m. manasa Moore, 1858 (North India to north Thailand), N. m. antigone Leech, 1890 (South China), N. m. narcissina Oberthür, 1906 (Northwest Yunnan, China) and N. m. shinkaii Koiwaya, 1996 (Southeast Tibet, China). N. manasa is very rare compared with most species of the genus Neptis. Restricted only to virgin forests, its habitats have been destroyed by the economic developments of China and neighbouring countries. Thus, N. manasa is likely to be threatened by losing its required habitats. Gu (1997) first recorded N. manasa from Hainan Island and considered the insular race as the nominate subspecies. We studied two N. manasa specimens collected in the early 1980s by Mr. Gu from Hainan and found that the insular race is quite different from all known subspecies based upon external features and male genitalia. The purpose of this paper is to describe the insular race from Hainan Island as a new subspecies and bring attention to its probably threatened status.
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Mintoff, Sharl J. L., Tuan V. Nguyen, Chris Kelly, Samantha Cullen, Mark Hearnden, Robert Williams, Jeffrey W. Daniells, and Lucy T. T. Tran-Nguyen. "Banana Cultivar Field Screening for Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 in the Northern Territory." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 8 (August 1, 2021): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7080627.
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Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, causal agent of Panama disease, is one of the biggest threats to global banana production, particularly the Cavendish competent tropical race 4 (Foc TR4). It continues to spread globally with detections occurring in regions of the Middle East and new continents such as Africa and South America in the last decade. As the search was on for new management strategies and resistant cultivars to combat the disease, a banana cultivar-screening trial took place in the Northern Territory of Australia, which examined the responses of 24 banana cultivars to the soil borne fungus. These cultivars included material from TBRI, FHIA and selections from Thailand, Indonesia and Australia and evaluated for their resistance to tropical race 4 for two cropping cycles. Several cultivars displayed considerable resistance to Foc TR4, including several FHIA parental lines and hybrids, the Cavendish (AAA) selections GCTCV 215 and GCTCV 247 from TBRI and an Indonesian selection CJ19 showed either very little to no plant death due to the disease.
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Ahmad, Fajarudin, and Yuyu S. Poerba. "PENAMPILAN RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA PADA Azadirachta indica A. Juss DARI TAMAN NASIONAL BALURAN." Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan 11, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/jtl.v11i1.1223.
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Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Apocynaceae) is a large tree of the lowland tropical rain forest of Southeast Asia that occurs in Thailand, the Malay Peninsula, on the island of Java (East Java) and Lesser Sunda Islands. Its economic value was in its wood (timber), and as medicinal plant. The information on genetic diversity of the species is very limited. Hence studies were initiated and genetic diversity estimated using RAPD markers in 27 accessions of A.indica procured from three geographical regions of TN Baluran and Balai Litbang Kehutanan. Seven selected Operon primers (10 mer) generated a total of 133 consistent amplification products ranging from 132 bp to 5.6 Kb. The cluster analysis separated the 27 individuals into 2 clusters. The range of genetic dissimilarityvalue among samples was from 0.07 to 0.33, while genetic distance among populations was from 0.04 to 0.10. These values showed that A. indica from TN Baluran was not genetically diverse population. Key words: Azadirachta indica, genetic diversity, RAPD
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Dhillon, Narinder P. S., Supannika Sanguansil, Supornpun Srimat, Roland Schafleitner, B. Manjunath, Parag Agarwal, Qu Xiang, et al. "Cucurbit Powdery Mildew-resistant Bitter Gourd Breeding Lines Reveal Four Races of Podosphaera xanthii in Asia." HortScience 53, no. 3 (March 2018): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12545-17.
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Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) is a commercially and nutritionally important market vegetable in Asia cultivated mainly by smallholder farmers. Cucurbit powdery mildew (CPM) caused by Podosphaera xanthii (Px) is a nearly ubiquitous and serious fungal disease of bitter gourd. Five bitter gourd breeding lines (THMC 113, THMC 143, THMC 153, THMC 167, and THMC 170) were selected at the World Vegetable Center for resistance to a local isolate of Px in Kamphaeng Saen, Thailand. We evaluated the resistance potential of these five inbred lines against local isolates of Px at 12 locations in five Asian countries. Plants were inoculated with the respective local Px isolate 15 and 30 days after transplanting and additional Px-infected plants of the inoculated control were interplanted throughout each test. Plants were rated 60 days after transplanting for CPM reaction using a 0 (no evidence of infection) to 5 (>75% infection evident on individual leaves) disease severity scale. THMC 153 and THMC 167 were resistant to the local race of Px in all locations, whereas THMC 143 was observed resistant in all test locations except one in China. THMC 113 was resistant in each location except one in India. THMC 170 was susceptible in three locations in India. The multilocation tests revealed four unique Px races on bitter gourd in different Asian countries and sources of resistance for breeding CPM-resistant bitter gourd cultivars. Six strains of Px isolated from other cucurbits (Cucumis and Cucurbita) and representing five melon CPM races were unable to infect the susceptible M. charantia accession THMC 144 and the five resistant breeding lines, indicating pathotype differences between them and an isolate of M. charantia origin typed as race 1 on melon. THMC 143 and THMC 167, which originated from India, exhibited good yield potential in trials conducted in Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam, and Bangladesh.
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Sun, Weibang, Chunyan Han, Lianming Gao, and Carol A. Wilson. "Genetic diversity of the rare Asian plant, Trigonobalanus doichangensis (Fagaceae)." Australian Journal of Botany 55, no. 1 (2007): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt05113.
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Trigonobalanus doichangensis is a national rare and endangered fagaceous plant of China. It is currently restricted to five sites, four in Yunnan province in south-western China and one in northern Thailand. We investigated the genetic diversity of T. doichangensis to provide information for the effective preservation of the genetic diversity of the species. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to assess the genetic variation and structure in each of the five extant populations. Sixteen primers produced 157 fragments, of which 83 (53%) were polymorphic. The estimated species diversity of T. doichangensis, although lower than for most fagaceous species, was within the range of values that have been reported for the family. The presence of private and/or uncommon fragments in each population, the presence of unique phenotypes in all individuals sampled, and estimates of relatively high populational fixation and low gene flow indicated that the species diversity present was mostly distributed among the five isolated extant populations. Pairwise genetic distances between populations were not correlated with geographical distances as depicted by the resolution of one of the Chinese populations as most similar to the Thailand population. Conservation of this species should include preservation of each of the five distinct extant populations.
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Poeaim, Supattra, Ailada Chaiyabut, Anurug Poeaim, and Kasedis Distabanjong. "Genetic Diversity and Relationships among Sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) from Thailand Revealed by RAPD and AFLP Markers." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 10, no. 28 (August 16, 2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2017/v10i19/112226.
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Poeaim, Supattra, Ailada Chaiyabut, Anurug Poeaim, and Kasedis Distabanjong. "Genetic Diversity and Relationships among Sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) from Thailand Revealed by RAPD and AFLP Markers." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 10, no. 28 (August 16, 2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2017/v10i28/112226.
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Ananchaipattana, Chiraporn, Yukie Hosotani, Susumu Kawasaki, Md Latiful Bari, Keiji A. Yamaguchi, and Yasuhiro Inatsu. "Serotyping, RAPD Grouping and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing of Salmonella Enterica Isolated from Retail Foods in Thailand." Food Science and Technology Research 20, no. 4 (2014): 905–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3136/fstr.20.905.
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PA, Tantasawat, K. Lunwongsa, T. Linthaisong, P. Wirikitgul, N. Campatong, N. Talpolkrung, A. Tharapreuksapong, et al. "Genetic diversity of water primrose (Ludwigia hyssopifolia) in Thailand based on morphological characters and RAPD analysis." Phyton 87, no. 1 (2018): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2018.87.162.
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Mekha, Nanthawan, Natteewan Poonwan, Yuzuru Mikami, Katsukiyo Yazawa, Tohru Gonoi, Shuji Hasegawa, and Kazuko Nishimura. "Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of Penicillium marneffei strains isolated from AIDS patients in Thailand." Mycoscience 38, no. 2 (July 1997): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02460842.
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Sripalwit, Pralongyut, Chalobol Wongsawad, Pheravut Wongsawad, and Somboon Anuntalabhochai. "High annealing temperature-random amplified polymorphic DNA (HAT-RAPD) analysis of three paramphistome flukes from Thailand." Experimental Parasitology 115, no. 1 (January 2007): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2006.05.005.
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Kalinganire, A., K. Pinyopusarerk, and E. R. Williams. "Geographic variation in seedling morphology of Chukrasia species." Australian Journal of Botany 50, no. 3 (2002): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt01072.
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Seed collected from 23 native provenances of Chukrasia A.Juss. and one Australian land race was used to study geographic variation in seedling morphology under temperature-controlled glasshouse conditions. Twenty-four variates were measured for each seedling and the resultant data subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses. The multivariate analyses effectively separated the Chukrasia genus into three different groups or eco-geographical clusters. The most important characteristics that separated the groups were bark structure, leaf type and midrib colour. The first group, provenances from China, Laos, Malaysia, Vietnam and the Australian land race, is characterised by smooth bark, pinnate or intermediate leaves and reddish-green to greenish-red midrib. The second group, provenances from Myanmar and Thailand, is characterised by rough bark, mainly bipinnate leaves and green midrib. The third group, provenances from Sri Lanka, is characterised by rough bark, bipinnate leaves and red midrib. The study clearly shows Chukrasia to be a polymorphic species comprising at least three ecotypes or possibly three ecospecies. A study of allozyme variation may better reveal the systematics within the genus.
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Supratman, Asep Rinal, and Aziz Purwantoro. "Karakterisasi Tanaman Keladi Hias (<i>Caladium</i> Spp.) berdasarkan Penanda Molekuler RAPD." Vegetalika 10, no. 4 (November 25, 2021): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/veg.37168.
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Penelitian dengan judul Karakterisasi Tanaman Keladi Hias (Caladium spp) Berdasarkan Penanda Molekuler RAPD dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2017 hingga Maret 2018 di Ruang Mendel, Laboratorium Pemuliaan Tanaman, Departemen Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Sebanyak 30 tanaman dari empat negara dianalisis dalam penelitian ini yang meliputi 15 Keladi Hias Thailand, 4 Keladi Hias Florida, 2 Keladi Hias Malaysia, 9 Keladi Hias Indonesia, dan Alocasia sebagai pembanding. Pengelompokan keladi hias dan Alocasia berdasarkan penanda molekuler, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok besar yaitu kelompok A seluruh anggotanya merupakan keladi hias yang mengelompok sesuai dengan daerah diambilnya sampel, dan grup B yang terdiri dari Alocasia. Persentase variasi antar populasi lebih kecil sebesar 23% dibanding dengan nilai variasi dalam populasi sebesar 77% yang menandakan bahwa di dalam populasi keragamannya jauh lebih besar dibanding antar populasi. Keladi hias antar populasi tidak jauh berbeda dibuktikan dengan kecilnya persentase variasi antar populasinya sebesar 23%.
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Nandariyah, Nandariyah, and Endang Yuniastuti. "Identication and Classification of Menoreh Durians Based on Molecular - RAPD Markers." Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology 2, no. 1 (August 31, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jbb.v2i1.59401.
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<p>Menoreh durian is an accessions durian fruit originally from Kulonprogo district, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. In the context of proposing Menoreh durian to be a new superior variety, it is necessary to have an identity and position in the molecular genetic group. The aim of the study was to obtain the identity and position of the of Menoreh Durian in the molecular genetic classification. The wet laboratory experiment was using PCR-based RAPD method. Eleven accessions of durian were identified and characterized then grouped based on molecular analysis which were pink Menoreh and 3 Yellow Menoreh accsessions, Petruk, Sunan, Sukun, Sitokong, Montong, Kani and Aspar. The RAPD method was carried out in stages: DNA extraction, DNA quantity and quality test, amplification, electroforesis, visualization and analysis of results. The RAPD classification of 11 durian accessions , resulted in three groups; namely group I which consisted of Menoreh Kuning, Petruk, Aspar Sunan and Menoreh Jambon; Group II consisted of Montong, Sitokong, and Kani from Thailand; and group III consisted of only Sukun accession. Based on this grouping, Menoreh Kuning dan Menoreh Jambon which were separated from other groups at a genetic distance of more than 0.25 indicated that the accession of Menoreh Kuning and Menoreh Jambon only as variety.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
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YAEGASHI, Hiroshi, and Masao YAMADA. "Pathogenic race and mating type of Pyricularia oryzae from Soviet Union, China, Nepal, Thailand, Indonesia and Colombia." Japanese Journal of Phytopathology 52, no. 2 (1986): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3186/jjphytopath.52.225.
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Sidek, Dinsuhaimi. "Forum Panelist 1: COVID-19 Response: BBNGO ‘crossing’ the nationality borders." International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) 5 (March 5, 2021): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31344/ijhhs.v5i0.297.
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The Movement Control Order (MCO) due to the COVID-19 Pandemic implemented on18 March 2020 for Malaysia and the closing of the borders between Malaysia and Thailand caused a lot of strain on the Thai citizens working in Malaysia. Many of them were unable to do their usual job especially in the restaurants all over Malaysia.Efforts were taken by the NGOs and its sponsors in Thailand to relieve the Thai citizens’ suffering. On the 13th of April an agreement was signed between the Thai Islamic Medical Association of Thailand and ‘PertubuhanGabunganBantuanBencana NGO’ Malaysia (BBNGO) to support the Thai citizens in their daily life due to the difficulties during the MCO. Majority of those affected were the restaurant workers.According to reports there were about 40,000 Thai workers in Malaysia, most of whom worked in restaurants. On 18th April 2020 The Malaysian-Thai border was opened limitedly via five checkpoints, only 350 Thai citizens were allowed to cross each day. By early May 2020 more than 7,200 Thais have crossed the border including 2,100 who entered illegally by foot or small boats.Through the agreement between TIMA and BBNGO more than 400 packs of food supply were delivered to the Thai citizens mainly in Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, Penang, Perlis and Kedah. Information about their addresses and phone numbers were provided. Some were delivered direct to their homes while in some areas, they were asked to collect supplies from the nearby sundry shops. Knowing the difficulty of movement between districts during the MCO, the help of local NGOs was very much needed. The ‘Pertubuhan Ikram Malaysia’ (through its Yayasan Ikram/I-Bantu), having branches in many districts of Malaysia became our main partner. The SOPs were maintained during the deliveries. Due to our good, continuous cooperation and relationship since our engagement in the 2014 flood in Kelantan and the 2016/17 flood in Southern Thailand, we have managed to implement several humanitarian missions and social activities with the Thai Islamic Medical Association and its partners. Other BBNGO activities during the MCO include aid for the university students, fresh cooked food for the front-liners, preparation of PPEs, food supply for the poor and needy.COVID-19, you are a blessing in disguise; you bring our hearts together may it be citizens or non-citizens, people of all races and religion. May Allah blessthe human race and its submission to God.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue: 2021 Page: S6
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Oborník, M., R. Stouthamer, E. Meekes, and M. Schilthuittzen. "Molecular characterization and phylogeny of the entomopathogenic fungus." Plant Protection Science 35, No. 1 (January 1, 1999): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/9664-pps.
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We characterized 23 isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus Aschersonia spp. from Mexico, Brazil, Guyana, Trinidad, Venezuela, Columbia, Florida, Malaysia, Thailand, Japan, Philippines, Java and South India using RAPD markers. The data were used to compute the genetic variability and to reconstruct the phylogeny of the genus Aschersonia. Relative genetic distances varied from 0.018 (between isolates Aa2 and Ap2) to 0.445 (between isolates A1 and At1). In the constructed phylogenetic tree, isolates were clustered according to their geographical origin. We determined partial 26S ribosomal DNA sequences of five Aschersonia isolates (A28, A31, Ai1a, Ai2b – Aschersonia spp.; and Ap1– Aschersonia placenta) and used them for phylogenetic analysis. Three of the tested isolates were not distinguishable. The tree constructed indicated that isolates Ai1a and Ai2b belong to species distinct from A. placenta and A. aleyrodis.
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Stringari, Danyelle, Chirlei Glienke, Daniel de Christo, Walter Maccheroni Jr., and João Lucio de Azevedo. "High molecular diversity of the fungus Guignardia citricarpa and Guignardia mangiferae and new primers for the diagnosis of the citrus black spot." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 52, no. 5 (October 2009): 1063–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132009000500002.
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RAPD markers were used to investigate the distribution of genetic variability among a group of Guignardia citricarpa, G. mangiferae, and Phyllosticta spinarum isolates obtained from several hosts in Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Costa Rica, Thailand, Japan, United States and South Africa. Pathogenic isolates G. citricarpa Kiely (anamorph form P. citricarpa McAlp Van Der Aa) are the etiological agent of the Citrus Black Spot (CBS), a disease that affects several citric plants and causes substantial injuries to the appearance of their fruits, thus preventing their export. Several previous studies have demonstrated the existence of an endophytic species with high morphological similarity to the causal agent of CBS that could remain latent in the same hosts. Consequently, the identification of the plants and fruits free from the causal agent of the disease is severely hampered. The RAPD analysis showed a clear discrimination among the pathogenic isolates of G. citricarpa and endophytic isolates (G. mangiferae and P. spinarum). In addition, a Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCO) based on a matrix of genetic similarity estimated by the RAPD markers showed four clusters, irrespective of their host or geographical origin. An Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) indicated that 62.8% of the genetic variation was found between the populations (G. citricarpa, G. mangiferae, P. spinarum and Phyllosticta sp.). Substantial variation was found in the populations (37.2%). Exclusive RAPD markers of isolates of G. citricarpa were cloned, sequenced and used to obtain SCARS (Sequence Characterized Amplified Regions), which allowed the development of new specific primers for the identification of G. citricarpa PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) analysis using a pair of primers specific to pathogenic isolates corroborating the groupings obtained by the RAPD markers, underscoring its efficiency in the identification of the causal agent of CBS.
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Chanamool, Sopha. "Discourse on the Thai Nation by Progressive Intellectuals from the 1950’s - 1960’s." MANUSYA 7, no. 2 (2004): 32–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-00702003.
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A discourse on the Thai Nation by progressive intellectuals in Thailand during 1950's-1960's is discussed. During this period they formed a narrative, and a new meaning of "Chat Thai" or Thai nation. The progressive intellectuals, such as Malai Chupinit, Sod Kuramarohit, Assani Ponlachan and Chit Phumisak debated a new meaning of national identity. They described the Thai Nation differently to the previous elite groups, such as King Rama VI in the 1920's and Luang Wichitwatakan in the 1940's. King Rama VI wrote about the great ancient kingdom of Sukhothai. Luang Wichitwatakan expanded on that to show the greatness of the Thai nation since ancient times, and also that the Thai race was shaped from a pure race and had a unity of Thai culture. Conversely, the progressive intellectuals argued that the Thai nation was not shaped from a pure Thai race, and also that it did not have a unity of Thai culture. According to them the Thai nation was formed from ethnic heterogeneity and cultural diversity. Their ideas about the communities which made up the Thai nation held that Thai people from different regions have their own cultures (their own historical background, their own local languages, their own way of life), which are different to the central Thai culture. Furthermore, they recognised the importance of all Thai people, regardless of class, and. the minority ethnic groups in shaping the Thai Nation.
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Klinbunga, S., A. Boonyapakdee, and B. Pratoomchat. "Genetic Diversity and Species-Diagnostic Markers of Mud Crabs (Genus Scylla) in Eastern Thailand Determined by RAPD Analysis." Marine Biotechnology 2, no. 2 (March 2000): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101269900023.
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Evans, Stephanie Y. "African American Women Scholars and International Research: Dr. Anna Julia Cooper’s Legacy of Study Abroad." Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad 18, no. 1 (August 15, 2009): 77–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v18i1.255.
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In this article, a little-known but detailed history of Black women’s tradition of study abroad is presented. Specifically, the story of Dr. Anna Julia Cooper is situated within the landscape of historic African American students who studied in Japan, Germany, Jamaica, England, Italy, Haiti, India, West Africa, and Thailand, in addition to France. The story of Cooper’s intellectual production is especially intriguing because, at a time when Black women were just beginning to pursue doctorates in the United States, Anna Cooper chose to earn her Ph.D. from the Sorbonne in Paris. In this article, it is demonstrated that her research agenda and institutional choice reflected a popular trend of Black academics to construct their scholarly identities with an international foundation. The intersection of race, gender, nationality, language, and culture are critical areas of inquiry from which to study higher education.
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Saki, Michi. "JALT2014 Plenary Speaker article: Investigating concepts of desire, gender, and identity in language learners." Language Teacher 38, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jalttlt38.4-4.
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An interview with Kimie Takahashi, International Christian University, Tokyo Sponsored by the Gender Awareness in Language Education (GALE) SIG Over the course of her international career as a sociolinguist, Kimie Takahashi has spent many years working in Australia and Thailand. She has published widely on gender, race, and language learning, which she addresses in her new book Language Learning, Gender and Desire: Japanese Women on the Move (2013, Multilingual Matters). Takahashi is also the co-founder of the sociolinguistics website Language on the Move <languageonthemove.org>. In this interview, Takahashi discusses the motivation behind her research and the concept of akogare and its relationship with second language learning. With many of our students learning English being women, the concepts behind Takahashi’s research is of great interest to any language teacher—male or female. Such knowledge can help deepen our understanding of language learning and of our students. The title of her JALT2014 talk is Gendering Intercultural Communication—Asian Women on the Move. Takahashi completed her doctorate with the University of Sydney in 2006, and is now Visiting Associate Professor in the Department of Society, Culture, and Media at the International Christian University, Tokyo. Takahashi’s research interests focus on gender, race, bilingualism, and second language learning and use in transnational contexts.