Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rape survivors

Academic literature on the topic 'Rape survivors'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Rape survivors"

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Idisis, Yael, and Alice Edoute. "Attribution of blame to rape victims and offenders, and attribution of severity in rape cases." International Review of Victimology 23, no. 3 (June 6, 2017): 257–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269758017711980.

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This article examines Wolf’s hypothesis of modular judgment in the context of rape myths and attribution of blame to rape victims. Modular judgment was operationalized using blame schemata suited to judgment of everyday aggression. Each of 88 female participants, of whom 29 were sexual trauma survivor therapists, 29 were sex offender therapists and 30 were non-therapists, was presented with written descriptions of 16 rapes, which included information regarding the victim’s behaviors before (her prior sexual experience), during (the kind and the degree of the resistance she exhibited) and after the rape (meeting or not meeting with the attacker). Dependent variables were attribution of blame to the survivor, attribution of blame to the attacker and judgments regarding severity of the rape. As expected, the therapists attributed less blame to the survivors and more blame to the attacker, and judged the rapes as slightly more severe than did non-therapist participants. For all participants in this study, the survivor’s behavior after the rape carried the greatest weight regarding attribution of responsibility to her. These results are discussed in terms of the theories of modular judgment and defensive attribution, and the just world theory. We recommend further investigations with regard to the perceived connection between survivors’ behaviors after a rape and blame attribution.
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Huemmer, Jennifer, Bryan McLaughlin, and Lindsey E. Blumell. "Leaving the Past (Self) Behind: Non-Reporting Rape Survivors’ Narratives of Self and Action." Sociology 53, no. 3 (May 24, 2018): 435–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038518773926.

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Using a symbolic interactionist framework, this study considers the narratives of non-reporting rape survivors. We use interviews to examine the complex processes that inform a survivor’s decision not to report. Rape is not interpreted as an isolated event; it is something that is seen as caused by, connected to, and affecting the survivor’s sense of self and agency. Rape forces the survivor to reconstruct a sense of agency in the aftermath of the traumatic attack. Rather than report the rape, the survivors constructed narratives that direct blame and accountability toward the “old self”. This less visible, yet still agentic strategy, allows the survivors to regain a sense of agency and control. As a result, a more positive, optimistic self can be constructed, while pursuing legal justice would force them to reenact an “old” self that cannot be disentangled from the rape.
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Littleton, Heather, Alex McConnell, Terri L. Messman, and Marlee Layh. "Typologies of Rape Victimization Experiences Among Women Attending College: A Latent Class Analysis." Psychology of Women Quarterly 45, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684321992038.

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Past research has categorized the rape experiences of women attending college into types primarily based on perpetration tactics and/or survivor substance use. However, this practice may overlook key differences. Therefore, in the current study, we sought via latent class analysis (LCA) to identify types of rape using multiple assault characteristics, including survivor resistance and substance use by the survivor and perpetrator. Participants were 344 college women who experienced rape since age 14 who completed an online survey. A five-class rape typology model was the best-fit: (a) Combined force/substance-facilitated rape (16.0%), (b) Substance-facilitated rape, congruent drinking (18.0%), (c) Substance-facilitated rape, non-congruent drinking (14.0%), (d) Low force/resistance rape (25.0%), and (e) Forcible rape (27.0%). Classes differed in acknowledgment, perpetrator relationship, current psychological distress, and recent hazardous drinking. Findings showed that college women’s rape experiences fell into several distinct typologies on the basis of the presence of force/resistance as well as survivor and perpetrator substance use/substance-related impairment. Practitioners working with college rape survivors should be mindful of how multiple assault characteristics may affect survivors’ recovery trajectory. Future research should further investigate the implications of these rape typologies on adjustment, recovery, and re-victimization risk among survivors.
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Muganyizi, Projestine S., Nora Hogan, Maria Emmelin, Gunilla Lindmark, Siriel Massawe, Lennarth Nystrom, and Pia Axemo. "Social Reactions to Rape: Experiences and Perceptions of Women Rape Survivors and Their Potential Support Providers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania." Violence and Victims 24, no. 5 (October 2009): 607–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.24.5.607.

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Social reactions to rape are socioculturally determined and have a strong influence on the coping and recovery of the survivor. The existing knowledge on social reactions emanates from Western countries with limited research attention on non-Western populations, particularly sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to establish the types and perceptions of social reactions that are expressed to rape survivors and people’s intentions to express them to survivors of varied social backgrounds in Tanzania. Using triangulation of research methods, experiences of social reactions among rape survivors (n = 50) and nurses (n = 44) from a community in Tanzania were explored, and the intentions to express typical social reactions to rape survivors of different social backgrounds were established from a representative community sample (n = 1,505). Twelve typical social reactions were identified with the positive reactions more commonly mentioned than the negative reactions. Nondisclosure of rape events and distracting the survivor from the event were perceived as both positive and negative. A commercial sex worker was most vulnerable to negative reactions. The cultural influences of social reactions and implications for practical applicability of the results are discussed.
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Konradi, Amanda. "Too Little, Too Late: Prosecutors' Pre-court Preparation of Rape Survivors." Law & Social Inquiry 22, no. 01 (1997): 1–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.1997.tb00301.x.

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Little research has been conducted on the behaviors of prosecuting attorneys and their interactions with rape survivors between charging and court events. Yet this period, during which prosecutors prepare rape survivors for their witness roles, may be crucial for obtaining successful convictions. Using intensive interviews with 32 rape survivors and background interviews with prosecutors, victim witness advocates, and rape crisis workers, I evaluated the nature of directives and information given to rape survivors and the frequency with which directives were conveyed before preliminary hearings and court events. I concluded that prosecutors employ 20 modes of preparation to construct rape survivors as credible victims for judges and jurors. They orient the rape survivor to the scope of the witness role and her place in the interaction with legal actors, direct her to enhance the credibility of her story, and enhance the credibility of her self'presentation. Research showed that prosecutors prepared respondents more thoroughly for trials than for preliminary hearings, but little overall. A large minority of respondents, consequently, reported dissatisfaction with the preparation they received. On the basis of the findings, I call for an extension of Martin and Powell's “politics of victim's needs,” attention to the importance of maintaining a perception of procedural justice among rape survivors, and further research into pre-court preparation.
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Long, LaDonna M. "Rape Victim Advocates Experiences With Law Enforcement in the Emergency Room." Feminist Criminology 13, no. 5 (January 7, 2017): 498–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557085116687033.

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One of the first people a sexual assault survivor will encounter in the emergency room is a specially trained rape victim advocate. Along with rape victim advocates, many survivors will come across law enforcement in the emergency room. This study explores rape victim advocates perception of how survivors are treated in the emergency room by law enforcement. Data from interviews with 23 female advocates indicate a complex relationship that includes positive interactions with police as well as victim blaming and a lack of knowledge about how sexual assault affects survivors. Suggestions for future research are provided.
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Heath, Nicole M., Shannon M. Lynch, April M. Fritch, Lyn N. McArthur, and Shilo L. Smith. "Silent Survivors." Psychology of Women Quarterly 35, no. 4 (September 21, 2011): 596–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684311407870.

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Prior research suggests that rape victims who do not disclose or report to the police give reasons including self-blame and fear of judgment; however, this research has not been conducted with incarcerated women. Female offenders are a unique population because they experience high rates of sexual assault prior to incarceration. This study recruited 74 women at a U.S. state prison, who experienced sexual assault prior to incarceration to explore the associations among rape myth acceptance (RMA), disclosure, and reporting of sexual assaults to the authorities. Participants were asked open-ended questions regarding why they chose to disclose their sexual assaults to others, to report to the police, or to remain silent. Narratives were audiotaped, transcribed, and coded for thematic content. Women’s narratives, particularly those of women who indicated that they remained silent, frequently included a variety of rape myths that involved blaming themselves for the rape, fearing not being believed, believing that familiar perpetrators cannot be rapists, and questioning whether the event was really a rape. Women often described such rape myth beliefs with greater frequency than discussing situational characteristics of the rape as reasons for nonreporting. Implications for these findings in clinical, research, and social justice contexts are discussed.
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Nitto, Diana Di, Patricia Yancey Martin, Diane Blum Norton, and M. Sharon Maxwell. "After Rape: Who Should Examine Rape Survivors?" American Journal of Nursing 86, no. 5 (May 1986): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3425650.

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Latts, Mara G., and R. Edward Geiselman. "Interviewing survivors of rape." Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology 7, no. 1 (March 1991): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02806601.

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Slaton, Karen D., and William J. Lyddon. "Cognitive-Experiential Reprocessing and Rape: A Case Study." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 14, no. 2 (January 2000): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.14.2.189.

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Women who have been raped often experience profound psychological and emotional changes due, in part, to the difficulty inherent in assimilating this experience. Rape survivors may alter their entire world view, and may develop cognitive schemas that are maladaptive and dysfunctional. In order to assist women in constructing more adaptive schemas, it is often necessary to access and reprocess trauma-related beliefs. In this article, cognitive-experiential reprocessing (CER) is introduced as a viable approach for reprocessing the trauma of rape. In the context of a case study involving a young rape survivor, the rationale, goals, and practical considerations of CER are outlined.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rape survivors"

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Abolio, Bolukaoto. "The Experiences of female rape survivors seen at Bopanang Centre, Northern Cape." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/278.

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Thesis(M Med.(Family Medicine))--University of Limpopo, 2009.
Aim: The aim of this research was to explore the experiences of female rape survivors seen at Bopanang Centre in Upington, Northern Cape Province. The objectives of the study were: 1 To describe the experiences of female rape survivors who received health care at Bopanang Centre Upington, Northern Cape. 2 To enable caregivers understand the experiences of women who survived rape. Design: The design was a descriptive exploratory qualitative study using in depth interviews on females who survived rape. The interviews were conducted in both English and Afrikaans and recorded on audio tapes while field notes and a research diary were documented by the researcher. Setting: The setting was Bopanang Centre in Upington town in the Northern Cape. Study population: The study population was all female rape survivors seen at Bopanang Centre, Upington in the Northern Cape Province. The sample size of women interviewed was 10 participants. Results: Most female rape survivors recall exceptionally well the events leading to the rape. All the survivors experienced various post rape distressful feelings ranging from anger, bitterness, humiliation, sadness, and confusion, self-blame and guilt, lack of trust and fear of men to the most extreme feelings such as crushed dignity and dead inside even considering committing suicide. Variable and inconsistent care of services had been offered to them, without fully considering their specific needs and experiences of females who had survived rape. Victimization and stigma were barriers for disclosure and reporting of the rape. Excessive alcohol use and abuse of sleeping pills had been reported by some of the survivors as a means to alleviate the post rape distress. From the study disclosure was the most important factor in determining how one was able to cope with distress following the rape. All those survivors who had good family support could cope reasonably well to deal with post rape distress. Conclusion: The study concludes that the experiences of female rape survivors seenat Bopanang Centre in Upington Northern Cape have not been adequately addressed by health care providers and stakeholders, health care and post rape services offered to them. Female rape survivors having a good family support cope reasonably well despite the distressful post rape feelings experiences they experience on a daily basis.
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Walker, Jayne Lizbeth. "A study of male rape survivors." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2004. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/8726/.

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There appears to be appreciable literature on the sexual assault of boys, adult male survivors of childhood sexual assault and male rape in prison. However, where the victim is an adult male who has been raped in a community setting, there is little information. Study 1 investigated the nature and circumstances of such assaults and determined whether men who have been raped as adults differ significantly in their psychological adjustment from a well-matched control sample. Forty male rape victims were asked to complete a background questionnaire involving demographic and descriptive information such as the nature and circumstances of the assault and the long-term psychological effects on the victims. The long-term impact on the victim was assessed by comparing scores on established questionnaires (which researchers had previously used with other types of victims) with those from a well-matched control group. Study 1 indicated that the sexual assault of men by men has similarities to female rape in terms of assault characteristics and subsequent psychological sequalae. However, problems unique to male rape victims were a perceived loss of masculinity and confusion over sexual orientation. Most victims reported suffering from intrusive re-experiencing of the rape. Accordingly the majority consciously recognised avoidance of certain ideas, feelings and situations. Compared to the control group, victims displayed significantly more somatic and affective symptoms, significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression. Victims also displayed significantly lower levels of self-esteem and saw themselves as less positive and more unlucky than the control group. The impact of adult male rape can be explained by the conceptual models of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Horowitz, 1979) and Assumptive Worlds (Janoff-Bulman, 1985). Results were discussed in relation to previous research and differences and similarities between male and female victims are identified. Study 2 explored the rape scripts of a sample of a 100 university students who were asked to write about a 'typical' rape where the perpetrator was male and the victim was either female or male. The scripts were coded on common dimensions and male rape and female rape scripts compared. Male rape scripts were also compared with the accounts from the male rape victims in Study 1. Study 2 found that male and female respondents' depictions of a male to female and a male to male rape did not dramatically differ. The majority of both male and female respondents depicted a 'typical' rape regardless of the gender of the victim, to be a stereotypical 'stranger' rape. The results further revealed that the respondents' scripts were not entirely realistic when compared to the first hand account from the victims. In contrast to the depicted 'stranger' rape, the vast majority of victims were raped by an acquaintance. Theoretical implications, limitations of the studies and future research were considered.
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Thwala, Girly. "Spiritual healing experiences of rape survivors." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1474.

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A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Community Psychology in the Department of Psychology at the University Of Zululand, South Africa, 2015
The incidence of rape in South Africa is high. A total of 50 481 rape cases were reported in 2010. Rape trauma is exacerbated by the fact that the country has a limited number of professionally trained therapists to attend to survivors. Most survivors end up looking for assistance from their churches, and therefore claim to be healed spiritually. This study was conducted in the Nkangala district of South Africa because of the high incidence of reported rape cases. While it is estimated that one woman is raped in every five minutes in this district, there are only three psychologists employed by the government to attend to a population of 1 020 592. As a result of the scarcity of health care professionals, survivors end up looking for assistance from their churches. South Africa is a country in which spirituality is clearly important. Seventy five percent of the population claim to be Christian and twenty percent claim allegiance to other religions In-depth interviews were conducted with eight female rape survivors between the ages of 18 and 40yrs, who considered themselves to have experienced spiritual healing. Content analysis indicated that spiritual healing approximated psychotherapeutic interventions in the provision of unconditional positive regard, empathy, congregational support and respect. Survivors strongly believed that their healing occurred as a result of prayer, reading Holy Scriptures, church support and spiritual guidance, which gave them strength to forgive perpetrators and move on with their lives.
Department of Health Mpumalanga Province
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Gless, Kathleen M. E. "A critique of testimonies and an art of surviving Rwandanese genocidal rape survivors, incest and stranger rape survivors /." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3064.

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Thesis (M.A.)--George Mason University, 2008.
Vita: p. 142. Thesis director: Debra Bergoffen. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 3, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 137-141). Also issued in print.
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Booley, Ayesha. "Subjective accounts of post-rape adjustment amongst South African rape survivors." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7481.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 107-118)
This study aimed to explore the subjective experiences of rape survivors, with a greater focus on the ongoing process of post-rape adjustment, as compared with the immediate psychological impact. The research employed feminist, qualitative methodology. In-depth interviews were conducted with ten rape survivors from the Rape Crisis office in Observatory, Cape Town, in the Western Cape. The interviews were recorded and the transcripts were analysed using grounded theory. The following broad thematic areas were identified: (1) psychiatric symptoms, (2) sense of self, (3) relationships with others, (4) coping attempts, and (5) grappling with meaning. The latter two thematic areas formed the focus of the study, and were discussed in more detail The main findings suggest that (l) subjective experience of the rape is more significant than the specific characteristics of the assault, (2) post-rape adjustment is not so much about recovery, but rather finding ways to adjust, which includes finding ways to live with the rape and making peace with the rape, and (3) meaning-making IS central to the process of post-rape adjustment. In addition, participants in the current study offered some alternative discourses to that of pathology. Recommendations for future research in this area are offered.
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Pistorio, Jaclyn M. P. "Mental health professionals' attitudes toward rape survivors." Thesis, Adler School of Professional Psychology, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3664152.

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The purpose of this dissertation is to examine licensed mental health professionals' attitudes towards rape survivors. Research indicates that the attitudes of police officers, mental health professionals, and the general public may influence the psychological adjustment of rape survivors and, consequently, whether or not that person seeks mental health treatment after the assault (Vincent, 2009). The negative impacts of rape on a person may not be specific only to the act of violence, but may also include secondary victimization from the survivors' negative experiences with authorities such as legal and mental health professionals (Campbell & Raja, 1999) who may hold negative beliefs about sexual assault and rape survivors (Nagel, Matsuo, McIntyre, & Morrison, 2005). Exposure to these negative beliefs held by others may be associated with negative secondary emotions in the survivor, such as guilt; guilt associated with actions taken or not taken in the context of rape has been observed to be positively correlated with posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, low self-esteem, social anxiety, and suicidal ideation (Kubany, Abueg, Owens, Brennan, Kaplan, & Watson, 1995). It is therefore important to examine the attitudes licensed mental health workers hold towards rape survivors, as these rape survivors may seek services from mental health professionals, and the clinicians' attitudes towards these clients' experiences may significantly impact survivors' recovery from a sexual assault. In addition to measuring the acceptance of rape myths in licensed mental health providers, this study aims to explore how demographic variables in mental health professionals, such as gender, type of graduate degree, or participant rape survivor status, are related to the attitudes participants report about sexual assault. It was hypothesized that male study participants would attribute greater responsibility to survivors than female study participants would, based on the results of the updated Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale, and congruent with published research highlighting this gender difference (Grubb & Harrower, 2009). It was hypothesized that mental health providers who have had more years of training in their graduate degree program would report lower levels of rape myth acceptance compared with those who had a shorter degree program. It was also hypothesized that participants who themselves identified as a rape survivor or who had a close friend or family member who is a survivor would attribute less responsibility to rape survivors, as research supports the observation that those who identify as survivors or friends of survivors may reject negative biases towards sexual assault survivors.

After completing both independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U statistical analyses, gender identity was the only demographic for which statistically significant mean differences were seen in total rape myth acceptance scores (p = .012). This finding is not surprising, as much of the current literature supports that men, in general, attribute more blame to rape survivors than women. Prior to the current study there was no published research using licensed mental health providers as participants in a study using the updated Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale. Data gathered from the current study will therefore offer a valuable contribution to the literature on this topic. Further, it is hoped that this data can be used in the development of graduate programs, continuing education courses, and didactic seminars that debunk rape myths and promote competency around rape survivor issues.

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Panepinto, Amberly R. "Meaning Reconstruction and Recovery in Rape Survivors." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1102005366.

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McEwan, Siobhan L. "Friendly fire differential symptomatology in survivors of stranger and acquaintance rape /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0028/NQ39289.pdf.

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Gregorowski, Claire. "Rape crisis counsellors' experiences of working with rape survivors in Cape Town." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14330.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-128).
This exploratory qualitative study documents the clinical knowledges gained by Rape Crisis counsellors working with rape survivors in Cape Town. It includes a description of the demographic profile of their clients, the rape experiences that their clients report, the psychological difficulties that clients present with, the methods of treatment being offered by the Rape Crisis counsellors, and counsellors' experiences regarding the effectiveness and/or limitations of these interventions. The research is conducted from a phenomenological hermeneutic framework. A semi-structured interview was developed for the research and was administered to eight counsellors and three counselling co-ordinators across the three Rape Crisis centres in Cape Town. Data were analysed using grounded theory analysis techniques. The research found that for the survivors of rape presenting for treatment at Rape Crisis, the experience of childhood sexual assault (CSA) was common, and that many survivors have experienced multiple traumatisation, or experience multiple ongoing stressors in addition to dealing with the impact of rape or CSA. Participants reported that survivors experience similar patterns of post-rape symptomotology as described in international literature. Treatments offered by participants were guided by the principle of empowerment and closely resembled feminist counselling models. The majority of participants' counselling work focussed on the early stages of recovery from trauma described in the literature, namely establishing physical, community, interpersonal and emotional safety. Establishing physical safety required that participants draw on an extensive network of non-government and other organisations. Treatment also focused on helping survivors to talk about their traumatic experiences and facilitating their connection with others. Participants commonly reported experiencing vicarious traumatisation as a result of their work with clients. The most commonly reported barriers to treatment were clients' conditions of poverty and the limited amount of sessions participants are able to offer due to limited resources. Despite these, the participants reported observing positive change in many of their clients following treatment.
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Hockett, Jericho M. "“Rape victims” versus “rape survivors”: oppression and resistance in individuals’ perceptions of women who have been raped." Diss., Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16525.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Psychological Sciences
Donald A. Saucier
An overview discusses rape in terms of two systems of social power: oppression and resistance. Components of these systems—i.e., individuals’ rape-related attitudes, beliefs, perceptions, and behaviors, and outcomes—are compared in the literatures on “rape victims” and “rape survivors” (Hockett & Saucier, under review), suggesting that different results and conclusions are associated with different labels applied to the same group (i.e., women who have been raped). Three studies assessed differences in individuals’ rape-related perceptions (Study 1), intergroup helping intentions (Study 2), and interpersonal helping intentions (Study 3) for “rape victims,” “rape survivors,” and “women who have been raped.” Extending feminist and social psychological theories of social power, results generally supported my hypotheses that such labels would produce different perceptions and helping intentions. The discussion addresses implications for theory, limitations, and directions for future research.
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Books on the topic "Rape survivors"

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Voices of the survivors. North Melbourne, Australia: Spinifex, 1994.

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Gardner, Lisa. The Survivors Club. 6th ed. New York: Bantam Books, 2002.

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The survivors club. Waterville, Me: Thorndike Press, 2002.

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Gardner, Lisa. The survivors club. London: BCA, 2002.

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Gardner, Lisa. The survivors club. London: BCA, 2002.

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The Survivors Club. New York: Bantam Books, 2002.

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Wife rape: Understanding the response of survivors and service providers. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 1996.

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Joyce, Zoldak, ed. Gender danger: Survivors of rape, human trafficking, and honor killings. Philadelphia: Mason Crest Publishers, 2009.

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1936-, Carlson Nancy L., ed. Rape, incest, and sexual harassment: A guide for helping survivors. New York: Praeger, 1989.

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Talking about sexual assault: Society's response to survivors. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rape survivors"

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Koss, Mary P., Lisa A. Goodman, Angela Browne, Louise F. Fitzgerald, Gwendolyn Puryear Keita, and Nancy Felipe Russo. "Intervention and treatment for rape survivors." In No safe haven: Male violence against women at home, at work, and in the community., 201–28. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10156-011.

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Abdullah-Khan, Noreen. "The Nature and Impact of Male Rape: Empirical Findings from Survivors of Male Rape." In Male Rape, 183–218. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230227651_8.

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Smith, Olivia. "Rape Trial Practicalities: Delays, Special Measures, and the Survivors’ Experience." In Rape Trials in England and Wales, 21–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75674-5_2.

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Serisier, Tanya. "Speaking Out Beyond Feminism: Public Survivors and Rape Narratives." In Speaking Out, 23–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98669-2_2.

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Spriggens, Lisa. "Witnessing Trauma: A Counsellor’s Reflections on the Effects of Working with Survivors of Sexual Violence." In Rape Culture, Gender Violence, and Religion, 159–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72685-4_9.

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Ferreday, Debra. "Like a Stone in Your Stomach: Articulating the Unspeakable in Rape Victim-Survivors’ Activist Selfies." In Selfie Citizenship, 127–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45270-8_14.

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Maisha, Buuma. "Relationships as Resilience and Posttraumatic Growth Factors for War-Time Survivors with Interpretations of Rape as Sexual Taboo." In Fostering Resilience Before, During, and After Experiences of Trauma, 170–81. New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Explorations in mental health: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003150855-11.

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Roupetz, Sophie, Amra Delic, and Heide Glaesmer. "An intergenerational perspective on conflict-related sexual violence against women: female survivors and their children born of war rape." In Children Born of War, 111–35. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429199851-6-7.

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Walker, Lenore E. A. "Rape and sexual assault." In Abused women and survivor therapy: A practical guide for the psychotherapist., 23–53. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10153-002.

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Smith, Olivia. "Cross-examination, Fair Trial, and Survivor Justice in Rape." In Rape Trials in England and Wales, 179–233. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75674-5_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rape survivors"

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Asbach, Jamie, Souma Chowdhury, and Kemper Lewis. "Using an Intelligent UAV Swarm in Natural Disaster Environments." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-86112.

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Due to their volatile behavior, natural disasters are challenging problems as they often cannot be accurately predicted. An efficient method to gather updated information of the status of a disaster, such as the location of any trapped survivors, is extremely important to properly conduct rescue operations. To accomplish this, an algorithm is presented to control a swarm of UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) and optimize the value of the information gathered. For this application, the UAVs are autonomously navigated with a decentralized control method. With sensor technology embedded, this swarm collects information from the environment as it operates. By using the swarm’s location history, areas of the environment that have gone the longest without exploration can be prioritized, ensuring a thorough search. Measures are also developed to prevent redundant or inefficient exploration, which would reduce the value of the gathered information. A case study of a flood scenario is examined and simulated. Through this approach, the value of the proposed swarm algorithm can be tested by tracking the number of survivors found as well as the rate at which they are discovered.
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Mak, Lawrence, Brian Farnworth, Eugene H. Wissler, Michel B. DuCharme, Wendell Uglene, Renee Boileau, Pete Hackett, and Andrew Kuczora. "Thermal Requirements for Surviving a Mass Rescue Incident in the Arctic: Preliminary Results." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49471.

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Maritime and air traffic through the Arctic has increased in recent years. Cruise ship and commercial jet liners carry a large number of passengers. With increased traffic, there is a higher probability that a major disaster could occur. Cruise ship and plane accidents could be catastrophic and may require mass rescue. Due to the remote location, limited search and rescue resources, time for these resources to get to the accident location and large number of survivors, the retrieval time could be several days. Therefore, survivors may be required to survive on their own for days while they await rescue. Recognizing that the International Maritime Organization does not have specific thermal performance criteria for liferafts and lifeboats and personal and group survival kits, the Maritime and Arctic Survival Scientific and Engineering Research Team (MASSERT) initiated a research project to improve safety and provide input for advances to regulations. The objective of the project is to investigate if the current thermal protective equipment and preparedness available to people traveling in the Canadian Arctic are adequate for surviving a major air or cruise ship disaster and to identify the minimum thermal protection criteria for survival. This project builds on the results and tools developed in other research projects conducted by the team on thermal protection of liferafts, lifeboats and immersion suits. The project is divided into three major phases — clothing ensemble testing with thermal manikins, a physiology experiment on sustainable shivering duration and ensemble testing in Arctic conditions with human subjects. A numerical model uses these data to simulate survival scenarios. In the first phase of this project, the thermal resistance values of the protective clothing typically available to cruise ship and aircraft passengers were measured using two thermal manikins. The ensembles included Cabin Wear, Deck Wear, Expedition Wear, Abandonment Wear and protective clothing from Canada Forces Major Air Disaster Kit (MAJAID). Tests were conducted on dry and wet ensembles at 5°C and −15°C with and without wind. There is very good agreement between the thermal resistances measured by the two manikins. The differences in thermal resistances observed are likely caused by variations in fit and wrinkles and folds in the ensembles from dressing. With no wind, the thermal resistance is lowest with Cabin Wear and highest with MAJAID clothing inside the down-filled casualty bag. The Expedition Wear, the Abandonment Wear and the MAJAID clothing have about the same thermal resistance. With 7 metre-per-second wind, the thermal resistance of all ensembles decreased significantly by 30% to 70%. These results highlight the importance of having a shelter as a windbreak. For wet clothing ensembles at 5°C, the initial wet thermal resistance was 2 to 2.5 times lower than the dry value, and drying times ranged up to 60 hours. This highlights the importance of staying dry. Preliminary predictions from the numerical model show that the survivors in Expedition Wear, even with sleeping bag and tent, can be mildly hypothermic and need to depend heavily on shivering to maintain thermal balance. In a shelter, the predicted metabolic rate is roughly double the resting rate; it is triple the resting rate without protection from the wind. Further research is required to study shivering fatigue and age effects. Research on mass rescue scenarios for cruise ships and airplanes survivors should ideally involve subjects of both genders and the elderly.
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Highland, Krista, Alejandra Hurtado de Mendoza, Ocla Kigen, and Vanessa B. Sheppard. "Abstract B36: Comorbidities in breast cancer survivors: The role of race and socioeconomic factors." In Abstracts: Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; December 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp13-b36.

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Smith, Brendan W., Justine B. Rowe, and David J. Reinkensmeyer. "Directly Measuring the Rate of Slacking as Stroke Survivors produced Isometric Forces during a Tracking Task." In 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8512740.

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Seiler, Annina, Angie S. LeRoy, and Christopher P. Fagundes. "Abstract 603: Immune response to the influenza vaccination and heart rate variability in breast cancer survivors." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2018; April 14-18, 2018; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-603.

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Nilsson, T., O. Johnson, and F. Lithner. "MOLECULAR MARKERS OF ENDOTHELIAL CELL DYSFUNCTION: OBSERVATIONS ON EXTRINSIC FIBRINOLYSIS IN SURVIVORS OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND IN TYPE-1 DIABETES MELLITUS." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643102.

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We have studied the extrinsic fibrinolytic system in survivors, below 70 years, from myocardial infarction (AMI) treated in Umeci during 1983; in 43 type-1 diabetics; and in controls. Elderly controls underwent chest x-ray, ECG, EEG, brain CT scan to verify their health. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) activity was measured with a fibrin-stimulated rate assay, before and after a 10 min venous occlusion test (VO), tPA antigen (Ag) with an ELISA, and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) by incubating samples with purified tPA and measuring remaining tPA with a polylysine-stimulated rate assay.In the diabetics, PAI and tPA:Ag were similar to the controls. tPA:Ag correlated with age (r=0.6). Diabetics had much higher specific activity of tPA (61,300 vs 21,900), and had also much higher tPA activity after VO (2.2 vs 1.2 U/ml). The tPA activities after VO correlated well with HbA1c (r=0.39). A significant effect of smoking was disclosed. Smoking diabetics had higher PAI and tPA antigen but also lower specific activity of tPA (60,600 vs 115,700 U/mg). Ex-smokers were very similar to smokers, not to the non-smokers. Retinopathy, nephropathy, or hypertension didn’t appear to affect fibrinolysis independently.In the AMI survivors (sampled 3 months after discharge from hospital), PAI was 6-fold higher than in elderly controls (p less than 0.0001). tPA activity after VO was much higher (3.2 vs 1.2 U/ml), as was tPA:Ag. tPA specific activity was lower. Among AMI patients with PAI over 10 U/ml, PAI correlated with triglycerides (r=0.4) and negatively with age (r=™0.4): these relations were not seen in the patients with PAI less than 10. The effects of smoking seen in diabetics were not observed among the AMI patients, von Willebrand factor was not increased among AMI nor diabetic patients, except for those with retinopathy.The results suggest that the tPA/PAI system is a more sensitive indicator than vWF of endothelial cell dysfunction. It relates to effects of age, atherosclerotic vascular disease, and among diabetics also to degree of metabolic control and to tobacco smoking habits.
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Bin Zhao and M. C. Valenti. "Per-survivor based detection of DPSK modulated high rate turbo codes over Rayleigh fading channels." In Conference Record. Thirty-Fifth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. IEEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acssc.2001.987650.

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Cooper, Dexter L., Desiree Rivers, Natalie D. Hernandez, Monica Harris, Lee Caplan, Lawrence McKinney, and Brian M. Rivers. "Abstract A007: Disparities in cancer clinical trial participation: The influences of race and social support among cancer survivors." In Abstracts: Eleventh AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; November 2-5, 2018; New Orleans, LA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp18-a007.

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Foulds, Jude, and John Shingledecker. "A Perspective on the Failure Rates of Long Seam-Welded Low Alloy Steel High Energy Piping." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-58015.

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For over three decades, the long seam-welded low alloy steel, Grades 11 and 22, high energy piping in fossil power plants has been considered at risk of premature damage and failure. The experience with piping damage and failures has been documented and extensively studied, but there remains a lack of perspective on how the overall experience with such piping, including that of the large “survivor” population, compares with what one may expect with the design rules used in their construction. Such a perspective can be useful in helping decide on suitable design rules for this class of piping. This paper focuses on an aggregate, global, semi-quantitative evaluation of the damage and failure experience in fossil plant low alloy steel long seam-welded piping in terms of a rate of failure measured against the performance of the overall population. A key aspect of the evaluation is the consideration of the survivor population, particularly important since the documented cases of failure and damage represent a very small fraction of the population of relevant components. The damage and failure rates have been derived from the Electric Power Research Institute database, using an exposure parameter represented by the product of operating time and length of piping. The rates are viewed against the backdrop of the statistical scatter band of base metal stress rupture data used in development of the ASME Code design allowable stresses and against the weld strength reduction factors recently adopted by the ASME Boiler Pressure Vessel Code, Section I and the Power Piping Code, B31.1.
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Ochoa, Carol Y., Lourdes Baezconde-Garbanati, and Joel Milam. "Abstract A013: Parental health communication and satisfaction with medical providers of childhood cancer survivors: Differences by race/ethnicity and language." In Abstracts: Eleventh AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; November 2-5, 2018; New Orleans, LA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp18-a013.

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Reports on the topic "Rape survivors"

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Dirisu, Osasuyi. Understanding barriers to clinical management of rape (CMR) services among survivors of rape in crisis settings in Borno state. Population Council, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh12.1012.

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Khan, M. E., Aruna Bhattacharya, Ismat Bhuiya, and Aditi Aeron. A situation analysis of care and support for rape survivors at first point of contact in India and Bangladesh. Population Council, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh4.1112.

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Thompson, Jill, Chi-Chi Undie, and Ian Askew. Access to emergency contraception and safe abortion services for survivors of rape and defilement in sub-Saharan Africa: A regional overview. Population Council, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh4.1097.

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Keesbury, Jill, Mary Zama, and Sudha Shreeniwas. The Copperbelt model of integrated care for survivors of rape and defilement: Testing the feasibility of police provision of emergency contraceptive pills. Population Council, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh3.1044.

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Thompson, Jill, Chi-Chi Undie, and Ian Askew. Access to emergency contraception and safe abortion services for survivors of rape: A review of policies, programmes and country experiences in sub-Saharan Africa. Population Council, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh4.1051.

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Chelwa, Nachela, Kshipra Hemal, George Phiri, Michael Mbizvo, and Chi-Chi Undie. Enhancing access to post-rape care for child survivors in the context of police and health services in Zambia: A feasibility assessment of a police response model. Population Council, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh7.1014.

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Carter, Becky. Women’s and Girls’ Experiences of Security and Justice in Somaliland. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.077.

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This rapid review seeks to provide an overview of the publicly available literature from the academic, donor, and non-government organisation sources on women’s and girls’ experiences of statutory and customary security and justice in Somaliland. In Somaliland women and girls experience poor security, with high rates of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV), and significant barriers to gender equality in the pluralistic legal system. The predominant clan-based customary justice system, along with conservative social norms and religious beliefs, discriminates against women and girls, while weak formal state institutions are not able to deliver accessible and effective justice for vulnerable and marginalised groups. Social stigma silences SGBV survivors and their families, with many rape crimes resolved through customary compensation or marriage. National and international organisations have undertaken various activities to promote gender equality in security and justice, with support provided to formal and informal security and justice institutions and actors at national and local levels, as well as initiatives to empower women and girls.
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Eichengreen, Barry. Exchange Rate Regimes and Capital Mobility: How Much of the Swoboda Thesis Survives? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14100.

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Mobley, Erin M., Diana J. Moke, Joel Milam, Carol Y. Ochoa, Julia Stal, Nosa Osazuwa, Maria Bolshakova, et al. Disparities and Barriers to Pediatric Cancer Survivorship Care. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepctb39.

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Objectives. Survival rates for pediatric cancer have dramatically increased since the 1970s, and the population of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) exceeds 500,000 in the United States. Cancer during childhood and related treatments lead to long-term health problems, many of which are poorly understood. These problems can be amplified by suboptimal survivorship care. This report provides an overview of the existing evidence and forthcoming research relevant to disparities and barriers for pediatric cancer survivorship care, outlines pending questions, and offers guidance for future research. Data sources. This Technical Brief reviews published peer-reviewed literature, grey literature, and Key Informant interviews to answer five Guiding Questions regarding disparities in the care of pediatric survivors, barriers to cancer survivorship care, proposed strategies, evaluated interventions, and future directions. Review methods. We searched research databases, research registries, and published reviews for ongoing and published studies in CCS to October 2020. We used the authors’ definition of CCS; where not specified, CCS included those diagnosed with any cancer prior to age 21. The grey literature search included relevant professional and nonprofit organizational websites and guideline clearinghouses. Key Informants provided content expertise regarding published and ongoing research, and recommended approaches to fill identified gaps. Results. In total, 110 studies met inclusion criteria. We identified 26 studies that assessed disparities in survivorship care for CCS. Key Informants discussed subgroups of CCS by race or ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic status, and insurance coverage that may experience disparities in survivorship care, and these were supported in the published literature. Key Informants indicated that major barriers to care are providers (e.g., insufficient knowledge), the health system (e.g., availability of services), and payers (e.g., network adequacy); we identified 47 studies that assessed a large range of barriers to survivorship care. Sixteen organizations have outlined strategies to address pediatric survivorship care. Our searches identified only 27 published studies that evaluated interventions to alleviate disparities and reduce barriers to care. These predominantly assessed approaches that targeted patients. We found only eight ongoing studies that evaluated strategies to address disparities and barriers. Conclusions. While research has addressed disparities and barriers to survivorship care for childhood cancer survivors, evidence-based interventions to address these disparities and barriers to care are sparse. Additional research is also needed to examine less frequently studied disparities and barriers and to evaluate ameliorative strategies in order to improve the survivorship care for CCS.
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