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Journal articles on the topic 'Randomized controlled trials'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 21 February 2023

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1

Stolberg, Harald O., Geoffrey Norman, and Isabelle Trop. "Randomized Controlled Trials." American Journal of Roentgenology 183, no. 6 (December 2004): 1539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.183.6.01831539.

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2

McCarthy, Colleen M. "Randomized Controlled Trials." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 127, no. 4 (April 2011): 1707–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/prs.0b013e31820da3eb.

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3

SCHULZ, KENNETH F. "Randomized Controlled Trials." Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 41, no. 2 (June 1998): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003081-199806000-00005.

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4

Moss, Heather E., Jing Cao, and Stacy L. Pineles. "Randomized Controlled Trials." Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology 40, no. 1 (March 2020): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wno.0000000000000873.

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5

BANERJEE, SUBE. "Randomized controlled trials." International Review of Psychiatry 10, no. 4 (January 1998): 291–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540269874646.

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6

McLeod, Robin. "Randomized, Controlled Trials." Annals of Surgery 244, no. 5 (November 2006): 684–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.sla.0000243593.93571.98.

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7

Marler, John. "Randomized controlled trials." Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Disorders 5, sup1 (September 2004): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17434470410019933.

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8

Smith, C. J. "Randomized controlled trials." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 26, no. 2 (March 2011): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/phleb.2010.010j02.

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9

Moffett, Jennifer A. Klaber. "Randomized controlled trials." Clinical Rehabilitation 5, no. 1 (February 1991): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026921559100500101.

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10

JAINER, ASHOK KUMAR, and MOHAN CHAWLA. "Randomized Controlled Trials." American Journal of Psychiatry 160, no. 6 (June 2003): 1189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.160.6.1189.

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11

Salmond, Susan S. "Randomized Controlled Trials." Orthopaedic Nursing 27, no. 2 (March 2008): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nor.0000315626.44137.94.

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12

&NA;. "Randomized Controlled Trials." Orthopaedic Nursing 27, no. 2 (March 2008): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nor.0000315627.51761.7a.

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13

Gardiner, Matthew D., and Abhilash Jain. "Randomized Controlled Trials." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 138, no. 4 (October 2016): 777e—778e. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/prs.0000000000002591.

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14

Alexander, Jo. "Randomized controlled trials." British Journal of Midwifery 3, no. 12 (December 2, 1995): 656–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.1995.3.12.656.

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15

Zabor, Emily C., Alexander M. Kaizer, and Brian P. Hobbs. "Randomized Controlled Trials." Chest 158, no. 1 (July 2020): S79—S87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.013.

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16

Streiner, David L., and Geoffrey R. Norman. "Randomized controlled trials." Community Oncology 6, no. 2 (February 2009): 83–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1548-5315(11)70216-9.

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17

Williamson, R. C. N., J. R. Farndon, J. A. Murie, and C. D. Johnson. "Randomized controlled trials." British Journal of Surgery 81, no. 2 (February 1994): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800810224.

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18

Williamson, R. C. N., J. R. Farndon, J. A. Murie, C. D. Johnson, and J. J. Earnshaw. "Randomized controlled trials." British Journal of Surgery 82, no. 6 (June 1995): 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800820619.

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19

Torpy, Janet M. "Randomized Controlled Trials." JAMA 303, no. 12 (March 24, 2010): 1216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.303.12.1216.

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20

Torpy, Janet M. "Randomized Controlled Trials." JAMA 294, no. 17 (November 2, 2005): 2262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.294.17.2262.

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21

Torpy, Janet M., Cassio Lynm, and Richard M. Glass. "Randomized Controlled Trials." JAMA 295, no. 23 (June 21, 2006): 2812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.295.23.2812.

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22

Takroni, Radwan, Sunjay Sharma, Kesava Reddy, Nirmeen Zagzoog, Majid Aljoghaiman, Mazen Alotaibi, and Forough Farrokhyar. "Randomized controlled trials in neurosurgery." Surgical Neurology International 13 (August 26, 2022): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_1032_2021.

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Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have become the standard method of evaluating new interventions (whether medical or surgical), and the best evidence used to inform the development of new practice guidelines. When we review the history of medical versus surgical trials, surgical RCTs usually face more challenges and difficulties when conducted. These challenges can be in blinding, recruiting, funding, and even in certain ethical issues. Moreover, to add to the complexity, the field of neurosurgery has its own unique challenges when it comes to conducting an RCT. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the history of neurosurgical RCTs, focusing on some of the most critical challenges and obstacles that face investigators. The main domains this review will address are: (1) Trial design: equipoise, blinding, sham surgery, expertise-based trials, reporting of outcomes, and pilot trials, (2) trial implementation: funding, recruitment, and retention, and (3) trial analysis: intention-to-treat versus as-treated and learning curve effect.

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23

Golden, Isaac. "Beyond Randomized Controlled Trials." Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine 17, no. 1 (January 2012): 72–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156587211429351.

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Complementary and alternative medicine is criticized by some as lacking evidence to support the effectiveness of its methods and medicines. Such critics typically point to mixed results from using randomized controlled trials to test complementary and alternative medicine. Randomized controlled trials have been held to be the “gold standard” in pharmaceutical research, but a growing body of evidence in orthodox journals has identified their limitations. Here, 5 fundamental flaws in the randomized controlled trial–based model are discussed as well as the impact on its relevance for testing complementary and alternative medicine therapies. A better way to evaluate complementary and alternative medicine therapies is also proposed. A 7-item checklist is suggested to quantify the strength of an area of complementary and alternative medicine research.

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24

Sarker, Jyotirmoy. "Ethical issues of randomized controlled trials." Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 5, no. 1 (March 26, 2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v5i1.18441.

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Clinical trials involve the application of different medical interventions on human participants. Randomized controlled trials involve different groups of human subjects undergoing different clinical interventions. This process ensures bias free subject allocation which leads to a way to statistically establish the research result. Strict ethical guidance is necessary from selection of participants to the analysis of trial results. Without proper guidance the trial participants would be subjected to unethical experiments. Before starting the randomized controlled trials the investigators must meet all ethics issues. The institutional review board (IRB) must check whether all ethical demands are met or not before permitting the research. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v5i1.18441 Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2014 Vol.5(1): 1-4

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25

Kim, Kevin S., An-Wen Chan, Emilie P. Belley-Côté, and Aaron M. Drucker. "Noninferiority Randomized Controlled Trials." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 142, no. 7 (July 2022): 1773–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2022.04.015.

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26

&NA;. "RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIALS." American Journal of Therapeutics 4, no. 11 (November 1997): 349–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00045391-199711000-00001.

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27

Howick, J. "Rethinking randomized controlled trials." Canadian Medical Association Journal 179, no. 11 (November 18, 2008): 1178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.081675.

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28

Dreyfuss, Didier. "Beyond randomized, controlled trials." Current Opinion in Critical Care 10, no. 4 (December 2004): 574–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ccx.0000144763.88787.e8.

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29

Brennan, Murray F. "Commentary: Randomized Controlled Trials." Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America 19, no. 1 (January 2010): xix—xx. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soc.2009.09.016.

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30

Cole, CH. "Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 39, no. 2 (March 2003): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1754.2003.t01-6-00121.x.

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31

Puffer, Suezann, David J. Torgerson, and Judith Watson. "Cluster randomized controlled trials." Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 11, no. 5 (October 2005): 479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2753.2005.00568.x.

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32

Tab�r, L�szl�, Bedrich Vitak, Hsiu-Hsi Tony Chen, Ming-Fang Yen, Stephen W. Duffy, and Robert A. Smith. "Beyond randomized controlled trials." Cancer 91, no. 9 (2001): 1724–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(20010501)91:9<1724::aid-cncr1190>3.0.co;2-v.

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33

Ko, Clifford Y., Jonathan Sack, John T. Chang, and Arlene Fink. "Reporting Randomized, Controlled Trials." Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 45, no. 4 (April 2002): 443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10350-004-6217-x.

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34

Atkins, C. D. "Reporting randomized controlled trials." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 274, no. 17 (November 1, 1995): 1342–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.274.17.1342.

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35

Atkins, Carl D. "Reporting Randomized Controlled Trials." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 274, no. 17 (November 1, 1995): 1342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1995.03530170022014.

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36

Rennie, Drummond. "Reporting Randomized Controlled Trials." JAMA 273, no. 13 (April 5, 1995): 1054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1995.03520370096044.

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37

Ponzone, Riccardo, Piero Sismondi, and Michael Baum. "Beyond randomized controlled trials." Cancer 94, no. 2 (January 15, 2002): 579–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.10216.

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38

Olsen, Ole. "Beyond randomized controlled trials." Cancer 94, no. 2 (January 15, 2002): 578–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.10218.

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39

Kopans, Daniel B. "Beyond randomized controlled trials." Cancer 94, no. 2 (January 15, 2002): 580–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.10220.

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40

Gøtzsche, Peter C. "Beyond randomized controlled trials." Cancer 94, no. 2 (January 15, 2002): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.10224.

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41

Elrggal, Mahmood E., Morooj Al-Muwallad, Areej Al-Otaibi, Jomanah Alsiddik, Alaa Shahbar, and Ejaz Cheema. "Assessment of quality of reporting of Helicobacter pylori related randomized controlled trials: a focus on highly ranked gastroenterology journals." International Journal of Clinical Trials 5, no. 1 (January 23, 2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3259.ijct20180127.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Randomized controlled trials are often considered as the gold standard for measuring the effectiveness of an intervention. However, inappropriate or poor reporting in randomized controlled trials can produce biased estimates of treatment effects.<strong> </strong>Clinical trials that do not use the CONSORT statement for reporting their findings will have limited value to the clinicians and researchers due to the risk of bias in their results. This review aims to assess the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials in <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> associated infections by using the CONSORT 2010 checklist.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All issues of 20 highly ranked gastroenterology journals published from Jan 2011 up to November 2017 were searched. Searches were conducted in November 2017. Randomized controlled trials reporting on <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> associated infections were included in the review.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 21 randomized controlled trials published in gastroenterology journals were included in the study. All included studies adequately reported (100%) on items including description of interventions, outcomes assessed, total number of participants analysed, baseline characteristics and results of outcome assessed. However, items including blinding and mechanism of allocation concealment were reported in only 12 randomized controlled trials (50%).<strong> </strong>The maximum and minimum scores and percentage of compliance of included randomised controlled trials were 24 (100%) and 15 (62.5%) respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The finding of this review suggests that the overall quality of reporting in the included randomized controlled trials was adequate. However, items including trial design, trial registration and protocol and sample size calculations should be reported adequately in the future randomized controlled trials to improve the quality of reporting and replicability of clinical trials.</p>

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42

Petersen, Ronald C., Ronald G. Thomas, Paul S. Aisen, Richard C. Mohs, Maria C. Carrillo, and Marilyn S. Albert. "Randomized controlled trials in mild cognitive impairment." Neurology 88, no. 18 (April 5, 2017): 1751–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000003907.

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Objective:To examine the variability in performance among placebo groups in randomized controlled trials for mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Methods:Placebo group data were obtained from 2 National Institute on Aging (NIA) MCI randomized controlled trials, the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study (ADCS) MCI trial and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), which is a simulated clinical trial, in addition to industry-sponsored clinical trials involving rivastigmine, galantamine, rofecoxib, and donepezil. The data were collated for common measurement instruments. The performance of the placebo participants from these studies was tracked on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale–cognitive subscale, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Clinical Dementia Rating–sum of boxes, and for progression on these measures to prespecified clinical study endpoints. APOE status, where available, was also analyzed for its effects.Results:The progression to clinical endpoints varied a great deal among the trials. The expected performances were seen for the participants in the 2 NIA trials, ADCS and ADNI, with generally worsening of performance over time; however, the industry-sponsored trials largely showed stable or improved performance in their placebo participants. APOE4 carrier status influenced results in an expected fashion on the study outcomes, including rates of progression and cognitive subscales.Conclusions:In spite of apparently similar criteria for MCI being adopted by the 7 studies, the implementation of the criteria varied a great deal. Several explanations including instruments used to characterize participants and variability among study populations contributed to the findings.

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43

Mcpherson, Klim, Annie R. Britton, and John E. Wennberg. "Are Randomized Controlled Trials Controlled? Patient Preferences and Unblind Trials." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 90, no. 12 (December 1997): 652–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107689709001205.

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The most reliable information about treatment effects comes from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, the possibility of subtle interactions—for example, between treatment preferences and treatment effects—is generally subordinated in the quest for evidence about main treatment effects. If patient preferences can influence the effectiveness of treatments through poorly understood (psychological) pathways, then RCTs, particularly when unblinded, may wrongly attribute effects solely to a treatment's physiological/pharmacological properties. To interpret the RCT evidence base it is important to know whether any preference effects exist and, if so, by how much they affect outcome. Reliable measurement of these effects is difficult and will require new approaches to the conduct of trials. In view of the fanciful image with which such effects are portrayed and the uncertainties about their true nature and biological mechanisms, existing evidence is unlikely to provide sufficient justification for investment in trials. This is a Catch 22. Until an escape is found we might never know, even approximately, how much of modern medicine is attributable to psychological processes.

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44

Ferrari, Marco. "Value of randomized controlled trials." STOMATOLOGY EDU JOURNAL 8, no. 1 (2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2021.8(1).edit.2.

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45

Raina, SunilKumar. "Conducting placebo controlled randomized trials." Indian Journal of Medical Research 141, no. 6 (2015): 839. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-5916.160724.

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46

FERRARI, Marco. "Value of randomized controlled trials." STOMATOLOGY EDU JOURNAL 8, no. 1 (2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.25241/stomaeduj.2021.8(1).edit2.

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47

Chaulk, C. Patrick, and Vahé A. Kazandjian. "MOVING BEYOND RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS." American Journal of Public Health 94, no. 9 (September 2004): 1476. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.94.9.1476.

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48

Stanley, Kenneth. "Design of Randomized Controlled Trials." Circulation 115, no. 9 (March 6, 2007): 1164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.105.594945.

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49

Gionchetti, P., A. Calafiore, C. Pratico, S. Laureti, G. Vitali, G. Poggioli, M. Campieri, and F. Rizzello. "Randomized Controlled Trials in Pouchitis." Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials 7, no. 4 (November 1, 2012): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574887111207040303.

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50

Gionchetti, P., A. Calafiore, C. Pratico, S. Laureti, G. Vitali, G. Poggioli, M. Campieri, and F. Rizzello. "Randomized Controlled Trials in Pouchitis." Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials 7, no. 4 (November 1, 2012): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157488712803989334.

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