Journal articles: 'RAMI model'

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Pinty, Bernard, Nadine Gobron, Jean-Luc Widlowski, Sigfried A. W. Gerstl, Michel M. Verstraete, Mauro Antunes, Cédric Bacour, et al. "Radiation transfer model intercomparison (RAMI) exercise." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 106, no. D11 (June 1, 2001): 11937–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000jd900493.

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Melo, Pablo F. S., Eduardo P. Godoy, Paolo Ferrari, and Emiliano Sisinni. "Open Source Control Device for Industry 4.0 Based on RAMI 4.0." Electronics 10, no. 7 (April 6, 2021): 869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070869.

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The technical innovation of the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0—I4.0) is based on the following respective conditions: horizontal and vertical integration of manufacturing systems, decentralization of computing resources and continuous digital engineering throughout the product life cycle. The reference architecture model for Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0) is a common model for systematizing, structuring and mapping the complex relationships and functionalities required in I4.0 applications. Despite its adoption in I4.0 projects, RAMI 4.0 is an abstract model, not an implementation guide, which hinders its current adoption and full deployment. As a result, many papers have recently studied the interactions required among the elements distributed along the three axes of RAMI 4.0 to develop a solution compatible with the model. This paper investigates RAMI 4.0 and describes our proposal for the development of an open-source control device for I4.0 applications. The control device is one of the elements in the hierarchy-level axis of RAMI 4.0. Its main contribution is the integration of open-source solutions of hardware, software, communication and programming, covering the relationships among three layers of RAMI 4.0 (assets, integration and communication). The implementation of a proof of concept of the control device is discussed. Experiments in an I4.0 scenario were used to validate the operation of the control device and demonstrated its effectiveness and robustness without interruption, failure or communication problems during the experiments.

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Otero, Pablo E., Santiago E. Fuensalida, Pedro C. Russo, Natali Verdier, Carlos Blanco, and Diego A. Portela. "Mechanism of action of the erector spinae plane block: distribution of dye in a porcine model." Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 45, no. 3 (January 6, 2020): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2019-100964.

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This study aimed to describe the anatomical distribution of dye injected in the erector spinae plane (ESP) in a porcine living model, which could aid to reveal factors potentially relevant to the unexplained clinical effects of the ESP block. Six pigs received 0.6 mL/kg of 0.25% new methylene blue at the level of the sixth thoracic vertebra through either a cranial-to-caudal or a caudal-to-cranial in-plane ultrasound-guided bilateral ESP injection 20 min before euthanasia.Spread of dye evaluated through transverse cryosections (four injections) extended from T5 to T10 and from T5 to T8 when a cranial-to-caudal direction of injection was used, and from T5 to T9 and from T5 to T8 when the opposite direction of injection was used. A median of 4.5 medial and lateral branches of the dorsal rami was observed stained through anatomical dissection (eight injections), regardless of the direction of injection. No evidence of dye was found in the thoracic paravertebral or epidural spaces, where the dorsal root ganglia, ventral rami and rami communicantes are located. In all the cases, dye solution was found in the prevertebral thoracic lymph nodes.In this study, ESP injection resulted in a median spread over five spinal segments (12 injections), staining the lateral and medial branches of the dorsal rami of the spinal nerves, regardless of the direction of the needle used.

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Utama Thomas, Handi, Roesyanto Roesyanto, and Rudi Iskandar. "Pengaruh Penambahan Serat Rami pada Tanah Terjun-Medan dengan Pengujian Standard Compaction, Triaxial Unconsolidated Undrained, dan Prediksi Balik dengan Plaxis 2D." Jurnal Health Sains 2, no. 4 (April 23, 2021): 626–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46799/jsa.v2i4.220.

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Tanah mempunyai peranan yang penting dalam konstruksi. Daya dukung tanah wajib mampu menahan beban struktur di atasnya. Problematika tanah lunak yang sering dijumpai seperti kerusakan jalan perkerasan lentur maupun kaku, kelongsoran timbunan, kelongsoran lereng, dan penurunan tanah yang menyebabkan kerusakan struktur. Diperlukan inovasi yang ramah lingkungan dalam penanganan tanah lunak tersebut secara in-situ disamping dengan pertimbangan dari segi ekonomis, waktu, dan ketersediaan material. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan serat rami pada tanah terhadap kekuatan geser dan kepadatan kering maksimum tanah. Penelitian ini menggunakan serat rami yang dicampurkan secara acak dengan tanah dengan kadar rami sebesar 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% dan 5% dari berat tanah kemudian dilakukan compaction test dan Triaxial UU. Pengujian Triaxial UU dilakukan untuk tanah dengan kandungan serat maksimum. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu kepadatan kering maksimum (ℽdmax) tanah mengalami penurunan seiring dengan penambahan serat rami dimana ℽdmax tertinggi sebesar 1,595 g/cm3 sedangkan ℽdmax terendah sebesar 1,438 g/cm3. Penambahan serat rami sebesar 5% menghasilkan peningkatan pada nilai kekuatan geser (cu) hasil pengujian Triaxial UU sebesar 477,1% dari 1,05 kg/cm2 menjadi 5,01 kg/cm2. Hasil pemodelan Triaxial UU dengan pemodelan harderning soil model pada program Plaxis 2D cukup mendekati dengan hasil pengujian laboratorim dengan hasil tegangan deviatorik yang relatif sama.

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Huang, Huaguo. "Accelerated RAPID Model Using Heterogeneous Porous Objects." Remote Sensing 10, no. 8 (August 11, 2018): 1264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10081264.

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To enhance the capability of three-dimensional (3D) radiative transfer models at the kilometer scale (km-scale), the radiosity applicable to porous individual objects (RAPID) model has been upgraded to RAPID3. The major innovation is that the homogeneous porous object concept (HOMOBJ) used for a tree crown scale is extended to a heterogeneous porous object (HETOBJ) for a forest plot scale. Correspondingly, the radiosity-graphics-combined method has been extended from HOMOBJ to HETOBJ, including the random dynamic projection algorithm, the updated modules of view factors, the single scattering estimation, the multiple scattering solutions, and the bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) calculations. Five cases of the third radiation transfer model intercomparison (RAMI-3) have been used to verify RAPID3 by the RAMI-3 online checker. Seven scenes with different degrees of topography (valleys and hills) at 500 m size have also been simulated. Using a personal computer (CPU 2.5 GHz, memory 4 GB), the computation time of BRF at 500 m is only approximately 13 min per scene. The mean root mean square error is 0.015. RAPID3 simulated the enhanced contrast of BRF between backward and forward directions due to topography. RAPID3 has been integrated into the free RAPID platform, which should be very useful for the remote sensing community. In addition, the HETOBJ concept may also be useful for the speedup of ray tracing models.

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Pinty, B., J. L. Widlowski, M. Taberner, N. Gobron, M. M. Verstraete, M. Disney, F. Gascon, et al. "Radiation Transfer Model Intercomparison (RAMI) exercise: Results from the second phase." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 109, no. D6 (March 25, 2004): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003jd004252.

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Velásquez, Nancy, Elsa Estevez, and Patricia Pesado. "Cloud Computing, Big Data and the Industry 4.0 Reference Architectures." Journal of Computer Science and Technology 18, no. 03 (December 12, 2018): e29. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/16666038.18.e29.

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The Industry 4.0 promotes the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in manufacturing processes to obtain customized products satisfying demanding needs of new consumers. The Industry 4.0 approach transforms the traditional pyramid model of automation to a network model of interconnected services, combining operational technology (OT) with Information Technology (IT). This new model allows the creation of ecosystems enabling more flexible production processes through connecting systems and sharing data. In this context, cloud computing and big data are critical technologies for leveraging the approach. Thus, this paper analyzes cloud computing and big data under the lenses of two leading reference architectures for implementing Industry 4.0: 1) the Industrial Internet Reference Architecture (IIRA), and 2) the Reference Architecture Model Industrie 4.0 (RAMI 4.0). A main contribution of this paper is to present a comparative analysis of IIRA and RAMI 4.0, discussing needs, benefits, and challenges of applying cloud computing and big data in the Industry 4.0.

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Widlowski, J. L., M. Robustelli, M. Disney, J. P. Gastellu-Etchegorry, T. Lavergne, P. Lewis, P. R. J. North, B. Pinty, R. Thompson, and M. M. Verstraete. "The RAMI On-line Model Checker (ROMC): A web-based benchmarking facility for canopy reflectance models." Remote Sensing of Environment 112, no. 3 (March 2008): 1144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2007.07.016.

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Contreras, Juan David, Jose Isidro Garcia, and Juan David Diaz. "Developing of Industry 4.0 Applications." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 13, no. 10 (November 7, 2017): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v13i10.7331.

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The fourth industrial revolution or industry 4.0 has become a trend topic nowadays, this standard-based strategy integrates Smart Factories, Cyber-physical systems, Internet of Things, and Internet of Service with the aim of extended the capacities of the manufacturing systems. Although several authors have presented the advantages of this approach, few papers refer to an architecture that allows the correct implementation of industry 4.0 applications using the guidelines of the reference architecture model (RAMI 4.0). In this way, this article exposes the essential characteristics that allow a manufacturing system to be retrofitting as a correct industry 4.0 application. Specifically, an intelligent manufacturing system under a holonic approach was developed and implemented using standards like FDI, AutomationML and OPC UA according to the RAMI 4.0

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Widlowski, J. L., B. Pinty, M. Lopatka, C. Atzberger, D. Buzica, M. Chelle, M. Disney, et al. "The fourth radiation transfer model intercomparison (RAMI-IV): Proficiency testing of canopy reflectance models with ISO-13528." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 118, no. 13 (July 1, 2013): 6869–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50497.

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Resman, M., M. Pipan, M. Simic, and N. Herakovic. "A new architecture model for smart manufacturing: A performance analysis and comparison with the RAMI 4.0 reference model." Advances in Production Engineering & Management 14, no. 2 (June 9, 2019): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14743/apem2019.2.318.

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Woo, Kihoon. "An Exploratory Study of Smart Factory Reference Models by Country - Focusing on Rami 4.0, IIRA, and Korean Smart Factory Model -." Institute of Global Business Research 33, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 143–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46775/jgbr.2021.33.1.07.

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Widlowski, Jean-Luc, Corrado Mio, Mathias Disney, Jennifer Adams, Ioannis Andredakis, Clement Atzberger, James Brennan, et al. "The fourth phase of the radiative transfer model intercomparison (RAMI) exercise: Actual canopy scenarios and conformity testing." Remote Sensing of Environment 169 (November 2015): 418–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.08.016.

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Cavalieri, Salvatore, and Marco Giuseppe Salafia. "A Model for Predictive Maintenance Based on Asset Administration Shell." Sensors 20, no. 21 (October 23, 2020): 6028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20216028.

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Maintenance is one of the most important aspects in industrial and production environments. Predictive maintenance is an approach that aims to schedule maintenance tasks based on historical data in order to avoid machine failures and reduce the costs due to unnecessary maintenance actions. Approaches for the implementation of a maintenance solution often differ depending on the kind of data to be analyzed and on the techniques and models adopted for the failure forecasts and for maintenance decision-making. Nowadays, Industry 4.0 introduces a flexible and adaptable manufacturing concept to satisfy a market requiring an increasing demand for customization. The adoption of vendor-specific solutions for predictive maintenance and the heterogeneity of technologies adopted in the brownfield for the condition monitoring of machinery reduce the flexibility and interoperability required by Industry 4.0. In this paper a novel approach for the definition of a generic and technology-independent model for predictive maintenance is presented. Such model leverages on the concept of the Reference Architecture Model for Industry (RAMI) 4.0 Asset Administration Shell, as a means to achieve interoperability between different devices and to implement generic functionalities for predictive maintenance.

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Pinto, Maria G. F., Phelipe O. Favaron, Dayane Alcântara, Adriana R. A. Anunciação, Maria A. Miglino, Vicenti Borelli, and Antonio F.Filho. "Patterns of arterial vascularization in swine hearts." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 36, no. 5 (May 2016): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2016000500011.

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Abstract: This study aimed to characterize the patterns of arterial vascularization in swine hearts. Ninety swine hearts were submitted to the Spalteholz diaphanization technique in order to dissect the coronary arteries. Three types of arterial vascularization patterns were characterized through the behaviorof the rami circumflexus and interventricularis, namely: balanced, right and left types. The balanced pattern was the most frequently (42.2%); in this case, the rami circumflexus and interventricularis occupied their respective sulci. The right type (40%) was further categorized into three vascularization subtypes. In the first, ramus circumflexus dexter branched from the ramus interventricularis subsinuosus. In the second, the arteria coronaria dextra branched from ramus interventricularis subsinuosus and ramus circumflexus. In the third model, arteria coronaria sinister branched from ramus interventricularis paraconalis. The left type (17.7%) exhibited two subtypes. In the first, ramus interventricularis paraconalis ran through the entire corresponding sulcus and the ventral third of sulcus interventricularis subsinuosus, and ramus interventricularis subsinuosus occupied the dorsal and middle third of its respective sulcus. In the second, ramus interventricularis subsinuosus branched from arteria coronaria dextra and ran through the dorsal and medium thirds of its respective sulcus, and the ventral third was occupied by the collateral branch of ramus circumflexus sinister. Our results reinforce the thesis that the blood distribution system through the coronary artery in swine is similar to human, not only in qualitative but also by a quantitative comparison.

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Sriliana, Idhia, Dian Agustina, and Etis Sunandi. "Pemetaan Kemiskinan di Kabupaten Mukomuko Menggunakan Small Area Estimation Dengan Pendekatan Regresi Penalized Spline." Jurnal Matematika Integratif 12, no. 2 (July 13, 2017): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jmi.v12.n2.11929.125-133.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemetaan kemiskinan di Kabupaten Mukomuko ProvinsiBengkulu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Small Area Estimation (SAE) denganpendekatan regresi Penalized Spline (P-Spline). Pendugaan parametr model dasar SAE umumnyamembangun suatu model linier campuran yang mengasumsikan bahwa variabel respon dan variabelprediktor mempunyai hubungan linear. Ketika asumsi tersebut tidak terpenuhi, maka dilakukanpendekatan nonparametrik sebagai alternatif pilihan. Salah satunya adalah pendekatan nonparametrikP-Spline. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pendugaan parameter model menggunakan P-Spline sehinggadiperoleh suatu persamaan regresi efek campuran sebagai model SAE. Selanjutnya model tersebutdigunakan untuk menduga tingkat kemiskinan pada area yang tersampling., sehingga diperoleh pendugatingkat kemiskinan pada level desa di Kabupaten Mukomuko yang disajikan dalam bentuk petakemiskinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendugaan menggunakan model SAE dengan P-Splinememiliki trend (kecenderungan) yang sama dengan penduga langsung. Kecamatan yang memiliki tingkatkemiskinan tinggi menyebar di bagian Timur Laut dan Tenggara dari Kabupaten Mukomuko, yaituKecamatan Selagan Raya, Teramang Jaya, Pondok Suguh, dan Air Rami masing-masing memiliki rata-rata kemiskinan yang tinggi. Sedangkan kecamatan dengan tingkat kemiskinan rendah adalahKecamatan Lubuk Pinang.

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Sriliana, Idhia, Dian Agustina, and Etis Sunandi. "Pemetaan Kemiskinan di Kabupaten Mukomuko Menggunakan Small Area Estimation Dengan Pendekatan Regresi Penalized Spline." Jurnal Matematika Integratif 12, no. 2 (July 11, 2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jmi.v12.n2.11929.59-67.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemetaan kemiskinan di Kabupaten Mukomuko ProvinsiBengkulu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Small Area Estimation (SAE) denganpendekatan regresi Penalized Spline (P-Spline). Pendugaan parametr model dasar SAE umumnyamembangun suatu model linier campuran yang mengasumsikan bahwa variabel respon dan variabelprediktor mempunyai hubungan linear. Ketika asumsi tersebut tidak terpenuhi, maka dilakukanpendekatan nonparametrik sebagai alternatif pilihan. Salah satunya adalah pendekatan nonparametrikP-Spline. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pendugaan parameter model menggunakan P-Spline sehinggadiperoleh suatu persamaan regresi efek campuran sebagai model SAE. Selanjutnya model tersebutdigunakan untuk menduga tingkat kemiskinan pada area yang tersampling., sehingga diperoleh pendugatingkat kemiskinan pada level desa di Kabupaten Mukomuko yang disajikan dalam bentuk petakemiskinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendugaan menggunakan model SAE dengan P-Splinememiliki trend (kecenderungan) yang sama dengan penduga langsung. Kecamatan yang memiliki tingkatkemiskinan tinggi menyebar di bagian Timur Laut dan Tenggara dari Kabupaten Mukomuko, yaituKecamatan Selagan Raya, Teramang Jaya, Pondok Suguh, dan Air Rami masing-masing memiliki rata-rata kemiskinan yang tinggi. Sedangkan kecamatan dengan tingkat kemiskinan rendah adalahKecamatan Lubuk Pinang.

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Sriliana, Idhia, Dian Agustina, and Etis Sunandi. "Pemetaan Kemiskinan di Kabupaten Mukomuko Menggunakan Small Area Estimation Dengan Pendekatan Regresi Penalized Spline." Jurnal Matematika Integratif 12, no. 2 (July 13, 2017): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jmi.v12i2.11929.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemetaan kemiskinan di Kabupaten Mukomuko ProvinsiBengkulu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Small Area Estimation (SAE) denganpendekatan regresi Penalized Spline (P-Spline). Pendugaan parametr model dasar SAE umumnyamembangun suatu model linier campuran yang mengasumsikan bahwa variabel respon dan variabelprediktor mempunyai hubungan linear. Ketika asumsi tersebut tidak terpenuhi, maka dilakukanpendekatan nonparametrik sebagai alternatif pilihan. Salah satunya adalah pendekatan nonparametrikP-Spline. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pendugaan parameter model menggunakan P-Spline sehinggadiperoleh suatu persamaan regresi efek campuran sebagai model SAE. Selanjutnya model tersebutdigunakan untuk menduga tingkat kemiskinan pada area yang tersampling., sehingga diperoleh pendugatingkat kemiskinan pada level desa di Kabupaten Mukomuko yang disajikan dalam bentuk petakemiskinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendugaan menggunakan model SAE dengan P-Splinememiliki trend (kecenderungan) yang sama dengan penduga langsung. Kecamatan yang memiliki tingkatkemiskinan tinggi menyebar di bagian Timur Laut dan Tenggara dari Kabupaten Mukomuko, yaituKecamatan Selagan Raya, Teramang Jaya, Pondok Suguh, dan Air Rami masing-masing memiliki rata-rata kemiskinan yang tinggi. Sedangkan kecamatan dengan tingkat kemiskinan rendah adalahKecamatan Lubuk Pinang.

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Imai, Norio, Yoichiro Dohmae, Ken Suda, Dai Miyasaka, Tomoyuki Ito, and Naoto Endo. "Effects of Curved Periacetabular Osteotomy on the Stress Fields of the Pubic Rami and Ischium: A Finite Element Model Analysis." Open Journal of Orthopedics 03, no. 04 (2013): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojo.2013.34036.

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Pisek, Jan, Mait Lang, Tiit Nilson, Lauri Korhonen, and Helen Karu. "Comparison of methods for measuring gap size distribution and canopy nonrandomness at Järvselja RAMI (RAdiation transfer Model Intercomparison) test sites." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 151, no. 3 (March 2011): 365–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2010.11.009.

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Marcon, Petr, Jakub Arm, Tomas Benesl, Frantisek Zezulka, Christian Diedrich, Tizian Schröder, Alexander Belyaev, Premysl Dohnal, Tomas Kriz, and Zdenek Bradac. "New Approaches to Implementing the SmartJacket into Industry 4.0 ‡." Sensors 19, no. 7 (April 2, 2019): 1592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071592.

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The paper discusses the possibilities of incorporating sensors and indicators into the environment of an Industry 4.0 digital factory. The concept of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is characterized via a brief description of the RAMI 4.0 and I4.0 component model. In this context, the article outlines the structure of an I4.0 production component, interpreting such an item as a body integrating the asset and its electronic form, namely, the Asset Administration Shell (AAS). The formation of the AAS sub-models from the perspectives of identification, communication, configuration, safety, and condition monitoring is also described to complete the main analysis. Importantly, the authors utilize concrete use cases to demonstrate the roles of the given I4.0 component model and relevant SW technologies in creating the AAS. In this context, the use cases embody applications where an operator wearing a SmartJacket equipped with sensors and indicators ensures systematic data collection by passing through the manufacturing process. The set of collected information then enables the operator and the system server to monitor and intervene in the production cycle. The advantages and disadvantages of the individual scenarios are summarized to support relevant analysis of the entire problem.

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Subadra, I. Nengah, I. Nyoman Pasek Nugraha, and Kadek Rihendra Dantes. "Analisis Kekuatan Impact Komposit Matrix Polyester Berpenguat Serat Rami Dengan Perlakuan Alkali 0%, 5%, 10%, Dan 15% NaOH Untuk Bodi Kendaraan Ganesha Sakti." Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Undiksha 6, no. 2 (August 31, 2018): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jjtm.v6i2.14723.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan alkali terhadap kekuatan impak dan model patahan komposit polyester berpenguat serat rami. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian metode eksperimen dengan variable terikat kekuatan impak, dan varibel bebas yaitu perlakuan alkali dengan konsentrasi larutan NaOH 0%,5%, 10%, dan 15%. Berdasarkan perhitungan yang telah dilakukan, didapat Fhitung sebesar 3.131,2 dimana taraf pada Ftabel signifikansi 5% sebesar 2,57. Berdasarkan uji signifikansi di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa H0 ditolak, dan H1 yang menyatakan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifiksn dari variasi perlakuan alkali 0%, 5%, 10%, dan 15% NaOH pada serat terhadap sifat mekanik komposit berpenguat serat rami terhadap uji impak, dimana terdapat perbedaan kekuatan impak antara perlakuan alkali|t1-2| ∶t=19,38, |t1-3| ∶t=23,2, |t1-4| ∶t=28,8, |t2-3| ∶t=3,84, |t2-4| ∶t=9,43 ,|t3-4| ∶t=5,59. Secara mikroskopik pada perlakuan alkali 0%, 5%, 10%, dan 15% NaOH rata-rata mengalami patahan getas (briettle) dan mekanisme fibre pull out. Pada perlakuan alkali 0% NaOH pada serat ada bagian yang tidak terkena matrik dengan sempurna (delaminasi).Kata Kunci : kekuatan impak, model patahan, NaOH, perlakuan alkali. This research aims to determine the effect of alkali toward the impact strength and friction model of polyester fiber-reinforced fabric. This research uses experimental method with the existing variables, and the free variables are alkali treatment with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% NaOH concentration. Based on calculations that have been done, the result found that Fcount of 3.131.2 where the level on Ftable 5% significance of 2.57. Based on significance test above, it can be concluded that H0 is rejected, and H1 states that there is a significant difference of each alkali load of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% NaOH on optical fiber to optical fiber. , where there are various impact strengths between alkali treatments |t1-2| ∶t=19,38, |t1-3| ∶t=23,2, |t1-4| ∶t=28,8, |t2-3| ∶t=3,84, |t2-4| ∶t=9,43 ,|t3-4| ∶t=5,59. Microscopically, on the alkaline treatment of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% NaOH mean averages of stain loss (briettle) and fiber pull out mechanism. In the alkaline treatment of 0% NaOH in the fiber, there is a part that is not exposed to the matrix perfectly (delamination)keyword : impact strength, fracture model, NaOH, alkali treatment.

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Yahya, Muhammad, John G. Breslin, and Muhammad Intizar Ali. "Semantic Web and Knowledge Graphs for Industry 4.0." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (May 31, 2021): 5110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115110.

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In recent years, due to technological advancements, the concept of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is gaining popularity, while presenting several technical challenges being tackled by both the industrial and academic research communities. Semantic Web including Knowledge Graphs is a promising technology that can play a significant role in realizing I4.0 implementations. This paper surveys the use of the Semantic Web and Knowledge Graphs for I4.0 from different perspectives such as managing information related to equipment maintenance, resource optimization, and the provision of on-time and on-demand production and services. Moreover, to solve the challenges of limited depth and expressiveness in the current ontologies, we have proposed an enhanced reference generalized ontological model (RGOM) based on Reference Architecture Model for I4.0 (RAMI 4.0). RGOM can facilitate a range of I4.0 concepts including improved asset monitoring, production enhancement, reconfiguration of resources, process optimizations, product orders and deliveries, and the life cycle of products. Our proposed RGOM can be used to generate a knowledge graph capable of providing answers in response to any real-time query.

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Nagorny, Kevin, Sebastian Scholze, Armando Walter Colombo, and Jose Barata Oliveira. "A DIN Spec 91345 RAMI 4.0 Compliant Data Pipelining Model: An Approach to Support Data Understanding and Data Acquisition in Smart Manufacturing Environments." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 223114–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3045111.

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McClelland, Sarah, Samantha Polege, David Li, Maha Ead, Lindsey Westover, and Kansas Duke. "Regional Symmetry of the Pelvis." Alberta Academic Review 2, no. 2 (September 17, 2019): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/aar62.

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Understanding the left-right symmetry of the pelvis can assist with the virtual reconstruction of fractured pelvises in the future. Further specifying the different regions can give more information regarding the anatomy of the bone. CT scans of intact pelvises are turned into 3D models using a computer program called Mimics. The femurs and spine are removed manually to isolate the bone. The model can then be analyzed and the regions defined. The pelvis is split into three pieces using the program Geomagic, the iliac, acetabular, and pubic rami regions. The two cuts are made based around the highest and lowest points of the acetabular cup. From here each cut piece can be mirrored and aligned with the opposing side of the pelvis. Colour deviation maps can then be generated to visualize the asymmetry, as well as the RMS value and the percentage of points within a 2 mm deviation threshold. The average RMS values are below 2 mm and the percentage of points within 2 mm is high. My research reflects that the pelvis is symmetrical and may be used to assist in the surgical planning process of pelvic fractures.

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Binder, Christoph, Christian Neureiter, and Arndt Lüder. "Towards a Domain-Specific Approach Enabling Tool-Supported Model-Based Systems Engineering of Complex Industrial Internet-of-Things Applications." Systems 9, no. 2 (March 24, 2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems9020021.

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Contemporary manufacturing systems are undergoing a major change promoted by emerging technologies such as Cyber-physical Systems (CPS) or the Internet of Things (IoT). This trend, nowadays widely known by the term “Industry 4.0”, leads to a new kind of automated production. However, the rising number of dynamically interconnected elements in industrial production lines results in such a system being transformed into a complex System of Systems (SoS). Due to the increasing complexity and the challenges accompanied by this change, conventional engineering methods using generic principles reach their limits when developing this type of systems. With varying approaches only trying to find a solution for small-scaled areas of this problem statement, the need for a holistic methodology becomes more and more obvious. Having recognized this issue, one of the most promising approaches has been introduced with the Reference Architecture Model Industry 4.0 (RAMI 4.0). However, in the current point of view, this domain-specific architecture framework is missing specifications to address all aspects of such a critical infrastructure. Thus, this paper introduces a comprehensive modeling approach utilizing methods applied in Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) and including domain-specific particularities as well as architectural concepts with the goal to enable mutual engineering of current and future industrial systems. The resulting artifacts, a domain-specific language (DSL), an architecture definition and a development process, are thereby consolidated in a ready to use software framework, whose applicability was evaluated by a real-world case study.

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MA, ZHENGWEI, JIQING CHEN, and FENGCHONG LAN. "BIOMECHANICAL RESPONSE AND INJURY OF OCCUPANT'S PELVIS IN SIDE IMPACTS: EFFECTS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD AND LOADING CONDITIONS." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 14, no. 06 (December 2014): 1440001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519414400016.

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The occupant's pelvis is most susceptible to injuries in side collision accidents. To further investigate the pelvis biomechanical responses and injury mechanisms in side impacts, a biofidelic pelvis finite element (FE) model was created. In contrast to previous studies, the model was based directly on the CT data of a volunteer representing the 50th percentile Chinese male. Both cortical and cancellous bone were modeled with hexahedral elements. Through model validations against Post Mortem Human Subjects (PMHS) tests, the pelvis responses and injuries under side impacts were analyzed. Meanwhile, additional simulations were carried out utilizing the validated model to study the effects of the femoral head, impactor pad and impactor velocity on pelvic injuries. The results indicated that the most frequent injury type of the pelvis is pubic rami fracture, followed by fractures of the femoral head, greater trochanter and acetabulum. In validation against the test of Guillemot et al., the critical load of pelvic fracture was 3.8 kN. In validation against the tests of Beason et al., the peak impact force under unpadded load and padded load was 4.3 kN and 3.1 kN, respectively, while the (VC)max was 0.25 m/s and 0.16 m/s, respectively. Peak impact force appears to be a reasonable criterion to assess pelvic injury. Moreover, the femoral head and impactor pad play an important role in absorbing impact energy, distributing impact load, and alleviating pelvic injury.

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Chen, Yu-Wen, Jann-Inn Tzeng, Min-Fei Lin, Ching-Hsia Hung, and Jhi-Joung Wang. "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Attenuates Postsurgical Allodynia and Suppresses Spinal Substance P and Proinflammatory Cytokine Release in Rats." Physical Therapy 95, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20130306.

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BackgroundTranscutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is often used for management of chronic pain.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether TENS altered postincisional allodynia, substance P, and proinflammatory cytokines in a rat model of skin-muscle incision and retraction (SMIR).DesignThis was an experimental study.MethodsHigh-frequency (100-Hz) TENS therapy began on postoperative day 3 and was administered for 20 minutes daily to SMIR-operated rats by self-adhesive electrodes delivered to skin innervated via the ipsilateral dorsal rami of lumbar spinal nerves L1–L6 for the next 27 days. The expressions of substance P, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) in the spinal cord and mechanical sensitivity to von Frey stimuli (4g and 10g) were evaluated.ResultsThe SMIR-operated rats displayed a marked hypersensitivity to von Frey stimuli on postoperative day 3. In contrast to the SMIR-operated rats, SMIR-operated rats after TENS administration showed a quick recovery of mechanical hypersensitivity. On postoperative days 3, 16, and 30, SMIR-operated rats exhibited an upregulation of substance P and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) in the spinal cord, whereas SMIR-operated rats after TENS therapy inhibited that upregulation. By contrast, the placebo TENS following SMIR surgery did not alter mechanical hypersensitivity and the levels of spinal substance P, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β.LimitationsThe experimental data are limited to animal models and cannot be generalized to postoperative pain in humans.ConclusionsThe results revealed that TENS attenuates prolonged postoperative allodynia following SMIR surgery. Increased levels of spinal substance P and proinflammatory cytokines, activated after SMIR surgery, are important in the processing of persistent postsurgical allodynia. The protective effect of TENS may be related to the suppression of spinal substance P and proinflammatory cytokines in SMIR-operated rats.

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CONRADI, MERCEDES, and Mª EUGENIA BANDERA. "Asterocherids (Copepoda: Siphonostomatoida) associated with marine invertebrates in the Strait of Gibraltar." Zootaxa 2925, no. 1 (June 21, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2925.1.1.

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Six years ago, an ongoing sampling programme to seek symbiont copepods was initiated in the Strait of Gibraltar. Most of the copepod species reported in this area (48%) belonged to the families Notodelphyidae and Botryllophilidae and nearly 30% of them were new to science. This paper describes a new species of Asterocheres (Asterocheridae, Siphonostomatoida) and redescribes two poorly known species of this genus. Asterocheres tarifensis n. sp. was found living in association with Astroides calycularis, a coral that hosts a variety of symbiotic copepods. This new species differs from its congeners by the possession of the following combined characters: body cyclopiform, 21-segmented antennule in female, 2-segmented mandibular palp, siphon reaching the insertion of maxilliped, maxilla without aesthetasc, maxilliped 5-segmented, armature of the antennary exopod consisting of two setae, inner lobe and outer lobe of maxillule each armed with four setae, genital area armed with two setae, fifth leg exopod with three setae, and caudal rami about as long as wide. Furthermore, two poorly known Asterocheres species are redescribed revealing some discrepancies with their previous descriptions. Asterocheres minutus is characterized by having a 21-segmented antennule, a very short oral siphon, a 1-segmented mandibular palp, and the two lobes of the maxillule with a similar length. The cladistic model of budding hypothesis is proposed for the origin of the two sibling Asterocheres species: A. minutus and A. echinicola. Asterocheres siphonatus is distinguished by a combination of characters that include a 21-segmented antennule, an oral siphon extending to the intercoxal plate of leg 4 and the 1-segmented mandibular palp. The controversy concerning the name of this species is also studied.

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Junge, Anna Lisa. "Digital transformation technologies as an enabler for sustainable logistics and supply chain processes – an exploratory framework." Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management 16, no. 3 (August 29, 2019): 462–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14488/bjopm.2019.v16.n3.a9.

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Goal: The aim is to present a literature review for identifying digital transformation technologies (DTT) for manufacturing and pointing out their capabilities and applications. Furthermore, the paper lays out an exploratory framework to depict the impact scope of the cases on logistics and supply chain management (L&SCM) processes. Design / Methodology / Approach: The identification of relevant DTTs and their capabilities is based on a systematic literature review. The exploratory framework builds upon Industry 4.0 concepts and frameworks as well as the conditions for sustainable digital artefacts. It is then related to cases found in the systematic literature review. Results: The results indicate that the DTT auto identification, additive manufacturing, and cloud technology lead to improvements concerning transparency efficiency, optimizing distribution distances and logistics resources in networks. The framework presents an avenue for assessing the impact scope and potentials of implementing DTT. Limitations of the investigation: The literature base limits the findings since it is built upon two databases and is restricted to articles published in English. The theoretically deduced framework accounts for the dimensions technologies, the SCOR model and RAMI architecture. The illustration is simplified but can be detailed according to the needs. It is not tested based on case studies and should therefore be applied in practice to further develop it. Practical implications: Practitioners gain insight into how to anchor potential use cases for more sustainable L&SCM processes in the framework. Originality / Value: This paper is the first to relate the capabilities of DTT to more sustainable L&SCM processes in manufacturing by means of a systematic literature review and link the findings to an exploratory framework.

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Lin, H. Q., M. X. Liu, Stefano Chesi, and H. G. Luo. "Studies on the Rabi Model." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1163 (February 2019): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1163/1/012003.

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Li, Jiong, and Qing-Hu Chen. "Two-photon Rabi–Stark model." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 53, no. 31 (July 27, 2020): 315301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ab8ef1.

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Alderete, C. Huerta, and B. M. Rodríguez-Lara. "Cross-cavity quantum Rabi model." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 49, no. 41 (September 19, 2016): 414001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/49/41/414001.

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Zhang, Yao-Zhong. "On the 2-mode and k-photon quantum Rabi models." Reviews in Mathematical Physics 29, no. 04 (May 2017): 1750013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129055x17500131.

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By mapping the Hamiltonians of the 2-mode and 2-photon Rabi models to differential operators in suitable Hilbert spaces of entire functions, we prove that the two models possess entire and normalizable wave functions in the Bargmann–Hilbert spaces only if the frequency [Formula: see text] and coupling strength [Formula: see text] satisfy certain constraints. This is in sharp contrast to the quantum Rabi model for which entire wave functions always exist. For model parameters fulfilling the aforesaid constraints, we determine transcendental equations whose roots give the regular energy eigenvalues of the models. Furthermore, we show that for [Formula: see text], the [Formula: see text]-photon Rabi model does not possess wave functions which are elements of the Bargmann–Hilbert space for all non-trivial model parameters. This implies that the [Formula: see text] case is not diagonalizable, unlike its RWA cousin, the [Formula: see text]-photon Jaynes–Cummings model which can be completely diagonalized for all [Formula: see text].

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Telnov, Yu F., V. M. Trembach, A. V. Danilov, E. V. Yaroshenko, V. A. Kazakov, and O. A. Kozlova. "Constructing network enterprise structure to create innovative products." Open Education 23, no. 6 (December 26, 2019): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/1818-4243-2019-6-59-73.

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The subject of the study is the formation of the structure of a network enterprise, considered as a set of interacting enterprises in a networked Internet environment that implements a value chain. To build the structure of the network enterprise, it is proposed to use and support the ontology of the network enterprise, which conceptually reflects the models of products and related production and business processes throughout the life cycle. At the same time, the focus is on the implementation of flexible processes for creating innovative products using intelligent model-oriented technologies.The purpose of the study is to build an algorithm for forming the structure of a network enterprise that would ensure the best implementation of the value chain with minimal risks of mismatch of designs and production processes with qualitative value characteristics and requirements for an innovative product. The construction of an algorithm for forming the structure of a network enterprise involves solving the problems of modeling the structure of an innovative product based on an analysis of qualitative value characteristics and requirements for product components, its creation processes, distribution of roles of enterprise participants and analysis of their capabilities.Methods. As the main research method is the method of constructing a model of “digital thread” of creating an innovative product. The most complete application of this method is carried out as part of the reference model of enterprise architecture for Industrie 4.0 (RAMI). The resulting conceptual model of an innovative product and related production and business processes is implemented using an ontological approach. It is proposed to use a combination of QFD (Quality Function Deployment) methods for deploying the structure of a network enterprise and analyzing the types and consequences of potential FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) inconsistencies.The main results of the study are ontology and the algorithm for forming the structure of the network enterprise. A distinctive feature of the proposed ontology of the network enterprise is a clear separation of the valuable qualitative characteristics of the product and the requirements for its creation, as well as the allocation of the abilities of participants in enterprises to implement the necessary processes. The novelty of the presented algorithm for the formation of the structure of a network enterprise lies in the combined application of the QFD and FMEA methods, as well as in the iteration of modeling the structure of an innovative product from the position of the best implementation of quality value characteristics and functional requirements.Conclusions, prospects. The proposed algorithm for creating the structure of a network enterprise allows you to get the best decisions on the criterion for assessing the highest rating for the implementation of quality characteristics and requirements for the components of the value chain and its participants, provided that minimal risk assessments of the mismatch between the designs and processes of creating innovative products are obtained. The developed ontology and the algorithm for forming the structure of the network enterprise is of practical importance for creating an intelligent system for supporting the adoption of innovative decisions for the dynamic construction of network enterprises in the Internet environment.

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Braak, Daniel. "Symmetries in the Quantum Rabi Model." Symmetry 11, no. 10 (October 9, 2019): 1259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11101259.

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The quantum Rabi model is the simplest and most important theoretical description of light–matter interaction for all experimentally accessible coupling regimes. It can be solved exactly and is even integrable due to a discrete symmetry, the Z 2 or parity symmetry. All qualitative properties of its spectrum, especially the differences to the Jaynes–Cummings model, which possesses a larger, continuous symmetry, can be understood in terms of the so-called “G-functions” whose zeroes yield the exact eigenvalues of the Rabi Hamiltonian. The special type of integrability appearing in systems with discrete degrees of freedom is responsible for the absence of Poissonian level statistics in the spectrum while its well-known “Juddian” solutions are a natural consequence of the structure of the G-functions. The poles of these functions are known in closed form, which allows drawing conclusions about the global spectrum.

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Yu Li-Xian, Liang Qi-Feng, Wang Li-Rong, and Zhu Shi-Qun. "Photon squeezing of the Rabi model." Acta Physica Sinica 62, no. 16 (2013): 160301. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.62.160301.

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Maciejewski, Andrzej J., Maria Przybylska, and Tomasz Stachowiak. "Full spectrum of the Rabi model." Physics Letters A 378, no. 1-2 (January 2014): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2013.10.032.

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Ziegler, K. "Short note on the Rabi model." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 45, no. 45 (October 18, 2012): 452001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/45/45/452001.

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Braak, Daniel. "Continued fractions and the Rabi model." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 46, no. 17 (April 9, 2013): 175301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/46/17/175301.

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Gardas, Bartłomiej, and Jerzy Dajka. "New symmetry in the Rabi model." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 46, no. 26 (June 6, 2013): 265302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/46/26/265302.

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Hu, Binglu, Huili Zhou, Shujie Chen, Gao Xianlong, and Kelin Wang. "Dynamical properties of the Rabi model." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 50, no. 7 (January 13, 2017): 074004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aa5450.

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Sun, Yuan. "RAIM-NET: A Deep Neural Network for Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring." Remote Sensing 12, no. 9 (May 8, 2020): 1503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12091503.

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With the continuous popularization of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in various applications, the performance requirement for integrity is also increasing, especially in the field of safety-of-life. Although the existing Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) algorithm has been embedded in the GNSS receiver as a standard method, it might still suffer from small fault detection and delay alarm problem for time series fault models. In an effort to solve this problem, a Deep Neural Network (DNN) for RAIM, named RAIM-NET, is investigated in this paper. The main idea of RAIM-NET is to propose a combination of feature vector extraction and DNN model to improve the performance of integrity monitoring, with a problem specifically designed for loss function, obtaining the model parameters. Inspired by the powerful advantages of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) in time series data processing, a multilayer RNN is applied to build the DNN model structure and improve the detection rate for small faults and reduce the alarm delay for the time series fault event. Finally, real GNSS data experiments are designed to verify the performance of RAIM-NET in fault detection and time delay for integrity monitoring.

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Jiang, Wei, Guang Ting Han, Yuan Ming Zhang, and Jian Hua Chen. "Fast Evaluation of Pectin Content in Ramie Using NIR Techniques." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 2689–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.2689.

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Near-infrared (NIR) prediction model of ramie pectin content was established in this research. Wet chemical analysis method which was based on Chinese national standard was conducted for getting calibration data, and NIR data of 60 ramie samples were collected using acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) near-infrared spectrometer. The NIR model of pectin of ramie were derived by partial least square (PLS) regression. Prediction of chemical composition of independent ramie samples showed that R/SEP values of pectin is 17.87. Such NIR calibration model can be utilized by ramie fiber manufacturers and breeding workers, in order to better manage the degumming process and evaluate the quality of ramie varieties.

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Vashisth, A., P. Krishanan, and D. K. Joshi. "MULTI STAGE WHEAT YIELD ESTIMATION USING DIFFERENT MODEL UNDER SEMI ARID REGION OF INDIA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W6 (July 26, 2019): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w6-263-2019.

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Abstract. Crop yield estimation before harvest is required for marketing, pricing, storage, import, export etc. Productivity of cropping systems under various weather, management and policy scenarios can be predicted successfully by simulation models. Due to increase in input cost of agricultural operation, agriculture produces become costly. Therefore, crop yield estimation in the agriculture becomes essential. Weather variability causes the losses in the yield. Therefore, model based on weather parameters, soil parameter and crop parameters can provide reliable crop yield estimation in advance. For estimating the multi stage wheat crop yield, experiments were conducted at research farm of IARI, New Delhi during Rabi 2016&ndash;17 and Rabi 2017&ndash;18. Crop yield were estimated by weather based and crop simulation model. Percentage deviation of estimated yield by observed yield at flowering and grain filling stage was &minus;5.1 and 2.0 by weather based model, 4.3 and 2.1 by InfoCrop model, 10.2 and 9.0 by DSSAT model during Rabi 2016&ndash;17 and 5.3 and 5.9 by weather based model, 2.3 and 2.2 by InfoCrop model, &minus;10.8 and &minus;9.6 by DSSAT model during Rabi 2017&ndash;18 respectively. Among the three models opted for estimating the yield at flowering and grain filling stage, InfoCrop model gave better results followed by weather based and DSSAT model. Therefore, this model can be used for multi stage wheat crop yield estimation at district as well as regional level.

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Balta, Igori, Ioan Pet, and Lavinia Stef. "NATURAL ANTIMICROBIALS - A REAL SOLUTION TO BACTERIAL AND VIRAL INFECTIONS IN VITRO AND IN VIVO MODELS." Romanian Archives of Microbiology and Immunology 80, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 90–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.54044/rami.2021.01.09.

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Verhelst, Pieter-Jan, Eman Shaheen, Karla de Faria Vasconcelos, Fréderic Van der Cruyssen, Sohaib Shujaat, Walter Coudyzer, Benjamin Salmon, Gwen Swennen, Constantinus Politis, and Reinhilde Jacobs. "Validation of a 3D CBCT-based protocol for the follow-up of mandibular condyle remodeling." Dentomaxillofacial Radiology 49, no. 3 (March 2020): 20190364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/dmfr.20190364.

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Objectives: Three-dimensional models of mandibular condyles provide a way for condylar remodeling follow-up. The overall aim was to develop and validate a user-friendly workflow for cone beam CT (CBCT)-based semi-automatic condylar registration and segmentation. Methods: A rigid voxel-based registration (VBR) technique for registration of two post-operative CBCT-scans was tested. Two modified mandibular rami, with or without gonial angle, were investigated as the volume of interest for registration. Inter- and intraoperator reproducibility of this technique was tested on 10 mandibular rami of orthognathic patients by means of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC’s) and descriptive statistics of the transformation values from the VBR. The difference in reproducibility between the two modified rami was evaluated using a paired t-test (p < 0.05). For the segmentation, eight fresh frozen cadaver heads were scanned with CBCT and micro-CT. These data were used to test the inter- and intraoperator reproducibility (ICC’s) and accuracy (Bland–Altman plot) of a newly designed workflow based on semi-automated contour enhancement. Results: Excellent ICC’s (0.94–0.99) were obtained for the voxel-based registration technique using both modified rami. If the gonial angle was not included in the volume of interest, there was a trend of increased operator error suggested by significant higher interoperator differences in translation values (p = 0,0036). The segmentation workflow proved to be highly reproducible with excellent ICC’s (0.99), low absolute mean volume differences between operators (23.19 mm3), within operators (28.93 mm3) and low surface distances between models of different operators (<0.20 mm). Regarding the accuracy, CBCT-models slightly overestimate the condylar volume compared to micro-CT. Conclusions: This study provides a validated user-friendly and reproducible method of creating three-dimensional-surface models of mandibular condyles out of longitudinal CBCT-scans.

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Subercaseaux, Diego, Ana I. Moreno-Calles, Marta Astier, and José de Jesús Hernández L. "Emerging Agro-Rural Complexities in Occident Mexico: Approach from Sustainability Science and Transdisciplinarity." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 16, 2021): 3257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063257.

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Rural and agricultural modernization and industrialization (RAMI) increased in recent decades in a multiscalar way. RAMI has implied the rural landscape transformation through the arrival of industrial models. These processes have not been linear or unidirectional; heterogeneities, opposites, mosaics, hybridizations, new interactions, problems, and tensions, between traditional and industrial agriculture and other agriculture types, have emerged. We tackle and problematized the RAMI processes, which is a complex and a real-world problem, from Sustainability Science (SS) and transdisciplinarity. Thus, considering studies and experiences in different rural areas in the world, an epistemological positioning is presented, which allows overcoming scientific frontiers and relating it to rural sustainability. We delve into the Lake Pátzcuaro Basin (LPB), Mexico, an area with a strong agricultural tradition (“milpa” systems). Recently, the presence of industrial agriculture (mainly avocado monoculture and berry greenhouses) has increased, occurring the coexistence between peasant-entrepreneurs, indigenous–non-indigenous, and new-rural. The article aims to understand comprehensively the emerging complexities from the RAMI, deepening LPB’s real case. The epistemological approach developed allow us to conceive the interaction and possible complementation between traditional agriculture, industrial agriculture and other agriculture types, and the emergence of an included middle that corresponds to an “emerging complexity”. Finally, relevant topics and questions are highlighted.

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SUGIYAMA, SHINGO. "SPECTRAL ZETA FUNCTIONS FOR THE QUANTUM RABI MODELS." Nagoya Mathematical Journal 229 (December 1, 2016): 52–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nmj.2016.62.

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We introduce the Hurwitz-type spectral zeta functions for the quantum Rabi models, and give their meromorphic continuation to the whole complex plane with only one simple pole at $s=1$. As an application, we give the Weyl law for the quantum Rabi models. As a byproduct, we also give a rationality of Rabi–Bernoulli polynomials introduced in this paper.

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Dong Kun, 董锟. "Dynamics of Inversion-Symmetry Breaking Rabi Model." Acta Optica Sinica 36, no. 5 (2016): 0527002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos201636.0527002.

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Journal articles on the topic 'RAMI model'

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