Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rainbow

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Rainbow'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Rainbow"

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Hayes, John W. "Competition for Spawning Space Between Brown (Salmo trutta) and Rainbow Trout (S. gairdneri) in a Lake Inlet Tributary, New Zealand." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f87-005.

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Effect of interference competition for spawning space on spawning success of brown (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (S. gairdneri) was studied in the main spawning tributary of Lake Alexandrina, New Zealand. Competition was mediated through redd superimposition and severely limited the spawning success of both species. Overall spawning success, from egg deposition to fry emergence, was 2.1% for rainbow trout and 0.2% for brown trout and was dependent on time of spawning. Brown trout spawned from April to June and rainbow trout spawned from April to October. Brown trout and early spawning rainbow trout experienced poor spawning success due to severe redd superimposition by later spawning rainbows. Late spawning rainbows experienced highest spawning success. Redd superimposition by rainbow trout caused a 94% reduction in spawning success of brown trout in an experimental section of stream. Severe intraspecific competition for spawning space, through redd super-imposition, determined pattern and timing of peak rainbow fry emergence.
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LIU, Hongjun. "Scholarly Study of Hong (Rainbow) in the Ming and Qing Dynasties." Cultura 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/cul012022.0007.

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Abstract: This paper focuses on how Chinese intellectuals discussed and researched rainbows in late Ming and early Qing Dynasty. Many of them considered the rainbow as a phenomenon that occurred under certain conditions of sunshine and raindrops, which could be described with terms related to qi () of yin/yang (/). Some of them had the knowledge of duplicating rainbows by “spraying water opposite to the sun”. There were also popular conceptions that rainbow was a sign of salaciousness and rainbow could siphon water, both of which had a long history in Chinese context. Scholars also discussed other phenomena similar to rainbow such as solar halo, lunar halo, parhelion and parselene. Those discussions were not held in wider society, yet they were the sign of how Chinese intellectuals rationalized their research into natural philosophy.
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LIU, Hongjun. "Scholarly Study of Hong (Rainbow) in the Ming and Qing Dynasties." Cultura 17, no. 2 (January 1, 2020): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/cul022020.0007.

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Abstract: This paper focuses on how Chinese intellectuals discussed and researched rainbows in late Ming and early Qing Dynasty. Many of them considered the rainbow as a phenomenon that occurred under certain conditions of sunshine and raindrops, which could be described with terms related to qi <graphic href="CUL2020k_87_fig0001.jpg"/> of yin/yang <graphic href="CUL2020k_87_fig0002.jpg"/>. Some of them had the knowledge of duplicating rainbows by “spraying water opposite to the sun”. There were also popular conceptions that rainbow was a sign of salaciousness and rainbow could siphon water, both of which had a long history in Chinese context. Scholars also discussed other phenomena similar to rainbow such as solar halo, lunar halo, parhelion and parselene. Those discussions were not held in wider society, yet they were the sign of how Chinese intellectuals rationalized their research into natural philosophy.
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Huntala, Melisa, Muhammad Rezky Friesta Payu, and Nisky Imansyah Yahya. "Total Rainbow Connection Number Of Shackle Product Of Antiprism Graph (〖AP〗_3)." Jurnal Matematika, Statistika dan Komputasi 20, no. 1 (September 6, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/j.v20i1.24833.

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Function if is said to be k total rainbows in , for each pair of vertex there is a path called with each edge and each vertex on the path will have a different color. The total connection number is denoted by trc defined as the minimum number of colors needed to make graph to be total rainbow connected. Total rainbow connection numbers can also be applied to graphs that are the result of operations. The denoted shackle graph is a graph resulting from the denoted graph where t is number of copies of G. This research discusses rainbow connection numbers rc and total rainbow connection trc(G) using the shackle operation, where is the antiprism graph . Based on this research, rainbow connection numbers rc shack , and total rainbow connection trc shack for .
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Cervantes-Ojeda, J., M. Gómez-Fuentes, D. González-Moreno, and M. Olsen. "Rainbow Connectivity Using a Rank Genetic Algorithm: Moore Cages with Girth Six." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2019 (March 3, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4073905.

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Arainbowt-coloringof at-connected graphGis an edge coloring such that for any two distinct verticesuandvofGthere are at leasttinternally vertex-disjoint rainbow(u,v)-paths. In this work, we apply a Rank Genetic Algorithm to search for rainbowt-colorings of the family of Moore cages with girth six(t;6)-cages. We found that an upper bound in the number of colors needed to produce a rainbow 4-coloring of a(4;6)-cage is 7, improving the one currently known, which is 13. The computation of the minimum number of colors of a rainbow coloring is known to be NP-Hard and the Rank Genetic Algorithm showed good behavior finding rainbowt-colorings with a small number of colors.
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Maleeva, G. A. "Analysis of partial key recovery attack on multivariate cryptographic transformations using rank systems." Radiotekhnika, no. 209 (June 24, 2022): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/rt.2022.2.209.06.

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The Rainbow signature scheme, proposed by Ding and Schmidt in 2005, is one of the oldest and most studied signature schemes in multidimensional cryptography. The Rainbow, based on the unbalanced Oil and Vinegar signature scheme, has the necessary cryptocurrency since 1999 with the right parameters. Interest in multivariate cryptography has increased in the last decade, as it is considered to be quantum-stable.
 Cryptanalysis of the Rainbow and its predecessors was actively developed in the early 2000s. Attacks from this era include the MinRank attack, the HighRank attack, the Bill-Gilbert attack, the UOV agreement attack, and the Rainbow bandwidth attack. After 2008, cryptanalysis seemed to have stopped, until the Rainbow's participation in the NIST PQC project, which motivated the continuation of cryptanalysis. During the second round of NIST, Bardett and others proposed a new algorithm for solving the MinRank problem. This dramatically increased the effectiveness of MinRank's attack, although not enough to threaten the parameters provided to NIST. A less memory-intensive version of this algorithm was suggested by Baena et al. Perlner and Smith-Tone analyzed the Rainbow bandwidth attack in depth, which showed that the attack was more effective than previously thought. This prompted the Rainbow team to increase slightly the parameters for the third round. During the third round, Bellens introduced a new attack that reduced the Rainbow's security by 220 times for SL 1. The Rainbow team claimed that despite the new attacks, the Rainbow's parameters still met NIST requirement.
 The purpose of this article is to present two new (partial) key recovery attacks on multivariate cryptographic transformations using rank systems.
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WERRETT, SIMON. "Wonders never cease: Descartes's Météores and the rainbow fountain." British Journal for the History of Science 34, no. 2 (June 2001): 129–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087401004319.

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This essay argues that the material culture of the Renaissance garden played an important role in the development of Cartesian mathematical and mechanical philosophy. Garden machinery such as Salomon and Isaac de Caus's automata and grottoes provided a model from which Descartes drew his clockwork conceptions of nature and the human body. This machinery was also crucial in the Cartesian explanation of the rainbow. Not simply an exercise in intellectual curiosity, Descartes's geometrical description of the rainbow in Discourse Eight of the Météores was a direct response to the engineers of artificial rainbow fountains which populated European princely gardens for much of the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. Rejecting distinctions between ‘natural’ and ‘artificial’ rainbows, Descartes used these fountains and his own constructions of artificial water drops to discern the causes of the rainbow by refraction and reflection and, by analogy, to suppose this the explanation of rainbows in the sky. This knowledge was then utilized to propose an alternative to the rainbow fountain, using refracting liquids to cast images in the sky. Descartes presented a ‘science of miracles’ destined not to eradicate wonder but to make transparent the wonders of traditional garden engineers and replace them with wonders derived from knowledge of mathematical and mechanical philosophy. As such, the ‘science of miracles’ gave a new emphasis to the mind of the natural philosopher as the essential component in the creation of wonders, rather than the traditional skills and experience of the artisan or engineer.
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Zheng, Yuan, Kexun Shen, Xianghe Wang, and Xing-Xing Yao. "Rainbows in Different Refractive Indices." Physics Teacher 61, no. 5 (May 1, 2023): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/5.0086915.

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The rainbow is a natural optical scattering and dispersion phenomenon that reveals the visible spectral composition of sunlight in the shape of an arc. People are instinctively attracted by its colorful appearance and curved shape. Hence, there are many serious studies about the rainbow with a long history. Recently, several simple experiments, adopting glass balls, acrylic spheres, spherical flasks, or sessile water drops, have been devised to demonstrate how the rainbow is formed. These works demonstrate the colors and shapes of the rainbow well and explain how the dispersive spectrum is produced by the refraction–reflection–refraction process. However, the influence of the refractive index is rarely illustrated. It is not difficult to see that the refractive index of raindrops and the atmosphere is closely related to the rainbow, especially the viewing angle of it. In this paper, we use spherical lenses with different materials and in different solutions to change the refractive index. Under a collimated light source, the evolution of the viewing angles of primary and secondary rainbows with respect to the refractive index is demonstrated. Experiments with refraction conditions similar to a natural rainbow are also conducted.
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Stefanini, L., D. Ramaccia, A. Toscano, and F. Bilotti. "Temporal rainbow scattering at boundary-induced time interfaces." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 5 (January 30, 2023): 051701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0132798.

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Since the dawn of modern optics and electromagnetics, the optical prism is one of the most fascinating optical elements for refracting light. Exploiting its frequency dispersive behavior, a prism is able to refract different frequencies in different directions, realizing polychromatic light rainbows. Recently, thanks to their engineerable electromagnetic response, metamaterials have been exploited for achieving novel refractive scattering processes, going beyond the classical prism effects. In this Letter, we report on a rainbow-like scattering process taking place at the interface of a boundary-induced temporal metamaterial realized by instantaneously opening the boundary conditions of a parallel plate waveguide. Changing abruptly the conductivity of one of the two metallic plates, we demonstrate that an equivalent temporal interface between two different media is realized, and the monochromatic wave propagating into the waveguide gets scattered into a polychromatic rainbow in free space. We derive the relationships between the waveguide mode and the raising rainbow in terms of scattered amplitude and frequencies as a function of the elevation angle with respect to the waveguide axis. We apply the underlying physics to control the temporal rainbow by imposing a principal direction of scattering by design. Full-wave numerical simulations are performed for computing the rainbow temporal scattering and verifying the design guidelines for achieving controlled temporal rainbow scattering.
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Telecki, Igor, Petar Belicev, Srdjan Petrovic, and Nebojsa Neskovic. "Focusing properties of a square electrostatic rainbow lens doublet." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 30, no. 4 (2015): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1504239t.

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This is a study on the properties of a square electrostatic rainbow lens doublet. The said optical element consists of two square electrostatic rainbow lenses with the second lens axially rotated for 45 degrees with respect to the first one. The propagation of a proton beam with a kinetic energy of 10 keV through the doublet is in the focus of our analysis. The potential of the electrodes of both lenses is 2 kV. The electrostatic potential and the electric field components of the lens doublet are calculated using a 3-D computer code based on the method of moments. Spatial and angular distributions of protons propagating through the lens doublet, as well as the parameters defining beam quality, are investigated. As in the case of the single square electrostatic rainbow lens, the evolution of these distributions is determined by the evolution of corresponding rainbow lines, generated by the use of the theory of crystal rainbows. Our study shows that a beam core in the shape of a cusped square is formed by the spatial rainbow line that appears first. This rainbow line occurs during proton propagation through the first lens. The beam core retains the cusped square shape during the propagation through the second lens. The electrostatic field of the second lens causes the appearance of an additional spatial rainbow line, which encompasses the beam core and defines the outer border of the beam. This rainbow line constitutes the main difference between the cases of the lens doublet and a single lens.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rainbow"

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Rush, Amy Art College of Fine Arts UNSW. "Rainbow holograms." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Art, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/35241.

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Rainbow holography is the medium I have chosen to specialize in. Holography itself uses light as a sculptural element. In regards to my work, rainbow holography stresses the field of experimentation with the light spectrum until a certain point that I define as travelling the superhighway from reality to virtual worlds. My work appears then as the documentation, in the form of rainbow holograms, of this travel. It depicts narrative imagery while capturing the moments I existed in this virtual world set behind the rainbow. This project aims to present through still, 3D and filmic imagery the co ??? existence of the physical body and its psychological realm. The psychological reality is articulated as a fictional landscape and the rainbow is used as a metaphor for travel between real and virtual worlds. More importantly, I see holography or rainbow holography as a means of crystallising the vision of the unreachable world behind the rainbow. I see my practice as a new way of using this medium by using this rainbow world as subject matter within the rainbow hologram. By experimenting with combined image processing techniques within rainbow holography, such as analogue white light transmission holograms, full colour digital stereograms, and dot matrix holograms, it becomes possible to generate a synthetic new world. Here each pixel can have the potential to be every color of the rainbow spectrum simultaneously, depending on the angle of the eye of the perceiver. It is here that my investigation through holographic representation has led me to explore and create other worldly landscapes and to extend reality. Our longing to travel over the rainbow into our imagination is with us from a very young age. For me this desire has lasted well into adulthood and has somehow found itself at the centre of my creations over the last few years. The childlike and na??ve appearance of my imagery has the ability to evoke the feeling in the viewers of the nostalgia they may have felt as a child, when confronted with the intense experience and wonder of the imaginings of the rainbow. My work trades on a misunderstanding that the medium of holography is taken as a direct representation of an existing reality. My first hologram I???m a rainbow depicts an alter-egotistical projection of myself as a rainbow princess living in a far away fairytale rainbow galaxy, and communicating with earth beings via the technology of the message contained within the hologram. The hologram has often been associated in science fiction with a message to save the planet. This body of work invites viewers to delve into the depths of their imagination, to save this place where I have travelled by believing in it. As in the story of peter pan where the children are asked to clap their hands if they believe in fairies, by others believing in my imagination they are able to save it. The world within the imagination holds no fixed place; it is a shifting and dynamic space. This quality is shared with the rainbow, which is similarly ephemeral, vanishing and appearing within the eye of the beholder according to weather patterns. The rainbow hologram is a fixed rainbow. When replayed through the eyes of the viewer, the interaction with the real rainbow is recalled, and the viewer enters into the imagination to perceive the work. Throughout this paper I have referred to concepts and techniques in other fields such as physics, anthropology, art history and theory. My research is by no means intended as primarily a technical examination of the medium of rainbow holography. The holographic environments I have made rearrange elements from the real world with fictitious realities. They make people feel as if they are viewing a world that is real, but which imitates unreal ideas. These holographic environments enable viewers to experience ideas as a real place. As Rainbow holography is a relatively new medium, and as my own work uses the rainbow as a multi-layered tool I feel it necessary to investigate the appearance of the rainbow in nature and the reaction of humans to the rainbow as a mythical component in ancient cultures. I am interested in investigating how the rainbow has been used a metaphor for travelling from a material world to ???other worlds??? through its presence in various imaging processes through specific art works. The different ways the rainbow has been used have enabled me to more accurately understand my own work as being a nexus between depicting and generating rainbows. Furthermore, in the discussion of the application of rainbow holography I can show that my own work is necessarily different because of the way I am depicting a rainbow to explore undiscovered territory in which I am the author. Finally I look at how holography is perceived by the public, which helps me to explain the way in which my own work is perceived. Deliberately using the idea of an image in its surrounding context has helped to achieve my desired outcome: to make people believe that the world behind the rainbow really does exist and that I have travelled there, and that they too can do so via viewing my work.
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Manning, Bella A. "Rainbow beach." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11600.

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Rainbow Beach is the story of a family that escapes to a faraway place to forget the past and the past that follows them there. It is the story of a landscape, at times serene, at times explosive, that mirrors them and that they come to adore and yet resist. And it is the story of a father struggling under the weight of his memories and the daughter who loves him fiercely and senses the coming collapse and whose own memories take root in a part of the soul too deep to be erased.
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McFarlane, Wendy J. "Factors governing prolonged swimming performance of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) /." *McMaster only, 2001.

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Myers, James Miles. "Triploid incubation and growth performance : comparison of meiotic and interploid triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) inter- and intrastrain crosses /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5387.

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Lloyd, Sonja Jane. "Strawberry disease in rainbow trout." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2009/s_lloyd_100609.pdf.

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Martinsson, Malin, and Linnéa Stenquist. "SOMEWHERE OVER THE RAINBOW... : En studie av Lisebergs krishantering och medierapporteringen vid Rainbow-olyckan 2008." Thesis, Jönköping University, Jönköping University, Jönköping University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-7686.

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<p>Sommaren 2008 inträffade en extraordinär händelse på nöjesparken Liseberg i Göteborg. Åkattraktionen Rainbow gick sönder och flera passagerare skadades och fick föras till sjukhus. Media har följt denna händelse och det har spekulerats kring Lisebergs agerande och säkerhet.</p><p>Ämnena krishantering och medierapportering är ständigt aktuella i dagens samhälle och är kopplade till varandra. Det är viktigt för ett företag att ha bra krisberedskap och en god kontakt med media. Media rapporterar krisen till omvärlden, men en medvetenhet bör finnas om att olika källor kan spegla en händelse på olika sätt.</p><p>Syftet med denna uppsats är att se hur Lisebergs krishantering såg ut vid tiden för den extraordinära händelsen sommaren 2008. Vidare avser vi att ta reda på om krishanteringen fungerade som den skulle vid händelsen. I vårt syfte ingår även att undersöka hur tre olika tidningar i Sverige; Aftonbladet, Göteborgs Posten (GP) och Dagens Nyheter (DN) lyfte fram Lisebergs agerande vid händelsen, se hur de lyfte fram händelsen i övrigt och se om det skiljde något mellan deras rapportering.</p><p>Vi har använt oss av en kvalitativ metod som har sin grund i hermeneutiken. Vi genomförde en intervju som sedan transkriberades och analyserades. Vidare samlades artiklar in från de olika tidningarna och analyserades med en systematisk textanalys och en iscensättningsmetod.</p><p>Vårt resultat som vi fick fram genom ovanstående metoder visade följande: Liseberg hade en väl genomarbetad krishantering vid tiden för olyckan. Denna krishantering ansåg de själva fungera bra och som de hade tänkt från början. Det skiljer sig i medierapporteringen mellan de olika tidningarna. De framställer händelsen på olika sätt, fokuserar på olika saker och framhåller Lisebergs agerande olika mycket.</p>
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Danley, Melody L. M. "Growth and physiological responses of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, to elevated carbon dioxide chronic and acute challenges /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2195.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 33 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 19-24).
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Foltz, John Richard. "Impacts of contaminated sediment remediation on early life stages of rainbow trout." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2009/J_Foltz_113009.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in engineering)--Washington State University, December 2009.<br>Title from PDF title page (viewed on Feb. 4, 2010). "College of Engineering and Architecture." Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-55).
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Karrow, Niel. "Chemical mixture immunotoxicity to rainbow trout." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0005/NQ44769.pdf.

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Linton, Tyler K. "Response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to simulated climate warming and sublethal ammonia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ30102.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Rainbow"

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Boyer, Carl B. The rainbow from myth to mathematics. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 1987.

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Boston, Gypsy Damaris. The rainbow fairies. Shreveport, La: G.D. Boston, 1991.

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Pinkney, Sandra L. A rainbow all around me. New York: Scholastic, 2002.

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Asch, Frank. Skyfire. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1985.

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Rau, Dana Meachen. Arcos iris. Nueva York: arshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2007.

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Rau, Dana Meachen. Rainbows. Tarrytown, NY: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2007.

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Asch, Frank. Skyfire. London: Corgi, 1988.

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Blay, Michel. Les figures de l'arc-en-ciel. Paris: Editions Carré, 1995.

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Ponte, T. G. The Rainbow Princess and the land of black and white. Nashville, TN: Scythe Publications, 1996.

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Cosgrove, Stephen. Rainbow. [S.l.]: American Value Tales, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rainbow"

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Soni, Deepraj, Kanad Basu, Mohammed Nabeel, Najwa Aaraj, Marcos Manzano, and Ramesh Karri. "Rainbow." In Hardware Architectures for Post-Quantum Digital Signature Schemes, 105–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57682-0_7.

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Grozin, Andrey. "Rainbow." In Introduction to Mathematica® for Physicists, 173–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00894-3_23.

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Kelsey, Nigel. "The Rainbow." In D. H. Lawrence: Sexual Crisis, 121–40. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21749-6_4.

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Seed, David. "Gravity’s Rainbow." In The Fictional Labyrinths of Thomas Pynchon, 157–219. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08747-1_5.

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Soiffer, Neil, and Jennifer L. Larson. "Rainbow Math." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 401–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58796-3_47.

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Boylan, Michael. "Rainbow Curve." In Teaching Ethics with Three Philosophical Novels, 77–315. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55711-3_5.

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Chen, Kuang Yu, Zhenhao Song, Yuan Liu, and Matthew Anderson. "Rainbow Appears." In Reading of Shāng Inscriptions, 45–48. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6214-3_11.

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Panigrahi, Pradipta Kumar, and Krishnamurthy Muralidhar. "Rainbow Schlieren." In Schlieren and Shadowgraph Methods in Heat and Mass Transfer, 47–61. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4535-7_3.

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Cronin, Richard. "Rainbow Flakes." In Colour and Experience in Nineteenth-Century Poetry, 96–103. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09556-8_9.

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Brose, Gerald. "Rainbow Tables." In Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security, 1021–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5906-5_219.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rainbow"

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Lee, Raymond L. "Rethinking the Rainbow’s Colors." In Light and Color in the Open Air. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/lcoa.1990.wb6.

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For most of us, the phrase "all the colors of the rainbow" conjures an image of the natural rainbow1 as a paragon of color variety and vividness. Indeed, both our language and art often invoke the rainbow as a color palette without peer.2 Yet as a color standard, the rainbow has an oddly contentious history. For example, arguments about the number of rainbow colors date to antiquity, with observers as keen as Aristotle3 (who favored three colors) and Seneca the Younger4 (who favored an indefinite number) among the disputants. That this disagreement still persisted in Georgian England2 (and indeed to the present) hints that the rainbow poses special perceptual problems.
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Simpson, Harry J., and Philip L. Marston. "Scattering of White Light from Oblate Water Drops Near Rainbows and Other Diffraction Catastrophes." In Light and Color in the Open Air. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/lcoa.1990.wb5.

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Zhang, Xin, Mukesh Mulchandani, Steffen Christ, Brian Murphy, and Elke A. Rundensteiner. "Rainbow." In the 2002 ACM SIGMOD international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/564691.564767.

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Zhang, Xin, Katica Dimitrova, Ling Wang, Maged El Sayed, Brian Murphy, Bradford Pielech, Mukesh Mulchandani, Luping Ding, and Elke A. Rundensteiner. "Rainbow." In the 2003 ACM SIGMOD international conference on. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/872757.872861.

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Langley, Dean S., and Michael J. Morrell. "Rainbow-Enhanced Forward and Backward Glory Scattering." In Light and Color in the Open Air. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/lcoa.1990.wb4.

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When the refractive index m of a sphere is such that rainbows occur in the forward or backward direction, the glory scattering becomes exceptionally strong. A number of these refractive index values have been determined from the geometry of ray paths. Diffraction theory applied to the scattered wavefront leads to an x4/3 dependence in the scattered irradiance, where x = (sphere circumference/incident wavelength) is the size parameter; normal glory-scattered irradiance increases proportional to x. Mie theory computations illustrate the presence of rainbow-glories at predicted m values, and the x4/3 irradiance factor. As in normal glory scattering, the rainbow-glory light contains a strong cross-polarized component. Experiments using single glass spheres immersed in liquids have shown cross-polarized scattering and a sensitive dependence on m in agreement with predictions.
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Brandt, R. K., and Robert Greenler. "Color Simulation of the Size-dependent Features of Rainbows." In Light and Color in the Open Air. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/lcoa.1997.lmb.2.

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We frequently see reports of rainbows that don't appear to display the "usual" sequence of colors. Bows are reported with some colors missing and others are described with certain colors enhanced in brightness. We understand some of these reports qualitatively. For example, the red rainbow results from atmospheric scattering that selectively removes the blue end of the spectrum from the sunlight incident on the raindrops. The usual explanation for other reported variations is that the appearance of the bow depends somehow on the droplet size. This is a kind of shoulder-shrugging explanation that requires no understanding from the explainer and gives no insight to the listener. We do understand something about the transition to the white rainbow as the droplet size becomes very small but have no intuitive understanding, for example, of a violet rainbow.
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Cutler, Lawrence D., Eric Darnell, Larry Cutler, Nathaniel Dirksen, Maureen Fan, Michael Hutchinson, and Scott Peterson. "Rainbow crow." In SIGGRAPH '17: Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3078280.3105237.

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Payling, Dave. "Rainbow tunnel." In SA '20: SIGGRAPH Asia 2020. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3414686.3427109.

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Hansen, Matthew E. "New rainbow holograms with extended viewing angles." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1987.wq1.

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Two new rainbow holograms avoid the viewing limitations of the slit-master rainbow hologram. These two holograms are the rainbow-master rainbow hologram and the ring-master rainbow hologram. Both holograms are displayed horizontally while white light is reilluminated from directly above or below. The rainbow viewing window of the ring-master rainbow hologram is a truncated cone shape which hovers above and around the horizontal holographic image. This allows for 360° viewing. The rainbow-master rainbow hologram exhibits the same properties with a 180° viewing window. As with the slit-master rainbow hologram, the ring and rainbow shaped H1 master holograms are simple laser transmission holograms. Holographic table geometries for two-step ring and rainbow-master rainbow holograms have been developed for translucent and opaque objects. Multiple-exposure pseudocolor encoding may be used to enhance display work or to color tag concentric zones of information in optical processing systems.
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Kuemmel, Joh. "Greenpeace "rainbow warrior"." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 computer animation festival. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1400468.1400504.

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Reports on the topic "Rainbow"

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Perry, Anna. Sunrise over Rainbow Patch. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1627.

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Jackson, L. E. Surficial Geology, Rainbow Creek, Yukon Territory. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/184163.

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Garlan, David, and Bradley Schmerl. RAINBOW: Architecture-Based Adaptation of Complex Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada433766.

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Ivanova, V. S., and T. V. Ilina. Interactive electronic educational and methodical manual «Rainbow». Ailamazyan Program Systems Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/ofernio.2023.25275.

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Newman, Peter A. Planting the rainbow flag firmly in Thailand. East Asia Forum, September 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59425/eabc.1726653600.

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Arabio, Alexandra C. Quantifying Writer Variance Through Rainbow Triangle Feature Extraction. Iowa--Ames: Iowa State University, August 2024. https://doi.org/10.31274/cc-20250502-124.

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Davis, Wade. The Light at the Edge of the World. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007944.

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Slater, Tig, Drew Simms, and Eleanor Formby. Whose Rainbow? Project Report. A research project looking at the use of rainbow symbolism and LGBT+ inclusion initiatives in higher education. Sheffield Hallam University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/whose_rainbow.

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Carrier, Roch. Bringing the Rainbow into the House: Multiculturalism in Canada. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007943.

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Downs, Chris. Kootenai River Fisheries Investigations : Rainbow Trout Recruitment : Period Covered: 1997. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/961864.

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