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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Railway traction'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Örnkloo, Matilda. "Compensating Unbalances in Synchronous Railway Traction Systems with Railway Power Conditioners." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-279838.

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The electrified railway presents significant challenges for the electrical grid. This is due to the characteristics of the constructed railway system. Trains are single-phase loads, fed by two adjacent phases from the grid. Feeding phases will change continuously at every substation. This load characteristic will lead to unbalances and poor power quality in the grid. The poor power quality is caused by the unbalance in currents, voltage drops along the line, and induced harmonics from power electronic devices used in traction.   To decrease the impact of the railway traction system in the public grid, Static Var Compensators (SVCs) and Static Synchronous Compensators (STATCOMs) have been implemented. These installations offer voltage control, maintain balance and mitigate harmonics. This thesis investigates other power electronic technologies to improve the power quality in the grid for the 50 Hz railway traction system.
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2

Yu, Jianhua. "Re-adhesion control for railway traction systems." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11278/.

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Slip is a harmful phenomenon in railway. It causes the wear of wheel rail contact surface and mechanical stress of the traction system. Moreover, it may affect the stability of the whole system. The study is concerned with the development of a novel slip detection and re-adhesion control using practical position encoder. In detail, this thesis presents a powered wheelset system driven by an induction motor associated with vector control unit The ~heelset models developed from the study include a comprehensive model which involves longitudinal, lateral and yaw dynamics, a distributed parameter model and a. lumped parameter model with simplified longitudinal dynamics. The dynamics of a wheelset is ~tudied and compared in normal conditions and slip conditions. Simulation results show typical torsional vibration occurs when slip happens. Two possible approaches of slip detection based on the vibration phenomenon are discussed. The first one monitors the torsional torque to detect the slip based on the direct torsional torque measurement In the second approach, a Kalman filter based slip detection method is-presented and evaluated in different operation conditions. Finally a re-adhesion control scheme is developed based on the Kalman filter. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated using comprehensive computer simulations.
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3

Digby, G. "Harmonic analysis of A.C. traction schemes." Thesis, Swansea University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233938.

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4

阮國豪 and Kwok-hoo Yuen. "Probabilistic analysis of harmonics in railway traction system." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31225561.

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5

Yuen, Kwok-hoo. "Probabilistic analysis of harmonics in railway traction system." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22143099.

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6

Hoffrichter, Andreas. "Hydrogen as an energy carrier for railway traction." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4345/.

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The technical suitability of hydrogen for railway traction is evaluated in the research. World-wide, diesel fuel is currently the main source of energy for railways but relies on petroleum and emits greenhouse gases. Hydrogen as a secondary energy can be produced from fossil fuels or renewables. Thus, a decrease or elimination of emissions is possible, and reliance on petroleum reduced. A well-to-wheel analysis for diesel, electricity, and hydrogen was conducted to establish overall efficiencies and emissions. The results show that hydrogen fuel cell traction has a similar efficiency to electric traction and reduces carbon emissions compared to diesel and in some case electric railways, if the hydrogen feedstock is natural gas. Renewable hydrogen would reduce emissions further. A prototype hydrogen-powered locomotive, the first in the UK, was constructed and employed for a performance evaluation; both demonstrated that hydrogen is suitable for railway traction. Computer modelling of a diesel-electric regional train, a hydrogen-powered vehicle, and a hydrogen-hybrid version was conducted. The journey time and the range of all three options was the same while energy reductions of 34 % for the hydrogen-only and 55 % for the hydrogen-hybrid, compared to the diesel were achieved.
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7

Lu, Shaofeng. "Optimising power management strategies for railway traction systems." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3091/.

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Railway transportation is facing increasing pressure to reduce the energy demand of its vehicles due to increasing concern for environmental issues. This thesis presents studies based on improved power management strategies for railway traction systems and demonstrates that there is potential for improvements in the total system energy efficiency if optimised high-level supervisory power management strategies are applied. Optimised power management strategies utilise existing power systems in a more cooperative and energy-efficient manner in order to reduce the total energy demand. In this thesis, three case studies in different research scenarios have been conducted. Under certain operational, geographic and physical constraints, the energy consumed by the train can be significantly reduced if improved control strategies are implemented. This thesis proposes a distance based model for train speed trajectory optimisation. Three optimisation algorithms, Ant Colony Optimisation (ACO), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Dynamic Programming (DP), are applied to search for the optimal train speed trajectory, given a journey time constraint. The speed at each preset position along the journey is determined and optimised using these searching algorithms. In a DC railway network, power peaks in a substation are not desirable as they could present safety risks and are not energy efficient. A power peak can be avoided if the control of multiple trains is coordinated. The allocation of inter-station journey time intrinsically affects both service quality and energy efficiency. By identifying an optimal journey time allocation, a multi-objective function targeting both energy efficiency and service quality can be used. In this study, a DC railway is modelled with two parallel railway tracks, five station stops and three DC electric substations. Regenerative braking is studied in this DC electric network using Nodal Analysis (NA) and the Load Flow (LF) method. This study demonstrates that within the neighbourhood of an electric railway network, the journey time allocation for inter-station journeys will affect the total service quality and the energy loss. A GA is applied to find the best inter-station journey time allocation. Finally, this thesis explores the potential of applying advanced power management strategies to a Diesel Multiple Unit (DMU) train. DMU trains have multiple diesel engines which are commonly operated in a homogenous manner. The work presented in this thesis analyses the potential energy savings that may be obtained through the independent operation of the engines. Two widely investigated power management strategies which have been applied to the control of Hybrid Electric Vehicles are studied for a typical DMU railway vehicle. DP is applied to identify the optimal instant power distribution between engines. Based on the optimised results from DP, an adaptive rule-based online strategy is proposed using a non-linear programming optimisation algorithm.
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8

Moloney, William J. "Applying simulation techniques to train railway traction drivers." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8370/.

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The writer analyses the introduction of a simulator enabled approach to railway traction driver training and assesses whether the transition from a conventional training delivery process has been effective. The evaluation of effectiveness is based on a study of Iarnród Éireann’s simulator system. Evidence is contained within four supporting strands, i.e., the change in relevant operational risk that has been calculated using ex ante and ex post runs of Iarnród Éireann’s risk model, the internal rate of return on the financial investment necessary to effect the change, the results of an operator attitudinal study and the findings of an independent expert audit. The study establishes that simulation is an effective training medium. The attributes of the system and the use cases that resulted in this finding are described. The writer also presents additional value-adding training objectives that could increase the project’s internal rate of return or IRR. The study affirms that the required verisimilitude of a simulator system is a function of the training goals and the nature of the skills under development. Design features and use strategies can mitigate for potential negative effects of simulator operation. The findings have industry-wide relevance for those tasked with providing effective training to the 133,000 train drivers within the European Union.
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9

Hoang, Trung-Kien. "Design optimization of double excitation synchronous machines in railway traction." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLN056/document.

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Les machines électriques classiques comme les machines asynchrones et les machines à aimant permanent sont largement utilisées dans ces applications de traction, et surtout en traction ferroviaire. Cette thèse évalue la contribution d'un autre type de machines, appelé machines synchrones à double excitation dans cette même application. Le terme double excitation signifie que le flux de la machine est créé par deux sources : le bobinage d'excitation et les aimants permanents. Le degré de liberté fourni par le bobinage d'excitation permet d’atteindre l’objectif d’amélioration de l’efficacité. Ce travail a pour but d’identifier les avantages des machines à double excitation sur un cycle de conduite spécifique. Il définira également les cas dans lesquels cette machine fournira de meilleures performances que celles des machines classiques.Les études récentes considèrent uniquement l’optimisation des systèmes en optimisant chaque composant du système séparément. Cependant, avoir les meilleurs performances dans chacun de ces composants ne signifie pas avoir un meilleur système. Afin d'atteindre des résultats plus réalistes, un modèle multi-physique prenant en compte la non linéarité des matériaux sera développé. Ce modèle intègre également les différents aspects comme l’électromagnétisme, la thermique, la mécanique et l’électronique de puissance
Classical electrical machines such as asynchronous and permanent magnet synchronous machines have been widely applied in traction applications and particularly in railway traction. This thesis, however, evaluate the contribution of a special class of synchronous machine called textbf{D}ouble textbf{E}xcitation textbf{S}ynchronous textbf{M}achine (DESM) for the railway traction. Double excitation term indicates that the field flux of the machine is created by two sources: excitation windings and permanent magnets. The degree of freedom provided by the excitation windings provides the opportunity to work on the energy efficiency improvement target. This thesis will try to answer the question whether DESM is more advantageous over classical machines in a specific driving cycle and in addition, in which cases a DESM performs better.Recent studies have merely optimized the individual components, the major drawback of this approach is that the combination of the best individuals does not necessarily form a best system. In order to achieve more realistic results, a multi-physic models taking into account nonlinear characteristic and various disciplines such as electromagnetic, thermal, mechanical and power electronics will be developed
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10

Shen, Jian. "GTO Pulsed Width Modulated (PWM) converter for railway traction applications." Thesis, University of Salford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308484.

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11

Tian, Zhongbei. "System energy optimisation strategies for DC railway traction power networks." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7779/.

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Energy and environmental sustainability in transportation are becoming ever more important. In Europe, the transportation sector is responsible for about 32% of the final energy consumption. Electrified railway systems play an important role in contributing to the reduction of energy usage and C0\(_2\) emissions compared with other transport modes. Previous studies have investigated train driving strategies for traction energy saving. However, few of them consider the overall system energy optimisation. This thesis analyses the energy consumption of urban systems with regenerating trains, including the energy supplied by substations, used in power transmission networks, consumed by monitoring trains, and regenerated by braking trains. This thesis proposes an approach to searching energy-efficient driving strategies with coasting controls. A Driver Advisory System is designed and implemented in a field test on Beijing Yizhuang Subway Line. The driver guided by the DAS achieves 16% of traction energy savings, compared with normal driving. This thesis also proposes an approach to global system energy consumption optimisation, based on a Monte Carlo Algorithm. The case study indicates that the substation energy is reduced by around 38.6% with the system optimised operations. The efficiency of using regenerative braking energy is improved to from 80.6 to 95.5%.
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12

Makazaga, Iban Vicente. "Sensorless control of induction motor drives for railway traction applications." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.712120.

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13

Lai, Tsz-ming Terence. "Harmonic simulation of traction system /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21929543.

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14

Handoko, Yunendar Aryo, and yunendar@inka web id. "INVESTIGATION OF THE DYNAMICS OF RAILWAY BOGIES SUBJECTED TO TRACTION / BRAKING TORQUE." Central Queensland University. Centre for Railway Engineering, 2006. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20070209.101959.

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The limitations of current simulation packages in addressing the true longitudinal behaviour of railway bogie dynamics during braking/traction has prompted the development of a Rail Bogie Dynamics (RBD) program in this thesis. The RBD program offers novel features for the calculation of the speed profile as a function of the brake torque as well as explicitly determining wheelset angular velocity. With such capability, the speed profile is no longer treated as an input calculated as a priori as required by most of the current simulation systems. The RBD program has been developed using a formulation that includes the wheelset pitch degree of freedom explicitly with a coordinate reference system that is fixed in space and time. The formulation has made the simulation of the bogie dynamics during braking/traction possible in a natural way using the brake/traction torque as the input and the resulting speed profile as the output without any need for working out the speed profile as a priori. Consequently, severe dynamics during braking such as the wheelset skid and the onset of wheel climb derailment can be modelled and critical parameters investigated using the RBD program. The RBD program has been validated, where possible, through a series of simulations using a commercial software package (VAMPIRE). For cases which cannot be simulated by VAMPIRE such as the wheelset skid, a novel experimental program has been designed and commissioned in the Heavy Testing Laboratory of the Central Queensland University as reported in this thesis. One of the possible applications of the RBD program in examining the effect of asymmetric brake shoe force in bogies equipped with one-side push brake shoe arrangement is illustrated in this thesis. It is believed that the model and RBD program will have significant benefit in understanding the true longitudinal behaviour of wagons in suburban passenger trains that operate under braking/ traction torques for most of their travel. Similar studies will also be useful to freight train wagon dynamics during entry and exit of speed restriction zones and tight curves.
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15

BAKTASH, IMAN. "Modeling of Electromagnetic Heating of Multi-coil Inductors in Railway Traction Systems." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-11026.

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Inductors are frequently used in railway electrical tractions systems in filtering and current limiting operations. Magnetic fields are generated due to the flow of large AC currents through the coils, which intend induce currents on the coils as well as the metallic components in the vicinity, causing electromagnetic heating. The heating may cause temperatures to exceed project temperature requirements and in the worst case distort the functionality of drive system. The purpose of this work is to simulate the Electromagnetic Heating effect of inductors in 3D using COMSOL Multiphysics. First a 3D CAD model of the inductor geometry is imported to COMSOL and the magnetic fields for a giving current excitation are estimated. Then the power losses are fed in to a heat flow simulation to predict the temperature distributions. Cooling is simulated by driving cool air through the heated coils and the surrounding metal objects. The temperature distributions for different current excitations and air flow velocities are estimated. Simulation is performed on conceptual project inductor model. The 3D inductor modeling approach established in this thesis work could be used to characterize the electromagnetic heating issues early in the project design phase.
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16

Pires, Cassiano Lobo. "Simulação do sistema de tração elétrica metro-ferroviária." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-22042007-212920/.

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A proposta do presente trabalho é a simulação do sistema de tração elétrica metroferroviária alimentada em corrente contínua. Para isto, o trabalho é iniciado com uma caracterização das instalações móveis e fixas do sistema de tração elétrica. Sobre as instalações móveis, o trabalho dedica um capítulo sobre a dinâmica do movimento e outro sobre os acionamento alimentados em corrente contínua. Sobre as instalações fixas, um capítulo trata dos elementos e configurações da rede de alimentação além de trazer cálculos simples da queda de tensão. Outro capítulo é dedicado exclusivamente ao circuito de retorno e aterramento. Após esta caracterização, o trabalho traz, baseado nos capítulos anteriores, um capítulo sobre a modelagem e a simulação das instalações fixas e móveis. Por fim, um estudo de caso é feito para ilustrar o que foi apresentado.
The proposition of this work is the simulation of DC-fed railway and subway systems. To achieve this proposition, this work starts with the characterization of rolling stock and fixed installations. For rolling stock characterization, this work presents one chapter about train dynamics and other chapter about DC-fed traction drives. For fixed installations characterization, this work presents one chapter about fixed installation components, its configuration and also shows some simple voltage drop calculations. The following chapter describes the traction ground system. After these characterizations, the next chapter deals with modeling and simulation of the entire system. To illustrate this work a case study is presented.
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17

Fleischer, Michael Verfasser], Doncker Rik W. [Akademischer Betreuer] [De, and Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] Abel. "Traction control for railway vehicles / Michael Fleischer ; Rik W. de Doncker, Dirk Abel." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/121367848X/34.

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18

Fleischer, Michael [Verfasser], Doncker Rik W. [Akademischer Betreuer] De, and Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] Abel. "Traction control for railway vehicles / Michael Fleischer ; Rik W. de Doncker, Dirk Abel." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/121367848X/34.

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19

Zhao, Yunshi. "Low adhesion detection and identification in a railway vehicle system using traction motor behaviour." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2013. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/23541/.

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It is important to monitor the wheel-rail friction coefficient in railway vehicles to improve their traction and braking performance as well as to reduce the number of incidents caused by low friction. Model based fault detection and identification (FDI) methods, especially state observers have been commonly used in previous research to monitor the wheel-rail friction. However, the previous methods cannot provide an accurate value of the friction coefficient and few of them have been validated using experiments. A Kalman filter based estimator is proposed in this research project. The developed estimator uses signals from the traction motor and provides a new and more efficient approach to monitoring the condition of the wheel-rail contact condition. A 1/5 scaled test rig has been built to evaluate the developed method. This rig comprises 2 axle-hung induction motors driving both the wheelsets of the bogie through 2 pairs of spur gears. 2 DC generators are used to provide traction load to the rollers through timing pulleys. The motors are independently controlled by 2 inverters. Motor parameters such as voltage, current and speed are measured by the inverters. The speed of the wheel and roller and the output of the DC generator are measured by incremental encoders and Hall-effect current clamps. A LabVIEW code has been designed to process all the collected data and send control commands to the inverters. The communication between the PC and the inverters are realized using the Profibus (Process Field Bus) and the OPC (Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) for Process Control) protocol. 3 different estimators were first developed using computer simulations. Kalman filter and its two nonlinear developments: extended Kalman filter (EKF) and unscented Kalman filter (UKF) have been used in these 3 methods. The results show that the UKF based estimator can provide the best performance in this case. The requirement for measuring the roller speed and the traction load are also studied using the UKF. The results show that it is essential to measure the roller speed but the absence of the traction load measurement does not have significant impact on the estimation accuracy. A re-adhesion control algorithm, which reduces excessive creepage between the wheel and rail, is developed based on the UKF estimator. Accurate monitoring of the friction coefficient helps the traction motor work at its optimum point. As the largest creep force is generated, the braking and accelerating time and distance can be reduced to their minimum values. This controller can also avoid excessive creepage and hence potentially reduce the wear of the wheel and rail. The UKF based estimator development has been evaluated by experiments conducted on the roller rig. Three different friction conditions were tested: base condition without contamination, water contamination and oil contamination. The traction load was varied to cover a large range of creepage. The importance of measuring the roller speed and the traction load was also studied. The UKF based estimator was shown to provide reliable estimation in most of the tested conditions. The experiments also confirm that it is not necessary to measure the traction load and give good agreement with the simulation results. With both the simulation and experiment work, the UKF based estimator has shown its capability of monitoring the wheel-rail friction coefficient.
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20

Ben, Ayed Ramzi. "Eco-conception d’une chaine de traction ferroviaire." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECLI0009/document.

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Avec l’apparition des différentes normes et règlementations telles que les normes ISO 14001, les préoccupations industrielles y compris ferroviaires sont de plus en plus orientés vers l’éco-conception. La problématique la plus importante dans l’éco-conception des produits ferroviaires est de réduire leurs impacts environnementaux tout en maintenant leurs performances fonctionnelles et en maitrisant le coût. La solution pour surmonter ce problème est de trouver un ensemble de compromis entre les deux objectifs (impacts et coût).L’éco-conception des produits ferroviaires présentent plusieurs difficultés parce que, d’une part, leur analyse de cycle de vie est très lourde. D’autre part, l’intégration de leurs impacts dans la phase de conception est délicate vu leur nombre. Enfin, ces composants ont parfois différents types de modèles à exploiter car ils présentent des compromis entre la précision et le temps de calcul. Pour surmonter ces problèmes nous avons présenté dans cette thèse une méthode qui consiste premièrement, à alléger l’ACV à l’aide d’un logiciel de gestion environnementale et d’en profiter pour construire un modèle malléable pour calculer les différents impacts. Deuxièmement, à agréger ces impacts pour obtenir un seul indice qui sera considéré comme notre critère environnemental. Pour exploiter les outils d’optimisation, le problème d’éco-conception est traduit par un problème d’optimisation. Les algorithmes d’optimisation sont capables de trouver l’ensemble de compromis optimaux entre le critère environnemental et la masse (coût) sous forme d’un graphe appelé front de Pareto. Certains algorithmes ont été adaptés pour mieux servir dans l’éco-conception
With the introduction of different environmental standards like ISO 14001, concerns of manufacturers in railway industry are more and more oriented to the design of green products. One important issue when designing such products is the control of the cost impact and the evaluation of the price which consumers agree to pay for a reduced environmental footprint.Eco-design of railway train presents several challenges for the designer. The first one is the complexity of the life cycle analysis of such components. The second challenge is the necessity of consideration of several environmental impacts in design stage given the number of impacts. Finally, railway components have different models with different granularity which can be used in the process of eco-design. To overcome these problems we propose in this work a method which involves two steps. The first one is to simplify the LCA of the railway train using environmental management software and take the opportunity to build a malleable model to calculate eleven impacts. The second step, is to aggregate these impacts for a single indicator which is considered later as environmental criterion in the eco-design process. In order to investigate optimization tools, the eco-design problem is expressed into an optimization problem. Optimization algorithms are able to solve this problem and to find the optimal set of compromises between environmental criterion and the cost of the railway product. The set of compromises is given as a graph called the Pareto front. In our work the cost is expressed by the mass of the component and some optimization algorithms have been adapted in this work to serve in the process of eco-design
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21

Chentouf, Sid-Hamed Benabdallah. "Simulation et essais dynamiques sur stators de moteurs de traction." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA2002/document.

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La maîtrise du calcul prévisionnel du comportement dynamique des stators de machines de traction est un enjeu majeur pour le constructeur tant sur le plan de la compréhension de certains phénomènes physiques, que sur le plan de l amélioration de la conception en présence de facteurs mal maîtrisés. La démarche proposée dans ce travail a d abord consisté à construire et valider le modèle d un stator type en effectuant des corrélations calculs-essais et un recalage de modèle. Ceci a permis de caractériser le comportement moyen de cet assemblage hétérogène et surtout d établir des règles de modélisation transposables à d autres types d architectures. L étude s est poursuivie ensuite avec l investigation des incertitudes affectant cette modélisation ainsi que leur propagation. Afin de prendre en compte tous types d incertitudes, aléatoires ou épistémiques, sur une même procédure, une méthode hybride paramétrique non-paramétrique de modélisation et de propagation des incertitudes a été proposée. En raison de la taille importante des modèles industriels des stators, le problème est traité dans un contexte de sous-structuration et revient à réaliser une réanalyse approchée. Afin d assurer un compromis entre un coût de calcul raisonnable et une bonne prédiction des bases de réduction, la méthode des Approximations Combinées a été adaptée à la sous-structuration afin d être intégrée au processus de réanalyse. Outre ses avantages en termes de gain en temps de calcul parrapport à une réanalyse exacte, nous avons également montré sa robustesse par rapport à une méthode de réduction standard ou à une méthode améliorée de type enrichissement par résidus statique
Mastering numerical simulations of the behaviour of railway stators remains an important challenge for designers. This allows both the understanding of some physical phenomena and the improvement of design in presence of different sources of uncertainties. The approach proposed in this work consists firstly on building and validating a numerical model of a typical design stator. By carrying out numerical-experimental confrontations and updating models, this first step allowed us to characterize the mean behavior of this heterogeneous assembling and mainly to establish generic modeling rules for other design stators. The second part of this work deals with the investigation of uncertainties affecting the structure or its model. In order to take into account all uncertainties types while performing a calculation of uncertainties propagation, a stochastic hybrid method, combining parametric and non-parametric models, was proposed. Because of the large sizes of finite element models of stators, the problem is treated in a component mode synthesis context. It amounts to carry out an approach reanalysis. In order to ensure a good compromise between reasonable calculation times and an acceptable precision, a generalized variant of the Combined Approximations method (VCA) has been introduced and adapted to component mode synthesis. The VCA method allows both a significant gain in computation time, comparing to an exact calculation, and a high robustness performance comparing to a standard reduction method or an improved method by static residual vectors
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22

Seimbille, Denis. "Design of power supply system in DC electrified transit railways - Influence of the high voltage network." Thesis, KTH, Elektrisk energiomvandling, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-153924.

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Urban rail systems such as subways and trams transport millions of people every day, oering a high level of service. Most of these systems are fed by direct current (DC). The design of the power supply network of DC electried transit railways is of great importance and requires the use of simulation models. The power supply network is composed of a high voltage network (fed with AC) linked to a traction network (fed with DC) by traction substations. Many simulation models ignore the high voltage network in the design process whereas it has a signicant inuence on the results. A Newton-Raphson algorithm is implemented to solve the AC load ow in the high voltage network, and coupled to the existing simulation software Symphonie. Three dierent high voltage network architectures are simulated, and the simulation results are analyzed. The results show that the voltage drop at the AC side of traction substations and the load sharing between them varies signicantly from one architecture to another. In particular, when several traction substations are connected to the same high voltage loop, voltage drops can be signicant for some traction substations. In conclusion, the design of the power supply network of DC electried transit railways requires the simulation of the high voltage network when several substations are connected to the same high voltage loop.
Publika sparburna transportsystem sasom tunnelbanor och lokalbanor transporterar miljontals manniskor varje dag. De esta korta linjer matas med likstrom. Utformningen av stromforsorjningen till dessa system ar avgorande for ett val fungerande , och forutsatter anvandningen av olika matematiska modeller. Detta natverk bestar av ett vaxelstroms hogspanningsnat som omformas till likstrom i era banmatningsstationer langs banan. Dessa matematiska modeller ignorerar dock ofta hogspanningsdelen i modelleringen, varfor resultatet ibland kan bli missvisande. I detta arbete har en belastningsfordelningsalgoritm baserad pa Newton-Raphsons metod implementerats for att skapa en battre modellering av hsgspanningsdelen i den bentliga programvaran Symphonie. Tre olika hogspanningsstrukturer har bearbetats och resultatet visar att spanningsfall och belastningsf ordelning varierar mellan de olika strukturerna. Speciellt nar era transformatorstationer ar kopplade till samma hogspanningssystem, kan spanningsfall vara patagligt for vissa transformatorstationer. Sammanfattningsvis maste utformningen av hogspanningsystemet till likstromsforsorjda jarnvagar utformas med hjalp av anpassade matematiska modeller som tar hansyn till placering av transformatorstationer liksom hogspanningsnatets kapacitet.
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23

Kreuawan, Sangkla. "Modelling and optimal design in railway applications." Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/38/48/43/PDF/Thesis_SKreuawan_v16052009.pdf.

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La conception systémique optimale de composant électrotechnique est abordée dans cette thèse. Nous avons choisi comme exemple représentatif d'un système complexe une chaîne de traction électrique. La démarche et les outils sont mis en œuvre sur deux applications: la conception d'un moteur de traction et la conception simultanée de plusieurs composants clés. Pour la conception d'un moteur de traction, le cycle de fonctionnement et le comportement thermique transitoire sont primordiaux. La bonne adaptation du moteur à sa mission permet d'en réduire considérablement sa masse. L'approche multidisciplinaire est utilisée pour gérer les interactions entre modèles de disciplines différentes au sein d'un même processus d'optimisation. Le temps d'optimisation peut être réduit grâce à la répartition des taches par domaine physique et d'en paralléliser l'exécution. Des optimisations multi objectif ont également été appliquées. Des fronts de Pareto sont obtenus malgré les difficultés soulevées par la nécessité d'utiliser un modèle précis mais coûteux, le modèle éléments finis. L'approche décomposition hiérarchique de la méthode Target Cascading est appliquée au problème de conception de la chaîne de traction. Le système et ses composants sont conçus simultanément. Cette méthode est bien adaptée pour appliquer la démarche de conception optimale à des systèmes complexes, tout en respectant l'organisation par produit de l'entreprise
The design of traction system is a complex task, which needs experts from various fields. Train manufacturers can manage this complexity and produce high performance rolling stock materials. However, any improvement in design methodology can lead to competitive advantage in a global market. This thesis focuses on the optimal design methodology of complex system such as a railway traction system. The design process and tools are demonstrated via two applications: the design of a traction motor and the concurrent design of several key components. The load cycle and transient thermal behaviour are essential in the design of traction motor. The adaptation of motor to its load cycle allows light-weight motor. The multidisciplinary design optimization approach is used to manage interactions between various discipline's models in the optimization process. The optimization time can be decreased through a task distribution and a parallel computing. The multiobjective design optimizations are also applied. Pareto fronts are obtained despite the difficulty in using the high fidelity but expensive in computation time such as Finite Element Analysis model. The hierarchical decomposition approach: Target Cascading method is applied to the traction system design problem. The system and components are designed simultaneously. This method is suitable for implementing the complex system optimal design process while respecting company’s product development structure
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24

Zakowicz, Rafael. "Análise do conteúdo harmônico na entrada de subestações retificadoras ferroviárias." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-18062013-151422/.

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O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar medições de distorção de tensão e corrente na entrada de subestações que alimentam sistemas ferroviários e verificar se estas atendem às normas IEEE - 519:1992 e IEC 61000-3-6:2008. Foram realizadas medições durante uma semana nas subestações retificadoras Tietê e Jaraguá, ambas da CPTM. Os resultados das medições foram comparados com simulações computacionais baseadas em um modelo simplificado do sistema de alimentação.
This study reports an experimental assessment of current and voltage distortion at the ac side of railway power supply installations and their compliance with the IEEE-519: 1992 and IEC 61000-3-6: 2008 standards. All experimental measurements were conducted using a commercially available power quality analyzer installed during a week at the CPTM rectifier substations of Tietê and Jaraguá. A simplified model was applied to computer simulations in order to calibrate the model through the comparison with experimental results.
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25

Cantegrel, Martin. "Vers une conception optimale des chaînes de traction ferroviaire." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00794532.

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Cette thèse aborde la conception optimale des chaînes de traction par l'exemple d'une chaîne de traction pour métro. Les données d'entrée de la conception d'une chaîne de traction sont la performance attendue et l'encombrement des équipements nécessaires. Pour aider le concepteur, l'outil informatique donne aujourd'hui la possibilité de construire une grande variété de modèles. D'autre part, les algorithmes d'optimisation permettent de trouver les configurations optimales. Ces possibilités ont été exploitées au cours de ce travail. Les modèles développés permettent d'estimer un large nombre de critères. A travers l'exemple de ces modèles, la méthode de conception suivie est détaillée dans le rapport. D'un point de vue technique, la chaîne de traction proposée est détaillée dans le dernier chapitre
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26

Pires, Cassiano Lobo. "Simulação de marcha de composição ferroviária acionada por motores de indução e PWM." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-02052002-201047/.

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O presente trabalho traz o estudo da simulação do desempenho (simulação de marcha) de uma composição ferroviária acionada através de inversores de tensão e motores de indução e alimentada em corrente contínua, um tipo de material rodante recentemente introduzido no Brasil. Tal fato faz com que seja necessário o desenvolvimento de métodos de análise das características deste tipo de material, objetivo maior deste trabalho. A metodologia de análise aqui desenvolvida tem como base a teoria da tração elétrica para o equacionamento da dinâmica do movimento, a teoria do controle do motor de indução e a teoria do funcionamento do próprio motor de indução para a obtenção da corrente captada por esta composição - um dos principais resultados obtidos. A aplicação desta metodologia é dada através da simulação de uma composição em três tipos de vias diferentes. Uma análise posterior dos resultados traz a possibilidade de uma simplificação do método de obtenção da corrente captada. Tal possibilidade é apresentada e comparada com os dados anteriormente obtidos validando-a.
This dissertation is a study of the duty cycle simulation of inverter-fed induction traction drives for DC-supplied railway system. This type of equipment is new in Brazilian railway and subway systems and the need to model and to simulate became an important issue and the aim of this dissertation. The development of the model is based on electric railway traction theory for train dynamics, on inverter-fed induction machine control and induction machine theory to calculate the input line current from power supply - one of the most important results. As an example, a modeling and simulation of one train running in three different lines is shown. The analysis of the results shows that the input line current from power supply may be obtained by a simplified model. This hypothesis is studied, the results are compared and the simplified model is then validated.
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27

Casarin, Jérémy. "Caractérisation et mise en œuvre de composants SiC Haute Tension pour l'application transformateur moyenne fréquence en traction ferroviaire." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0123/document.

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L'objectif du projet CONCIGI-HT (CONvertisseur alternatif-continu Compact à Isolement Galvanique Intégré Haute Tension) est d'augmenter le rendement des chaînes de traction tout en réduisant la masse et le volume de la fonction de conversion Alternatif/Continu. Pour cela, l'ensemble transformateur basse fréquence - redresseur est remplacé par une structure multi-convertisseurs, directement connectée à la caténaire haute tension et intégrant des transformateurs fonctionnant en moyenne fréquence (plusieurs kHz). Cette thèse concerne plus particulièrement la caractérisation et la mise en œuvre de composants semi-conducteurs haute tension dans des structures de conversion statiques à étage intermédiaire moyenne fréquence. L'étude est effectuée sur la base d'une chaîne de traction de 2 MW fonctionnant sur un réseau 25 kV/50 Hz. Le premier chapitre présente l'état de l'art de l'Automotrice à Grande Vitesse (AGV) récemment produite par ALSTOM. C'est la chaîne de traction de cet engin qui sert de référence pour l'étude des nouvelles topologies à transformateur moyenne fréquence. Le deuxième chapitre décrit tout d'abord la structure d'une chaîne de traction classique et présente ensuite deux topologies multicellulaires à transformateur moyenne fréquence applicables en traction électrique ferroviaire (la structure indirecte à redresseur de courant MLI et convertisseur DC/DC à résonance ainsi que la topologie directe associant des convertisseurs duaux). Les avantages et inconvénients de ces topologies sont mis en évidence. Le troisième chapitre concerne la mise en œuvre et la caractérisation en commutation douce de composants Silicium 6,5 kV dans les deux topologies présentées précédemment. Deux bancs de test, représentant un étage élémentaire de conversion, ainsi que des allumeurs spécifiques dédiés à la commutation douce, ont été réalisés. Ils permettent l'étude des semi-conducteurs en régime permanent dans des conditions nominales de fonctionnement (3,6 kV / 100 A). Le quatrième chapitre présente la mise en œuvre et la caractérisation de composants en carbure de silicium (SiC). Pour cela des modules de puissance à base de puces 10 kV (MOSFET et Diodes) ont été réalisés. Les résultats expérimentaux, obtenus sur les bancs de test réalisés au chapitre précédent, mettent en évidence une réduction significative des pertes et démontrent la viabilité de la topologie à convertisseurs duaux pour une application en 25 kV/50 Hz. La conclusion présente un premier design d'un bloc élémentaire et les gains en masse et volume ainsi que les économies d'énergies qui pourront être obtenus par rapport à une structure classique
The objective of the CONCIGI-HT project (Compact AC/DC converter with Integrated High Voltage Galvanic Insulation) is to increase the efficiency of traction drives while reducing the mass and volume of the AC/DC conversion. To do that, the part low-frequency transformer - rectifier is replaced by a multi-converter topology, directly connected to the high voltage power supply and incorporating medium frequency transformers (several kHz). This thesis relates more particularly to the characterization and implementation of high voltage semiconductors in conversion topologies with intermediate medium frequency link. The study is performed on the basis of a traction drive of 2 MW operating on a 25 kV/50 Hz power supply. The first chapter presents the state of the art of the Automotrice à Grande Vitesse (AGV) recently produced by ALSTOM. The traction drive of this vehicle is used as a reference for the study of new topologies with medium frequency transformer. The second chapter first describes the structure of a conventional traction drive and then presents two multicellular topologies with medium frequency transformer applicable to railway traction (the indirect structure with PWM rectifier and DC/DC resonant converter and the direct topology combining dual converters). The advantages and disadvantages of these topologies are highlighted. The third chapter deals with the implementation and soft switching characterization of 6.5 kV Silicon components in both topologies presented above. Two test benches, representing a basic conversion stage, as well as specific drivers dedicated to the soft switching, has been made. They allow the study of semiconductors in nominal operating conditions (3.6 kV / 100 A). The fourth chapter presents the implementation and characterization of silicon carbide components (SiC). For this, power modules based on 10 kV chips (MOSFET and Diodes) have been achieved. The experimental results obtained on test benches made in the previous chapter, show a significant reduction in losses and demonstrate the viability of the dual converter topology for a 25 kV/50 Hz application. The conclusion presents the first design of an elementary block and gains in mass and volume as well as the energy savings that can be achieved compared to a conventional structure
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28

Lefebvre, Gaëtan. "Commande de machine asynchrone sans capteur de vitesse : Application à la traction ferroviaire." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI129/document.

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Le problème de la commande de machine asynchrone sans capteur mécanique de vitesse est très étudié dans les domaines de l'automatique et de l'électrotechnique. Ce travail porte sur la faisabilité de ce type de commande sur l'ensemble de la plage de vitesse et pour tout type de machine asynchrone afin d'être utilisée en traction ferroviaire. Une étude poussée de l'observabilité permet de définir une mesure quantitative continue de l'observabilité de la vitesse de la machine, appelée index d'observabilité. La synthèse d'un observateur confirme ainsi la correspondance entre les zones de faible index d'observabilité et celles où l'observation est de mauvaise qualité. L'index d'observabilité défini dans cette thèse permet donc de prédire les performances d'observation d'un système. L'originalité principale des travaux présentés tient dans l'utilisation de cet index d'observabilité dans la commande de la machine asynchrone sans capteur mécanique de vitesse. En tirant profit du degré de liberté qu'offre la variation d'amplitude du flux, nous proposons de garantir un index d'observabilité au-dessus d'un seuil tout en respectant les autres contraintes de la commande. L'observation de la vitesse devient alors précise sur toute la plage de vitesse, et un fonctionnement long est possible en tout point sans perturber le couple réalisé. Des expérimentations sur simulateur numérique viennent confirmer ces résultats, y compris lors de phases de patinage. L'observation des paramètres électriques est également étudiée afin de garantir la précision de l'observation de vitesse. Pour cela, la sensibilité de l'observation de vitesse aux variations de paramètres électriques et l'observabilité de ces paramètres sont étudiées, permettant de définir une nouvelle stratégie d'observation des paramètres électriques. Des essais sur banc de puissance, puis en application réelle sur un train régional, valident les performances de la commande sans capteur de vitesse proposée sur toute la plage de vitesse, et son adéquation aux contraintes d'une application ferroviaire
The problem of speed sensorless control of induction machine is a well-studied problem in the field of automatic control and electrical engineering. This work addresses the problem of the feasibility of induction machine control over the whole speed range and for any type of induction machine, aiming at being used in a railway application. An intensive study of observability has defined a continuous quantitative measurement of the speed observability, named observability index. An observer was developped to confirme the correspondence between low-observability index areas and poor observation quality. The observability index defined in this thesis is thus a way to predict the observation performance of systems. The main originality of the work presented in this thesis is the use of this observability index in the induction machine speed sensorless drive. By taking advantage of the degree of freedom given by the variation of the flux amplitude, we propose to guarantee the observability index value above a given threshold while respecting the other constraints of the control. The speed observation becomes precise over the entire speed range, and a long time operation is possible on any point, without interfering with torque regulation. Experiments on real-time simulator confirm these results, including when slipping and sliding occurs. The electrical parameter observation is also studied to ensure the accuracy of speed observation. For this, the sensitivity of the speed observation to electrical parameter variations and the observability of these parameters are studied, leading to the definition of the electrical parameter observation strategy. The testings on power bench, and in real application on a regional train, validate the performance of the speed sensorless drive proposed on the entire speed range, and its suitability to the constraints of a railway application
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29

Martin, Jérémy. "Caractérisation en commutation douce d'IGBT 6,5 kV pour l'application transformateur moyenne fréquence en traction ferroviaire." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0037/document.

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Ce travail concerne l’étude et la réalisation d’une architecture multicellulaire de conversion d’énergie électrique haute tension avec étage intermédiaire alternatif moyenne fréquence destinée à la traction électrique ferroviaire. L’objectif de ce travail est de diminuer la masse et le volume de l’étage de conversion alternatif-continu que l’on retrouve dans les engins de traction conçus pour circuler sur les réseaux alternatifs 25kV-50Hz ou 15kV-16Hz2/3. La recherche de gains sur l’étage de conversion alternatif-continu s’applique aussi bien sur les automotrices où l’on cherche à gagner de la place disponible pour y placer des passagers que sur les locomotives ou encore sur les motrices de TGV où l’on recherche un gain de masse étant donné que ces engins sont en limite de charge à l’essieu. Le contexte de la haute tension implique l’utilisation d’interrupteurs de forts calibres en tension pour limiter au maximum le nombre de cellules de conversions utilisées. D’un autre côté, la recherche de gains sur le transformateur nécessite une fréquence de découpage élevée, génératrice de pertes en commutation dans les interrupteurs. L’architecture de conversion retenue permet par l’association de structures duales d’obtenir des conditions de commutation douce, ce qui est favorable à une montée en fréquence avec des interrupteurs de forts calibres en tension. Le convertisseur élémentaire associe un onduleur de tension commandé au blocage et un commutateur de courant commandé à l’amorçage. Afin d’évaluer le rendement de l’architecture considérée, un prototype d’un bloc de conversion élémentaire, d’une puissance de 280 kVA, a été réalisé au laboratoire PEARL. Les interrupteurs sont réalisés sur la base de modules IGBT 6,5kV/200A. Les essais en commutation douce ont permis d’évaluer, dans des conditions de fonctionnement réelles, les pertes dans les modules IGBT. Compte tenu de ces résultats, il est possible de déterminer les limites de fonctionnement de la structure de conversion et d’effectuer un dimensionnement en considérant le compromis rendement-poids-volume pour un engin de traction donné
This thesis concerns the study and the rating of a high voltage multicellular converter with an intermediate medium frequency stage dedicated to railway traction. The objective is to reduce the weight and the volume of the AC-DC conversion stage which is implemented in railway engines running on 25kV-50Hz or 15kV-16Hz2/3 railways. Reduction on weight and size of the AC-DC converter may be applied on multiple unit trains where the transformer causes room loss for passengers and on locomotives and high speed trains where the axle load is limited. On one hand high voltage switches are required in order to minimize the number of cells used to build the converter. On the other hand, reducing the size and the weight of the transformer requires a high switching frequency, causing high commutation losses. To achieve soft switching conditions with high voltage semiconductors, the proposed topology is based on an association of dual structures. Each elementary converter combines a controlled turn-off voltage source inverter and a controlled turn-on current source inverter. In order to estimate the efficiency of the new topology, a prototype of one elementary cell working at 280 kVA, was built at the Power Electronics Associated Research Laboratory (PEARL). The switches are standard 6.5 kV/200A IGBTs modules. Soft-switching tests, in real operating conditions, allow evaluating IGBTs and diodes switching losses. Thanks to these results, it is possible to find the structure operating limits and to size the transformer considering the trade-off between the system efficiency and the transformer weight
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30

Suarez, Diaz Julian Andres. "Étude et modélisation des interactions électriques entre les engins et les installations fixes de traction électrique 25kV/50Hz." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/14260/1/suarez.pdf.

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Depuis un demi-siècle, le développement de la traction électrique ferroviaire en courant monophasé en France s'est appuyé sur les progrès réalisés aussi bien au niveau des installations fixes de traction qu'au niveau du matériel roulant. Toutefois, au cours des deux dernières décennies, l'augmentation du trafic et l'introduction de locomotives avec des chaines de traction innovantes ont été à l'origine de phénomènes électriques qui se sont avérés néfastes pour l'exploitation du système. Les premiers phénomènes observés ont été à l'origine de dégâts matériels à bord de locomotives. Il s'agissait de surtensions résultant d'une interaction défavorable entre l'impédance interne de l'infrastructure et les harmoniques générés par les engins moteurs équipés de redresseurs à thyristors. Plus récemment, suite à l'introduction massive d'engins équipés de redresseurs à absorption sinusoïdale de courant, un phénomène de modulation très basse fréquence de la tension caténaire est apparu et a provoqué la mise hors tension des locomotives voire la disjonction de la sous station alimentant le secteur concerné. Ceci constitue aujourd'hui un obstacle majeur à l'utilisation généralisée de la nouvelle technologie à bord des engins. Ces perturbations affectent l'exploitation du système en entrainant généralement des retards voire des annulations de circulation. Elles peuvent aussi dégrader la qualité d'énergie du réseau d'électricité amont à un niveau tel que la sous-station d'alimentation doit être déconnectée. La direction de l'ingénierie de la SNCF a donc pris des dispositions pour comprendre puis éviter l'apparition des phénomènes observés. Une collaboration interne entre le centre d'ingénierie du matériel et la division des installations fixes de traction électrique ainsi qu'un partenariat avec le LAPLACE ont été mis en place. Le présent document est le fruit de cette collaboration. L'objectif de cette thèse est donc d'étudier et de modéliser les interactions entre les engins et les installations fixes de traction sur le réseau français 25kV/50Hz. Ce manuscrit comporte deux parties principales qui s'organisent ainsi : La première partie est consacrée à l'étude du phénomène de modulation très basse fréquence de la tension caténaire. Les modèles des deux principaux composants du système sont d'abord présentés. Les études ainsi menés permettent de comprendre l'origine du phénomène, puis ensuite de développer une méthode de caractérisation des engins permettant de retrouver les limites de stabilité dans les secteurs problématiques du réseau ferré. Ceci nous a conduit à proposer une représentation générale des locomotives modernes sous forme d'une matrice admittance qu'il est possible d'obtenir par une mesure directe sur des engins réels. La deuxième partie concerne l'étude des interactions harmoniques à l'origine de surtensions sur la caténaire. L'analyse systématique du phénomène est basée sur des outils de simulation de circuits électroniques de puissance utilisant une bibliothèque de modèles élémentaires. La première étape consiste à développer un modèle « moyenne fréquence » du réseau d'alimentation afin de mettre en évidence les fréquences de résonance de l'ensemble ligne/sous-station. La deuxième étape consiste à modéliser les locomotives afin de prendre en compte leur réponse harmonique. Au final, il devient possible de savoir si un engin donné va générer des déformations de la tension en vérifiant si l'une des composantes harmoniques du courant absorbé coïncide avec une des résonances caractéristique du circuit d'alimentation. Pour compléter cette deuxième partie, une modélisation plus fine, intégrant l'effet de peau et l'effet de proximité est abordée. Elle s'appuie sur la caractérisation expérimentale en moyenne fréquence d'un transformateur 50Hz. Ceci nous permet de vérifier l'influence de ces phénomènes sur le comportement fréquentiel du réseau d'alimentation.
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31

Acheen, Robin. "Détermination et impact de l'existence de décharges partielles dans une chaîne de traction ferroviaire utilisant des composants à base de SiC." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30161.

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L'introduction de composants à base de SiC dans les chaînes de conversion électromécanique du ferroviaire, si elle présente de nombreux avantages, peut avoir des conséquences sur la fiabilité de l'ensemble des systèmes d'isolation des machines. Il s'agit donc, pour des fréquences de commutation de 1 à 5 kHz, et des dV/dt variant de 15 à 30 kV/µs, d'être capable de garantir des durées de vie des systèmes de l'ordre de 40 ans (ou 200 000 h). La question qui se pose est donc de savoir de quelle marge disposent les systèmes d'isolation des équipements actuels en prévision du passage aux composants à base de SiC. Il s'avère donc nécessaire de déterminer si dans les conditions normales de fonctionnement de la chaîne des phénomènes qui n'existaient pas préalablement (ou dont les conséquences n'avaient pas forcément été appréhendées de manière spécifique) vont apparaître avec le passage aux composants à base de SiC. Il s'agit principalement des Décharges Partielles et de leur développement dans les machines et plus précisément dans l'isolation entre spires, entre phases ou par rapport à la masse. L'objectif de la thèse consiste donc à étudier l'influence des contraintes électriques imposées par les composants SiC sur les isolants des machines. Pour cela, une première phase de caractérisation des contraintes électriques permet de rendre compte des contraintes réellement subies par la machine. Ces contraintes sont ensuite reproduites dans une seconde phase sur des échantillons représentatifs qui sont ainsi soumis à un vieillissement accéléré, et qui permettent d'établir des lois de vieillissement ainsi que d'étudier la dégradation des isolants sous l'effet des contraintes appliquées
The introduction of SiC-based components in the electromechanical chain presents numerous advantages, but has consequences on the reliability of the insulation systems in the machine. For switching frequencies up to 5 kHz, and dV/dt varying from 15 to 30 kV/µs, a system lifetime of around 40 years (or 200 000 hours) must be guaranteed. The question that arises is to know what margin insulation systems of the current equipment have. It is thus necessary to determine whether, under normal operating conditions, phenomena that did not previously exist or were not completely apprehended will appear with the transition to SiC-based inverters. One of these phenomena is Partial Discharge (PD) and its development in machines, and more precisely in the turn-to-turn, turn-to-ground, and phase-to-phase insulation systems. Therefore, the objective of the thesis is to study the influence of the electrical stress imposed by SiC-based components on the insulation of machines. To do so, a first phase of electrical stress identification allows accounting for the constraints undergone by the machine. In a second phase, these constraints are reproduced on representative samples, which are thus subject to accelerated aging, in order to establish aging laws and to study the degradation of the insulation systems under stress
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32

Berbecea, Alexandru. "Approches multi-niveaux pour la conception systémique optimale des chaînes de traction ferroviaire." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00917657.

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Dans le contexte actuel de globalisation des marchés, le processus classique de conception par essais et erreurs n'est plus capable de répondre aux exigences de plus en plus accrues en termes de délais très courts, réduction des coûts de production, etc. L'outil d'optimisation propose une réponse à ces questions, en accompagnant les ingénieurs dans la tâche de conception optimale.L'objectif de cette thèse est centré sur la conception optimale des systèmes complexes. Deux approches sont abordées dans ce travail: l'optimisation par modèles de substitution et la conception optimale basée sur la décomposition des systèmes complexes.L'utilisation de la conception assistée par ordinateur (CAO) est devenue une pratique régulière dans l'industrie. La démarche d'optimisation basée sur modèles de substitution est destinée à répondre à l'optimisation des dispositifs bénéficiant d'une telle modélisation précise, mais couteuse en temps de calcul.Les chaînes de traction ferroviaire sont trop complexes pour être traités comme un tout. La décomposition de ces systèmes s'impose en vue de simplifier le problème et de repartir la charge de calcul. Des stratégies appropries à la résolution de telles structures ont été analysées dans ce travail. Ces approches permettent à chaque équipe de spécialistes de travailler de façon autonome à l'objet de leur expertise.Les approches d'optimisation développées au sein de ce travail ont été appliquées pour résoudre plusieurs problèmes d'optimisation électromagnétiques, ainsi que la conception optimale d'un système de traction ferroviaire de la Société Alstom
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33

Stackler, Caroline. "Transformateurs électroniques pour applications ferroviaires." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0015.

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Actuellement, la majorité des convertisseurs embarqués dans des trains circulant sous une caténaire alternative est composée d’un transformateur basse fréquence, puis de redresseurs,alimentant des moteurs de traction via des onduleurs de traction. Les inconvénients majeurs de ces structures sont un volume et une masse embarqués importants, dus au transformateur fonctionnant en basse fréquence. Le rendement est également mauvais, à cause des contraintes de volume et de masse. Grâce aux développements des semiconducteurs haute tension et forte puissance et des transformateurs moyenne fréquence, i.e. de l’ordre de quelques kilohertz, de nouvelles topologies de convertisseurs embarqués, appelées transformateurs électroniques, sont à l’étude. Si plusieurs topologies ont déjà été étudiées dans la littérature, elles n’ont jamais été comparées. L’objectif principal de cette thèse est donc de proposer une méthodologie de dimensionnement des différentes topologies de transformateurs électroniques, afin de pouvoir les comparer. Un état de l’art des différentes structures proposées dans la littérature est présenté dans le premier chapitre de ce mémoire. Le chapitre 2 est consacré à la comparaison de structures indirectes. Pour cela, une méthodologie, permettant d’optimiser le dimensionnement de chaque structure afin de maximiser son rendement sous des contraintes de masse et de volume, a été développée. Elle est ensuite appliquée sur des topologies utilisant des MOSFET SiC, contrairement aux structures à IGBT Si développées dans la littérature. L’inductance magnétisante est considérée afin d’assurer un fonctionnement en commutation douce, et ainsi limiter les pertes. Un troisième chapitre propose un filtre actif innovant, intégré aux DC-DC du convertisseur. Celui-ci a pour but de réduire le volume du condensateur de filtrage des bus intermédiaires, et ainsi le volume total du convertisseur, sans dégrader la fiabilité intrinsèque de celui-ci. Son fonctionnement et son impact sur les pertes du DC-DC y sont étudiés. Enfin, le dernier chapitre est dédié à l’étude des interactions entre le convertisseur embarqué et l’infrastructure ferroviaire. Pour cela, des modèles d’infrastructure 25 kV-50 Hz ont été réalisés. Ceux ci comportent notamment un circuit original modélisant l’effet de peau dans la caténaire. Des résonances à certaines fréquences, caractéristiques de la géométrie du réseau et de la position du train sur celui-ci, ont été mises en évidence dans l’impédance vue par le train. Ces modèles ont aussi été implémentés dans un simulateur numérique, pour alimenter une maquette petite échelle de convertisseur. Ce type de test n’a, a priori, jamais été réalisé sur un transformateur électronique. Une conclusion générale et des perspectives sur les travaux présentés concluent ce mémoire
Current on-board converters, running on AC catenaries, are mainly composed by a low frequency transformer, then rectifiers, supplying traction motors through three-phase inverters. Due to volume and mass constraints on the converter, the efficiency of the transformer is limited. Moreover, this transformer is quite bulky and heavy. Thanks to the development of high voltage and high power semiconductors, such as Si IGBTs or SiC MOSFETs, and of medium frequency transformer, i.e. operating at a few kilohertz, new topologies of on-board converters, named Power Electronic Traction Transformer (PETT), are studied. Though several structures have been studied in the literature, they have never been compared. The main objective of this thesis is, thus, to develop a methodology to size PETT topologies, in order to compare them. In the first chapter, a state of the art of the PETT structures proposed in literature is presented. The second chapter is dedicated to the comparison of indirect topologies. A methodology, optimising the sizing of each structure to maximise its efficiency under mass and volume constraints, is developed. It is applied on topologies using SiC MOSFETs, contrary to Si IGBT structures developed in the literature. The magnetizing inductance is also considered to insure soft switching and reduce the losses. In the third chapter, an novel active filter, included in the DC-DCs of the converter, is proposed. The aim is to reduce the volume of the filtering capacitors on the intermediate buses, and thus, of the entire converter, without impacting the intrinsic reliability of the converter. Its impact on the losses of the DC-DC is studied. The last chapter deals with the interactions between the on-board converter and the infrastructure. Thus, the 25 kV-50 Hz railway network is modeled. It includes a novel circuit, modelling the skin effect in the catenary. Some resonances, dependant on the sector geometry and the train position, are highlighted in the impedance seen by a train. Moreover, the models are implemented in a numerical simulator to supply a small scale mock-up of a PETT. PHIL tests have, a priori, never been carried on a PETT. A conclusion and some perspectives of future work close thisdissertation
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34

Moussouni, Fouzia. "Méthodologie et algorithmes adaptés à l’optimisation multi-niveaux et multi-objectif de systèmes complexes." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ECLI0016/document.

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La conception d'un système électrique est une tâche très complexe qui relève d’expertises dans différents domaines de compétence. Dans un contexte compétitif où l’avance technologique est un facteur déterminant, l’industrie cherche à réduire les temps d'étude et à fiabiliser les solutions trouvées par une approche méthodologique rigoureuse fournissant une solution optimale systémique.Il est alors nécessaire de construire des modèles et de mettre au point des méthodes d'optimisation compatibles avec ces préoccupations. En effet, l’optimisation unitaire de sous-systèmes sans prendre en compte les interactions ne permet pas d'obtenir un système optimal. Plus le système est complexe plus le travail est difficile et le temps de développement est important car il est difficile pour le concepteur d'appréhender le système dans toute sa globalité. Il est donc nécessaire d'intégrer la conception des composants dans une démarche systémique et globale qui prenne en compte à la fois les spécificités d’un composant et ses relations avec le système qui l’emploie.Analytical Target Cascading est une méthode d'optimisation multi niveaux de systèmes complexes. Cette approche hiérarchique consiste à décomposer un système complexe en sous-systèmes, jusqu’au niveau composant dont la conception relève d’algorithmes d'optimisation classiques. La solution optimale est alors trouvée par une technique de coordination qui assure la cohérence de tous les sous-systèmes. Une première partie est consacrée à l'optimisation de composants électriques. L'optimisation multi niveaux de systèmes complexes est étudiée dans la deuxième partie où une chaîne de traction électrique est choisie comme exemple
The design of an electrical system is a very complex task which needs experts from various fields of competence. In a competitive environment, where technological advance is a key factor, industry seeks to reduce study time and to make solutions reliable by way of a rigorous methodology providing a systemic solution.Then, it is necessary to build models and to develop optimization methods which are suitable with these concerns. Indeed, the optimization of sub-systems without taking into account the interaction does not allow to achieve an optimal system. More complex the system is more the work is difficult and the development time is important because it is difficult for the designer to understand and deal with the system in its complexity. Therefore, it is necessary to integrate the design components in a systemic and holistic approach to take into account, in the same time, the characteristics of a component and its relationship with the system it belongs to.Analytical Target Cascading is a multi-level optimization method for handling complex systems. This hierarchical approach consists on the breaking-down of a complex system into sub-systems, and component where their optimal design is ensured by way of classical optimization algorithms. The optimal solution of the system must be composed of the component's solutions. Then a coordination strategy is needed to ensure consistency of all sub-systems. First, the studied and proposed optimization algorithms are tested and compared on the optimization of electrical components. The second part focuses on the multi-level optimization of complex systems. The optimization of railway traction system is taken as a test case
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35

Pala, Lukáš. "Návrh stykače VN pro trakční účely." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442797.

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In the introduction a traction circuit is analyzed with different types of electric devices. The thesis describes power railway electric circuits, their loads and types of used contactors. Railway standards chapter summarizes requirements of standards for railway contactors. Follows literature focusing on power current switching and power switching devices design. Based on previous, a design procedure is developed for railway MV contactor in accordance with end-user and standards requirements. Thesis closes with pre-designing a railway contactor by calculating electrodynamic forces, heatflow and mechanical components.
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36

Funieru, Bogdan. "Design and optimization of a linear DC actuator used as tractive effort booster in railway applications." Aachen Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/987720015/04.

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37

Funieru, Bogdan [Verfasser]. "Design and Optimization of a Linear DC Actuator used as Tractive Effort Booster in Railway Applications / Bogdan Funieru." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1161313036/34.

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38

Chen, Yu-Hung, and 陳祐弘. "Taiwan Railway System Simulation and Traction Transformer Capacity Evaluation." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8w5k79.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
105
The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the effect of the capacity of traction substation and the supply voltage of trains after the railway system replacing to double tracks, boosting speed, and adding the train's shifts in the future. The simulation of train’s dynamic positions, Daily Load Curve evaluation of PU systems and the powerflow analysis of traction systems are included in the thesis. To make the program in the software to simulate the Daily Load Curve of Eastern and Western PU system, this thesis analyzes the load’s characteristic of railway and MRT system by their voltage supplied structure, the way of motor operation, the relation of torque transfer to energy and timetable in the beginning. After simulation, comparing simulated values with the real measure values to make sure the train’s operational curve fit in the future. Consider to the effect that cause by the train shift increasing and boosting speed this thesis use the powerflow program along with Simulink to study the relation of voltage drops and traction loads from the simulation results in the last. The result could show the train number, power consumption and the relation of train’s position and voltage drops in any time that make the evaluation not only consider the capacity of traction substation but whether the voltage drops influence of load to traction system meet criterion. The study result could offer both at home and abroad engineers and consultants to execute rail system planning, designing, operating and be a reference.
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39

Ko, Wei-hsiang, and 柯唯翔. "Power Quality Analysis and Program Development for Railway Traction Systems." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jj6c3d.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
99
With the fast growth of the capacity demand of the railway transportation system, the power supply quality of the railway traction system has become an important issue. The railway traction loads, featuring random fluctuations, rapid changes, plentiful harmonics, etc, will lead to the power supply quality problems, such as voltage unbalances, negative-sequence currents and harmonic pollutions when trains are operated. This thesis is aim to develop the harmonic analysis program of traction power supply systems. This program can be used to analyze harmonic spectrum as well as amplitude in three-phase power systems. Moreover, the resonance points of traction lines also can be calculated and be located. The actual measurements for traction substations were included in this research. Based on the measurement results and parameters, the mathematical models of special transformers, traction loads, and traction lines were established. In addition, compensation circuits, including active and passive filters, were proposed in this study, and their improvement effectiveness was also discussed. Via the graphical interface of the program, the parameter inputs and the analysis calculations will become very convenient and fast, respectively. After the analysis is finished, users can view the results directly or export the results, which could be the reference of evaluation and design to compensate and improve the related equipment.
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40

Lin, Syuan-Yu, and 林軒宇. "Implementation of a Testing System for Phase Modules used in Railway Traction." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83405913152564814959.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
97
The purpose of this thesis is to implement a testing system for the phase modules which are used in railway traction inverters. The testing system provides a testing platform which tests maximum voltage and current rating without installing the phase modules on real system. The proposed testing system is composed of a single-phase boost power factor corrector and a bidirectional dc-dc converter. The single-phase power factor corrector at the front stage supplies a regulated dc link voltage and improves the power factor of the ac source. The bidirectional dc-dc converter is composed of cascading buck and boost converters. These two converters are composed of switch elements of the under-tested phase modules and filter components of the testing system. The purpose of the second stage is to provide a controllable ac testing current for the under-tested phase modules. The major advantage of the proposed testing system is that the testing system provides a similar operating condition for the under-tested modules with only few power consumption. This thesis uses MATALB/Simulink to build a simulation system which includes the power stage and the control blocks. A digital signal processor (TMS320F2812) is employed as a digital controller, which processes the feedback signals and provides the pulse width modulation signals for the switches and the under-tested phase modules. Both simulation and experimental results are shown in this thesis to verify the validity of the proposed testing system.
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41

Wu, Jian-Wei, and 吳建緯. "Implementation of a testing system for phase module using in railway traction inverter." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49939710999011532209.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
96
The purpose of this thesis is to implement a testing system of phase modules which are used in railway traction inverters. The proposed testing system is composed of a switch-mode rectifier（SMR）and a bidirectional dc-dc converter. By using pulse-width-modulation technique, the testing system provides electrical conditions that are simular to real operation for the under-tested phase modules. Under these conditions, the dielectric and conducting capabilities of the under-tested phase modules can be assessed without troublesome field test. To improve the power quality of the testing system, a single-switch SMR is deploied at the front stage which provides the dc link voltage. Cascading a buck and a boost converters to form a bidirectional dc-dc converter, the second stage works as a controllable ac current source for the conducting testing with only few power consumption. For evaluating system efficiency, consumption of each element, such as diodes, switches, capacitors, and inductors, is analyzed carefully in this thesis. The testing system is controlled by a digital signal processor（TMS320F2812）, which provides the suitable PWM signals for the switches in the system according to the testing conditions. Both simulation and experimental results are shown in this thesis to verify the validity of the proposed testing system. The testing specification of this system is based on the voltage of 1000V and the current of 10A.
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42

Chen, Wei-Ming, and 陳偉銘. "An Implement and Simulation on Electronic Converter Applied to AC Railway Traction Substations." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78555831805494636539.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
電機工程系
103
Currently, the traction power in Taiwan Railway Administration (TRA) is supplied from Taiwan Power Company (TPC) and converted by Le Blanc transformer into two sets of 25kV, 60Hz single-phase AC voltages. However, a locomotive is a single traction load which will not only cause unbalanced voltage and current at three-phase source but affect power quality. For mitigating the effect of three-phase unbalance, a novel electronic commutator substation is proposed to solve the problem mentioned above. The isolated rectifying and cascaded inverter technique are applied to traction structure. The simulation results are given in the end of this paper and make a comparison of unbalanced voltage/current ratio with existing rail traction substation, The findings of this thesis can be a reference to improve the power quality of the railway power system. Keywords: Le Blanc transformer, cascade inverter, three-phase unbalance, electronic commutator, power quality.
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43

Hsi, Pao-Hsiang, and 席寶祥. "Analysis and design of high speed railway traction power systems under normal operating condition." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26247687117288633919.

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博士
國立清華大學
電機工程學系
87
High Speed Railway (HSR) has gained great popularity around the world these years with its capability of providing long-range and high-speed mass transportation. Of all the planning works involved in HSR design, Traction Power Systems (TPS) design presents one of the most difficult tasks. This is because on one hand, HSR TPS is characterized by its constant moving loads, dynamically changing load types (constant current and constant power modes), and its specialized 3-conductor group network structure. While on the other hand, its large (>8 MW per trainset) and single-phase load nature makes its integration with the utility grid a very complicated issue. The many undocumented railway operating principles and practices (especially from the power engineering perspective) also further makes the TPS design a very challenging task for power engineers. 　　Current methodologies published in the literature for HSR TPS analysis is insufficient to analyze HSR TPS realistically and accurately. On the Dynamic Load Estimation (DLE) part, the typical error of current methodologies exceeds 15% (See Table 3.1 of Ch. 3) due to the use of incorrect approach or failure to incorporate railway operating principles and practices. Since the result of DLE simulation is the basis for substation rating, grid impact evaluation, and TPS circuit formation, this error will propagate to all the subsequent analysis making the whole TPS analysis full of errors. As far as the TPS state analysis (analyzing the multiple train voltages, branch currents, etc.) is concerned, only the methodology for single train, single mode voltage analysis has been proposed in the literature using simplified circuit model. Considering the multi-train, multi-mode, and multiple-AT-feeding nature of the TPS circuit, the analysis result of current methodology is far from realistic. Besides all these insufficiencies, current methodologies published in the literature had been mostly confined to “static” analysis instead of dynamic simulation of HSR TPS. To analyze HSR TPS realistically, the 2 modules mentioned above must be properly integrated together while this can not be achieved with current methodologies. 　　This dissertation presents the development of an accurate and integrated HSR TPS simulation environment which can achieve high-speed and high-precision HSR TPS analysis. An efficient and high-precision DLE algorithm is first developed in Chapter 3 of this dissertation featuring rigorous approach and the incorporation of real railway operating principles and practices (e.g. timetable buffer’s effects, etc.) Following that, a multi-train, multi-mode train voltage analysis program is developed in Chapter 4 which not only makes the simulation of multiple train voltages possible for the first time, but also improves the simulation accuracy significantly by allowing dynamic mixture of trainset operating modes and the using of accurate circuit model. After the 2 main simulation engines have been developed, a database management system (DBMS) shell is then developed in Chapter 5 which provides an integrated but open simulation environment for TPS simulation. With this integrated simulation environment, the on-line electrical state (including all the train voltages, branch currents, substation load profiles, etc.) of the whole HSR TPS can be simulated as if it were under real operating conditions! 　　Analysis and design are like the 2 sides of a coin. To equip the reader with the capability of designing HSR TPS and to help the reader better appreciate the details and philosophies of each HSR TPS design, this dissertation further develops a complete HSR TPS design methodology in Chapter 6. With the presentation of both methodologies, the design and analysis work of HSR TPS can be carried out in a most coherent and coordinated manner and thus making the simulation environment developed in this dissertation even more powerful. Reference design and parameters for 2x25kV HSR TPS are included whenever helpful and necessary in Chapter 6 while the coordination between HSR TPS design and overall HSR system planning is also presented.
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44

Lin, Chih-Wei, and 林智偉. "nalyzing and Improving for Harmonics Distribution of Railway Traction Systems with System Transformation Methodology." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16542368859489283692.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
89
To improve the unbalance and harmonics of the traction system, the characteristics of the harmonics are analyzed in the traction substation with system transformation methodology introduced in this thesis. First, 3-phase current model of the Le-Blanc connected traction substation is built. Afterwards, including the parallel and compensated devices or filter in the secondary side, 3-phase equivalent model of the traction load harmonics distributed in the whole power system next can be completed. Besides the synthetic compensation based on the reactive power and systematic unbalance, it is provided an improving way for traction system harmonic directed against the shunt compensated devices in this research.
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45

Qiu, Jing-Yu, and 邱靖喻. "Simulation of Train Operation and Traction Substation Daily Load Curves of Taiwan Railway System." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a2jrcu.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
106
The major purpose of this thesis is to simulate the daily load curves of traction substations in a railway electrification system. The simulation is performed under the physical constrains of railroad and operation rules of various train types. The time-varying location graphs of trains, time-varying traction loads of trains and utilization factors of traction transformers can be found, and train operation curves as well. The information of train movement, traction loads, and the utilization factor of traction transformer can also be obtained after some railroad sections of the railway system being upgraded to rapid-transit systems. In this thesis research, the commercial software package, MATLAB® is applied to develop a program for the dynamic characteristics simulation and energy consumption calculation of running trains under various train operation modes. The trains scheduling after some railroad sections being upgraded to rapid-transit systems can also be evaluated using the program developed under this research. The research results provide a valuable methodology, tool and information to professional engineers and consultants to execute railway electrification system design, planning, operation and dispatching as well.
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46

Lin, H. W., and 林新偉. "Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis of Harmonic Characteristics of High-Speed Railway Traction PWM Converters." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55091034188516307962.

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碩士
國立中正大學
電機工程研究所
89
This thesis presents a study for modeling harmonic currents injected by the three-level PWM converter of the high-speed railway traction drive. In the study, an analytical approach for the converter harmonic model based on the double Fourier series method is described. The time-domain simulation results obtained by the use of Pspice and Matlab/Simulink are then compared with those obtained by the proposed three-dimensional model. It is shown that the harmonic currents determined based on the proposed model are highly agree with those results obtained by using the time-domain simulation tools.
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47

Shih, Cheng-Yen, and 施政延. "A Useful Methodology for Analyzing Negative Sequence and Reactive Power Compensation of Railway Traction Systems." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28252559133899890714.

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Abstract:
碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
87
ABSTRACT The traction transformer is adopted in railway traction power system and can be recognized as single-phase connection, v-v connection, connection and three-phase-to-two-phase connection known as Scott and Le-Blanc etc. In this chapter, according to the traction load derived from energy equilibrium and parallel compensated equipment application on current and power function of 3-phase system, the relationship between primary/secondary voltage and current will be discussed with system transformation methodology. Based on the current and power function, the analysis of negative-sequence characteristic of traction load conducts compensated coefficient for negative phase sequence power and compensated coefficient for reactive power and builds their models. The compensated arithmetic model is a function of traction load. The selection can be independently made based on compensated requirements of traction load so that the capacity of parallel compensated coefficient for reactive power system can also be determined.
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48

Chu, Wen-Shyan, and 朱文賢. "A Study of Voltage Unbalance and Harmonic improving Strategies for the High Speed Railway Traction Systems." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96t9b8.

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Abstract:
博士
國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
95
Due to the characters of the single phase source supplying, rapid load demand and heavy-capacity power electric converters used on the traction loads of Taiwan High Speed Rail(HSR), the power harmonics and Voltage unbalance problems are brought out at the Point of Common Coupling(PCC) of the power system of Taiwan Power Company(TPC). For the promotion of the power device’s utility rate and the fulfillment of power quality requirement of Taiwan Power Company, a method is proposed to analysis and solve the problems in the study. The formulae, derived by the symmetrical component method, using the traction load current(or admittance), the phase differential angle and the phase voltage ratio of various type of the traction transformers(single phase type、V type、Scott type、Y-△ type、Le Blanc type and Modified Woodbridge type) represent the symmetrical current component at the primary side of the traction transformer. Then, with the definition of voltage unbalance and the assumption of the planning loads on each single source at the HSR substation are mutually independent, the unbalance voltage factors and figures of all types of traction transformers are calculated and drawn at PCC. New Static Var Compensator(SVC) schemes, V and △ type SVC, are designed in accordance with the characters of the train and the type of traction transformer to improve the voltage unbalance. Using the load current transform formula and Fourier transform to simulate of the harmonic current produced by the traction load and SVC, the magnitude and distribution of harmonic during the load change is represented by using 3 dimension figures. Finally, a Scott type transformer is tied with the appropriate SVC schemes, derived in this dissertation, incorporated with 3rd, 5th, 7th single tune filters, the new schemes are verified to improve voltage unbalance and to restrict the harmonic. With the parameters of the traction substation, the maximum voltage unbalance and the harmonic magnitude is evaluated by the proposed method, the improving strategies are proposed and verified by a simulation. The results are valuable to the engineers and consultants involved in this field. The means to prevent or restrict the degrees of voltage imbalances and harmonic on a power system can therefore be proposed and executed in the future.
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49

Zhe, Gao Yi, and 高翊哲. "A Study of the Energy Storage System Design for the Traction Equipment of Taiwan Railway Train." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51043779066975582502.

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Abstract:
碩士
逢甲大學
電機工程學系
104
This study is about the designing of energy storage system for electrical train system. In 2016, there are two units of electrical train (EMU700 and EMU1000) which are installed by regenerative braking system owned by Taiwan Railway Company. Braking system will turn the motor into a generator during the deceleration by brake and store the regenerated energy into the energy storage system for the train usage. The regenerated energy sometimes will exceed the amount of the energy which can be stored and affect the component in the train. Therefore the extra energy will be flown into the braking resistor and turned into heat energy. To solve this problem, extra energy storage system needs to be installed. By the extra energy storage system, it will increase the efficiency of the energy usage management and increase the amount of the energy which can be stored. In additional, the stored extra energy can be used as additional energy to stabilize the energy fluctuation of the train. There are many types of energy storage system but only few of them which are compatible for electrical train system. Therefore it needs to be carefully selected. By using MATLAB SIMULINK software, the whole system which consisted of energy storage system and electrical operational train system are simulated to get the best and more efficient result of operational. This simulation is also used to study the regenerated braking energy and its effect on the electrical train system. At the end, the result of this study are compared with the study of train operational strategy system to observe the advantages and disadvantages of each system.
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50

Shen, Mu-Ming, and 沈牧民. "Study the Overcurrent Protection of Railway Electric Traction Substation and the Faulted Location of Power Supply Feeder." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q8y99w.

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Abstract:
碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
104
Railway electric traction is an important tool for long way transportation in our country. It plays a key role not only for people daily life but also for military purpose. Hence, both the security and dependability of electric railway power supply system are well noted. However, due to such as the natural disasters, human error and devices malfunction, the system fault may occasionly happen and is unpredictable and unavoidable. To guard the operator and systems safely a coordinated protection system is required. The main purpose is to minimize the fault duration and losing power zone once the fault occurs. As the railways running through the urban and suburban areas, the locomotive of trolley wire may interrupt because of the different reasons. It is the way to guarantee the reliability and the security of the power supply system by quickly fault detection and isolation. First of all, the tranditional overcurrent protection scheme is intensively reviewed. Then, an improved protection scheme and relay setting are proposed mainly by aid of IED which enbed with IEC 61850 communication capability. The logic programming, Zone Selective Interlocking(ZSI) and Breaker Failure Protection(BFP) functions will all present. Next, there are several methods aim to different locomotive power fedding scheme have been introduced to identify the fault location of trolly wire. Finally, an innovation intelligence double-ended method is proposed for direct power feeder scheme. The fault resistance and the traction load condition may impact the estimation of fault location. However, our innovation method can handle the mention possibility. The simulation shows that the fault location estimation error not more than 0.07%.
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