Journal articles on the topic 'Railway Accessibility'
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Guan, Hongzhi, Yuanfei Yin, Hai Yan, Yan Han, and Huanmei Qin. "Urban railway accessibility." Tsinghua Science and Technology 12, no. 2 (April 2007): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tst.2007.6076199.
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Kwiatkowska, Ewelina. "RAMS FOR RAILWAY TURNOUTS." Transportation Overview - Przeglad Komunikacyjny 2018, no. 7 (July 1, 2018): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_18_07_04.
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The Specification and Demonstration of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety is an important issue for the integration of the railway system in the European Union. Rail's analysis of railways shows the necessity to design railway lines with the safety and accessibility of railways. RAMS needs to maintain on the railway line the unsatisfactoriness and rigidity of subwoofer and the highest quality of maintenance and operation.
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Popovic, Zdenka, Ksenija Stevanovic, and Leposava Puzavac. "Railway terminals: Accessibility for persons with reduced mobility." Spatium, no. 20 (2009): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat0920060p.
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In the era of integration of all means of transport, there is revived interest in railway transport, which cannot any long exist as a transport system on its own or as an independent part within the growing cities. This renaissance of railway transport, and its integration with other means of transportation, led to a great production of exclusive terminals in recent days. High demands and investments related to these objects gathered together the most prominent architects and constructors, and as result offered a diversity of modern terminals, which integrate the static and dynamic character of the building into a unified whole, and celebrate new technologies and speed. Removal of barriers for customers, abundance of daylight, space filled with views, easy orientation and safe passage through space are some of the most important imperatives for modern railway terminals. Among other things this includes accessibility of railway infrastructure for persons with reduced mobility. The paper explores conditions for implementation of ?Technical Specification for Interoperability - People with Reduced Mobility? on Serbian Railways.
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Ye, Chong, Yanhong Zheng, Shanlang Lin, and Zhaoyang Zhao. "The Impact of High-Speed Railway Opening on Regional Economic Growth: The Case of the Wuhan–Guangzhou High-Speed Railway Line." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (September 10, 2022): 11390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811390.
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With the advent of the “ear of high-speed railways”, the space–time distance between cities has drastically decreased. The opening of high-speed railways has not only increased the factor-flow speed across regions, but has also reduced the cost of factor movement. However, there is some controversy about whether high-speed railways can be used to promote regional economic growth. The Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway is the earliest section of the Beijing–Guangzhou high-speed railway, and it was the first high-speed railway in China with a real speed of 350 km per hour. The Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway opening spawned a three-hour economic circle in the south of China, injected new vitality into the economic and social development along the line, and had an important impact on accelerating regional economic interoperability and integration. Taking this into account, this paper took the Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway as the case study. Firstly, this paper used the theory of system dynamics to analyze the mechanism of the impact of high-speed railway opening on regional economic growth. Secondly, the accessibility model was used to analyze the impact of the high-speed railway opening on the accessibility of cities along the line, and a difference-in-differences model (DID) was used to explore the impact of the high-speed railway opening on regional economic growth. Finally, on the basis of the analysis of the previous mechanism, the mechanism of the impact of the high-speed railway on regional economic growth is discussed. The results of this study show the following: (1) Since the opening of the high-speed railway, the accessibility of cities along the line has grown by more than 60%. (2) The opening of the high-speed railway has promoted regional economic growth, mainly through the influence mechanism of “increasing the total cargo volume”. This study not only scientifically and quantitatively analyzed the impact of the opening of high-speed rail on regional economic growth, taking the Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway as an example for empirical analysis, but also further summarized the high-speed railway construction achievements in China and provides reference experience for planning the opening of high-speed railways.
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Lin, Shanlang, and Tian Gan. "Does High-Speed Rail Promote Agglomeration in China?" Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (July 25, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6443204.
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This paper constructs the agglomeration model of crossregional labor flow and market accessibility based on the new economic geography model. Using panel data in 2000-2013, this paper examines the impact of high-speed railways on industrial agglomeration. The results show that high-speed railway significantly promotes the spatial agglomeration of industrial firms. The high-speed railway promotes industrial agglomeration by promoting crossregional mobility of industrial labor and improving market accessibility. We also construct the instrument variable based on HSR construction cost and apply the TSLS model to solve the potential endogenous problems. At the same time, PSM results also get the net effect caused by the repair of a high-speed railway, which verifies the robustness of the results.
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Zhang, Mengmeng, Jiang Xu, and Calvin King Lam Chung. "Politics of Scale, Bargaining Power and Its Spatial Impacts: Planning for Intercity Railways in the Pearl River Delta, China." China Quarterly 243 (January 29, 2020): 676–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030574101900153x.
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AbstractThe recent proliferation of China's railways has posed challenges to the dominance of the national-level railway authority on railway development. Since the 2000s, the planning of new railways has evolved into a politics of scale in which actors across multiple scales of government have bargained over railway alignment and station siting for their respective interests. This politics is shaped by the uneven bargaining powers of the contending state agents over railway planning. Interscalar division of regulatory oversight over strategic resources for railway development enables state agents at some scales to bargain more successfully, whereas variations in administrative and economic standing further differentiate the interscalar bargaining powers of municipal governments. Different results of bargaining across scales for each city have produced, as intercity railway planning in the Pearl River Delta illustrates, significant intercity variations in average travel times to the stations for the new railways that these cities share. Owing to the peculiar scalar distribution of the costs and benefits of the new railways, municipal governments with greater bargaining power have, contrary to traditional wisdom, bargained for less accessibility to intercity railway stations.
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Xiao, Zhongsheng, Baohua Mao, Qi Xu, Yue Chen, and Runbin Wei. "Reliability of Accessibility: An Interpreted Approach to Understanding Time-Varying Transit Accessibility." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2022 (June 16, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9380884.
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Variable traffic conditions cause travel time uncertainty and further lead to time-varying accessibility. Most current studies do not fully consider fluctuations in accessibility and use complicated methods that likely overestimate the level of accessibility and hinder the application of accessibility measures. To address this issue, we utilized large-scale open-source data and proposed an interpretation of the reliability of accessibility concept that incorporates reliability, travel time uncertainty, and a cumulative opportunity measure. We examined the reliability of accessibility to Shenzhen, a major city in China, focusing on transit accessibility and job opportunities. The results demonstrate that the reliability of accessibility displays a bimodal distribution along urban railway lines and can be used to calculate the impact of urban railways in terms of punctuality. The new approach illustrates time-varying characteristics in the form of probabilities and provides further guidance on accessibility for governments.
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Liang, Ying, Wei Song, and Xiaofeng Dong. "Evaluating the Space Use of Large Railway Hub Station Areas in Beijing toward Integrated Station-City Development." Land 10, no. 11 (November 19, 2021): 1267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10111267.
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With the large-scale construction of high-speed railways and the continuous increase in population flows, railway hubs are becoming the most dynamic places in cities. As a key node of intercity traffic and an important part of urban development, railway hub stations are the main carriers for the implementation of the Integrated Station-City Development (ISCD) strategy. A comprehensive evaluation of the space use of railway hub station areas can provide a basic understanding of the intensive utilization and optimization of urban space. However, existing relevant studies lack a comprehensive assessment of the compound structures and functions within large railway hub station areas at the microscopic level. Therefore, this paper was guided by integrated station-city development, relying on Geographic Information Science (GIS)technology, and big data such as Points of Interest (POI) and real-time traffic, focusing on walking accessibility, facility convenience, function compound, and land development intensity used around railway hub station areas. The uses of the station areas in four large railway hubs in Beijing were analyzed. Based on this, we built an ISCD index, combined with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, and assessed the degree of ISCD in the four railway hubs. The study showed that among the four large railway hubs in Beijing, the Beijing North railway station offers the best walking accessibility. The Beijing railway station features the largest facility convenience, function compound, and land development intensity. In general, the levels of ISCD of the Beijing and Beijing North Railway Stations were significantly higher than those of the Beijing West and Beijing South Railway Stations.
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Yang, Jun, Andong Guo, Xueming Li, and Tai Huang. "Study of the Impact of a High-Speed Railway Opening on China’s Accessibility Pattern and Spatial Equality." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (August 19, 2018): 2943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082943.
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China’s high-speed rail was inaugurated in 2008; it has greatly improved accessibility, and reduced the time required to travel between cities, but at the same time, has caused an unfair distribution of accessibility levels. Therefore, this paper analyzes urban traffic roads and socio-economic statistics, using network analysis methods, accessibility coefficients of variation, and social demand indexes to explore the spatial and temporal characteristics of transport accessibility and spatial equity in China. By 2015, the national transport accessibility level will form a new pattern of “corridors” and “islands”, centered on high-speed rail lines and sites. Additionally, the opening of high-speed railways has improved, to a certain extent, the inter-regional accessibility balance, and increased accessibility from high-speed railway sites to non-site cities. Spatial equality was also analyzed using the accessibility coefficient and social demand index. In conclusion, studying accessibility and spatial equity plays an important role in the rational planning of urban land resources and transportation.
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Zhao, Yun, and Xue Mei Li. "The Influence Prediction Model of High-Speed Railway Station Based on the Accessibility." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 2140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.2140.
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In recent years, high speed railway stations rapidly increase, and the effect of high-speed railway stations on social and economic appears gradually. The prediction of the influence has become a research focus in the social and economic theory. In this paper, based on the study of accessibility, the influence of high speed railway station to the accessibility of each regional is analyzed, and a dynamic model of the influence of high-speed railway station is built on the correlation of the accessibility and economic development, which forecast the influence of the high speed railway station in Beijing-shanghai. On the basis of prediction, this paper also discuss the correlated factors about the influence changes of high speed railway station, the result prove that the topology structure of high-speed railway line has significant contact with the influence changes of the station.
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Yang, Mian, and Y. J. Wang. "Modelling the Accessibility Classification of Railway Lines: A case study of Northeast China railway network." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 25, no. 5 (October 27, 2013): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v25i5.1214.
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A major problem addressed in railway network planning relates to distinguishing the role of the railway line in the network, and making a reasonable classification of the lines based on their role. Accessibility has been widely used to measure the role of transportation infrastructure in various studies, but few quantitative models for the classification of the role have been presented yet. In this paper, the line accessibility classification model is proposed, which aims to distinguish the role of railway lines in the network and to classify the lines into different grades. The practicability of the model is demonstrated through the case study of Northeast China railway network where the railway lines in Northeast China can be classified into three grades. The line accessibility classification model is supposed to be a strategic decision support tool for planners and policy makers to determine the classification of railway lines.
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Zhang, Kai Guang, Ming Ting Ba, and Hong Ling Meng. "Study on the Influence of High Speed Rail on Urban Accessibility in Henan Province." Applied Mechanics and Materials 858 (November 2016): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.858.305.
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Based on the traffic network in Henan province, the accessibility index is designed by using the population weighted average of inverse of time distance to evaluate the influence of the high-speed railway system on the city accessibilities, and the perfection degree of highway traffic system in the region. The results show that by the early 2016, the accessibility indexes generated by the highway traffic system have the characteristics of normal distribution with relatively obvious differences between cities and relatively unbalanced distribution pattern. The construction of high-speed railway has largely improved the city accessibility levels along the railway lines, makes overall provincial accessibility increasing more than 33.51 percent, and shortens the distance between the accessibility center and population distribution center. However, there is still long distance between them, as the southeast and southwest part in the province with very poor accessibility levels, which should be improved by further perfecting the highway traffic system in these areas in order to maintain a balanced regional economic development.
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Li, Li, Zhang Mengying, Shen Xin, Wang Xiaohong, and Wang Liang. "Research on the Integrated Development Strategy of Railway Tourism in Sichuan Province Considering the Accessibility of High-speed Rail and Tourist Attraction." E3S Web of Conferences 251 (2021): 02013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125102013.
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In response to targeted poverty alleviation, traffic + tourism and other national strategies, exploring the integration development direction of High-speed Railway and tourism in Sichuan Province, this article combed the railway tourism basic conditions of Sichuan Province, used mathematical statistics and kernel density estimation to study the spatial distribution of tourist resources and High-speed Railway. Based on urban nodes, the minimum travel time between nodes, the urban power, tourism resources and other elements, constructed travel accessibility time measurement model and attractive model, and used ArcGIS to compute the accessibility value of High-speed Railway and the coefficient of tourist attraction. Finally, for the regions with different tourism resource quality and the accessibility of High-speed Rail in Sichuan, based on the calculation results, the problem of rail tourism and the national policy, the High-speed Railway tourism plans and development strategies are proposed respectively.
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ZHANG, Xiling, and Yan ZHANG. "A Study on the Mechanism of High-Speed Railways’ Influences on Cities Along the Line." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 07, no. 03 (September 2019): 1950011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345748119500118.
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High-speed railway as a rapid and convenient modern means of transportation has increasingly been chosen as an important travel tool or even a preferred one for the travel of a specific distance. Based on the knowledge of distance attenuation rules and urban gravitational model, a high-speed railway will shorten the temporal distance between the cities along the line, and further shorten the psychological, social, economic and probability distances, thus resulting in the weak attenuation of economic and social distances between the cities and strengthening the correlation of these cities. It is the weak distance attenuation between the cities along a high-speed railway that highlights the accessibility, openness and node-based features of these cities, and jointly drives the alternation of energy for the development of these cities through the catalytic effects, distribution effects, integration effects and gradient effects of high-speed railways. The influences of high-speed railways on urban development can be surveyed at several stages. The governments as the planners and builders of high-speed railway lines, stations and related cities should take macroeconomic measures in a scientific manner, so as to make best of high-speed railway effects and guide the path of urban development towards an era of high-speed railways.
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Pérez, Emilio Ortega, Santiago Mancebo Quintana, and Isabel Otero Pastor. "Road and railway accessibility atlas of Spain." Journal of Maps 7, no. 1 (January 2011): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4113/jom.2011.1167.
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Fan, Jing, Ye Li, Yu Zhang, Xiao Luo, and Changxi Ma. "Connectivity and Accessibility of the Railway Network in China: Guidance for Spatial Balanced Development." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 7099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247099.
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Good connectivity and accessibility help to enhance the competitiveness of regions and countries. This research provides a detailed analysis of the connectivity and accessibility of the Chinese railway network. The studied period starts in 1949 and ends in 2017. The research scope covers the railway system of the entire country (except Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macao). Instead of focusing on main cities as research objects, this paper provides more detailed insights by using counties as the basic research units. The analysis shows that the achieved connectivity has been increasing continuously over the study period. Four accessibility indicators (temporal location indicator, weighted average travel time, daily accessibility, and potential indicator) provide comprehensive and complementary results, indicating that the most accessible cities and units are located in the southeastern part of the Hu line. In addition, higher economic level, or higher population density, is correlated with higher accessibility. Furthermore, the current network exhibits an unbalanced spatial distribution pattern, with an underdeveloped west. All the indicators show that the accessibility of the northwest and southwest regions is the lowest. Based on these conclusions, regional policy-making suggestions can be made to guide a rational railway network expansion and facilitate the equality and sustainable economic development of regions. The future railway system development is suggested to focus more on enhancing inner and inter-region communication in the west of China and attach importance to poverty-stricken counties in support of balanced regional growth and development. The railway development of the eastern regions needs to focus on optimizing the structure of the network as well as reasonably organizing railway routes.
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Song, Zekun, Haodong Li, and Jintang Shi. "A line planning approach based on harmony search for high-speed rail: From the perspective of service accessibility." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 1509–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-191866.
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Service accessibility can be used to describe the travel time of passengers between different nodes, and opportunities to get transportation services in the high-speed railway (HSR) system. Based on the traditional train line planning theory, this paper introduces the transportation service accessibility index, and propose a new nonlinear passenger train line planning model, which aims to maximize the service accessibility, as well as minimize the operational cost of railway company. The model is transformed into a single-objective model, and then we design a harmony search algorithm to solve it. Finally, the model is validated by a numerical example. The results of this model as well as the scenarios of the single-objective models for minimizing operational costs and maximizing service accessibility are compared. From the perspective of service frequency and accessibility of each nodes, we know that the proposed method can balance conflicts between average speed between large nodes and service frequency of small and medium size nodes in high-speed railway network.
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SOCZÓWKA, Piotr, and Renata ŻOCHOWSKA. "THE CLASSIFICATION OF RAILWAY STOPS AND STATIONS IN TERMS OF LAND USE STRUCTURE IN THEIR SURROUNDINGS." Transport Problems 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20858/tp.2022.17.1.15.
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Ensuring the high accessibility of railway stops and stations is essential to effective transport systems in urban areas. There are different ways to analyze accessibility at the station level. In this paper, it has been assumed that railway stops and stations should be located in places with significant demand for passenger rail transport characterized by a highly dense and diversity-rich land use structure. Therefore, the presented classification uses data on the built environment in the surroundings of these elements of the railway infrastructure, with particular attention to the type of each building. The analysis was performed for the Metropolis GZM area. Based on the gathered spatial data, railway stops and stations in the aspect of the density and diversity of the built environment in their vicinity were classified. This classification can be applied to the assessment of accessibility.
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Yin, Hong Yan. "Study of Traffic Accessibility in Poyang Lake Economic Zone Oriented by High-Speed Railway." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 1778–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1778.
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The high-speed railway framework can promote the harmonious development in the unbalanced regions. Based on construction experiences and spatial development of high-speed railway, the spatial effects were analyzed in traffic economic belt, regional balance, spatial organization reconfiguration and urban environment improvement. According to the high-speed rail plan of China, the traffic accessibility of spatial organization in Poyang lake economic zone were discussed in internal traffic accessibility and external traffic accessibility. The study results showed that the hub-and-spoke patterns of the spatial traffic organization reconfiguration in Poyang Lake agglomeration can realize the regional balance oriented by the high-speed railway. The patterns can be also applied to other underdeveloped and unbalanced regions.
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Bai, YaLan, Haowen Yan, and Liang Zhou. "Spatial structure evolution of China railway network in the past century." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-20-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> With rapid development of big data technologies urbanization, the railway networks have also developed rapidly. The optimization of various aspects of railway networks has become more and more important with the shift of main contradictions in our society. With more than one hundred years of development of China railway network expansion, especially under the driving of “one belt and one road”, China railway network is gradually mature. Up to now, the total length of China railways ranks second in the world, with a mileage of 127,000&thinsp;km. The spatial service scope of railway network has been further expanded and the structure has become more and more perfect, which has brought positive impacts on the development of all aspects of China. This paper analyzes the railways (lines) and stations (points) in five different development stages in China in the past 100 years, by means of spatial statistical and nuclear density analysis, based on which the spatial accessibility in different periods is calculated using cost distance analysis. The results show that the distribution of spatial pattern in Middle East region is higher than that in west region. The accessibility shows a significant difference between east and west, that the eastern region is superior to the western region. The difference of spatial pattern between the north and the south of Yangtze river is obvious. The overall spatial pattern presents a concentric structure, radiating from the North China region to the surrounding areas, and the reachable time from the North China region to the East China and Central South regions is gradually increasing.</p><p>The conclusions of the study are as follows:</p><p>(1) The coverage region of China railways has been expanded.Since the completion of the first self-built railway (Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway), the total length of China railways,has expanded from 5006.5&thinsp;km in 1911 to 127,000&thinsp;km in the end of 2017, which means it has increased by 253.6 times over 100 years, with an average annual growth rate of 1,1933.9&thinsp;km. The coverage of China Railways has expanded from 21 provinces in 1911 to all the provinces.</p><p>(2) The development of the time accessibility of the China railway network takes a favorable trend. The railway network has gradually improved,after more than 100 years’ development. In 1911, the number of prefecture-level stations connected by the China railway network was only 62. By 2000, 83.6% of prefecture-level stations in China had been connected, and the number of connected ground-level stations reached 276. In 2018, more than 3066 ground-level stations have been connected,reaching time reduced from 1030 hours in 1911 to 64 hours in 2018. For example, the time from Beijing to Shanghai was shortened from more than 30 hours to 4 hours, saving about 8 times than before. It provides an important guarantee for the exchange of information between various regions in China.</p><p>(3) The overall expansion of China railway network presents an expansion from the coastal areas to inland areas. A detailed analysis of the seven major economic zones shows the expansion is from Bohai Economic Zone to other economic zones. After five stages of development, the sites in the eastern, central and western regions accounted for 28%, 33% and 38% respectively of the total. The spatial distribution of the sites in the eastern, central and western regions gradually became balanced, but the degree of perfection still differed.</p>
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Mirvald, Stanislav. "Changes in Temporal Accessibility to Prague from Other Towns of Czech Socialist Republic." Geografie 94, no. 3 (1989): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie1989094030173.
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The article analyses the changes in the temporal accessibility to Prague from 13 important towns of Czech Socialist Republic in the period between 1960 and 1985. First of all the accessibility is analysed from the point of view of the railway transport and the individual motorcar transport. The paper compares recent changes in the road and railway transport.
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Dejeammes, Maryvonne. "Boarding Aid Devices for Disabled Passengers on Heavy Rail: Evaluation of Accessibility." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1713, no. 1 (January 2000): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1713-07.
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Because railway networks are widely developed in Europe, facilitating access to disabled passengers is a pressing issue. Steps and gaps at the entrance doors are barriers to people in wheelchairs and to people with walking difficulties. Because of the difference between platform and car floor heights, level access is not available, and boarding aid devices are necessary for disabled passengers to bridge steps or gaps. A literature survey is presented, the practices of European railways are discussed, and relevant factors for choosing the most appropriate and convenient devices for boarding and alighting train cars are analyzed. Recommendations are suggested for near-term enhancements.
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Wang, Lina, Xiang Li, Linfang Ding, Xinkai Yu, and Tao Hu. "Visualization and Analysis of Transport Accessibility Changes Based on Time Cartograms." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 8 (August 1, 2022): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11080432.
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Visualization of the spatial distribution pattern of transport accessibility and its changes can be crucial for understanding and assessing the performance of transportation systems. Compared to traditional maps representing geographic space, time cartograms modify geographic locations and spatial relationships to suit travelling times and thereby emphasize time–distance relationships in time-space. This study aims to facilitate a better understanding of the evolution of the spatial distribution pattern of accessibility by presenting a novel visualization and analysis methodology based on time cartograms. This is achieved by combining a visual qualitative display with a quantitative indicator analysis from multiple perspectives to show transport accessibility changes. Two indicators, namely, the shortest railway travel time (STRT) and spatiotemporal con-version parameter (STCP), are proposed to measure accessibility changes. Our work consists of the construction of time cartograms, the analysis of indicators, and the use of multiple views to show changes in transportation accessibility from multiple perspectives. The methodology is applied on the railway data of Beijing and selected 226 cities in China and to analyze changes in railway accessibility in 1996, 2003, 2009 and 2016. The results show that the development of transportation technology has continuously shortened the travel time, the time-space is gradually compressed, However, the difference in transport accessibility is getting bigger and bigger because of the uneven transportation development speeds between the regions.
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Zou, Mengzhi, Changyou Li, and Yanni Xiong. "Analysis of Coupling Coordination Relationship between the Accessibility and Economic Linkage of a High-Speed Railway Network Case Study in Hunan, China." Sustainability 14, no. 13 (June 21, 2022): 7550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14137550.
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The construction of a high-speed railway is important to the transportation network and economic development of a region. To further understand the interaction between accessibility and urban economic linkage in the context of high-speed railway networks, this study investigated the spatial and temporal changes in the coupling coordination between accessibility and economic linkage after a high-speed railway was opened in Hunan Province, China, using a coupling coordination model. The aim of this research is to explore the role that high-speed rail construction plays in regional development. Results indicate that (1) after the high-speed railway was opened, the accessibility of cities in Hunan Province has improved significantly, although the overall pattern has not changed by much. This is because it still shows a radiation pattern, with the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan urban agglomeration at its core, which has subsequently spread to surrounding areas; (2) the improvement in urban accessibility has strengthened the economic linkages between cities, and the overall spatial pattern has gradually evolved from a point-axis pattern to a network pattern. The bipolar trend of total regional economic linkage has become more pronounced than what it was before; (3) the overall coordination degree of accessibility and economic linkage coupling in Hunan Province is primary coupling, and the phenomenon of regional polarization is prominent, thus showing the overall spatial pattern of ‘strong in the east and weak in the west.’ Further strengthening the construction of the high-speed railway in the northern part of Hunan, promoting the economic construction in the western and southern parts of Hunan, and building a spatial pattern of synergistic integration for Hunan’s continued transportation and economic development are suggested.
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Zuo, Jing, Mengxing Shang, and Jianwu Dang. "Research on the Optimization Model of Railway Emergency Rescue Network Considering Space-Time Accessibility." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (November 4, 2022): 14503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114503.
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The capability of railway emergency rescue can be enhanced by maintaining the railway emergency rescue network and upgrading its technology. Nowadays, influenced by the factors, such as resource type, personnel distribution, line level, etc., space-time differences may be unavoidable. In the meantime, the general description method of the transportation network may lack the consideration of the rescue transportation particularity, so the strategies of resource allocation, maintenance, and upgrading could be illogical. Hence, in this paper, the gravity model is utilized to improve the classical travel time budget model and to construct the space-time accessibility model, firstly. Then, further exploring the space-time accessibility of nodes and edges of railway emergency rescue network and considering the randomness of travel time, a space-time accessibility measurement method for an emergency network is proposed. Moreover, a global optimization model with accessibility characteristics is then constructed for the maintenance allocation of the emergency rescue transportation network. The results show that the proposed method can solve the maintenance allocation problem of the large-scale rescue network effectively, reduce the risk of maintenance allocation strategy failure caused by unreasonable node index parameters, and provide an effective basis and theoretical support for the rational formulation of railway rescue transportation network maintenance allocation strategy.
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Giannopoulos, G. A., and G. A. Boulougaris. "Definition of accessibility for railway stations and its impact on railway passenger demand." Transportation Planning and Technology 13, no. 2 (February 1989): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03081068908717392.
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Oppido, Stefania, and Stefania Ragozino. "Abandoned Railways, Renewed Pathways: Opportunities for Accessing Landscapes." Advanced Engineering Forum 11 (June 2014): 424–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.11.424.
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The abandonment of railway lines and station buildings is the outcome of social, economic and technological developments that have changed the local infrastructure systems. Unlike many European nations, in Italy the strategic role of these resources is still undervalued.The paper proposes a methodological approach aimed at achieving the valorisation of railways and station buildings network through integrated actions. The disused railways are potential new pathways and the abandoned stations provide available spaces for new activities, supporting sustainable local development and regeneration processes. Considering disused railways and stations as integrated parts of a system, they can improve the accessibility of environmental, cultural and historical resources network.The proposed methodological approach identifies categories of variables adopting to face up to the case of the disused railway of Cancello-Torre Annunziata in the South of Italy. The International Competition of ideas "Green Boulevard - Parkways of the 3rd millennium" has been the occasion to confront with the research object through a planning testing that has successfully proved and won an award.
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Bohman, Helena, and Désirée Nilsson. "Borrowed sizes: A hedonic price approach to the value of netowrk structure in public transport systems." Journal of Transport and Land Use 14, no. 1 (January 18, 2021): 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2021.1664.
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Property prices are known to be higher in places with high accessibility, such as in proximity to train stations and especially to commuter rail, than in places without this access. This study provides a better understanding of how regional accessibility, through the structure of railway networks, can influence local agglomeration economies by providing accessibility to large labor markets. Previous literature has shown a positive impact of proximity to railway stations on housing prices, and our study adds to the literature by analyzing the impact of network structure. We argue that public transport systems can support the benefits of city networks in line with Alonso’s concept of borrowed sizes (1973). Using network theory to measure accessibility provided by the network, we show that stations that provide accessibility to large labor markets across the region are perceived as more attractive by households. Cities in proximity to other cities are strengthened through their public transport links, which allow agglomeration benefits to be exploited by residents.
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Chung, Sung Bong, and Baek Kyu Namkung. "Estimation of Improved Accessibility Benefit for New Railway Station." Journal of the Korean Society for Railway 22, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7782/jksr.2019.22.2.188.
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Gierczak-Korzeniowska, Beata. "Dostępność transportowa aglomeracji rzeszowskiej w kontekście realizowanych i planowanych inwestycji w infrastrukturze kolejowej." Prace Komisji Geografii Komunikacji PTG 23, no. 5 (2020): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2543859xpkg.20.031.13248.
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The article discusses the importance of investments in railway infrastructure for improving the transport accessibility of the Rzeszów agglomeration. For an intensively developing and expanding Rzeszów agglomeration, accessibility plays a key role not only in determining the value of residential and commercial real estate but, above all, in meeting the needs related to the mobility of the region’s inhabitants from one place to another (e.g. to work or school). Therefore, transport accessibility is an important element of spatial organization and has a significant impact on the level and pace of the socio-economic development in the region. The paper consists of a theoretical part and a case study characterising several investment projects in the railway transport infrastructure. The aim of the article is to present the impact planned and implemented investments in rail transport to improvement of accessibility, and thus the level and quality of life of the inhabitants of the Rzeszów agglomeration. The considerations were supplemented with an attempt to assess the current transport accessibility in the region and the changes that will occur as a result of the implemented investments.
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Zhou, Yuyang, Minhe Zhao, Songtao Tang, William H. K. Lam, Anthony Chen, N. N. Sze, and Yanyan Chen. "Assessing the Relationship between Access Travel Time Estimation and the Accessibility to High Speed Railway Station by Different Travel Modes." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 22, 2020): 7827. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187827.
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This paper aims to fill the research gap of the relationship between the access travel time (ATT) estimation and the accessibility to high speed railway (HSR) station. A regression analysis was developed on the basis of risk-return model to analyze the access travel time estimation error (ATTEE). The data sources were 1595 valid interview survey data at Beijing South Railway Station (BSRS), China in October 2016. The factors and scenarios included travel mode, departure time, and travel date, etc. The coefficients of ATT estimation were obtained by different travel modes. The results showed that the expected access travel time (EATT) has positive linear correlation with the actual access travel time (AATT). Accessibility was calculated by the ratio of AATT to EATT. The accessibility coefficients ranged from 0.89 to 1.38 in different travel modes, departure time, and travel dates. A smaller coefficient indicates better travel time reliability and accessibility. This study not only provides a useful tool to estimate the travel time budget required for access to HSR station, but also establishes a connection with the accessibility and ATTEE. It offers an opportunity to estimate ATT to HSR stations by different modes of transport, which can help to better understand how the accessibility of the feeder transport changes at different time periods.
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Eliasson, Jonas, Fredrik Kopsch, Svante Mandell, and Mats Wilhelmsson. "Transport Mode and the Value of Accessibility–A Potential Input for Sustainable Investment Analysis." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (March 10, 2020): 2143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12052143.
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Accessibility plays an essential role in determining real estate prices and land use. An understanding of how accessibility and changes in accessibility influence real estate prices is key to making decisions regarding investments in infrastructure projects. From an accessibility point of view, it is not clear that there should be differences in valuation depending on the mode of public transport, road, or rail. There are, however, other differences that may affect real estate prices differently. For example, railway stations more often than bus stations, tend to be associated with a higher level of service. In addition, an investment in a railway station may signal a long-term decision from the policymaker. A third possible explanation concerns differences in perceived safety, comfort, and security. This paper aims to study if and how capitalization of accessibility differs between modes of transportation. The findings indicate that rail has a higher impact, both for single-family and multifamily houses. The implication of these findings may be of importance for future infrastructure investments and their corresponding cost-benefit analyses. Incorrect valuations of the benefits of infrastructure investments may result in sub-optimal investments.
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Kozłowska, Małgorzata Klaudia, and Karol Kalinka. "The activities of local governments units in the field of a development of local railway transport." Transportation Overview - Przeglad Komunikacyjny 2018, no. 3 (March 1, 2018): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_18_03_05.
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Recently, the representatives of local governments units are becoming interested in a development of local railway transport. The authorities of the local governments units perceive in the advancement of railway infrastructure an opportunity for the development of local public transport. At the same time, the growth of railway infrastructure entails further, suitable investments in the region. The local and regional authorities, using EU funds, plan in the direct vicinity of railway infrastructure, a number of investments resulting in the improvement of its quality, accessibility and convenience. Thus, the development of the local railway transport has a positive effect on the dynamic development of the region and increase its investment attractiveness.
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Grzegorek, Michal. "The analysis of the rail accessibility to the health resorts in the Dolnośląskie and Malopolskie voivodships." Transportation Overview - Przeglad Komunikacyjny 2019, no. 10 (November 1, 2019): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_19_10_03.
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The article concerns railway access to spas of two voivodeships in the southern part of Poland. The author conducted surveys in spas to identify traits that in the eyes of the patients are developmental factors of the railway. The content of railway timetables in terms of travel time to spas and frequency of connections was also analyzed. The idea of an original typology of health resorts is being developed in terms of accessibility by rail. Four types of spas were distinguished: neighborly communication, poor reachability, unused opportunity and tourist expansion.
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Matuška, Jaroslav. "RAILWAY SYSTEM ACCESSIBILITY EVALUATION FOR WHEELCHAIR USERS: CASE STUDY IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC." Transport 32, no. 1 (August 28, 2014): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2014.941396.
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This paper deals with accessibility of rail transportation as a system. Presented methods bring ways of rail infrastructure and train accessibility evaluation. Applied two-stage model enables evaluation of departure halls accessibility. The level of train accessibility is defined by coefficients of time and direction non-uniformity. While opportunities for barrier-free travelling are relatively balanced in monitored regions, coefficients show a time imbalance in the results. Opportunity to travel barrier-free (according to the non-uniformity coefficients) shows that there are fluctuations at weekends and on weekdays. These are not of crucial importance. However, the train services are barrier-free particularly for travelling on long distances, whilst suburban and regional ones are still mostly inaccessible for wheelchairs, which is not very favourable. Since 2010 the accessibility level has improved in this area in the Czech Republic. Comparison with neighbouring countries showed strong and weak points of guaranteed barrier-free services in each country.
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Merkushev, S. A. "PASSENGER RAILWAY COMMUNICATION AND ATTRACTIVITY OF OUTER ZONES OF RUSSIAN MILLIONAIRE CITIES." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Biology. Earth Sciences 31, no. 1 (April 5, 2021): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9518-2021-31-1-97-110.
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The author interprets the transport accessibility of the outer zones of the cities and attractors located in them as the most important condition for the successful development of the city, excluding the socio-spatial segregation of the urban environment. The article reveals the role of railway in ensuring this accessibility in 14 millionaire cities in Russia. As a result, the paper studies six groups of cities according to the integral indicator. They differ in the level of development of railway communication, which connects the outer zones with each other and with the center. The most favorable situation is typical for Volgograd, Kazan and Yekaterinburg (first group), the least - for Chelyabinsk (sixth group). The author reveals essential differences within the three groups based on comparing the values of indicators of the provision of general urban attractors with railway traffic and the degree of its uniformity. Among the five cities with a high and increased level of development of railway communication, only Yekaterinburg has a relatively high and relatively uniform provision of attractors of external zones with this type of the transport. In most cities, where the level of development of railway communication is below average, it provides attractors relatively evenly, but not enough.
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Yin, Hong Ling, Dong Xu Cui, and Song Kai Li. "Analysis on the Site Location and Impact Factors of the High-Speed Rail Station - As a Case of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Rail Stations." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 1631–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1631.
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The site location has the crucial influence on the success of high-speed railway station area. Based on the site location type of high-speed railway station, this article analyzes the characteristics different types as a case of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail stations. At last it puts forwards that the accessibility, demands for land and urban coordination are the main factors affecting the station location from both internal and external factors of the site location of high-speed railway station.
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Rolando, Andrea, and Alessandro Scandiffio. "Multimodal Access to Minor Places in Heritage-Rich Landscapes: GIS Mapping to Define Slow-Tourism Routes from the Stations in the Railway Networks in-between Turin and Milan." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 25, 2022): 15723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315723.
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The extraordinary richness of the natural and built heritage, widespread in the landscape which surrounds infrastructures, allows searching for new ways to access the places in a more sustainable way, by exploiting multimodal accessibility between train and bike. The current research shows how the territories in-between the cities of Turin and Milan, characterized by a complex historical landscape, could be enhanced in terms of sustainable tourism by exploiting the potential of the existing railway network and the widespread network of local roads, which make many unique places in these territories easily accessible. A GIS method based on a quantitative approach has been defined, to perform the spatial analysis by mapping the most significant nodes in the railway network, in the most attractive heritage areas localized in the surrounding landscape of infrastructures, to trace slow-tourism routes which can be used both by inhabitants and tourists to move across places in a more sustainable way. The research finds the most attractive heritage areas in the surroundings of local railways, and maps slow-tourism routes that connect local railway stations to surrounding heritage, within 15 min of cycling. The GIS-based method can support decision makers in the definition of new territorial development strategies, with the aim of enhancing the livelihood of the inner and fragile areas of the country that are crossed by the railways.
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Hartog, Nils den, and Martin Brinkhuis. "Accessibility for the 19th century Naarden-Bussum railway station, Netherlands." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage 169, no. 3 (August 2016): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jenhh.15.00032.
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Yang, Lan, Sunyong Eom, and Tsutomu Suzuki. "Measuring railway network performance considering accessibility levels in cities worldwide." Journal of Transport Geography 96 (October 2021): 103211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103211.
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Kim, Si Gon, and Ye Up Mun. "Railway Investment and Operation combined with Accessibility and Transfer Systems." Journal of The Korean Society of Civil Engineers 36, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12652/ksce.2016.36.1.0129.
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Wen, Qiangwei, Canli Qiao, and Jian Jiang. "Analysis on the Impact of Zhengzhou-Xi’an High Speed Railway on Local Economy." BCP Business & Management 17 (February 23, 2022): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v17i.347.
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This paper analyzes the ways and mechanism of the impact of high-speed railway on local economy, and summarizes the impact of the construction and operation of high-speed railway on local economy as four positive effects: agglomeration effect, diffusion effect, urbanization and regional economic integration, and a negative effect of siphon effect. Taking Zhengxi high-speed railway as an example, using different quantitative calculation methods, this paper analyzes the three effects of agglomeration effect, diffusion effect and urbanization, and finds that the accessibility and economic volume of cities along the line have been greatly improved before and after the opening of high-speed railway.
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Caset, Freke, Filipe Marques Teixeira, Ben Derudder, Kobe Boussauw, and Frank Witlox. "Planning for nodes, places and people in Flanders and Brussels: Developing an empirical railway station assessment model for strategic decision-making." Journal of Transport and Land Use 12, no. 1 (November 22, 2019): 811–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2019.1483.
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Against the backdrop of current policy discussions in Flanders dealing with differentiated urban development schemes for strategic railway stations, this paper develops an empirical railway station assessment tool. We build on the node-place modeling literature, and more specifically on the tradition of quantitative station assessment models which has emerged from it. First, a series of methodological contributions are proposed in which we suggest strategies to improve the analytical strength of some standard node-place parameters, we broaden the model with temporal variability in accessibility, and we complement the model with a user-based accessibility account. Second, the conceptual model is applied to the case of Flanders and Brussels (the north of Belgium). Drawing on factor and cluster analysis, two intelligible station typologies are produced for both node-place and user-based data. Both typologies are interpreted and complemented with station-specific rose diagrams summarizing a station’s accessibility profile. These diagrams reveal insightful and detailed knowledge about station-specific accessibility characteristics, some of which are not captured by standard node-place analyses. Lastly, a more in-depth discussion focusing on five exemplary cases reveals what the results of these analyses may mean for planning practice.
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Gallo, Mariano, and Rosa Anna La La Rocca. "The Impact of High-Speed Rail Systems on Tourist Attractiveness in Italy: Regression Models and Numerical Results." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (October 25, 2022): 13818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142113818.
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This paper evaluates the impact of high-speed rail systems on tourist attractiveness in Italy. The analysis is carried out with reference to provincial capitals, only some of which are served by high-speed railway lines. To achieve this objective, two multiple linear regression models were specified and calibrated, which relate arrivals and presences in accommodation facilities to several factors that could influence the tourist destination: cultural, historical, and monumental heritage, commercial activities, recreational activities, accessibility, etc. Both models showed that the availability of high-speed railway services is an important factor in the choice of tourist destination, being, moreover, the only accessibility variable found to be significant; furthermore, the elasticity of tourist demand to this factor was significant too.
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Fan, Jing, Hironori Kato, Xinghua Liu, Ye Li, Changxi Ma, Liang Zhou, and Mingzhang Liang. "High-Speed Railway Network Development, Inter-County Accessibility Improvements, and Regional Poverty Alleviation: Evidence from China." Land 11, no. 10 (October 20, 2022): 1846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101846.
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The rapid expansion of the high-speed railway (HSR) network in China has significantly shortened the space–time distance between cities. China is striving to enter an anti-poverty era, which is increasing the importance of research on the poverty reduction effect created by upgrading transportation infrastructure, in particular, HSR development. Describing the characteristics of accessibility and the mechanisms by which that accessibility reduces poverty could provide the insights needed for determining suitable anti-poverty paths. By using data for 2341 counties and equivalents in China during 2007–2018, this study analyses the railway accessibility improvements and the poverty reduction effect created by HSR development. On average, HSR in China contributed to a significant increase in potential economic accessibility (317.8%) and a decrease in weighted average travel time (39.9%) for counties. Based on accessibility calculations, the Theil index was used to measure the disparity level of regional accessibility and regional poverty measured based on the income of rural residents. The results indicate that HSR leads to an increase in inequality in terms of travel time and potential economic accessibility at a national level. Pearson coefficients reveal a strong correlation between disparities in accessibility and in rural income among provinces. Furthermore, using the full sample, and sub-samples of poor and non-poor counties in China, the association between regional accessibility and poverty was examined by using two-way fixed effect models and spatial econometric models. The estimated results show that a 1% improvement in potential economic accessibility leads to an aggregate rural income improvement of 0.03–0.17%; the ratio of rural income to urban income increases by 0.04–0.12% and a larger effect is observed in poor counties. The weighted average travel time reduction also leads to improvement in rural income and reduction in the urban–rural income gap. The empirical results obtained by different robust test methods, including different sample groups, different estimated methods and accessibility indicators, are shown to be robust. These findings can help transportation departments formulate poverty-alleviation-oriented transportation planning and investment policies and inform future policies for countries planning to construct HSRs.
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Pawlik, M. "Analyse of the Challenges for Safe Transition from Individual Intraoperable Railway Systems to the Single European Interoperable Railway System." Archives of Civil Engineering 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ace-2015-0114.
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AbstractDue to different reasons a significant modal shift from railway to road transport took place over last decades. The basic reasons are pointed in the paper introduction together with contradicting transport policy taking into account environmental and economical challenges. Political vision to stimulate modal shift from road and air to railway cannot become true without achieving railway technical and operational interoperability. Paper describes wide range of technical barriers between individual intraoperable railway systems in civil engineering structures, traction power supply, control command and signalling and the ways, which are being applied to ensure stepwise converging of the technical solutions taking into account safety and technical compatibility, as well as other essential requirements, namely: reliability, accessibility, health and environment.
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Shao, Zhiguo, Li Zhang, Chuanfeng Han, and Lingpeng Meng. "Measurement and Prediction of Urban Land Traffic Accessibility and Economic Contact Based on GIS: A Case Study of Land Transportation in Shandong Province, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 22 (November 11, 2022): 14867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214867.
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As the basic support of regional economic and social development, land transportation is one of the important engines to promote regional development, and its construction and improvement will have an important impact on the regional economic pattern. Based on the road network of Shandong Province, China, in 2020, according to the Medium and Long-term Development Plan of Comprehensive Transportation Network of Shandong Province (2018–2035), this paper uses the GIS network analysis method, weighted average travel time, modified gravity model and other methods to study the land traffic accessibility and economic relation intensity of prefecture-level cities in Shandong Province, China, in 2020 and 2035. The results show that the distribution of land traffic accessibility in Shandong Province, China, shows a certain regional main road pointing characteristic in 2020, and the urban accessibility level gradually decreases along the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway and Jinan-Qingdao high-speed railway to the periphery. In 2035, the land traffic accessibility of Shandong Province, China, will be more spatially distributed as “concentric circles”. From 2020 to 2035, the urban land traffic accessibility and the balance of economic contact in Shandong Province, China, will be improved significantly. The research results can provide a theoretical reference for optimizing the traffic network pattern and promoting urban economic contact in Shandong Province, China.
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Dronova, E., and E. Boklag. "THE IMPACT OF THE KYIV TRANSPORT SYSTEM ON CITIZENS LIFE AND MOBILITY." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, no. 66-67 (2017): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2017.66.14.
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The features of the socio-geographic research of urban transport systems impact on the people vital functions are disclosed in this paper. The indicators of transport networks development and current requirements for public transport are analyzed. It is revealed that a key concept of the investigation of transport impact on the population is accessibility. Accessibility is defined as the ability of individual to access to certain centers or services. It involves such aspects as services availability and quality, travel time, cost and effort of movement in space. Article emphasizes that the indigents suffer the cumulative effect of poor transport accessibility, because of their habitats in low-price neighborhoods are often located far from the places of employment or services. The high cost of transportation and required high travel efforts restricts mobility. The map of travel time accessibility to the Kyiv center by public transport was created using the isochronous method. The analysis of this map allows identifying the disparities in the development of the transport network. In some areas a very low accessibility can be revealed due to lack of access roads, land forms complexity, individual housing system, the airport location, railway lines with insufficient number of bridges etc. Particularly difficult situation is typical for such areas as Darnytskyi Railway Carriage Repair Plant region, Juliani, Troyeshchyna and Borschagivka. The average daily passenger traffic flow of the stations of three subway lines in Kiev was analyzed. The maximum and minimum loads and factors that affect them are considered. It is revealed in the research that Kiev transport system has a low level of availability, safety, environmental friendliness and comfort and not enough advantageous for persons with disabilities. The excessive level of automobilization in Kiev can be considered as the evidence of imperfection and inconvenience of the public transport there. From the other hand the motorized vehicles are a factor that displaces public transport from the urban transport system and prevent its development. The priority measures for the improvement of transport situation in Ukraine capital are outlined. They include solving the problem of Dnipro river bridges congestion; enhancement the accessibility of areas cut off by railways in the way of expanding the network of overpasses; construction of the new modes of high-speed light-rail transit; adoption of the traffic automated management system; development and encouragement of the use of environmentally sound forms of transport (vehicles powered by electricity or alternative fuels, etc.).
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Kotavaara, Ossi, Harri Antikainen, and Jarmo Rusanen. "Urbanization and Transportation in Finland, 1880–1970." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 42, no. 1 (June 2011): 89–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_a_00206.
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Analysis based on historical geographical information systems (hgis) databases can be used to trace the relationship between railway infrastructure and population change in Finland from 1880 to 1970. The use of accessibility calculations, statistical analyses, and gis reveals that Finland's population was almost evenly distributed in 1880, when railway development began, but that immigration to cities was well underway by 1970, when motorization by road was rapidly becoming the primary form of transportation.
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Никитина, Кристина Игоревна. "ON ACCESSIBILITY OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE AND RAIL TRANSPORT SERVICES FOR CONSUMERS WITH DISABILITIES (LEGAL ASPECTS)." Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия: Право, no. 2(70) (June 30, 2022): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26456/vtpravo/2022.2.157.
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Рассматриваются правовые аспекты доступности транспортной инфраструктуры и услуг железнодорожного транспорта для потребителей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья. В работе установлено, что в ряде случаев инфраструктура и услуги железнодорожного транспорта не приспособлены для пассажиров с ограниченными возможностями здоровья и нуждаются в приведении в соответствие с требованиями законности, разумности и справедливости. Сделан акцент на том, что маломобильные группы населения относятся к льготной категории граждан и не могут в силу ограничения своей жизнедеятельности пользоваться транспортной инфраструктурой и услугами железнодорожного сообщения наравне с обычными пассажирами. The article deals with the legal aspects of the accessibility of transport infrastructure and railway transport services for consumers with disabilities. The author concludes that in some cases the infrastructure and services of railway transport are not adapted for passengers with disabilities and need to be brought into line with the requirements of law, reasonableness and fairness. Particular attention is drawn to the fact that people with limited mobility belong to the privileged category of citizens and, due to the limitation of their life, cannot use the transport infrastructure and railway services on an equal basis with ordinary passengers.