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Journal articles on the topic 'Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Alashban, Yazeed, and Nasser Shubayr. "OCCUPATIONAL DOSE ASSESSMENT FOR NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND RADIOTHERAPY TECHNOLOGISTS IN SAUDI ARABIA." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 195, no. 1 (June 2021): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncab112.

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Abstract This study estimated the occupational radiation dose received by nuclear medicine and radiotherapy technologists in Saudi Arabia. A retrospective analysis of personal dosemetry data of 1243 nuclear medicine and radiotherapy technologists from 28 medical centers across Saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2019 was conducted. Thermoluminescent dosemeters were employed to monitor the occupational radiation dose. For the study period, the average annual values for nuclear medicine and radiotherapy technologists were found to be 1.22 mSv (SD = 1.00 mSv) and 0.73 mSv (SD = 0.40 mSv) for Hp(10) and 1.23 mSv (SD = 1.07 mSv) and 0.72 mSv (SD = 0.41 mSv) for Hp(0.07), respectively. The work routines of nuclear medicine technologists cause them to be exposed to higher radiation doses than radiotherapy technologists. The occupational doses for all technologists were found to be below the annual dose limits, which indicates satisfactory working conditions in terms of radiation protection.

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2

Wu, Sing-yung, and George Juler. "Thyroid Disease: Endocrinology, Surgery, Nuclear Medicine, and Radiotherapy." Thyroid 1, no. 4 (January 1991): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/thy.1991.1.369.

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3

Gharib, Hossein. "Thyroid Disease: Endocrinology, Surgery, Nuclear Medicine, and Radiotherapy." Mayo Clinic Proceedings 66, no. 2 (February 1991): 226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-6196(12)60503-5.

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4

&NA;. "Thyroid Disease. Endocrinology, Surgery, Nuclear Medicine, and Radiotherapy." Endocrinologist 8, no. 3 (May 1998): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019616-199805000-00016.

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5

Stoffer, Sheldon S. "Thyroid Disease: Endocrinology, Surgery, Nuclear Medicine, and Radiotherapy." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 265, no. 13 (April 3, 1991): 1741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1991.03460130133037.

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6

Mountz, James M. "Thyroid Disease, Endocrinology, Surgery, Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy." Clinical Nuclear Medicine 16, no. 11 (November 1991): 878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003072-199111000-00024.

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7

Volpé, Robert. "Thyroid disease: Endocrinology, surgery, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy." Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism 3, no. 1 (January 1992): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1043-2760(92)90093-g.

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8

GURLL, NELSON. "Thyroid Disease: Endocrinology, Surgery, Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy, Second Edition." Annals of Surgery 229, no. 3 (March 1999): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000658-199903000-00020.

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9

Van de Wiele, Christophe, Christophe Lahorte, Wim Oyen, Otto Boerman, Ingeborg Goethals, Guido Slegers, and Rudi Andre Dierckx. "Nuclear medicine imaging to predict response to radiotherapy: a review." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 55, no. 1 (January 2003): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3016(02)04122-6.

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10

Gluckman, Jack L. "Thyroid disease: endocrinology, surgery, nuclear medicine, and radiotherapy (ed 2)." American Journal of Otolaryngology 19, no. 3 (May 1998): 220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-0709(98)90094-1.

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11

Mastin, Suzanne. "Thyroid disease: Endocrinology, surgery, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy, second edition." Head & Neck 20, no. 4 (July 1998): 359–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0347(199807)20:4<359::aid-hed13>3.0.co;2-d.

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12

Modzelewski, R., D. Gensanne, S. Hapdey, P. Gouel, P. Vera, and S. Thureau. "How to work together between nuclear medicine and radiotherapy departments?" Cancer/Radiothérapie 24, no. 5 (August 2020): 358–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canrad.2020.02.011.

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13

Watkinson, John C. "Book Review: Thyroid Disease: Endocrinology, Surgery, Nuclear Medicine, and Radiotherapy." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 109, no. 4 (October 1993): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989310900432.

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14

Schütze, C., M. Krause, A. Yaromina, D. Zips, and M. Baumann. "Nuklearmedizin trifft Strahlentherapie." Nuklearmedizin 49, S 01 (2010): S11—S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1626533.

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SummaryRadiobiological and cell biological knowledge is increasingly used to further improve local tumour control or to reduce normal tissue damage after radiotherapy. Important research areas are evolving which need to be addressed jointly by nuclear medicine and radiation oncology. For this differences of the biological distribution of diagnostic and therapeutic nuclides compared with the more homogenous dose-distribution of external beam radiotherapy have to be taken into consideration. Examples for interdisciplinary biology-based cancer research in radiation oncology and nuclear medicine include bioimaging of radiobiological parameters characterizing radioresistance, bioimage-guided adaptive radiotherapy, and the combination of radiotherapy with molecular targeted drugs.

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15

Borm, Kai J., Kilian Schiller, Rebecca Asadpour, and Stephanie E. Combs. "Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Radiotherapy." Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging 29, no. 3 (June 2020): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/rmr.0000000000000244.

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16

Matsubara, Hiroaki, and Hiroaki Matsubara. "CIEDs (cardiac implantable electronic devices) error due to neutrons from X-ray therapy equipment." Impact 2021, no. 5 (June 7, 2021): 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2021.5.31.

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Interdisciplinary collaboration is necessary for the advancement of medicine. A lack of collaboration can lead to misconceptions and a lack of theoretical understanding, which can affect the care afforded to patients. With the right collaborations between scientists in fields outside of medicine, misconceptions can be corrected and understanding improved. Assistant Professor Hiroaki Matsubara, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Japan, is a nuclear physicist who is applying his skills and expertise to advance the field of medicine. Nuclear physics is used in several key techniques and tools in medicine such as X-rays and radiotherapy. Matsubara is interested in the issues that can arise in patients with implanted cardiac devices that require radiotherapy. The radiation from radiotherapy can affect the proper functioning of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), leading to dangerous malfunctions, even when the tumour being targeted is far from the heart. From gathering data from clinical settings and running tests in non-clinical environments Matsubara found that there was no correlation between photon exposure levels and device malfunction, which suggested another source of malfunction arising after radiotherapy. Using his nuclear expertise, he was able to uncover the source of CIED malfunction following radiotherapy.

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17

Falzone, Nadia, Rebecca Gregory, Matthew Aldridge, Samantha YA Terry, and Glenn Flux. "Clinical trials in molecular radiotherapy—Tribulations and Triumphs Report of the NCRI CTRad meeting held at the Lift Islington, 8 June 2018." British Journal of Radiology 92, no. 1100 (August 2019): 20190117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20190117.

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It has been almost a decade since the commentary Molecular radiotherapy — the radionuclide raffle? by Gaze and Flux (2010). The overarching feeling then was that no individual or organisation has taken up the challenge, nationally or internationally, of championing molecular targeted radionuclide therapy in all its aspects. Here, we report on the recent NCRI–CTRad (Clinical Trials in Molecular Radiotherapy–Tribulations and Triumphs) meeting, held in London on the 8 June 2018. The meeting was organized by the NCRI–CTRad to review the challenges and opportunities for clinical trials in molecular radiotherapy, particularly focussing on investigator-led trials that incorporate imaging and dosimetry, and to discuss how the community can move forward. This meeting was organised in conjunction with the British Nuclear Medicine Society and reflects the progress of Nuclear Medicine in the UK.

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18

Shessel, Andrea, Brandon Driscoll, and Rebecca Wong. "The Lutetium Project: Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy Treating Neuroendocrine Disease Together." Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences 49, no. 1 (March 2018): S13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmir.2018.02.038.

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Shessel, Andrea, Judy Gabrys, Ivan Yeung, Dalene Kim, Brandon Driscoll, and Rebecca Wong. "The Lutetium Project: Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy Personalizing Neuroendocrine Treatment Together." Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences 49, no. 3 (September 2018): S6—S7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmir.2018.06.023.

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20

MUNLEY, M., L. MARKS, P. HARDENBERGH, and G. BENTEL. "Functional imaging of normal tissues with nuclear medicine: Applications in radiotherapy." Seminars in Radiation Oncology 11, no. 1 (January 2001): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/srao.2001.18101.

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21

ALBERTO, ROGER. "APPLICATION OF TECHNETIUM AND RHENIUM IN NUCLEAR MEDICINE." COSMOS 08, no. 01 (June 2012): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219607712300019.

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Technetium and Rhenium are the two lower elements in the manganese triad. Whereas rhenium is known as an important part of high resistance alloys, technetium is mostly known as a cumbersome product of nuclear fission. It is less known that its metastable isotope 99mTc is of utmost importance in nuclear medicine diagnosis. The technical application of elemental rhenium is currently complemented by investigations of its isotope 188Re , which could play a central role in the future for internal, targeted radiotherapy. This article will briefly describe the basic principles behind diagnostic methods with radionuclides for molecular imaging, review the 99mTc -based radiopharmaceuticals currently in clinical routine and focus on the chemical challenges and current developments towards improved, radiolabeled compounds for diagnosis and therapy in nuclear medicine.

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22

Kazda, Tomáš, Petr Pospíšil, Hana Doleželová, Radim Jančálek, and Pavel Šlampa. "Whole brain radiotherapy: Consequences for personalized medicine." Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy 18, no. 3 (May 2013): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.002.

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23

Boellaard, Ronald. "[I059] Working in radiotherapy from the perspective of a nuclear medicine physicist." Physica Medica 52 (August 2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.06.131.

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24

Rumyantsev, Pavel O. "Radiotheranostics: fresh impetus of personalized medicine." Digital Diagnostics 2, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/dd58392.

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Radionuclide therapy is a radionuclide therapy based on molecular imaging using various radiopharmaceuticals (RP), allowing in vivo visualization (SPECT, PET) and selectively affecting pathological metabolic processes caused by a tumor. Using the paradigm of theranostics since the 1950s with the help of radioactive iodine, thyrotoxicosis and thyroid cancer have been successfully treated. In recent years, thanks to advances in the development of nuclear medicine (an increase in the number of cyclotrons, SPECT/CT and PET/CT in medical institutions) and, above all, radiopharmaceuticals, radiotherapy is developing very rapidly in the world. The emergence of new radioligands based on 177Lu, 225Ac and other radioisotopes stimulated a huge number (more than 300) clinical studies on radioligand therapy for prostate cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, pancreatic cancer, and other malignant neoplasms. One of the most promising areas of radiotherapy is the development of radioligands based on targeted anticancer drugs, which makes it possible to summarize in one radiotherapy two effects: inhibition of signaling cascades and radiation damage. Radiotechnology is multidisciplinary in nature, technologically complex, a priori integral (isotopes, radiopharmaceuticals, RFP, SPECT, PET), requires high competence and teamwork. The development of radiotherapy and the development of targeted radiopharmaceuticals in our country is in its infancy. The main problems are the lack of specialists in this field: doctors, physicists, chemists, radiopharmaceuticals, biologists, geneticists, engineers, programmers. The low awareness of doctors and patients about the possibilities of radio therapy is also a big brake on its development and introduction into clinical practice in the country.

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25

Lee, B.-J., S.-G. Wang, H.-J. Roh, E.-K. Goh, K.-M. Chon, and D.-Y. Park. "Changes in expression of p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and bcl-2 in recurrent laryngeal cancer after radiotherapy." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 120, no. 7 (May 4, 2006): 579–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215106001150.

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The biological changes in recurrent laryngeal cancer following radiotherapy are not fully understood. The authors investigated differences in the expression of p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and bcl-2 in laryngeal cancer specimens before radiotherapy and in recurrent laryngeal cancer specimens following radiotherapy in the same patients. The authors investigated the expression of p53, PCNA and bcl-2 by immunohistochemical stain in 30 specimens from 15 patients with primary laryngeal cancer and recurrent laryngeal cancer after radiotherapy.The expression of p53 protein was significantly different in laryngeal cancer before radiotherapy (4/15, 26.7 per cent) compared with recurrent laryngeal cancer after radiotherapy (8/15, 53.3 per cent) (p < 0.05). The PCNA index was also significantly different in laryngeal cancer specimens before radiotherapy (mean, 11.9 per cent) compared with recurrent laryngeal cancer after radiotherapy (mean, 18.0 per cent) (p < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant alteration of bcl-2 expression in primary compared with recurrent laryngeal cancer. The expression of p53 and PCNA increased in recurrent laryngeal cancers after radiotherapy, compared with that in laryngeal cancers before radiotherapy. Recurrent laryngeal cancers arising following radiotherapy became biologically aggressive.

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26

Baiocchi, Glauco, Maria Dirlei Begnami, Elza Mieko Fukazawa, Renato Almeida Rosa Oliveira, Carlos Chaves Faloppa, Lillian Yuri Kumagai, Levon Badiglian-Filho, et al. "Prognostic value of nuclear factor κ B expression in patients with advanced cervical cancer undergoing radiation therapy followed by hysterectomy." Journal of Clinical Pathology 65, no. 7 (March 23, 2012): 614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2011-200599.

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AimsThe nuclear factor κ B (NF-κB) family comprises transcription factors that promote the development and progression of cancer. The NF-κB pathway is induced by radiation therapy and may be related to tumour radioresistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of NF-κB as a predictor of the response to radiotherapy and its value as a prognostic marker.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed in a series of 32 individuals with stage IB2 and IIB cervical cancer who underwent radiotherapy, followed by radical hysterectomy, from January 1992 to June 2001. NF-κB-p65 and NF-κB-p50 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in biopsies from all patients before radiotherapy and in 12 patients with residual tumours after radiotherapy.Results16 (50%) patients had residual disease after radical hysterectomy. The median follow-up time was 73.5 months, and the 5-year overall survival was 66.5%. Before radiotherapy, cytoplasmic expression of NF-κB-p65 and NF-κB-p50 was noted in 91% and 97% of cases, respectively, versus 59% of cases with nuclear expression of these subunits. Cytoplasmic expression of NF-κB-p65 and NF-κB-p50 in the residual tumours after radiotherapy was observed in 50% of cases; 75% of cases with residual tumours had nuclear expression of NF-κB-p50 versus none with NF-κB-p65. NF-κB-p65 and NF-κB-p50 did not correlate with the risk of residual tumours after radiotherapy or recurrence or death.ConclusionsThese data suggest that NF-κB does not predict the response to radiotherapy and does not correlate with poor outcomes in advanced cervical cancer.

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27

Ng, Kwan Hoong, Jeannie Hsiu Ding Wong, Chai Hong Yeong, Hafiz Mohd Zin, and Noriah Jamal. "Medical Physics Contributes to The Advancement in Medicine." ASM Science Journal 14 (March 31, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2020.505.

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Medical physics is the application of physics principles and techniques in medicine. Medical physicists are actively applying their knowledge and skills in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases to improve health via research and clinical practice. In this paper, we present the roles of medical physicists in the three primary fields, namely, diagnostic imaging, radiotherapy and nuclear medicine. Medical physicists have been playing a crucial role in the advancement of new technologies that have revolutionised medicine today. This includes the continuous development of medical imaging and radiotherapy techniques since the discovery of X-ray and radioactivity. The last decade has seen tremendous development in the field that allows for better diagnosis and targeted treatment of various diseases. In the era of big data and artificial intelligence, while medical physicists continue to ensure that the application of the technologies in medicine is optimal and safe, it is paramount for the profession to evolve and be equipped with new skills to continue to contribute to the advancement of medicine.

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28

Ross, W. M. "Whither radiotherapy." Clinical Radiology 38, no. 2 (March 1987): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-9260(87)80001-6.

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29

Tait, Diana. "Systemic radiotherapy." European Journal of Nuclear Medicine 17, no. 5 (1990): 201–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00812357.

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30

Eisele, David W. "★★★★Thyroid Disease: Endocrinology, Surgery, Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy, 2nd edition." Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 120, no. 1 (January 1999): A1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-5998(99)70392-x.

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31

Korzeniowski, Stanisław. "Postmastectomy radiotherapy." Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy 7, no. 1 (2002): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1507-1367(02)70976-0.

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32

Dewar, J. A. "Postmastectomy Radiotherapy." Clinical Oncology 18, no. 3 (April 2006): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clon.2005.11.006.

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33

Van Herk, M. "4D Radiotherapy." Clinical Oncology 19, no. 3 (April 2007): S10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clon.2007.01.300.

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34

Love, K., G. Heap, and W. Russell. "Academic Clinical Oncology and Radiobiology Research Network (ACORRN): Establishing a coordinated network of groups and individuals who carry out Radiotherapy and Radiobiology Research in the UK." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 5, no. 3 (September 2006): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396906000185.

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The Academic Clinical Oncology and Radiobiology Research Network (ACORRN) was launched in 2005 by the National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) to revitalise radiotherapy (RTX) and radiobiology (RB) research in the UK [Price P. Clin Oncol 2005; 17:299–304]. The network was established in response to the sharp decline over the past 10 years in the number of clinical academics and radiation biologists. The decline had left the UK's radiotherapy and RB communities with insufficient infrastructure and capacity, despite radiotherapy experiencing one of the most rapid advances in technology and computerisation of any field in medicine.

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35

Shen, Yu, Xiao-Yi Yang, Qi-Min Zhan, Rou Guo, Jie-Wen Liu, and Chun-Zheng Yang. "The use of chinese herb medicine in experimental radiotherapy." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 16, no. 2 (February 1989): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(89)90328-3.

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36

Montemagno, Christopher, Shamir Cassim, Nicolas De Leiris, Jérôme Durivault, Marc Faraggi, and Gilles Pagès. "Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: The Dawn of the Era of Nuclear Medicine?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 12 (June 15, 2021): 6413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126413.

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), accounting for 90–95% of all pancreatic tumors, is a highly devastating disease associated with poor prognosis. The lack of accurate diagnostic tests and failure of conventional therapies contribute to this pejorative issue. Over the last decade, the advent of theranostics in nuclear medicine has opened great opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of several solid tumors. Several radiotracers dedicated to PDAC imaging or internal vectorized radiotherapy have been developed and some of them are currently under clinical consideration. The functional information provided by Positron Emission Tomography (PET) or Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) could indeed provide an additive diagnostic value and thus help in the selection of patients for targeted therapies. Moreover, the therapeutic potential of β-- and α-emitter-radiolabeled agents could also overcome the resistance to conventional therapies. This review summarizes the current knowledge concerning the recent developments in the nuclear medicine field for the management of PDAC patients.

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37

Bayoumi, Noha Anwer, and Mohamed Taha El-Kolaly. "Utilization of nanotechnology in targeted radionuclide cancer therapy: monotherapy, combined therapy and radiosensitization." Radiochimica Acta 109, no. 6 (April 5, 2021): 459–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2020-0098.

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Abstract The rapid progress of nanomedicine field has a great influence on the different tumor therapeutic trends. It achieves a potential targeting of the therapeutic agent to the tumor site with neglectable exposure of the normal tissue. In nuclear medicine, nanocarriers have been employed for targeted delivery of therapeutic radioisotopes to the malignant tissues. This systemic radiotherapy is employed to overcome the external radiation therapy drawbacks. This review overviews studies concerned with investigation of different nanoparticles as promising carriers for targeted radiotherapy. It discusses the employment of different nanovehicles for achievement of the synergistic effect of targeted radiotherapy with other tumor therapeutic modalities such as hyperthermia and photodynamic therapy. Radiosensitization utilizing different nanosensitizer loaded nanoparticles has also been discussed briefly as one of the nanomedicine approach in radiotherapy.

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38

Tsang, Shirley W. S., Mark Collins, Jacky T. L. Wong, and George Chiu. "A dosimetric comparison of craniospinal irradiation using TomoDirect radiotherapy, TomoHelical radiotherapy and 3D conventional radiotherapy." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 16, no. 4 (June 22, 2017): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396917000309.

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AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to dosimetrically compare TomoDirect, TomoHelical and linear accelerator-based 3D-conformal radiotherapy (Linac-3DCRT) for craniospinal irradiation (CSI) in the treatment of medulloblastoma.MethodsFive CSI patients were replanned with Linac-3DCRT, TomoHelical, TomoDirect-3DCRT and TomoDirect-intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Dose of 36 Gy in 20 fractions was prescribed to the planning target volume (PTV). Homogeneity index (HI), non-target integral dose (NTID), dose–volume histograms, organs-at-risk (OARs)Dmax,Dmeanand treatment times were compared.ResultsTomoHelical achieved the best PTV homogeneity compared with Linac-3DCRT, TomoDirect-3DCRT and TomoDirect-IMRT (HI of 3·6 versus 20·9, 8·7 and 9·4%, respectively). TomoDirect-IMRT achieved the lowest NTID compared with TomoDirect-3DCRT, TomoHelical and Linac-3DCRT (141 J versus 151 J, 181 J and 250 J), indicating least biological damage to normal tissues. TomoHelical plans achieved the lowestDmaxin all organs except the breasts, and lowestDmeanfor most OARs, except in laterally situated OARs, where TomoDirect triumphed. Beam-on time was longest for TomoHelical, followed by TomoDirect and Linac-3DCRT.FindingsTomoDirect has the potential to lower NTID and shorten treatment times compared with TomoHelical. It reduces PTV inhomogeneity and better spares OARs compared with Linac-3DCRT. Therefore, TomoDirect may be a CSI treatment alternative to TomoHelical and in place of Linac-3DCRT.

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39

Halle, M., and P. Tornvall. "Beyond nuclear factor kappaB in cardiovascular disease induced by radiotherapy." Journal of Internal Medicine 270, no. 5 (September 2, 2011): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02439.x.

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40

Bassler, Niels, Jan Alsner, Gerd Beyer, John J. DeMarco, Michael Doser, Dragan Hajdukovic, Oliver Hartley, et al. "Antiproton radiotherapy." Radiotherapy and Oncology 86, no. 1 (January 2008): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2007.11.028.

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41

Teoh, S., and R. Muirhead. "Rectal Radiotherapy — Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy Delivery, Delineation and Doses." Clinical Oncology 28, no. 2 (February 2016): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clon.2015.10.012.

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Muirhead, R. "Image-Guided Radiotherapy – The Unsung Hero of Radiotherapy Development." Clinical Oncology 32, no. 12 (December 2020): 789–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clon.2020.10.003.

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43

Malone, J., K. Faulkner, S. Christofides, S. Lillicrap, and P. Horton. "Scene setting: criteria for acceptability and suspension levels in diagnostic radiology, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 153, no. 2 (November 21, 2012): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncs294.

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44

Newcomb, C., D. Graham, E. Yan, A. Chan, and Tom Baker. "6 Radiotherapy of acoustic neuroma: Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) versus intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)." Radiotherapy and Oncology 80 (September 2006): S2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(06)80747-4.

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45

Mirimanoff, René-Olivier. "New radiotherapy technologies for meningiomas: 3D conformal radiotherapy? Radiosurgery? Stereotactic radiotherapy? Intensity-modulated radiotherapy? Proton beam radiotherapy? Spot scanning proton radiation therapy… or nothing at all?" Radiotherapy and Oncology 71, no. 3 (June 2004): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2004.05.002.

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46

Jones, B., and R. D. Errington. "Proton beam radiotherapy." British Journal of Radiology 73, no. 872 (August 2000): 802–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.73.872.11026853.

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47

Green, S., and E. Aird. "Imaging in radiotherapy." British Journal of Radiology 80, no. 960 (December 2007): 967–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr/27043254.

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Musa, Ahmed, and Dheyauldeen Shabeeb. "Radiation-Induced Heart Diseases: Protective Effects of Natural Products." Medicina 55, no. 5 (May 9, 2019): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55050126.

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Abstract:

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) account for the majority of deaths worldwide. Radiation-induced heart diseases (RIHD) is one of the side effects following exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). Exposure could be from various forms such as diagnostic imaging, radiotherapy for cancer treatment, as well as nuclear disasters and nuclear accidents. RIHD is mostly observed after radiotherapy for thoracic malignancies, especially left breast cancer. RIHD may affect the supply of blood to heart muscles, leading to an increase in the risk of heart attacks to irradiated persons. Due to its dose-limiting consequence, RIHD has a negative effect on the therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy. Several methods have been proposed for protection against RIHD. In this paper, we review the use of natural products, which have shown promising results for protection against RIHD.

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Crook, J. M., and S. Robertson. "Proliferative cell nuclear antigen in post radiotherapy prostate biopsies." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 27 (1993): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(93)90791-s.

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Viani, Gustavo Arruda, Fred Muller dos Santos, and Juliana Fernandes Pavoni. "Significant impact on the oncologic outcomes with intensity modulated radiotherapy and conformational radiotherapy over conventional radiotherapy in cervix cancer patients treated with radiotherapy." Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy 25, no. 4 (July 2020): 678–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rpor.2020.06.001.

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