Relevant bibliographies by topics / Radiofrequency measurements

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Radiofrequency measurements'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 22 February 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Radiofrequency measurements"

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Vulevic, Branislav, Cedomir Belic, and Luka Perazic. "Measurement uncertainty in broadband radiofrequency radiation level measurements." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 29, no. 1 (2014): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1401053v.

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For the evaluation of measurement uncertainty in the measurement of broadband radio frequency radiation, in this paper we propose a new approach based on the experience of the authors of the paper with measurements of radiofrequency electric field levels conducted in residential areas of Belgrade and over 35 municipalities in Serbia. The main objective of the paper is to present practical solutions in the evaluation of broadband measurement uncertainty for the in-situ RF radiation levels.
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Sergiyenko, P. Yu, K. H. Savyn, and Yu V. Prokopenko. "Low power and high speed testing operating modes of Bluetooth devices." Electronics and Communications 15, no. 4 (March 29, 2010): 188–91. https://doi.org/10.20535/2312-1807.2010.15.4.301768.

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The aim of this work is discussing about peculiarities of radiofrequency characteristics measurement for Low Energy and High Speed Bluetooth devices. Measurement technique was implemented in the TC-3000C tester platform. Some practical measurements have been performed. A number of characteristics which give the opportunity to determine main radiofrequency parameters have been achieved
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Tyrakis, Ch, V. Softa, A. Alexias, Y. Kiouvrekis, K. Theodorou, and C. Kappas. "Radiofrequency exposure measurements in Greece." Physica Medica 92 (December 2021): S249—S250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1120-1797(22)00540-3.

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Allen, S. G. "Radiofrequency field measurements and hazard assessment." Journal of Radiological Protection 11, no. 1 (March 1991): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0952-4746/11/1/005.

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Antonsson, Johan, Ola Eriksson, Peter Lundberg, and Karin Wårdell. "Optical Measurements during Experimental Stereotactic Radiofrequency Lesioning." Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 84, no. 2-3 (2006): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000094463.

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Stuchly, M. A., J. A. Kozlowski, S. Symons, and D. W. Lecuyer. "Measurements of Contact Currents in Radiofrequency Fields." Health Physics 60, no. 4 (April 1991): 547–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199104000-00009.

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Chang, Chieh-feng, Hsuan-Yu Kuo, and Jo-Ping Lee. "AC measurements and simulations of hepatic radiofrequency ablation." International Journal of Hyperthermia 38, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1322–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02656736.2021.1971779.

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Canet, D., B. Diter, A. Belmajdoub, J. Brondeau, J. C. Boubel, and K. Elbayed. "Self-diffusion measurements using a radiofrequency field gradient." Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969) 81, no. 1 (January 1989): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2364(89)90263-1.

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Stuchly, Stanislaw S., Andrzej Kraszewski, and Maria A. Stuchly. "Uncertainties in radiofrequency dielectric measurements of biological substances." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement IM-36, no. 1 (March 1987): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.1987.6312632.

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Stefu, N., I. Solyom, and A. Arama. "Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Map of Timisoara." Annals of West University of Timisoara - Physics 58, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/awutp-2015-0209.

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Abstract There are many electromagnetic field (EMF) sources nowadays acting simultaneously, especially in urban areas, making the theoretical estimation of electromagnetic power at ground level very difficult. This paper reports on EMF maps built with measurements collected in Timisoara, at various radiofrequencies. A grid of 15×15 squares was built (approximate resolution 400m x 400m) and measurements of the average and maximum values of the electric field E, magnetic field H and total power density S at 0.9, 1.8 and 2.4 GHz were collected in every node of the grid. Positions of the nodes in terms of latitude and longitude were also collected. Maps were built presenting the spatial distribution of the measured quantities over Timisoara. Potential influences of EMF on public health are discussed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Radiofrequency measurements"

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Bhusal, Bhumi Shankar. "Radiofrequency Induced Heating of Implanted Stereo-electroencephalography Electrodes During MRI Scan: Theory, Measurements and Simulations." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1545139929613149.

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Nyström, Jenny. "Rapid measurements of the moisture content in biofuel." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Institutionen för samhällsteknik, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-130.

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An increasing number of power plants in Scandinavia are beginning to use biofuel instead of coal or oil. The material in the new fuel is a mixture of woodchips, mostly Pine, Spruce and Salix, bark, GROT (tops and branches from felling waste) and sawdust from sawmills. It is heterogeneous, having a moisture content varying from 15% up to 65%. The moisture content affects the combustion of the fuel and therefore its commercial value. The industry is now interested in obtaining a method for measuring the moisture content of biofuel, quickly and reliably; preferably on delivery at the power plant. The measuring technique presented in this thesis is the first reported in the literature capable of measuring the moisture content of a large sample of such an heterogeneous material as biofuel. The equipment is today calibrated for a sample volume of 0.1 m3. A radio frequent signal is supplied from an antenna and penetrates the biofuel. Its reflection is modeled using partial least squares. As part of the work presented in this thesis, a new type of measuring rig and an analysis method for measurement of the moisture content of large samples of heterogeneous material have been developed. A statistical model for moisture content measurements of five different biofuel materials using radio waves has been built, having a root mean square error of prediction of 2.7. The interactions between biofuels and radio frequent signals have been demonstrated, indicating a variation of the reflection with varying types of biofuel material and variation in the reflection and delay of the signal with varying moisture content.
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Quinten, Thomas. "Dévelοppement de détecteurs de rayοnnement ΤΗz nοn refrοidis à base de La0.7Sr0.3ΜnΟ3." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04949425.

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Les propriétés des ondes térahertz (THz) offrent des perspectives pour relever les défis sociétaux du XXIᵉ siècle dans les domaines de la santé, de la sécurité et de l'énergie. Cette thèse examine l'utilisation de couches minces de La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) déposées sur silicium pour réaliser des détecteurs THz à température ambiante, en exploitant la variation de leur résistance électrique. Les détecteurs sont associés à des antennes planaires, exigeant une adaptation d’impédance optimale entre l’antenne et la couche mince. Dans ce but, les couches LSMO et leurs contacts électriques (Au/LSMO) ont été caractérisés en courant continu et dans le domaine radiofréquence (10 MHz à 325 GHz). En courant continu, l'étude révèle que de fortes résistances électriques de contact introduisent des comportements non-linéaires qui dégradent la lecture des détecteurs. Un recuit thermique associé à une géométrie adaptée du détecteur a permis de ramener les résistances de contact à un niveau négligeable, avec une résistance spécifique de 10⁻⁵ Ω·cm². L’analyse radiofréquence effectuée sur des lignes coplanaires chargées par du LSMO a montré que l’impédance du LSMO est réelle et que les résistances électriques de contact sont négligeables à ces fréquences. Ces résultats ont permis de concevoir des détecteurs couplés à une lentille diélectrique et de les tester à 640 GHz et 2.52 THz. Les performances mesurées se montrent prometteuses comparées à l’état de l’art, avec un NEP électrique de quelques pW/√Hz (limité par le bruit de phonons) et un temps de réponse de 0.1 ms. Le NEP optique, avoisinant 600 pW/√Hz dans la bande passante, pourrait être optimisé par une meilleure absorption du rayonnement
The properties of terahertz (THz) waves offer promising perspectives for addressing 21st-century societal challenges in the fields of health, security, and energy. This thesis investigates the use of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) thin films deposited on silicon for the development of THz detectors operating at room temperature, by exploiting the variation in their electrical resistance. The films are coupled with planar antennas, requiring optimal impedance matching between the antenna and the thin film. In this context, the LSMO layers and their electrical contacts (Au/LSMO) were characterized in direct current and in the radiofrequency domain (10 MHz to 325 GHz). In direct current, the study reveals that high contact resistances introduce nonlinear behaviors that degrade detector reading. Thermal annealing combined with an optimized detector geometry allowed for contact resistances to be reduced to a negligible level, achieving a specific contact resistance of 10⁻⁵ Ω·cm². The radiofrequency analysis performed on coplanar lines loaded with LSMO showed that the LSMO impedance is real with no contact resistances. These findings enabled the design of detectors coupled with a dielectric lens, which were tested at 640 GHz and 2.52 THz. The performances are promising compared to the state of the art, with an electrical NEP of a few pW/√Hz (limited by phonons noise) and a response time of 0.1 ms. The optical NEP, around 600 pW/√Hz in the bandwidth, could be optimized through enhanced radiation absorption
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Knipe, Phillip. "Measurement and simulation of radiofrequency emissions from telecommunications transmitters." Thesis, Knipe, Phillip (2013) Measurement and simulation of radiofrequency emissions from telecommunications transmitters. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2013. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/23793/.

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Significant concern has been expressed regarding the potential link between various health problems (eg cancer) and exposure to radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic energy (EME). In particular mobile phone base stations, commonly referred to as radio base stations (RBS) have attracted public attention. With the number of these RBS increasing around the world, questions have been raised about the fields generated by these types of equipment. In particular the public and the industry are interested in the strengths of these fields and how they compare to the regulatory standards of various countries. There are two approaches that can be used to determine the field strengths generated by the RF EME transmitting installations. They can be physically measured using expensive and sophisticated equipment, requiring a significant level of technical knowledge, or alternatively, they can be modelled theoretically using complex simulations. Due to the number of installations that already exist, and the rate at which their numbers are increasing, the physical measurement of these sites may be considered impractical and expensive. Therefore, simulation of the RF EME fields from these installations is often the preferred option. In Australia, the industry code C564:2011 – Mobile Phone Base Station Deployment (CA 2011) ‐ requires that site RF EME assessments for Mobile Phone Radiocommunications Infrastructure must be completed in accordance with the Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA) prediction methodology Technical Report – Radio Frequency EME Exposure Levels – Prediction Methodologies (Bangay 2002). The purpose of the assessments is to provide affected persons in the community with a reliable, objective and near worst case, line‐of‐sight estimate of the maximum levels of RF EME likely to be emitted by the proposed or upgraded mobile phone base station installation, for full‐power operation without producing a gross over‐estimate (CA 2011). The aim of this study is to test, using actual field measurements, whether the assumptions made in the ARPANSA prediction methodology result in achieving the stated purpose of the assessments as explained above. This study compares the calculated RF EME levels by a number of commercial software packages, for a number of service providers and technology types (i.e. WCDMA850, GSM900 and 1800 and UMTS2100), at a number of locations, to the measured levels for those same locations. As part of the measurement component of this study the applicability of a number of spatial averaging assessment techniques will also be considered. In particular the 3, 6 and 9 point spatial averaging techniques recommended in the IEC assessment standard and a 7 point spatial averaging technique, recommended by the Australian Radiation Protection Agency (ARPANSA) are compared and evaluated. The main findings of this study are: 1. Overall, the ARPANSA prediction methodology does achieve its stated purpose. 2. The largest overestimation of the RF EME levels by simulation was 20.92 dB (124 times). Whilst, this appears to be quite large the largest simulated level was 624 times below the general public limit. 3. The use of a single measurement point to determine RF EME levels for a given location could result in an under estimation of the levels beyond the ±3 dB uncertainity of the measurements (‐8.18 dB). If completing measurements to confirm compliance to the regulatory limits it would be better to use the 9 pt averaging technique when the 1pt measured level is greater than 30% of the applicable limit. 4. Comparisons between the measurement and simulation results revealed that they do not always closely align with each other. However, in all cases where this occurred, the simulated levels did not under estimate the measured levels by more than 0.82 dB beyond the combined uncertainty of the measurements and simulations.
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Freeman, Alan John. "Measurement of physiological parameters with echo-planar imaging." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262655.

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Galindo, Muñoz Natalia. "Development of direct measurement techniques for the in-situ internal alignment of accelerating structures." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/100488.

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Las exigentes tolerancias de alineación en los componentes de los futuros colisionadores lineales de partículas requieren el desarrollo de nuevas técnicas de alineación más precisas que las existentes. Este es el caso del Colisionador Lineal Compacto (Compact Linear Collider, CLIC), cuyos objetivos altamente restrictivos de alineamiento alcanzan los 10 um. Para poder lograr el máximo rendimiento del acelerador, es necesario que el posicionamiento de las estructuras que aceleran las partículas y de los campos que las guían cumplan las tolerancias de alineación para dirigir el haz a lo largo de la trayectoria diseñada. Dicho procedimiento consiste en relacionar la posición de los ejes de referencia de cada componente con respecto a objetos externos, o fiduciales, lo cual resulta muy tedioso y económicamente costoso. Los errores sistemáticos y aleatorios se van acumulando en cada paso del proceso y, en consecuencia, la precisión final de alineamiento es todo un desafío. En este contexto, nace el proyecto PACMAN (Particle Accelerator Components Metrology and Alignment to the Nanometre scale), subvencionado por la Unión Europea en el programa FP7 de financiación para la investigación e innovación. El objetivo principal de PACMAN es investigar, desarrollar e implementar una solución integrada alternativa que incorpore todos los pasos de alineación en una misma ubicación, con el objetivo de mejorar la precisión de alineación de los componentes de los aceleradores, en concreto: las estructuras aceleradoras, los cuadrupolos y los monitores de posición de haz. La viabilidad de las soluciones desarrolladas y la precisión de alineamiento alcanzada deben de demostrarse en un banco de pruebas utilizando componentes de CLIC. La estrategia de PACMAN para alcanzar el objetivo técnico se divide en tres pasos. El primero consiste en la fiducialización de los componentes y sus soportes. El segundo paso es el ensamblaje de los componentes en dos tipos de soporte, uno compuesto por un monitor de posición de haz y un cuadrupolo, y otro con cuatro estructuras aceleradoras, tomando como referencia su centro electromagnético. Finalmente, ambos soportes se transportan al túnel para su alineación final utilizando técnicas de hilos tensados. En esta tesis doctoral, se describe el desarrollo de una nueva técnica no destructiva para localizar los ejes electromagnéticos de estructuras aceleradoras y su validación experimental. Para ello, se ha utilizado una estructura aceleradora de CLIC conocida como TD24. Debido a la complejidad mecánica de la TD24, su difícil acceso y su diámetro medio de iris de 5.5 mm, se desarrolla una nueva técnica denominada en esta tesis como 'el método perturbativo' y se realiza una propuesta experimental de validación. El estudio de viabilidad de este método, cumpliendo con los requisitos impuestos de precisión en la medida de 10 um, ha sido realizado con una campaña extensa de simulaciones de campos electromagnéticos en tres dimensiones utilizando la herramienta de software conocida como HFSS. Los resultados de simulación han permitido el desarrollo de un algoritmo muy completo de medidas y han proporcionado las especificaciones técnicas para el diseño conceptual de un banco de pruebas para la medida de los ejes electromagnéticos de la TD24. El preciso ensamblaje del banco de pruebas y sus correspondientes calibraciones, la incorporación de nuevos tratamientos de las medidas en el algoritmo final y la caracterización de fuentes de error en la medida, favorecieron la localización del centro electromagnético en la TD24 con una precisión menor a 1 um con un error estimado menor que 8.5 um, cumplimiendo con los objetivos de precisión establecidos.
In the next generation of linear particle accelerators, challenging alignment tolerances are required in the positioning of the components focusing, accelerating and detecting the beam over the accelerator length in order to achieve the maximum machine performance. In the case of the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC), accelerating structures, beam position monitors and quadrupole magnets need to be aligned in their support with respect to their reference axes with an accuracy of 10 um. To reach such objective, the PACMAN (Particle Accelerator Components Metrology and Alignment to the Nanometer Scale) project strives for the improvement of the current alignment accuracy by developing new methods and tools, whose feasibility should be validated using the major CLIC components. This Ph.D. thesis concerns the investigation, development and implementation of a new non-destructive intracavity technique, referenced here as 'the perturbative method', to determine the electromagnetic axes of accelerating structures by means of a stretched wire, acting as a reference of alignment. Of particular importance is the experimental validation of the method through the 5.5 mm iris-mean aperture CLIC prototype known as TD24, with complex mechanical features and difficult accessibility, in a dedicated test bench. In the first chapter of this thesis, the alignment techniques in particle accelerators and the novel proposals to be implemented in the future linear colliders are introduced, and a detailed description of the PACMAN project is provided. The feasibility study of the method, carried out with extensive electromagnetic fields simulations, is described in chapter 2, giving as a result, the knowledge of the theoretical accuracy expected in the measurement of the electromagnetic axes and facilitating the development of a measurement algorithm. The conceptual design, manufacturing and calibration of the automated experimental set-up, integrating the solution developed to measure the electromagnetic axes of the TD24, are covered in chapter 3. The future lines of research and developments of the perturbative method are also explored. In chapter 4, the most significant results obtained from an extensive experimental work are presented, analysed and compared with simulations. The proof-of-principle is completed, the measurement algorithm is optimised and the electromagnetic centre is measured in the TD24 with a precision less than 1 um and an estimated error less than 8.5 um. Finally, in chapter 5, the developments undertaken along this research work are summarised, the innovative achievements accomplished within the PACMAN project are listed and its impact is analysed.
En la generació pròxima d'acceleradors de partícules lineals, desafiant toleràncies d'alineament és requerit en el posicionament dels components que enfoquen, accelerant i detectant la biga sobre la longitud d'accelerador per tal d'aconseguir l'actuació de màquina màxima. En el cas del Colisionador Compacte Lineal (CLIC), accelerant estructures, monitors de posició de fes i imants necessiten ser alineats en el seu suport amb respectar a les seves destrals de referència amb una precisió de 10 um. Per assolir tal objectiu, el PACMAN (Metrologia de Components de l'Accelerador de partícules i Alineament al Nanometer Escala) projecte s'esforça per la millora de l'actual precisió d'alineament per mètodes nous en desenvolupament i eines, la viabilitat dels quals hauria de ser validada utilitzant els components de CLIC importants. Aquesta tesi concerneix la investigació, desenvolupament i implementació d'un nou no-destructiu tècnica interna, va referenciar ací mentre 'el mètode de pertorbació' per determinar les destrals electromagnètiques d'accelerar estructures mitjançant un cable estès, actuant com a referència d'alineament. De la importància particular és la validació experimental del mètode a través del 5.5 mm iris-roí obertura prototipus de CLIC sabut com TD24, amb característiques mecàniques complexes i accessibilitat difícil, en un banc de prova dedicat. En el primer capítol d'aquesta tesi, les tècniques d'alineament en acceleradors de partícules i les propostes novelles per ser implementades en el futur colisionador lineal és introduït, i una descripció detallada del projecte PACMAN és proporcionat. L'estudi de viabilitat el mètode de pertorbació, va dur a terme amb simulacres de camps electromagnètics extensos, és descrit dins capitol 2, donant com a resultat, el coneixement de la precisió teòrica esperada en la mida de les destrals electromagnètiques i facilitant el desenvolupament d'un algoritme de mida. El disseny conceptual, fabricació i calibratge del conjunt experimental automatitzat-amunt, integrant la solució desenvolupada per mesurar les destrals electromagnètiques del TD24, és cobert dins capitol 3. Les línies futures de recerca i desenvolupaments del mètode és també va explorar. Dins capitol 4, la majoria de resultats significatius van obtenir d'una faena experimental extensa és presentada, analitzat i comparat amb simulacres. La prova-de-el principi és completat, l'algoritme de mida és optimitzat i el centre electromagnètic és mesurat en el TD24 amb una precisió menys d'1 um i un error calculat menys de 8.5 um. Finalment, dins capitol 5, els desenvolupaments empresos al llarg d'aquesta faena de recerca és resumit, les consecucions innovadores van acomplir dins del projecte PACMAN és llistat i el seu impacte és analitzat.
Galindo Muñoz, N. (2018). Development of direct measurement techniques for the in-situ internal alignment of accelerating structures [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/100488
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Génevé, Lionel. "Système de déploiement d'un robot mobile autonome basé sur des balises." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD024/document.

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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un projet visant à développer un robot mobile autonome capable de réaliser des tâches spécifiques dans une zone préalablement définie par l’utilisateur. Afin de faciliter la mise en œuvre du système, des balises radiofréquences fournissant des mesures de distance par rapport au robot sont disposées au préalable autour du terrain. Le déploiement du robot s’effectue en deux phases, une première d’apprentissage du terrain, puis une seconde, où le robot effectue ses tâches de façon autonome. Ces deux étapes nécessitent de résoudre les problèmes de localisation et de localisation et cartographie simultanées pour lesquels différentes solutions sont proposées et testées en simulation et sur des jeux de données réelles. De plus, afin de faciliter l’installation et d’améliorer les performances du système, un algorithme de placement des balises est présenté puis testé en simulation afin de valider notamment l’amélioration des performances de localisation
This thesis is part of a project which aims at developing an autonomous mobile robot able to perform specific tasks in a preset area. To ease the setup of the system, radio-frequency beacons providing range measurements with respect to the robot are set up beforehand on the borders of the robot’s workspace. The system deployment consists in two steps, one for learning the environment, then a second, where the robot executes its tasks autonomously. These two steps require to solve the localization and simultaneous localization and mapping problems for which several solutions are proposed and tested in simulation and on real datasets. Moreover, to ease the setup and improve the system performances, a beacon placement algorithm is presented and tested in simulation in order to validate in particular the improvement of the localization performances
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Ricci, Roberto. "Novel measurement techniques for motion analysis and human recognition by using ultrasound and radiofrequency signals." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423955.

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Human detection and identification has been constituting a fundamental application in everyday life, and it is assuming an increasing importance both within the commercial world and the scientific community. The applications cover a variety of different areas, such as security and surveillance, rescue/recovery of troubled people, medicine and gait analysis. Among the plenty of employed technologies, over the last few years, radar and ultrasound systems are gaining an increasing interest in human detection/identification scenario. They can effectively work in particular environments and situations where other systems may fail, like in the darkness, in smoky or foggy areas, or through not transparent obstacles. Many radar and ultrasound systems for human detection exploit Doppler and micro-Doppler effects to analyse the target motion. The micro-Doppler effect is a variant of the Doppler phenomenon which accounts also for micro-motions of the target superimposed to the bulk motion. Hence, it can be deployed to record the micro-Doppler characteristics of different moving targets, commonly referred as micro-Doppler signature. Human moving targets exhibit very distinctive and unique micro-Doppler signatures, which, if properly analysed, may be used to carry out human target recognition and classification tasks. Aim of this dissertation is to provide a general and technology independent measurement approach suitable for human identification purposes. The approach is a list of elementary blocks covering the measurement device definition and setup, the micro-Doppler signature acquisition and the algorithm for signatures analysis. In order to test the procedure, several experimental trials to collect micro-Doppler signatures have been performed, both in the ultrasonic and radio frequency domain. A novel algorithm has been also designed and developed to extract some particular features from the acquired signatures, to be used for target classification. Recognition performance has been assessed as a function of some key algorithm parameters to investigate the level of robustness of the proposed features. Results show that high level recognition performance can be achieved for different human activities and subjects, both employing ultrasounds and radio-frequency waves.
Il rilevamento e l'identificazione di persone rappresenta un'applicazione fondamentale nella vita di ogni giorno, e per questo sta assumendo un'importanza ed un interesse crescente all'interno del mondo commerciale e della comunità scientifica. Tra le innumerevoli applicazioni pratiche, si annoverano la sicurezza e la sorveglianza, il recupero ed il soccorso di persone in situazioni di emergenza, ed in medicina per la diagnosi di patologie posturali e non. Tra la vastità di tecnologie impiegate, negli ultimi anni i sistemi ad ultrasuoni e radar stanno catturando un interesse sempre maggiore nello scenario dell'identificazione ed il rilevamento umano. Tali tecnologie infatti possono operare in particolari situazioni ambientali non adatte ad altre sistemi, come ad esempio, in presenza di fumo e nebbia, o in aree buie, oppure attraverso barriere non trasparenti come muri e vegetazione. Molti sistemi radar sono progettati per sfruttare gli effetti Doppler e micro-Doppler per analizzare il movimento del target da rilevare. In termine micro-Doppler rappresenta una variante dell'effetto Doppler che considera ulteriori micro-movimenti del target, che possono essere sovrapposti al moto principale. Può essere quindi impiegato per rilevare le caratteristiche micro-Doppler, di diversi target in movimento. Tali caratteristiche, dette anche signatures micro-Doppler, si dimostrano essere una peculiarità unica e distintiva per quanto riguarda il movimento umano. Lo scopo della tesi è quello di fornire un approccio di misura che sia generale ed indipendente dalla particolare tecnologia, da usarsi per applicazioni riguardanti l'identificazione di umani. L'approccio prevede una lista di blocchi elementari, riguardanti la scelta del dispositivo e dell'ambiente di misura, l'acquisizione di signatures micro-Doppler e lo sviluppo di un algoritmo per l'analisi e la classificazione delle signatures. La procedura è stata quindi testata sia nel caso si impieghi una tecnologia ad ultrasuoni, che una tecnologia radar. È stato inoltre sviluppato un algoritmo innovativo per estrarre un insieme di parametri dalle signatures acquisite, per poi essere usati con lo scopo di classificare i target umani analizzati. Le prestazioni della procedura di riconoscimento sono state valutate in funzione di alcuni parametri chiave dell'algoritmo sviluppato, al fine di valutarne robustezza ed affidabilità. I risultati ottenuti mostrano un alto livello di riconoscimento positivo, per diversi target umani ed attività analizzate, e sia nel caso si impieghino onde ultrasonore che a radiofrequenza.
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Koerber, Timo W. "Measurement of light shift ratios with a single trapped ¹³⁸Ba⁺ ion, and prospects for a parity violation experiment /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9792.

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Ronseaux, Pauline. "Graphène CVD macroscopique en régime de supraconductivité de proximité : applications à l'électronique flexible et radiofréquence." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY087/document.

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La supraconductivité induite par effet de proximité dans du graphène CVD macroscopique décoré de nanoparticules d'étain (G/Sn) est le thème central de cette thèse. Dans ce manuscrit, deux projets expérimentaux sont présentés. Le premier de ces projets a consisté à développer et étudier un nouveau matériau manipulable et flexible au sein duquel les corrélations supraconductrices s'étendent à des échelles macroscopiques. Ce matériau est un film composite qui résulte de l'empilement de trois ingrédients originaux: un film fin de parylène d'une épaisseur de quelques micromètres, une monocouche de graphène de plusieurs centimètres carrés et un film discontinu métallique obtenu par démouillage naturel de l'étain en surface du graphène.Des mesures de transport à basses températures ont permis de mettre en évidence l'émergence d'un effet de supraconductivité induite à l'échelle macroscopique. Le courant critique de la transition supraconductrice des films composites a pu être contrôlé par une tension de grille avec une sensibilité de cent nanoampères par volt. Le comportement sous champ magnétique transverse des films composites est similaire à celui des supraconducteurs comportant des joints de grains et est caractérisé, en particulier sous faible champ magnétique, par une forte sensibilité de la transition supraconductrice. Une étude approfondie a enfin montré que le matériau hybride G/Sn est un système percolant bidimensionnel qui se comporte, à l'approche de la transition supraconductrice, comme une jonction unique de taille micrométrique.Dans le cadre du second projet, des cavités supraconductrices radiofréquences (RF) ont été développées. Des pistes G/Sn ont été intégrées à ces circuits supraconducteurs dans l'optique de créer des résonateurs dont la fréquence de résonance est contrôlable par une tension de grille. Un procédé d'intégration de pistes G/Sn conjointement à plusieurs cavités à partir d'un seul transfert (pleine plaque) de graphène a été mis au point. Des mesures en transmission dans des conditions cryogéniques ont été effectuées pour caractériser ces dispositifs hybrides et étudier leur comportement dans le domaine RF
Superconducting proximity effect in macroscopic CVD-grown graphene decorated by tin nanoparticles is the central topic of this thesis. In this manuscript, two experimental projects are presented.The first of these projects consisted in developing and studying a new easy to handle and flexible material in which superconducting correlations extend over macroscopic scales. This material is a composite film made from the stacking of three original components: a few micrometers thin plastic film in parylene, a several centimeters squares layer of graphene, and a cluster of nanoparticles achieved by natural dewetting of tin on the graphene surface.Cryogenic transport measurements highlighted an induced superconductivity on the scale of the studied composite films pieces dimensions, of the order of the centimetre square. The superconducting critical current of the composite films showed gate tunability of about one hundred nanoamperes by volt. The behaviour of the composite films under a transverse magnetic field is similar to the one of granular superconductors and is characterised, especially under weak transverse magnetic field, by a high sensitivity of the superconducting transition. An in-depth study showed that the G/Sn hybrid material is a bidimensional percolating system that, when approaching the superconducting transition, behaves like a single mesoscopic Josephson junction.Within the framework of the second project, superconducting radiofrequency (RF) cavities have been developed. G/Sn patches have been integrated into these superconducting circuits in order to build gate tunable resonators. A process allowing to integrate G/Sn patches jointly to a series of several cavities from a single graphene transfer have been developed. Transmission measurements in cryogenic conditions have been performed to characterise these hybrid devices and to study their radiofrequency response
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Books on the topic "Radiofrequency measurements"

1

Roger, Dalke, and United States. National Telecommunications and Information Administration., eds. Spectrum measurements for an RF-driven lighting device. [Washington, DC]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, 1999.

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National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Biological effects and exposure criteria for radiofrequency electromagnetic fields: Recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Bethesda, MD: The Council, 1986.

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National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. A practical guide to the determination of human exposure to radiofrequency fields: Recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Bethesda, Md: The Council, 1993.

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Committee to assess potential health effects from exposures to PAVE PAWS low-level phased-array radiofrequency energy. An Assessment of potential health effects from exposure to PAVE PAWS low-level phased-array radiofrequency energy. Washington, D.C: National Academies Press, 2005.

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Spectrum measurements for an RF-driven lighting device. [Washington, DC]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, 1999.

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Laboratory measurements of the radiofrequency electrical and magnetic properties of soils from near Yuma, Arizona. [Denver, CO]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1993.

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Board on Radiation Effects Research, Committee to Assess Potential Health Effects from Exposures to PAVE PAWS Low-Level Phased-Array Radiofrequency Energy, Division on Earth and Life Studies, and National Research Council. Assessment of Potential Health Effects from Exposure to PAVE PAWS Low-Level Phased-Array Radiofrequency Energy. National Academies Press, 2005.

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Board on Radiation Effects Research, Committee to Assess Potential Health Effects from Exposures to PAVE PAWS Low-Level Phased-Array Radiofrequency Energy, Division on Earth and Life Studies, and National Research Council. Assessment of Potential Health Effects from Exposure to PAVE PAWS Low-Level Phased-Array Radiofrequency Energy. National Academies Press, 2005.

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Board on Radiation Effects Research, Committee to Assess Potential Health Effects from Exposures to PAVE PAWS Low-Level Phased-Array Radiofrequency Energy, Division on Earth and Life Studies, and National Research Council. Assessment of Potential Health Effects from Exposure to PAVE PAWS Low-Level Phased-Array Radiofrequency Energy. National Academies Press, 2005.

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An assessment of potential health effects from exposure to PAVE PAWS low-level phased-array radiofrequency energy. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Radiofrequency measurements"

1

Gajšek, P. "Radiofrequency Measurements and Sources." In Radio Frequency Radiation Dosimetry and Its Relationship to the Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, 309–19. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4191-8_33.

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Sim, Jung Suk. "Volume Measurements of Thyroid Nodules Following RFA." In Thyroid Radiofrequency Ablation, 221–26. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-65288-2_17.

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Petersen, R. C. "New IEEE Standards on Measurement of Potentially Hazardous Radiofrequency/Microwave Electromagnetic Fields." In Radiofrequency Radiation Standards, 89–99. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0945-9_10.

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Michaelson, Sol M., and James C. Lin. "Radio and Microwave Dosimetry and Measurement." In Biological Effects and Health Implications of Radiofrequency Radiation, 47–91. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4614-3_3.

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"Radiofrequency measurements." In Frequency Measurement and Control, 31–69. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2502-8_2.

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Kreindel, Michael, and Stephen Mulholland. "The Basic Science of Radiofrequency-Based Devices." In Enhanced Liposuction - New Perspectives and Techniques [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96652.

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This chapter outlines the basic science and specific principles of operation for radiofrequency (RF) technologies with a focus on minimally-invasive applications enhancing liposuction procedure. Before discussing the parameters, settings and techniques for radiofrequency-assisted lipolysis (RFAL) and fractional RF subdermal treatment, it is important to understand the fundamentals of the basic science of RF technologies and applications. The chapter accurately describes the physics of the processes occurring during RF-based treatment, and the factors affecting its safe and efficacious outcome. The discussion of RF-based devices will use terminology and definitions provided by FDA guidance for electrosurgical devices. Measurements and computer simulations conducted by the authors to illustrate importance of different parameters for the specific treatments of skin and subcutaneous fat are also presented.
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Komarchuk, Dmytro Sergiyovich, Vitalii Pylypovych Lysenko, Oleksii Oleksandrovych Opryshko, and Nataliia Anatoliivna Pasichnyk. "Monitoring the Condition of Mineral Nutrition of Crops Using UAV for Rational Use of Fertilizers." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 293–319. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7573-3.ch011.

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The reviewed problem deals with the metrological support of sensory equipment using cameras with standard and infrared lenses. The elaborated method to use UAVs for remote shooting of agricultural crops and obtaining images is to be used to determine the level of nitrogen provision for grain crops has been developed. For radiofrequency correction of lighting changes while mineral nutrition state monitoring, it is recommended to use a method with the application of official data to be calculated on the basis of camera's regular camera exposure meter measurements. It is advisable to use an infrared lens for monitoring the state of individual crops using digital non-specialized cameras instead of optical one. Exampling GoPro Hero 4 digital camera, it has been found that there are three channels to use IR lens which have the characteristics of fixing radiation either in the infrared range or in the red area of the optical range.
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Fiorelli, Rafaella, Eduardo Peralías, and Fernando Silveira. "An All-Inversion-Region gm/ID Based Design Methodology for Radiofrequency Blocks in CMOS Nanometer Technologies." In Advances in Wireless Technologies and Telecommunication, 15–39. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0083-6.ch002.

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This chapter presents a design optimization methodology for analog radiofrequency (RF) blocks based on the gm/ID technique and on the exploration of all-inversion regions (from weak inversion or sub-threshold to strong inversion or above threshold) of the MOS transistor in nanometer technologies. The use of semi-empirical models of MOS transistors and passive components, as inductors or capacitors, assures accurate designs, reducing time and efforts for transferring the initial block specifications to a compliant design. This methodology permits the generation of graphical maps to visualize the evolution of the circuit characteristics when sweeping both the inversion zone and the bias current, allowing reaching very good compromises between performance aspects of the circuit (e.g. noise and power consumption) for a set of initial specifications. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of this methodology, it is applied in the design of two basic blocks of RF transceivers: low noise amplifiers (LNAs) and voltage controlled oscillators (VCOs), implemented in two different nanometer technologies and specified to be part of a 2.4 GHz transceiver. A possible design flow of each block is provided; resulting designs are implemented and verified both with simulations and measurements.
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Atkins, Peter, Julio de Paula, and James Keeler. "Pulse techniques in NMR." In Atkins’ Physical Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780198847816.003.0065.

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This chapter covers pulse techniques in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Sequences of pulses of radiofrequency radiation manipulate nuclear spins, leading to the efficient acquisition of NMR spectra and the measurement of relaxation times. Relaxation primarily refers to the process by which the magnetization returns to its equilibrium value. The chapter elaborates on the nuclear Overhauser effect, which makes use of the relaxation caused by the dipole-dipole interaction of nuclear spins, referencing the modification of the intensity of one resonance by the saturation of another. It also mentions how the modern implementation of NMR spectroscopy triggers many possibilities for the development of more sophisticated experiments.
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Jha, Pankaj, and Ke Wu. "Orbital Angular Momentum Wave and Propagation." In Recent Microwave Technologies [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104477.

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Orbital angular momentum (OAM) techniques are exploited for a wide range of potential radiofrequency (RF) and electromagnetic applications, including megahertz-through-terahertz wireless systems, fiber-based and free-space optical communications and sensing, just like acoustic and any other wave-based counterparts. In those RF and electromagnetic applications, OAM wave is set to enable the development of high-speed and high-capacity communications, radar imaging, and sensing systems, among many others. In this chapter, a comprehensive comparison between plane wave and OAM wave propagation using a patch antenna as a radiator at 2.45 GHz is presented and discussed. This comparison allows the appreciation of the fundamental properties of the OAM wave when compared against its plane wave counterpart. For simplified comparison and discussion, we will use two abbreviated terms: PWPA for plane-wave patch antenna and OWPA for OAM wave patch antenna. PWPA refers to as planar patch antenna that produces plane waves in far-field, whereas patch antenna that delivers OAM waves in far-field is termed as OWPA. In this context, all physical quantities for wave propagation such as electric field, magnetic field, wave impedance, wave vector, velocity, pitch, and propagation constant are theoretically studied for OAM waves and compared with plane waves. First, OAM wave generation is studied through widely used uniform circular antenna array (UCAA) in literature. Then, plane wave patch antenna (PWPA) and OAM wave patch antenna (OWPA) are designed and verified through simulation and measurement. OWPA is designed with characteristic mode analysis (CMA) based on a lossy substrate to excite a twisting wave at a determined patch location. With this in mind, a comparative investigation of PWPA and OWPA is conducted for different physical parameters. Cylindrical near-field scan clearly shows a helical wave motion for OWPA, whereas a normal plane wave motion for PWPA. Furthermore, the comparison of plane wave and OAM wave propagation is demonstrated using the combination of a Tx–Rx antenna pair. It is observed that the overall signal from OWPA can be received with two PWPAs at an angle as OWPA has a dispersive beam. Moreover, the receiving antenna with a large aperture and plane wave horn antenna (PWHA) in the line of sight (LOS) range can also be used to receive the overall signal from OWPA. The received signal in PWPA–PWPA, OWPA–OWPA, OWPA–PWPA–PWPA, OWPA–PWHA Tx–Rx pairs is thoroughly compared and studied. Measured and simulated results for transmission are −30 dB for 0 dB input signal in OWPA–PWPA–PWPA and OWPA–PWHA cases, which are reasonably justified within the sensitivity/dynamic range of short-distance communication and radar sensing receivers.
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Conference papers on the topic "Radiofrequency measurements"

1

Bresler, Sean M., David A. Long, Alexandra B. Artusio-Glimpse, Nikunjkumar Prajapati, Dangka Shylla, Andrew P. Rotunno, Matthew T. Simons, et al. "Real-time Detection of Modulated Radiofrequency Signals in Rydberg Atoms enabled by Optical Frequency Comb Spectroscopy." In 2024 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM), 1–2. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cpem61406.2024.10645999.

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Tukimin, Roha, Syarfa Zahirah Sapuan, Wan Syazlin Wan Yunoh, and Nur Afrina Zainal. "Measurement and Mapping of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field (RF-EMF) Radiation Exposure in Malaysia's Environment." In 2024 IEEE 15th Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC), 23–28. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsgrc62081.2024.10690979.

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Benova, Mariana, Frederika Bacova, and Zuzana Psenakova. "Measurement and Simulation of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure of a Tissue Phantom with an Implanted Pacemaker Device." In 2024 25th International Conference on Computational Problems of Electrical Engineering (CPEE), 1–4. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cpee64152.2024.10720410.

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Sovlukov, Alexander S., Victoria V. Yatsenko, and Alexander V. Kaychenov. "Radiofrequency Method for Measurement of a Dielectric Liquid Level in a Tank Independently on Its Dielectric Permittivity." In 2024 8th International Conference on Information, Control, and Communication Technologies (ICCT), 1–5. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icct62929.2024.10874967.

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McKee, J. M., B. P. Johnson, P. F. Mastin, and M. E. Fuller. "Radiofrequency finger impedance measurements." In Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.1988.95013.

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Carobbi, Carlo F. M. "Teaching radiofrequency power measurements." In 2020 XXXIIIrd General Assembly and Scientific Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI GASS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ursigass49373.2020.9232370.

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Trinchero, S., S. Adda, L. Anglesio, M. Mantovan, and G. d'Amore. "Radiofrequency measurements for human exposure assessment in indoor environment." In 2009 International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceaa.2009.5297782.

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Vecsei, Zsuzsanna, Zsófia Szilágyi, Bertalan Pintér, and György Thuróczy. "Personal radiofrequency exposure measurements at a summer music festival." In RAD Conference. RAD Centre, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21175/rad.abstr.book.2023.25.1.

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Yaroslavsky, Ilya V., and Valery V. Tuchin. "Frequency domain measurements of tissue optical parameters: a theoretical analysis." In Radiofrequency and Optical Methods of Biomedical Diagnostics and Therapy, edited by Valery V. Tuchin. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.146492.

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D'Inca, R., J.-M. Noterdaeme, and ASDEX Upgrade Team. "Characterization of the fast ions distribution from ion cyclotron emission measurements." In RADIOFREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: Proceedings of the 20th Topical Conference. American Institute of Physics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4864533.

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