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Journal articles on the topic 'Radiocesium transfert'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 March 2025

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1

Laceby, J. P., C. Chartin, O. Evrard, Y. Onda, L. Garcia-Sanchez, and O. Cerdan. "Rainfall erosivity in subtropical catchments and implications for erosion and particle-bound contaminant transfer: a case-study of the Fukushima region." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 12, no. 7 (July 30, 2015): 7225–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-12-7225-2015.

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Abstract. The Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) accident in March 2011 resulted in a significant fallout of radiocesium over the Fukushima region. After reaching the soil surface, radiocesium is almost irreversibly bound to fine soil particles. Thereafter, rainfall and snow melt run-off events transfer particle-bound radiocesium downstream. Erosion models, such as the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), depict a proportional relationship between rainfall and soil erosion. As radiocesium is tightly bound to fine soil and sediment particles, characterizing the rainfall regime of the fallout-impacted region is fundamental to modelling and predicting radiocesium migration. Accordingly, monthly and annual rainfall data from ~ 60 meteorological stations within a 100 km radius of the FDNPP were analysed. Monthly rainfall erosivity maps were developed for the Fukushima coastal catchments illustrating the spatial heterogeneity of rainfall erosivity in the region. The mean average rainfall in the Fukushima region was 1387 mm yr−1 (σ 230) with the mean rainfall erosivity being 2785 MJ mm ha−1 yr−1 (σ 1359). The results indicate that the majority of rainfall (60 %) and rainfall erosivity (86 %) occurs between June and October. During the year, rainfall erosivity evolves positively from northwest to southeast in the eastern part of the prefecture, whereas a positive gradient from north to south occurs in July and August, the most erosive months of the year. During the typhoon season, the coastal plain and eastern mountainous areas of the Fukushima prefecture, including a large part of the contamination plume, are most impacted by erosive events. Understanding these rainfall patterns, particularly their spatial and temporal variation, is fundamental to managing soil and particle-bound radiocesium transfers in the Fukushima region. Moreover, understanding the impact of typhoons is important for managing sediment transfers in subtropical regions impacted by cyclonic activity.

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2

Laceby, J. Patrick, Caroline Chartin, Olivier Evrard, Yuichi Onda, Laurent Garcia-Sanchez, and Olivier Cerdan. "Rainfall erosivity in catchments contaminated with fallout from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 6 (June 23, 2016): 2467–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2467-2016.

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Abstract. The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) accident in March 2011 resulted in the fallout of significant quantities of radiocesium over the Fukushima region. After reaching the soil surface, radiocesium is quickly bound to fine soil particles. Thereafter, rainfall and snowmelt run-off events transfer particle-bound radiocesium downstream. Characterizing the precipitation regime of the fallout-impacted region is thus important for understanding post-deposition radiocesium dynamics. Accordingly, 10 min (1995–2015) and daily precipitation data (1977–2015) from 42 meteorological stations within a 100 km radius of the FDNPP were analyzed. Monthly rainfall erosivity maps were developed to depict the spatial heterogeneity of rainfall erosivity for catchments entirely contained within this radius. The mean average precipitation in the region surrounding the FDNPP is 1420 mm yr−1 (SD 235) with a mean rainfall erosivity of 3696 MJ mm ha−1 h−1 yr−1 (SD 1327). Tropical cyclones contribute 22 % of the precipitation (422 mm yr−1) and 40 % of the rainfall erosivity (1462 MJ mm ha−1 h−1 yr−1 (SD 637)). The majority of precipitation (60 %) and rainfall erosivity (82 %) occurs between June and October. At a regional scale, rainfall erosivity increases from the north to the south during July and August, the most erosive months. For the remainder of the year, this gradient occurs mostly from northwest to southeast. Relief features strongly influence the spatial distribution of rainfall erosivity at a smaller scale, with the coastal plains and coastal mountain range having greater rainfall erosivity than the inland Abukuma River valley. Understanding these patterns, particularly their spatial and temporal (both inter- and intraannual) variation, is important for contextualizing soil and particle-bound radiocesium transfers in the Fukushima region. Moreover, understanding the impact of tropical cyclones will be important for managing sediment and sediment-bound contaminant transfers in regions impacted by these events.

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3

Shinano, T. "Review: Agricultural Countermeasure against Radiocesium Contaminated Field." Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 2, no. 4 (April 7, 2021): 228–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37871/jbres1217.

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In 2011, Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent tsunami caused severe damage on the TEPCO’s nuclear power plants in Fukushima prefecture. A large area of agricultural fields in Eastern Japan was suffered by substantial amount of radioactive materials (especially radiocesium) and tremendous efforts has been taken to remediate the contaminated fields. Though phytoremediation was expected to be effective to remove radiocesium, it did not work at least in this area. Actually physical decontamination was carried out, while it is still required to mitigate the transfer of the remaining radiocesium to the crops. For this purpose potassium application is adopted as a reliable method.

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4

Holleman, D. F., R. G. White, and A. C. Allaye-Chan. "Modelling of radiocesium transfer in the lichen-reindeer/caribou-wolf food chain." Rangifer 10, no. 3 (September 1, 1990): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.10.3.819.

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The environmental contaminate radiocesium (cesium-137) has been shown to be of value as a marker in food selection and intake studies. Its greatest potential value as a food marker is in the subarctic/arctic regions, particularly in the lichen to reindeer/caribou to wolf food chain. A kinetic model describing the movement of radiocesium through the food chain has been developed using the SAAM computer program and is presented here. The program has been written so that the various paramenters affecting the transfer of radiocesium in the food chain can be altered more realistically to describe the system being modeled. The values of the parameters as given in this example are realistic for interior Alaska, however caution should be exercised in the application of the present results to regions that may be vastly different from the Alaskan interior without first evaluating the parameters and assumptions of the model.

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5

Vitorovic, D., G. Vitorovic, B. Mitrovic, and V. Andric. "Natural sepiolite efficiency in reducing 137Cs transfer and deposition into meat and edible organs of broiler chickens." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, no. 2 (2011): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1102183v.

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The objectives of the present study were to examine the level of radiocesium deposit in meat and edible organs of broiler chickens as well as to investigate efficiency of natural sepiolite in reducing 137Cs deposition in meat, liver and gizzard of alimentary contaminated broiler chickens. Broiler chickens (six weeks of age) were fed with the standard diet and each broiler was given a single oral dose of 137Cs, total activity of 3750 Bq. The broilers were divided into two groups (10 broilers per group). The group 1 was control (received only radiocesium). The broilers of the group 2, in addition to radiocesium received natural sepiolite solution (2 g sepiolite per bird). After 24 hours, all broilers, from each group, were stunned and killed. The samples of meat, (breast and legs), liver and gizzard were taken from each broiler, for gamma spectrometry determination of radiocesium activity. After 24 hours of contamination, 56 % of introduced 137Cs radioactivity was deposited in the meat (breast and legs muscles), 1 % in the liver and 2,4 % in the gizzard of broiler chickens 42 days of age. Natural sepiolite demonstrated insufficient protective action. Compared to the control group, percentage reduction (decreasing percentage) of 137Cs deposition in meat was 16%, in liver 5% and in gizzard 12%.

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6

Jones, Bernt-E. V., Olof Eriksson, and Magnus Nordkvist. "Radiocesium metabolism in reindeer." Rangifer 10, no. 3 (September 1, 1990): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.10.3.822.

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Abstract: Early in the era of atmospheric nuclear weapon tests, the reindeer was found to be an interesting animal concerning the transfer of environmental radioactive contaminants to man via the production of contaminated reindeer meat. The reason for the high transfer factors for some radionuclides is the feeding habits of the reindeer with a substantial intake of lichens, especially in the wintertime. One effect of the seasonal changes in feeding is also a considerable cyclic, seasonal variation in radiocesium content of soft tissues. The effective half-life of radiocesium was determined to about 30 days in an experiment where a herd of reindeer was moved form a high (>20 kBq/m2137Cs) to a low (<3 kBq/m2 137Cs) contamination area. The fractional transfer of 137Cs, during natural grazing, was determined to about 0.65 d/kg during wintertime on the low- contamination area and about 0.30 d/kg in summertime grazing in a more contaminated area. The radiation dose received by reindeers in Sweden after the Chernobyl accident was calculated to <200 mSv/a. The dose rate would be highest during the later part of winter but would not exceed 1 mSv/d.

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7

Shizuma, Kiyoshi, Wim Ikbal Nursal, and Yushi Sakurai. "Long-Term Monitoring of Radiocesium Concentration in Sediments and River Water along Five Rivers in Minami-Soma City during 2012–2016 Following the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident." Applied Sciences 8, no. 8 (August 7, 2018): 1319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8081319.

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Radiocesium monitoring in sediments and river water has been conducted along five rivers in Minami-Soma City during 2012–2016 to clarify the temporal changes of radiocesium contamination in these rivers. Sampling has been performed annually under normal flow conditions. Sediment and river water samples were collected from four or five sampling sites along each river. Gamma-ray measurements of sediments were performed using a low-background Ge detector and unfiltered river water was utilized to determine radiocesium concentration using a well-type Ge detector. The 137Cs concentration in sediments was highest at upstream sites and slowly decreased to downstream sites for all rivers reflecting the high radioactive contamination in the upstream area. Temporal decrease of the 137Cs concentration was observed in sediments and river water for each river. The effective half-lives were 1.3–2.1 y for sediments, and 0.9–2.1 y for river water from rivers with upstream dams. On the undammed river, the effective half-lives were 4.7 y and 3.7 y for sediment and river water, respectively. Much longer effective-half-lives might reflect the direct transfer of radiocesium from forests and plains to the river. The 137Cs concentration in riverbed was low in downstream areas, however, accumulation of 137Cs over the floodplain was observed. Rapid decrease of 137Cs contamination through rivers will put residents at ease, but high accumulation of radiocesium over floodplains should be noted for future river decontamination.

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8

Lepage, H., O. Evrard, Y. Onda, I. Lefèvre, J. P. Laceby, and S. Ayrault. "Depth distribution of radiocesium in Fukushima paddy fields and implications for ongoing decontamination works." SOIL Discussions 1, no. 1 (September 19, 2014): 401–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soild-1-401-2014.

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Abstract. Large quantities of radiocesium were deposited across a 3000 km2 area northwest of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant after the March 2011 accident. Although many studies have investigated the fate of radiocesium in soil in the months following the accident, the potential migration of this radioactive contaminant in rice paddy fields requires further examination after the typhoons that occurred in this region. Such investigations will help minimize potential human exposure in rice paddy fields or transfer of radioactive contaminants from soils to rice. Radionuclide activity concentrations and organic content were analysed in 10 soil cores sampled from paddy fields in November 2013, 20 km north of the Fukushima power plant. Our results demonstrate limited depth migration of radiocesium with the majority concentrated in the uppermost layers of soils (< 5 cm). More than 30 months after the accident, 81.5 to 99.7% of the total 137Cs inventories was still found within the < 5 cm of the soil surface, despite cumulative rainfall totalling 3300 mm. Furthermore, there were no significant correlations between radiocesium migration depth and total organic carbon content. We attributed the maximum depth penetration of 137Cs to maintenance (grass cutting – 97% of 137Cs in the upper 5 cm) and farming operations (tilling – 83% of 137Cs in the upper 5 cm). As this area is exposed to erosive events, ongoing decontamination works may increase soil erodibility. We therefore recommend the rapid removal of the uppermost – contaminated – layer of the soil after removing the vegetation to avoid erosion of contaminated material during the subsequent rainfall events. Remediation efforts should be concentrated on soils characterised by radiocesium activities > 10 000 Bq kg−1 to prevent the contamination of rice. Further analysis is required to clarify the redistribution of radiocesium eroded on river channels.

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9

Evrard, Olivier, Thomas Chalaux-Clergue, Pierre-Alexis Chaboche, Yoshifumi Wakiyama, and Yves Thiry. "Research and management challenges following soil and landscape decontamination at the onset of the reopening of the Difficult-to-Return Zone, Fukushima (Japan)." SOIL 9, no. 2 (September 6, 2023): 479–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-479-2023.

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Abstract. Twelve years after the nuclear accident that occurred at the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) in March 2011, radiocesium contamination (with a large dominance of 137Cs, with a 30-year half-life) remains a major concern in various municipalities of north-eastern Japan. The Japanese authorities completed an unprecedented soil decontamination programme in residential and cultivated areas affected by the main radioactive plume (8953 km2). They implemented a complex remediation programme scheme to remediate soils that are fundamental to life on Earth, relying on different decision rules depending on the waste type, its contamination level and its region of origin, after delineating different zones exposed to contrasted radiation rates. The central objective was not to expose local inhabitants to radioactive doses exceeding 1 mSv yr−1 in addition to the natural levels. At the onset of the full reopening of the Difficult-to-Return Zone (DTRZ) in spring 2023, the current review provides an update of a previous synthesis published in 2019 (Evrard et al., 2019). Although this ambitious soil remediation and reconstruction programme has almost been completed in the 12 municipalities of Fukushima Prefecture in which an evacuation order was imposed in at least one neighbourhood in 2011, from the 147 443 inhabitants who lived there before the accident, only 29.9 % of them had returned by 2020. Waste generated by decontamination and tsunami cleaning/demolition work is planned to have been fully transported to (interim) storage facilities by the end of 2023. The cost of the operations conducted between 2011 and 2020 for the so-called “nuclear recovery” operations (including decontamination) was estimated by the Board of Audit of Japan in 2023 as JPY 6122.3 billion (∼ EUR 44 billion). Decontamination of cropland was shown to have impacted soil fertility, and potassium fertilisation is recommended to limit the transfer of residual radiocesium to new crops. In forests that cover 71 % of the surface area of Fukushima Prefecture and that were not targeted by remediation, radiocesium is now found in the upper mineral layer of the soil in a quasi-equilibrium state. Nevertheless, 137Cs concentrations in forest products (including wood for heating and construction, wild plants, wildlife game, mushrooms) often keep exceeding the threshold values authorised in Japan, which prohibits their exploitation in the area affected by the main plume. Radionuclides from forests were shown to be exported in dissolved and particle-bound forms to downstream river systems and floodplains, although multiple monitoring records showed the continuous decrease in radiocesium concentrations in both river water and sediment across the main plume between 2011 and 2021. Fish contamination is now generally found to be below the threshold limits although reputational damage remains a major concern for local fishing communities. The remobilisation of radiocesium from sediment accumulated in reservoirs of the region is also of potential concern as it may lead to secondary contamination of fish or irrigation waters supplied to decontaminated fields. Overall, this synthesis demonstrates the need to continue monitoring post-accidental radiocesium transfer in these environments and to keep sharing data in order to refine our predictive understanding of radiocesium mobility and consolidate the tools available to model contaminant transfer in ecosystems. In forests in particular, novel countermeasures and wood uses remain to be developed and tested. Furthermore, the hydrologic connectivity between soils under different ecosystems greatly influences long-term radiocesium transport. The consequences of extreme phenomena (e.g. typhoons, forest fires) that may become more frequent in the future as a result of global change in these contaminated environments should be further anticipated.

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10

Dvořák, Petr, Petr Snášel, and Katarína Beňová. "Transfer of Radiocesium into Wild Boar Meat." Acta Veterinaria Brno 79, no. 9 (2010): S85—S91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201079s9s085.

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The aim of the study was to find the sources of 137Cs in wild boar food in the natural ecosystem. The main emphasis is focused on the analyses of wild boar muscles and the content of wild boar stomach. Boars weighing 20 to 100 kg were killed at two locations. The highest specific activities of muscles were measured in boars originated from the Dvorce location; the average specific activity in boars killed on 14 April 2007 and 9 March 2008 achieved 132 Bq kg-1. Due to high fluctuation the differences between the mean values of 31 Bq kg-1 in males and 43 Bq kg-1 in females were not significant. Earthworms from grass fields with a specific activity of 16 Bq kg-1, rootlets from the Šabrava location with 200 Bq kg-1 and Elaphomyces granulatus fruiting bodies with 4,743 Bq kg-1 and 2,858 Bq kg-1 are the components of boar food with the 137Cs specific activities higher than that of the detection limit. Consequently, underground mushrooms probably represent the main source of radiocesium in the food chain of boars. A remarkable reduction of 137Cs specific activities in boar muscles is not expected at the post-Chernobyl radiocesium contaminated locations with the occurrence of Elaphomyces granulatus within next two decades.

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11

Shinano, Takuro, Toshihiro Watanabe, Qingnan Chu, Mitsuru Osaki, Daisuke Kobayashi, Toshiyasu Okouchi, Hisaya Matsunami, Osamu Nagata, Keiki Okazaki, and Takuji Nakamura. "Varietal difference in radiocesium uptake and transfer from radiocesium deposited soils in the genusAmaranthus." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 60, no. 6 (June 17, 2014): 809–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2014.922035.

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12

Tagami, Keiko, and Shigeo Uchida. "Mass Interception Fractions and Weathering Half-lives of Iodine-131 and Radiocesium in Leafy Vegetables Observed after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident." Journal of Radiation Protection and Research 46, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14407/jrpr.2021.00164.

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Background: This study was carried out to provide environmental transfer parameter values to estimate activity concentrations of these radionuclides in agricultural crops when direct contamination occurred.Materials and Methods: Mass interception fractions (<i>F<sub>B</sub></i>s) and weathering half-lives (<i>T<sub>w</sub></i>s) of 131I and radiocesium were calculated using openly available monitoring data obtained after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. <i>F<sub>B</sub></i> is the ratio between the initial radioactivity concentration of a radionuclide retained by the edible part of the plant (Bq‧ kg-1 fresh weight [FW]) and the amount of deposited radionuclide in that area (Bq‧m-2). <i>T<sub>w</sub></i> values can be calculated using activity concentrations of crops decreased with time after the initial contamination.Results and Discussion: Calculated <i>F<sub>B</sub></i> and <i>T<sub>w</sub></i> values for 131I and radiocesium were mostly obtained for leafy vegetables. The analytical results showed that there was no difference of <i>F<sub>B</sub></i>s between 131I and radiocesium by t-test; geometric mean values for leafy vegetables cultivated under outdoor conditions were 0.058 and 0.12 m2 ‧ kg-1 FW, respectively. Geometric mean <i>T<sub>w</sub></i> value of 131I in leafy vegetables grown under outdoor conditions was 8.6 days, and that of radiocesium was 6.6 days; there was no significant difference between <i>T<sub>w</sub></i> values of these radionuclides by Wilcoxon rank sum test.Conclusion: There was no difference between 131I and radiocesium for <i>F<sub>B</sub></i>s and <i>T<sub>w</sub></i>s. By using these factors, we would be able to carry out a rough estimation of the activity concentrations of 131I and radiocesium in the edible part of leafy crops when a nuclear accident occurred.

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13

Johanson, Karl J., Gunnel Karlen, and Jan Bertilsson. "The transfer of radiocesium from pasture to milk." Science of The Total Environment 85 (September 1989): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(89)90306-9.

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14

Evrard, Olivier, Caroline Chartin, J. Patrick Laceby, Yuichi Onda, Yoshifumi Wakiyama, Atsushi Nakao, Olivier Cerdan, et al. "Radionuclide contamination in flood sediment deposits in the coastal rivers draining the main radioactive pollution plume of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan (2011–2020)." Earth System Science Data 13, no. 6 (June 7, 2021): 2555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2555-2021.

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Abstract. Artificial radionuclides including radiocesium (134Cs and 137Cs) and radiosilver (110mAg) were released into the environment following the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident in March 2011. These particle-bound substances deposited on soils of north-eastern Japan, located predominantly within a ∼3000 km2 radioactive fallout plume and drained by several coastal rivers to the Pacific Ocean. The current dataset (Evrard et al., 2021), which can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.928594, compiles gamma-emitting artificial radionuclide activities measured in 782 sediment samples collected from 27 to 71 locations across catchments draining ∼6450 km2 during 16 fieldwork campaigns. These campaigns were conducted in Japan between November 2011 and November 2020 in river catchments draining the main radioactive plume. This database may be useful to evaluate and anticipate the post-accidental redistribution of radionuclides in the environment and for the spatial validation of models simulating the transfer of radiocesium across continental landscapes.

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15

Assimakopoulos, P. A., K. G. Ioannides, D. Karamanis, A. Lagoyannis, A. A. Pakou, Nikolaou E. Koutsotolis, A. Arkhipov, et al. "Ratios of Transfer Coefficients for Radiocesium Transport in Ruminants." Health Physics 69, no. 3 (September 1995): 410–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199509000-00016.

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16

Ioannides, K. G., C. A. Papachristodoulou, T. J. Mertzimekis, and C. E. Tzialla. "EFFECT OF SOIL AMENDMENTS ON RADIOCESIUM TRANSFER TO ALFALFA." Health Physics 84, no. 5 (May 2003): 637–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-200305000-00010.

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17

Gaso, M. I., M. L. Cervantes, N. Segovia, and S. Salazar. "Soil-fungi radiocesium transfer in forest ecosystems in Mexico." Environment International 22 (January 1996): 365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0160-4120(96)00132-8.

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18

Sakashita, Wataru, Satoru Miura, Akio Akama, Shinta Ohashi, Shigeto Ikeda, Tomoyuki Saitoh, Masabumi Komatsu, Yoshiki Shinomiya, and Shinji Kaneko. "Assessment of vertical radiocesium transfer in soil via roots." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 222 (October 2020): 106369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106369.

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19

Rahman, M., M. Rahman ., M. M. Rahman ., A. Koddus ., and G. U. Ahmad . "Transfer of Radiocesium from Soil-to-Plant by Field Experiment." Journal of Biological Sciences 7, no. 4 (May 1, 2007): 673–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2007.673.676.

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20

Rigol, Anna, Marta Camps, Anna De Juan, Gemma Rauret, and Miquel Vidal. "Multivariate Soft-Modeling To Predict Radiocesium Soil-to-Plant Transfer." Environmental Science & Technology 42, no. 11 (June 2008): 4029–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es702251y.

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21

Frissel, M. J., D. L. Deb, M. Fathony, Y. M. Lin, A. S. Mollah, N. T. Ngo, I. Othman, et al. "Generic values for soil-to-plant transfer factors of radiocesium." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 58, no. 2-3 (January 2002): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0265-931x(01)00061-3.

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22

Absalom, J. P., S. D. Young, N. M. J. Crout, A. F. Nisbet, R. F. M. Woodman, E. Smolders, and A. G. Gillett. "Predicting Soil to Plant Transfer of Radiocesium Using Soil Characteristics." Environmental Science & Technology 33, no. 8 (April 1999): 1218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9808853.

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23

Ishii, Yumiko, Hikaru Miura, Jaeick Jo, Hideki Tsuji, Rie Saito, Kazuma Koarai, Hiroki Hagiwara, et al. "Radiocesium-bearing microparticles cause a large variation in 137Cs activity concentration in the aquatic insect Stenopsyche marmorata (Tricoptera: Stenopsychidae) in the Ota River, Fukushima, Japan." PLOS ONE 17, no. 5 (May 20, 2022): e0268629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268629.

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After the Tokyo Electric Power Company Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in Japan, freshwater ecosystems near the site remained contaminated by radiocesium (RCs). Clarifying RCs concentrations in aquatic insects is crucial because fishes consume these insects that transfer RCs into freshwater ecosystems. As aquatic insects are usually measured for radioactivity in bulk samples of several tens of insects, variation in RCs concentration among individuals is not captured. In this study, we investigated the variability in 137Cs activity concentration in individual aquatic insects in detritivorous caddisfly (Stenopsyche marmorata) and carnivorous dobsonfly (Protohermes grandis) larvae from the Ota River, Fukushima. Caddisfly larvae showed sporadically higher radioactivity in 4 of the 46 caddisfly larvae, whereas no such outliers were observed in 45 dobsonfly larvae. Autoradiography and scanning electron microscopy analyses confirmed that these caddisfly larvae samples contained radiocesium-bearing microparticles (CsMPs), which are insoluble Cs-bearing silicate glass particles. CsMPs were also found in potential food sources of caddisfly larvae, such as periphyton and drifting particulate organic matter, indicating that larvae may ingest CsMPs along with food particles of similar size. Although CsMP distribution and uptake by organisms in freshwater ecosystems is relatively unknown, our study demonstrates that CsMPs can be taken up by aquatic insects.

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Eleftheriou, G., and M. Iøsjpe. "Towards the development of a radiological box model for Aegean Sea: considerations and perspectives." HNPS Proceedings 24 (April 1, 2019): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.2481.

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The development steps of the radiological box model of the Aegean Sea are presented here. The applied methodology combines all the available and necessary site specific information. The modelling approach includes terms describing the radionuclide dispersion into oceanic space with time (non-instantaneous mixing), while the model’s algorithms also cover whole processes of radionuclides’ transfer, bioaccumulation and doses assessment. The model includes 50 marine and sediment boxes, optimized based on experimental radiocesium measurements followed the Chernobyl accident. The process is expected to reveal the key parameters controlling the radionuclides’ fate as well as their effect on the model’s prediction.

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Ivanova, О. М., М. І. Chepurny, S. V. Masiuk, V. V. Vasylenko, M. S. Kuriata, V. B. Buderatska, Z. N. Boiko, et al. "METHODOLOGY OF RECONSTRUCTION OF INTERNAL DOSES FROM 137Cs AND 134Cs OF RESIDENTS OF RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED SETTLEMENTS IN UKRAINE NOT COVERED BY WBC MONITORING." Проблеми радіаційної медицини та радіобіології = Problems of Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology 29 (2024): 115–51. https://doi.org/10.33145/2304-8336-2024-29-115-151.

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Objective. Scientific justification of the methodology for calculating radiation internal doses from 137Cs and 134Cs intake for residents of Ukrainian settlements radioactively contaminated as a result of the Chornobyl (Chernobyl) accident in which measurements of incorporated radiocesium isotopes in humans using whole-body counters (WBC) were not carried out. Materials and methods. The paper presents a new methodology for reconstructing doses due to internal irradiation from Chornobyl fallout for both surface (in 1986) and root (in 1987–2023) contamination of vegetation with 137Cs and 134Cs and their transfer into the human body. The methodology for calculating the dose due to surface contamination of vegetation was based on the theoretical model of the transfer of radiocesium isotopes through the food chain with further adjustment of this model to the results of WBC measurements carried out between 15 July and 31 December 1986. For root intake, an ecological dosimetric model is used with the parameters determined by the types, quality and completeness of cow’s milk and WBC monitoring carried out in radioactively contaminated territories in 1987–2013. In the absence of WBC measurements, the doses were estimated considering the properties and specifics of radioactive contamination of environmental objects in each region: soil type, levels of soil and milk contamination, and milk equivalent. Results. A new methodology for reconstruction of internal doses from radionuclides 137Cs and 134Cs to residents of the territories of Ukraine radioactively contaminated due to the Chernobyl disaster is substantiated. The methodology is based on the analysis of all data obtained as the result of radioecological and dosimetric monitoring carried out in Ukraine after the accident. Conclusions. According to the methodology developed in the work, the calculation of annual internal doses to residents of settlements that were not covered by WBC monitoring is based on the measurements of the 137Cs activity in the milk of private farms, which were carried out in these settlements. In the absence of such measurements, a linear regression model which connect the incorporated in human body 137Cs with four groups of soils in the vicinity of the settlement is used for doses calculation. The doses calculated according to the new methodology agree with the doses derived directly from the results of WBC measurements. Key words: internal radiation; whole-body counter; radiation dose; radioactively contaminated territories; Chornobyl (Chernobyl) accident; radiocesium isotopes.

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26

Ravila, A., and E. Holm. "A survey of present levels of radiocesium in Swedish pulp mill liquors and the implications for wood radiocesium transfer factors." Science of The Total Environment 222, no. 3 (October 1998): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-9697(98)00300-3.

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UCHIDA, Shigeo, Misako SUMIYA, Setsuko YOKOSUKA, and Yoichiro OHMOMO. "Transfer of radionuclides to crop plants through roots. Radiocesium and strontium." RADIOISOTOPES 36, no. 11 (1987): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.36.11_575.

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28

Konoplev, A. V., R. Avila, and A. A. Bulgakov. "Model of radiocesium transfer from soil to understorey in forest ecosystems." Radioprotection 37, no. C1 (February 2002): C1–25—C1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2002049.

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29

Sukmabuana, Putu, I. Gede Pranawiditia, Rasito Tursinah, and Juni Chussetijowati. "Transfer factor of Radiocesium from soil to spinach plant (Amaranthus sp)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1436 (January 2020): 012110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1436/1/012110.

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30

Giese, W. W. "Countermeasures for reducing the transfer of radiocesium to animal derived foods." Science of The Total Environment 85 (September 1989): 317–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(89)90331-8.

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31

Pouil, Simon, Jean-Louis Teyssié, Scott W. Fowler, Marc Metian, and Michel Warnau. "Interspecific comparison of radiocesium trophic transfer in two tropical fish species." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 189 (September 2018): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.04.008.

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32

Hove, Knut, Hans Staaland, and Øyvind Pedersen. "Hexacyanoferrates and bentonite as binders of radiocaesium for reindeer." Rangifer 11, no. 2 (October 1, 1991): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.11.2.959.

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<p>The effects of varying doses of caesium binders (Bentonite and several forms of iron-hexacyanoferrates) on radiocaesium accumulation in red blood cells and on radiocaesium transfer to urine and faeces were studied in feeding experiments with reindeer calves. The caesium binders were added to a ration of lichen (containing 9.5 kBq of 134Cs+137Cs originating from the Chernobyl accident) and fed together with a pelleted reindeer feed (RF-71) for 42 days. A 50% reduction in red blood cell radiocaesium concentration was obtained with a daily dose of 1 mg/kg body weigth of ammoniumironhexacyanoferrate (AFCF) and with 500 mg/kg of bentonite. Three mg/kg of AFCF or 2 g/kg of bentonite reduced both urinary excretion and RBC concentrations with more than 80%. It is concluded that iron-hexacyanoferrates, as a result of their high caesium binding capacity, are particularly useful as caesium binders for free ranging ruminants like the reindeer.</p><p>Hexacynoferrater og bentonitt som bindere av radiocesium i rein</p><p>Abstract in Norwegian / Sammendrag: Effekten av bentonitt og ulike typer jernhexacyanoferrater (Berlinerblått) på akkumulering av radioaktivt cesium i røde blodlegemer og på utskilling av radioaktivt cesium i urin ble undersøkt i foringsforsøk med reinkalver. Cesiumbinderne ble gitt daglig sammen med lav som inneholdt 9.5 kBq 134Cs+137Cs fra Tsjernobyl ulykken, og 1 kg reinfor (RF-71) i en periode på 42 dager. En daglig dose på 1 mg/kg kroppsvekt av ammoniumjernhexacyano-ferrat (AFCF) reduserte radiocesiuminnholdet i blodlegemer med 50%, mens en dose pa 500 mg/kg bentonitt var nødvendig for å oppnå samme effekt. Tre mg/kg AFCF eller 2 g/kg/bentonitt var nødvendig for å oppnå mer enn 80% reduksjon i radiocesium konsentrasjonen i blodlegemer og i radiocesium utskilling med urinen. På grunn av de små daglige mengder som kreves er jern-hexacyanoferratene spesielt velegnete som cesiumbindere for beitedyr.</p>

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33

Takeda, Akira, Hirofumi Tsukada, Noriko Yamaguchi, Megumi Takeuchi, Mutsuto Sato, Atsushi Nakao, and Shun’ichi Hisamatsu. "Relationship between the radiocesium interception potential and the transfer of radiocesium from soil to soybean cultivated in 2011 in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 137 (November 2014): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.06.022.

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34

Fujimura, Shigeto, Tetsuya Eguchi, Hisaya Matsunami, Takeshi Ota, Toshifumi Murakami, Tetsuya Ishikawa, Tomoyuki Makino, et al. "Transfer Factors of Radiocesium to Brown Rice in the Decontaminated Paddy Field." Japanese journal of crop science 85, no. 2 (2016): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/jcs.85.211.

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35

Nisbet, A. F., and R. F. M. Woodman. "SOIL-TO-PLANT TRANSFER FACTORS FOR RADIOCESIUM AND RADIOSTRONTIUM IN AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS." Health Physics 78, no. 3 (March 2000): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-200003000-00005.

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36

Yasutaka, Tetsuo, Hiroko Miyoshi, and Kaoru Ito. "Transfer of radiocesium from hydroponic medium to potherb mustard and tomato plants." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 60, no. 6 (June 20, 2014): 818–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2014.905871.

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37

Sato, Mamoru, Daisuke Takata, Keitaro Tanoi, Tsutomu Ohtsuki, and Yasuyuki Muramatsu. "Radiocesium transfer into the fruit of deciduous fruit trees contaminated during dormancy." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 61, no. 1 (November 5, 2014): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2014.975103.

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38

Pietrzak-Flis, Z., P. Krajewski, G. Krajewska, and N. R. Sunderland. "Transfer of radiocesium from uncultivated soils to grass after the Chernobyl accident." Science of The Total Environment 141, no. 1-3 (January 1994): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(94)90024-8.

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39

Howard, B. J., R. W. Mayes, N. A. Beresford, and C. S. Lamb. "Transfer of Radiocesium from Different Environmental Sources to Ewes and Suckling Lambs." Health Physics 57, no. 4 (October 1989): 579–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-198910000-00009.

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40

Ioannides, K. G., A. S. Mantzios, and C. P. Pappas. "Influence of Prussian Blue in Reducing Transfer of Radiocesium into Ovine Milk." Health Physics 60, no. 2 (February 1991): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199102000-00014.

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41

Gradašević, Nedzad, and Muhamed Katica. "Transfer of 40K and 137Cs from diet into meat of ruminants: analogy or not?" Meso 19, no. 4 (2017): 338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31727/m.19.4.2.

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The study of transfer coefficients and concentration ratios of 40K and 137Cs was performed in order to investigate the bioavailability and potential analogy relationships of observed radionuclides in the chain of animal production of ruminants. Sampling of material was performed at small individual farms situated inside the three regional livestock areas in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Transfer coefficients and concentration ratios of 40K and 137Cs were calculated for beef and sheep meat. Obtained results were in accordance with literature data with average transfer coefficient values for 40K and 137Cs in beef of 0.017 and 0.058 d kg-1, respectively; whilst the same values for the sheep meat were higher (0.104 and 0.341). Average values for concentration ratios of 40K and 137Cs were equilibrated between the species (beef: 0.125 and 0.418; sheep meat: 0.136 and 0.443). Obtained results indicated on the hidden analogy between observed radionuclides, covered by the homeostatic control of potassium in ruminants. The study confirmed the use of potasssium compounds for reduction of radiocesium contamination in ruminants.

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42

Evrard, Olivier, J. Patrick Laceby, and Atsushi Nakao. "Effectiveness of landscape decontamination following the Fukushima nuclear accident: a review." SOIL 5, no. 2 (December 12, 2019): 333–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-333-2019.

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Abstract. The Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident in March 2011 resulted in the contamination of Japanese landscapes with radioactive fallout. Accordingly, the Japanese authorities decided to conduct extensive remediation activities in the impacted region to allow for the relatively rapid return of the local population. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the decontamination strategies and their potential effectiveness in Japan, focussing on particle-bound radiocesium. In the Fukushima Prefecture, the decision was taken to decontaminate the fallout-impacted landscapes in November 2011 for the 11 municipalities evacuated after the accident (Special Decontamination Zone – SDZ – 1117 km2) and for the 40 non-evacuated municipalities affected by lower, although still significant, levels of radioactivity (Intensive Contamination Survey Areas, 7836 km2). Decontamination activities predominantly targeted agricultural landscapes and residential areas. No decontamination activities are currently planned for the majority of forested areas, which cover ∼75 % of the main fallout-impacted region. Research investigating the effectiveness of decontamination activities underlined the need to undertake concerted actions at the catchment scale to avoid renewed contamination from the catchment headwaters after the completion of remediation activities. Although the impact of decontamination on the radioactive dose rates for the local population remains a subject of debate in the literature and in the local communities, outdoor workers in the SDZ represent a group of the local population that may exceed the long-term dosimetric target of 1 mSv yr−1. Decontamination activities generated ∼20 million m3 of soil waste by early 2019. The volume of waste generated by decontamination may be decreased through incineration of combustible material and recycling of the less contaminated soil for civil engineering structures. However, most of this material will have to be stored for ∼30 years at interim facilities opened in 2017 in the vicinity of the FDNPP before being potentially transported to final disposal sites outside of the Fukushima Prefecture. Further research is required to investigate the perennial contribution of radiocesium from forest sources. In addition, the re-cultivation of farmland after decontamination raises additional questions associated with the fertility of remediated soils and the potential transfer of residual radiocesium to the plants. Overall, we believe it is important to synthesise the remediation lessons learnt following the FDNPP nuclear accident, which could be fundamental if a similar catastrophe occurs somewhere on Earth in the future.

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Kato, Hiroaki, Yuichi Onda, Xiang Gao, Yukihisa Sanada, and Kimiaki Saito. "Reconstruction of a Fukushima accident-derived radiocesium fallout map for environmental transfer studies." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 210 (December 2019): 105996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.105996.

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44

Soliman, SM, Ahmed A. Moursy, and HS Eissab. "Effects of potassium fertilization on Radiocaesium transfer from sandy soil to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 48, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v48i2.47687.

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Uptake and translocation of radiocesium artificially added to sand soil cultivated with barley as affected by different rates of potassium were traced in outdoor pot experiment. Experimental soil was contaminated with 0.01 and 0.1 mM 137Cs equal to (200 and 400 Bq/kg) in the form of CsCl and incubated for 14 days prior to 150 days plant growth period. The transfer factor (TF) average values from soil-to-total biomass were found to range from 0.40 up to 0.53 as affected by interaction between tested treatments. Increasing K rates from 125 to 250 kg/ha markedly reduced the mean averages of TFs of 137Cs from soil-to-roots by about 24 to 68%, respectively and from soil-to-total biomass by about 36 and 74%, respectively lower than corresponding control. In all cases, the discrimination factor was below unity, indicating that Cs is less efficiently absorbed from soil than its nutrient analogue K.

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45

Besson, B., L. Pourcelot, E. Lucot, and P. M. Badot. "Variations in the transfer of radiocesium (137Cs) and radiostrontium (90Sr) from milk to cheese." Journal of Dairy Science 92, no. 11 (November 2009): 5363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2357.

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46

TONOSAKI, Mario. "The Transfer of Radiocesium to Tree Stem and the Safely Utilization of Wood Products." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 18, no. 6 (2013): 6_80–6_81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.18.6_80.

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47

Howard, B. J., N. A. Beresford, and K. Hove. "Transfer of Radiocesium to Ruminants in Natural and Semi-natural Ecosystems and Appropriate Countermeasures." Health Physics 61, no. 6 (December 1991): 715–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199112000-00002.

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48

Pan, Ke, and Wen-Xiong Wang. "Radiocesium uptake, trophic transfer, and exposure in three estuarine fish with contrasting feeding habits." Chemosphere 163 (November 2016): 499–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.066.

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49

Li, Peiran, Yingting Gong, Taku Tanaka, Yves Thiry, Qiliang Huang, and Masakazu Komatsuzaki. "Modeling long-term transfers of radiocesium in farmland under different tillage and cover crop treatments." Science of The Total Environment 907 (January 2024): 167849. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167849.

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50

Noordijk, H., K. E. van Bergeijk, J. Lembrechts, and M. J. Frissel. "Impact of ageing and weather conditions on soil-to-plant transfer of radiocesium and radiostrontium." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 15, no. 3 (January 1992): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0265-931x(92)90063-y.

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