Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Radioactive ion beam facilities'
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Podadera, Aliseda Ivan. "New developments on preparation of cooled and bunched radioactive ion beams at ISOL-Facilities: the ISCOOL project and the rotating wall cooling." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6619.
The first innovation which is described is the design of an ion trap for the cooling and bunching of RIB's for ISOLDE, the so-called ISCOOL (ISOLDE COOLer). It is an Radio Frequency Quadrupole ion Cooler and Buncher (RFQCB), device based on the Paul traps. In these traps, the ions are confined in the three dimensions by electric fields. The ions are confined on the transverse plane with the pseudopotential well created by the Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) and focused on the longitudinal axis. At the same time, a gas (normally helium) fills the chamber with a pressure between 10-3 and 10-2 mbar. The collisions between the atoms or molecules of the gas and the ions. In addition, to drive the ions to the extraction of the RFQCB, an axial electric field is created by segmented electrodes. Different voltages are applied to these electrodes in order to choose the shape of the field. The shape can be chosen to create a potential well close to the extraction from the RFQCB in which the ions are accumulated and extracted as bunches, by the fast-switch of the voltages applied to the axial electrodes.
The new ISCOOL will be installed as a permanent device of the ISOLDE beam lines.
Ajayakumar, Anjali. "In gas jet laser spectroscopy optimization for high resolution measurement of actinides." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023NORMC267.
The Super Separator Spectrometer-Low Energy Branch (S3-LEB) is a low-energy radioactive ion beam experimental setup under commissioning as part of the GANIL-SPIRAL2 facility. In this thesis work, the off-line commissioning of the S3-LEB setup, including first laser spectroscopy measurements in both the gas cell and the supersonic gas jet, the determination of the transport efficiency of laser ions from the gas cell through the RFQ chain, and time-of-flight measurements with the multi-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer PILGRIM are discussed. The measurements were performed using erbium, introduced by evaporation from a heated filament in the gas environment. The reported laser spectroscopy results include a characterization of the pressure broadening in the gas cell and proof-of principle isotope shift and hyperfine-structure measurements. This work proves the potential of the setup to conduct the future online tests, where erbium is chosen as the first case for online commissioning. Offline laser ionization and spectroscopy of uranium and americium from the actinide series have been discussed. This thesis work also includes technical developments such as the implementation of the titanium sapphire laser systems and a dedicated entrance window test bench for the S3-LEB. A continuous wave diode-pumped laser system has been built for high-resolution laser spectroscopy application. Americium laser spectroscopy measurements at RISIKO present the potential of such a laser system in performing high-resolution measurements in actinides
DONZELLA, Antonietta. "Containment of Radioactive Hazard and Environmental Impact in a Radioactive ION Beam Facility." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Brescia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11379/544080.
Vadas, Jessica Elizabeth. "Probing the Fusion of Neutron-Rich Nuclei with Modern Radioactive Beam Facilities." Thesis, Indiana University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13423478.
Fusion in neutron-rich environments is presently a topic of considerable interest. For example, the optical emission spectrum from the neutron star merger GRB170817A clearly establishes this neutron-rich environment as an important nucleosynthetic site. Fusion of neutron-rich light nuclei in the outer crust of an accreting neutron star has also been proposed as responsible for triggering X-ray super-bursts. The underlying hypothesis in this proposition is that the fusion of neutron-rich nuclei is enhanced as compared to stable nuclei. A good approach to understand how fusion proceeds in neutron-rich nuclei is to measure the fusion excitation function for an isotopic chain of nuclei. Modern radioactive beam facilities provide the opportunity to systematically address this question. An experimental program has been established to measure the fusion excitation function for light and mid-mass neutron-rich nuclei using low-intensity radioactive beams. The technique was initially demonstrated by measuring the fusion excitation functions for 18O and 19O nuclei incident on a 12C target. The beam of 19O ions was produced by the 18O(d,p) reaction with an intensity of 2-4 x 104 p/s at Florida State University. Evaporation residues resulting from the de-excitation of the fusion product were distinguished by measuring their energy and time-of-flight. To explore mid-mass neutron-rich nuclei much further from stability, the fusion excitation functions for 39,47K + 28Si were measured using the ReA3 reaccelerator facility at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory at Michigan State University. Incident ions were identified on a particle-by-particle basis by ΔE-TOF just upstream of the target. Fusion products were directly measured and identified by the E-TOF technique with an efficiency of ~70%. The measured fusion excitation functions for both the light and mid-mass systems have been compared to various theoretical models to elucidate how structure and dynamics impact the fusion of neutron-rich nuclei.
Morgan, Breckenridge S. "Highly pervious liquid metal target systems for radioactive ION beam generation." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1999. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA365380.
Davis, Lance Garth. "Design of a helium-6 production target for the iThemba LABS Radioactive-ion Beam Facility." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6840.
It is well known, that there is a severe lack of information available pertaining to neutron rich nuclei, specifically of those nuclei with mass numbers ≥ 60. These neutron rich nuclei are not easy to access in current experimental facilities or be produced with sufficient yield to allow for it to be studied. In order to expand our understanding of nuclear physics by studying the properties and characteristics of these nuclei, the development of new facilities producing Radioactive-ion Beams (RIBs) is required. The applications for RIBs are wide, allowing for deeper investigations into the properties of nuclei, their interactions and the manner in which they were formed in the early universe. Additionally, there are various interdisciplinary fields such as medicine, biology and material science in which RIBs can be utilized as a driving mechanism for new research and technological innovation. The iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences (iThemba LABS), South Africa, has proposed a new facility for the production and acceleration of radioactive-ion beams (RIBs). The RIB Project is to be developed in sequential phases and would produce a range of neutron-rich isotopes for low-energy materials science and nuclear physics research. Of specific interest, is the production of the Helium-6 isotope (6He), for its potential applications in various areas of nuclear physics research. The aim of this research work was to design, model and optimise a RIB production target capable of producing high intensity 6He beams, guided by the characteristics of the primary proton beam available for use at iThemba LABS. This research work/design study is however limited, due to the absence of experimentally measured and verified 6He cross section data for proton induced reactions on the proposed target materials (Graphite and Boron Carbide). However, best-estimate approaches were adopted through the use of validated computer codes. Additionally, all 6He yield results are presented as in-target yields, as this study did not cover the diffusion (isotope release) efficiency of the target systems in question. Three RIB production targets types were investigated using Graphite, Boron Carbide and Beryllium Oxide as potential target materials. Following numerous optimisation processes, a Boron Carbide RIB target was converged upon, proving to be suitable for the production of high intensity 6He beams at iThemba LABS, by meeting the material thermal and mechanical limiting criteria for operation. This target system was found to produce an in-target 6He yield rate of 2 ~ 3 x 1011 6He/s, considered sufficient for experimental application at iThemba LABS.
Butterworth, James Ernest. "A new large acceptance, position sensitive bragg detector for studies of exotic nuclei at radioactive beam facilities." Thesis, University of York, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535051.
Herfurth, Frank. "A new ion beam cooler and buncher for ISOLTRAP and mass measurements of radioactive argon isotopes." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=961842520.
Densham, Christopher John. "Design and development of a tantalum foil target for the production of high intensity radioactive beams." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365727.
Bilheux, Jean-Christophe. "Design studies of high-power fast diffusion-release targets and fast vapor-transport systems for radioactive ion beam." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003VERS0009.
Marazula, Thandazile. "The activation of stable isotopes, their migration in soil and groundwater at a radionuclide production facility : a case study in Faure, Cape Town, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2777.
The iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences (iThemba LABS or iTL), a facility governed by the National Research Foundation (NRF) based in Cape Town has embarked on a project called the South African Isotope Facility (SAIF). Part of the SAIF will be a project called the Low Energy Radioactive Ion Beam (LERIB) for the production of radioactive beams with the Separated Sector Cyclotron (SSC). The LERIB project is anticipated to generate significant prompt sources of ionising radiation such as neutrons displaced by protons during bombardment of targets. At present, the facility has 3 - 5 m thick concrete walls designed to shield against 200 MeV neutrons. The floor thickness varies from each vault according to the behaviour and characteristics of the produced radiation. The LERIB facility concrete floor is envisioned to be 1 m thick. Insufficient floor shielding might expose the sub-surface strata below the floor with ionising radiation. Some matter in the exposed strata might undergo activation and consequently produce undesirable radioactive isotopes. Exposure to radioactive isotopes can pose potential risks to the general public and the receiving environment. In the sub-surface, the activated isotopes can spread through the soil and groundwater bodies. Groundwater being mobile in nature might act as conduit for activated isotopes to migrate in the subsurface. The half-lives of the formed radionuclides were used to estimate the distance the radionuclides can migrate in the sub-surface before decay. The X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Inductive Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) were used to quantify the mass fraction of elements from soil and groundwater samples. The Inductive Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to measure dissolved metals of major and minor oxides in groundwater samples. These scientific techniques were applied in order to measure mass fractions of elements present in the sub-surface anticipated to be exposed with neutron radiation. Results revealed that the sub-surface in the study site constitutes Si, Al, Na and Fe in abundance. This suggests that, these elements might have a high probability to undergo activation compared to those occurring at lower concentrations, such as minor and trace elements. However the neutron capture cross-section for these elements varies and hence some elements such as Si and Al were not activated. To investigate elements measured from the ICP-MS, ICP-OES and XRF which might undergo activation, soil and water samples were irradiated for an hour with neutrons from a Beryllium target from a range of 0 – 66 MeV energy. The results revealed that activating the sub-surface with neutron radiation will result to the formation of short and long-lived unstable isotopes. However, isotopes with long half-lives such as 22Na, 52Mn, 54Mn and 46Sc only occurred in soil samples and none measured from the water samples except a short-lived isotope 24Na. These results agrees with the reviewed literature that, water being a product of two hydrogens and one oxygen, with 1H from H2O considered to be a good neutron moderator should have absorbed the neutrons so as to reduce neutron capture cross-sections.
Day, Goodacre Thomas. "Developments of the ISOLDE RILIS for radioactive ion beam production and the results of their application in the study of exotic mercury isotopes." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/developments-of-the-isolde-rilis-for-radioactive-ion-beam-production-and-the-results-of-their-application-in-the-study-of-exotic-mercury-isotopes(02c79aff-86c7-4eaf-8701-f70c0ccdcdd4).html.
Nibart, Vincent. "Projet PIAFE : transport d'ions exotiques de basse énergie sur longue distance." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10019.
"New developments on preparation of cooled and bunched radioactive ion beams at ISOL-Facilities: the ISCOOL project and the rotating wall cooling." Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2006. http://www.tesisenxarxa.net/TDX-0922109-121453/.
Froese, Michael Wayne. "The TITAN electron beam ion trap: assembly, characterization, and first tests." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/288.
October 2006
Herfurth, Frank [Verfasser]. "A new ion beam cooler and buncher for ISOLTRAP and mass measurements of radioactive argon isotopes / presented by Frank Herfurth." 2001. http://d-nb.info/961842520/34.
Kuchi, V., and P. Jardin. "Grain size influence on the release of radioactive isotopes out of target materials made of powder." 2017. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A31632.
Teigelhöfer, Andrea. "Isotope shift and hyperfine structure measurements on silver, actinium and astatine by in-source resonant ionization laser spectroscopy." 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32217.
October 2017
Kapler, Ryan W. "The elastic scattering of deuterons on ¹³²Sn." 2009. http://etd.utk.edu/2009/May2009Theses/KaplerRyanW.pdf.
"2009." Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10155/127.
University of Ontario Institute of Technology
Vetter, Ulrich. "Lanthanide Doped Wide Band Gap Semiconductors: Intra-4f Luminescence and Lattice Location Studies." Doctoral thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-B555-B.