Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Radicals of ideals'

Orientador : Miguel Ferrero
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Científica
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Resumo: Não informado
Abstract: Not informed
Doutorado
Doutor em Ciências

The Sweden Democrats has become the third largest party in Sweden after the parliamentary elections in 2014. Ever since the party was founded in 1988, debates regarding the party’s policy has been of great interests but also the party’s ideological affiliation whether to classify it as a populist radical right party or not. Furthermore, many scientists have arrived at the conclusion that the Sweden Democrats should be seen as a populist radical right party. This conclusion makes it interesting to further investigate what ideological affilitation the party should identify itself with since the party itself argues to be a social conservative party with a nationalist ethos. With this in mind, the purpose of this study is to examine if the party has populist radical right fundamentals in its recent policy program through the use of the method idea analysis and through the use of creating an ideal type of the theory populist radical right. In addition, it has thus been possible to confirm or to deny the Sweden Democrats as a populist radical right party. The result of this thesis has shown that the policy program does consist of populist radical right elements. Hence, it has been concluded that the Sweden Democrats should be categorized as a populist radical right party.

This dissertation demonstrates that Sarah Orne Jewett’s The Country of the Pointed Firs (1896), Mary Hunter Austin’s The Land of Little Rain (1906), Kate Chopin’s The Awakening (1899), and Mary Wilkins Freemans The Portion of Labor (1903) exemplify the radical politics and aesthetics that late nineteenth-century literary regionalism shares with the Arts and Crafts Movement. Despite considerable feminist critical accomplishments, scholarship on regionalism has yet to relate its rural folkways, feminine aesthetics, and anti-urban stance to similar ideals in the Arts and Crafts Movement. Jewett, Austin, Chopin, and Freeman all depict the challenges of the regional woman artist in order to oppose the uniformity and conventionality of urban modernity. They were not alone in engaging these concerns: they shared these interests with period feminists, sexual radicals, and advocates of the Arts and Crafts Movement like John Ruskin and William Morris, all of whom deeply questioned industrial capitalism and modernization. Jewett, Austin, Chopin, and Freeman envisioned women’s Arts and Crafts communities that appealed to readers through narratives that detailed the potential uniqueness of homemade decorative arts and other aspects of women’s material culture. For Arts and Crafts advocates and regionalists, handcrafted goods made using local folk methods and natural materials fulfilled what they saw as the aesthetic requirements for artistic self-definition: The Country of the Pointed Firs and The Land of Little Rain embrace the destabilizing effect queer and feminist characters have on a presumably heterosexual domestic environment, and they formally resist the narrative structures of industrial modernity, emphasizing the Arts and Crafts ideal union between woman artist, natural environment, and communal bonds. The Awakening and The Portion of Labor expose the suffocating impact of industrial capitalism and sexism on women artists who strive for connection with their local environments and communities and cannot achieve their creative goals. I prove that all four texts do more than simply interpret regionalism through the Arts and Crafts Movement as a means to launch their critiques of industrial modernity, they transform the meaning of regionalist Arts and Crafts aesthetics and politics in late nineteenth-century American literature.

La tesi affronta la costruzione della corrispondenza tra oggetti algebrici, ideali nell'anello dei polinomi, e oggetti geometrici, le varietà, e lo studio del loro comportamento sia nel caso affine che nel caso proiettivo.

In an age of Revolution, when the rights of the individual were being fought for, Anna Letitia Barbauld was at the centre of the ideological debate. This thesis focuses on her political writing; it argues that she was more radical than previously thought. It provides new evidence of Barbauld’s close connection to an international network of reformers. Motivated by her Dissenting faith, her poems suggest that she made topical interventions which linked humanitarian concerns to wider abuses of power. This thesis traces Barbauld’s intellectual connections to seventeenth- and eighteenth-century religious and political thought. It examines her dialogues with the leading thinkers of her era, in particular Joseph Priestley. Setting her political writing in the context of the 1790s pamphlet wars, I argue that it is surprising that her 1792 pamphlet, Civic Sermons, escaped prosecution; its criticism of the government has similarities to the ideas of writers who were tried. My analysis of Barbauld’s political and socio-economic ideas suggests that, unlike many of her contemporaries, she trusted ordinary people, believing that they had a right to be involved in government. She argued that intellectuals should provide them with information but not tell them what to think. These democratic ideas were reflected in her literary approach; she employed different genres to reach different audiences. She critiqued and used the discourses of enthusiasm and sensibility to appeal to the emotions of her readers. I argue that, by adapting the traditionally male genre of political pamphlets, her work was part of a tradition of progressive female political thought dating back to the seventeenth century. Her innovative defence of civil liberties contributed to the development of liberalism.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-144).
One of the more stable findings in the "diffusion and knowledge utilization" literature is that simple innovations. those compatible with the existing practices in a field. are spread more easily than those which challenge standard practice. Yet it is the more radical innovations that hold special promise for advancing the practice of a field. Using an action research methodology. the author studied the diffusion of radical innovations in two very different programmatic settings. first in an undergraduate affirmative action program on a university campus and later in a philanthropic-driven effort to fund charitable work with recoverable investments rather than grants--a practice that is called "program-related Investing." The two programs together served as test cases--one as a precipitating paradox and the other as a conscious experiment--in overcoming barriers to the diffusion of an important category of innovations: innovations that require individuals to practice in new ways and acquire new skills, that cause some disruption to the broader organization and that involve the "soft" technologies of knowledge rather than the "hard" material technologies. The literature treated diffuser's descriptions of their innovations as self-evident. whereas the author found that diffusers of these radical. practice innovations unintentionally gave incomplete and in some cases misleading descriptions of their work. An argument is made that effective description must do more than represent the original innovation with some accuracy. It must enable diffusers to teach those aspects of their practice which am difficult for them to make explicit by including opportunities for practicing side-by -side. whether these be through simulated practice worlds or actual ones. It must also enable appropriate transformation of the innovation. This can be best accomplished by structuring a dialogue between diffusers and (potential) users to lift up multiple descriptions of the practice. It is the process of comparing such descriptions that allows diffusers and users to build up an understanding both of the essence of the innovation and of ways in which transformations may preserve or damage this essence.
by Kalyn Culler Cohen.
Ph.D.

This thesis analyses the emergence of Cuba as a sovereign nation, and the political corruption that plagued the republic. It investigates in detail, not only the independence movement that established this republic in its various wars against the Spanish empire, and its fracture and fission under the emerging power of the United States, but also the impact that this had on Cuban politics, and the consequences for Cuba’s native would-be rulers. The aim is to develop an understanding of what became of the veterans of the wars of liberation, and further the somewhat neglected subject of the relationship of the official Veterans’ organisations with the political parties and associations of the republican period. A short conclusion summarises the arguments and suggests further avenues of research.

This thesis analyses ideas of gender in the Swedish radical right. The aim of the study is to see if there are any differences or similarities in the way gender is being formulated by a populist radical right party as the Sweden Democrats (Sverigedemokraterna), the extreme right party, Party of the Swedes (Svenskarnas Parti) and the extreme right movement Swedish Resistance Movement (Svenska Motståndsrörelsen). Ideas of gender are presented in the theory chapter which is used later on in the analysis to compare with the radical right organisations of Sweden. To fulfil the aim we have performed a comparative ideological analysis between the three organisations and the base for our analysis is texts from each organisation’s webpage. The study shows that the ideological differences concerning gender between populism and extremism in the Swedish radical right are relatively small

Nesta tese, estudamos extensões normalizantes de anéis. Mais precisamente, R é um anel semiprimo e S é uma extensão normalizante livre de torção de R. Estendemos os resultados obtidos para bimódulos em [M. Ferrero, Closed submodules of normalizing bimodules over semiprime rings, Comm. Algebra, a aparecer], para as extensões de anéis e introduzimos o conceito de módulo R-essencialmente normalizante. Em particular, construímos a extensão canônica livre de torção S* de S. Além disso, obtemos uma correspondência biunívoca entre ideais fechados, ideais primos fechados e ideais semiprimos fechados de S, S é S0, onde S0 é o normalizador de R em S*. Também provamos alguns resultados referentes a tipos especiais de ideais primos e radicais de anéis.
In this thesis we study normalizing extensions of rings. More preciselly, R is a semiprime ring and S is a torsion-free normalizing extension of R. We extend the results obtained in [M. Ferrero, Closed submodules of normalizing bimodules over semiprime rings, Comm. Algebra, to appear] for bimodules to rings extensions and we introduce the concept of R-essentially normalizing module. In particular, we construct the canonical torsion-free extension S* of S. Moreover, we obtain a one-to-one correspondence between closed ideals, closed prime ideals and closed semiprime ideals of S, S* and S0, where S0 is the normalizer of R in S*. Also, we prove some results referring to special types of prime ideals and radicals of rings.

Disruptive changes driven by sustainability, new technology and servitization challenge companies’ current products and business models. This increases the interest in radical innovations, and consequently the interest to capture radical ideas. At the same time, globalization increases the importance for digital tools in order to connect and communicate between different geographical locations. An idea management system (IMS) allows large, global companies to conduct idea management in a structured way throughout the entire company. This study aims to investigate and identify factors important for the implementation of an IMS in companies that operates globally. This is done with a case study at a company in the automotive industry who is standing before an industrial transformation. In order to analyze the empirical findings two existing frameworks is combined into an empirical classification framework. The previous literature and the empirical analysis identified three important themes; process, culture and system. The discussion around the three themes allowed for a connection between the empirical findings and the previous literature, leading to conclusions regarding the implementation of an IMS. The study firstly concludes that finding ideas is no problem, it is more important to have the right processes in place for handling ideas. One of the key aspects is individual motivation and that the system is used for learning rather than performing. A risk identified was that goals within large companies may conflict with goals of radical innovation, which highlights the importance of flexible leadership and flexible systems within the company. The IMS should start with basic features and start at selected markets, allowing feedback from the IMS ambassadors to assist in the future development of the system. Categorizing ideas and using monthly campaigns for specific problem areas can facilitate the handling of a large number of ideas, preventing the IMS from becoming a “black hole” where ideas are submitted and then disappear.
Hållbarhet, ny teknologi och tjänstefiering är förändringar som utmanar dagens företags produktutbud och affärsmodeller. Intresset för radikala innovationer har i och med det ökat och som en konsekvens av det, även bidragit med ett ökat intresse av att fånga radikala idéer inom organisationen. Samtidigt har globaliseringen ökat betydelsen av digitala verktyg för anknytning och kommunikation mellan olika geografiska platser. Ett idéhanteringssystem (förkortning IMS) möjliggör strukturerad idéhantering genom hela företaget, för stora globala företag. Målet med studien var att undersöka och identifiera faktorer som anses viktiga för implementering av ett idéhanteringssystem i stora globala företag. Detta har gjorts genom en fallstudie på ett företag inom fordonsindustrin, som står inför en stor industriell förändring. För att analysera den insamlade empiriska datan har två existerande ramverk kombinerats till ett ramverk för empirisk klassificering. Tidigare litteratur och den empiriska analysen identifierade tre viktiga teman: process, kultur och system. Diskussionen kring dessa tre teman möjliggjorde för kopplingar mellan de empiriska fynden och tidigare litteratur, vilket gav slutsatser angående implementeringen av ett idéhanteringssystem. En av studiens första slutsatser var att mängden idéer inom en organisation inte är ett problem. Det är viktigare att ha processer på plats för att hantera idéerna. En av nyckelaspekterna var att individuell motivation och att systemet bör användas för lärande snarare än prestation. En risk med målsättning identifierades, det visade att mål hos stora företag kan strida mot mål för radikala innovationer, vilket lyfter vikten av ett flexibelt ledarskap och flexibla system inom företaget. I startfasen bör idéhanteringssystemet satsa på grundläggande funktioner och testas hos utvalda marknader, vilket möjliggör utveckling av systemet genom återkoppling från systemets ambassadörer. Månatliga kampanjer och kategorisering av idéer underlättar hanteringen av stora mängder idéer, vilket motverkar att idéhanteringssystemet blir ett ”svart hål” där idéer skickas in och försvinner.

The aim of the present thesis is to study radical criticism of psychiatry in public discussion in Sweden between 1968 and 1973. Although it was not the first time psychiatry had been challenged, the debate during these years displayed an unprecedented intensity. What is mental illness – a myth, an etiquette, an illusion? Is psychiatry a means of social control? Such were the questions raised at the time. In my thesis, I study the contexts as well as the arguments of these discussions. To this end, a great variety of sources have been consulted: books, newspapers, magazines, films etc. In part, the Swedish debate on psychiatry ran parallel to international discussions on the topic, which have been regarded as a manifestation of anti-psychiatry. This standpoint is often associated with psychiatrists such as R. D. Laing, David Cooper and Thomas Szasz. In my thesis, I challenge the concept of anti-psychiatry, arguing that other concepts are better suited to capture the diversity of the debate in all its nuances. Thus, I make use of radical and reformatory criticism – concepts which have been suggested by the sociologist Tommy Svensson – while also seeking to develop them further. In addition to the international perspective, the psychiatry debate must also be interpreted in its specifically Swedish context. One aspect of this is the Swedish tradition of Government Official Reports: psychiatry had been subject to many investigations prior to the debate in the 1960s and 1970s, and others would follow in its wake. Another characteristic feature of the Swedish debate is two events that formed very suitable targets for critique: Sociopatutredningen and Mentalhälsokampanjen. These events seemed to confirm the most farreaching concerns of the radical critics, namely that psychiatry is a means of social control.

In the context of Western, European, Nordic, and Swedish radical nationalism, this study is an analysis of the various ways the political party the Sweden Democrats talks about religion; primarily about Swedish Evangelical-Lutheran Christianity and the Church of Sweden.   The study investigates the party expressions on religion and nationalism, using theoretical models of interpretation, constructed for this specific purpose, out of hermeneutic methodology.   The purpose has been to analyse the different functions of the various ways the Sweden Democrats talk about religion, and to investigate how the references to religion legitimize the ideology of nationalism, with the aim to answer the following questions: How do the Sweden Democrats’ talk on religion function as an identity marker? In what way is it possible to distinguish an aspiration for cultural purity in the Sweden Democrats’ talk on religion? Is it possible to distinguish neo-racism in the Sweden Democrats’ talk on religion? In which ways can the Sweden Democrats’ talk on religion be regarded as political strategy?   The results demonstrate in which ways the Sweden Democrats apply religion to promote the party perceptions of nationalism, as well as to legitimize the party conceptions of the Swedish nation and the Swedish people: Swedish Christianity and the Church of Sweden are used to identify Swedish culture and to identify contrasting foreign culture. Swedish Christianity is used as the determining factor between the good Swedish people and the bad other people. Swedish Christianity is used as the determining factor between the right Swedish values and the wrong values of the other. Swedish Christian values are used as dividing criteria between the culturally pure Swedish people and the culturally impure other people. The degeneration of the Church of Sweden mirrors the degeneration of the Swedish society. Swedish Christian homogeneity will guarantee security for the Swedish people and the Swedish nation within the Swedish nation-state. Elements of religion and culture sort different peoples into different categories in the hierarchical view of humanity. Swedish Christianity and Swedish culture identify and define the Swedish people as innocent to the current precarious situation of the Swedish nation, and Swedish Christianity and Swedish culture identify and define the people of the other, which is to blame for this situation. The Swedish people is superior, to the non-Swedish people, because of superior Swedish religion and superior Swedish culture. Swedish Christianity is used to promote anti-democratic political positions. Swedish Christianity is used to legitimize coercion and force in the enforcement of Swedishness.

The first few chapters of the dissertation will catalogue what is known regarding z-ideals in commutative rings with identity. Some special attention will be paid to z-ideals in function rings to show how the presence of the topological description simplifies z-covers of arbitrary ideals. Conditions in an f-ring that ensure that the sum of z-ideals is a z-ideal will be given. In the latter part of the dissertation I will generalise a result in higher order z-ideals and introduce a notion of higher order d-ideals
Mathematical Sciences
M. Sc. (Mathematics)

This dissertation examines the forms of media that are most productive for the formation of social and political movements at their earliest stages. The problem it confronts is a contemporary one: the dominant forms of social media on the internet do not allow for the slow and focused deliberation this is demanded for radical ideas that are attempting to undermine a status quo to begin to take root. Movements rise and fall very quickly, following the metabolism of sites like Facebook and Twitter, without having the long-term impact they seek. By first looking historically at a series of pre-digital case studies – starting with letters before the scientific revolution and moving through petitions, small newspapers, samizdat and all the way to zines in the 1990s – aspects of more effective incubatory media will present themselves. Each chapter in this first half of the book zeroes in on the affordances of these particular forms of communication that made them so useful. After having looked at pre-digital communication, the dissertation will then turn to contemporary case studies and the challenges posed by social media for activists of all stripes looking to incubate their ideas on these platforms. Starting with the Arab Spring in Egypt, which offers a cautionary tale of a movement overtaken by the social media metabolism and moving through the 2010s toward Black Lives Matter, there is a progression of awareness about what tools the internet can provide for communication and which prove most productive for offering sustainability to a movement. The conclusion is one gained from the juxtaposition of the historical and the contemporary, which builds to an awareness of what affordances are required for a radical idea to avoid burning out.

This dissertation addresses how from 1930 to 1980 two minority religious groups, the Nation of Islam and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons), used food to express their separate and superior status as God's chosen people while at the same time engaging the values of broader American culture. Outsiders in American religion are, in many ways, consummate insiders seeking to craft an ideal society. Historian R. Laurence Moore has argued that, by inventing themselves through a sense of opposition, religious outsiders contributed substantially to what we think of as American culture. This study of Mormons and Nation Muslims focuses more on the way values from American culture also shaped belief and behavior in two outsider groups. I build on Moore's insight to conclude that, at the same time outsider groups rebelled against what they defined as white Protestants' transgressions or faults, they negotiated their own worth in relation to white Protestant values that they had quite thoroughly internalized. The processes of cultural assimilation and separation for these outsider religious groups happened simultaneously. As each group worked out what its separateness and superiority meant in everyday patterns of eating, each developed a cuisine that represented its deeply held religious and cultural priorities. In Mormonism, the greatest value was self-sufficiency, while for the Nation it was health; both groups also used foodways to stress refinement and a sense of chosenness. This study analyzes food habits in their entirety, discussing not only prohibitions, as other scholars do, but also recipes, fasting, food production, and table manners. Major sources include magazine and newspaper articles, speech transcripts, oral history interviews, devotional literature, and cookbooks. Food habits tell how Nation Muslims and Mormons invoked traditional American values but applied those values in their own way in order to be "in but not of" the world.
2019-05-31T00:00:00Z

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2007.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-06, Section: A, page: 2537. Adviser: Greg R. Oldham. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-94) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.

Many analysts mistake suicide bombing as a "natural" consequence of political grievance: as the ultimate in the politics of despair, citing the plight of Palestinians as the central case study. My contention is that the suicide-murder doctrine had its genesis in Revolutionary Iran and became institutionalised during the war years with Iraq (1980-1988). The ideology that supported suicide on the battlefield is identical to that of the suicide terrorist globally. The training of insurgents outside of Iran - including Hezbollah in Lebanon, the Tamil Tigers in Sri Lanka, Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, and the al Qaeda global network - ensured the development of the phenomenon best termed Jihadist Suicide. Putting this phenotnenon into a sociological and historical context, this work draws on comparative and ethnographic techniques to analyse significant concepts - like suicide, martyrdom, secularisation and ideology - to identify the nuances of Jihadist Suicide. It is argued that in the history of ethnic conflict, this form of suicide has been rare.Tradition does not support acts of such suicide - not even in its political or religious guise as martyrdom. Historically, it never occurred as a globalised phenomenon. Rather, it is a product of late modernity, whereby a world driven by ontological insecurity and uncertainty has opened the way for political elites and counter-elites to introduce radical ideas. It is not deviant behaviour, as is the common perception of suicide, but a moral ideal.

In his study of spectra of f-rings via pointfree topology, Banaschewski [6] considers lattices of l-ideals, radical l-ideals, and saturated l-ideals of a given f-ring A. In each case he shows that the lattice of each of these kinds of ideals is a coherent frame. This means that it is compact, generated by its compact elements, and the meet of any two compact elements is compact. This will form the basis of our main goal to show that the lattice-ordered rings studied in [6] are coherent frames. We conclude the dissertation by revisiting the d-elements of Mart nez and Zenk [30], and characterise them analogously to d-ideals in commutative rings. We extend these characterisa-tions to algebraic frames with FIP. Of necessity, this will require that we reappraise a great deal of Banaschewski's work on pointfree spectra, and that of Mart nez and Zenk on algebraic frames.
Mathematical Sciences
M. Sc. (Mathematics)

Yes
Prominent writers in industrial relations (IR) have concluded the field is in significant decline, partly because of a failed theory base. The theory problem is deepened because other writers conclude developing a theory foundation for industrial relations is neither possible nor desirable. We believe advancing IR theory is both needed and possible, and take up the challenge in this paper. A long-standing problem in theorizing industrial relations has been the lack of agreement on the field’s core analytical construct. However, in the last two decades writers have increasingly agreed the field is centred on the employment relationship. Another long-standing problem is that writers have theorized industrial relations using different theoretical frames of reference, including pluralist and radical-Marxist; different disciplinary perspectives, such as economics, sociology, history, and politics; and from different national traditions, such as British, French, and American. In this paper, we seek to advance IR theory and better integrate paradigms and national traditions. We do this by developing an analytical explanation for four core features of the employment relationship—generation of an economic surplus, cooperation-conflict dialectic, indeterminate nature of the employment contract, and asymmetric authority and power in the firm—using an integrative mix of ideas and concepts from the pluralist and radical-Marxist streams presented in a multi-part diagram constructed with marginalist tools from conventional economics. The diagram includes central IR system components, such as labour market, hierarchical firm, macro-economy, and nation state government. The model is used to explain the four features of the employment relationship and derive implications for IR theory and practice. Examples include the diagrammatic representation of the size and distribution of the economic surplus, a new analytical representation of labour exploitation, identification of labour supply conditions that encourage, respectively, cooperation versus conflict, and demonstration of how inequality of bargaining power in labour markets contributes to macroeconomic stagnation and unemployment.

Ewolucja radykalnie lewicowych doktryn politycznych i jej implikacje prawne po 1989 roku (streszczenie) Głównym cel rozprawy doktorskiej stanowi analiza ewolucji doktryny radykalnej lewicy po 1989 roku w kontekście jej wpływu na ustrój i prawodawstwo wybranych krajów. Analiza dokonywana jest w kontekście pewnych regionalnych procesów i uwarunkowań kształtujących radykalną lewicę w różnych regionach świata. Celem analizy jest próba stwierdzenia, czy obecnie można mówić o istnieniu jednej uniwersalnej koncepcji lewicy radykalnej, czy też wielu niezależnych lewicowych koncepcjach. Praca składa się z sześciu rozdziałów. Pierwszy rozdział koncentruje się na przedstawieniu kluczowych elementów składowych koncepcji współczesnej radykalnej lewicy oraz najbardziej wpływowych współczesnych teorii ekonomiczno-społecznych Jeremy’ego Rifkina i Josepha Stiglitza oraz analizie niezwykle ważnych dla radykalnej lewicy XXI wieku nowoczesnych koncepcji ekonomicznych Thomasa Piketty’ego na tle marksistowskiej koncepcji społeczno-ekonomicznej. W rozdziale przedstawione zostały również koncepcje kształtujące się od lat 60. XX wieku wraz z nową lewicą idee i koncepcje światopoglądowe, takie jak ekologizm, neutralność światopoglądowa i feminizm. Idee te w znacznym stopniu stały się częścią rdzenia dzisiejszej doktryny radykalnej lewicy, w szczególności w krajach rozwiniętych. Drugi rozdział stanowi analiza ewolucji radykalnej lewicy na terenie Europy po 1989 roku. Analiza skupia się na przedstawieniu najważniejszych elementów europejskiej ideologii ultralewicowej w kontekście działania ruchów społecznych i partii politycznych w wybranych krajach po 1989 roku. Szczególnie istotną role w Europie odgrywają radykalnie lewicowe ruchy społeczne takie jak Oburzeni we Francji czy Ruch Pięciu Gwiazd we Włoszech. Wybór organizacji i ruchów lewicowych został podyktowany chęcią jak najlepszego ukazania swoistego fenomenu radykalizacji europejskiej lewicy na początku XXI wieku. Rozdział trzeci jest poświęcony ewolucji radykalnej lewicy na terenie Ameryki Południowej, której kluczowym aspektem jest idea ,,socjalizmu XXI wieku’’. Idea ta, będąca połączeniem marksizmu, filozofii Simona Rodrígueza, z oryginalnymi rozwiązaniami bazującymi na lokalnych doświadczeniach, przedstawiona jest przez pryzmat jej adaptacji i rozwoju w wybranych krajach regionu ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem Wenezueli, Boliwii i Ekwadoru. W rozdziale tym dokładniej przeanalizowana została również, charakterystyczna dla wszystkich krajów Ameryki Łacińskiej, koncepcja teologii wyzwolenia będąca swego rodzaju lokalnym fenomenem kształtującym współczesną tożsamość kulturową mieszkańców Ameryki Południowej i ich podejście do koncepcji lewicowych. Rozdział czwarty skupia się na ewolucji radykalnej lewicy po 1989 roku na terenie Ameryki Północnej. Rozdział zbudowany został wokół próby pokazania pewnych oryginalnych dla tego regionu koncepcji oraz na uwidocznieniu różnic między radykalizującą się lewicą w Stanach Zjednoczonych Ameryki a Kanadą, która radykalnie lewicowe idee wymieszała z założeniami socjaldemokracji i swoistego lokalnego nacjonalizmu. W rozdziale tym przeanalizowane pokrótce zostały także konsekwencje społecznego buntu związanego z kryzysem finansowym 2008 roku. Piąty rozdział dotyczy ewolucji radykalnej lewicy w Azji i na Bliskim Wschodzie i stanowi próbę przedstawienia niezwykle ciekawej ewolucji lokalnych koncepcji radykalnie lewicowych przez pryzmat ich lokalnych sukcesów i globalnych ograniczeń. Szczególna uwaga poświęcona została procesowi ewolucji maoistycznej doktryny komunistycznej w Chinach oraz nowym koncepcjom radykalnej lewicy, nawiązujących do marksizmu, rozpowszechniających się w wybranych krajach Azji. Oprócz chińskiego systemu zostały również przybliżone radykalne lewicowe koncepcje powstałe w Indiach, Korei Północnej i w Japonii, a także najciekawsze lewicowe idee kształtujące się na Bliskim Wschodzie nawiązujące do islamskiego socjalizmu. Szósty rozdział przedstawia najciekawsze implikacje prawne związane z wpływem koncepcji ekologizmu i feminizmu na prawo w krajach, w których są silne ugrupowania i ruchy związane z radykalną lewicą. Rozdział ten stanowi swoistą próbę zobrazowania na wybranych przykładach realnego bezpośredniego i pośredniego wpływu postulatów lewicy radykalnej na ustawodawstwo i orzecznictwo. Rozdział ten w kontekście całości pracy pełni rolę uzupełniającą, której celem jest pokazanie globalnego wpływu koncepcji lewicowych na politykę wybranych krajów i swego rodzaju globalnego lewicowego uniwersalizmu w kontekście postulatów ekologicznych i feministycznych. W rozdziale tym uwydatniona jest również ewolucja koncepcji płci kulturowej w prawodawstwie i orzecznictwie wybranych państw. Konkluzje pracy stanowi potwierdzenie stawianej na wstępie tezy odnośnie braku istnienia jednej uniwersalnej koncepcji lewicy radykalnej oraz udowodnienie tezy, że rok 1989 w kontekście ewolucji doktryny lewicowej nie stanowił jakiegokolwiek przełomowego momentu. Potwierdzenie stawianej na początku pracy tezy skutkuje utworzeniem podziału na lewice tradycyjną (marksistowską) i nowoczesną lewicę radykalną, wywodzącą się z ruchów społecznych pierwszej dekady XXI wieku, takich jak indignados w Hiszpanii. Istnienie tej swoistej dychotomii w obrębie ruchu lewicy radykalnej ma bardzo istotny wpływ na prawodawstwo i kształtowanie się nowych koncepcji dotyczących podstawowych praw człowieka. Wydaje się, że dzięki wykorzystaniu tego typu dychotomii dużo łatwiej jest analizować współczesne ruchy lewicowe, które coraz bardziej odbiegają od tradycyjnych definicji lewicy i lewicy radykalnej prezentowanych w literaturze.
The evolution of the Radical Left political doctrines and its legal implications after the year 1989. (The summary) The main aim of this doctoral thesis is the analysis of the evolution of the doctrine of the radical left-wing parties after the year 1989, in the context of its influence on the system and legislation of the selected countries. This analysis is carried out in the light of certain regional processes and factors shaping the left-winged parties in various regions of the world. The goal of this study is to state whether nowadays we can assume there exists one, universal conception for the Radical Left or there are many existing independently from each other. The thesis consists of six chapters all together. The first chapter focuses on presenting the key element components of the contemporary radical left–wing parties, along with the most influential contemporary economical-social theories of Jeremy Rifkin and Joseph Stiglitz, as well as on essentially import ant for the XXI century radical Left- analysis of the modern economical concepts of Thomas Piketty against a background of the Marxist social-economical conceptions. In this chapter also, there are presented approaches developed along with the new Left from the years of sixties of the XX century- the ideas and world views, such as ecologism, neutrality of the world view and feminism. These ideas, to a big extent, have become a part of the core of the up-to-date radical left doctrine, especially in the developed countries. The second chapter is the study of evolution of the radical Left after the year 1989. It concentrates on introducing the essential elements of the European ultra-left ideology in the context of activities of social movements and political parties of the chosen countries after 1989. A particularly crucial role in Europe than, play the left-wing social movements such as The Indignados (The Outraged) in France or the MoVimento 5stelle (The Five Star Movement) in Italy. A choice of the organizations and left-wing movements has been dictated by the will to show the peculiarity of the phenomenon of radicalization of the European Left at the beginning of the XXI century. The third chapter is devoted to the evolution of the radical Left in the region of the South America, which the key aspect is an idea of ‘socialism of XXI century’. This idea, being the fusion of Marxism and the philosophy of Simon Rodriguez, with original solutions, basing on local experiences, is demonstrated by the angle of her adaptation and development in the selected countries of the region, especially taking into account of Venezuela, Bolivia and Ecuador. Also, in this very chapter, there is a more precise analysis of the concept of theology of liberation, characteristic for the all countries of the Latin America, which is a certain kind of local phenomenon shaping contemporary cultural identity of the inhabitants of South America and their attitude towards the left-wing concepts. The fourth chapter focuses on the evolution of the radical Left on the area of North America, after the year 1989. This part of the thesis was structured to show certain concepts original to this region, as well as emphasizing the differences between the radicalizing Left of the United States and Canada, where the latter of the two has radical mixed the conceptions of the Left with the principles of social democracy and particular local nationalism. Moreover, in this chapter there are briefly analyzed the consequences of the social rebellion bound up with the financial crisis of the year 2008. The fifth chapter concerns the evolution of radical Left in Asia and Middle East and it is an attempt to present extremely interesting development of local radical Left concepts in the context of their local successes and global restrictions. A particular attention was given to evolution of the Maoist communistic doctrine in China as well as to a new concept of radical Left referring to Marxism and spreading in chosen Asian countries. Besides the Chinese system, the chapter introduces the radical Left concepts that originated from India, North Korea and Japan as well as most interesting Left ideas shaping up in Middle east which relate to Islamic socialism. Finally, the sixth chapter presents most interesting legal implications related to influences of the ecologic and feministic concepts on legal systems in the countries with strong groups and movements tied to the radical Left. Based on chosen examples, this section constitutes a specific attempt to depict a real direct and indirect impact of the radical Left demands on the legislation and judicature. In the context of the whole thesis, the sixth chapter serves a supplementary role, which is to picture a global influence of the Left–wing concepts on the politics of chosen countries and one of a kind global Left universalism in the context of ecological and feminist demands. What is more, the chapter highlights the evolution of cultural gender concept in the legislation and judicature of the selected countries. The conclusion of the whole work constitutes the thesis stated in the beginning – a non-existence of one universal concept for the radical left ideology and proving the argument that the year 1989 was by no means a decisive moment in the context of the evolution of the Left doctrine. A proof of the thesis proposed initially in this dissertation results in the division into a traditional Left (Marxist) and a modern radical Left, which originated from the social movements in the first decade of the XXI century, like ‘Indignados’ in Spain. An existence of this particular dichotomy in the frame of radical Left movement has very significant influence on legislation and development of new concepts related to the basic human rights. It seems that due to a usage of such a dichotomy it becomes far easier to analyze the contemporary Left movements, that start to stray more and more from the traditional definition of the Left and radical Left presented in the literature.

Years of psychotherapy practice at university, state, and military hospitals developed the author's interest in the presentation of love relationship problems. Mood and anxiety disorders, as the most prevalent pathologies, were often co-morbid with or secondary to partner relationship issues. Most vexing for clients was a situation of repeated dysfunctional partner selections in which similar problems arose each time. This incubated the idea of a process, probably outside of awareness, that functioned to perpetuate self-defeating partner selection patterns. The author was introduced to Money's `lovemap' concept during studies and identified readily with its principles and mechanisms. The lovemap is defined as a highly individualised, developed, mental template or cognitive blueprint of the ideal lover. It is assumed that every person has a lovemap, and would be able to describe it if asked the right questions. The concept promised to be a useful vehicle for studying self-defeating partner selection patterns, as `errors' might be coded into the lovemap that are expressed in such a presentation. The author identified the need to ground the lovemap concept in recognised psychological theory in order to motivate for its relevance. Kelly's theory of cognitive constructs provided robust links for lovemap as a sophisticated construction system, and the developmental theories of Freud and Erikson situated lovemap genesis within recognised periods of emerging human capacities to love and relate sexually; the stages of puberty to young adulthood. Lovemaps are assumed to function optimally when love and lust co-operate in pairbonding, or the capacity to couple. Extensive literature reviews cover the research fields of romantic love, human sexuality, and pairbonding, affording hypotheses as to lovemap pathology. A qualitative, Phenomenological research design of case studies with six adult persons, who had experienced radical contradictions of original lovemaps, identified when and how lovemap change took place. Thematic analysis of the attributions for change distilled a number of implications for therapy that would encourage certain indicated change processes. An integrative psychotherapy model recognises the cognitively- and socially constructed nature of lovemaps and proposes intervention components that blend cognitive-behavioural and narrative approaches. This model will be tested extensively with a suitable client population.
Psychology
D. Litt. ET Phil. (Psychology)

W rozprawie rozważane są tylko pierścienie łączne, zwane dalej pierścieniami.Dobrze wiadomo, że w klasie pierścieni relacja bycia ideałem nie jest przechodnia. Celem rozprawy jest rozważenie szeregu zagadnień związanych z pierścieniami w których ta relacja zachodzi. Pierścienie te dalej będziemy nazywali filialnymi. Motywacją do naszych badań były prace między innymi: Kruse, Andrijanowa, Puczyłowskiego.W pierwszym rozdziale rozprawy przypominamy i uzupełniamy potrzebne dalej wiadomości o grupach, pierścieniach i klasach radykalnych.W drugim rozdziale przedstawiamy wyniki dotyczące filialnych pierścieni $\beta$-radykalnych. W szczególności uzupełniamy pewne luki w klasyfikacji $H$-pierścieni (tj. pierścieni, w których każdy podpierścień jest ideałem) podanej przez Kruse i Andrijanowa, poprzez podanie pełnej klasyfikacji pierścieni z prawie zerowym mnożeniem ograniczonego wykładnika. W rozdziale trzecim podajemy pełną klasyfikację przemiennych, filialnych pierścieni zredukowanych dowodząc, że są to pewne podpierścienie produktu ciał liczb $p$-adycznych. Niezbędne przy tym okazuje się udowodnione przez nas twierdzenie, zgodnie z którym, każdy przemienny, filialny pierścień zredukowany jest ideałem w pewnym przemiennym, filialnym, zredukowanym pierścieniu z jedynką. W rozdziale czwartym przedstawiamy konstrukcję i własności ważnych przykładów pierścieni filialnych, tj. pierścieni Kruse i Andrijanowa. Podajemy tam również klasyfikacje pewnych ich rozszerzeń, które odegrają kluczową rolę w opisie filialnych, przemiennych pierścieni noetherowskich. Rozdział piąty zawiera wyniki dotyczące pierścieni filialnych o nietorsyjnym nil-radykale. W kolejnych dwóch rozdziałach przedstawiamy pełną klasyfikację przemiennych, torsyjnych pierścieni filialnych i przemiennych filialnych pierścieni noetherowskich. Ostatni, ósmy rozdział poświęcony jest problemowi dołączania jedynki do pierścienia filialnego. Dowodzimy tam, że nie każdy pierścień filialny jest ideałem w filialnym pierścieniu z jedynką, konstruując minimalny przykład takiego pierścienia. Jest odpowiedź na pytanie postawione, przez autora, na konferencji ,,Radicals of rings and related topics'' w Warszawie w 2009 roku.
In this work we consider only associative rings which we call simply rings.It is well known that the relation of being an ideal is not transitive in the class of all associative rings.The aim of the dissertation is to consider a number of issues connected with the rings in which the transitiveproperty does hold. These rings will be called filial. Our research is motivated, inter alia, by the papers of Kruse, Andrijanow and Puczyłowski.In the first chapter of dissertation, we recall and extend necessary informations about groups, rings and radical classes. In the second chapter of the thesis we present our results on filial $\beta$-radical rings. In particular we fulfill the gaps in the classification of $H$-rings (i.e. rings in which each subring is an ideal), given by Kruse and Andrijanow. Namely we give the classification of almost null rings with the bounded exponent of additive group. In the third chapter we give a full classification of commutative reduced filial rings by proving that they are some specific subrings of product of $p$-adic integers. It turned out that to show this it is necessary to use our theorem saying that every reduced filial ring is an ideal in a reduced filial ring with an identity. In the fourth chapter we present the construction and properties of important examples of filial rings i.e. Kruse and Andrijanow rings. Additionally we give some classification theorems for extensions of these ring, which play a central role in the description of the commutative filial noetherian rings. In the fifth chapter we collect our results concerning filial rings with non-torsion nil radical. In the next two chapters we present a full classification of commutative torsion filial rings and commutative noetherian filial rings. The last, eight chapter is devoted to a problem of adjoining an identity to a filial ring. In this section we prove that not every filial ring is an ideal in filial ring with an identity, by constructing a minimal example. This is the answer to the question posed by the author at the conference ,,Radicals of rings and related topics” in Warsaw, Poland in 2009.

In this thesis it is argued that Kant's Copernican turn depends on his doctrine of the imagination, and that by understanding the role of imagination as symbolic rather than schematic, the resources are provided to show that his critical philosophy has more radical possibilities than those of his post-Kantian critics. To display this, it is first pointed out that the crucial role the imagination plays in Kant's Copernican turn is not fully developed in his first Critique. Next, it is argued that Kant's doctrine of the imagination is not fully realized until the third Critique in which Kant radicalizes his notion of constructivism by introducing a distinction between determinative and reflective judgments. Finally, it is suggested that while Hegel believes that Kant?s idealism is not dynamic enough to support a full-fledged constructivism, in fact, when Kant?s mature doctrine of the imagination is taken into account, this is no longer the case because Kant believes that our particular experiences of the world unfold artistically and creatively according to the work of the imagination. It is suggested, therefore, that in many ways Kant anticipates the developments of thinkers such as Hegel and other post- Kantians and may even continue to lie beyond them.

Rozprawa ta poświęcona jest badaniu półgrupy C(A) klas sprzężoności ideałów lewostronnych skończenie wymiarowej algebry A z 1 nad ciałem K. Mnożenie w tej półgrupie pochodzi w sposób naturalny od struktury multyplikatywnej samej algebry. Wykazano szereg rezultatów dotyczących struktury C(A). Udowodniono, że skończoność C(A) równoważna jest temu, że liczba klas sprzężoności lewostronnych ideałów nilpotentnych algebry A jest skończona. Wskazano pewne niezmienniki algebry A, które można odczytać ze struktury półgrupy C(A). Przy założeniu, że K jest algebraicznie domknięte oraz, że radykał Jacobsona algebry A jest 2-nilpotentny wykazano, że struktura półgrupy C(A) determinuje strukturę algebry A, przy dodatkowym założeniu, że C(A) jest skończona. W kontekście rozważanej w tym rezultacie klasy algebr, uzyskano także pewne częściowe wyniki związane z opisem algebr, w których półgrupa klas sprzężoności jest skończona. Pokazano, między innymi, że jeśli A jest algebrą z 2-nilpotentnym radykałem Jacobsona, wówczas skończoność półgrupy C(M_6(A)) równoważna jest temu, że A ma skończony typ reprezentacyjny.
The aim of this thesis is to investigate the semigroup C(A) of conjugacy classes of left ideals of a finite dimensional algebra A with 1 over a field K. The operation in this semigroup is naturally induced from the multiplicative structure of the algebra itself. We determine certain invariants of an algebra A that can be expressed in terms of the structure of C(A). Assuming that the field K is algebraically closed and that the Jacobson radical of the algebra A is 2-nilpotent, we prove that the structure of the semigroup C(A) completely determines the structure of A, assuming that C(A) is finite. In the context of the class of algebras that are considered for this result, some partial results concerning the classification of algebras for which the semigroups of conjugacy classes are finite are obtained. It is shown, among other results, that if the algebra A has 2-nilpotent Jacobson radical then the finiteness of C(M_6(A)) is equivalent to the fact, that A is of finite representation type.

This paper interweaves narrativized readings and experiential narratives as personal and cultural resources for counterhegemonic cultural critique within our historical context of globalization and ecological crisis. Framed by perspectives on epistemology, everyday life, and place, these reflections seek to engage and revitalize our notions of community, creativity, and the individual, towards visioning the human art of community as a counternarrative to globalization. Such a task involves confronting the meanings we have come to ascribe to work and economy which so deeply determine our social fabric. Encountering the thought of key 19th and 20th century social theorists ranging from William Morris, Gregory Bateson, and Raymond Williams, to Murray Bookchin, Martin Buber, and Wendell Berry, these reflections mark the indivisible web of culture in the face of our insistent divisions, and further, iterate our innate creativity as the source for a vital, sustainable culture that might reflect, in Bateson’s terms, the pattern that connects.