Relevant bibliographies by topics / Radiation therapy outcome

Academic literature on the topic 'Radiation therapy outcome'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Radiation therapy outcome"

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Habrand, J. L., M. Austin-Seymour, S. Birnbaum, S. Wray, R. Carroll, J. Munzenrider, L. Verhey, M. Urie, and M. Goitein. "Neurovisual outcome following proton radiation therapy." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 13 (October 1987): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(87)91119-9.

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Habrand, J. L., M. Austin-Seymour, S. Birnbaum, S. Wray, R. Carroll, J. Munzenrider, L. Verhey, M. Urie, and M. Goitein. "Neurovisual outcome following proton radiation therapy." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 16, no. 6 (June 1989): 1601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(89)90969-3.

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Sianos, G. "Long term outcome after intracoronary radiation therapy." Heart 91, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 942–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/hrt.2004.038026.

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Sharp, J. G. "104Cytokines and the outcome of radiation therapy." Radiotherapy and Oncology 40 (January 1996): S29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(96)80111-3.

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Guney, Y., A. Hiçsönmez, MN Andrieu, and C. Kurtman. "Outcome of Aggressive Fibromatosis Treated with Radiation Therapy." Scottish Medical Journal 52, no. 4 (November 2007): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmsmj.52.4.11.

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Ballo, Matthew T., Gunar K. Zagars, Alan Pollack, Peter W. T. Pisters, and Raphael A. Pollock. "Desmoid Tumor: Prognostic Factors and Outcome After Surgery, Radiation Therapy, or Combined Surgery and Radiation Therapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 17, no. 1 (January 1999): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1999.17.1.158.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the therapeutic value of resection and the potential benefits of and indications for adjuvant and definitive radiation therapy for desmoid tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 189 consecutive cases of desmoid tumor treated with surgical resection, resection and radiation therapy, or radiation therapy alone. Treatment was surgery alone in 122 cases, surgery and radiation therapy in 46, and radiation therapy alone in 21. Median follow-up was 9.4 years. RESULTS: Overall, 5- and 10-year actuarial relapse rates were 30% and 33%, respectively. Uncorrected survival rates were 96%, 92%, and 87% at 5, 10, and 15 years, respectively. For the patients treated with surgery, the actuarial relapse rates were 34% and 38% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Among 78 patients with negative margins, the 10-year recurrence rate was 27%, whereas 40 margin-positive patients had a 10-year relapse rate of 54% (P = .003). Tumors located in an extremity also had a poorer prognosis than did those in the trunk. For patients treated with radiation therapy for gross disease, the 10-year actuarial relapse rate was 24%. For patients treated with combined resection and radiation therapy, the 10-year actuarial relapse rate was 25%. The addition of radiation therapy offset the adverse impact of positive margins seen in the surgical group. CONCLUSION: Wide local excision with negative pathologic margins is the treatment of choice for most desmoid tumors. Function-sparing resection is appropriate because adjuvant radiation therapy can offset the adverse impact of positive margins. Unresectable disease should be treated with definitive radiation therapy.
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Smith, Jonathan C., Jonas T. Johnson, and Eugene N. Myers. "Management and outcome of early glottic carcinoma." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 126, no. 4 (April 2002): 356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhn.2002.123858.

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OBJECTIVE AND STUDY DESIGN: We designed a retrospective study to analyze treatment methods and outcomes for patients with lesions ranging from carcinoma in situ to invasive T1 glottic squamous cell carcinoma. Patients with nonsquamous cell carcinoma, verrucous variant of squamous cell carcinoma, anterior commissure involvement, and T2 lesions were excluded. SETTING: University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, a tertiary referral center. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients met the inclusion criteria. Mean follow-up was 49 months (range 24 to 96 months). Forty-eight of 54 (89%) were treated with endoscopic excision. Forty of these 48 patients (83%) were successfully treated with endoscopic excision(s) as the only treatment modality. Four patients had persistence of disease despite multiple endoscopic excisions. Two of these patients underwent hemilaryngectomy, 1 received radiation treatment, and 1 received radiation therapy followed by a hemilaryngectomy. Four patients had recurrence of disease. Two patients with recurrence required radiation therapy and 2 patients required a total laryngectomy. With the selective application of multiple endoscopic excisions, radiation therapy, and more invasive operation, 100% of patients are without evidence of disease with a laryngeal preservation rate of 96%. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the use of endoscopic excisional biopsy as the primary treatment modality for lesions ranging from carcinoma in situ to invasive T1 glottic carcinoma. This study also highlights the importance of close clinical follow-up and the potential need for further treatment. By reserving open operation and radiation therapy to selective cases, we successfully treated all patients while limiting the disadvantages of radiation therapy and more invasive operation to the minority of patients.
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Fox‐Alvarez, Stacey, Keijiro Shiomitsu, Amandine T. Lejeune, Anna Szivek, and Lyndsay Kubicek. "Outcome of intensity‐modulated radiation therapy‐based stereotactic radiation therapy for treatment of canine nasal carcinomas." Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound 61, no. 3 (March 18, 2020): 370–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vru.12854.

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HOYE, A. "P2223 Long-term outcome after intracoronary beta radiation therapy." European Heart Journal 24, no. 5 (March 2003): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0195-668x(03)95217-1.

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Myerson, R. J., J. M. Michalski, M. L. King, E. Birnbaum, J. Fleshman, R. Fry, I. Kodner, D. Lacey, and M. Lockett. "Adjuvant radiation therapy for rectal carcinoma: Predictors of outcome." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 27 (1993): 276–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(93)90872-s.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Radiation therapy outcome"

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Tillner, Johanna [Verfasser]. "Radiation retinopathy and optic neuropathy after proton beam therapy of choroidal melanoma : A retrospective analysis of the Incidence, predictive factors and visual outcome / Johanna Tillner." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1127045350/34.

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Dong, Lixin. "DIFFUSE OPTICAL MEASUREMENTS OF HEAD AND NECK TUMOR HEMODYNAMICS FOR EARLY PREDICTION OF CHEMO-RADIATION THERAPY OUTCOMES." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/35.

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Chemo-radiation therapy is a principal modality for the treatment of head and neck cancers, and its efficacy depends on the interaction of tumor oxygen with free radicals. In this study, we adopted a novel hybrid diffuse optical instrument combining a commercial frequency-domain tissue oximeter (Imagent) and a custom-made diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) flowmeter, which allowed for simultaneous measurements of tumor blood flow and blood oxygenation. Using this hybrid instrument we continually measured tumor hemodynamic responses to chemo-radiation therapy over the treatment period of 7 weeks. We also explored monitoring dynamic tumor hemodynamic changes during radiation delivery. Blood flow data analysis was improved by simultaneously extracting multiple parameters from one single autocorrelation function curve measured by DCS. Patients were classified into two groups based on clinical outcomes: a complete response (CR) group and an incomplete response (IR) group with remote metastasis and/or local recurrence within one year. Interestingly, we found human papilloma virus (HPV-16) status largely affected tumor homodynamic responses to therapy. Significant differences in tumor blood flow index (BFI) and reduced scattering coefficient (μs’) between the IR and CR groups were observed in HPV-16 negative patients at Week 3. Significant differences in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration ([HbO2]) and blood oxygen saturation (StO2) between the two groups were found in HPV-16 positive patients at Week 1 and Week 3, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed and results indicated high sensitivities and specificities of these hemodynamic parameters for early (within the first three weeks of the treatment) prediction of one-year treatment outcomes. Measurement of tumor hemodynamics may serve as a predictive tool allowing treatment selection based on biologic tumor characteristics. Ultimately, reduction of side effects in patients not benefiting from radiation treatment may be feasible.
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Hornby, Colin, and n/a. "Tumour Control and Normal Tissue Complication Probabilities: Can they be correlated with the measured clinical outcomes of prostate cancer radiotherapy?" RMIT University. Medical Sciences, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080702.123739.

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The chief aim in developing radiation treatment plans is to maximise tumour cell kill while minimising the killing of normal cells. The acceptance by a radiation oncologist of a radiation therapy treatment plan devised by the radiation therapist, at present is largely based on the oncologists' previous clinical experience with reference to established patterns of treatment and their clinical interpretation of the dose volume histogram. Some versions of radiotherapy planning computer software now incorporate a function that permits biologically based predictions about the probability of tumour control (TCP) and/or normal tissue complications (NTCP). The biological models used for these probabilities are founded upon statistical and mathematical principles as well as radiobiology concepts. TCP and NTCP potentially offer the capability of being able to better optimise treatments for an individual patient's tumour and normal anatomy. There have been few attempts in the past to correlate NTCPs to actual treatment complications, and the reported complications have generally not shown any significant correlation. Thus determining whether either or both NTCPs and TCPs could be correlated with the observed clinical outcomes of prostate radiotherapy is the central topic of this thesis. In this research, TCPs and NTCPs were prospectively calculated for prostate cancer patients receiving radiation therapy, and subsequently assessed against the clinical results of the delivered treatments. This research was conducted using two different types of NTCP models, which were correlated against observed treatment-induced complications in the rectum and bladder. The two NTCP models were also compared to determine their relative efficacy in predicting the recorded toxicities. As part of this research the refinement of some of the published bladder parameters required for NTCP calculations was undertaken to provide a better fit between predicted and observed complication rates for the bladder wall which was used in this research. TCPs were also calculated for each patient using the best available estimate of the radiosensitivity of the prostate gland from recent research. The TCP/NTCP data was analysed to determine if any correlations existed between the calculated probabilities and the observed clinical data. The results of the analyses showed that a correlation between the NTCP and a limited number of toxicities did occur. Additionally the NTCP predictions were compared to existing parameters and methods for radiotherapy plan evaluation - most notably DVHs. It is shown that NTCPs can provide superior discriminatory power when utilised for prospective plan evaluation. While the TCP could not be correlated with clinical outcomes due to insufficient follow-up data, it is shown that there was a correlation between the TCP and the treatment technique used.
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Hsu, Po-Jen, and 許博荏. "Characteristics and Outcome Indicators of Acute Ischemic Stroke Among Head and Neck Cancer Patients with Radiation Therapy." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ep8m9e.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
公共衛生碩士學位學程
106
Background: Patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiation therapy have increased risk of stroke. Previous studies were focused on the epidemiology and stroke risk factor analyses. Our study aims to demonstrate the clinical characteristics of acute stroke in patients with head and neck cancer, especially to investigate stroke outcome indicators. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who had previous radiotherapy due to head and neck cancer and suffered from acute ischemic stroke during January, 2010- June, 2016 at a single medical center. Unfavorable outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) > 2 at 1 month after stroke. Advanced radiotherapy was defined as application of intensity modulation radiation therapy or volumetric arc therapy. Results: During the study period, 60 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria (mean age 61.9±11.3 years, 90.0% male) and 27.8% of them (n=15) had stroke in posterior circulation. Range of interval between radiotherapy and stroke onset was 0.5 to 40 years. Fifty percent survival time was 8 years. Coexisting conventional stroke risk factors were common, such as hypertension (65.0%), diabetes mellitus (20.0%), High cholesterol (15.0%), High triglyceride (18.3%), smoking (48.3%), previous stroke (16.7%) and atrial fibrillation (6.7%). The median National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at admission was 5 (IQR:3-15). Fifty patients (83.3%) had record of modified Rankin Scale at 1 month after stroke and twenty-two of them (44.0%) had unfavorable outcome. In univariate analysis, the patients had unfavorable outcome had higher percentage of severe NIHSS (47.1% vs.4.2%, p=0.002). Besides, patients with unfavorable outcome had trend of lower percentage of hypertension (50.0% vs. 75.0%, p=0.07) and lower percentage of advanced radiotherapy (40.0% vs. 70.0%, p=0.08). In multivariate analysis, severe NIHSS (OR:26.1, 95% CI: 1.15-596 p=0.041) and advanced radiotherapy (OR: 0.05, 95% CI: 0.004-0.71, p=0.027) still remained independent indicators of unfavorable outcome. Conclusion: Acute ischemic stroke in posterior circulation is common in head and neck cancer patients receiving radiation therapy. Advanced radiotherapy is a protective indicator of unfavorable outcome.
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Chan, I. Ching, and 詹宜靜. "Patient Decision Aids on outcome and satisfaction of decision-making for Radiation Therapy among Head and Neck Cancer Patients." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22107CGU05528013%22.&searchmode=basic.

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Jong-Kang and 李永康. "2-[18F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in Predicting Outcome of Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinomas Treated by Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04157040767760503049.

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博士
中山醫學大學
醫學研究所
97
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy compared to other head and neck cancers by its epidemiology, histopathology, clinical characteristics, and treatment. It frequently happened in the Southeast Asia, the Mediterranean basin and the south China. The crude incidence of NPC in Taiwan is 283 cases per 100 thousands people each year. NPC is at the 10th position in incidence of cancer in men and eighteenth in women. As for the death rate, NPC is at the 9th position in men and eleventh in women. Though the incidence of NPC is not high compared to other cancers in Taiwan, the incidence is about 25 to 50 times higher than the general incidence of the world. NPC is highly radiosensitive and chemosensitive. Radiotherapy has been the mainstay treatment for NPC and leads to a high 10-year survival rate if treated in the early-stage. However, there are significantly locoregional recurrence and distant metastases subsequent to radiotherapy in the advanced stage of disease. Identifying predictive factors of outcome in those patients after radio- and chemotherapies has great clinical implications because such factors may allow treatment to be specifically focused on the characteristics of individual tumors. Predictive factors of patient outcome in NPC have traditionally been derived from clinical and pathologic features, e.g., T and N stages, size and degree of fixation of neck nodes, sex, age, the presence of cranial nerve involvement, tumour’s histological type and the radiotherapy dosage and coverage, primary tumor volume, and parapharyngeal extension, etc. While detailed evaluation of these factors, difficulty remains to reliably predict the outcome of treatment in individual patients. The clinical, or even pathological TNM staging is still associated with a heterogeneous survival and relapse pattern, and is thus far from perfect as a prognostic indicator. Due to the high sensitivity in detecting tumors with high glucose metabolism and the capability of whole-body survey in a single examination, positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) has extensively been used in diagnosing the head and neck cancers. Previous studies have shown that use of 18F-FDG PET prior to use of radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy may be useful in predicting improvement in patients with esophageal cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer, and in non-NPC head and neck cancer. However, the effectiveness of whole-body 18F-FDG PET examining NPC patients prior to use of radiotherapy has rarely been studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the primary tumor FDG uptake, which was measured as the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) at initial diagnosis, and local control (LC) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with nonkeratinizing NPC treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with or without chemotherapy. One hundred and twelve patients with nonkeratinizing NPC who had received FDG-PET scan prior to radiation therapy combined with or without concurrent chemotherapy were recruited. Primary tumor FDG uptake was measured with the SUVmax. Actuarial LC and DFS and were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and evaluated with the log-rank test. The prognostic significance was assessed by univariate analysis. There were 21 patients had definitive radiotherapy and 91 patients received radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy. The mean SUV was significantly higher in the 23 patients who presented with locoregional or distant failure than that in the remaining patients without any such failure (P < 0.001). By univariate analysis, T category showed significant correlations with 3-y LC while the SUVmax for the primary tumor was a significant predictor for both LC and DFS. The T1-2 group had a significantly higher 3-y LC than the T3-4 group (94% vs. 76%; P =.012). Patients with a low (≦ 5.0) SUV had a higher 3-y LC (P < 0.0001) and DFS (P < 0.0001) than those with a high (> 5.0) SUV. For T1-2 patients, 3-y LC was significantly higher in the low SUVmax group (100% vs. 87%; P = 0.012). A similar results were also found in T3-4 patients (100% vs. 59%; P= 0.023). The SUV for the primary tumor was a powerful predictive factor of outcome in treating patients with NPC by CCRT or radiotherapy alone. A high 18F-FDG uptake (SUV > 5.0) was a marker for poor outcome in patients with NPC. Our study indicated that the SUVmax for primary tumors could be an important factor in choosing treatment for patients with NPC.
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"Development of Dose Verification Detectors Towards Improving Proton Therapy Outcomes." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53752.

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abstract: The challenge of radiation therapy is to maximize the dose to the tumor while simultaneously minimizing the dose elsewhere. Proton therapy is well suited to this challenge due to the way protons slow down in matter. As the proton slows down, the rate of energy loss per unit path length continuously increases leading to a sharp dose near the end of range. Unlike conventional radiation therapy, protons stop inside the patient, sparing tissue beyond the tumor. Proton therapy should be superior to existing modalities, however, because protons stop inside the patient, there is uncertainty in the range. “Range uncertainty” causes doctors to take a conservative approach in treatment planning, counteracting the advantages offered by proton therapy. Range uncertainty prevents proton therapy from reaching its full potential. A new method of delivering protons, pencil-beam scanning (PBS), has become the new standard for treatment over the past few years. PBS utilizes magnets to raster scan a thin proton beam across the tumor at discrete locations and using many discrete pulses of typically 10 ms duration each. The depth is controlled by changing the beam energy. The discretization in time of the proton delivery allows for new methods of dose verification, however few devices have been developed which can meet the bandwidth demands of PBS. In this work, two devices have been developed to perform dose verification and monitoring with an emphasis placed on fast response times. Measurements were performed at the Mayo Clinic. One detector addresses range uncertainty by measuring prompt gamma-rays emitted during treatment. The range detector presented in this work is able to measure the proton range in-vivo to within 1.1 mm at depths up to 11 cm in less than 500 ms and up to 7.5 cm in less than 200 ms. A beam fluence detector presented in this work is able to measure the position and shape of each beam spot. It is hoped that this work may lead to a further maturation of detection techniques in proton therapy, helping the treatment to reach its full potential to improve the outcomes in patients.
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Physics 2019
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WEBBER, COLLEEN ELIZABETH. "Association between Proposed Quality of Care Indicators and Long-Term Outcomes for Men with Localized Prostate Cancer." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6707.

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Background: We evaluated the validity of a set of 11 quality indicators for prostate cancer radiotherapy and radical prostatectomy by examining their association with outcomes. The selected indicators were: hospital volume, pre-treatment risk assessment, patient consultation with a radiation oncologist, appropriate follow-up care, leg immobilization during radiotherapy, bladder filling during radiotherapy, portal film target localization, use of nerve sparing surgery, operative blood loss, margin status and pelvic lymph node dissection. The selected outcomes were: cause-specific survival, disease-free survival, late morbidity (urinary incontinence, gastrointestinal and genitourinary morbidity), change in node stage from clinical N0 to pathologic N1, and margin status. Methods: Our study sample consisted of 1570 prostate cancer patients who were diagnosed in Ontario between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 1998 who received radical prostatectomy within 6 months of diagnosis (n=646), or curative radiotherapy within 9 months of diagnosis (n=924). Quality of care, outcomes, and potential confounders were measured using patient chart and administrative data. Regression techniques were used to evaluate the associations between quality indicators and relevant outcomes. Results: For patients treated surgically, hospital volume met our test of validity. Patients treated in the lowest volume hospital (0-1 RP/month) were at greater risk of prostate cancer death than patients treated in the highest volume hospitals (7+ RP/month) (HR=5.37 95% CI=1.23-23.46). For patients treated with radiotherapy, leg immobilization and bladder filling during radiotherapy met our test of validity. Patients treated without leg immobilization were more likely to experience urinary incontinence (RR=2.18, 95% CI=1.23-3.87) and genitourinary late morbidities (RR=1.72, 95% CI=1.16-2.56) than patients who received leg immobilization. Patients who were treated with an empty bladder were more likely to experience GU late morbidities (RR=1.98, 95% CI=1.08-3.63) than those treated with a full bladder. The remaining indicators did not meet our test of validity. Conclusion: Our results support the validity of one surgical quality indicator and two radiotherapy quality indicators. Explanations for our non-significant findings, including limited study power, data quality, our definition and measurement of indicators, and a true failure to predict outcome(s) are discussed, and recommendations for further research are presented.
Thesis (Master, Community Health & Epidemiology) -- Queen's University, 2011-09-07 20:26:34.461
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Books on the topic "Radiation therapy outcome"

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Outcomes in Radiation Therapy: Multidisciplinary Management. Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2001.

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Thomas, G. M. Evolving Approaches to Improve Outcomes and Minimize Toxicities in Radiation Therapy (Oncology). Edited by G. M. Thomas. Karger, 2002.

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Finlay, Esmé, and Diaa Osman. Decompressive Surgery for Malignant Spinal Cord Compression (DRAFT). Edited by Nathan A. Gray and Thomas W. LeBlanc. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190658618.003.0013.

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Metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) is a potentially disabling complication associated with advanced cancer. To address whether decompressive surgery followed by radiation therapy is superior to radiation therapy alone, this multi-institutional randomized trial compared outcomes among 101 patients with MESCCC. The study assessed functional outcomes such as ability to ambulate posttreatment, length of ambulation and maintained continence posttreatment, survival time after intervention, and additional functional, quality of life, and medication use outcomes. The practice-changing results of this study indicate that patients who received decompressive surgery and radiation had a longer length of posttreatment ambulation (122 days vs. 13 days, P = 0.03), better overall survival (126 days vs. 100 days, Relative risk 0.60, P = 0.033), lower doses of palliative medications, as well as better performance on several other secondary outcomes. From this landmark study, in appropriately selected patients with MESCC, surgery followed by radiation has become the standard of care.
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Cortigiani, Lauro, and Eugenio Picano. Stress echocardiography. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199599639.003.0013.

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Stress echocardiography is a widely used method for assessing coronary artery disease, due to the high diagnostic and prognostic value. While inducible ischaemia predicts an unfavourable outcome, its absence is associated with a low risk of future events. The evaluation of coronary flow reserve by Doppler adds prognostic information to that of standard stress test. Stress echocardiography is indicated in cases when exercise testing is unfeasible, uninterpretable, or gives ambiguous result, and when ischaemia during the test is frequently a false positive response, as in hypertensives, women and patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. Viability detection represents another application of stress echocardiography. The documentation of viable myocardium predicts an improved outcome following revascularization in ischaemic and following resynchronization therapy in idiopathic cardiomyopathy. Moreover, stress echocardiography can aid significantly in clinical decision making in patients with valvular heart disease through dynamic assessment of mitral insufficiency, transvalvular gradients and pulmonary artery systolic pressure. Among the various stress modalities, exercise is safer than pharmacologic stress, in which major complications are three times more frequent with dobutamine than with dipyridamole. Stress echocardiography provides similar accuracy than perfusion scintigraphy but a substantially lower cost, without environmental impact and with no radiation biohazards for the patient.
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Cassidy, Jim, Donald Bissett, Roy A. J. Spence OBE, Miranda Payne, and Gareth Morris-Stiff. Principles of chemotherapy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199689842.003.0005.

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Principles of radiation oncology outlines the physical and biological effects of ionising radiation, and its use in clinical oncology. Radiobiology, examining the response of tissue to ionising radiation, is described with regards to normal and malignant tissues. The effect of fractionation, the delivery of radiotherapy in a series of repeated exposures, is examined. The damaging effects on normal tissues are considered, particularly nonreversible late effects including carcinogenesis. Therapeutic exposure to ionising radiation is contrasted between radical and palliative radiotherapy. The physical properties of ionising radiation beams are described for superficial x-rays, megavoltage x-rays, and electrons. The process of treatment planning is summarised through beam dosimetry, target and critical organ outlining, dose planning, treatment verification, prescription and delivery. Computerised tomography is used for outlining and for verification, using cone beam CT. 0ther methods for image guided radiotherapy include fiducial markers. Increasingly intensity modulated radiotherapy is proving beneficial in reducing normal tissue damage during radical treatment. Stereotactic radiotherapy is used in the radical treatment of small unresectable malignancies. The clinical use of electron therapy, brachytherapy and intraoperative radiotherapy is described. Nuclear medicine uses unsealed radionuclides in imaging primary malignancies and their metastases, and in targeted radiotherapy. Examples include PET scanning, bone scanning, and radio iodine therapy. Whole body irradiation is used to improve outcomes after high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell or bone marrow transplantation.
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Cutter, David, and Martin Scott-Brown. Treatment of cancer. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0325.

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The variety of conditions that are considered to be ‘cancer’ is extremely wide, with marked variation in the management approach from disease to disease. A common feature in the management of malignant conditions, however, is the involvement of a wide range of medical professionals at different stages of the patient pathway. This commonly includes physicians, surgeons, radiologists, pathologists, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and specialist nurses, as well as a plethora of other allied disciplines. As such, a practice that has been widely adopted is to work as a multidisciplinary team (MDT), with regular meetings to decide the appropriate treatment for each patient with a cancer diagnosis, on an individual and case-by-case basis. The main treatment modalities for the treatment of cancer are surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. While these are often combined to form a multimodality therapy, they are all, in isolation, potentially radical (curative) therapies for certain conditions. For example, surgery (in the case of a Stage I colon adenocarcinoma), radiotherapy (in the case of early laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma), and chemotherapy (in the case of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia) are all curative as single-modality treatments. It is commonly the case, however, for a patient to require more than one mode of therapy to achieve the best outcome, for example a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy for early breast cancer. It can also be the case that two or more different management strategies are thought to give equivalent oncological results, for example surgery or radiotherapy for early prostate cancer. In this situation, the MDT and the patient need to decide on the ‘best’ management plan for the individual, based on their personal and professional opinions and on the differing toxicity profiles of the alternate treatments.
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Rosberger, Zeev, Sylvie Aubin, Barry D. Bultz, and Peter Chan. Communication and cancer-related infertility. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198736134.003.0042.

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Cancer and cancer therapies (e.g. surgery, chemotherapy, radiation) may have a significant impact on fertility for both young men and women, resulting in distress regarding future parenting options. Fertility preservation (FP) is available through sperm cryopreservation and for women through oocyte or embryo cryopreservation. While normal fertility will occur after treatment for many patients in the survivorship phase, assisted reproductive therapy (ART) may be the only option for some. Because of this uncertainty, healthcare providers must discuss this challenge immediately after diagnosis to facilitate decision-making regarding FP, and at all points along the continuum with patients and their families to ensure that the right information and choices are clearly shared. Research has shown that timely communication can result in successful outcomes for patients wishing to have children after treatment completion.
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Lewin, Jan S., Michelle Cororve Fingeret, and Kate A. Hutcheson. Speech and Swallowing Impairment. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190655617.003.0011.

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Abstract: Patients with head and neck cancer face multiple, often severe psychological and functional problems associated with the diagnosis and treatment of their disease including alterations in or loss of human voice, disruptions in speech production, and deterioration of swallowing ability. These functional changes significantly compromise a patient’s body image and can occur as a result of the disease as well as its primary treatment, whether surgery, radiation therapy (RT), or both. Adjuvant treatments that include RT generally increase functional deficits and associated body image disturbance. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the functional effects associated with the given treatment modality or combination of modalities must be conveyed adequately to the patient. A multidisciplinary team approach and ongoing communication among clinicians is critical to successful outcomes. This approach includes the delivery of psychosocial interventions to facilitate coping with functional changes during active treatment and into cancer survivorship.
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Book chapters on the topic "Radiation therapy outcome"

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Schipper, Matthew J. "A utility based approach to individualized and adaptive radiation therapy." In A Guide to Outcome Modeling in Radiotherapy and Oncology, 225–34. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, [2018] | Series: Series in medical physics and biomedical engineering: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429452659-13.

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Schiavo, Filippo, Iuliana Toma-Dasu, and Emely Kjellsson Lindblom. "Perfusion-Limited Hypoxia Determines the Outcome of Radiation Therapy of Hypoxic Tumours." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 249–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14190-4_41.

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Castelijns, J. A., R. P. Golding, C. van Schaik, J. Valk, and G. B. Snow. "MR findings of cartilage invasion by laryngeal cancer. Value in predicting outcome of radiation therapy." In MR Imaging of Laryngeal Cancer, 123–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3286-2_10.

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Connolly, J. L., S. J. Schnitt, B. Silver, A. Recht, R. B. Cohen, and J. R. Harris. "The Influence of Pathologic Features on Clinical Outcome of Breast Cancer Patients Treated by Primary Radiation Therapy." In Gynecology and Obstetrics, 590–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70559-5_202.

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Sturdza, Alina, and Richard Pötter. "Outcomes Related to the Disease and the Use of 3D-Based External Beam Radiation and Image-Guided Brachytherapy." In Gynecologic Radiation Therapy, 263–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68958-4_25.

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El Naqa, Issam. "Computerized Prediction of Treatment Outcomes and Radiomics Analysis." In Image-Based Computer-Assisted Radiation Therapy, 357–75. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2945-5_14.

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Keall, Paul, Jeffrey Siebers, and Radhe Mohan. "The impact of Monte Carlo dose calculations on treatment outcomes." In The Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy, 425–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59758-9_161.

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Hernandez, Víctor Macias. "Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy in Prostate Cancer: Rationale, History, and Outcomes." In Robotic Radiosurgery. Treating Prostate Cancer and Related Genitourinary Applications, 103–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11495-3_9.

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Moravan, Michael J., John M. Boyle, Jordan A. Torok, Peter E. Fecci, Carey Anders, Jeffrey M. Clarke, April K. S. Salama, Justus Adamson, Scott R. Floyd, and Joseph K. Salama. "Brain Metastases Image-Guided Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy: Rationale, Approach, Outcomes." In Image-Guided Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiosurgery, 255–89. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003037095-14.

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Mula-Hussain, Layth. "Challenges and Outcomes in Launching the First Board-Certified Program in Radiation Oncology in Iraq." In Improving Oncology Worldwide, 33–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96053-7_5.

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AbstractRadiation therapy is—in many therapeutic settings—equivalent to surgery. Training in radiotherapy requires a particular infrastructure including highly trained personnel, safety training, and the necessary equipment as well as time. In this chapter, I will be describing the establishment of the first board-certified radiation oncology training in Iraq. In doing so, I will be outlining challenges specific to the region and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in general. I will also be describing the impact of this endeavor and its prospects.
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Conference papers on the topic "Radiation therapy outcome"

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Stavitskaya, K. O., V. V. Krasnyuk, D. A. Butovskaya, and A. V. Shilenko. "Outcome comparison of treatment of brain metastases in hypofractionation and staged radiosurgery." In 8th International Congress on Energy Fluxes and Radiation Effects. Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56761/efre2022.r3-p-013603.

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Brain metastases occur in 20–40% of cancer patients. The main methods of treatment are neurosurgical intervention, radiation therapy, and stereotactic radiosurgery is actively developing. The advantage of radiosurgery is non-invasiveness, the effectiveness of exposure to foci and the low probability of radiation reactions after treatment. However, in patients with a tumor volume exceeding 3 centimeters in diameter, with radiosurgical doses (>18 Gy), the risk of post-radiation complications is subsequently high, therefore radiosurgical methods of hypofractionation and staged radiosurgery are increasingly used. The research included a group of patients (46 people) who underwent treatment by the method of staged radiosurgery and a group of patients (27 people) who underwent hypofractionation. The clinical study was conducted at the Leksell Gamma Knife Icon installation (Stockholm, Sweden). The summed dose was in the range from 16 to 30 Gy. The purpose of research: to study and compare the results of the use of hypofractionation methods and staged radiosurgery for brain metastases.
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Karami, Elham, Mark Ruschin, Hany Soliman, Arjun Sahgal, Greg J. Stanisz, and Ali Sadeghi-Naini. "An MR Radiomics Framework for Predicting the Outcome of Stereotactic Radiation Therapy in Brain Metastasis*." In 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2019.8856558.

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Liew, Belle, Clea Southall, Muholan Kanapathy, and Dariush Nikkhah. "Does Post-Mastectomy Radiation Therapy Worsen Outcomes in Immediate Autologous Breast Flap Reconstruction? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." In VIRTUAL ACADEMIC SURGERY CONFERENCE 2021. Cambridge Medicine Journal, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7244/cmj.2021.04.001.1.

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Background There is great uncertainty regarding the practice of immediate autologous breast reconstruction (IBR) when post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) is indicated. Many plastic surgery units differ in their protocols, with some recommending delayed breast reconstruction (DBR) instead. Nevertheless, the cosmetic and psychosocial benefits offered by IBR are significant. The aim of this study was to comprehensively review and analyse existing literature to compare irradiated and unirradiated autologous flaps. Methods A comprehensive search in MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases was conducted in November 2020 for primary studies assessing outcomes of IBR with and without PMRT. Primary outcomes were the incidence of clinical complications, observer- and patient-reported outcomes. Meta-analyses were performed to obtain the pooled risk ratio of individual complications where possible. Results Twenty-one articles involving 3817 patients were included. Meta-analysis of pooled data demonstrated risk ratios for fat necrosis (RR=1.91, p<0.00001), secondary surgery (RR=1.62, p=0.03) and volume loss (RR=8.16, p<0.00001) favouring unirradiated flaps, but no significant difference in all other reported complications. The unirradiated group scored higher in observer-reported outcome measures, but self-reported aesthetic and general satisfaction rates were similar. Conclusions IBR should still be offered to patients as a viable option after mastectomy, even if they require PMRT. Despite the statistically significant higher risks of fat necrosis and contracture, these changes appear to be less clinically relevant, as corroborated by generally positive self-reported scores from patients who developed the aforementioned complications. Preoperative and intraoperative measures can further optimize reconstruction and mitigate post-radiation sequelae. Careful management of patients’ expectations is also imperative.
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Pan, Ming, and Nitin Rai. "Abstract PO-091: Does volumetric-modulated arc therapy improve anal cancer treatment outcome and reduce toxicity: A single institution experience." In Abstracts: AACR Virtual Special Conference on Radiation Science and Medicine; March 2-3, 2021. American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1557-3265.radsci21-po-091.

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Mukai, Y. "1001 The outcome of high-dose rate intra-cavity brachytherapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy with Central-Shielding for cervical cancer." In ESGO 2021 Congress. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2021-esgo.86.

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Grunda, Jessica M., L. Burt Nabors, John B. Fiveash, Hassan M. Fathallah‐Shaykh, Alan B. Cantor, Cheryl A. Palmer, and Martin R. Johnson. "Abstract C123: Pharmacogenomic analysis of patients newly diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme treated with capecitabine concurrent with radiation therapy: Gene expression profiles associated with clinical outcome." In Abstracts: AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics--Nov 15-19, 2009; Boston, MA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.targ-09-c123.

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Bistline, Anna, Andrew Song, James Evans, Christopher Farrell, David Andrews, Kevin Judy, Maria Werner-Wasik, Voichita Bar-Ad, and Wenyin Shi. "Long-Term Outcomes for Nonacoustic Schwannomas Treated with Stereotactic Radiation Therapy." In 29th Annual Meeting North American Skull Base Society. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1679551.

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Moshtaghi, Omid, Yin Ren, Peter R. Dixon, Alexander Claussen, Jimmy Yu, Usman Khan, Jillian Plonsker, Michael Brandel, Marc S. Schwartz, and Rick A. Friedman. "Clinical Outcomes of Acoustic Neuroma Patients Undergoing Microsurgical Resection Following Radiation Therapy." In 31st Annual Meeting North American Skull Base Society. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1743728.

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Serra, D., C. Robertson-Paris, M. Chadha, E. Carper, S. Fleishman, and L. Harrison. "Outcomes of Guided Imagery (GI) in Patients Receiving Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer." In Abstracts: Thirty-Second Annual CTRC‐AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium‐‐ Dec 10‐13, 2009; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-5039.

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Blebea, Nicoleta Mirela. "NUTRITIONAL THERAPY IN CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF ONCOLOGICAL PATIENTS." In NORDSCI Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2021/b1/v4/28.

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Nutritional therapy helps patients with cancer to maintain their weight within normal limits, maintain tissue integrity and reduce the side effects of cancer therapies. Nutritional oncology deals with both prevention and patient support during treatment, in convalescence and in palliative situations. Cancer patients need full support from the team of health professionals (oncologists, nurses and dietitians). The following basic elements should not be missing from the cancer patient's diet: water, protein intake, animal and vegetable fats, as well as vitamins and minerals. The diet of cancer patients should be closely monitored, as body weight should be kept within normal limits, ie a body mass index (BMI) between 19 and 24 (the calculation is made by dividing the weight by the square of the height). The oncologist should therefore be aware of the adverse effects of malnutrition on patient outcomes and view nutritional support as an essential component of the clinical management, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, antiemetic treatment, and treatment for pain.
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Reports on the topic "Radiation therapy outcome"

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Garsa, Adam, Julie K. Jang, Sangita Baxi, Christine Chen, Olamigoke Akinniranye, Owen Hall, Jody Larkin, Aneesa Motala, Sydne Newberry, and Susanne Hempel. Radiation Therapy for Brain Metasases. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer242.

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Objective. This evidence report synthesizes the available evidence on radiation therapy for brain metastases. Data sources. We searched PubMed®, Embase®, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL®, clinicaltrials.gov, and published guidelines in July 2020; assessed independently submitted data; consulted with experts; and contacted authors. Review methods. The protocol was informed by Key Informants. The systematic review was supported by a Technical Expert Panel and is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020168260). Two reviewers independently screened citations; data were abstracted by one reviewer and checked by an experienced reviewer. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and large observational studies (for safety assessments), evaluating whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone or in combination, as initial or postoperative treatment, with or without systemic therapy for adults with brain metastases due to non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, or melanoma. Results. In total, 97 studies, reported in 190 publications, were identified, but the number of analyses was limited due to different intervention and comparator combinations as well as insufficient reporting of outcome data. Risk of bias varied; 25 trials were terminated early, predominantly due to poor accrual. Most studies evaluated WBRT, alone or in combination with SRS, as initial treatment; 10 RCTs reported on post-surgical interventions. The combination treatment SRS plus WBRT compared to SRS alone or WBRT alone showed no statistically significant difference in overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.09; confidence interval [CI], 0.69 to 1.73; 4 RCTs; low strength of evidence [SoE]) or death due to brain metastases (relative risk [RR], 0.93; CI, 0.48 to 1.81; 3 RCTs; low SoE). Radiation therapy after surgery did not improve overall survival compared with surgery alone (HR, 0.98; CI, 0.76 to 1.26; 5 RCTs; moderate SoE). Data for quality of life, functional status, and cognitive effects were insufficient to determine effects of WBRT, SRS, or post-surgical interventions. We did not find systematic differences across interventions in serious adverse events radiation necrosis, fatigue, or seizures (all low or moderate SoE). WBRT plus systemic therapy (RR, 1.44; CI, 1.03 to 2.00; 14 studies; moderate SoE) was associated with increased risks for vomiting compared to WBRT alone. Conclusion. Despite the substantial research literature on radiation therapy, comparative effectiveness information is limited. There is a need for more data on patient-relevant outcomes such as quality of life, functional status, and cognitive effects.
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Nixon, Asa J. Effect of Inherited Breast Cancer Susceptibility on Treatment Outcomes After Conservative Surgery and Radiation Therapy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada360396.

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Nixon, Asa J. Effect of Inherited Breast Cancer Susceptibility on Treatment Outcomes After Conservative Surgery and Radiation Therapy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada392346.

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Nixon, Asa J. Effect of Inherited Breast Cancer Susceptability on Treatment Outcomes After Conservative Surgery and Radiation Therapy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada382703.

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Saldanha, Ian J., Wangnan Cao, Justin M. Broyles, Gaelen P. Adam, Monika Reddy Bhuma, Shivani Mehta, Laura S. Dominici, Andrea L. Pusic, and Ethan M. Balk. Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer245.

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Objectives. This systematic review evaluates breast reconstruction options for women after mastectomy for breast cancer (or breast cancer prophylaxis). We addressed six Key Questions (KQs): (1) implant-based reconstruction (IBR) versus autologous reconstruction (AR), (2) timing of IBR and AR in relation to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, (3) comparisons of implant materials, (4) comparisons of anatomic planes for IBR, (5) use versus nonuse of human acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) during IBR, and (6) comparisons of AR flap types. Data sources and review methods. We searched Medline®, Embase®, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL®, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to March 23, 2021, to identify comparative and single group studies. We extracted study data into the Systematic Review Data Repository Plus (SRDR+). We assessed the risk of bias and evaluated the strength of evidence (SoE) using standard methods. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020193183). Results. We found 8 randomized controlled trials, 83 nonrandomized comparative studies, and 69 single group studies. Risk of bias was moderate to high for most studies. KQ1: Compared with IBR, AR is probably associated with clinically better patient satisfaction with breasts and sexual well-being but comparable general quality of life and psychosocial well-being (moderate SoE, all outcomes). AR probably poses a greater risk of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (moderate SoE), but IBR probably poses a greater risk of reconstructive failure in the long term (1.5 to 4 years) (moderate SoE) and may pose a greater risk of breast seroma (low SoE). KQ 2: Conducting IBR either before or after radiation therapy may result in comparable physical well-being, psychosocial well-being, sexual well-being, and patient satisfaction with breasts (all low SoE), and probably results in comparable risks of implant failure/loss or need for explant surgery (moderate SoE). We found no evidence addressing timing of IBR or AR in relation to chemotherapy or timing of AR in relation to radiation therapy. KQ 3: Silicone and saline implants may result in clinically comparable patient satisfaction with breasts (low SoE). There is insufficient evidence regarding double lumen implants. KQ 4: Whether the implant is placed in the prepectoral or total submuscular plane may not be associated with risk of infections that are not explicitly implant related (low SoE). There is insufficient evidence addressing the comparisons between prepectoral and partial submuscular and between partial and total submuscular planes. KQ 5: The evidence is inconsistent regarding whether human ADM use during IBR impacts physical well-being, psychosocial well-being, or satisfaction with breasts. However, ADM use probably increases the risk of implant failure/loss or need for explant surgery (moderate SoE) and may increase the risk of infections not explicitly implant related (low SoE). Whether or not ADM is used probably is associated with comparable risks of seroma and unplanned repeat surgeries for revision (moderate SoE for both), and possibly necrosis (low SoE). KQ 6: AR with either transverse rectus abdominis (TRAM) or deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps may result in comparable patient satisfaction with breasts (low SoE), but TRAM flaps probably increase the risk of harms to the area of flap harvest (moderate SoE). AR with either DIEP or latissimus dorsi flaps may result in comparable patient satisfaction with breasts (low SoE), but there is insufficient evidence regarding thromboembolic events and no evidence regarding other surgical complications. Conclusion. Evidence regarding surgical breast reconstruction options is largely insufficient or of only low or moderate SoE. New high-quality research is needed, especially for timing of IBR and AR in relation to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, for comparisons of implant materials, and for comparisons of anatomic planes of implant placement.
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